81 results on '"pureza"'
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2. Eucalyptus citriodora, E. phaeotricha and E. propinqua seeds subjected to classification by sieves.
- Author
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Vieira BARBOSA, Ana Sara, Sanches JEROMINI, Tatiane, Zildo da SILVA, Givanildo, and Chalita MARTINS, Cibele
- Subjects
EUCALYPTUS citriodora ,SEED size ,GERMINATION ,VARIANCES ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Cientifica is the property of Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa e Extensao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. CRAFTING PURITY IN ASSYRO-BABYLONIAN PROCEDURES. TIME, SPACE, AND THE MATERIAL WORLD.
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BORRELLI, NOEMI and ESCOBAR, EDUARDO A.
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PRIESTS ,PRAYERS ,STATUES ,CULTURAL fusion ,INTEGRITY ,RITUAL purity ,FEMALE reproductive organs - Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
4. "¿Qué nuevo podré decir sobre asunto tan escrito y mal traído?". El discurso apologético del castellano en la prensa española del último cuarto del siglo XIX.
- Author
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Silvestre Llamas, Miguel
- Subjects
RECONSTRUCTION (Linguistics) ,NINETEENTH century ,LANGUAGE & languages ,DISCOURSE - Abstract
Copyright of Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Historiografía Lingüística (BSEHL) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Historiografia Linguistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
5. Métodos de almacenamiento de semillas Cinchona Pubescens Vahl., Imbabura, Ecuador.
- Author
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Cué García, Jorge Luis, Cuasque Peñafie, Yajaira Alexandra, Vallejos Alvarez, Hugo Vinicio, Añazco Romero, Mario José, Palacios Cuenca, Walter Armando, and Carrión Burgos, Andrés Manolo
- Subjects
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SEED storage , *SEED viability , *SEED harvesting , *FOREST management , *SEED quality , *GERMINATION - Abstract
The management of forest seeds in Ecuador, in relation to their storage, is still insufficient, in particular the Cinchona pubescens Vahl. The objective was to determine the quality of the seeds and the best methods of seed storage of C. pubescens, using different times, containers and conditions. Seed collection was in Intag, Imbabura. The factors under study were: storage time, types of packaging and storage conditions. The quality of the seeds was determined at the time of harvest and in each treatment. Purity reached 76.5%, the weight of 1,000 seeds was 0.31 g and the humidity content was 14%. In the first storage trial, no germination was observed in any treatment from the first month. In the second trial, the best storage method was transparent cover stored in refrigeration for one week, which showed 9.25% germination power. Cinchona pubescens seeds lose their viability quickly, which becomes null after one month of storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
6. 3. A linguagem de pureza em Apocalipse 14,4.
- Author
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Menezes, Edcarlos V.
- Subjects
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LANGUAGE purism , *APOCALYPSE , *ESCHATOLOGY , *ANIMAL worship , *CHASTITY , *WOMEN - Abstract
In Revelation 14,1-5 John describes the followers of Jesus under the symbol of the 144,000. In this description, he uses the purity language to contrast them with the followers of the Beast and worshipers of his image. In 4,4, they are described as "those who did not defile themselves with women, for they remained virgins". These words are considered puzzling and are among the most difficult to elucidate throughout the Book of Revelation. This study is an exegetical analysis of this passage, which uses the Close Reading method to elucidate the meaning of the 144,000 sexual purity. The analysis of the literary and linguistic context as well as the structure of the passage and the themes and words present in it suggest that John used this language to emphasize the theme of the moral and spiritual purity that the followers of Jesus must develop in the end time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
7. One-qubit purity in terms of the discrete Wigner transform.
- Author
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Aoki, Manuel Ávila
- Subjects
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HILBERT space , *PHASE space - Abstract
An explanation and an illustration of the meaning of a discrete phase-space is given. The class of a discrete Wigner transform (DWT) for the specific case of a one-qubit state is introduced. We derive the one-qubit state formalism around its formulation in terms of the DWT in detail. A novel structure of a one-qubit purity in terms of the DWT is introduced. We find a criterion for stating when a one-qubit state is either mixed or pure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Lolium multiflorum seed quality analyzed by accredited laboratories in the Rio Grande do Sul State.
- Author
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Huth, Caroline, José Lopes, Sidinei, Alessandra Müller, Caren, Pedroso da Rosa, Cariane, Fuzzer de Andrade, Fabrício, Staggemeier dos Santos, Larissa, and Matheus Mattioni, Nilson
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ITALIAN ryegrass , *SEED quality , *AGRICULTURAL productivity , *SEED industry , *SEED crops , *RYEGRASSES - Abstract
The objective of this research was to carry out a survey, through the levels of physical purity, percentage of pure seeds, number of other seeds, and the physiological quality through germination, in the samples of ryegrass seeds analyzed in laboratories accredited by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply in Rio Grande do Sul. Data from 3959 ryegrass samples analyzed from the period 2014 to 2017 were compiled. Quality of the seeds was presented through the percentage of samples within the standards recommended for commercialization, for the variables germination, pure seeds, seeds of cultivated species, wild, noxious, tolerated and noxiously forbidden, in all factors, cultivar, region of origin, category and crop of seed production. Quality of the lots of ryegrass seeds, analyzed by the laboratories of Rio Grande do Sul, obtained in the harvest of 2013 the lowest percentage of lots approved for commercialization, 57.96%, and the harvest of 2014, 2015 and 2016 with 89.60% 91.39% and 91.34%, respectively. In regions where livestock predominates, the percentage of ryegrass seed lots approved for commercialization was lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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9. Análisis ético-político de los espaciamientos cognitivos, morales y estéticos.
- Author
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Girado-Sierra, Jesús David
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SOCIAL theory ,ETHNOLOGY ,SOCIAL space ,EMOTIONAL experience ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Cinta de Moebio is the property of Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencas Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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10. La purificación de Reiko: Lectura psicoanalítica de 'Música' de Yukio Mishima (1965)
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Castro Hernández, Lucía
- Subjects
pureza ,impureza ,Three readings ,purity ,impurity ,Tres lecturas ,Yukio Mishima ,Música - Abstract
Music (Mishima, 1965) is a novel that tells the story of a fictional psychoanalytic case, where characters Dr. Shiomi and consultant Reiko Yumigawa are presented in their process of curing the young woman's inability to "listen to music" (having an orgasm). This document conducts an analysis of the mentioned case, through the technique of the “three readings” (Murillo, 2010): philological reading, semiotic reading, and psychoanalytic reading. After doing a background review of the novel and developing the first two readings, the argument of the psychoanalytic reading is presented, in which it is expressed that the character Reiko suffers from her frigidity because she did not feel worthy of feeling pleasure with her boyfriend, the revered "good and pure" Ryuichi, in the wake of her own "impurity". In the end, it is established that in this novel there is a clear presentation of how some social traditionalisms may be capable of hurting a person to the point of making them a prisoner of a past over which they had no control, and the importance of paying attention to cases of a similar nature that may be happening in real life, to give them their due opportunity to "purify" themselves. Música (Mishima, 1965) es una novela que relata la historia de un caso psicoanalítico ficticio, donde se presentan a los personajes Dr. Shiomi y Reiko Yumigawa en su proceso de curar la imposibilidad de la joven de “escuchar la música” (tener un orgasmo). Se realiza un análisis del caso mencionado, por medio de la técnica de las “tres lecturas” (Murillo, 2010): lectura filológica, lectura semiótica y lectura psicoanalítica. Luego de hacer una revisión de antecedentes de la novela y de desarrollar las primeras dos lecturas, se presenta el argumento de la lectura psicoanalítica, en la cual se expresa que la personaje Reiko sufre de su frigidez debido a que no se sentía digna de sentir placer con su novio, el venerado “bueno y puro” Ryuichi, a raíz de su propia “impureza”. Al final, se establece que en esta novela se aprecia una clara presentación de cómo algunos tradicionalismos sociales pueden ser capaces de lastimar a una persona al punto de hacerla prisionera de un pasado del cual no tenía control, y la importancia de prestar atención a los casos de similar índole que puedan estar ocurriendo en la realidad, para darles su debida oportunidad de “purificarse” a sí mismas.
- Published
- 2022
11. Marriage and the theology of Hebrews. A theological reading of Heb 12:28–13:6 with a focus on marriage.
- Author
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Milli Rodrigues, Adriani
- Abstract
Taking into account the debate about the continuity or discontinuity in Heb 1-12 and Heb 13, with the implication of whether the hortatory material in chapter 13 is consistent with chapters 1-12 or it is a list of miscellaneous exhortations instead, this article seeks to discern connections between the concept of marriage in 13:4 with the ideas stated in 12:28–13:6. This endeavor is informed by a reading of 12:28-13:6 made in three steps. First, 12:28-29 is read as a transition for the hortatory material in chapter 13. Second, 13:1-6 is traced as a conceptual structure for the understanding of marriage in 13:4. Third, the article identifies connections of the exhortation about marriage in 13:4 with ideas developed in 12:28-29 and 13:1-6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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12. Sacrificio, pureza y traición en el Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria.
- Author
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VIDAURRÁZAGA, TAMARA and OLGA RUIZ, MARIA
- Subjects
CHILEAN politics & government ,POLITICAL organizations ,RADICALS ,SOCIAL norms ,SURRENDER (Military) - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades, Intituto de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Austral de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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13. Qualidade de sementes de azevém anual e seus impactos no estabelecimento inicial em diferentes densidades de semeadura.
- Author
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Ternus, R. M., Cavalcante, J. A., Weiss, A. C., Folquini, P. S., Philippi, E., and Zanini, G. D.
- Abstract
One of the problems involving the formation of winter pastures in Southern Brazil is the variation in the quality of forage seeds commercially available, resulting in the sale of low-quality seeds. In this sense, aimed to evaluate the quality of batches of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) marketed in the south of Santa Catarina (Brazil), in crops 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, as well as its effects on the initial establishment in different densities of seeding's. The collected seeds were derived from surplus sample of official collections of seeds collected by inspectors of State Agricultural authority in commercial establishments. Seed quality was evaluated as the response variable through physical purity, germination and number of other species of seeds. For evaluation of the initial establishment in sowing densities, an experimental design, was used in a randomized complete block in a factorial, 2 x 4, with four replications. The treatments consisted in the application of different seedling densities of two cultivars of annual ryegrass (Barjumbo and BRS Ponteio): 12.5, 25, 50 and 75 kg/ha. Were evaluated the number and plants height, tillers number per plant and dry matter forage. It is essential the need for external quality control, run by the State through fiscal activity, in order to ensure farmers access to high quality seeds, which tends to improve the initial establishment of winter pastures. The gradual increase in seeding rate provided productivity gains in both cultivars, with Barjumbo presenting better performance than BRS Ponteio [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
14. Effects of processing phases on the quality of massai grass seeds.
- Author
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de Melo, Lilian Faria, Martins, Cibele Chalita, da Silva, Givanildo Zildo, Bezerra Pereira, Francisco Elder Carlos, and Jeromini, Tatiane Sanches
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Evaluación de semilla de pastos cosechados en caminos y campos de cultivos.
- Author
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Marco, Rivas-Jacobo, Juan, Sandoval-Alvarado, Alejandra, Herrera-Corredor, José, Marín-Sánchez, Francisco2, Escalera-Valente, and José, Loya-Olguín
- Abstract
The physiological and physical quality of the grass seed Sporobolus aeroides, Bouteloua curtipendula, Briza minor, Bromus mollis, Chencrus ciliaris, Rhynchelytrum repens, Eragrostis curvula, Bouteloua gracilis, Setaria geniculata, Leptochloa filiformis, Bothriochloa perforata y Digitaria califórnica collected in Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. The percentage of germination (PGER), dead seed (DS), seedling dry weight (SDW), seedling height (SH), analytical purity (AP), thousand seed weight (TSW) and volumetric weight (VW) were evaluated. The largest PGER was for Pega Ropa 2014 with 91.7% and the minimum in Banderita 2014 with 23.2%. For DS Popotillo Plateado 2013 showed the highest percentage (9.5%). For SDW, Carretero grass 2014 presented the highest value with 0.6266 g for 20 seedlings. For SH, Punta Blanca grass 2014 presented the highest value with 15.25 mm. For AP for the year 2013 the Alcalino grass obtained a 100%, Plumilla 2013 presented 69.66%, in 2014 the Alcalino grass showed 100% and Buffel the lowest with 65%. For VW the Alcalino 2015 showed the highest value with 64.32 kg hl-1. It is concluded that the evaluation of the seeds showed variability in quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Relações entre as variáveis das análises de sementes de espécies agrícolas.
- Author
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Brunes, Rélia Rodrigues and Dal'Col Lúcio, Alessandro
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct and indirect relationships between normal seedling germination and other crop seed analysis variables, to identify the relative contributions of seed variables and combine analyses for each crop species. The study was based on the results of 1.332 seed analyses carried out between 2007 and 2014 obtained from the seed laboratory archives of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Path analysis confirmed the true association and influence of dead seeds on the reduction of the germination of Oryza sativa, Avena strigosa, Lolium multiflorum e Triticum aestivum. There was no casual relationship and direct effects of percentage of inert material, other seeds and dormant seed on germination. Germination is more representative in explaining the variability in Lolium multiflorum and Triticum aestivum. The cluster analysis of seed analysis discriminated against regarding your quality of seed lots. The groups differed significantly by germination, percentage of dead seeds and other seeds in Oryza sativa, Glycine max and Lolium multiflorum, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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17. PENSAR DESDE LA PASION. FILOSOFAR CON VLADIMIR JANKÉLÉVITCH.
- Author
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Fernández Agis, Domingo
- Subjects
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ETHICS , *DEATH , *PURITY (Philosophy) , *PHILOSOPHY , *LOVE - Abstract
On June 6 the 30th anniversary of the death of Vladimir Jankélévitch, happened in Paris in 1985. After a considerable time lag, almost a third of a century, allows us to take stock of the present and foreseeable future survival of his work. In this paper we try to provide a brief overview of some of the philosophical issues addressed in his most important works, vindicating their importance thought this century, which are presented through deep human dramas. In a way, such complex circumstances are projections of those that Jankélévitch met throughout his extraordinary life. With all this as background, I will focus my attention on five major issues: the status of philosophical knowledge, ethics as the basis for the relationship with the other, love, death and the search for purity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
18. EFECTO DE LA HUMEDAD RELATIVA SOBRE LA GERMINACIÓN DE LAS ESPORAS DE Beauveria bassiana Y LA PATOGENICIDAD A LA BROCA DEL CAFÉ Hypothenemus hampei
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Paula F. Arrubla M., Mauricio Cárdenas R., and Francisco J. Posada F.
- Subjects
Hongo ,patogenicidad ,germinación ,pureza ,concentración ,Hypothenemus hampei ,café ,Fungus ,pathogenicity ,germination ,purity ,concentration ,Hypothemnmus hampei ,coffee ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la concentración, la pureza, la germinación y la patogenicidad sobre la broca del café de las esporas del hongo Beauveria bassiana en polvo, después de ser expuestas a los niveles de humedad de 99, 75, 65 y 39%, que se obtuvieron utilizando soluciones saturadas mantenidas en cámaras húmedas, a una temperatura constante de 24°C. Las evaluaciones del efecto de la humedad sobre las esporas, se realizaron luego de 1, 10 y 20 días de expuestas, a los niveles de humedad correspondientes. En los resultados, se obtuvo que la concentración, la pureza y la patogenicidad de las esporas, a través de los tiempos de exposición a los diferentes niveles de humedad, no presentaron marcada variación durante el tiempo de evaluación. La patogenicidad, se conservó con valores superiores a 86,7% en todos los niveles de humedad y tiempos de evaluación. La germinación fue la variable, que presentó la mayor variación y disminuyó, a través del tiempo: entre 88,9 a 82,1%, luego de un día, entre 79 y 68%, después de diez días y entre 62,2 a 56,2%, posterior a los 20 días. La germinación para los diferentes niveles de humedad solo presentó diferencias significativas dentro de los tiempos de evaluación de 1 y 10 días.The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration, purity, germination and pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana spores against the coffee berry borer, after being exposed to humidity levels of 99, 75, 65 and 39%, which were obtained using saturated solutions and kept in humid chambers at a constant temperature of 24°C. Evaluations of the effect of moisture on the spores were carried out after 1, 10 and 20 days of exposure. The results showed that the concentration, purity and pathogenicity of the spores through exposition times at different humidity levels did not present great variation during the time of evaluation. The pathogenicity remained above 86.7% at all humidity levels and evaluation times. The germination was the variable that presented the greatest variation and decreased over time: from 88.9 to 82.1% after one day, from 79 and 68% after ten days and from 62.2 to 56.2% after 20 days. The germination at different moisture levels showed significant differences only within the evaluation times of one and ten days.
- Published
- 2010
19. Markers of quality and genuineness of commercial extra virgin sacha inchi oils.
- Author
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Chasquibol, N. A., Gómez-Coca, R. B., Yácono, J. C., Guinda, Á., del Aguila, C., and Pérez-Camino, M.C.
- Abstract
This work tackles the study of the quality and authenticity of oils labeled and commercialized as extra virgin sacha inchi oil. Major and minor components as triglycerides, fatty acid methyl esters, tocopherols, sterols and hydrocarbons are determined as well as other physicochemical parameters (density, viscosity, acidity and peroxide value). The results showed that some of the commercialized oils do not fulfill the basic requirement established in the regulation such as the content of α-linolenic acid, higher than 44.7 or 55.0% in the cases of P. volubilis and P. huayllabambana, respectively. The calculated stigmasterol/campesterol ratio for genuine sacha inchi oils should be around 4, however not all commercial oils analyzed comply with this requirement. The presence of the flavons sesamin and sesamolin indicates the addition of compounds from sesame oils. Finally, some of the commercial oils showed to contain trans fatty acids although this was not accompanied by the sterene hydrocarbon presence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Beneficiamento na qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de capim-mombaça.
- Author
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de Melo, Lilian Faria, Chalita Martins, Cibele, da Silva, Givanildo Zildo, Brandão Boned, João Eduardo, and Daiton Vieira, Roberval
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. NORMAS ÉTICAS PARA LÍDERES EDUCACIONAIS.
- Author
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Portela, Solano
- Abstract
This paper deals initially with the matter of discerning right and wrong actions so that a correct path of leadership can be followed, and defends that there are universal principles and values that must be followed and applied. In the sequence, it presents four core ethical guidelines with principles for educational leaders, selected from prescriptions provided by scholarly books, journal articles and graduate lectures. The selection is based on the author's own experience and subjective apprehension of importance, taking into consideration time-tested biblical injunctions and wisdom sayings that have formed the core of the long-lasting Judeo-Christian culture. It then discusses the following four ethical guidelines or areas of concern: (1) honesty, integrity and purity; (2) proper communication management; (3) a right comprehension of knowledge, truth and human development behavior; and (4) humility and solidarity to those in need. Each guideline is explained and given its referential foundation. The purpose of this discussion is not only to record a personal assessment, but to cause reflection about the utmost need that such guidelines be followed and that their principles be thoroughly present in the lives and actions of educational leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
22. CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA PECTINA DEL EPICARPIO DE TANGELO EN DOS ESTADOS DE MADUREZ.
- Author
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Púa-Rosado, Amparo Luz, Barreto-Rodríguez, Genisberto E., Polo-Miranda, Moisés A., and Serna-Restrepo, Oscar E.
- Abstract
The objective of the work was to compare characteristics of pectin from peels of green and ripe tangelo. Extractions were performed by acid hydrolysis, in three pH conditions (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5), temperature (79, 89, and 99 °C), and time (45, 65, and 85 min). At maximal conditions was obtained a yield of 1.96% for green and 1.73% for the ripe, at a pH of 2.0, in 45 min and at 79 °C. The characteristics of the pectin from green and ripe fruits, respectively were: moisture content (11.53 and 11.73%), ash (1.98 and 1.38%), methoxy group (12.4 and 11.3%), esterification percentage (81.8 and 76.5%), and anhydrous galacturonic acid (89.98 and 89.2%). According physicochemical analysis and infrared analysis, the pectins have high methoxyl, high purity, high degree of esterification and quality, especially pectin from green fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
23. Purity of gaussian and non-gaussian states obtained by spontaneous parametric down conversion
- Author
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Anamaría, García Hernández and Karen Milena, Fonseca Romero
- Subjects
Entangled quantum systems ,Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC) ,Quantum optics ,Correlations ,Sistemas cuánticos entrelazados ,Conversión Paramétrica Espontánea Descendente ,530 - Física ,Pureza ,Hermite-Gauss modes ,Correlaciones ,Óptica cuántica ,Purity ,Modos Hermite-Gauss - Abstract
ilustraciones, graficas, tablas Los pares de fotones entrelazados obtenidos con el fenómeno de la Conversión Paramétrica Espontánea Descendente (SPDC, Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion) se encuentran en un estado compuesto denominado bifotón, de especial interés en aplicaciones de información y comunicación cuántica. Los bifotones pueden utilizarse como fuente de entrelazamiento o como fuente de fotones individuales por medio de anunciamiento, caso en el cual es deseable minimizar las correlaciones entre los subsistemas del bifotón. En este trabajo se utiliza la pureza como testigo de las correlaciones entre subsistemas de grados de libertad espaciales y espectrales del bifotón, usando una configuración de SPDC colineal tipo II con un haz de bombeo asociado a los primeros modos de Hermite-Gauss. Se calculó la pureza asociada al espacio y la frecuencia de ambos fotones y también a características individuales de cada uno, para diferentes conjuntos de parámetros experimentales. Se halló que existe una cota superior de las purezas al utilizar un estado gaussiano (en este documento, esto quiere decir con un haz de bombeo en el modo HGnm con n, m = 0) respecto a los no-gaussianos (n o m 6= 0). Se encuentra una respuesta asimétrica al filtrado espacial y espectral sobre cada fotón y a los índices n, m de los modos de Hermite-Gauss del fotón de bombeo. Se encontró que para maximizar la pureza utilizando un haz Hermite-Gauss el haz de bombeo debe tener una cintura delgada y un índice n = 0, mientras que el filtrado espacial sobre los fotones entrelazados debe ser asimétrico. Esto es particularmente claro cuando los índices n o m 6= 0. Finalmente, se estudiaron las consecuencias de utilizar un filtro Hermite-Gauss sobre uno de los fotones, resultados que pueden utilizarse para desarrollar fuentes de fotones anunciados con modos ópticos espaciales no-gaussianos. (Texto tomado de la fuente) The entangled photon pairs obtained by Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC) are in a joint state named biphoton, used in diverse quantum information and communication applications. Biphotons can be used as an entanglement source and as a single-photon source using heralding, in which case it would be desirable to minimize the correlations between photon subsystems. In this work we use purity as a witness of spatial and spectral correlations in an collinear SPDC type II configuration, with a low-order Hermite-Gauss pump beam. Purity associated to space and frequency of both photons, and also to individual characteristics was calculated for different sets of experimental parameters. An upper bound was found using gaussian states (in this work, this means using a pump beam HGnm with n, m = 0) compared to non-gaussian states (n o m 6= 0). We found an asymmetric response to spatial and spectral filtering over each photon and also to the indices n, m of the pump beam. We also found that to maximize purity using an Hermite-Gauss pump beam, the beam has to have narrow waist and an index n = 0, and the spatial filtering applied over the entangled photons has to be asymmetric. This is particularly clear when n o m 6= 0. Finally, we investigated the consequences of using an Hermite-Gauss spatial filter over one of the twin photons, study which can be used to set up a single-photon source with non-gaussian optical modes. Maestría Magíster en Ciencias - Física
- Published
- 2021
24. IMPACTO DE LA MATERIA EXTRAÑA EN LA CALIDAD DE LOS JUGOS DE CAÑA Y EN LOS INDICADORES DE EFICIENCIA DE UN CENTRAL AZUCARERO.
- Author
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Navarro Hernández, Héctor and Rostgaard Beltrán, Leopoldo
- Subjects
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SUGAR factories , *INDUSTRIAL efficiency , *HARVESTING , *SUGAR industry , *MOLASSES industry , *SUGARCANE , *CROP yields , *INDUSTRY & the environment ,ENVIRONMENTAL aspects - Abstract
In Cuba more than 85 % of cane available for sugar production is currently harvested either green or burned by an integral harvesting system. Green harvesting increases the amount of extraneous matter and the concentration of non-sugar elements in juice. The analysis of the behaviour of mixed juice quality and process efficiency indicators of a sugar factory with extraneous matter increments is described in this paper. The analysis was based on available information about extraneous matter characteristics and its composition (fiber, pol, brix, purity and humidity) and according to Cuban sugar season's typical results. The results obtained from material balances done in Excel spreadsheet models show, as most relevant impact, a 7,9 % sugar production reduction due to 5 percentage units of extraneous matter rise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
25. JESÚS, HOMBRE REBELDE.
- Author
-
Londoño, Juan Esteban
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of religion ,DOCTRINAL theology - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Perseitas is the property of Revista Perseitas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Abjected Feminine as a Threat to God in César Dávila Andrade’s 'La mirada de Dios'
- Author
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Vela, Alejandra
- Subjects
Dios ,feminine body ,abyección ,César Dávila Andrade ,pureza ,impureza ,cuerpo femenino ,purity ,impurity ,hegemony ,God ,cuento ,Ecuador ,hegemonía ,short story ,abjection - Abstract
In this work, the author analyses the short story La mirada de Dios (1949) by Ecuadorian writer César Dávila Andrade, known as the Fakir. It suggests the coexistence of two forces in dispute: a feminine force represented by spaces which act as metaphors of Doña Emperatriz’ body; the other is a patriarchal force embodied by God’s gaze. The sexual relationship between the characters, Doña Emperatriz and the priest, challenges social positions, allowing them to enter into an abject feminine space where the limits imposed by power lose their strength. It uses Mary Douglas’ notions of “purity” and “impurity” extended upon by Julia Kristeva, to understand how the femenine realm is constituted in the impure and, is therefore a threat to the hegemonic system. En este trabajo la autora analiza el cuento “La mirada de Dios” (1949) del escritor ecuatoriano César Dávila Andrade, conocido como El Fakir, donde se propone que coexisten dos fuerzas en pugna: una femenina representada en los espacios, metáforas del cuerpo de doña Emperatriz; y otra fuerza patriarcal encarnada en la mirada de Dios. La relación sexual entre los personajes, doña Emperatriz y el sacerdote, cuestiona sus posiciones sociales; y esto les permite entrar en un espacio femenino abyecto donde lo establecido por el poder pierde sus límites. Se toman las nociones de “pureza” e “impureza” de Mary Douglas y ampliadas por Julia Kristeva, para entender cómo se constituye el ámbito femenino en lo impuro y, por lo tanto, en amenaza para el sistema hegemónico.
- Published
- 2020
27. Teaching the concept of purity: the role of the history and epistemology of the sciences in the development of didactic changes in a chemistry teacher in higher education
- Author
-
Paula Andrea Segura Delgado and Mosquera Suárez, Carlos Javier
- Subjects
Cambio didáctico ,Trabajo cooperativo ,Formación profesional de maestros de química ,Didactic change ,Nature of science ,Maestría en educación - Tesis y disertaciones académicas ,Cooperative work ,Naturaleza de las ciencias ,Pureza ,Química - Enseñanza superior ,Purity - Abstract
El proyecto investigativo presentó como propósito promover en un docente universitario enriquecimiento profesional a partir de un cambio didáctico, sustentado en dos líneas investigativas de la Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales. El desarrollo metodológico se sustentó en una investigación cualitativa con enfoque en investigación-acción. A través de un trabajo cooperativo, basado en el paradigma del aprendizaje internalista, se permitió: la reflexión sobre su epistemología y práctica docente, junto a la construcción y aplicación de una unidad didáctica sobre el concepto de pureza desde una visión histórica y epistemología. En los resultados se observó una evolución favorable y significativa para los indicadores propuestos en las categorías establecidas. Además de ello, se concluye que el trabajo cooperativo, es una estrategia adecuada para favorecer la formación permanente de los profesores, logrando ser una alternativa para beneficiar la construcción de conocimiento, ideas, creencias y decisiones coherentes desde las investigaciones contemporáneas de la didáctica, aparte de afirmarse que el cambio didáctico es un proceso complejo que requiere tiempo significativo y una actitud asertiva. The purpose of the research project was to promote professional enrichment in a university teacher from a didactic change, based on two research lines of Didactics of Experimental Sciences. The methodological development was based on qualitative research with a focus on action research. Through cooperative work, based on the paradigm of internalist learning, the following was allowed: reflection on its epistemology and teaching practice, together with the construction and application of a didactic unit on the concept of purity from a historical and epistemological perspective. In the results, a favorable and significant evolution was observed for the indicators proposed in the established categories. In addition to this, it is concluded that cooperative work is an adequate strategy to favor the permanent training of teachers, achieving to be an alternative to benefit the construction of knowledge, ideas, beliefs and coherent decisions from contemporary didactic investigations, apart of affirming that the didactic change is a complex process that requires significant time and an assertive attitude.
- Published
- 2020
28. Marriage and the theology of Hebrews. A theological reading of Heb 12:28–13:6 with a focus on marriag
- Author
-
Adriani Milli Rodrigues
- Subjects
exhortation ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,Hebrews ,Focus (linguistics) ,pureza ,Hebreos ,theology ,Reading (process) ,exhortación ,purity ,lcsh:B ,matrimonio ,Theology ,lcsh:Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,teología ,marriage ,media_common - Abstract
Taking into account the debate about the continuity or discontinuity in Heb 1-12 and Heb 13, with the implication of whether the hortatory material in chapter 13 is consistent with chapters 1-12 or it is a list of miscellaneous exhortations instead, this article seeks to discern connections between the concept of marriage in 13:4 with the ideas stated in 12:28-13:6. This endeavor is informed by a reading of 12:28-13:6 made in three steps. First, 12:28-29 is read as a transition for the hortatory material in chapter 13. Second, 13:1-6 is traced as a conceptual structure for the understanding of marriage in 13:4. Third, the article identifies connections of the exhortation about marriage in 13:4 with ideas developed in 12:28-29 and 13:1-6. Resumen Teniendo en cuenta el debate sobre la continuidad o discontinuidad de Heb 1-12 y Heb 13, con la implicación de si el material de la hortataria en el capítulo 13 es coherente con los capítulos 1-12 o es una lista de diversas exhortaciones, el presente artículo busca discernir las conexiones entre el concepto de matrimonio en 13: 4 con las ideas presentadas en 12: 28-13: 6. Este esfuerzo se basa en una lectura de 12: 28-13: 6 desarrollada en tres pasos. Primero, 12: 28-29 se lee como una transición para el material exhortatorio en el capítulo 13. Segundo, 13: 1-6 se delinea como una estructura conceptual para la comprensión del matrimonio en 13: 4. En tercer lugar, el artículo identifica las conexiones de la exhortación sobre el matrimonio en 13: 4 con las ideas desarrolladas en 12: 28-29 y 13: 1-6.
- Published
- 2018
29. ¿Qué es el purismo?
- Author
-
Lescasse, Marie-Églantine
- Subjects
Social Sciences and Humanities ,purism ,pureza ,attitudes towards language ,purity ,imaginaire linguistique ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Sciences Humaines et Sociales ,anthropology ,purismo ,antropología ,sentimiento de la lengua ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
El presente artículo busca echar luz sobre la mentalidad de los autores castellanos puristas de los siglos XVI y XVII, mediante el análisis de las representaciones (imágenes, metáforas, ideas) asociadas con la lengua bella y pura, en el corpus de elogios de la lengua publicado por Germán Bleiberg en 1951. Nos apoyamos en las teorías antropológicas de Mary Douglas para mostrar que los puristas llevan a cabo una forma de sacralización del idioma. Además, mostramos que se caracterizan menos por un conjunto de doctrinas explícitas que por un apego sentimental a la lengua materna, un amor superlativo e irracional. Esto se percibe a través del uso de una retórica hiperbólica, así como de las personificaciones femeninas, que erotizan a la lengua., This paper aims at shedding a new light upon Castilian purists’ psychology in the 16th and 17th centuries, thanks to the analysis of their imagery and mental representations (metaphors and ideas about pure, beautiful language). Our corpus consists of the 22 modern texts of Germán Bleiberg’s Anthology of praises of Castilian language, published in 1951. I make use of Mary Douglas’ anthropological theories to show that purists tend to sacralize Castilian language. Moreover, I show that purists don’t have a set of explicit doctrines, but are driven by a strong sentimental feeling to their maternal language, which expresses itself in terms of an irrational and powerful love, as well as of a full self-identification with their language. The use of hyperbolic rhetoric and the abundance of feminine personifications are some of the features of the erotization of Castilian.
- Published
- 2018
30. LA EDUCACIÓN DE EL DE ERUDITIONE FILIORUM NOBILIUM DE VICENTE DE BEAUVAIS (1190-1264).
- Author
-
Vergara Ciordia, Javier
- Subjects
MEDIEVAL education of women ,LEGAL status of women ,ACADEMIC discourse ,MEDIEVAL & modern Latin literature - Abstract
Copyright of Educación XX1 is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
31. Silure et PCB: deux intrus dans l’espace fluvial pour penser l’ordre naturel.
- Author
-
ARMANI, GILLES
- Abstract
Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Looking at Purity in Mexico: By-Passing the Prostitute and the Border/First World in the Film Santitos.
- Author
-
García, Ana Cruz
- Subjects
- *
FILM criticism , *STORY plots , *GEOGRAPHIC boundaries , *PURITY (Ethics) , *COUNTRIES , *FEMININITY - Abstract
The film Santitos exhibits a transnational perspective in the sense that it travels from the interiors to the periphery of the nation and subsequently to the other side of the border. The film also transgresses static categories of the female subject by focusing on the protagonist's evolution and self-discovery. Nevertheless, this article argues that this idea of showing the totality of the woman and the nation can be highly questionable considering that some parts of this 'total' are visible only in partial and limited ways, namely those of the prostitute and the geographical space of the border (Tijuana) and the First World (Los Angeles). Thus, as the result of the director's choice to present these spaces and individuals without observing them, this supposed visibility of feminine and national differences could be perceived as indifference towards anything that can ultimately endanger the presence of a pure woman and, by extension, a pure nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Between the Moor and the African: Purity and Impurity in the Earliest Portuguese Renaissance Chronicles.
- Author
-
CRUZ, ALICE
- Subjects
- *
PURITY (Philosophy) , *MODERNITY , *MUSLIMS , *SELF (Philosophy) , *OTHER (Philosophy) , *SOCIAL order - Abstract
This article makes an anthropological reading of those voices reaching us from the dawn of the Portuguese maritime expansion, through Zurara's A Crónica da Tomada de Ceuta and Cadamosto's Viagens de Luís de Cadamosto e de Pedro de Sintra. Following the interpretative approach sketched out by Mary Douglas (1991), which finds a correspondence between the cultural formulations of purity and impurity and a dialectic of social order and disorder, this article will examine, in the two works, the processes by which symbolic frontiers are erected against the threat of alterity. It will discuss on the one hand the dependence on the fabrication of the Other in the construction of the Self and on the other hand the ductility that the latter introduces into the inscription of an ontological impurity onto the former, in the substantiation of its own epistemological and political metamorphosis towards modernity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Castidad y honestidad sexual de la mujer joven en la justicia.
- Author
-
FONDEVILA, GUSTAVO
- Subjects
CHASTITY ,HUMAN sexuality ,SEX crimes ,SOCIAL psychology ,PURITY (Ethics) ,HONESTY ,SEXUAL ethics ,WOMEN'S sexual behavior ,MORAL judgment - Abstract
Copyright of Perfiles Latinoamericanos is the property of FLACSO - Mexico (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. El país maculado: declaraciones sinceras y confesiones impuras.
- Author
-
Bermúdez Barrios, Nayibe
- Subjects
- *
AUTHORS , *CUBAN authors , *PURITY (Philosophy) in literature , *POLITICAL participation ,CUBAN Revolution, 1895-1989 ,CUBAN history, 1959-1990 - Abstract
José Martí strove for a Cuba free of racism and other forms of superficial hypocrisy in both his poetry and prose. Nicolás Guillén was able to fulfill this dream though his literary and political activity by showing that all Cubans shared the same destiny. After the revolution, Guillén continued his defense against hypocrisy by attacking the excesses of the so called "quinquenio gris" (the gray five year plan) when the state tried to impose Soviet norms and practices on Cuban society. "Digo que no soy un hombre puro" is a slap in the face to the puritanism of the Brezhnev era. This article is a work of reflection based on the trajectory between Martí and Guillén and their efforts to achieve a revolution rooted in humanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
36. INCONSISTENCIAS EN EL TOTAL DE VOTOS RECIBIDOS PARA PRESIDENTE, DIPUTADOS Y MUNÍCIPES. COSTA RICA: 1978-2002.
- Author
-
Rodríguez, Óscar Hernández
- Subjects
- *
ELECTIONS , *IRREGULARITIES of distribution (Number theory) , *PRESIDENTIAL elections , *VOTING - Abstract
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the existence of inconsistencies in the number of received votes for President, Deputies and Municipal Representatives in the Costa Rican elections from 1978 to 2002. The study underlines the discrepancies in the received votes for President and Deputies. For the elections of 2002 the analysis is by 'Juntas'; for the elections of 1978 to 1998 by districts. Although our elections are well known for its high degree of purity, the inconsistencies found in our research work make us believe that the high degree of purity may be increased if additional controls are introduced within the 'Juntas Receptoras de votos'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
37. Determinación de la pureza de un nuevo producto mercurial de alta actividad bioliógica.
- Author
-
Hernández M., B., Peralta M., G., Rodríguez N., Z., and Álvarez M., S.
- Subjects
- *
BIOACTIVE compounds , *AMMONIA , *THIOCYANATES , *MUSTARD oils , *CHEMICALS - Abstract
They have been developed analytical techniques to determine an organomercurial bioactive compound that was synthesized from 3-amino-3-methylthio-(5-phenyl-[1,3,4]oxodiazol-2-yl)ethylacrilate, that presents bioactive properties. One of them is based on the potentiometric titration of the additional percloric acid that was added previously. The other technique consists on the complexometric determination of mercury with ammonia thiocyanate. They have been determined some validation parameters that prove that these techniques can be applied to the analytical control of the mentioned product. Besides they have been compared both methods statistically. As a result these techniques don't have significantly differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
38. Preconceito religioso no quotidiano dos candomblecistas em Portugal: Nacionalidade, desconhecimento e tramas sociais: Estudo de caso
- Author
-
Roldão, Ana Marta Neves and Dias, João Ferreira
- Subjects
Ciências Sociais::Sociologia [Domínio/Área Científica] ,Portugal ,Cultura afro-brasileira ,Legitimidade ,Pureza ,Autenticidade ,Religious freedom ,Candomblé ,Purity ,Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica] ,Religião ,Authenticity ,Estudo de casos ,Liberdade religiosa ,Preconceito ,Legitimacy - Abstract
Verificando o espaço social brasileiro como um cenário privilegiado na ocorrência de conflitos e perseguições, particularmente, dirigidas às religiões afro-brasileiras, a presente dissertação procura investigar a agência do preconceito em contexto português, centralizando a sua análise no universo religioso candomblecista. Assim, a partir do estudo de caso do terreiro Axé Oyá Bó MI, atento-me em responder, a partir dos testemunhos colectados, se o sacerdote (pai de santo) e restantes membros (filhos de santo) sentem preconceito, se reconhecem publicamente a filiação à religião, a quem contam, de que forma contam e que impacto isso tem nas suas relações sociais para lá do terreiro, seja no quadro da família, núcleo dos amigos e colegas de trabalho e junto da vizinhança. A análise criteriosa do tema em termos bibliográficos agregada ao desenvolvimento de entrevistas, veio solicitar ainda o aprofundamento de conceitos chave de legitimidade, autenticidade, pureza e liberdade religiosa, os quais integram grande parte dos argumentos em defesa da participação religiosa e ocupação de cargos de liderança religiosa. Deste modo, ancorando-se quer em factores de negócio, nacionalidade ou invejas e pequenas intrigas (fuxico), candomblecistas operacionalizam alianças entre si ou, pelo contrário, definem as disputas como o quadro privilegiado. Considering the Brazilian social space as a privileged scene with regard to conflicts and persecution in particular against Afro-Brazilian religions, the present dissertation aims to investigate the agency of the prejudice in the portuguese context, focusing its analysis in the religious universe of candomblé. Using as a starting point the case study of the yard (terreiro) Axé Oyá Bó Mi, I propose myself, through individual and collected testimony, to answer if the priest (Pai de Santo) or the other practitioners (Filhos de Santo) feel prejudice, if they recognize publicly their religious affiliation, to whom and in what way they speak about it, and the impact that has in their social connections beyond the yard (terreiro). ! A careful bibliographic analysis aggregated to the development of the interviews, has demanded for the deepening in key concepts as legitimacy, authenticity, purity and religious freedom, which comprise a considerable portion of the arguments in defence of religious practise and position occupation of positions within the religious leadership. Thus, anchoring in factors as business, nationality, or envy and small intrigues, candomblé practitioners either make alliances among themselves or, conversely, define their disputes as the privileged frame.
- Published
- 2019
39. Isolation of high purity monomeric anthocyanins using solid phase extraction technique
- Author
-
Pauletto, Roberson, Emanuelli, Tatiana, Bochi, Vivian Caetano, Barcia, Milene Teixeira, and Maurer, Luana Haselein
- Subjects
Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside ,Isolamento ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS [CNPQ] ,Method ,Pureza ,Pelargonidina-3-O-glicosídeo ,Purity ,Método ,Cianidina-3-O-glicosídeo ,Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside ,Isolation - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Anthocyanins are pigments of plant origin, belonging to the group of flavonoids. Their color may vary from orange-red to blue-violet. Red fruits (strawberry, blackberry, blueberries, among others) are considered rich sources in these compounds. High purity isolated anthocyanins are important in the area of laboratory analysis, being used as analytical standards and in studies that aim to verify their bioactive potential. Due to the high cost and low availability of commercial analytical standards, research has been carried out to isolate anthocyanins from plant sources. Existing anthocyanin separation and isolation techniques from plant extracts require sophisticated and costly maintenance equipment. Because of this, the present work aimed to develop a technique of purification of monomeric anthocyanins using solid phase extraction cartridges (SPE) to obtain high purity anthocyanin standard from aqueous extracts of strawberry (Fragraria x ananassa Duch) and blackberry (Rubus sp.). The methodology was based on the solid phase extraction technique with SPE C18 1g cartridges using ultrapure water and methanol (22%) gradients, both acidified with 0.35% formic acid (v/v), to obtain collection anthocyanin-rich fractions. The method exhibited great efficiency for the isolation of high purity (≥95%) pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside from aqueous extract of strawberry, isolated anthocyanin exhibiting excellent storage stability (60 days). Great efficiency was also obtained for the isolation of high purity (≥96%) cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) from blackberry extract, using the same method with some modifications. Cy3G had excellent storage stability (90 days). The method also demonstrated good reproducibility in the isolation of high purity anthocyanins when tested using different cultivars and brands of SPE cartridges. The results presented in this research demonstrate the possibility of obtaining analytical standards quickly, practically and with high purity, becoming a viable alternative for application in studies that can more accurately evaluate the effects of these anthocyanins and their mechanisms of action. Antocianinas são pigmentos de origem vegetal, pertencentes ao grupo dos flavonoides. Sua coloração pode variar do vermelho-alaranjado ao azul-violeta. As frutas vermelhas (morango, amora-preta, mirtilos, entre outras) são consideradas fontes ricas nestes compostos As antocianinas isoladas de alta pureza são importantes na área de análises laboratoriais, sendo utilizados como padrões analíticos e em estudos que visam verificar o potencial bioativo das mesmas. Devido ao elevado custo e pouca disponibilidade dos padrões analíticos comerciais, pesquisas vêm sendo realizadas visando o isolamento de antocianinas de fontes vegetais. As técnicas existentes de separação e isolamento de antocianinas a partir de extratos vegetais requerem equipamentos sofisticados e de alto custo de manutenção. Devido a isso, o presente trabalhou teve por objetivo desenvolver uma técnica de purificação de antocianinas monoméricas, utilizando cartuchos de extração em fase sólida (do inglês Solid Phase Extraction, SPE) para obter padrões de antocianinas de elevada pureza a partir de extratos aquosos de morango (Fragraria x ananassa Duch) e amora-preta (Rubus sp.). A metodologia desenvolvida utilizou a técnica de extração em fase sólida com cartuchos de SPE C18 1g e gradientes de água ultrapura e metanol (22%), ambos acidificados com 0,35% de ácido fórmico (v/v), com coleta de frações ricas em antocianinas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram grande eficiência no isolamento de pelargonidina-3-O-glicosídeo (Pg3G) do extrato aquoso do morango, com elevada pureza (≥95%), e com ótima estabilidade de armazenamento (60 dias). Também para o isolamento de cianidina-3-O-glicosídeo (Cy3G) do extrato de amora-preta, o método (com adaptações) demonstrou grande eficiência, possibilitando a obtenção de Cy3G de elevada pureza (≥96%) e ótima estabilidade no armazenamento (90 dias). O método demonstrou ainda boa reprodutibilidade no isolamento de antocianinas de elevada pureza, quando testado em diferentes cultivares e em diferentes marcas de cartuchos. Os resultados apresentados nesta pesquisa demonstram a possibilidade de obtenção de padrões analíticos de forma rápida, prática e com elevada pureza, tornando-se uma alternativa viável para aplicação em estudos que possam avaliar com mais precisão os efeitos destas antocianinas e seus mecanismos de ação.
- Published
- 2019
40. Pharmacovigilance in phytotherapy: quality of plant and phytotherapeutic drugs used in digestive diseases in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- Author
-
GONDIM, Roberta Sabrine Duarte, AMARAL, Flavia Maria Mendonça do, COUTINHO, Denise Fernandes, CARTÁGENES, Maria do Socorro de Sousa, BATISTA, Marisa Cristina Aranha, and ABREU, Afonso Gomes
- Subjects
Integrity ,Ciências da Saúde ,Controle de qualidade ,Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC ,Fármacias ,Integridade ,Quality control ,Pureza ,Autenticidade ,Purity ,Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek ,Authenticity - Abstract
Submitted by Sheila MONTEIRO (sheila.monteiro@ufma.br) on 2019-05-21T20:54:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Roberta_Sabrine_Duarte_Gondim.pdf: 1974395 bytes, checksum: 66468e540fd53dc143411ecb3c8b85fb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-21T20:54:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Roberta_Sabrine_Duarte_Gondim.pdf: 1974395 bytes, checksum: 66468e540fd53dc143411ecb3c8b85fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-25 CAPES CNPq The use of plants and/or their derived products is an important therapeutic resource being on the rise worldwide, stimulated by difficult access to health services, cultural legacy, tendency to self-medication, fads and widespread misrepresentation of the absence of side effects and contraindication. But in the analysis of the increase of the use of vegetal products for therapeutic purposes it is verified that the quality of such products is worrisome, mainly due to the problems of authenticity, purity and integrity of the vegetal raw materials which contribute to poor product quality. Whereas several plants and their derived preparations have been widely used popularly in uncertified digestive disorders; this work aims to evaluate the conditions of commercialization and quality of vegetal drugs and phytotherapeutic preparations for such disorders made available in pharmacies in the city of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Based on data from the State Pharmacy Council of the State of Maranhão, 11 pharmacies (F1 - F11) were selected to investigate marketing conditions, using semi-structured interviews with pharmacists, pharmacy owners or auxiliaries. Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek (espinheira santa) e Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. (carqueja) were identified as the most commercialized plant species. In the next step, samples of these products were obtained, in the form of capsules of the vegetal drug or the dry extract, followed by an experimental study for quality evaluation. The results allowed us to detect inadequate marketing conditions in selected pharmaceutical establishments, highlighting serious sanitary infractions. There was a difference in staining between the samples, as well as the presence of arthropods in a sample of the pharmacy identified as F1. In the evaluation of the water content, all samples had a moisture percentage above 5%. The analysis of purity and integrity of the samples showed poor quality, and the presence of the analytical marker(s) and/or active(s) defined in the specialized literature was not evidenced. Thus, the results allow us to highlight the need for greater supervision, surveillance and quality control of plant material for medicinal purposes made available for commercialization. A utilização de plantas e/ou seus produtos derivados constitui importante recurso terapêutico, estando em grande ascensão mundialmente, incentivada pelo difícil acesso aos serviços de saúde, legado cultural, tendência à automedicação, modismo e, ainda, ampla divulgação errônea da ausência de efeitos colaterais e contraindicação. Mas na análise do aumento do uso de produtos vegetais para fins terapêuticos é constatado que a qualidade de tais produtos é preocupante, principalmente decorrente aos problemas de autenticidade, pureza e integridade das matérias-primas vegetais que contribuem para produto de má qualidade. Considerando que várias plantas e suas preparações derivadas têm sido amplamente empregadas popularmente em distúrbios do aparelho digestivo sem certificação; este trabalho visa avaliar as condições de comercialização e qualidade de drogas vegetais e preparações fitoterápicas para tais distúrbios disponibilizadas em farmácias no município de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. Com base nos dados do Conselho Regional de Farmácia do Estado do Maranhão, foram selecionadas 11 farmácias (F1 - F11) para investigar as condições de comercialização, com emprego de entrevistas semiestruturadas aos farmacêuticos, proprietários ou auxiliares de farmácias. Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek (espinheira santa) e Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. (carqueja) foram identificadas como as espécies vegetais mais comercializadas para doenças do aparelho digestivo. Em etapa seguinte foram adquiridas amostras desses produtos, na forma de cápsulas da droga vegetal ou do extrato seco, seguido de estudo experimental para a avaliação da qualidade. Os resultados permitiram evidenciarmos condições inadequadas de comercialização nos estabelecimentos farmacêuticos selecionados com destaque a graves infrações sanitárias. Foi constatada diferença de coloração entre as amostras, bem como a presença de artrópodes em amostra da farmácia identificada como F1. Na avaliação do teor de água, todas as amostras estavam com percentual de umidade acima de 5%. A avaliação de integridade das amostras comprovou má qualidade, sem constatação da presença do marcador analítico na amostra de carqueja do estabelecimento F1. Assim, os resultados permitem evidenciarmos a necessidade de maior fiscalização, vigilância e controle de qualidade do material vegetal para fins medicinais disponibilizados para comercialização.
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- 2019
41. Análisis ético-político de los espaciamientos cognitivos, morales y estéticos
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Girado-Sierra, Jesús
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biopolitica ,us ,pureza ,biopolicts ,espaciamiento ,purity ,spacing ,immunization ,inmunización ,nosotros - Abstract
Resumen: Este artículo presenta un análisis ético-político del fenómeno de discriminación como consecuencia de lo que Bauman llama espaciamientos sociales (cognitivos, morales y estéticos), explorando además las consecuencias biopolíticas que se derivan de estos. El soporte filosófico ha sido estructurado a partir de autores como Rorty, Walzer, Simmel, Nussbaum y Esposito, recurriendo al diálogo interdisciplinar con horizontes teóricos como los de la antropología social y la sociología. El aporte significativo de este texto está en que profundiza y amplía desde la filosofía la teoría de los espaciamientos sociales, recurriendo a conceptos como círculo del nosotros, fantasía de pureza, conciencia de inadecuación y experiencia emocional. Abstract: This paper presents an ethical-political analysis of the phenomenon of discrimination because of what Bauman calls social spacing (cognitive, moral and aesthetic), also exploring the biopolitical consequences derived from these. The philosophical support has been structured from authors like Rorty, Walzer, Simmel, Nussbaum and Esposito, resorting to interdisciplinary dialogue with theoretical horizons such as those of social anthropology and sociology. The significant contribution of this text is that it deepens and broadens the theory of social spacing from philosophy, using concepts such as circle of us, fantasy of purity, awareness of inadequacy, and emotional experience.
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- 2019
42. Ethical-political analysis of cognitive, moral and aesthetic spaces
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Jesús Girado-Sierra
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biopolitica ,biopolítica ,Us ,Cognition ,Purity ,Philosophy ,Politics ,Aesthetics ,pureza ,espaciamiento ,Biopolitics ,Immunization ,Psychology ,Spacin ,inmunización ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,nosotros - Abstract
13 páginas This paper presents an ethical-political analysis of the phenomenon of discrimination because of what Bauman calls social spacing (cognitive, moral and aesthetic), also exploring the biopolitical consequences derived from these. The philosophical support has been structured from authors like Rorty, Walzer, Simmel, Nussbaum and Esposito, resorting to interdisciplinary dialogue with theoretical horizons such as those of social anthropology and sociology. The significant contribution of this text is that it deepens and broadens the theory of social spacing from philosophy, using concepts such as circle of us, fantasy of purity, awareness of inadequacy, and emotional experience. Este artículo presenta un análisis ético-político del fenómeno de discriminación como consecuencia de lo que Bauman llama espaciamientos sociales (cognitivos, morales y estéticos), explorando además las consecuencias biopolíticas que se derivan de estos. El soporte filosófico ha sido estructurado a partir de autores como Rorty, Walzer, Simmel, Nussbaum y Esposito, recurriendo al diálogo interdisciplinar con horizontes teóricos como los de la antropología social y la sociología. El aporte significativo de este texto está en que profundiza y amplía desde la filosofía la teoría de los espaciamientos sociales, recurriendo a conceptos como círculo del nosotros, fantasía de pureza, conciencia de inadecuación y experiencia emocional.
- Published
- 2019
43. A importância do controle de qualidade de culturas utilizadas em ensaios biológicos e no desenvolvimento de pesquisas na área de saúde
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Folgueras-Flatschart, Aurea Valadares, Gomes, Bruno Cosme, Leve, Fernanda, and Boldrini, Leonardo da Cunha
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Reprodutibilidade ,Cell Lines ,Linhagens Celulares ,Pureza ,Autenticidade ,Purity ,Authenticity ,Reproducibility - Abstract
Introduction: Advances in scientific research are based on previously published findings. However,there is concern about the lack of reproducibility in the biological researches in basic and preclinical areas, due to the repercussion on the population´s health. Because in vitro cultured cells are the basis for many toxicological and therapeutic studies, concern about their quality becomes paramount. Regarding microbiological contaminants, although bacteria and fungi are easily recognized, viruses and mycoplasmas are invisible under light microscopy. Another delicate issue would be the results generated with cells with modified identity. Objective: To discuss the main methodologies for assuring the quality of cells used in in vitro assays and to demonstrate how some world collections are structured to address this issue. Method: The scientific literature in the PubMed and Scielo databases and the webpage of different biological collections until December 2017. Results: It is recommended to apply the following techniques to detect contaminants in cell cultures: 1) virus : PCR and viral isolation; 2) mycoplasmas: PCR,bioluminescence and staining of cells with DNA affinity fluorophore; 3) human cell identity: the STR; 4) non-human cell identity: the Barcode. Conclusions: Considering all the investment applied in scientific research worldwide, the development of new methodologies alternatives to the use of animals and the critical consensus of the concept of quality, it is concluded that any laboratory should guarantee the control of purity and authenticity of its lineages. Introdução: Avanços na pesquisa científica baseiam-se nas descobertas previamente publicadas. Entretanto, há preocupação com a falta de reprodutibilidade nas pesquisas biológicas das áreas básica e pré-clínica, em função da repercussão na saúde da população. Como células cultivadas in vitro constituem a base para muitos estudos toxicológicos e terapêuticos, a preocupação com a qualidade destas torna-se primordial. Com relação aos contaminantes microbiológicos, embora bactérias e fungos sejam facilmente reconhecidos, vírus e micoplasmas são invisíveis na microscopia óptica. Outro problema delicado seriam os resultados gerados com células com identidade modificada. Objetivo: Discutir as principais metodologias para a garantia da qualidade de células utilizadas em ensaios in vitro e demonstrar como algumas coleções mundiais estão estruturadas para tratar esta questão. Método: Levantamento da literatura científica nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo e na página da web de diferentes coleções biológicas até dezembro de 2017. Resultados: Recomenda-se a aplicação das seguintes técnicas para detecção de contaminantes em cultivos celulares: 1) vírus: o PCR e o isolamento viral; 2) micoplasmas: o PCR, a bioluminescência e a coloração das células com fluoróforo com afinidade ao DNA; 3) identidade de células humanas: o STR; 4) identidade de células não humanas: o Barcode. Conclusões: Considerando todo o investimento aplicado em pesquisa científica em âmbito mundial, o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias alternativas ao uso de animais e o consenso crítico do conceito de qualidade, conclui-se que qualquer laboratório deve garantir o controle de pureza e autenticidade de suas linhagens.
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- 2018
44. Quality parametres of four types of formulations based on Trichoderma asperellum and Purpuricillium lilacinum
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William Viera, Michelle Noboa, Johana Bermeo, Francisco Báez, and Trevor Jackson
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Trichoderma ,concentration ,pureza ,viabilidad ,viability ,purity ,Trichoderma, Purpureocillium, viability, purity, concentration ,Purpureocillium ,concentración - Abstract
The genus Trichoderma and to a lesser extent Purpureocillium, have been studied extensively for their properties as beneficial microorganisms and their effectiveness in disease control. However, biological efficacy is not the only parameter considered when formulating a microorganism; viability, purity and concentration in the formulation are important characteristics to ensure success in the field. The aim of this study was to access different types of formulations (granules, powders, liquids) to record their behavior over time, using the variables viability, concentration and purity to select best formulations based on these parameters. As a result, it was obtained that the bioformulates based on T. asperellum showed greater stability during storage, with dry solid formulations being more stable in comparison with liquid products. In terms of the P. lilacinum formulations, it was observed that the presentation of wettable powders showed the highest concentration and stability over the time., El género Trichoderma y en menor grado Purpureocillium, han sido estudiados ampliamente por sus propiedades como microorganismos benéficos y su eficacia en el control de enfermedades. Sin embargo, la eficacia biológica, no es el único parámetro que se considera al momento de formular un microorganismo; la viabilidad, la pureza y la concentración en la formulación, son características importantes para asegurar el éxito en campo. El propósito de este estudio fue probar distintos tipos de formulaciones (gránulos, polvos, líquidos) registrar su comportamiento en el tiempo, utilizando las variables viabilidad, concentración y pureza para seleccionar las mejores formulaciones en función de estos parámetros. Como resultado se obtuvo que los bioformulados a base de T. asperellum presentaron mayor estabilidad durante el almacenamiento, siendo más estables las formulaciones sólidas secas en comparación con los productos líquidos. En los formulados para P. lilacinum, se observó que la presentación de polvos mojables mostró la concentración y la estabilidad más alta en el tiempo.
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Effects of processing phases on the quality of massai grass seeds
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Lilian Faria de Melo, Francisco Elder Carlos Bezerra Pereira, Tatiane Sanches Jeromini, Givanildo Zildo da Silva, and Cibele Chalita Martins
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0106 biological sciences ,Soil Science ,Pureza ,Germination ,Forage ,Horticulture ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Water content ,Panicum maximum ,Mathematics ,biology ,Germinação ,Sowing ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Purity ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Accelerated aging ,Seedling ,Vigor ,Shoot ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Panicum ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Massai grass is an important tropical forage grass. The harvested seeds upon being received by the company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical and physiological quality of massai grass (Panicum maximum x P. infestum, cv. Massai) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; and second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological quality (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the field, speed of emergence index, and primary root length, shoot length). Massai grass seeds had their physical and physiological qualities improved when they were processed by an air and screen machine and a gravity table. Seeds from the intermediate discharge spout of the first gravity table, after going through the air and screen machine, are those of with highest physiological potential. The seeds of this species do not need to be processed to fit the germination and purity standards when the national market is the goal. RESUMO O capim-massai é uma importante gramínea forrageira tropical e suas sementes ao serem recebidas pelas empresas, após a colheita realizada por varredura no chão, contém impurezas cuja remoção é realizada por máquinas de beneficiamento. Este procedimento é necessário para a obtenção de sementes dentro dos padrões de qualidade para a comercialização e a semeadura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de capim-massai (Panicum maximum x P. infestum, cv. Massai) visando à comercialização. As sementes foram amostradas antes do processamento e após a saída da máquina de ventilador e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira mesa gravitacional (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária), máquina tratadora e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior, intermediária e inferior). Sendo avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, qualidade física (pureza e peso de mil sementes) e fisiológica (germinação, primeira contagem, classificação do vigor de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, emergência de plântulas em campo, índice de velocidade de emergência e comprimento da raiz primária e da parte aérea de plântulas). O beneficiamento de sementes na máquina de ar e peneiras e mesa gravitacional aprimorou a qualidade física e fisiológica do lote de sementes de capim-massai. A semente de maior potencial fisiológico é obtida na descarga intermediária da primeira mesa gravitacional procedida pelo processamento na máquina de ventilador e peneiras. Para esta espécie o beneficiamento não é necessário para atender os requisitos de pureza e germinação estabelecidos pelos padrões para a comercialização nacional de sementes.
- Published
- 2018
46. Optimización de sustratos para la producción de conidias de trichoderma harzianum por fermentación sólida en la Region de san Martin Perú
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Enrique Arévalo, Betsabe Leon, Erick Trigoso, Mar Gárate, Bomfim Costa, José Cayotopa, and Delmar Olivera
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0106 biological sciences ,Entera ,biology ,Chemistry ,rice ,Trichoderma harzianum ,antagonist ,Rice grain ,biology.organism_classification ,germinación ,01 natural sciences ,010602 entomology ,Horticulture ,germination ,multiplicación ,pureza ,Germination ,antagonista ,purity ,arroz ,Multiplication ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Resumen Con la finalidad de optimizar sustratos alternativos al grano de arroz entero de buena calidad para la produccion de conidias de Trichoderma harzianum , se realizo mezclas de residuos agricolas (cascarilla de arroz entera, cascarilla de arroz molida, cascara de mani) con arroz triturado de descarte conocido como Nelen y fuentes nutritivas como agua, urea y carbonato de calcio (CaCo 3 ) para seleccionar el mejor sustrato en el que se obtenga la mayor cantidad de conidias viables bajo un diseno completamente al azar, con 14 tratamientos y tres repeticiones. La produccion se realizo en dos fases: produccion de inoculo mediante fermentacion liquida y produccion masiva de conidias por fermentacion solida. Se evaluo el numero de conidias por gramo de sustrato, porcentaje de germinacion y pureza. La produccion de conidias de T. harzianum fue superior a 1x10 10 conidias. g -1 de sustrato en los residuos agricolas que fueron mezclados con Nelen, superando estadisticamente al sustrato convencional (arroz entero). La mayor concentracion de conidias se dio en el tratamiento T7 (Cascarilla de arroz entera + Nelen) seguido de T8 (Cascarilla de arroz molida + Nelen) y T9 (Cascara de mani + Nelen) enriquecidos con urea. Asimismo, el porcentaje de germinacion de conidias de T. harzianum mostro niveles superiores al 85%, siendo los tratamientos enriquecidos con agua con valores de germinacion ≥ 90 %. Por consiguiente, todos los tratamientos presentaron 100% de pureza, lo cual indica que son aceptados por las normas de calidad y representan una mejor opcion para la produccion de este hongo. Palabras clave: multiplicacion, antagonista, arroz, germinacion, pureza. OPTIMIZATION OF SUBSTRATES FOR CONIDIA PRODUCTION OF Trichoderma harzianum BY SOLID FERMENTATION IN THE REGION OF SAN MARTIN. PERU. Abstract In order to optimize alternative substrates to whole rice grain of good quality for the production of Trichoderma harzianum conidia, mixtures of agricultural residues (rice husks whole, rice husks crushed and peanut husks) were carried out with crushed rice Known as Nelen and nutrient sources such as water, urea and calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ) to select the best substrate in which to obtain the largest number of viable conidia under a completely random design, with 14 treatments and three replicates. The production was carried out in two phases; production of inoculum by liquid fermentation and massive production of conidia by solid fermentation. The number of conidia per gram of substrate, percentage of germination and purity was evaluated. The production of conidia of T. harzianum was superior to 1x10 10 conidia. g -1 substrate in the agricultural residues that were mixed with Nelen, statistically surpassing the conventional substrate (whole rice grain). The highest concentration of conidia was in the treatment T7 (whole rice husk + Nelen) continued T8 (ground rice husk + Nelen) and T9 (peanut shell + Nelen) enriched with urea. Likewise, germination percentage of T. harzianum conidia showed levels higher than 85%, being the treatments enriched with water with values of germination ≥ 90%. Therefore, all treatments were 100% pure, indicating that they are accepted by quality standards and represent a better option for the production of this fungus. Keywords: Multiplication, antagonist, rice, germination, purity.
- Published
- 2017
47. Beneficiamento na qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de capim-mombaça
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Lilian Faria de Melo, Cibele Chalita Martins, Givanildo Zildo da Silva, João Eduardo Brandão Boneti, Roberval Daiton Vieira, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- Subjects
Gramíneas forrageiras ,Germinação ,Germination ,Pureza ,Processing ,Purity ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Forrage grasses ,Vigour ,Processamento ,Vigor ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Panicum maximum - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-12T17:27:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-12-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T17:51:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1806-66902016000400667.pdf: 101947 bytes, checksum: fee00d7f684d2519c64665228711c29a (MD5) RESUMO A semente recebida pelas empresas de gramíneas forrageiras, após a colheita, contém impurezas cuja remoção é realizada por máquinas de beneficiamento. Este procedimento é necessário para a obtenção de sementes dentro dos padrões de qualidade para a comercialização e a semeadura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, visando à comercialização. As sementes foram amostradas antes do processamento e após a saída da máquina de ventilador e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira mesa gravitacional (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária), máquina tratadora e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior, intermediária e inferior). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, qualidade física (pureza e peso de mil sementes) e fisiológica (germinação, primeira contagem, classificação do vigor de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de plântulas, emergência de plântulas em campo e índice de velocidade de emergência). O beneficiamento de sementes, na máquina de ar e peneiras e mesa gravitacional é eficiente para o aprimoramento da qualidade física e fisiológica do lote de sementes de P. maximum cv. Mombaça. Para esta espécie o beneficiamento é necessário para atender os requisitos de pureza e germinação estabelecidos pelos padrões de comercialização nacional de sementes. ABSTRACT Seeds received by forage-grass companies after harvesting contain impurities which are removed by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to obtain seeds which are within the standards of quality for marketing and sowing. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the processing stages on the physical and physiological quality of seeds of guinea grass cv. Mombasa (Panicum maximum), with a view to marketing. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air screen machine (output from the upper, intermediate and bottom screens), first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate output), treating machine, and second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower output). The seeds were evaluated for water content, physical quality (purity and thousand-seed weight) and physiological quality (germination, first count, classification of seedling vigour, accelerated ageing, seedling length, seedling emergence in the field, and speed of emergence index). Seed processing in the air and screen machine and the gravity table is efficient in improving the physical and physiological quality of the lots of P. maximum cv. Mombasa seed. For this species, processing is necessary to meet the demands for purity and germination established by the Brazilian standards for seed marketing. Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Produção Vegetal Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Produção Vegetal
- Published
- 2016
48. Physical and physiological attributes of oat black seeds
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Carbonera, Roberto, Nunes, Ubirajara Russi, Lúcio, Alessandro Dal col, Fernandes, Sandra Beatriz Vicenci, Silva, Gustavo Martins da, and Acosta, Adão da Silva
- Subjects
Avena strigosa (Schreb.) ,Multicolinearidade ,Grouping ,Germinação ,Agrupamento ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA [CNPQ] ,Pureza ,Germination ,Purity ,Multicollinearity ,Correlações ,Correlation - Abstract
Forage crops practice an important role in animal production in southern Brazil. Among the species, oat stands out due to its higher crop area in winter, occupying an area of 3.8 million hectares in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. For their proper planting and establishment, seeds are produced which must contain high standards of quality, which is measured by analytical laboratories. Given this, the present study aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological attributes of oat seeds, associating quality seeds to the production profile and the possible effects caused by meteorological factors. Was also designed to identify the variables that correlate with the percentage of pure seed and seedling emergence, identify the presence of multicollinearity, the most important variables in relation to the main dependent variable, percentage of normal seedlings, and group the samples for their degrees of similarity. 2,910 samples were assessed, 2,229 seed analysis derived from the seed production process, 357 analyzes for own use of seeds and 324 analyzes tetrazolium analyzed by the laboratory of the UNIJUÍ Agronomy Course seeds, following the methodology described in the rules seed analysis. The results were submitted to analysis of descriptive statistics, the dispersion of the data, the Pearson linear correlation coefficients were estimated, the diagnosis of multicollinearity, the direct and indirect effects through path analysis and grouping between samples. The seeds produced according to the national seed and seedling system showed excellent levels of physical and physiological quality in the years 2006 to 2010. Between 2011- 2014, 14 and 14.5% of the seeds have been compromised by the presence of other seed species cultivated and tolerated harmful, respectively. The proper use of seeds showed wide variability with 18.1 and 31.7% of samples below the standard for germination in the years 2006 to 2010 and 2011-2014, respectively, while the samples analyzed by the tetrazolium test showed disapproval levels 19.4 and 12.5%, respectively. It is noteworthy that the seed quality is related to the years with levels of rainfall and temperatures appropriate to the vegetative development, physiological maturity and harvest. The variable normal seedlings showed the highest correlation, a negative sign with dead seeds. Abnormal seedlings variables and dead seeds showed the highest direct effects on germination percentage, negative sign and cluster analysis revealed the existence of three similarity groups of seeds produced according to the national system of seed plants and four groups in seed own use. As plantas forrageiras desempenham importante papel na produção animal na Região Sul do Brasil. Dentre as espécies, a aveia preta se destaca por apresentar maior área de cultivo no inverno, ocupando uma área de 3,8 milhões de hectares no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a sua adequada semeadura e estabelecimento, são produzidas sementes que devem conter elevados padrões de qualidade, que é aferida por laboratórios de análise. Frente a isso, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivos avaliar os atributos físicos e fisiológicos de sementes de aveia preta, associar a qualidade de sementes ao perfil de produção e aos possíveis efeitos provocados por fatores meteorológicos. Visou, ainda, identificar as variáveis que se correlacionam com a porcentagem de sementes puras e a emergência de plântulas, identificar a presença de multicolinearidade, as variáveis mais importantes em relação à variável dependente principal, porcentagem de plântulas normais, e agrupar a amostras por seus graus de parecença. Foram avaliadas 2.910 amostras, sendo 2.229 análises de sementes oriundas do processo de produção de sementes, 357 análises de sementes de uso próprio e 324 análises de tetrazólio analisadas pelo laboratório de análise de sementes do Curso de Agronomia da UNIJUÍ, seguindo a metodologia descrita nas regras de análise de sementes. Os resultados foram submetidos às análises de estatísticas descritivas, à dispersão dos dados, foram estimados os coeficientes de correlação linear de Pearson, o diagnóstico de multicolinearidade, os efeitos diretos e indiretos através da análise de trilha e o agrupamento entre as amostras. As sementes produzidas segundo o sistema nacional de sementes e mudas apresentaram excelentes níveis de qualidade física e fisiológica nos anos de 2006 a 2010. Entre os anos de 2011 a 2014, 14 e 14,5% das sementes foram comprometidas pelas presenças de outras sementes de espécies cultivadas e de nocivas toleradas, respectivamente. As sementes de uso próprio apresentaram ampla variabilidade com 18,1 e 31,7% de amostras abaixo dos padrão para germinação nos anos de 2006 a 2010 e 2011 a 2014, respectivamente, enquanto que as amostras analisadas pelo teste de tetrazólio apresentaram níveis de reprovação de 19,4 e 12,5 %, respectivamente. Destaca-se que a qualidade fisiológica das sementes está relacionada aos anos com níveis de precipitações e temperaturas adequadas ao desenvolvimento vegetativo, maturidade fisiológica e colheita. A variável plântulas normais apresentou maior correlação, de sinal negativo, com sementes mortas. As variáveis plântulas anormais e sementes mortas apresentaram os maiores efeitos diretos sobre porcentagem de germinação, de sinal negativo e a análise de agrupamento revelou a existência de três grupos de parecença em sementes produzidas segundo o sistema nacional de sementes mudas e de quatro grupos em sementes de uso próprio.
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- 2016
49. Effects of processing phases in the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of guinea grass seeds
- Author
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Melo, Lilian Faria de [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Martins, Cibele Chalita [UNESP]
- Subjects
Processamento ,Vigor ,Germinação ,Pureza ,Germination ,Seed pathology ,Processing ,Purity ,Patologia de sementes ,Panicum maximum - Abstract
Submitted by Lilian Faria de Melo null (lilianfariamelo@gmail.com) on 2016-08-08T12:46:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TesedoutoradoLilian2.pdf: 1827398 bytes, checksum: bca69e9f5c6abff675181a1a2de9d1ec (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-08-09T17:07:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 melo_lf_dr_jabo.pdf: 1827398 bytes, checksum: bca69e9f5c6abff675181a1a2de9d1ec (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-09T17:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 melo_lf_dr_jabo.pdf: 1827398 bytes, checksum: bca69e9f5c6abff675181a1a2de9d1ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-08 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) As sementes de gramíneas forrageiras recebidas pelas empresas após a colheita contêm impurezas cuja remoção é realizada por máquinas de beneficiamento. Este procedimento é necessário para a obtenção de sementes dentro dos padrões de qualidade para a comercialização e a semeadura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai. As sementes foram amostradas antes do processamento e após a saída da máquina de ar e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira mesa gravitacional (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária), máquina tratadora e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior, intermediária e inferior). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, qualidade física (pureza e peso de mil sementes), fisiológica (germinação, primeira contagem, classificação do vigor de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de plântulas, emergência de plântulas em campo e índice de velocidade de emergência) e sanitária (Blotter Test). O beneficiamento de sementes na máquina de ar e peneiras e mesa gravitacional é eficiente para o aprimoramento da qualidade física dos lotes das três cultivares de Panicum maximum e fisiológica somente para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai. O tratamento das sementes de Panicum maximum cultivar Tanzânia com tinta corante reduz a velocidade de emergência de plântulas em campo. Tendo como referência os padrões de comercialização nacional de sementes, o beneficiamento é necessário somente para o lote da cultivar Mombaça, para atender aos requisitos de pureza. Os fungos encontrados nas sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai durante o beneficiamento foram: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cercospora sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. e Rhizopus sp.. Foi encontrado também para a cultivares Tanzânia e Mombaça o fungo Rhizoctonia sp., Microspora sp., Pyrenochaeta sp. para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai, e Nigrospora sp. somente para a cultivar Massai. Esses fungos encontram-se alojados interna e externamente nas sementes e podem ser disseminados pelas máquinas de beneficiamento. Algumas etapas de beneficiamento são capazes de reduzir parcialmente a incidência de alguns fungos. The harvested seeds upon being received by the forage grass company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical, physiological and physiological quality of guinea grass cv. Tânzania, Mombaça and Massai (Panicum maximum) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical quality (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, primary root length, aerial part length, seedling emergence in the field, and speed of emergence index). The sanitary test was conducted according to the filter paper method (Blotter test) with the seeds being superficially disinfested. The processing of seeds in the air screen cleaner and gravity table is effective to improve the physical quality of batches of three cultivars of Panicum maximum and physiological only for Mombaça and Massai cultivars. Seed treatment with dye ink reduces the speed of emergence seedling field. With reference to the national marketing standards of seeds, processing is only necessary to cv. Mombaça to meet the purity requirements. Fungi found in the seeds of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Mombaça and Massai during processing were Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cercospora sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. and Rhizopus sp. It was also found for the cultivars Tanzania and Mombaça fungus Rhizoctonia sp., Microspora sp., Pyrenochaeta sp. for Mombaça and Massai cultivars and Nigrospora sp. only to cultivate Massai. These fungi are internal and externally housed in the seeds and are disseminated by the processing machines. Some processing steps are able to partially reduce the incidence of some fungi.
- Published
- 2016
50. Qualidade de sementes de soja convencional e Roundup Ready (RR), produzida para consumo próprio e comercial
- Author
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Melo, Dirceu de, Brandão, William Terroso de Mendonça, Nóbrega, Lúcia Helena Pereira, and Werncke, Ivan
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,teste de vigor ,01 natural sciences ,purity ,Dry matter ,Cultivar ,Water content ,biology ,Moisture ,germinação ,sistema de produção ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,production system ,biology.organism_classification ,Accelerated aging ,vigor test ,Horticulture ,germination ,Seedling ,Germination ,pureza ,Shoot ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The guarantee of seeds with high vigor and good quality is the most important characteristic for the success in soybean cropping. Seeds with low vigor may show some difficulty on germination and field emergence, mainly under adverse conditions, such as moisture deficiency or low temperatures. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the physiological potential of Roundup Ready (RR) and conventional soybean seeds, 'saved' by a farmer as well as commercial seeds. Nevertheless, some farmers, in an attempt to reduce production costs, have already separated cropped grains produced to be used as seeds and it has been increasingly common. So, this trial aimed at evaluating the physiological potential of Roundup Ready soybean seeds with conventional seeds, and compare the 'saved' seeds, produced by a farmer with commercial seeds. The seeds were characterized in the laboratory (purity, mass of thousand seeds and moisture content). Vigor (accelerated aging, cold test and electrical conductivity test), germination test, emergence on sand, emergence speed index, seedling growth, roots and shoots length of seedlings as well as fresh and dry matter were determined. It was possible to identify that the commercial seeds showed higher purity when compared to the saved ones. Plots of conventional cultivars showed higher physiological potential, and there was no difference concerning the vigor between the saved seeds and commercial ones., A garantia de sementes com elevado vigor e boa qualidade é fundamental para o sucesso de qualquer cultura. Sementes com baixo vigor podem apresentar dificuldades na germinação e emergência em campo, sob condições não favoráveis, como a falta de umidade ou baixas temperaturas. Portanto, os produtores, na tentativa de reduzir custos de produção, têm separado grãos da safra produzida para serem utilizados como sementes e isso tem sido cada vez mais frequente. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja Roundup Ready com sementes convencionais, e comparar sementes salvas, produzidas por um produtor com sementes comerciais. As sementes foram caracterizadas em laboratório (pureza, massa de mil sementes e teor de água), submetidas a testes de vigor (envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio e condutividade elétrica), teste de germinação, emergência em areia, índice de velocidade de emergência, crescimento de plântulas, comprimento de raízes e parte aérea das plântulas e matéria fresca e seca. Foi possível identificar maior pureza nas sementes comerciais do que nas sementes salvas. Os lotes das cultivares convencionais apresentaram potencial fisiológico superior às cultivares de soja Roundup Ready, porém, entre as sementes salvas e comerciaisnão houve diferença quanto ao vigor.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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