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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory autoimmune condition, presents a substantial challenge to public health. Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. (D. dasycarpus) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties and is increasingly being utilized as a potential anti-RA agent, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear., Aim of the Study: The objective of this research is to elucidate the potential active components and therapeutic properties of D. dasycarpus in experimental RA-induced DBA/1J mice, and to uncover the pharmacological basis of its action., Materials and Methods: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was employed to ascertain the specificity of interactions between protein targets and D. dasycarpus active ingredients for treating RA. The extract of D. dasycarpus was obtained by HP-20 microresin column chromatography, and its chemical composition was assessed using UPLC-Orbitrap-MS. This study utilized a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model for in vivo experimentation. Body weight, foot thickness measurements, arthritis scores, immune organ index, and serum antibody levels of mice were used as indicators to evaluate the effects of D. dasycarpus components in treating RA. The serum levels of inflammatory factors in mice were measured using a cytokine antibody microarray assay. Additionally, this study quantified the protein expression levels associated with inflammatory responses through a combination of immunohistochemical staining and western blotting analyses., Results: This research investigated the interaction between D. dasycarpus active components and target proteins, including PTPN14, using a BIACORE system. The screened active components were identified as alkaloids through mass spectrometry. The UPLC-Orbitrap-MS analysis revealed that alkaloids were the predominant constituents in the 60% EtOH extract of D. dasycarpus. Alkaloid components significantly reduced the arthritis index, foot swelling, and serum antibody levels of IgG1, IgG 2a, and IgG 2b in CIA mice. Histological staining results indicated that alkaloid components mitigate disease exacerbations in CIA mice. Bioinformatics analysis and protein level detection results show that the therapeutic mechanism of D. dasycarpus in managing RA could be attributed to the suppression of the IL-17 signaling pathway., Conclusion: This study was based on clarifying the therapeutic effect of D. dasycarpus on RA, identifies its effective chemical components as alkaloids. It systematically elucidates the pharmacological mechanisms of alkaloids in treating RA, thereby laying a crucial theoretical foundation for further exploration of the active constituents of D. dasycarpus., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing financial interests., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Nine compounds were isolated and identified from ethanolic extracts of Saposhnikovia divaricata , including one new alkaloid ( 1 ), one new pentacyclic triterpenoid ( 9 ), and seven known alkaloids ( 2 - 8 ). Structural elucidation of compounds 1 and 9 was established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra referring to the literature, together with high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. All compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against two cancer cell lines (LN229, A549) in vitro . Compounds ( 1 - 9 ) showed no significant antiproliferative activity., (© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.)

Two new ecdysteroids 14-epi-polypodine B (1) and 22-oxo-hydroxyecdysterone (2), along with nine known compounds, polypodine B (3), viticosterone E (4), 20-hdroxyecdysone-2-acetate (5), 22-oxo-20-hydroxyecdysone (6), 5-hydroxyecdysone (7), pinnatasterone (8), 3-epi-20-hydroxyecdysone (9), ecdysterone (10) and stachysterone B (11), were isolated from the aerial parts of Paris verticillata. The structures of all compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations and ANN-PRA/DP4 + probability analysis. Among them, the absolute configuration of compound 1 and 2 was unambiguous determined by ECD. Also, the isolated compounds were assessed for their cytotoxic activities. Compounds 2, 3 and 7 exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against PC12, LN299 and SMCC7721 cells., (© 2021 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)

Two new phenylpropanoids, 4-O-(1''-O-cis-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyran osyl-1-allyl-3-methoxy-benzene (1), 4'-O-(1''-O-cis-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyranosyl-hydroxymegastigm-4-en-3-one (2), together with nine known compounds were obtained from the leaves of Solanum capsicoides. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods, and comparing spectral data with those in literature. Meanwhile, their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated on (LPS)-induced RAW 246.7 cells, and 1, 9, and 10 showed better inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 17.19 ± 1.12, 18.15 ± 0.47, and 19.8 ± 0.95 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new aromatic glycoside (1) and twelve (2–13) known aromatic glycosides were isolated from the n-butyl alcohol of the 70% EtOH extract of the aerial part of Bupleurum chinense. Among them, compounds 4–7, 9, 11–13 were isolated from Umbelliferae plants for the first time. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopy, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 6 and 10 showed moderate cytotoxic activities on MGC-803 cell lines with IC50 values of 8.63 ± 0.08 and 13.65 ± 1.73 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new ent-kaurane diterpenoid, named kaurane daturoside A (1), was isolated from the 70%-EtOH extract of dried pericarps of Datura metel L., along with six known terpenoids, 16α,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-diglycoside (2), cyclosieversioside F (3), astragaloside II (4), ginsenoside Rg1 (5), astrojanoside A (6), celerioside E (7). The isolated structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analyses, and the compounds 2, 3, 7 were separated from Solanaceae for the first time. Meanwhile, among isolates, compounds 2 and 5 exhibited anti-inflammatory activities against LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells (IC50<11.00 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new (1-2) and three known quinic acid derivatives (3-5) were isolated from the leaves of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz) Baill. The structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, especially the NMR techniques, and also by comparison with reported data in the literature. The cytotoxicity activities of these compounds were evaluated on human tumor cell lines LN229 and three of them showed a certain activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aerial parts of Bupleurum Chinense DC. aromatic oil (BAO) were a well-known Chinese herbal medicine plant extract used to treat epilepsy. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of BAO on kainic acid- (KA-) induced epileptic rats and the possible mechanism of its antiepileptic effect. The composition and content of BAO were analyzed by GC-MS, and BAO was administered orally to alleviate the epileptic behavior induced by KA brain injection. The behavior of epileptic rats was determined by Racine grading criteria. And hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, Elisa, Western blot, and other methods were used to study the antiepileptic mechanism of BAO, and the possible mechanism was verified by the epileptic cell model of hippocampal neurons induced by the low-Mg2+ extracellular fluid. BAO was mainly composed of terpenoids and aliphatic compounds. And BAO could improve KA-induced epilepsy-like behavior, neuroinflammation, and neurotransmitter abnormalities in the hippocampus. Furthermore, BAO could regulate the expression of GABA, NMDAR1, Notch1, and MAP2 to improve the symptoms of epilepsy. These results were also validated at the cellular level. These results indicated that BAO could alleviate the epilepsy-like behavior through the action of the Notch/NMDAR/GABA pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eight new steroids, designated mantuoluosides A-H (1–8), were obtained from the enrichment of steroids of the Datura stramonium L. using HPD-BJQH macroporous resin. Their respective structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods and comparison data with literature. The anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were evaluated on (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells with inhibition ratio. It was found that most isolates showed potential anti-inflammatory activity with varying degrees of inhibition rate in a concentration-dependent manner at non-cytotoxic concentrations. [Display omitted] • Eight new steroids, mantuoluosides A-H, were isolated from Datura stramonium L. • The new structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. • All steroids exhibited NO inhibitory activities in a concentration-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirteen new withanolide aglycones, baimantuoluolines L-X (1 – 13) and one new withanolide glycoside, baimantuoluoside J (14) were isolated from Datura metel L. flowers. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by the detailed analysis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques and mass spectrometry, together with the closely related literatures. Meanwhile, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their immunosuppressive activities against mice splenocyte proliferation and antiproliferative activities against human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (SGC-7901), human hepatoma (HepG2), and human breast cancer (MCF-7) in vitro. It was found that compounds 1 – 14 showed obvious immunosupressive effects and some of them have moderated antiproliferative activities. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three undescribed isosteroidal alkaloids (1 – 3), along with two known ones (4 , 5) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim, their structures were established by comprehensive analyses of the 1D, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS data. Meanwhile, LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages were used to determine the potential anti-inflammatory activity of all the alkaloids in vitro. Among them, compounds 1 and 4 showed significant inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO production with IC 50 values of 7.79 μM and 11.22 μM, respectively. Compounds 1 and 4 were performed between molecular docking with TLR4/MD2. Based on the results of cell experiments and binding affinities, compound 1 (UG) was chosen for molecular dynamic analysis together with the TLR4/MD2 protein. [Display omitted] • Three undescribed isosteroidal alkaloids (1 – 3) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria ussuriensis. • Compounds 1 and 4 demonstrate moderate activities with IC 50 values at 7.79 μM and 11.22 μM. • Molecular modeling studies have shown that compound 1 (UG) can stably bind to TLR4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven new triterpenoids, named Adeterpenoids A-G (1 – 7) and eight known compounds (8 – 15), were isolated from 70% ethanol extract of the roots of Adenophora tetraphylla (Thub.) Fisch. The compounds from it were separated by column chromatography techniques such as silica gel, ODS, and preparative liquid chromatography. Their structures were clarified based on extensive spectral analysis (1D, 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR, UV, and CD) and comparison with the literature. At the same time, all compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the LN229 (human glioma cell line). The results showed that compounds 2 , 5 , 6 , 13, and 14 had a significant inhibitory effect on LN229 cells. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirteen previously undescribed steroidal saponins, named parisverticilloside A-M (1 – 13) and twenty known steroidal saponins (14 – 33) were isolated from ethanol extract of the roots of Paris verticillata. Their structures were identified by a series of spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, optical rotatory dispersion and chemical processes. The anti-proliferative activities of all compounds against LN229, HepG2, MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cell lines were evaluated using the CCK8 assay with cisplatin or capecitabine as the positive control. The anti-inflammatory activities of all compounds were measured by inhibition of LPS-induced NO release from BV2 cell lines, with dexamethasone as the positive control. [Display omitted] • Thirteen previously undescribed steroidal saponins were isolated from the roots of Paris verticillata. • The structures were identified by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, IR, and physical properties. • Steroidal saponins have anti-proliferative and the anti-inflammatory activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) against Staphylococcus aureus, and its influence on the production of S. aureus alpha-haemolysin (Hla) were investigated, along with the in vivo activity of GA against S. aureus-induced pneumonia. GA could not inhibit the growth of S. aureus, but the secretion of Hla by S. aureus was significantly inhibited by low concentrations of GA in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in vivo data show that GA provides protection against staphylococcal pneumonia in a murine model system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Bioactive lipids widely found in daily consumed plants and animals are essential or beneficial to health and some of them are important physiological regulators in the human body. In our current investigation, 18 bioactive lipids (1 – 18), including 8 sphingolipids (1 – 8), 7 oxylipins (9 – 15), 3 phenolic lipids (16 –1 8) were isolated from the fruits of Solanum xanthocarpum. And compounds 1 , 9 , 15 , 16, and 18 were new lipids. In this study, homologues (4 – 8, 16, and 17) and configuration isomers (2 and 3) of bioactive lipids were separated, and NMR combined with MS/MS2 was an effective method to identify these compounds. These findings provided the reference for the separation and structural identification of bioactive lipids. The anti-inflammatory activities of all isolated lipids were evaluated by their inhibition of the NO release of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Aglycone components of sphingolipids, oxylipids with free carboxylic acid groups, phenylpropionic acid-fatty acid glyceride polymer exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities. Further analysis by molecular docking revealed the interactions of bioactive compounds with the iNOS protein. [Display omitted] • 18 bioactive lipids including 5 new compounds were separated from the fruits of Solanum xanthocarpum. • Some homologues and configuration isomers have been separated to obtain the isolated compounds. • The anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated and the SAR study was performed. • The possible mechanism of NO inhibition was investigated using molecular docking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six new secoiridoids, syrretosides E -J (1–6) and four known secoiridoids (7–10), were isolated from the stem barks of Syringa reticulata. Their structures were established by the 1D and 2D NMR spectra, HR-ESI-MS, and comparison with the literature. The cytotoxicity of the isolated monomeric compounds against RAW264.7 cells was investigated by the CCK8 assay, and the results showed that the individual compounds were not cytotoxic to RAW264.7. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated using the LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model and the results showed that compounds 3 – 7 and 9 showed varying degrees of anti-inflammatory activity. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new sesquiterpenoids named acasenterpene A-E (1–5) were isolated from the fruits of Acanthopanax senticosus. The structures of all compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analyses (1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS) combined with physico-chemical analysis methods (enzyme hydrolysis, optical rotation, and CD). The cytotoxicity of all compounds in vitro against four human cancer cell lines (MGC-803, Ishikawa, LN-229 and SMMC-7721) were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new flavonoids (1–4) and fourteen known compounds (5–18), were isolated from the aerial part of Bupleurum chinense DC. The structural determination of the new flavonoids was accomplished using comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR spectra with references to the literatures, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. The anti-proliferative activities of the flavonoids (1–18) against HeLa cells were evaluated using the MTT assay with cisplatin as the positive control. • Four new flavonoids were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Bupleurum chinense DC. • Three compounds were firstly isolated from this genus, eight compounds were firstly isolated from Umbelliferae. • Compounds 1–4 , 6 , 11 , 13 , 16 showed moderate anti-proliferative activities on Hela cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nine new (1–9) and three known (10−12) sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the ethanol-water (7:3, v /v) extract of the Datura metel L. leaves. The structures of 1–9 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS. All isolates (1−12) were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against the production of nitrogen oxide in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells and compound 5 possessed the best inhibitory effect among them, with the IC 50 value reaching 9.33–11.67 μM, which was lower than positive control, L-NMMA, with IC 50 range from 13.64 to 17.02 μM. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eight new sesquiterpenoids named melongenaterpenes M-T (1 – 8), together with nine known compounds (9 – 17), were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of the sepals of Solanum melongena L. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR spectra and a comprehensive comparison of their spectroscopic and physical data with values from the published literatures. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of all the isolated compounds was evaluated on the three human cancer lines of Hela, Ishikawa and MGC-803 by CCK8 assay, respectively. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]