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Given a closed oriented surface S of genus ≥ 3 we describe those cohomology classes χ ∈ H1(S,C) which appear as the period characters of abelian differentials for some choice of complex structure τ = τ(χ) on S consistent with the orientation. In other words, we describe the union Uτ∈T(S) H1,0(S,ℂ), where T(S) is the Teichmüller space of S. The proof is based upon Ratners solution of Raghunathans conjecture.

Given a closed oriented surface S of genus ≥ 3 we describe those cohomology classes χ ∈ H1(S,C) which appear as the period characters of abelian differentials for some choice of complex structure τ = τ(χ) on S consistent with the orientation. In other words, we describe the union Uτ∈T(S) H1,0(S,ℂ), where T(S) is the Teichmüller space of S. The proof is based upon Ratners solution of Raghunathans conjecture.

A complex K3 surface or an algebraic K3 surface in characteristics distinct from $2$ cannot have more than $16$ disjoint nodal curves., A complex K3 surface or an algebraic K3 surface in characteristics distinct from 2 cannot have more than 16 disjoint nodal curves.

As in the case of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds, the period domain $Compl$ of compact complex tori of even dimension $2n$ contains twistor lines. These are special $2$-spheres parametrizing complex tori whose complex structures arise from a given quaternionic structure. In analogy with the case of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds, we show that the periods of any two complex tori can be joined by a {\em generic} chain of twistor lines. We also prove a criterion of twistor path connectivity of loci in $Compl$ where a fixed second cohomology class stays of Hodge type (1,1). Furthermore, we show that twistor lines are holomorphic submanifolds of $Compl$, of degree $2n$ in the Pl\"ucker embedding of $Compl$., Comment: 29 pages, 2 figures. Theorem 2 and Corollary 3 have been added in the new version

Given a closed oriented surface S we describe those cohomology classes which appear as the period characters of abelian differentials for some choice of complex structure on S consistent with the orientation. The proof is based upon Ratner's solution of Raghunathan's conjecture., Comment: A revision of my 2000 preprint

A compact complex surface with positive definite intersection lattice is either the projective plane or a false projective plane. If the intersection lattice is negative definite, the surface is either a non-minimal secondary Kodaira surface, a non-minimal elliptic surface with $b_1=1$, or a class VII surface with $b_2>0$. In all cases the lattice is odd and diagonalizable over the integers.

The conformal loop ensemble (CLE) is the canonical conformally invariant probability measure on non-crossing loops in a simply connected domain in $\mathbb C$ and is indexed by a parameter $\kappa \in (8/3,8)$. We consider CLE$_\kappa$ on the whole-plane in the regime in which the loops are self-intersecting ($\kappa \in (4,8)$) and show that it is invariant under the inversion map $z \mapsto 1/z$. This shows that whole-plane CLE$_\kappa$ for $\kappa \in (4,8)$ defines a conformally invariant measure on loops on the Riemann sphere. The analogous statement in the regime in which the loops are simple ($\kappa \in (8/3,4]$) was proven by Kemppainen and Werner and together with the present work covers the entire range $\kappa \in (8/3,8)$ for which CLE$_\kappa$ is defined. As an intermediate step in the proof, we show that CLE$_\kappa$ for $\kappa \in (4,8)$ on an annulus, with any specified number of inner-boundary-surrounding loops, is well-defined and conformally invariant.

A compact complex surface with positive definite intersection lattice is either the projective plane or a false projective plane. If the intersection lattice is negative definite, the surface is either a non-minimal secondary Kodaira surface, a non-minimal elliptic surface with $b_1=1$, or a class VII surface with $b_2>0$. In all cases the lattice is odd and diagonalizable over the integers., 6 pages. Comments are welcome

A study is made of algebraic curves and surfaces in the flag manifold $\mathbb{F}=SU(3)/T^2$, and their configuration relative to the twistor projection $\pi$ from $\mathbb{F}$ to the complex projective plane $\mathbb{CP}^2$, defined with the help of an anti-holomorphic involution $j$. This is motivated by analogous studies of algebraic surfaces of low degree in the twistor space $\mathbb{CP}^3$ of $S^4$. Deformations of twistor fibres project to real surfaces in $\mathbb{CP}^2$, whose metric geometry is investigated. Attention is then focussed on toric Del Pezzo surfaces that are the simplest type of surfaces in $\mathbb{F}$ of bidegree $(1,1)$. These surfaces define orthogonal complex structures on specified dense open subsets of $\mathbb{CP}^2$ relative to its Fubini-Study metric. The discriminant loci of various surfaces of bidegree $(1,1)$ are determined, and bounds given on the number of twistor fibres that are contained in more general algebraic surfaces in $\mathbb{F}$., Comment: 34 pages; 7 figures. Comments about v2: we added a couple of remarks, clarified some proof, removed several typos and updated the reference list. To appear on Mathematische Zeitschrift

Let $\Gamma$ be a discrete group of isometries acting on the complex hyperbolic $n$-space $\mathbb{H}^n_\mathbb{C}$. In this note, we prove that if $\Gamma$ is convex-cocompact, torsion-free, and the critical exponent $\delta(\Gamma)$ is strictly lesser than $2$, then the complex manifold $\mathbb{H}^n_\mathbb{C}/\Gamma$ is Stein. We also discuss several related conjectures., Comment: Minor revision. To appear in Arnold Math. J

Given a family of polynomial-like maps of large topological degree, we relate the presence of Misiurewicz parameters to a growth condition for the volume of the iterates of the critical set. This generalizes to higher dimensions the well-known equivalence between stability and normality of the critical orbits in dimension one. We also introduce a notion of holomorphic motion of asymptotically all repelling cycles and prove its equivalence with other notions of stability. Our results allow us to generalize the theory of stability and bifurcation developed by Berteloot, Dupont and the author for the family of all endomorphisms of $$\mathbb P^k$$ of a given degree to any arbitrary family of endomorphisms of $$\mathbb P^k$$ or polynomial-like maps of large topological degree.

In resonance to a recent geometric framework proposed by Douglas and Yang, a functional model for certain linear bounded operators with rank-one self-commutator acting on a Hilbert space is developed. By taking advantage of the refined existing theory of the principal function of a hyponormal operator we transfer the whole action outside the spectrum, on the resolvent of the underlying operator, localized at a distinguished vector. The whole construction turns out to rely on an elementary algebra body involving analytic multipliers and Cauchy transforms. A natural field theory interpretation of the resulting resolvent functional model is proposed.

A compact complex surface with positive definite intersection lattice is either the projective plane or a false projective plane. If the intersection lattice is negative definite, the surface is either a non-minimal secondary Kodaira surface, a non-minimal elliptic surface with $b_1=1$, or a class VII surface with $b_2>0$. In all cases the lattice is odd and diagonalizable over the integers., A compact complex surface with positive definite intersection lattice is either the projective plane or a fake projective plane. If the intersection lattice is trivial or negative definite, the surface is either a secondary Kodaira surface, an elliptic surface with b1=1, or a class VII surface. If the lattice is non-trivial, it is odd and diagonalizable over the integers. There are no other cases of surfaces where the intersection lattice is definite.

We introduce a notion of stability for sheaves with respect to several polarisations that generalises the usual notion of Gieseker-stability. We prove, under a boundedness assumption, which we show to hold on threefolds or for rank two sheaves on base manifolds of arbitrary dimension, that semistable sheaves have a projective coarse moduli space that depends on a natural stability parameter. We then give two applications of this machinery. First, we show that given a real ample class $\omega \in N^1(X)_\mathbb{R}$ on a smooth projective threefold $X$ there exists a projective moduli space of sheaves that are Gieseker-semistable with respect to $\omega$. Second, we prove that given any two ample line bundles on $X$ the corresponding Gieseker moduli spaces are related by Thaddeus-flips., Comment: 51 pages; v2: added discussion concerning characteristic of the base field, fixed some typos and inconsistencies; removed "I" from title as second part has a new title; to appear in Geometry & Topology

Two central objects in constructive approximation, the Christoffel-Darboux kernel and the Christoffel function, are encoding ample information about the associated moment data and ultimately about the possible generating measures. We develop a multivariate theory of the Christoffel-Darboux kernel in C^d, with emphasis on the perturbation of Christoffel functions and their level sets with respect to perturbations of small norm or low rank. The statistical notion of leverage score provides a quantitative criterion for the detection of outliers in large data. Using the refined theory of Bergman orthogonal polynomials, we illustrate the main results, including some numerical simulations, in the case of finite atomic perturbations of area measure of a 2D region. Methods of function theory of a complex variable and (pluri)potential theory are widely used in the derivation of our perturbation formulas., second version, 53 pages

The Minkowski product of unit quaternion sets is introduced and analyzed, motivated by the desire to characterize the overall variation of compounded spatial rotations that result from individual rotations subject to known uncertainties in their rotation axes and angles. For a special type of unit quaternion set, the spherical caps of the 3-sphere $S^3$ in $\mathbb{R}^4$, closure under the Minkowski product is achieved. Products of sets characterized by fixing either the rotation axis or rotation angle, and allowing the other to vary over a given domain, are also analyzed. Two methods for visualizing unit quaternion sets and their Minkowski products in $\mathbb{R}^3$ are also discussed, based on stereographic projection and the Lie algebra formulation. Finally, some general principles for identifying Minkowski product boundary points are discussed in the case of full-dimension set operands., 29 pages, 1 figure

We investigate a semi-continuity property for stability conditions for sheaves that is important for the problem of variation of the moduli spaces as the stability condition changes. We place this in the context of a notion of stability previously considered by the authors, called multi-Gieseker-stability, that generalises the classical notion of Gieseker-stability to allow for several polarisations. As such we are able to prove that on smooth threefolds certain moduli spaces of Gieseker-stable sheaves are related by a finite number of Thaddeus-flips (that is flips arising for Variation of Geometric Invariant Theory) whose intermediate spaces are themselves moduli spaces of sheaves., Comment: 40 pages, reorganised and new introduction and new title. Main results unchanged

In resonance to a recent geometric framework proposed by Douglas and Yang, a functional model for certain linear bounded operators with rank-one self-commutator acting on a Hilbert space is developed. By taking advantage of the refined existing theory of the principal function of a hyponormal operator we transfer the whole action outside the spectrum, on the resolvent of the underlying operator, localized at a distinguished vector. The whole construction turns out to rely on an elementary algebra body involving analytic multipliers and Cauchy transforms. A natural field theory interpretation of the resulting resolvent functional model is proposed.

We describe the statistical properties of the dynamics of the quadratic polynomials P_a(z):=e^{2\pi a i} z+z^2 on the complex plane, with a of high return times. In particular, we show that these maps are uniquely ergodic on their measure theoretic attractors, and the unique invariant probability is a physical measure describing the statistical behavior of typical orbits in the Julia set. This confirms a conjecture of Perez-Marco on the unique ergodicity of hedgehog dynamics, in this class of maps., Comment: 58 pages; pre-publication version

We study regularity properties of solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the complex Homogeneous Monge-Ampere equation. We show that for certain boundary data on P 1 the solution Φ to this Dirichlet problem is connected via a Legendre transform to an associated flow in the complex plane called the Hele-Shaw flow. Using this we determine precisely the harmonic discs associated to Φ. We then give examples for which these discs are not dense in the product, and also prove that this situation persists after small perturbations of the boundary data.

With the help of a generalization of the Fermat principle in general relativity, we show that chains in CR geometry are geodesics of a certain Kropina metric constructed from the CR structure. We study the projective equivalence of Kropina metrics and show that if the kernel distributions of the corresponding 1-forms are non-integrable then two projectively equivalent metrics are trivially projectively equivalent. As an application, we show that sufficiently many chains determine the CR structure up to conjugacy, generalizing and reproving the main result of [J.-H. Cheng, 1988]. The correspondence between geodesics of the Kropina metric and chains allows us to use the methods of metric geometry and the calculus of variations to study chains. We use these methods to re-prove the result of [H. Jacobowitz, 1985] that locally any two points of a strictly pseudoconvex CR manifolds can be joined by a chain. Finally, we generalize this result to the global setting by showing that any two points of a connected compact strictly pseudoconvex CR manifold which admits a pseudo-Einstein contact form with positive Tanaka-Webster scalar curvature can be joined by a chain., Comment: are very welcome

We establish the monotonicity property for the mass of non-pluripolar products on compact K\"ahler manifolds and initiate the study of complex Monge-Amp\`ere equations with arbitrary prescribed singularity. As applications, we prove existence and uniqueness of K\"ahler--Einstein metrics with prescribed singularity, and we also provide the log-concavity property of non-pluripolar products with small unbounded locus.

Let $Y$ be a compact K\"ahler normal space and $\alpha \in H^{1,1}(Y,\mathbb{R})$ a K\"ahler class. We study metric properties of the space $\mathcal{H}_\alpha$ of K\"ahler metrics in $\alpha$ using Mabuchi geodesics. We extend several results by Calabi, Chen, Darvas previously established when the underlying space is smooth. As an application we analytically characterize the existence of K\"ahler-Einstein metrics on $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano varieties, generalizing a result of Tian, and illustrate these concepts in the case of toric varieties.

We formulate a notion of K-stability for Kähler manifolds, and prove one direction of the Yau–Tian–Donaldson conjecture in this setting. More precisely, we prove that the Mabuchi functional being bounded below (resp. coercive) implies K-semistability (resp. uniformly K-stable). In particular this shows that the existence of a constant scalar curvature Kähler metric implies K-semistability, and K-stability if one assumes the automorphism group is discrete. We also show how Stoppa’s argument holds in the Kähler case, giving a simpler proof of this K-stability statement.

We establish a rescaling theorem for isolated essential singularities of quasiregular mappings. As a consequence we show that the class of closed manifolds receiving a quasiregular mapping from a punctured unit ball with an essential singularity at the origin is exactly the class of closed quasiregularly elliptic manifolds, that is, closed manifolds receiving a non-constant quasiregular mapping from a Euclidean space., Comment: 8 pages, added a corollary and references

Benjamini and Schramm introduced the notion of distributional limit of a sequence of graphs with uniformly bounded valence and studied such limits in the case that the involved graphs are planar. We investigate distributional limits of sequences of Riemannian manifolds with bounded curvature which satisfy certain condition of quasi-conformal nature. We then apply our results to somewhat improve Benjamini's and Schramm's original result on the recurrence of the simple random walk on limits of planar graphs. For instance, as an application give a proof of the fact that for graphs in an expander family, the genus of each graph is bounded from below by a linear function of the number of vertices.

A rotation-minimizing frame $({\bf f}_1,{\bf f}_2,{\bf f}_3)$ on a space curve ${\bf r}(\xi)$ defines an orthonormal basis for $\mathbb{R}^3$ in which ${\bf f}_1={\bf r}'/|{\bf r}'|$ is the curve tangent, and the normal-plane vectors ${\bf f}_2$, ${\bf f}_3$ exhibit no instantaneous rotation about ${\bf f}_1$. Polynomial curves that admit rational rotation-minimizing frames (or RRMF curves) form a subset of the Pythagorean-hodograph (PH) curves, specified by integrating the form ${\bf r}'(\xi)={\cal A}(\xi)\,{\bf i}\,{\cal A}^*(\xi)$ for some quaternion polynomial ${\cal A}(\xi)$. By introducing the notion of rotation indicatrix and of core of the quaternion polynomial ${\cal A}(\xi)$, a comprehensive characterization of the complete space of RRMF curves is developed, that subsumes all previously known special cases. This novel characterization helps clarify the structure of the complete space of RRMF curves, distinguishes the spatial RRMF curves from trivial (planar) cases, and paves the way toward new construction algorithms., Comment: 30 pages, 1 figure

We prove that the Krull dimension of the ring of holomorphic functions of a connected complex manifold is at least continuum if it is positive., Comment: 6 pages. An error pointed out by Pete Clark is corrected. The stronger statement about the Krull dimension at least continuum is proven

We prove the uniform hyperbolicity of the near-parabolic renormalization operators acting on an infinite-dimensional space of holomorphic transformations. This implies the universality of the scaling laws, conjectured by physicists in the 70's, for a combinatorial class of bifurcations. Through near-parabolic renormalizations the polynomial-like renormalizations of satellite type are successfully studied here for the first time, and new techniques are introduced to analyze the fine-scale dynamical features of maps with such infinite renormalization structures. In particular, we confirm the rigidity conjecture under a quadratic growth condition on the combinatorics. The class of maps addressed in the paper includes infinitely-renormalizable maps with degenerating geometries at small scales (lack of a priori bounds).