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99 results on '"Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)"'

1. Segmental contribution to whole-body angular momentum during stepping in healthy young and old adults

Author

Nicolas A. Turpin, Angélique Lesport, Teddy Caderby, Jérémie Begue, Bruno Watier, Nicolas Peyrot, Georges Dalleau, Ingénierie, Recherche et Intervention, Sport Santé et Environnement (IRISSE), Université de La Réunion (UR), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Angular momentum, Aging, Science, H control, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Kinematics, Walking, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Postural Balance, Balance (ability), Mathematics, Aged, Leg, Multidisciplinary, Health care, Torso, Middle Aged, Trunk, Sagittal plane, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Risk factors, Arm, Medicine, Female, Rotational dynamics, Whole body, Biomedical engineering, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Recent evidence suggests that during volitional stepping older adults control whole-body angular momentum (H) less effectively than younger adults, which may impose a greater challenge for balance control during this task in the elderly. This study investigated the influence of aging on the segment angular momenta and their contributions to H during stepping. Eighteen old and 15 young healthy adults were instructed to perform a series of stepping at two speed conditions: preferred and as fast as possible. Full-body kinematics were recorded to compute angular momenta of the trunk, arms and legs and their contributions to total absolute H on the entire stepping movement. Results indicated that older adults exhibited larger angular momenta of the trunk and legs in the sagittal plane, which contributed to a higher sagittal plane H range during stepping compared to young adults. Results also revealed that older adults had a greater trunk contribution and lower leg contribution to total absolute H in the sagittal plane compared to young adults, even though there was no difference in the other two planes. These results stress that age-related changes in H control during stepping arise as a result of changes in trunk and leg rotational dynamics.

Published
2021

2. A core outcome set development for a French national prospective study about the effect of mediolateral episiotomy on obstetric anal sphincter injury during operative vaginal delivery (INSTRUMODA)

Author

Bertrand Gachon, Thomas Schmitz, France Artzner, Olivier Parant, Renaud De Tayrac, Guillaume Ducarme, Camille Le Ray, Anne Cécile Pizzoferrato, Charles Garabedian, Didier Riethmuller, Fabrice Pierre, Stephanie Ragot, Xavier Fritel, the GROG (Groupe de Recherche en Gynécologie Obstétrique), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), CIC - Poitiers, Université de Poitiers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Hôpital Robert Debré, Collectif Inter-Associatif autour de la Naissance - CIANE [Paris] (Patients representative), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Départemental - Hôpital de La Roche-sur-Yon, Maternité Port-Royal [CHU Cochin], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Malbec, Odile, Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier Départemental - Hôpital de La Roche-sur-Yon (CHD Vendée), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
Episiotomy, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Reproductive medicine, Delphi method, Anal Canal, lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Stakeholder Participation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, education, lcsh:RG1-991, education.field_of_study, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Vaginal delivery, Obstetrics, business.industry, Obstetric anal sphincter injury, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core outcome set, medicine.disease, Delivery, Obstetric, 3. Good health, Obstetric Labor Complications, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Observational Studies as Topic, Research Design, Operative delivery, Observational study, Female, business, Research Article
Abstract

Background We aimed at developing a core outcome and variables of interest set to investigate the effects of mediolateral episiotomy on Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI) during and after operative delivery in nulliparous women in a large-scale one-year observational French study including 15,000 women (INSTRUMODA). Methods A list of outcomes and variables of interest was suggested to obstetricians participating in the INSTRUMODA study using online questionnaires divided into 7 categories: the woman’s history and course of pregnancy, course of labor, modalities of operative delivery, episiotomy characteristics, immediate maternal morbidity, one-year maternal morbidity, immediate neonatal morbidity. We used a three-round DELPHI method to reach a consensus. In the first round, outcomes and variables considered as essential by 70% or more of obstetricians were included in the corpus whereas they were excluded when 70% rated them as “not important”. In the second round, non-consensual outcomes and variables were reassessed and excluded or definitively included if considered as “not important” or essential by 50% or more of the obstetricians. During the first round, obstetricians were invited to suggest new outcomes and/or variables that were then assessed in the second and third round. We used the same method to develop a core outcome and variables of interest set in a population of women in the community recruited via an association of patients. At the end of the procedure the core outcome and variables of interest sets were merged to provide the final core outcome set for the INSTRUMODA study. Results Fifty-three obstetricians and 16 women filled out questionnaires. After the 3 rounds of Delphi procedure in each population, 74 outcomes and variables were consensually reported by obstetricians and 92 by women in the community. By mixing these two consensual corpora we reported a final consensual list of 114 variables of interest and outcomes for both obstetricians and women. Conclusion We established a core outcome and variables of interest set among obstetricians and women in the community to investigate the association between mediolateral episiotomy and OASI during operative delivery. Trial registration The INSTRUMODA study was registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov on June 25, 2020 (NCT04446780).

Published
2021

3. Personality traits, stress appraisals and sleep in young elite athletes: A profile approach

Author

Noémie Lienhart, Julie Doron, Mathieu Nedelec, Guillaume Martinent, Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (EA 7428) (L-VIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, insomnia, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Multivariate analysis of variance, Surveys and Questionnaires, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Insomnia, medicine, Humans, Personality, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, neuroticism, Big Five personality traits, media_common, biology, Athletes, Conscientiousness, Cognition, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Neuroticism, Female, person-centred approach, medicine.symptom, Sleep, sport, Psychology, Stress, Psychological, Clinical psychology
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to identify young elite athletes’ personality profiles using a person-centered approach, and to investigate whether the profiles significantly differ in stress and sleep. 260 athletes from a variety of sports completed a questionnaire package to assess neuroticismand conscientiousness traits, stress appraisals (i.e. intensity and directional interpretation of stress, challenge and threat appraisals), and various indicators of sleep (i.e. sleep quality, social jet lag, Ford insomnia response to stress test (FIRST)). A latent profile analysis (LPA) approach was used to identify personality profiles based on the scores of neuroticism and conscientiousness. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed to examine if the athletes belonging to different personality profiles differ on stress appraisals and indicators of sleep.Three profiles emerged: Maladaptive profile (high levels of conscientiousness and neuroticism); Highly adaptive profile (moderate level of conscientiousness and low level of neuroticism); Adaptive profile (high level of conscientiousness and moderate level of neuroticism). Results showed that athletes from the adaptive profile reported significantly lower scores of stress intensity and threat appraisal than those from other profiles. Athletes from the maladaptive profile reported significantly higher levels of FIRST than those from other profiles as well as worse sleep quality and lower levels of challenge appraisal than the athletes from the highly adaptive profile. These results suggest that investigating personality profile may be useful in identifying athletes at higher risk of stress sensitivity and worsening sleep that are likely to benefit from preventive actions (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy interventions).

Published
2020

4. Artificial Neural Networks Help to Better Understand the Interplay Between Cognition, Mediterranean Diet, and Physical Performance: Clues from TRELONG Study

Author

Berrut, Gilles, de Decker, Laure, Aquino, Jean-Pierre, Ahmine, Sabiha, Amalberti, Nathalie, Arlaud, Cyprien, Aubry, Astrid, Beau, Philippe, Behara, Harold, Bernard, Fanny, Bloch, Frederic, Bonin-Guillaume, Sylvie, Boureau, Anne-Sophie, Chaffringeon, Astrid, Chaudier, Bernard, Collins, Claire, Courau, Axelle, Cudennec, Tristan, Debray, Matthieu, Fougère, Bertrand, Gaudeau, Déborah, Huvent-Grelle, Dominique, Laurent, Marie, Mizzi, Barbara, Maley, Karin, Mecheri, Hassan, Merlhès, Camille, Merouani, Braham, Nicolini, Marc, Pautas, Eric, Pellerano, Bruno, Piet, Emilie, Rascle, Catherine, Rouaud, Agnes, Somme, Dominique, Gavazzi, Gaetan, Salles, Nathalie, Guérin, Olivier, Gallucci, Maurizio, Pallucca, Claudia, Di Battista, Maria Elena, Grossi, Enzo, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Médecine Aiguë Gériatrique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN), Société Francophone d’OncoGériatrie [Saint-Herblain] (SoFOG), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Fondation Médéric Alzheimer, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées, Irish College of General Practitioners [Dublin, Irlande] (ICGP), Service de médecine gériatrique, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe Hospitalier Sud-Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Éducation Éthique Santé EA 7505 (EES), and Université de Tours (UT)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Gerontology, Mediterranean diet, Institutionalisation, Neuropsychological Tests, Diet, Mediterranean, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Healthy Aging, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Association (psychology), Geriatric Assessment, Physical Examination, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Mini–Mental State Examination, Successful aging, Artificial neural network, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, General Medicine, Physical Functional Performance, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, 030104 developmental biology, Italy, Physical performance, Female, Neural Networks, Computer, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychology, Risk Reduction Behavior, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

BACKGROUND Nutrition plays an important role in the aging process. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been shown to be associated with lower rates of diseases. Cognitive status seems to be strongly interrelated with physical well-being, so that one influences the other. Physical performance measures are not only associated with clinical and subclinical age-related modifications, but are also able to predict disability, institutionalization, and mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate prospectively the associations between Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS), clinical characteristics, and cognition of the population sample of The TREVISO LONGEVA (TRELONG) Study, in Treviso, Italy. METHODS Global cognition, physical performance measures, MSDPS, and other clinical features were detected in 2010 in 82 men and 108 women. These characteristics were evaluated in relation to the physical performance measures identified 3.8 years later in 2013 in the same subjects, using a semantic connectivity map, through Auto-CM system, to grasp further and non-linear associations between variables which might remain, otherwise, undetected. RESULTS The Auto-CM system's map showed a close association between better levels of global cognition and MSDPS in 2010 and higher physical performance in 2013. On the other hand, worse levels of global cognition and MSDPS in 2010 were associated with lower physical performance in 2013. CONCLUSION The prevention models for successful aging may benefit from integrated programs that include cognitive, physical, and dietary interventions, since these aspects are mutually interrelated.

Published
2019

5. Evolution of sexual functioning of men through treated and untreated depression

Author

Caroline Victorri-Vigneau, D. Lauzeille, Anne Sauvaget, Clémence Cabelguen, Jean-Marie Vanelle, Edouard-Jules Laforgue, Marie Grall-Bronnec, Samuel Bulteau, G. Busnel, Pascale Jolliet, MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, and Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030232 urology & nephrology, Sexual dysfunction, Human sexuality, Major depressive disorder, Sexualité, 03 medical and health sciences, Episode dépressif caractérisé, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Anti-dépresseurs, medicine, Humans, Anti-depressive agents, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological, Psychiatry, Adverse effect, Depression (differential diagnoses), Dysfonction sexuelle, Depressive Disorder, Major, Sexual functioning, business.industry, Depression, Adverse effects, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Effets indésirables, Antidepressive Agents, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological, Antidepressant, Observational study, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Sexuality
Abstract

Depression as well as a treatment by antidepressant are factors that may interfere with sexuality. Due to this complex relationship between depression, antidepressant and sexuality, it is difficult to incontestably establish the exclusive accountability of a treatment or of a psychiatric disorder on sexual dysfunctions. The main purpose of the SADD (for Sexuality, Anti-Depressant and Depression) study is to evaluate sexual dysfunctions in depressed men treated with antidepressant or not.Participants of this transversal, observational study were men aged over 18 years old, suffering from unipolar major depressive disorder and treated by a psychiatrist, with or without antidepressant. Assessment of sexual functioning through three times: euthymia (before depression), untreated depression and treated depression if applicable was performed based on the ASEX scale.Seventy patients were included. Eight percent of euthymic patients presented a sexual dysfunction (average score on the ASEX=12.4) whereas 56% of untreated patients presented a sexual dysfunction (average total score on the ASEX=17.7) and 62% (34/55) of patients treated with antidepressant (average total score on ASEX=18.5) (P0.001). Sexual functioning of men receiving treatment is not significantly different to that among men not receiving any antidepressant, even if patients treated with antidepressant reported that they had a better mood than those untreated.Our results reveal a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction within the framework of major depressive disorder and its treatment and underlines the complex relationship between major depressive disorder, antidepressant and sexuality.

Published
2021

6. Can We Reduce Frame Rate to 15 Images per Second in Pediatric Videofluoroscopic Swallow Studies?

Author

Clement, Olivier, Dewachter, Pascale, Mouton-Faivre, Claudie, Nevoret, Camille, Guilloux, Laurence, Bloch Morot, Evelyne, Katsahian, Sandrine, Laroche, Dominique, Audebert, Martine, Benabes-Jezraoui, Béatrice, Benoit, Yves, Beot, Sylvie, Berard, Frédéric, Berthezene, Yves, Bertrand, Philippe, Bouffard, Juliette, Bourrain, Jean-Luc, Boyer, Bruno, Carette, Marie-France, Caron-Poitreau, Christine, Cavestri, Béatrice, Cercueil, Jean Pierre, Charpin, Denis-André, Collet, Evelyne, Crombe-Ternamian, Arielle, Dalmas, Jacques, Decoux, Eric, Defrance, Marie-France, Delaval, Yvonne, Demoly, Pascal, Depriester, Claude, Depriester, Pascale, Didier, Alain, Drouet, Martine, Dupas, Benoît, Dupre-Goetchebeur, Dominique, Dzviga, Charles, Fabre, Christine, Ferretti, Gilbert, Fourre-Jullian, Corinne, Girardin, Pascal, Giron, Jacques, Gouitaa, Marion, Grenier, Nicolas, Guenard Bilbault, Lydie, Guez, Stéphane, Gunera-Saad, Nathalie, Heautot, Jean-François, Herbin, Dominique, Hoarau, Cyrille, Jacquot, Claude, Julien, Christian, Laborie, Laurent, Lambert, Claude, Larroche, Pascal, Leclerc, Xavier, Lemaitre, Laurent, Leynadier, Francisque, Lillo-Le-Louet, Agnès, Louvel, Jean-Pierre, Louvier, Nathalie, Lucas, Marie-Madeleine, Meites, Geneviève, Mennesson, Nicolas, Metge, Liliane, Meunier, Yannick, Monnier-Cholley, Laurence, Musacchio, Mariano, Nicolie, Brigitte, Occelli, Gisèle, Oesterle, Hélène, Paisant-Thouveny, Francine, Panuel, Michel, Railhac, Nadine, Rety-Jacob, Frédérique, Rochefort-Morel, Cécile, Roy, Catherine, Sarlieve, Philippe, Sesay, Musa, Sgro, Catherine, Taourel, Patrice, Terrier, Patrick, Theissen, Odile, Topenot, Ingrid, Valfrey, Jocelyne, Veillon, Francis, Vergnaud, Marie-Claude, Veyret, Charles, Vincent, Denis, Wallaert, Benoit, Wessel, François, Zins, Marc, Layly, Julie, Marmouset, Franck, Chassagnon, Guillaume, Sirinelli, Dominique, Cottier, Jean-Philippe, Morel, Baptiste, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pathophysiology of the Vigilance States (SLEEP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Seine-Saint-Denis (GHUPSSD), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Biomnis Laboratory, Service de Médecine Interne [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Centre de référence des syndromes drépanocytaires majeurs, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Département d'allergie et d'immunologie clinique [CHU Lyon Sud], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Immunologie de l'allergie cutanée et vaccination – Immunology of skin allergy and vaccination, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Éducation Éthique Santé EA 7505 (EES), Université de Tours (UT), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine - Alexis Vautrin [Nancy] (UNICANCER/ICL), UNICANCER, CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Pediatrics, Sensitivity and Specificity, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, 0302 clinical medicine, Swallowing, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Cineradiography, Gastroenterology, Reproducibility of Results, Frame rate, University hospital, Dysphagia, Deglutition, Pediatric Radiology, Otorhinolaryngology, Child, Preschool, Radiological weapon, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Deglutition Disorders, 0305 other medical science, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Pediatric population
Abstract

Videofluoroscopic Swallow studies (VFSS) are useful radiological examinations to explore swallowing disorders but which require ionizing radiation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the comparability of pediatric VFSS at 15 frames per second (fps) with 30 fps. Fifty-five loops including 190 swallowings of VFSS at 30 fps performed on 32 consecutive pediatric patients in a University Hospital Center were retrospectively modified by a software to delete one image out of two to obtain secondary loops with a frame rate of 15 fps. An otorhinolaryngologist-phonatrician and a radiologist reviewed all swallowings blindly and randomly using the penetration and aspiration scale (PAS). In case of discordance, they concluded a consensual interpretation. Fifteen girls and seventeen boys were included. The median age was 4 years and 8 months (range = 4 months-16 yr.). 144 swallowings were normal. Swallowing disorder was confirmed in 46 swallowings, (23 supraglottic penetrations and 23 aspirations). Considering each swallowing at 15 fps, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 93% (CI 0.82-0.98) and 98% (CI 0.94-0.99). The Cohen'Kappa coefficient between each interpretation at 15 and 30 fps was "almost perfect" (κ = 0.95; CI 0.88-0.99). Considering each loop, conclusion was identical. Reducing frame rate at 15 fps during pediatric VFSS seemed to be acceptable with comparable diagnostic performances without clinical impact compared to 30 fps, while being an efficient way to reduce the ionizing radiation exposition in children. We would suggest reconsidering the possibility of using VFSS with a 15 fps in a pediatric population.

Published
2019

7. Pedobarographic Statistical Parametric Mapping may identify specific plantar pressure patterns in patients with diabetes mellitus among different degrees of peripheral neuropathy: A pilot study

Author

Giorgina Barbara Piccoli, Jean-Michel Audebrand, Baptiste Morel, Antoine Chatrenet, Bruno Beaune, Massimo Torreggiani, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Service Néphrologie [CH Le Mans], Department of Biological and Clinical Sciences, University of Turin, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Pilot Projects, Walking, Statistical parametric mapping, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Diabetic Neuropathies, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Diabetes Mellitus, Pressure, Medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lead (electronics), Pedobarography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, business.industry, Foot, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Gait, Peripheral neuropathy, Case-Control Studies, Female, Complication, business, Gait Analysis
Abstract

Aims Peripheral neuropathy (PN) in patients with diabetes can lead to changes in the distribution of plantar pressure during walking, which can be recorded with pedobarography. Compared to traditional spatial data reduction analysis, the pedobarographic Statistical Parametric Mapping (pSPM) allows comparison of the footprints with the advantage that sub-regions do not need to be defined a priori. Aim of the study was to test the potential of pSPM in identifying specific distribution of spatial pressure in different stages of PN. Methods PN was defined according to usual tools (i.e., tendon reflexes and sensory tests). Four groups were compared: patients with diabetes without PN (n = 24; 239 steps); with signs of mild PN (n = 12; 117 steps); with signs of severe PN (n = 6; 52 steps) and a control group without diabetes (n = 12; 124 steps). Traditional spatial data reduction and pSPM were performed to compare plantar pressures in the different groups. Results In patients with PN, traditional spatial data reduction analysis showed lower plantar pressures with PN severity. pSPM analysis is able to better define the initial changes: mild PN patients presents higher pressures on the anterior side of the metatarsal heads compared to patients without neuropathy. Patients with severe PN are characterised by higher pressures under the medial foot arch compared to other groups. Conclusions pSPM may identify specific features of plantar pressure distribution during walking in patients with mild PN and may become a useful screening tool for a timely identification of this complication.

Published
2021

8. Running patterns and force-velocity sprinting profiles in elite training young soccer players: A cross-sectional study

Author

Cyril Martin, Qingshan Zhang, Robin Trama, Félicie Pommerell, Adam Owen, Christophe Hautier, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Foot strike, Male, Sprint kinetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Acceleration, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, mechanical properties, Athletic Performance, Motion (physics), Running, Ground contact, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, maximal power, Soccer, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Training (meteorology), 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Geodesy, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, maximal force, Geology, Foot (unit), Force velocity
Abstract

International audience; The Volodalen® field method permits to classify runners into aerial or terrestrial, based on vertical oscillation, upper-body motion, pelvis and foot position at ground contact, and foot strike pattern. The present study aimed to compare the sprint running force-velocity profiles between aerial and terrestrial runners. Sixty-Four French National-Level young soccer players (28 females, 36 males) performed three trials of unloaded maximal 40 m sprints. External horizontal power-force-velocity relationships were computed using a validated biomechanical model and based on the velocity-time curve. Accordingly, the participants were classified into patterns in aerial and terrestrial runners. Terrestrial runners showed a higher maximal horizontal force (F(0)) (6.73 ± 1.03 vs 6.01 ± 0.94 N·kg(-1)), maximal horizontal power (P(max)) (14.04 ± 3.24 vs 12.51 ± 3.31W·kg(-1)), maximal acceleration (Acc) (6.83 ± 0.85 vs 6.26 ± 0.89 m·s(-2)), and maximal rate of horizontal force (RF(max)) (57.41 ± 4.64 vs 52.81 ± 5.69%) compared to aerial runners. In contrast, terrestrial runners displayed a more negative rate of decrease of RF (D(RF)) (-11.65 ± 1.71 vs -10.23 ± 1.66%) and slope of the Force-Velocity relationship (F-V slope) (-0.83 ± 0.11 vs -0.77 ± 0.10 N·s·m(-1)·kg(-1)) than aerial runners. The results indicate that terrestrial runners displayed more efficient force production in the forward direction and displayed more "force-oriented" F-V profiles. Nevertheless, aerial runners were more effective in maintaining a net horizontal force production with increasing speed. Our results suggest that terrestrial runners could be more adapted to the specific short distance and high acceleration sprints running.

Published
2020

9. Differences in lower extremity muscular coactivation during postural control between healthy and obese adults

Author

Sylvain Durand, Wael Maktouf, Sébastien Boyas, Bruno Beaune, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena, Biophysics, Electromyography, Overweight, Postural control, Muscle coactivation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Center of pressure (terrestrial locomotion), medicine, Obese group, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Obesity, Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Rehabilitation, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], 030229 sport sciences, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Coactivation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lower Extremity, Female, medicine.symptom, Ankle, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

It is well established that obesity is associated with deterioration in postural control that may reduce obese adults' autonomy and increase risks of falls. However, neuromuscular mechanisms through which postural control alterations occur in obese adults remain unclear.To investigate the effects of obesity on muscle coactivation at the ankle joint during static and dynamic postural control.A control group (CG; n = 20; age = 32.5 ± 7.6 years; BMI = 22.4 ± 2.2 Kg/m²) and an obese group (OG; n = 20; age = 34.2 ± 5.6 years; BMI = 38.6 ± 4.1 Kg/m²) participated in this study. Static postural control was evaluated by center of pressure (CoP) displacements during quiet standing. Dynamic postural control was assessed by the maximal distance traveled by the CoP during a forward lean test. Electromyography activity data for the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), soleus (SOL) and tibialis anterior (TA) were collected during both quiet standing and forward lean tests. Muscle activities were used to calculate two separate coactivation indexes (CI) between ankle plantar and dorsal flexors (GM/TA and SOL/TA, respectively).CoP displacements were higher in the OG than in the CG for quiet standing (p0.05). When leaning forward, the maximal distance of the CoP was higher in the CG than in the OG (p0.05). Only the CI value calculated for SOL/TA was higher in the OG than in the CG for both static and dynamic tasks (p0.05). The SOL/TA CI value in the OG was positively correlated with CoP displacements during quiet standing (r = 0.79; p0.05).Obesity increases muscle coactivation of the soleus and tibialis anterior muscles at the ankle joint during both static and dynamic postural control. This adaptive neuromuscular response may represent a joint stiffening strategy for enhancing stability. Consequently, increased ankle muscle coactivation could not be considered as a good adaptation in obese adults.

Published
2020

10. A pilot study of forearm microvascular impairment and pain while using a telephone

Author

Jeanne Hersant, Pierre Ramondou, Jean Picquet, Samir Henni, Celine Guilleron, Pierre Abraham, Université d'Angers (UA), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Posture, Ischemia, Pilot Projects, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biochemistry, Forearm pain, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Forearm, Musculoskeletal Pain, Risk Factors, Humans, Medicine, In patient, Prospective Studies, Thoracic outlet syndrome, business.industry, Healthy subjects, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, University hospital, 3. Good health, Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, Phone conversation, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Physical therapy, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Cell Phone
Abstract

To determine if using a telephone can induce forearm pain and ischemia.Prospective case-control trial.Vascular laboratory in the university hospital in Angers between September 2018 and March 2019.Fifteen apparently healthy subjects (controls) and 32 patients with suspected thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) of vascular or non-vascular origin.Hand-holding a cellular phone to answer a call from investigators.Presence of forearm fatigue or pain (primary outcome), ability to hold the phone with each hand for 1 min (secondary outcome 1) and decrease in forearm transcutaneous oxygen pressure DROP index indicating forearm ischemia (secondary outcome 2). A DROP -15 mm Hg defined ischemia.Answering a phone call resulted in 25(78%) patients with forearm fatigue or pain and in 18 (56%) cases in the inability to hold the phone for 1 min, on one or both arms in patients with suspected TOS, but never occurred in healthy volunteers (p .05 and p .001). The presence of ischemia was observed in one or both arms in 10 (31%) patients with proved TOS and was always associated to phone-induced pain. Three (20%) of the controls had phone-induced ischemia. All had asymptomatic TOS and remained asymptomatic during the phone test (p = .42 from suspected-TOS patients).The phone conversation resulted in pain in many patients with suspected TOS. Transcutaneous oximetry can document the underlying ischemia. Forearm phone-call-induced pain may be indicative of TOS provided that no earplug or headset is used. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govNCT03355274.

Published
2020

11. Influence of Obesity and Impact of a Physical Activity Program on Postural Control and Functional and Physical Capacities in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Author

Wael Maktouf, Sylvain Durand, Sébastien Boyas, Bruno Beaune, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pilot Projects, Physical exercise, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Overweight, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, Postural control, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Obesity, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Balance (ability), Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Tinetti test, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, medicine.disease, Test (assessment), Physical therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the role of obesity in the effects of physical activity (PA) on postural control and functional and physical capacities in the older adults and to assess the effectiveness of a PA program on these capacities. Methods: Six obese (age = 78.8 [3.7] y; body mass index > 30 kg/m2), 7 overweight (age = 80.9 [2.8] y; 25 2), and 6 normal weight (age = 80.8 [5.7] y; body mass index 2) older adults performed the time up and go test, the 6-minute walk test, and the Tinetti test. Static and dynamic (forward leaning) postural control tests were also assessed. All these tests were similarly assessed 4 months later, during which only the obese group and overweight group participated in a PA program. Results: Before PA, results of the time up and go test, 6-minute walk test, Tinetti test, quiet standing, and forward lean tests revealed that physical capacities and static and dynamic postural control were impaired in the obese group when compared to the normal weight group. After PA, results of quiet standing, physical and functional tests were improved for obese group. Conclusions: Obesity is an additional constraint to age-related postural control and functional and physical capacities deteriorations. Nevertheless, a PA program is effective in improving balance and functional capacities in obese older adults.

Published
2020

12. Cost-utility analysis of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in non-treatment-resistant depression: the DISCO randomised controlled study protocol

Author

Morgane Péré, Clémence Cabelguen, Luc Simons, Giordano D’Urso, Cécile Dert, Noémie Pineau, Thibault Deschamps, Réseau Hugopsy, Solène Schirr-Bonnans, Annabelle Rivalland, Samuel Bulteau, Valery-Pierre Riche, Nicolas Bukowski, Auxane Beslot, Lydie Lagalice, Jean-Marie Vanelle, Christelle Volteau, Marie Guitteny, Fabienne Tessier, Alison Robin, Adeline Lepage, Agathe Tostivint, Anne Sauvaget, Véronique Thomas-Ollivier, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, project PRME-17-0097, French Ministry of Health, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Cost-Benefit Analysis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, tDCS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Health Economics, Quality of life, Medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, cost-utility, Suicidal ideation, Depression (differential diagnoses), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Protocol (science), Cost–utility analysis, Transcranial direct-current stimulation, treatment, business.industry, Depression, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, England, quality of life, depression & mood disorders, Physical therapy, Female, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, medicine.symptom, business, Treatment-resistant depression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies, study protocol
Abstract

IntroductionDepression is among the most widespread psychiatric disorders in France. Psychiatric disorders are associated with considerable social costs, amounting to €22.6 billion for treatment and psychotropic medication in 2011. Treatment as usual (TAU), mainly consisting of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, is effective for only a third of patients and in most cases fails to prevent treatment resistance and chronicity. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) consists in a non-invasive and painless application of low-intensity electric current to the cerebral cortex through the scalp. Having proved effective in depressed patients, it could be used in combination with TAU to great advantage. The objective is to compare, for the first time ever, the cost-utility of tDCS-TAU and of TAU alone for the treatment of a depressive episode that has been refractory to one or two drug treatments.Methods and analysisThis paper, based on the DISCO study protocol, focuses on the design of a prospective, randomised, controlled, open-label multicentre economic study to be conducted in France. It will include 214 patients with unipolar or bipolar depression, assigning them to two parallel arms: group A (tDCS-TAU) and group B (TAU alone). The primary outcome is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, that is, the ratio of the difference in cost between each strategy to the difference in their effects. Their effects will be expressed as numbers of quality-adjusted life-years, determined through administration of the EuroQol Five-Dimension questionnaire over a 12-month period to patients (EQ-5D-5L). Expected benefits are the reduction of treatment resistance and suicidal ideation as well as social and professional costs of depression. Should depression-related costs fall significantly, tDCS might be considered an efficient treatment for depression.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by a French ethics committee, the CPP-–Est IV (Comité de Protection des Personnes–Strasbourg). Data are to be published in peer-reviewed medical journals.Trial registration numberRCB 2018-A00474-51;NCT03758105

Published
2020

13. Presence of problematic and disordered gambling in older age and validation of the South Oaks Gambling Scale

Author

Marco Camozzi, Isabel Sánchez, Isabelle Giroux, Isabel Baenas, Jéssica Sánchez-González, Neus Aymamí, Laura Moragas, Anne Sauvaget, Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez, Eduardo Valenciano-Mendoza, Marie Grall-Bronnec, María Lozano-Madrid, Bernat Mora, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez, Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz, José M. Menchón, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Roser Granero, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Teresa Mena-Moreno, Mónica Gómez-Peña, Zaida Agüera, Ester Codina, Gemma Casalé-Salayet, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), University of Barcelona, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), We thank CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support. This manuscript and research was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Economıa y Competitividad (PSI2015-68701-R), Research funded by the Delegacion del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (2017I067 and 2019I47), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (FIS PI14/00290 and PI17/01167) and co-funded by FEDER funds /European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe. CIBERobn and CIBERSAM are both initiatives of ISCIII. Support was received from the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Ministry of Business and Knowledge of the Government of Catalonia. TMM, CVA and MLM are supported by a predoctoral Grant of the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte (FPU16/02087)., Bodescot, Myriam, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Questionnaires, Male, Psychometrics, Epidemiology, Gambling Addiction, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Social Sciences, 030508 substance abuse, Persones grans, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Elderly, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Mass Screening, Trastorns de la personalitat, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Statistics, Age Factors, Epidemiology of Aging, Joc compulsiu, Middle Aged, Confirmatory factor analysis, 3. Good health, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Convergent validity, Research Design, Scale (social sciences), Physical Sciences, Anxiety, Medicine, Female, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, Psicometria, Compulsive gambling, Factor Analysis, Research Article, Psychopathology, Clinical psychology, Science, Population, Addiction, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Cronbach's alpha, Diagnostic Medicine, Mental Health and Psychiatry, medicine, Humans, Statistical Methods, Personality disorders, education, Aged, Behavior, Survey Research, Biology and Life Sciences, Reproducibility of Results, 030227 psychiatry, Behavior, Addictive, ROC Curve, Age Groups, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Gambling, People and Places, Recreation, Population Groupings, Older people, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; The use of instruments originally developed for measuring gambling activity in younger populations may not be appropriate in older age individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of problematic and disordered gambling in seniors aged 50 or over, and study the reliability and validity properties of the SOGS (a screening measure to identify gambling related problems). Two independent samples were recruited: a clinical group of n = 47 patients seeking treatment at a Pathological Gambling Outpatient Unit, and a population-based group of n = 361 participants recruited from the same geographical area. Confirmatory factor analysis verified the bifactor structure for the SOGS with two correlated underlying dimensions [measuring the impact of gambling on the self primarily (Cronbach's alpha α = 0.87) or on both the self and others also (α = 0.82)], and a global dimension of gambling severity (also with excellent internal consistency, α = 0.90). The SOG obtained excellent accuracy/validity for identifying gambling severity based on the DSM-5 criteria (area under the ROC curve AUC = 0.97 for discriminating disordered gambling and AUC = 0.91 for discriminating problem gambling), and good convergent validity with external measures of gambling (Pearson's correlation R = 0.91 with the total number of DSM-5 criteria for gambling disorder, and R = 0.55 with the debts accumulated due to gambling) and psychopathology (R = 0.50, 0.43 and 0.44 with the SCL-90R depression, anxiety and GSI scales). The optimal cutoff point for identifying gambling disorder was 4 (sensitivity Se = 92.3% and specificity Sp = 98.6%) and 2 for identifying problem gambling (Se = 78.8% and Sp = 96.7%). This study provides empirical support for the reliability and validity of the SOGS for assessing problem gambling in elders, and identifies two specific factors that could help both research and clinical decision-making, based on the severity and consequences of the gambling activity.

Published
2020

14. Assessment of proximal femur microarchitecture using ultra-high field MRI at 7 Tesla

Author

Sandrine Guis, Martine Pithioux, Patrick Chabrand, David Bendahan, J.-C. Souplet, Alexandre Fouré, Monique Bernard, Maxime Guye, Daphné Guenoun, Pierre Champsaur, Vanessa Pauly, Jean-Camille Mattei, T. Le Corroller, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de médecine (AMU MED), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)

Subjects
Male, musculoskeletal diseases, Intraclass correlation, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Osteoporosis, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cadaver, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Femur, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, Bone mineral, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Microarchitecture, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Cadaveric spasm, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate bone microarchitecture of cadaveric proximal femurs using ultra-high field (UHF) 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare the corresponding metrics with failure load assessed during mechanical compression test and areal bone mineral density (ABMD) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Materials and methods ABMD of ten proximal femurs from five cadavers (5 women; mean age = 86.2 ± 3.8 (SD) years; range: 82.5–90 years) were investigated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular spacing, fractal dimension, Euler characteristics, connectivity density and degree of anisotropy of each femur was quantified using UHF MRI. The whole set of specimens underwent mechanical compression tests to failure. The inter-rater reliability of microarchitecture characterization was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Associations were searched using correlation tests and multiple regression analysis. Results The inter-rater reliability for bone microarchitecture parameters measurement was good with ICC ranging from 0.80 and 0.91. ABMD and the whole set of microarchitecture metrics but connectivity density significantly correlated with failure load. Microarchitecture metrics correlated to each other but did not correlate with ABMD. Multiple regression analysis disclosed that the combination of microarchitecture metrics and ABMD improved the association with failure load. Conclusion Femur bone microarchitecture metrics quantified using UHF MRI significantly correlated with biomechanical parameters. The multimodal assessment of ABMD and trabecular bone microarchitecture using UHF MRI provides more information about fracture risk of femoral bone and might be of interest for future investigations of patients with undetected osteoporosis.

Published
2020

15. Individuals have unique muscle activation signatures as revealed during gait and pedaling

Author

Thibault Deschamps, Lilian Lacourpaille, Clément Vogel, Sylvain Dorel, Eric Le Carpentier, François Hug, Kylie Tucker, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia., University of Queensland [Brisbane], School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia., Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Ligue Nord-Pas-de-Calais d'Athlétisme, LNPCA, Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Physiology, Computer science, Electromyography, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Gait (human), Robustness (computer science), Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Uniqueness, Muscle, Skeletal, Gait, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Pattern recognition, Muscle activation, 030229 sport sciences, Middle Aged, Motor coordination, Bicycling, Support vector machine, Female, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

Although it is known that the muscle activation patterns used to produce even simple movements can vary between individuals, these differences have not been considered to prove the existence of individual muscle activation strategies (or signatures). We used a machine learning approach (support vector machine) to test the hypothesis that each individual has unique muscle activation signatures. Eighty participants performed a series of pedaling and gait tasks, and 53 of these participants performed a second experimental session on a subsequent day. Myoelectrical activity was measured from eight muscles: vastus lateralis and medialis, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius lateralis and medialis, soleus, tibialis anterior, and biceps femoris -long head. The classification task involved separating data into training and testing sets. For the within-day classification, each pedaling/gait cycle was tested using the classifier, which had been trained on the remaining cycles. For the between-day classification, each cycle from day 2 was tested using the classifier, which had been trained on the cycles from day 1. When considering all eight muscles, the activation profiles were assigned to the corresponding individuals with a classification rate of up to 99.28% (2,353/2,370 cycles) and 91.22% (1,341/1,470 cycles) for the within-day and between-day classification, respectively. When considering the within-day classification, a combination of two muscles was sufficient to obtain a classification rate >80% for both pedaling and gait. When considering between-day classification, a combination of four to five muscles was sufficient to obtain a classification rate >80% for pedaling and gait. These results demonstrate that strategies not only vary between individuals, as is often assumed, but are unique to each individual. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used a machine learning approach to test the uniqueness and robustness of muscle activation patterns. We considered that, if an algorithm can accurately identify participants, one can conclude that these participants exhibit discernible differences and thus have unique muscle activation signatures. Our results show that activation patterns not only vary between individuals, but are unique to each individual. Individual differences should, therefore, be considered relevant information for addressing fundamental questions about the control of movement.

Published
2019

16. Early detection of exercise-induced muscle damage using elastography

Author

Gaël Guilhem, Antoine Nordez, Ricardo J. Andrade, Lilian Lacourpaille, Valentin Doguet, François Hug, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia., University of Queensland [Brisbane], Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Muscle stiffness, medicine.medical_specialty, Sports medicine, Physiology, Elbow, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Eccentric exercise, Concentric, Biceps, Shear modulus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Isometric Contraction, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, force deficit, Eccentric, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Myalgia, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Anatomy, Marker, musculoskeletal system, medicine.anatomical_structure, Torque, Cardiology, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Female, Elastography, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Physical Conditioning, Human
Abstract

International audience; Purpose : This study aimed to determine whether an increase in muscle shear modulus measured 30 min after eccentric exercise (30 min) reflects the magnitude of force deficit measured 48-h post-exercise (48 H).Methods : A total of 53 healthy participants were distributed in five groups. Four groups performed either repeated eccentric elbow flexions or knee extensions at either a low or high load. A fifth group performed repeated concentric elbow flexions (control load).Results : A significant decreased peak torque was found for elbow flexors and knee extensors 48 h after the eccentric exercises (all P values < 0.001). A significant increase in shear modulus was found at 30 min for the elbow flexors for low (+70.5 ± 44.3%, P < 0.001) and high load (+153.9 ± 192.4%, P < 0.001). Similarly, the shear modulus of knee extensors increased for low (+26.7 ± 19.1%, P < 0.001) and high load (+79.4 ± 67.1%, P < 0.001). The relative increase in shear modulus measured at 30 min was significantly correlated to the relative decrease in peak torque measured at 48 H for both elbow flexors (r = −0.80) and knee extensors (r = −0.82). A further analysis suggested that biceps brachii and rectus femoris were more affected by muscle damage than their synergists.Conclusion : This study shows that an increase in muscle shear modulus measured 30 min after a damaging exercise reflects the decrease in peak torque measured at 48 H. Shear modulus may therefore, provide a useful tool for coaches and clinicians to non-invasively estimate the amount of muscle damage induced by a damaging exercise.

Published
2017

17. Cryotherapy induces an increase in muscle stiffness

Author

A Frey, Maxime Point, François Hug, Gaël Guilhem, Lilian Lacourpaille, Antoine Nordez, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia., University of Queensland [Brisbane], and French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Pôle Médical

Subjects
Adult, Male, Muscle tissue, elastography, medicine.medical_specialty, cooling, medicine.medical_treatment, Urology, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Cryotherapy, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Muscle damage, Shear modulus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, shear modulus, Elastic Modulus, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle, Skeletal, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, ultrasound, Chemistry, business.industry, Ultrasound, 030229 sport sciences, Muscle stiffness, Muscle temperature, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Torque, Athletic Injuries, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Female, Ankle, supersonic shear imaging, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Gastrocnemius medialis
Abstract

Although cold application (ie, cryotherapy) may be useful to treat sports injuries and to prevent muscle damage, it is unclear whether it has adverse effects on muscle mechanical properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of air-pulsed cryotherapy on muscle stiffness estimated using ultrasound shear wave elastography. Myoelectrical activity, ankle passive torque, shear modulus (an index of stiffness), and muscle temperature of the gastrocnemius medialis were measured before, during an air-pulsed cryotherapy (-30 degrees C) treatment of four sets of 4minutes with 1-minute recovery in between and during a 40minutes postcryotherapy period. Muscle temperature significantly decreased after the second set of treatment (10minutes: 32.3 +/- 2.5 degrees C; P

Published
2017

18. Effects of Duchenne muscular dystrophy on muscle stiffness and response to electrically-induced muscle contraction: A 12-month follow-up

Author

Antoine Nordez, Jean-Yves Hogrel, Lilian Lacourpaille, Armelle Magot, Yann Péréon, François Hug, Raphaël Gross, Arnaud Guével, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia., University of Queensland [Brisbane], Centre de reference des maladies neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, CHU d'Angers et Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Rares de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte Nantes-Angers, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Thérapie des maladies du muscle strié, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, musculoskeletal diseases, Ultrafast ultrasound, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Myopathy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Duchenne muscular dystrophy, MESH: Adolescent Adult Child Elasticity Imaging Techniques Electric Stimulation Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Muscle Contraction / physiology* Muscle, Skeletal / diagnostic imaging Muscle, Skeletal / physiopathology* Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / diagnostic imaging Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / physiopathology* Ultrasonography Young Adult, Biceps, Young Adult, Electromechanical delay, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Child, Muscle, Skeletal, Genetics (clinical), Ultrasonography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, Muscle stiffness, medicine.disease, Electric Stimulation, Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne, Neurology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cardiology, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Neurology (clinical), Elastography, Evoked muscle force, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies, Muscle Contraction, Month follow up, Muscle contraction
Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the ability of muscle stiffness (shear modulus) and response to electrically-induced muscle contraction to detect changes in muscle properties over a 12-month period in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Ten children with DMD and nine age-matched healthy male controls participated in two experimental sessions (T 0 and T +12months ) separated by 12.4 ± 0.9 months. Two contractions of the biceps brachii were electrically-induced during which an ultrasound probe was placed over the muscle. The resting shear modulus was measured using elastography from six muscles. Evoked maximal torque was increased at T +12months in controls (+11.2 ± 7.6%, P 0.001) but was not modified in children with DMD ( P = 0.222). Electromechanical delay (+12.9 ± 11.3%, P 0.001) and its force transmission component (+10.1 ± 21.6%, P = 0.003) were significantly longer at T +12months than T 0 for children with DMD. The results revealed an increase in muscle stiffness at T +12months in children with DMD for tibialis anterior (+75.1 ± 93.5%, P = 0.043), gastrocnemius medialis (+144.8 ± 180.6%, P = 0.050) and triceps brachii (+35.5 ± 32.2%, P = 0.005). This 12-month follow-up study demonstrates that electromechanical delay and elastography may help detect subtle muscle impairments in patients with DMD. These sensitive outcomes may improve the follow-up of innovative therapeutic interventions within the field of DMD.

Published
2017

19. Influence of low muscle activation levels on the ankle torque and muscle shear modulus during plantar flexor stretching

Author

Raphaël Gross, François Hug, Antoine Nordez, Guillaume Le Sant, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Materials science, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Electromyography, Plantar flexion, Shear modulus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle, Skeletal, Joint (geology), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.diagnostic_test, Rehabilitation, Muscle activation, 030229 sport sciences, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Torque, Female, Ankle, Shear Strength, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Ankle torque, Gastrocnemius medialis, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

During stretching studies, surface electromyography (sEMG) is used to ensure the passive state of the muscle, for the characterization of passive muscle mechanical properties. Different thresholds (1%, 2% or 5% of maximal) are indifferently used to set "passive state". This study aimed to investigate the effects of a slight activity on the joint and muscle mechanical properties during stretching. The joint torque and muscle shear modulus of the triceps surae muscles were measured in fifteen healthy volunteers during ankle dorsiflexions: (i) in a "fully relaxed" state, (ii) during active conditions where participants were asked to produce an sEMG amplitude of 1%, 2% or 5% of their maximal sEMG amplitude of the triceps surae. The 1% condition was the only that did not result in significant differences in joint torque or shear modulus compared to the relaxed condition. In the 2% condition, increases in joint torque were found at 80% of the maximal angle in dorsiflexion, and in the shear modulus of gastrocnemius medialis and gastrocnemius lateralis at the maximal angle in dorsiflexion. During the 5% condition, joint torque and the shear modulus of gastrocnemius medialis were higher than during relaxed condition at angles larger than 40% of maximal angle in dorsiflexion. The results provide new insights on the thresholds that should be considered for the design of stretching studies. A threshold of 1% seems much more appropriate than a 2% or 5% threshold in healthy participants. Further studies are required to define similar thresholds for patients.

Published
2019

20. Surface properties affect the interplay between fascicles and tendinous tissues during landing

Author

Jennyfer Lecompte, Antoine Nordez, Giuseppe Rabita, Gaël Guilhem, Enzo Hollville, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak (IBHGC), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, Male, Ultrafast ultrasound, Materials science, Muscle mechanics, Physiology, Surface Properties, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Movement, Knee flexion, Lengthening contraction, Kinematics, Knee Joint, Muscle damage, Stiffness, Quadriceps Muscle, Tendons, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surface stiffness, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Joint (geology), [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, Leg, Energy dissipation, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Fascicle, musculoskeletal system, Tendon, Biomechanical Phenomena, body regions, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sport surface, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; Purpose: Muscle–tendon units are forcefully stretched during rapid deceleration events such as landing. Consequently, tendons act as shock absorbers by buffering the negative work produced by muscle fascicles likely to prevent muscle damage. Landing surface properties can also modulate the amount of energy dissipated by the body, potentially effecting injury risk. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of three different surfaces on the muscle–tendon interactions of gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and vastus lateralis (VL) during single- and double-leg landings from 50 cm.Methods: Ultrasound images, muscle activity and joint kinematics were collected for 12 participants. Surface testing was also performed, revealing large differences in mechanical behavior.Results: During single-leg landing, stiffer surfaces increased VL fascicle lengthening and velocity, and muscle activity independent of joint kinematics while GM length changes showed no difference between surfaces. Double-leg landing resulted in similar fascicle and tendon behavior despite greater knee flexion angles on stiffer surfaces.Conclusion: This demonstrates that VL fascicle lengthening is greater when the surface stiffness increases, when performing single-leg landing. This is due to the combination of limited knee joint flexion and lower surface absorption ability which resulted in greater mechanical demand mainly withstood by fascicles. GM muscle–tendon interactions remain similar between landing surfaces and types. Together, this suggests that surface damping properties primarily affect the VL muscle–tendon unit with a potentially higher risk of injury as a result of increased surface stiffness when performing single-leg landing tasks.

Published
2019

21. Hamstring muscle elasticity differs in specialized high-performance athletes

Author

A Frey, Simon Avrillon, Lilian Lacourpaille, Antoine Nordez, Gaël Guilhem, Guillaume Le Sant, François Hug, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia., University of Queensland [Brisbane], CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Pôle Médical, Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Flexibility (anatomy), Field hockey, Adolescent, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hamstring Muscles, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biceps, Shear modulus, 03 medical and health sciences, stiffness, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Elastic Modulus, Muscle Stretching Exercises, elite athletes, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, shear wave elastography, biology, business.industry, Athletes, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sprint, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Female, business, Range of motion, human activities, Hamstring, Physical Conditioning, Human, Sports
Abstract

International audience; The effect of training on hamstring flexibility has been widely assessed through the measurement of the maximal range of motion or passive torque. However, these global measures do not provide direct information on the passive muscle mechanical properties of individual muscle. This characterization is crucial to better understand the effect of interventions as selective adaptations may occur among synergist muscles. Taking advantage of shear wave elastography, we aimed to determine whether elite sport athletes exhibit different passive shear modulus of hamstring heads compared to controls. Passive shear modulus was measured on semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM), and biceps femoris (BF) using shear wave elastography with the knee flexed at 60° and 90°, and 90° of hip flexion. A total of 97 elite athletes from various sports including running sprint, figure skating, fencing, field hockey, taekwondo, basketball, and soccer and 12 controls were evaluated. The shear modulus measured at 60° of knee flexion was lower in SM for figure skating (P < .001; d = 1.8), taekwondo (P < .001; d = 2.1), fencing (P = .024; d = 1.0), and soccer (P = .011; d = 0.9) compared to controls, while no difference was found for athletic sprinters, field hockey, and basketball players. Shear modulus of the BF and ST muscle was not significantly different between controls and elite athletes, regardless of the sport specialization (all P values = 1). We provide evidence that the shear modulus of the SM is altered in athletes involved in elite sport practice performed over large range of motion and/or including substantial stretching program in training content (taekwondo, figure skating, fencing, and soccer).

Published
2019

22. Discipline and Sex Differences in Angle-specific Isokinetic Analysis in Elite Skiers

Author

Regis Mecca, Erick Nael, Marine Alhammoud, Mathew G Wilson, Christophe Hautier, Baptiste Morel, Clint Hansen, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, ASPETAR Research and Education Centre, Qatar Orthopaedic Sports Medecine Hospital, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Knee function, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Knee flexion, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hamstring Muscles, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Knee extension, Statistical parametric mapping, Quadriceps Muscle, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Sex Factors, Skiing, Screening method, Medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Knee, Full extension, Range of Motion, Articular, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Rehabilitation, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 030229 sport sciences, Biomechanical Phenomena, Torque, Linear Models, Female, business, Range of motion, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

Standard outcomes of traditional isokinetic testing do not detect differences between various muscle mechanical properties. This study i) explored a novel analysis throughout the range of motion based on statistical parametric mapping and ii) examined the impact of sex and discipline on hamstrings/quadriceps torque in elite alpine skiers. Twenty-eight national team skiers (14 females, 14 males; 14 technical, 14 speed) undertook an isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors/extensors (range 30–90°, 0° representing full extension). There was no effect of sex (p=0.864, d=0.03) and discipline (p=0.360, d=0.17) on maximal hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio and no effect of discipline on maximal torque (p>0.156, d≤0.25). Hamstrings torque and hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio were lower in females than males toward knee extension only (p

Published
2019

23. The 1,500-m Rowing Performance is Highly Dependent on Modified Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance in National-Level Adolescent Rowers

Author

Abderrahmane Rahmani, Frédéric Chorin, Hugo Maciejewski, Sébastien Ratel, Caroline Giroux, Julien Lardy, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs (LBMC UMR T9406), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Laboratory of Motricity, Interactions, Performance, University of Maine, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques - Clermont Auvergne (AME2P), and Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Adolescent, Anaerobic Threshold, Ergometry, Rowing, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Athletic Performance, Muscle mass, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, National level, Power output, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Wingate test, Mathematics, Anthropometry, 030229 sport sciences, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Exercise Test, Physical therapy, Female, Anaerobic exercise, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sports
Abstract

Purpose:The aim of the current study was to determine whether the anaerobic performance assessed by a modified Wingate test could account for the 1,500-m rowing ergometer performance in young competitive rowers.Methods:Fourteen national-level adolescent rowers performed on a rowing ergometer i) a 30-s allout exercise (i.e., modified Wingate test) and ii) a 1,500-m all-out exercise (i.e., rowing performance). For each of these two exercises, the mean power output was considered as the main performance criterion (PWIN and P1500, respectively).Results:PWIN was correlated to P1500 (r2 = .83, p < .0001, β = 100%). Furthermore, the estimated total muscle mass was correlated to PWIN and P1500 (r2 = .72 and r2 = .83, p < .0001, β = 100%, respectively). The allometric scaling also indicated that total muscle mass accounts 62% for the relationship between PWIN and P1500.Conclusion:Our results highlight the importance of considering the contribution of total muscle mass and anaerobic energy pathways to 1,500-m rowing performance in competitive adolescent rowers. Therefore, the modified Wingate test could be used by rowing coaches to potentially identify talented young rowers.

Published
2019

24. GLUcose COntrol Safety & Efficacy in type 2 DIabetes, a systematic review and NETwork meta-analysis

Author

Aurore Gouraud, Catherine Cornu, Behrouz Kassai-Koupai, Theodora Bejan-Angoulvant, Thomas Linet, François Gueyffier, Rémy Boussageon, Sylvie Erpeldinger, Faustine Glais, Augustin Metge, Michel Cucherat, Philippe Moulin, Fabrice Bonnet, Shams Ribault, Giao Nguyen, Guillaume Grenet, INL - Hétéroepitaxie et Nanostructures (INL - H&N), Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance, Université de Nantes (UN), Groupe innovation et ciblage cellulaire (GICC), EA 7501 [2018-...] (GICC EA 7501), Université de Tours, Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire de virologie, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC), Université de Tours (UT), ArcelorMittal R&D Packaging, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA, ArcelorMittal-ArcelorMittal, Evaluation et modélisation des effets thérapeutiques, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Pharmacotoxicologie [Lyon], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lyon, Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie - Lyon (SHUPT Lyon), Service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biochemistry, law.invention, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Endocrinology, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Medicine and Health Sciences, Insulin, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, Clinical Trials as Topic, Multidisciplinary, Pharmaceutics, Statistics, Drugs, Middle Aged, Metaanalysis, Type 2 Diabetes, 3. Good health, Metformin, Treatment Outcome, Research Design, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Female, Network Analysis, Research Article, medicine.drug, Computer and Information Sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, Endocrine Disorders, Clinical Research Design, Death Rates, medicine.drug_class, Science, Hypoglycemics, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Population Metrics, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Statistical Methods, Adverse effect, Aged, Pharmacology, Diabetic Endocrinology, Population Biology, business.industry, Biology and Life Sciences, medicine.disease, Hormones, Clinical trial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Metabolic Disorders, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Adverse Events, business, Mathematics, Mace, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

BackgroundThe last international consensus on the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) recommends SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 agonists for patients with clinical cardiovascular (CV) disease; metformin remains the first-line glucose lowering medication. Last studies suggested beneficial effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 agonists compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, in secondary CV prevention. Recently, a potential benefit of SGLT-2 inhibitors in primary CV prevention also has been suggested. However, no comparison of all the new and the old hypoglycemic drugs is available on CV outcomes. We aimed to compare the effects of old and new hypoglycemic drugs in T2D, on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality.Methods and findingsWe conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of clinical trials. Randomized trials, blinded or not, assessing contemporary hypoglycemic drugs on mortality or MACE in patients with T2D, were searched for in Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ClinicalTrials.gov. References screening and data extraction were done by multiple observers. Each drug was analyzed according to its therapeutic class. A random Bayesian network meta-analysis model was used. The primary outcomes were overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and MACE. Severe adverse events and severe hypoglycemia were also recorded. 175,966 patients in 34 trials from 1970 to 2018 were included. No trials evaluating glinides or alpha glucosidase inhibitors were found. 17 trials included a majority of patients with previous cardiovascular history, 16 trials a majority of patients without. Compared to control, SGLT-2 inhibitors were associated with a decreased risk of overall mortality (OR = 0.84 [95% CrI: 0.74; 0.95]), SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists with a decreased risk of MACE (OR = 0.89 [95% CrI: 0.81; 0.98] and OR = 0.88 [95% CrI: 0.81; 0.95], respectively). Compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors were associated with a decreased risk of overall mortality (OR = 0.82 [95% CrI: 0.69; 0.98]), GLP-1 agonists with a decreased risk of MACE (OR = 0.88 [95% CrI: 0.79; 0.99]). Insulin was also associated with an increased risk of MACE compared to GLP-1 agonists (OR = 1.19 [95% CrI: 1.01; 1.42]). Insulin and sulfonylureas were associated with an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia. In the trials including a majority of patients without previous CV history, the comparisons of SGLT-2 inhibitors, metformin and control did not showed significant differences on primary outcomes. We limited our analysis at the therapeutic class level.ConclusionsSGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists have the most beneficial effects, especially in T2D patients with previous CV diseases. Direct comparisons of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists and metformin are needed, notably in primary CV prevention.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42016043823.

Published
2019

25. Complex couplings between joints, muscles and performance: the role of the wrist in grasping

Author

Caumes, Mathieu, Goislard de Monsabert, Benjamin, Hauraix, Hugo, Berton, Eric, Vigouroux, Laurent, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)

Subjects
Male, Wrist Joint, Hand Strength, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Wrist, Models, Biological, Article, Mechanical engineering, Biomechanical Phenomena, body regions, Young Adult, Motor control, Humans, Regression Analysis, Computational models, Female, lcsh:Q, Muscle, Skeletal, lcsh:Science, Electrodes, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; The relationship between posture, muscle length properties and performance remains unclear, because of a lack of quantitative data. Studies on grasping tasks suggested that wrist position could favour the extrinsic finger flexor in regards to their length to maximise grip force performance. The present study aimed at providing quantitative evidence of the links between wrist posture, muscle capacities and grip capabilities. it combines experimental measurements and a musculoskeletal model including the force-length relationship of the four prime muscles used in grasping. participants exerted their maximum grip force on a cylindrical dynamometer in four different wrist postures, including one freely chosen by participants (spontaneous). A musculoskeletal model computed the muscle force level and length from motion capture and muscle activation. Results revealed that participants exerted maximum grip force spontaneously, with a loss of force when using other postures. At muscle force and length level, grip force variation seems to be associated with all the muscles under study. This observation led to a first quantitative link between power grip, posture and muscle properties, which could provide more insight into neuromechanical interaction involved when grasping. the design of ergonomic devices could also benefit from this quantification of the relationship between wrist angle and muscle length properties.

Published
2019

26. Energy Expenditure in Older People Hospitalized for an Acute Episode

Author

Bonnefoy, M., Gilbert, T., Normand, S., Jauffret, M., Roy, P., Morio, B., Cornu, C., Roche, S., Laville, M., Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service de médecine gériatrique, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Biostatistiques [Lyon], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), INRAE Transfert, CarMeN, laboratoire, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance, Université de Nantes (UN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, body composition, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Nutritional Requirements, Nutritional Status, Calorimetry, Indirect, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, frail elderly, Article, doubly labeled water, energy requirements, Hospitalization, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], aged, Acute Disease, Weight Loss, energy expenditure, energy metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Female, Energy Intake, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Weight loss and worsening of nutritional state is a frequent downfall of acute hospitalization in older people. It is usually accepted that acute inflammation is responsible for hypercatabolism. However, several studies suggest, on the contrary, a reduction in resting energy expenditure (REE). This study aimed to obtain a reliable measure of REE and total energy expenditure (TEE) in older patients hospitalized for an acute episode in order to better assess patients&rsquo, energy requirements and help understand the mechanisms of weight loss in this situation. Nineteen hospitalized older patients (mean age 83 years) with C-reactive protein (CRP) level &gt, 20mg/L were recruited. REE and TEE were measured using gold standard methods of indirect calorimetry and doubly labeled water (DLW), respectively. REE was then compared to data from a previous study on aged volunteers from nursing homes who were free of an acute stressor event. Energy requirements measured by DLW were confirmed at 1.3 &times, REE. Energy intake covered the needs but did not prevent weight loss in these patients. TEE was not increased in hospitalized patients and was not influenced by inflammation, while the relationship between REE and inflammation was uncertain. Our results suggest that lean mass remains the major determinant of REE in hospitalized older people and that weight loss may not be explained solely by a state of hypercatabolism.

Published
2019

27. Between-muscle differences in coactivation assessed using elastography

Author

Gaël Guilhem, François Hug, Simon Avrillon, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Knee Joint, Rotation, Vastus medialis, Biophysics, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Hamstring Muscles, Isometric exercise, Biceps, Quadriceps Muscle, Muscle coactivation, Shear modulus, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Isometric Contraction, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Muscle coactivity, Surface electromyography, Muscle, Skeletal, Hamstrings, medicine.diagnostic_test, Electromyography, business.industry, Ultrasound, 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, musculoskeletal system, Coactivation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Quadriceps, Shear wave elastography, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Female, Neurology (clinical), Elastography, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; PurposeThis study aimed to assess muscle coactivation in quadriceps and hamstring muscles using ultrasound shear wave elastography.MethodsDuring maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVC), both myoelectrical activity and shear modulus of antagonist muscles were measured (i.e., rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and vastus medialis during knee flexions and semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris long head during knee extensions). To account for changes induced by inevitable joint rotation during MVC, the shear modulus values were compared to those measured at the same knee angle during a passive cycle. The difference between these values was considered as coactivation.ResultsMyoelectrical activity was detected in all antagonist muscles (8.0 ± 4.9% of maximal EMG RMS). Significant differences were observed between shear modulus values measured during MVC and those measured at the matched knee angle for all muscles (range: 2.7–4.8 kPa; all p

Published
2018

28. Interactions between fascicles and tendinous tissues in gastrocnemius medialis and vastus lateralis during drop landing

Author

Jennyfer Lecompte, Antoine Nordez, Gaël Guilhem, Enzo Hollville, Giuseppe Rabita, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, ultrafast ultrasound, Deceleration, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kinematics, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biology, Quadriceps Muscle, Tendons, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Isometric Contraction, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Eccentric, MESH: Adult Biomechanical Phenomena Deceleration Electromyography Humans Isometric Contraction Male Muscle, Skeletal / diagnostic imaging Muscle, Skeletal / physiology* Quadriceps Muscle / diagnostic imaging Quadriceps Muscle / physiology Tendons / diagnostic imaging Tendons / physiology* Torque Ultrasonography Young Adult, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Ground reaction force, Muscle, Skeletal, Ultrasonography, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, Electromyography, Drop (liquid), [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, buffer mechanism, Fascicle, Biomechanical Phenomena, Tendon, muscle mechanics, medicine.anatomical_structure, fascicle lengthening, Torque, eccentric, Architectural gear ratio, Sciences du vivant, Gastrocnemius medialis
Abstract

Animal tendons have been shown to act as shock absorbers to protect muscle fascicles from exercise-induced damage during landing tasks. Meanwhile, the contribution of tendinous tissues to damping activities such as landing has been less explored in humans. The aim of this study was to analyze in vivo fascicle-tendon interactions during drop landing to better understand their role in energy dissipation. Ultrafast ultrasound images of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and vastus lateralis (VL), lower limb electromyographic activity, 2-D kinematics, and ground reaction forces were collected from twelve participants during single- and double-leg drop landings from various heights. For both muscles, length changes were higher in tendinous tissues than in fascicles, demonstrating their key role in protecting fascicles from rapid active lengthening. Increasing landing height increased lengthening and peak lengthening velocity of VL fascicle and GM architectural gear ratio, whereas GM fascicle displayed similar length and velocity patterns. Single-leg landing lengthens the tendinous tissues of GM and, to a greater degree, VL muscles, without affecting the fascicles. These findings demonstrate the adjustment in fascicle-tendon interactions to withstand mechanical demand through the tendon buffer action and fascicle rotation. The higher VL fascicle contribution to negative work as the drop height increases would suggest muscle-specific damping responses during drop landing. This can originate from the distal-to-proximal sequence of joint kinetics, from differences in muscle and tendon functions (one- and two-joint muscles), architectural and morphological properties (eg, tendon stiffness), as well as from the muscle activity of the GM and VL muscles. Enzo Hollville is funded by the Natural Grass company. We warmly thank Hugo Hauraix for his technical support.

Published
2018

29. Combined effects of aging and obesity on postural control, muscle activity and maximal voluntary force of muscles mobilizing ankle joint

Author

Wael Maktouf, Sébastien Boyas, Bruno Beaune, Camille Pouliquen, Sylvain Durand, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Rotation, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Electromyography, Overweight, Postural control, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Center of pressure (terrestrial locomotion), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, Obesity, 030212 general & internal medicine, Muscle activity, Muscle, Skeletal, Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Proprioception, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Rehabilitation, medicine.disease, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine.symptom, Ankle, business, Ankle Joint, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of age and/or obesity on postural control, ankle muscle activities during balance testing and force production capacities. Materials and methods 4 groups; control group (CG; n = 25; age = 31.8 ± 7.5 years; BMI = 21.4 ± 2.5 kg/m2), obese group (OG; n = 25; age = 34.4 ± 9.5 years; BMI = 39.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2), elderly group (EG; n = 15; age = 77.1 ± 8.4 years; BMI = 24.4 ± 1.3 kg/m2) and obese elderly group (ObEG; n = 12; age = 78.6 ± 6.6 years; BMI = 34.5 ± 3.1 kg/m2) performed maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) before testing to calculate the maximal relative force of ankle plantar flexor (PF) and dorsal flexor (DF) muscles. Center of pressure (CoP) parameters and the electromyography (EMG) activity of PF and DF muscles were collected during MVC, quiet standing and limit of stability (LoS) testing along antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes. Results Maximal relative force was higher in EG and ObEG than CG and OG, respectively (p 0.6; p −0.6; p Conclusion Obesity-related postural control alteration is associated with increased activity of PF. This neuromuscular adaptation may reflect deteriorations of the proprioceptive system and is likely additional to age-related muscular impairments. This may be a mechanism by which obesity increases postural control alterations in elderly.

Published
2018

30. Coordination of hamstrings is individual specific and is related to motor performance

Author

François Hug, Simon Avrillon, Gaël Guilhem, Aude Barthelemy, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), and University of Queensland [Brisbane]

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Hamstring Muscles, Isometric exercise, Electromyography, Biceps, muscle endurance, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Physiology (medical), Muscle Stretching Exercises, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Hamstrings, Hamstring injury, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Muscle endurance, medicine.disease, muscle torque, Healthy Volunteers, Muscle torque, Torque, Fascicle length, individual coordination, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Hamstring, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

The torque-sharing strategies between synergistic muscles may have important functional consequences. This study involved two experiments. The first experiment ( n = 22) aimed 1) to determine the relationship between the distribution of activation and the distribution of torque-generating capacity among the heads of the hamstring, and 2) to describe individual torque-sharing strategies and to determine whether these strategies are similar between legs. The second experiment ( n = 35) aimed to determine whether the distribution of activation between the muscle heads affects endurance performance during a sustained submaximal knee flexion task. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (ST) during submaximal isometric knee flexions. Torque-generating capacity was estimated by measuring muscle volume, fascicle length, pennation angle, and moment arm. The product of the normalized EMG amplitude and the torque-generating capacity was used as an index of muscle torque. The distributions of muscle activation and of torque-generating capacity were not correlated significantly (all P > 0.18). Thus, there was a torque imbalance between the muscle heads (ST torque > BF and SM torque; P < 0.001), the magnitude of which varied greatly between participants. A significant negative correlation was observed between the imbalance of activation across the hamstring muscles and the time to exhaustion ( P < 0.001); i.e., the larger the imbalance of activation across muscles, the lower the muscle endurance performance. Torque-sharing strategies between the heads of the hamstrings are individual specific and related to muscle endurance performance. Whether these individual strategies play a role in hamstring injury remains to be determined. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The distribution of activation among the heads of the hamstring is not related to the distribution of torque-generating capacity. The torque-sharing strategies within hamstring muscles vary greatly between individuals but are similar between legs. Hamstring coordination affects endurance performance; i.e., the larger the imbalance of activation across the muscle heads, the lower the muscle endurance.

Published
2018

31. Muscle force loss and soreness subsequent to maximal eccentric contractions depend on the amount of fascicle strainin vivo

Author

Lilian Lacourpaille, Antoine Nordez, Hugo Hauraix, Sylvain Dorel, Valentin Doguet, Gaël Guilhem, Marc Jubeau, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)

Subjects
Male, Muscle fascicle, Physiology, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Strain (injury), Achilles Tendon, 03 medical and health sciences, muscle damage, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, Elastic Modulus, Humans, Medicine, Muscle Strength, Muscle, Skeletal, shear wave elastography, Achilles tendon, Muscle Weakness, business.industry, Work (physics), Myalgia, ultrasonography, 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, Fascicle, medicine.disease, Compliance (physiology), fascicle lengthening, medicine.anatomical_structure, Architectural gear ratio, Physical Endurance, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

International audience; Aim: Defining the origins of muscle injury has important rehabilitation and exercise applications. However, current knowledge of muscle damage mechanics in human remains unclear in vivo. This study aimed to determine the relationships between muscle–tendon unit mechanics during maximal eccentric contractions and the extent of subsequent functional impairments induced by muscle damage.Methods: The length of the muscle–tendon unit, fascicles and tendinous tissues was continuously measured on the gastrocnemius medialis using ultrasonography, in time with torque, during 10 sets of 30 maximal eccentric contractions of plantar flexors at 45°s -1, in seventeen participants.Results: Muscle–tendon unit, fascicles and tendinous tissues were stretched up to 4.44 ± 0.33 cm, 2.31 ± 0.64 cm and 1.92 ± 0.61 cm respectively. Fascicle stretch length, lengthening amplitude and negative fascicle work beyond slack length were significantly correlated with the force decrease 48 h post-exercise (r=0.51, 0.47 and 0.68, respectively; P

Published
2016

32. The potential role of sciatic nerve stiffness in the limitation of maximal ankle range of motion

Author

Andrade, Ricardo J., Freitas, Sandro R., Hug, François, Le Sant, Guillaume, Lacourpaille, Lilian, Gross, Raphäel, McNair, Peter, Nordez, Antoine, Nantes Université, Bibliothèque universitaire, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Interdisciplinary centre for the study of human performance CIPER, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), and Université de Brest (UBO)

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, Male, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Plantar Flexors, Article, Young Adult, Dorsiflexion, [SPI.MECA.BIOM] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Range of Motion, Articular, lcsh:Science, Muscle, Skeletal, Shear Wave Elastography, lcsh:R, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], musculoskeletal system, Sciatic Nerve, Sciatic Nerve Stretch, Elasticity, Biomechanical Phenomena, body regions, Nerve Stiffness, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, lcsh:Q, Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Ankle Joint
Abstract

International audience; It is a long held belief that maximal joint range of motion (ROM) is restricted by muscle tension. However, it exists indirect evidence suggesting that this assumption may not hold true for some joint configurations where non-muscular structures, such as the peripheral nerves, are stretched. Direct evidences are lacking. This study aimed to determine whether a static stretching aiming to load the sciatic nerve without stretch within plantar flexors is effective to: (i) alter nerve stiffness; and (ii) increase the ankle’s maximal ROM. Passive maximal ankle ROM in dorsiflexion was assessed with the hip flexed at 90° (HIP-flexed) or neutral (HIP-neutral, 0°). Sciatic nerve stiffness was estimated using shear wave elastography. Sciatic nerve stretching induced both a 13.3 ± 7.9% (P

Published
2018

33. Local Texture Anisotropy as an Estimate of Muscle Quality in Ultrasound Imaging

Author

Jean-Yves Hogrel, Damien Bachasson, Lilian Lacourpaille, Olivier Benveniste, Guillaume Dubois, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM), Service de médecine interne et d'immunologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Service de Département de médecine interne et immunologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (DMIIC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Male, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Quantitative muscle ultrasound, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Local pattern texture anisotropy, Biophysics, Biceps, Muscle dystrophy, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Echogenicity, Region of interest, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Texture (crystalline), Muscle, Skeletal, Anisotropy, Ultrasonography, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Muscle quality, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Ultrasound, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, humanities, Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne, Texture analysis, Female, Inclusion body myositis, Nuclear medicine, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This study introduces local pattern texture anisotropy as a novel parameter to differentiate healthy and disordered muscle and to gauge the severity of muscle impairments based on B-mode ultrasound images. Preliminary human results are also presented. A local pattern texture anisotropy index (TAI) was computed in one region of interest in the short head of the biceps brachii. The effects of gain settings and box sizes required for TAI computation were investigated. Between-day reliability was studied in patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis (n = 26). The ability of the TAI to discriminate dystrophic from healthy muscle was evaluated in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and healthy controls (n = 16). TAI values were compared with a gray-scale index (GSI). TAI values were less influenced by gain settings than were GSI values. TAI had lower between-day variability (typical error = 2.3%) compared with GSI (typical error = 2.3% vs. 8.3%, respectively). Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy had lower TAIs than controls (0.76 ± 0.06 vs. 0.87 ± 0.03, respectively, p

Published
2018

34. Methodological Considerations on the Relationship Between the 1,500-M Rowing Ergometer Performance and Vertical Jump in National-Level Adolescent Rowers

Author

Hugo Maciejewski, Pierre Samozino, Frédéric Chorin, Sébastien Ratel, Abderrahmane Rahmani, Julien Lardy, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques - Clermont Auvergne (AME2P), Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Ergometry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Rowing, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Athletic Performance, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Vertical jump, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Squat jump, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, National level, Power output, Young male, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics, Water Sports, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Jump, Exercise Test, Training program
Abstract

Maciejewski, H, Rahmani, A, Chorin, F, Lardy, J, Samozino, P, and Ratel, S. Methodological considerations on the relationship between the 1,500-m rowing ergometer performance and vertical jump in national-level adolescent rowers. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 3000-3007, 2019-The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 3 different approaches for evaluating squat jump performance were correlated with rowing ergometer performance in elite adolescent rowers. Fourteen young male competitive rowers (15.3 ± 0.6 years), who took part in the French rowing national championships, performed a 1,500-m all-out rowing ergometer performance (P1500) and a squat jump (SJ) test. The performance in SJ was determined by calculating the jump height (HSJ in cm), a jump index (ISJ = HSJ·body mass·gravity, in J), and the mean power output (PSJ in W) from the Samozino et al.'s method. Furthermore, allometric modeling procedures were used to consider the importance of body mass (BM) in the relationships between P1500 and jump scores. P1500 was significantly correlated with HSJ (r = 0.29, p ≤ 0.05), ISJ (r = 0.72, p < 0.0001), and PSJ (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, BM explained at least 96% of the relationships between SJ and rowing performances. However, the similarity between both allometric exponents for PSJ and P1500 (1.15 and 1.04, respectively) indicates that BM could influence jump and rowing ergometer performances at the same rate, and that PSJ could be the best correlate of P1500. Therefore, the calculation of power seems to be more relevant than HSJ and ISJ to (a) evaluate jump performance and (b) infer the capacity of adolescent rowers to perform 1,500-m all-out rowing ergometer performance, irrespective of their body mass. This could help coaches to improve their training program and potentially identify talented young rowers.

Published
2018

35. The slack test does not assess maximal shortening velocity of muscle fascicles in humans

Author

Antoine Couturier, Antoine Nordez, Sylvain Dorel, Jacques Duchateau, Giuseppe Rabita, Robin Hager, Hugo Hauraix, Gaël Guilhem, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institute of Neuroscience [Bruxelles], Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), and Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Contraction (grammar), Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Isometric torque, Aquatic Science, Tendons, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Isometric Contraction, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Muscle, Skeletal, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ultrasonography, Mathematics, Muscle-tendon interaction, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, Unloaded velocity, Muscle–tendon interaction, Muscle activation, 030229 sport sciences, Test method, Fascicle, High frame rate ultrasound, Biomechanical Phenomena, Insect Science, Shortening velocity, Reflex, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Ankle Joint, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Gastrocnemius medialis, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

The application of a series of extremely high accelerative motor-driven quick releases while muscles contract isometrically (i.e. slack test) has been proposed to assess unloaded velocity in human muscle. This study aimed to measure gastrocnemius medialis fascicle (VF) and tendinous tissues shortening velocity during motor-driven quick releases performed at various activation levels to assess the applicability of the slack test method in human. Maximal fascicle shortening velocity and joint velocity recorded during quick releases and during fast contraction without external load (ballistic condition) were compared. Gastrocnemius medialis fascicle behaviour was investigated from 25 participants using high-frame rate ultrasound during quick releases performed at various activation levels (from 0% to 60% of maximal voluntary isometric torque) and ballistic contractions. Unloaded joint velocity calculated using the slack test method increased whereas VF decreased with muscle activation level (P≤0.03). Passive and low-level quick releases elicited higher VF values (≥ 41.4±9.7 cm.s−1) compared to ballistic condition (36.3±8.7 cm.s−1), while quick releases applied at 60% of maximal voluntary isometric torque produced the lowest VF. These findings suggest that initial fascicle length, complex fascicle-tendon interactions, unloading reflex and motor-driven movement pattern strongly influence and limit the shortening velocity achieved during the slack test. Furthermore, VF elicited by quick releases is likely to reflect substantial contributions of passive processes. Therefore, the slack test is not appropriate to assess maximal muscle shortening velocity in vivo.

Published
2018

36. Force-Length Relationship Modeling of Wrist and Finger Flexor Muscles

Author

Alexis Herbaut, Benjamin Goislard de Monsabert, Laurent Vigouroux, Eric Berton, Hugo Hauraix, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Decathlon, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, 0206 medical engineering, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 02 engineering and technology, Electromyography, Isometric exercise, Kinematics, Wrist, Fingers, Metacarpophalangeal Joint, TENDON, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, MODELING, Isometric Contraction, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, Muscle, Skeletal, ULTRASOUND, Mathematics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, Biomechanics, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], 020601 biomedical engineering, FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS, Biomechanical Phenomena, FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS, medicine.anatomical_structure, Torque, MUSCULOSKELETAL MODEL, medicine.symptom, Range of motion, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle contraction, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

International audience; Introduction Because the hand joints possess a broad range of motion, the muscle length can vary importantly which might result in significant variations of the muscle force-generating capacities. However, facing the complexity of this musculoskeletal system, no study has examined the effect of hand muscle length change on muscle force. This study aimed to characterize the force-length relationship of muscles involved in wrist and metacarpophalangeal flexion.Methods Eleven participants performed two sessions: (i) one for the wrist flexor muscles and (ii) one for the finger flexor muscles. For each session, the participants performed two maximal voluntary contractions and then two progressive isometric ramps from 0% to 100% of their maximal force capacity at five different wrist/metacarpophalangeal angles. Torque, kinematic, and electromyographic data were recorded. An ultrasound scanner was used to measure the myotendinous junction displacement of flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) during isometric contractions. A three-dimensional relationship between muscle length, force, and activation level was modeled using optimization procedure.Results Globally, the FCR was stronger and shorter compared with FDS. The results showed that the three-dimensional relationships fitted well the experimental data (mean R-2 = 0.92 0.07 and 0.87 +/- 0.11 for FCR and FDS, respectively). Using joint angle and EMG data, this approach allows to estimate the muscle force with low estimation errors (9% of F-max).Conclusions This study proposes a new method to investigate the force-length relationship by combining ultrasound measurement, musculoskeletal modeling and optimization procedures. The data and relationships provide a new insight into hand biomechanics and muscle function that could be useful for designing hand tools or surgical operations.

Published
2018

37. Deconditioning, fatigue and impaired quality of life in long-term survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Author

Béatrice Delasalle, Patricia Lemarchand, Arnaud Chambellan, Patrice Chevallier, François-Xavier Blanc, Guillaume Lamirault, Bastien Perrot, Bastien Forestier, S. Dirou, Thierry Guillaume, Antoine Magnan, Pierre-Antoine Gourraud, Alice Garnier, Pierre Peterlin, P. Germaud, unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Service d'Hématologie [Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Immunobiology of Human αβ and γδ T Cells and Immunotherapeutic Applications (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 1), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Plateforme de Biométrie, Université de Nantes (UN), COACTIS (COACTIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), and This work was supported in part by Genavie Foundation. Pierre-Antoine Gourraud is supported by ATIP-Avenir INSERM program, the Nantes Metropole & Region Pays de Loire-ConnecTalent program and The Nantes University Foundation.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Pulmonary function testing, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Deconditioning, Quality of life, Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Transplantation, Homologous, Prospective Studies, Survivors, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, Exercise, Fatigue, Aged, Transplantation, business.industry, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, VO2 max, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Hematology, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Respiratory Function Tests, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Physical deconditioning, Cardiology, Exercise Test, Quality of Life, Female, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030215 immunology
Abstract

International audience; Long-term survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) are at high risk for treatment-related adverse events, that may worsen physical capacity and may induce fatigue and disability. The aims of this prospective study were to evaluate exercise capacity in allotransplant survivors and its relationship with fatigue and disability. Patient-reported outcomes and exercise capacity were evaluated in 71 non-relapse patients 1 year after allo-HSCT, using validated questionnaires, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with measure of peak oxygen uptake (peakVO2) and deconditioning, pulmonary function testing, echocardiography and 6-min walk test. A high proportion (75.4%) of allo-HSCT survivors showed abnormal cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters as compared to predicted normal values, including 49.3% patients who exhibited moderate to severe impairment in exercise capacity and 37.7% patients with physical deconditioning. PeakVO2 values were not accurately predicted by 6-min walk distances (r = 0.53). Disability and fatigue were strongly associated with decreased peakVO2 values (p = 0.002 and p = 0.008, respectively). Exercise capacity was reduced in most allo-HSCT long-term survivors. Because reduced exercise capacity was associated with fatigue, disability and a decrease in quality of life, cardiopulmonary exercise testing should be performed in every patient who reports fatigue and disability.

Published
2017

38. Maximal shortening velocity during plantar flexion: Effects of pre-activity and initial stretching state

Author

Giuseppe Rabita, Robin Hager, Antoine Nordez, N. Beaumatin, Sylvain Dorel, Hugo Hauraix, Gaël Guilhem, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP)

Subjects
Muscle fascicle, Adult, Male, tendon, unloaded shortening, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Isometric exercise, Plantar flexion, Tendons, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Isometric Contraction, medicine, Gastrocnemius, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, Muscle, Skeletal, plantar flexion, Ultrasonography, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, Chemistry, business.industry, ultrasound, Ultrasound, 030229 sport sciences, Fascicle, Tendon, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, passive velocity, Shortening velocity, elasticity, Ankle, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Ankle Joint, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; We investigated the effects of the initial length of the muscle- tendon unit (MTU) and muscle pre- activation on muscle- tendon interactions during plantarflexion performed at maximal velocity. Ultrasound images of gastrocnemius medialis were obtained on 11 participants in three conditions: (a) active plantarflexion performed at maximal velocity from three increasingly stretched positions (10°, 20°, and 30° dorsiflexion), (b) passive plantarflexion induced by a quick release of the ankle joint from the same three positions, and (c) pre- activation, which consisted of a maximal isometric contraction of the plantarflexors at 10° of dorsiflexion followed by a quick release of ankle joint. During the active condition at maximal velocity, initial MTU stretch positively influenced ankle joint velocity (+15.3%) and tendinous tissues shortening velocity (+37.6%) but not the shortening velocity peak value reached by muscle fascicle. The muscle fascicle was shortened during the passive condition; however, its shortening velocity never exceeded peak velocity measured in the active condition. Muscle pre- activation resulted in a considerable increase in ankle joint (+114.7%) and tendinous tissues velocities (+239.1%), although we observed a decrease in muscle fascicle shortening velocity. During active plantarflexion at maximal velocity, initial MTU length positively influences ankle joint velocity by increasing the contribution of tendinous tissues. Although greater initial stretch of the plantarflexors (ie, 30° dorsiflexion) increased the passive velocity of the fascicle during initial movement, its peak velocity was not affected. As muscle pre- activation prevented reaching the maximal muscle fascicle shortening velocity, this condition should be used to characterize tendinous tissues rather than muscle contractile properties.

Published
2017

39. Relationship between Force-Velocity Profiles and 1,500-m Ergometer Performance in Young Rowers

Author

Frédéric Chorin, Caroline Giroux, Hugo Maciejewski, Julien Lardy, Sébastien Ratel, Abderrahmane Rahmani, Amal Ben-Abdessamie, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), French Rowing Federation, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques - Clermont Auvergne (AME2P), Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Male, Competitive Behavior, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Rowing, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Athletic Performance, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Lower limb, Body Mass Index, Upper Extremity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Squat jump, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Contraction velocity, Muscle Strength, Power output, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Sports, Mathematics, Physical conditioning, 030229 sport sciences, Lower Extremity, Exercise Test, Physical therapy, Force velocity, Physical Conditioning, Human
Abstract

Rowing races require developing high level of force and power output at high contraction velocity. This study determined the force-velocity and power-velocity (F-P-V) profiles of lower and upper limbs of adolescent rowers and their relationships with a 1,500-m rowing ergometer performance. The power developed during the 1,500-m (P1500) was evaluated in fourteen national-level male rowers (age: 15.3±0.6 yrs). F-P-V profiles were assessed during bench pull (BP) and squat jump (SJ) exercises. The theoretical maximal values of force (F0), velocity (V0), power output (Pmax) and the F-V relationship slope (S FV ) were determined. The body mass (BM) influence on these relationships was considered using an allometric approach. F0 was 720±144 and 2146±405 N, V0 was 1.8±0.1 and 1.8±0.3 m·s−1, Pmax was 333±83 and 968±204 W and SFV was −391±54 and −1,200±260 N·s·m−1 for BP and SJ, respectively. Upper and lower limb F0 and Pmax were significantly related. P1500 was significantly (P

Published
2017

40. Sit-to-stand tests for COPD: A literature review

Author

Claire de Bisschop, Arnaud Chambellan, Trija Vaidya, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) (MOVE), Université de Poitiers, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Sit-to-stand test, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Walk Test, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Quality of life, Exercise tolerance, Field test, Functional capacity, medicine, Humans, COPD, Pulmonary rehabilitation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Muscle Strength, Set (psychology), Evaluation, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Modalities, Sit to stand, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Test (assessment), 030228 respiratory system, Physical therapy, Exercise Test, Quality of Life, Functional status, Female, business
Abstract

International audience; Background: Sit-to-stand tests (STST) have recently been developed as easy-to-use field tests to evaluate exercise tolerance in COPD patients. As several modalities of the test exist, this review presents a synthesis of the advantages and limitations of these tools with the objective of helping health professionals to identify the STST modality most appropriate for their patients.Method: Seventeen original articles dealing with STST in COPD patients have been identified and analysed including eleven on 1min-STST and four other versions of the test (ranging from 5 to 10 repetitions and from 30 s to 3 min). In these studies the results obtained in sit-to-stand tests and the recorded physiological variables have been correlated with the results reported in other functional tests.Results: A good set of correlations was achieved between STST performances and the results reported in other functional tests, as well as quality of life scores and prognostic index. According to the different STST versions the processes involved in performance are different and consistent with more or less pronounced associations with various physical qualities. These tests are easy to use in a home environment, with excellent metrological properties and responsiveness to pulmonary rehabilitation, even though repetition of the same movement remains a fragmented and restrictive approach to overall physical evaluation.Conclusions: The STST appears to be a relevant and valid tool to assess functional status in COPD patients. While all versions of STST have been tested in COPD patients, they should not be considered as equivalent or interchangeable.

Published
2017

41. Muscle fascicle shortening behaviour of vastus lateralis during a maximal force–velocity test

Author

Sylvain Dorel, Hugo Hauraix, Gaël Guilhem, Giuseppe Rabita, Antoine Nordez, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Muscle fascicle, Adult, Male, Adolescent, Knee Joint, Physiology, Force–velocity relationship · Ultrafast ultrasound · Fascicles–tendon interactions · High velocity · Knee extension, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Knee extension, Tendons, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Knee, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, Knee extensors, Electromyography, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Anatomy, musculoskeletal system, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Shortening velocity, Ultrasound imaging, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Force velocity, Gastrocnemius medialis, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

Muscle fascicles–tendon interactions are the main determinant in production of high joint velocity. Currently, no study has investigated the muscle fascicles behaviour of knee extensor muscles until the highest reachable velocity (e.g., unloaded knee extension). We aimed to track the changes in vastus lateralis fascicles length during knee extensions to quantify muscle fascicles and tendinous tissues contributions to muscle–tendon unit shortening and to determine maximal muscle fascicles shortening velocity. Fifteen participants performed isokinetic and isoinertial knee extensions, and ultrafast ultrasound imaging was used to observe the vastus lateralis fascicles from low to very high joint velocity. The muscle fascicles shortening velocity increased linearly with the increase in knee joint velocity up to the maximal joint velocity (mean R 2 = 0.93 ± 0.08). Muscle fascicles contribution to muscle–tendon unit shortening velocity was almost constant regardless of the condition (83 ± 23%). Using Hill’s equation, the maximal velocity of knee joint and muscle fascicles was determined at 1000 ± 489°s−1 and 5.1 ± 2.0 L0 s−1 (47.4 ± 18.7 cm s−1), respectively. Contribution of muscle fascicles to the muscle–tendon unit shortening velocity was much higher for the vastus lateralis in this study compared to the gastrocnemius medialis in two previous studies. Moreover, this contribution of muscle fascicles shortening velocity was constant whatever the velocity condition, even at the highest reachable velocity. Thus, the vastus lateralis fascicles shortening velocity increases linearly with the knee joint velocity until high velocities and its behaviour strongly accorded with the classical Hill’s force–velocity relationship.

Published
2017

42. Age-related decline in endurance running performance – An example of a multiple World records holder

Author

Thomas Cattagni, Romuald Lepers, Lepers, Romuald, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Male, Aging, Competitive Behavior, History, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Age related, Task Performance and Analysis, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Nutrition and Dietetics, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Age Factors, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Athletes, Physical Fitness, Physical Endurance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract

This study examined the age-related decline in endurance running performance of one of the greatest master runners ever, Ed Whitlock, who died recently. His running performances from 1500 m to marathon were analyzed for 5 periods of 5 years from 65–69 years to 85–89 years. Despite exceptional running performances for his advanced age, the rate of decline in his performances increased after 80 years and was drastically amplified after 85 years.

Published
2017

43. Effects of warm‐up on hamstring muscles stiffness: Cycling vs foam rolling

Author

Antonio J. Morales-Artacho, Gaël Guilhem, Lilian Lacourpaille, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad de Granada (UGR), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hamstring muscles, elastography, Materials science, Warm-Up Exercise, active warm-up, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hamstring Muscles, Shear modulus, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Elastic Modulus, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, Massage, Electromyography, Stiffness, 030229 sport sciences, Muscle stiffness, Surgery, Bicycling, Passive torque, risk of muscle injuries, Torque, passive warm-up, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Foam rolling, passive torque, medicine.symptom, Cycling, Range of motion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; This study investigated the effects of active and/or passive warm-up tasks on the hamstring muscles stiffness through elastography and passive torque measurements. On separate occasions, fourteen males randomly completed four warm-up protocols comprising Control, Cycling, Foam rolling, or Cycling plus Foam rolling (Mixed). The stiffness of the hamstring muscles was assessed through shear wave elastography, along with the passive torque-angle relationship and maximal range of motion (ROM) before, 5, and 30 minutes after each experimental condition. At 5 minutes, Cycling and Mixed decreased shear modulus (−10.3% ± 5.9% and −7.7% ± 8.4%, respectively; P≤.0003, effect size [ES]≥0.24) and passive torque (−7.17% ± 8.6% and −6.2% ± 7.5%, respectively; P≤.051, ES≥0.28), and increased ROM (+2.9% ± 2.9% and +3.2% ± 3.5%, respectively; P≤.001, ES≥0.30); 30 minutes following Mixed, shear modulus (P=.001, ES=0.21) and passive torque (P≤.068, ES≥0.2) were still slightly decreased, while ROM increased (P=.046, ES=0.24). Foam rolling induced “small” immediate short-term decreases in shear modulus (−5.4% ± 5.7% at 5 minutes; P=.05, ES=0.21), without meaningful changes in passive torque or ROM at any time point (P≥.12, ES≤0.23). These results suggest that the combined warm-up elicited no acute superior effects on muscle stiffness compared with cycling, providing evidence for the key role of active warm-up to reduce muscle stiffness. The time between warm-up and competition should be considered when optimizing the effects on muscle stiffness.

Published
2017

44. Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Author

Foure, Alexandre, Duhamel, Guillaume, Vilmen, Christophe, Bendahan, David, Jubeau, Marc, GONDIN, JULIEN, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), edukem, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, T2, Echo-Planar Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Organ Size, Recovery of Function, spin-echo sequence, Image Enhancement, Sensitivity and Specificity, Quadriceps Muscle, Magnetic Fields, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, crmbm, Humans, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, skeletal muscle, Exercise, Algorithms, Muscle Contraction, MRI
Abstract

International audience; PURPOSE: To assess and validate a technique for transverse relaxation time (T2 ) measurements of resting and recovering skeletal muscle following exercise with a high temporal resolution and large volume coverage using segmented spin-echo echo-planar imaging (sSE-EPI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were performed on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner using a multislice sSE-EPI technique applied at different echo times (TEs). T2 measurements were first validated in vitro in calibrated T2 phantoms (range: 25-152 ms) by comparing sSE-EPI, standard spin-echo (SE), and multislice multiecho (MSME) techniques (using a fitting procedure or a 2-TEs calculation). In vivo measurements of resting T2 quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle were performed with both sSE-EPI and MSME sequences. Finally, sSE-EPI was used to quantify T2 changes in recovering muscle after an exercise. RESULTS: T2 values measured in vitro with sSE-EPI were similar to those assessed with SE (P \textgreater 0.05). In vitro and in vivo T2 measurements obtained with sSE-EPI were independent of the T2 determination procedure (P \textgreater 0.05). In contrast, both in vitro and in vivo T2 values derived from MSME were significantly different when using 2-TEs calculation as compared to the fitting procedure (P \textless 0.05). sSE-EPI allowed the detection of increased T2 values in the QF muscle immediately after exercise (+14 ± 9%), while lower T2 values were recorded less than 2 min afterwards (P \textless 0.05). CONCLUSION: sSE-EPI sequence is a relevant method to monitor exercise-induced T2 changes of skeletal muscles over large volume coverage and to detect abnormal patterns of muscle activation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016.

Published
2017

45. Influence of Isoinertial-Pneumatic Mixed Resistances on Force-Velocity Relationship

Author

François Hug, Gaël Guilhem, Boris Jidovtseff, Simon Avrillon, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences - University of Liège, Université de Liège, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Muscle strengthening, Weight Lifting, Movement, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, variable resistance, Concentric, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, maximal power, exercise modality, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, Simulation, Mathematics, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, constant load, Variable resistance, Resistance Training, 030229 sport sciences, Constant load, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Force velocity, Biomedical engineering, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

Purpose:Muscle strengthening is commonly based on the use of isoinertial loading, whereas variable resistances such as pneumatic loading may be implemented to optimize training stimulus. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of the ratio between pneumatic and isoinertial resistance on the force–velocity relationship during ballistic movements.Methods:A total of 15 participants performed 2 concentric repetitions of ballistic bench-press movements with intention to throw the bar at 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, and 90% of the maximal concentric repetition with 5 resistance ratios including 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, or 0% of pneumatic resistance, the additional load being isoinertial. Force-, velocity-, and power-time patterns were assessed and averaged over the concentric phase to determine the force–velocity and power–velocity relationships for each resistance ratio.Results:Each 25% increase in the pneumatic part in the resistance ratio elicited higher movement velocity (+0.11 ± 0.03 m/s from 0% to 80% of the concentric phase) associated with lower force levels (–43.6 ± 15.2 N). Increased isoinertial part in the resistance ratio resulted in higher velocity toward the end of the movement (+0.23 ± 0.01 m/s from 90% to 100%).Conclusions:The findings show that the resistance ratio could be modulated to develop the acceleration phase and force toward the end of the concentric phase (pneumatic-oriented resistance). Inversely, isoinertial-oriented resistance should be used to develop maximal force and maximal power. Resistance modality could, therefore, be considered an innovative variable to modulate the training stimulus according to athletic purposes.

Published
2017

46. Slack length of gastrocnemius medialis and Achilles tendon occurs at different ankle angles

Author

Antoine Nordez, Lilian Lacourpaille, François Hug, Olivier Maïsetti, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia., University of Queensland [Brisbane], Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, musculoskeletal diseases, Materials science, Supersonic shear imaging, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Passive stretching, Achilles Tendon, Shear elastic modulus, Stiffness, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Elastic Modulus, Gastrocnemius, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle, Skeletal, Orthodontics, Achilles tendon, medicine.diagnostic_test, Electromyography, Rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, musculoskeletal system, Tendon, Slack length, medicine.anatomical_structure, Shear wave elastography, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Elastography, Ankle, Ankle Joint, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Gastrocnemius medialis
Abstract

International audience; Although muscle–tendon slack length is a crucial parameter used in muscle models, this is one of the most difficult measures to estimate in vivo. The aim of this study was to determine the onset of the rise in tension (i.e., slack length) during passive stretching in both Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius medialis. Muscle and tendon shear elastic modulus was measured by elastography (supersonic shear imaging) during passive plantarflexion (0° and 90° of knee angle, 0° representing knee fully extended, in a random order) in 9 participants. The within-session repeatability of the determined slack length was good at 90° of knee flexion (SEM=3.3° and 2.2° for Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius medialis, respectively) and very good at 0° of knee flexion (SEM=1.9° and 1.9° for Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius medialis, respectively). The slack length of gastrocnemius medialis was obtained at a significantly lower plantarflexed angle than for Achilles tendon at both 0° (P

Published
2013

47. Effects of eccentric training on mechanical properties of the plantar flexor muscle-tendon complex

Author

Antoine Nordez, Alexandre Fouré, Christophe Cornu, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena, Context (language use), Achilles Tendon, Plantar flexion, Education, Tendons, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Isometric Contraction, Physiology (medical), [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Range of Motion, Articular, Muscle, Skeletal, Passive stiffness, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mechanical Phenomena, Ultrasonography, Achilles tendon, Electromyography, business.industry, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], 030229 sport sciences, musculoskeletal system, Elasticity, Tendon, body regions, medicine.anatomical_structure, Torque, Physical therapy, Eccentric training, business, Range of motion, Ankle Joint, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Eccentric training is a mechanical loading classically used in clinical environment to rehabilitate patients with tendinopathies. In this context, eccentric training is supposed to alter tendon mechanical properties but interaction with the other components of the muscle-tendon complex remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the specific effects of 14 wk of eccentric training on muscle and tendon mechanical properties assessed in active and passive conditions in vivo. Twenty-four subjects were randomly divided into a trained group ( n = 11) and a control group ( n = 13). Stiffness of the active and passive parts of the series elastic component of plantar flexors were determined using a fast stretch during submaximal isometric contraction, Achilles tendon stiffness and dissipative properties were assessed during isometric plantar flexion, and passive stiffness of gastrocnemii muscles and Achilles tendon were determined using ultrasonography while ankle joint was passively moved. A significant decrease in the active part of the series elastic component stiffness was found ( P < 0.05). In contrast, a significant increase in Achilles tendon stiffness determined under passive conditions was observed ( P < 0.05). No significant change in triceps surae muscles and Achilles tendon geometrical parameters was shown ( P > 0.05). Specific changes in muscle and tendon involved in plantar flexion are mainly due to changes in intrinsic mechanical properties of muscle and tendon tissues. Specific assessment of both Achilles tendon and plantar flexor muscles allowed a better understanding of the functional behavior of the muscle-tendon complex and its adaptation to eccentric training.

Published
2013

48. Centenarian athletes: Examples of ultimate human performance?

Author

Paul J. Stapley, Romuald Lepers, Thomas Cattagni, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neural Control of Movement Laboratory [University of Wollongong], University of Wollongong, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Région des Pays de la Loire, France, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), University of Wollongong [Australia], Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS)

Subjects
Male, Gerontology, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Physical activity, [ SDV.MHEP.GEG ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Athletic Performance, medicine.disease_cause, centenarian, decline, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Jumping, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, master athletes, sporting performance, medicine, Humans, Aged, 80 and over, biology, Athletes, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Track and Field, Age Factors, health, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Bicycling, ageing, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Centenarian, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Throwing, Sports
Abstract

International audience; Background: some centenarians are engaged in regular physical activity and sometimes in sporting events.Objective: we aimed to identify world records of centenarian athletes in several sports and determine which represented the best performance when compared to all-age world records, all disciplines taken together.Methods: all of the best performances achieved by centenarians were identified and compared in three disciplines: athletics, swimming and cycling. The performances were considered as an average of the respective speeds, except for jumping and throwing events for which the maximum distances performed were considered. Within each discipline, the decline in performance of centenarian athletes was expressed as a percentage of the world record for that discipline. In total, 60 performances of centenarian athletes were found. These performances belong to 19 individuals: 10 in athletics, 8 in swimming and 1 in cycling.Results: the centenarian world record performed by Robert Marchand in one hour track cycling appears to be the best performance (-50.6% compared with the all-age world record in this discipline) achieved by a centenarian.Conclusions: although the physiological characteristics of Robert Marchand are certainly exceptional, his remarkable performance could also be due to the lower age-related decline for cycling performances compared with running and swimming. Our observations offer new perspectives on how the human body can resist the deleterious effects of ageing.

Published
2016

49. I can't reach it! Focus on theta sensorimotor rhythm toward a better understanding of impaired action\textendashperception coupling

Author

Jessica Tallet, Christophe Cornu, Thibault Deschamps, David Amarantini, Sylvain Cremoux, Yannick Daviaux, Akiani, akiani, Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Mécanique et d'Informatique industrielles et Humaines - UMR 8201 (LAMIH), Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Programme Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Sciences du Sport et du Mouvement Humain (PRISSMH), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Département de kinésiologie, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance (UPRES EA 4334), Université de Nantes (UN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Laboratoire Adaptation Perceptivo-Motrice et Apprentissage (LAPMA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
Male, media_common.quotation_subject, "motor region", Motion Perception, "sensori", Poison control, "parietal region", Anxiety, Motor Activity, Somatosensory system, Functional Laterality, "action–perception coupling", 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, "motor function", Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Parietal Lobe, Perception, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Cortical Synchronization, Theta Rhythm, media_common, Analysis of Variance, Respiration, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Motor Cortex, "theta activity", Coupling (electronics), medicine.anatomical_structure, Action (philosophy), Sensorimotor rhythm, Space Perception, Arm, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Motor cortex
Abstract

International audience; It is known that anxiety (ANX) impairs action–perception coupling. This study tests whether this impairment could be associated with an alteration of the sensorimotor function. To this aim, the cortical activities underlying the sensorimotor function were recorded in twelve volunteers in a reach-to-grasp paradigm, in which the level of ANX and the position of a glass were manipulated. The experimental manipulation of the ANX-related somatosensory state was expected to prompt participants to underestimate their reaching-to-grasp capabilities while the sensorimotor-related oscillatory brain activities around the 6-Hz (θ) frequency over motor-related and parietal regions were expected to be modulated. We also investigated the oscillatory brain dynamics around the 11.5-Hz (fast-α) frequency as a neural hallmark of ANX manipulation induced by the breath-restriction. Results indeed showed that participants underestimated their reaching-to-grasp maximal performance. Concomittantly, θ-EEG synchronization over the motor cortex contralateral to the dominant hand was higher during glass presentation under breath-restriction condition (+20.1%; p < 0.05), and when the glass was perceived as non-reachable (+20.0%; p < 0.05). Fast-α-EEG desynchronization was reduced under breath-restriction (−37.7%; p < 0.05). The results confirm that ANX-related impairment of action–perception coupling co-modulates with theta-sensorimotor rhythm. This finding is discussed as an altered “readiness state” in the reaching-related cortical network, while individuals are anxious.

Published
2016

50. Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Psychomotor Retardation in Major Depression: A Pilot Feasibility Study

Author

Flora Le Gall, Thibault Deschamps, Samuel Bulteau, Véronique Thomas-Ollivier, Pierre Valrivière, Anne Sauvaget, Hugo Vachon, Anne Pichot, Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance, Université de Nantes (UN), Service d'addictologie[CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Département d'addictologie et de psychiatrie de liaison [CHU de Nantes], Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Treatment outcome, Pilot Projects, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Major, Depressive Disorder, Psychomotor retardation, Major, Middle Aged, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, 3. Good health, Clinical neurology, ArtThese, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Psychiatric status rating scales, Physical therapy, Feasibility Studies, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Psychomotor Disorders, Psychology, Psychomotor disorder, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

International audience; This pilot study investigated the feasibility of a comprehensive battery of tests assessing psychomotor retardation after a 3-week protocol of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression. In addition to the beneficial effect of this treatment on depression, the results showed positive changes in psychomotor retardation.

Published
2016

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