75 results on '"Changwen Ke"'
Search Results
2. A comparative study on environmental surveillance of enterovirus: Using a two-phase separation method and a filtration method with a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membrane
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Ling Fang, Meizhong Chen, Shuangli Zhu, Wei Zhang, Dongmei Yan, Xiaolei Li, Shufen Huang, Caixia Li, Xue Guo, Hanri Zeng, Bixia Ke, Hui Li, Wenbo Xu, Changwen Ke, Xiaoling Deng, Yong Zhang, and Huanying Zheng
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2023
3. Long-term asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with deficiency on multiple immune cells
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Gang He, Xia Chuai, Dan Liang, Chunyu Chen, Changzheng Hu, Changwen Ke, Bixia Ke, Peilin Zhen, and Huajun Zhang
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
4. Dynamic changes in polioviruses identified by environmental surveillance in Guangzhou, 2009–2021
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Meizhong Chen, Yong Zhang, Wei Zhang, Shufen Huang, Shuangli Zhu, Caixia Li, Xue Guo, Hanri Zeng, Ling Fang, Bixia Ke, Hui Li, Hiromu Yoshida, Wenbo Xu, Changwen Ke, Xiaoling Deng, and Huanying Zheng
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Infectious Diseases ,Virology - Published
- 2023
5. Erratum for Li et al., 'Luciferase Immunosorbent Assay Based on Multiple E Antigens for the Detection of Chikungunya Virus-Specific IgG Antibodies'
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Xiaoxia Li, Xuan Wan, Jinyue Liu, Haiying Wang, Anan Li, Changwen Ke, Shixing Tang, Wei Zhao, Shaoxi Cai, and Chengsong Wan
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Ecology ,Physiology ,Genetics ,Cell Biology - Published
- 2022
6. Single-dose rAAV5-based vaccine provides long-term protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants
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Guochao Liao, Hungyan Lau, Zhongqiu Liu, Chinyu Li, Zeping Xu, Xiaoxiao Qi, Yu Zhang, Qian Feng, Runze Li, Xinyu Deng, Yebo Li, Qing Zhu, Sisi Zhu, Hua Zhou, Hudan Pan, Xingxing Fan, Yongchao Li, Dan Li, Liqing Chen, Bixia Ke, Zhe Cong, Qi Lv, Jiangning Liu, Dan Liang, An’an Li, Wenshan Hong, Linlin Bao, Feng Zhou, Hongbin Gao, Shi Liang, Bihong Huang, Miaoli Wu, Chuan Qin, Changwen Ke, and Liang Liu
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Infectious Diseases ,Virology - Abstract
sThe COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants, has posed unprecedented challenges worldwide. Existing vaccines have limited effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Therefore, novel vaccines to match mutated viral lineages by providing long-term protective immunity are urgently needed. We designed a recombinant adeno-associated virus 5 (rAAV5)-based vaccine (rAAV-COVID-19) by using the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD-plus) sequence with both single-stranded (ssAAV5) and self-complementary (scAAV5) delivery vectors and found that it provides excellent protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. A single-dose vaccination in mice induced a robust immune response; induced neutralizing antibody (NA) titers were maintained at a peak level of over 1:1024 more than a year post-injection and were accompanied by functional T-cell responses. Importantly, both ssAAV- and scAAV-based RBD-plus vaccines produced high levels of serum NAs against the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta. A SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge showed that the ssAAV5-RBD-plus vaccine protected both young and old mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated that AAV vector DNA sequences were not found in the genomes of vaccinated mice one year after vaccination, demonstrating vaccine safety. These results suggest that the rAAV5-based vaccine is safe and effective against SARS-CoV-2 and several variants as it provides long-term protective immunity. This novel vaccine has a significant potential for development into a human prophylactic vaccination to help end the global pandemic.
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- 2022
7. Human Fc-Conjugated Receptor Binding Domain-Based Recombinant Subunit Vaccines with Short Linker Induce Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants
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Liqing Chen, Xiaoxiao Qi, Dan Liang, Guiqi Li, Xiaofang Peng, Xiaohui Li, Bixia Ke, Huanying Zheng, Zhongqiu Liu, Changwen Ke, Guochao Liao, Liang Liu, and Qian Feng
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Pharmacology ,Infectious Diseases ,Drug Discovery ,Immunology ,Pharmacology (medical) ,SARS-CoV-2 variants ,spike protein ,RBD ,recombinant protein subunit vaccines - Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ongoing since December 2019, with more than 6.3 million deaths reported globally as of August 2022. Despite the success of several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the rise in variants, some of which are resistant to the effects of vaccination, highlights the need for a so-called pan-coronavirus (universal) vaccine. Here, we performed an immunogenicity comparison of prototype vaccines containing spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) residues 319–541, or spike protein regions S1, S2 and S fused to a histidine-tagged or human IgG1 Fc (hFC) fragment with either a longer (six residues) or shorter (three residues) linker. While all recombinant protein vaccines developed were effective in eliciting humoral immunity, the RBD-hFc vaccine was able to generate a potent neutralizing antibody response as well as a cellular immune response. We then compared the effects of recombinant protein length and linker size on immunogenicity in vivo. We found that a longer recombinant RBD protein (residues 319–583; RBD-Plus-hFc) containing a small alanine linker (AAA) was able to trigger long-lasting, high-titer neutralizing antibodies in mice. Finally, we evaluated cross-neutralization of wild-type and mutant RBD-Plus-hFc vaccines against wild-type, Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. Significantly, at the same antigen dose, wild-type RBD-Plus-hFc immune sera induced broadly neutralizing antibodies against wild-type, Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants. Taken together, our findings provide valuable information for the continued development of recombinant protein-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and a basic foundation for booster vaccinations to avoid reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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- 2022
8. Luciferase Immunosorbent Assay Based on Multiple E Antigens for the Detection of Chikungunya Virus-Specific IgG Antibodies
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Xiaoxia Li, Xuan Wan, Jinyue Liu, Haiying Wang, Anan Li, Changwen Ke, Shixing Tang, Wei Zhao, Shaoxi Cai, and Chengsong Wan
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Microbiology (medical) ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Ecology ,Physiology ,viruses ,virus diseases ,Cell Biology ,Antibodies, Viral ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunoglobulin G ,Genetics ,Animals ,Chikungunya Fever ,Humans ,Hepatitis B e Antigens ,Immunosorbents ,Luciferases ,Chikungunya virus - Abstract
In recent years, the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has continued to spread from local epidemics to nonnative habitats until eventually reaching pandemic status. Nonendemic areas such as China have also emerged as potential epidemic areas of CHIKV. Serological detection of CHIKV is the key to diagnosing and controlling the prevalence of this virus. In this study, we review the progress of the serological detection of the envelope (E) protein in CHIKV, and we provide a novel research assay and ideas for the serological detection of CHIKV. The luciferase immunosorbent assay (LISA) does not require species-specific labeled secondary antibodies for detection, making it universally suitable for tracking samples from various animals or carriers. At present, most research on CHIKV antigen detection technology tends to combine two or more proteins to avoid the decrease in detection ability caused by antigen mutation. Our results indicate that two or more kinds of CHIKV E antigens combined with LISA detection can improve the detection rate of anti-CHIKV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in CHIKV-infected patient sera and detect antibodies in the early stage of infection accurately and sensitively. After 235 days of infection, the anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies could still be detected in CHIKV-infected patients. All serum samples were tested with a detection rate of 100% after combining various recombinant CHIKV E antigens. Our proposed CHIKV-specific LISA could be a useful tool for serum diagnosis of CHIKV infection and serum epidemic research in areas where CHIKV is endemic, which would help to manage potential epidemics in the future.
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- 2022
9. A compromised specific humoral immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain is related to viral persistence and periodic shedding in the gastrointestinal tract
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Jinlin Wang, Li Min, Chun Luo, Fengjuan Chen, Xinghua Tan, Junhua Li, Changwen Ke, Xueliang Wen, Yujuan Guan, Jian Wang, Yuejun Pan, Linghua Li, Peidi Ren, Fengyu Hu, Xiaoneng Mo, Zhihua Ou, Feng Li, Yaping Wang, Qinghong Fan, Xiaoping Tang, Chunliang Lei, and Bixia Ke
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0301 basic medicine ,viruses ,Antibodies, Viral ,Immunoglobulin G ,Epitopes ,COVID-19 Testing ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Viral Load ,Virus Shedding ,Infectious Diseases ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Coronavirus Infections ,Viral load ,gastrointestinal infection ,Protein Binding ,Secondary infection ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Immunology ,Population ,Predictive markers ,Article ,Virus ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Protein Domains ,Humans ,Serologic Tests ,Viral shedding ,education ,Pandemics ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,business.industry ,virus recurrence ,COVID-19 ,Immunity, Humoral ,Immunoglobulin A ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,030104 developmental biology ,Viral replication ,Viral infection ,biology.protein ,business ,protective antibody - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been redetected after discharge in some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The reason for the recurrent positivity of the test and the potential public health concern due to this occurrence are still unknown. Here, we analyzed the viral data and clinical manifestations of 289 domestic Chinese COVID-19 patients and found that 21 individuals (7.3%) were readmitted for hospitalization after detection of SARS-CoV-2 after discharge. First, we experimentally confirmed that the virus was involved in the initial infection and was not a secondary infection. In positive retests, the virus was usually found in anal samples (15 of 21, 71.4%). Through analysis of the intracellular viral subgenomic messenger RNA (sgmRNA), we verified that positive retest patients had active viral replication in their gastrointestinal tracts (3 of 16 patients, 18.7%) but not in their respiratory tracts. Then, we found that viral persistence was not associated with high viral titers, delayed viral clearance, old age, or more severe clinical symptoms during the first hospitalization. In contrast, viral rebound was associated with significantly lower levels of and slower generation of viral receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA and IgG antibodies. Our study demonstrated that the positive retest patients failed to create a robust protective humoral immune response, which might result in SARS-CoV-2 persistence in the gastrointestinal tract and possibly in active viral shedding. Further exploration of the mechanism underlying the rebound in SARS-CoV-2 in this population will be crucial for preventing virus spread and developing effective vaccines.
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- 2020
10. Broad and durable antibody response after vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 in individuals with a history of 2003 SARS-CoV infection
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Huang, Liang, Peiyan, Zheng, Qian, Wang, Yijun, Deng, Dan, Liang, Haisu, Yi, Yuanyi, Cheng, Xinwei, Zhao, Jing, Ma, Yidong, Yang, Peiyu, Hu, Pingqian, Zheng, Yudi, Zhang, Shuangshuang, Huang, Xiancheng, Lin, Changwen, Ke, Xuefeng, Niu, Baoqing, Sun, and Ling, Chen
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COVID-19 Vaccines ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Vaccination ,Immunology ,fungi ,COVID-19 ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Antibodies, Viral ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Microbiology ,body regions ,Infectious Diseases ,Virology ,Antibody Formation ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Parasitology ,skin and connective tissue diseases - Abstract
In vaccinees who were infected with SARS-CoV in 2003, we observed greater antibody responses against spike and nucleoprotein of both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV after a single dosage of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. After receiving the second vaccination, antibodies against RBD of SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan, Beta, Delta, and recently emerged Omicron are significantly higher in SARS-CoV experienced vaccinees than in SARS-CoV naïve vaccinees. Neutralizing activities measured by authentic viruses and pseudoviruses of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan, Beta, and Delta are greater in SARS-CoV experienced vaccinees. In contrast, only weak neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 and variants were detected in SARS-CoV naïve vaccinees. By 6 months after the second vaccination, neutralizing activities were maintained at a relatively higher level in SARS-CoV experienced vaccinees but were undetectable in SARS-CoV naïve vaccinees. These findings suggested a great possibility of developing a universal vaccine by heterologous vaccination using spike antigens from different SARS-related coronaviruses.
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- 2022
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11. A tandem-repeat dimeric RBD protein-based covid-19 vaccine zf2001 protects mice and nonhuman primates
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Yaling An, Shihua Li, Xiyue Jin, Jian-bao Han, Kun Xu, Senyu Xu, Yuxuan Han, Chuanyu Liu, Tianyi Zheng, Mei Liu, Mi Yang, Tian-Zhang Song, Baoying Huang, Li Zhao, Wen Wang, Ruhan A, Yingjie Cheng, Changwei Wu, Enqi Huang, Shilong Yang, Gary Wong, Yuhai Bi, Changwen Ke, Wenjie Tan, Jinghua Yan, Yong-Tang Zheng, Lianpan Dai, and George F. Gao
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Primates ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,Epidemiology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Immunology ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Antibodies, Viral ,Microbiology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Mice ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunogenicity, Vaccine ,Virology ,Drug Discovery ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Vaccines, Subunit ,Animals ,Humans ,Parasitology ,Carrier Proteins - Abstract
Safe, efficacious, and deployable vaccines are urgently needed to control COVID-19 in the large-scale vaccination campaigns. We report here the preclinical studies of an approved protein subunit vaccine against COVID-19, ZF2001, which contains tandem-repeat dimeric receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein with alum-based adjuvant. We assessed vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy in both mice and non-human primates (NHPs). ZF2001 induced high levels of RBD-binding and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody in both mice and non-human primates, and elicited balanced TH1/TH2 cellular responses in NHPs. Two doses of ZF2001 protected Ad-hACE2-transduced mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection, as detected by reduced viral RNA and relieved lung injuries. In NHPs, vaccination of either 25 μg or 50 μg ZF2001 prevented infection with SARS-CoV-2 in lung, trachea, and bronchi, with milder lung lesions. No evidence of disease enhancement was observed in both animal models. ZF2001 has been approved for emergency use in China, Uzbekistan, Indonesia, and Columbia. The high safety, immunogenicity, and protection efficacy in both mice and NHPs found in this preclinical study was consistent with the results in human clinical trials.
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- 2022
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12. Prolonged Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Body Fluids
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Jianxiong Hu, Chumin Liang, Changwen Ke, Qianlin Xiong, Fengfu Cui, Runyu Yuan, Jing Lu, Pingping Zhou, Xi Tang, Jiufeng Sun, Ruilin Sun, Lilian Zeng, Junzhang Tian, Wenjun Ma, Huifang Lin, Jianpeng Xiao, Jinju Peng, and Zhe Liu
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Male ,Time Factors ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,coronavirus ,lcsh:Medicine ,Disease ,Prolonged Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Body Fluids ,medicine.disease_cause ,Severity of Illness Index ,Persistence (computer science) ,Feces ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID-19 Testing ,Nasopharynx ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Coronavirus ,biology ,Dispatch ,virus diseases ,persistence ,Middle Aged ,SARS-CoV-2 RNA ,Hospitalization ,Infectious Diseases ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,coronavirus disease ,Child, Preschool ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Coronavirus Infections ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,China ,Adolescent ,Guangdong ,030231 tropical medicine ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Virus ,2019 novel coronavirus disease ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,respiratory infections ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Pandemics ,Aged ,business.industry ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,lcsh:R ,Sputum ,RNA ,Infant ,COVID-19 ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,zoonoses ,Pharynx ,business - Abstract
We prospectively assessed 49 coronavirus disease cases in Guangdong, China, to estimate the frequency and duration of detectable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA in human body fluids. The prolonged persistence of virus RNA in various body fluids may guide the clinical diagnosis and prevention of onward virus transmission.
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- 2020
13. Global clonal spread of mcr-3-carrying MDR ST34 Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and monophasic 1,4,[5],12:i:− variants from clinical isolates
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Si-Lin Zheng, Bixia Ke, Yu-Wei Jiang, Dong-Mei He, Yang Yu, Jian Sun, Wen-Ying Guo, Xing-Ping Li, Changwen Ke, Ruan-Yang Sun, Ya-Hong Liu, Xiao-Ping Liao, and Liang-Xing Fang
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Salmonella typhimurium ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Serotype ,China ,Salmonella ,Cefotaxime ,030106 microbiology ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Serogroup ,medicine.disease_cause ,03 medical and health sciences ,Complete sequence ,Plasmid ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Phylogeny ,Pharmacology ,Genetics ,biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Salmonella enterica ,Colistin ,Mobile genetic elements ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Plasmids ,medicine.drug - Abstract
ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence and transmission of mcr-3 among Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and 1,4,[5],12:i:−.MethodsA total of 4724 clinical Salmonella isolates were screened for the presence of mcr-3 in China during 2014–19. The clonal relationship of the mcr-3-positive isolates and their plasmid contents and complete sequence were also characterized based on WGS data from the Illumina and MinION platforms.ResultsWe identified 10 mcr-3-positive isolates, and all were MDR, mostly resistant to colistin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline and florfenicol. mcr-3 was co-present with blaCTX-M-55-qnrS1 on hybrid ST3-IncC-FII conjugatable plasmids (n = 6) and an ST3-IncC non-conjugatable plasmid (n = 1) and embedded into a pCHL5009T-like IncFII plasmid on the Salmonella chromosome (n = 3). Four distinctive genetic contexts surrounded mcr-3 and all but one were closely related to each other and to the corresponding region of IncFII plasmid pCHL5009T. IS15DI was most likely the vehicle for integration of mcr-3-carrying IncFII plasmids into ST3-IncC plasmids and the chromosome and for shaping the MDR regions. In addition, a phylogenetic tree based on the core genome revealed a unique Salmonella lineage (≤665 SNPs) that contained these 10 mcr-3-positive isolates and another 38 (33 from patients) mcr-3-positive Salmonella from five countries. In particular, most of the 51 mcr-3-positive isolates belonged to ST34 and harboured diverse antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including mcr-3-blaCTX-M-55-qnrS1, and possessed similar ARG profiles.ConclusionsOur findings revealed global clonal spread of MDR ST34 Salmonella from clinical isolates co-harbouring mcr-3 with blaCTX-M-55 and qnrS1 and a flexibility of mcr-3 co-transmittance with other ARGs mediated by mobile genetic elements.
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- 2020
14. Differential Antibody Response to Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines in Healthy Subjects
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Jiaqi Zhang, Shan Xing, Dan Liang, Wei Hu, Changwen Ke, Jinyong He, Runyu Yuan, Yile Huang, Yizhe Li, Dongdong Liu, Xuedong Zhang, Lin Li, Jianhua Lin, Weili Li, Xiangyun Teng, Yijun Liu, Wei Wen, Qiang Kang, Dawei Wang, Wanli Liu, and Jianhua Xu
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Microbiology (medical) ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Immunology ,COVID-19 ,neutralizing antibody ,antibody response ,Antibodies, Viral ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Microbiology ,Healthy Volunteers ,immune response ,QR1-502 ,Cellular and Infection Microbiology ,antibody dynamic ,Infectious Diseases ,Vaccines, Inactivated ,inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ,Antibody Formation ,Humans ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,Original Research ,Aged - Abstract
The appearance and magnitude of the immune response and the related factors correlated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination need to be defined. Here, we enrolled a prospective cohort of 52 participants who received two doses of inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV). Their serial plasma samples (n = 260) over 2 months were collected at five timepoints. We measured antibody responses (NAb, S-IgG and S-IgM) and routine blood parameter. NAb seroconversion occurred in 90.7% of vaccinated individuals and four typical NAb kinetic curves were observed. All of the participants who seroconverted after the first dose were females and had relatively high prevaccine estradiol levels. Moreover, those without seroconversion tended to have lower lymphocyte counts and higher serum SAA levels than those who experienced seroconversion. The NAb titers in young vaccine recipients had a significantly higher peak than those in elderly recipients. S-IgG and S-IgM dynamics were accompanied by similar trends in NAb. Here, we gained insight into the dynamic changes in NAbs and preliminarily explored the prevaccine blood parameters related to the kinetic subclasses, providing a reference for vaccination strategies.
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- 2021
15. Progress of the COVID-19: Persistence, Effectiveness, and Immune Escape of the Neutralizing Antibody in Convalescent Serum
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Dan Liang, Guanting Zhang, Mingxing Huang, Li Wang, Wenshan Hong, An’an Li, Yufeng Liang, Tao Wang, Jiahui Lu, Mengdang Ou, Zhongqiang Ren, Huiyi Lu, Rutian Zheng, Xionghui Cai, Xingfei Pan, Jinyu Xia, and Changwen Ke
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,kinetics ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,neutralizing antibody ,SARS-CoV-2 variants ,vaccination ,Immunology and Allergy ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new coronavirus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a major topic of global human health concern. The Delta and Omicron variants have caused alarming responses worldwide due to their high transmission rates and a number of mutations. During a one-year follow-up (from June 2020 to June 2021), we included 114 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to study the long-term dynamics and the correlative factors of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in convalescent patients. The blood samples were collected at two detection time points (at 6 and 12 months after discharge). We evaluated the NAbs response of discharged patients by performing a micro-neutralization assay using a SARS-CoV-2 wild type. In addition, a total of 62 serum samples from discharged COVID-19 patients with Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants of infection were enrolled to perform cross-neutralization tests using the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and VOCs variants (including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants) and to assess the ability of NAbs against the SARS-CoV-2 variants. NAbs seroconversion occurred in 91.46% of patients (n = 82) in the first timepoint and in 89.29% of patients (n = 84) in the second detection point, and three kinds of NAbs kinetics curves were perceived. The NAbs levels in young patients had higher values than those in elder patients. The kinetics of disease duration was accompanied by an opposite trend in NAbs levels. Despite a declining NAbs response, NAbs activity was still detectable in a substantial proportion of recovered patients one year after discharge. Compared to the wild strain, the Omicron strain could lead to a 23.44-, 3.42-, 8.03-, and 2.57-fold reduction in neutralization capacity in “SAlpha”, “SBeta”, “SDelta”, and “SOmicron”, respectively, and the NAbs levels against the Omicron strain were significantly lower than those of the Beta and Delta variants. Remarkably, the NAbs activity of convalescent serum with Omicron strain infection was most obviously detectable against six SARS-CoV-2 strains in our study. The role of the vaccination history in NAbs levels further confirmed the previous study that reported vaccine-induced NAbs as the convincing protection mechanism against SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, our findings highlighted the dynamics of the long-term immune responses after the disappearance of symptoms and revealed that NAbs levels varied among all types of convalescent patients with COVID-19 and that NAbs remained detectable for one year, which is reassuring in terms of protection against reinfection. Moreover, a moderate correlation between the duration of disease and Nabs titers was observed, whereas age was negatively correlated with Nabs titers. On the other hand, compared with other VOCs, the Omicron variant was able to escape the defenses of the immune system more significantly, and the convalescent serum infected with the Omicron variant played a critical part in protection against different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Recovery serum from individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccine preceding infection with the Omicron strain had a high efficacy against the original strain and the VOCs variants, whereas the convalescent serum of persons vaccinated by inactivated vaccine prior to infection with the Delta variant was only potent against the wild-type strain.
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- 2022
16. Significantly reduced abilities to cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants by sera from convalescent COVID-19 patients infected by Delta or early strains
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Ting Pan, Hui Zhang, Yiwen Zhang, Changwen Ke, Xin He, Xiaoping Tang, Bingfeng Liu, Fengyu Hu, Zhongwei Hu, and Qiumin She
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Delta ,Adult ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,China ,Letter ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Immunology ,Biology ,Antibodies, Viral ,Young Adult ,Neutralization Tests ,Genetic variation ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,COVID-19 Serotherapy ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Immunization, Passive ,COVID-19 ,Genetic Variation ,Middle Aged ,Virology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Immunity, Humoral ,Mutation (genetic algorithm) ,Mutation ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Infectious diseases ,Infection - Published
- 2021
17. Etiology and characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in an influenza epidemic period
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Yazhen Li, Ping He, Chun Lin, Xiao-yang Jiao, Changwen Ke, and Huanzhu Chen
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Adult ,Male ,China ,Community-acquired pneumonia ,Adolescent ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Immunology ,Respiratory virus ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Microbiology ,Virus ,Article ,Young Adult ,bacterial/Yeast infection ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Child ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Co-infections ,Coinfection ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Pneumonia ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Influenza ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,Klebsiella Infections ,Community-Acquired Infections ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Mycoses ,Child, Preschool ,Etiology ,Female ,Respiratory tract ,Acinetobacter Infections - Abstract
Highlights • 1 Not all patients (only 123(63.08%)) have definitely pathogens found. • 2 Non-influenza patients’ co-infection were more common in the peak of Influenza. • 3 The pattern of co-infection in our study is different from previous study. • 4 Yeast, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae have high positive rate., Purpose The etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in hospital patients is often ambiguous due to the limited pathogen detection. Lack of a microbiological diagnosis impairs precision treatment in CAP. Methods Specimens collected from the lower respiratory tract of 195 CAP patients, viruses were measured by the Single-plex real-time PCR assay and the conventional culture method was exploited for bacteria. Results Among the 195 patients, there were 46 (23.59%) pure bacterial infections, 20 (10.26%) yeast infections, 32 (16.41%) pure viral infections, 8 (4.10%) viral-yeast co-infections, and 17 (8.72%) viral-bacterial co-infections. The two most abundant bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii and klebsiella pneumoniae, whereas the most common virus was influenza A. Conclusions Non-influenza respiratory microorganisms frequently co-circulated during the epidemic peaks of influenza, which easily being ignored in CAP therapy. In patients with bacterial and viral co-infections, identifying the etiologic agent is crucial for patient’s therapy.
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- 2019
18. Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China
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Yingchao Song, Hong Xiao, Tao Hu, Shisong Fang, George F. Gao, Weijia Xing, Changwen Ke, Jie Wu, Juan Li, Weifeng Shi, Edward C. Holmes, Weijuan Huang, Lina Yi, Tao Chen, Xiyan Li, Bo Peng, Lijun Liang, Weihua Wu, William J. Liu, Hao Song, Dayan Wang, Hui Liu, and Xin Wang
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0301 basic medicine ,China ,Epidemiology ,030106 microbiology ,Immunology ,Prevalence ,Hemagglutinin (influenza) ,Influenza season ,Microbiology ,Article ,Persistence (computer science) ,03 medical and health sciences ,vaccine ,Virology ,Influenza, Human ,Drug Discovery ,Pandemic ,Humans ,A/H3N2 ,Molecular Epidemiology ,biology ,Incidence ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Genetic Variation ,virus diseases ,Influenza a ,General Medicine ,Phylogeography ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,biology.protein ,Parasitology ,High incidence ,mutation ,Influenza virus - Abstract
The spread of influenza A/H3N2 variants possessing the hemagglutinin 121 K mutation and the unexpectedly high incidence of influenza in the 2017–2018 northern hemisphere influenza season have raised serious concerns about the next pandemic. We summarized the national surveillance data of seasonal influenza in China and identified marked differences in influenza epidemics between northern and southern China, particularly the predominating subtype and the presence of an additional summer peak in southern China. Notably, a minor spring peak of influenza caused by a different virus subtype was also observed. We also revealed that the 3C.2a lineage was dominant from the summer of 2015 to the end of the 2015–2016 peak season in China, after which the 3C.2a2 lineage predominated despite the importation and co-circulation of the 121 K variants of 3C.2a1 and 3C.2a3 lineages at the global level. Finally, an analysis based on genetic distances revealed a delay in A/H3N2 vaccine strain update. Overall, our results highlight the complicated circulation pattern of seasonal influenza in China and the necessity for a timely vaccine strain update worldwide.
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- 2019
19. High-coverage SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences acquired by target capture sequencing
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Pan-Xin Du, Shao-Qing Wen, Chang Sun, Zhe Liu, Lirong Zou, Huanying Zheng, Xuding Xu, Ling-Xiang Wang, Xiaofang Peng, Guangyi Zeng, Jie Wu, Bo Lei, Fang Chen, Huan Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Changwen Ke, Wei Zhang, Jiyuan Yang, and Lijun Liang
- Subjects
Genotype ,SARS coronavirus ,viruses ,Short Communication ,Short Communications ,Biotin ,DNA, Single-Stranded ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Genome ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Loss of heterozygosity ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Virology ,Nasopharynx ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Genetic variability ,Phylogeny ,Coronavirus ,Whole genome sequencing ,Mutation ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,SARS-CoV-2 ,fungi ,COVID-19 ,Genetic networks ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Cell culture ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Gene expression ,DNA Probes ,DNA - Abstract
In this study, we designed a set of SARS‐CoV‐2 enrichment probes to increase the capacity for sequence‐based virus detection and obtain the comprehensive genome sequence at the same time. This universal SARS‐CoV‐2 enrichment probe set contains 502 120nt ssDNA biotin‐labeled probes designed based on all available SARS‐CoV‐2 viral sequences and it can be used to enrich for SARS‐CoV‐2 sequences without prior knowledge of type or subtype. Following the CDC health and safety guidelines, marked enrichment was demonstrated in a virus strain sample from a cell culture, three nasopharyngeal swab samples (cycle threshold [Ct] values: 32.36, 36.72, and 38.44) from patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 (positive control) and four throat swab samples from patients without COVID‐19 (negative controls), respectively. Moreover, based on these high‐quality sequences, we discuss the heterozygosity and viral expression during coronavirus replication, and its phylogenetic relationship with other selected high‐quality samples from The Genome Variation Map (GVM). Therefore, this universal SARS‐CoV‐2 enrichment probe system can capture and enrich SARS‐CoV‐2 viral sequences selectively and effectively in different samples, especially clinical swab samples with a relatively low concentration of viral particles. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2020
20. Molecular Epidemiology of Dengue Viruses Isolated in Shantou City, China, during 2015-2017
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Chuan Guo, Wan Chen, De Wu, Changwen Ke, Jiemin Lin, and Zhihua Zhang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Serotype ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Genotype ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,Biology ,Southeast asian ,Serogroup ,Dengue fever ,Dengue ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Molecular epidemiology ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Dengue Virus ,medicine.disease ,Serum samples ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases - Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENVs) affect tropical and subtropical regions, including the Guangdong province of China. Dengue cases are reported almost every year in Shantou city in the Guangdong province. To understand the molecular characteristics of DENVs isolated in Shantou, we performed a molecular epidemiological study based on the envelope protein (E) gene of the DENVs isolated from the cases. Total 174 serum samples were collected from 174 dengue-suspected patients during 2015-2017. A total of 33.9% (59/174) were diagnosed with dengue. Serotypes of DENVs were identified in 27 samples; 37% (10/27), 55.6% (15/27), 3.7% (1/27), 3.7% (1/27) were serotype 1 DENV (DENV-1), serotype 2 DENV (DENV-2), serotype 3 DENV (DENV-3), and serotype 4 DENV (DENV4), respectively. Genotypes Ⅰ and Ⅳ were detected in DENV-1, while only the Cosmopolitan genotype was detected in DENV-2. The replacement of the predominant serotype (genotype), which takes place every year, implied that the dengue endemic in Shantou might be caused by an imported infection rather than by local populations. Our results suggested that DENVs in Shantou are closely related to the strains circulating in Southeast Asian countries, which were possibly transmitted to Shantou through some relay point cities.
- Published
- 2020
21. Study on the Antiviral Activities and Hemagglutinin-Based Molecular Mechanism of Novel Chlorogenin 3-O-β-Chacotrioside Derivatives against H5N1 Subtype Viruses
- Author
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Ping Xiong, Ling-zhi Jiang, Gao-peng Song, Changwen Ke, Sheng Wang, and Wan-Zhen Shi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Models, Molecular ,chlorogenin 3-O-β-chacotrioside derivatives ,genetic structures ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Molecular Conformation ,Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ,Chick Embryo ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Triterpene ,chlorogenin 3-o-β-chacotrioside derivatives ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Molecular Structure ,Chemistry ,virus diseases ,Small molecule ,Infectious Diseases ,Protein Binding ,Cell Survival ,030106 microbiology ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,Antiviral Agents ,Article ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Pseudovirion ,Neutralization Tests ,Virology ,H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,hemagglutinin ,Binding site ,Binding Sites ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ,antiviral mechanism ,Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ,Virus Internalization ,Molecular biology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Enzyme Activation ,030104 developmental biology ,Docking (molecular) ,biology.protein ,Neuraminidase - Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of chlorogenin 3-O-&beta, chacotrioside derivatives against H5N1 subtype of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses and its molecular mechanism. A series of novel small molecule pentacyclic triterpene derivatives were designed and synthesized and their antiviral activities on HPAI H5N1 viruses were detected. The results displayed that the derivatives UA-Nu-ph-5, XC-27-1 and XC-27-2 strongly inhibited wild-type A/Duck/Guangdong/212/2004 H5N1 viruses with the IC50 values of 15.59 ±, 2.4 &mu, M, 16.83 ±, 1.45 &mu, M, and 12.45 ±, 2.27 &mu, M, respectively, and had the selectivity index (SI) >, 3, which was consistent with the efficacy against A/Thailand/kan353/2004 pseudo-typed viruses. Four dealt patterns were compared via PRNT. The prevention dealt pattern showed the strongest inhibitory effects than other patterns, suggesting that these derivatives act on the entry process at the early stages of H5N1 viral infection, providing protection for cells against infection. Further studies through hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) and neuraminidase inhibitory (NAI) assay confirmed that these derivatives inhibited H5N1 virus replication by interfering with the viral hemagglutinin function. The derivatives could recognize specifically HA protein with binding affinity constant KD values of 2.57 ×, 10&minus, 4 M and 3.67 ×, 4 M. In addition, through site-directed mutagenesis combined with a pseudovirion system, we identified that the high-affinity docking sites underlying interaction were closely associated with amino acid residues I391 and T395 of HA. However, the potential binding sites of the derivatives with HA did not locate at HA1 sialic acids receptor binding domain (RBD). Taken together, these study data manifested that chlorogenin 3-O-&beta, chacotrioside derivatives generated antiviral effect against HPAI H5N1 viruses by targeting the hemagglutinin fusion machinery.
- Published
- 2020
22. Influenza H5/H7 Virus Vaccination in Poultry and Reduction of Zoonotic Infections, Guangdong Province, China, 2017–18
- Author
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Kit Ling Cheng, Malik Peiris, Jie Wu, Lirong Zou, Yingchao Song, Changwen Ke, Min Kang, Tie Song, Hui-Ling Yen, and Eric H. Y. Lau
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Epidemiology ,Guangdong ,030231 tropical medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,Virus ,Bivalent (genetics) ,Poultry ,H5/H7 poultry vaccine ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,H7N9 ,03 medical and health sciences ,respiratory infections ,0302 clinical medicine ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,One Health ,Comparison of 2016–17 and Previous Epizootics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Guangdong Lineage in Europe ,Zoonotic Infection ,Zoonosis ,Vaccination ,lcsh:R ,Dispatch ,virus diseases ,vaccines ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,zoonoses ,Infectious Diseases ,Influenza Vaccines ,Influenza in Birds ,avian influenza ,influenza - Abstract
We compared the detection frequency of avian influenza H7 subtypes at live poultry markets in Guangdong Province, China, before and after the introduction of a bivalent H5/H7 vaccine in poultry. The vaccine was associated with a 92% reduction in H7 positivity rates among poultry and a 98% reduction in human H7N9 cases.
- Published
- 2019
23. The epidemiological characteristics of dengue in high-risk areas of China, 2013–2016
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Shaowei Sang, Qiyong Liu, Xiaofang Guo, De Wu, Changwen Ke, Jing Liu-Helmersson, Jinyong Jiang, Yuwei Weng, and Yiguan Wang
- Subjects
RNA viruses ,Male ,Viral Diseases ,Epidemiology ,RC955-962 ,Disease Vectors ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Mosquitoes ,Dengue Fever ,Geographical Locations ,Dengue ,Medical Conditions ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Phylogeny ,Data Management ,Incidence ,Eukaryota ,virus diseases ,Phylogenetic Analysis ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,Phylogenetics ,Insects ,Infectious Diseases ,Medical Microbiology ,Viral Pathogens ,Genetic Epidemiology ,Viruses ,Female ,Pathogens ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Research Article ,Neglected Tropical Diseases ,China ,Computer and Information Sciences ,Asia ,Arthropoda ,Genotype ,Aedes Aegypti ,Microbiology ,Animals ,Humans ,Evolutionary Systematics ,Microbial Pathogens ,Taxonomy ,Evolutionary Biology ,Biology and life sciences ,Flaviviruses ,Organisms ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Dengue Virus ,Tropical Diseases ,Invertebrates ,Insect Vectors ,Species Interactions ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,People and Places ,Zoology ,Entomology - Abstract
Introduction Dengue has become a more serious human health concern in China, with increased incidence and expanded outbreak regions. The knowledge of the cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological characteristics and the evolutionary dynamics of dengue in high-risk areas of China is limited. Methods Records of dengue cases from 2013 to 2016 were obtained from the China Notifiable Disease Surveillance System. Full envelope gene sequences of dengue viruses detected from the high-risk areas of China were collected. Maximum Likelihood tree and haplotype network analyses were conducted to explore the phylogenetic relationship of viruses from high-risk areas of China. Results A total of 56,520 cases was reported in China from 2013 to 2016. During this time, Yunnan, Guangdong and Fujian provinces were the high-risk areas. Imported cases occurred almost year-round, and were mainly introduced from Southeast Asia. The first indigenous case usually occurred in June to August, and the last one occurred before December in Yunnan and Fujian provinces but in December in Guangdong Province. Seven genotypes of DENV 1–3 were detected in the high-risk areas, with DENV 1-I the main genotype and DENV 2-Cosmopolitan the secondary one. The Maximum Likelihood trees show that almost all the indigenous viruses separated into different clusters. DENV 1-I viruses were found to be clustered in Guangdong Province, but not in Fujian and Yunnan, from 2013 to 2015. The ancestors of the Guangdong viruses in the cluster in 2013 and 2014 were most closely related to strains from Thailand or Singapore, and the Guangdong virus in 2015 was most closely related to the Guangdong virus of 2014. Based on closest phylogenetic relationships, viruses from Myanmar possibly initiated further indigenous cases in Yunnan, those from Indonesia in Fujian, while viruses from Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia were predominant in Guangdong Province. Conclusions Dengue is still an imported disease in China, although some genotypes continued to circulate in successive years. Viral phylogenies based on the envelope gene suggested periodic introductions of dengue strains into China, primarily from Southeast Asia, with occasional sustained, multi-year transmission in some regions of China., Author summary Dengue is the most prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease globally. Because of the multiple introductions, dengue outbreaks occurred in epidemic seasons in Southern China, supported by suitable weather conditions. Surveillance data from 2013 to 2016 in China showed that Guangdong, Yunnan and Fujian provinces were the high-risk areas, with dengue outbreaks occurring almost every year. However, knowledge has been lacking of the epidemiological characteristics and the evolution pattern of dengue virus in these high-risk areas. This study shows a variety of epidemiological characteristics and sources of imported cases among the high-risk areas in China, with likely origins primarily from countries in Southeast Asia. Seven genotypes of the DENV 1–3 variety co-circulated with DENV1-I, the main genotype, and DENV 2-Cosmopolitan, the secondary. Genetic relationships among viral strains suggest that the indigenous viruses in the high-risk areas arose from imported viruses and sometimes persisted between years into the next epidemic season, especially in Guangdong Province. Population movement has played a vital role in dengue epidemics in China. This information may be useful in dengue control, especially during epidemic seasons and in the development of an early warning system within the region, in collaboration with bordering countries.
- Published
- 2021
24. Monitoring Avian Influenza Viruses from Chicken Carcasses Sold at Markets, China, 2016
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Xunmin Ji, Jie Wu, Lirong Zou, Hui-Ling Yen, Yinchao Song, Xiaoxiao Mao, Eric H. Y. Lau, Changwen Ke, Zhifeng Zhong, Kit Ling Cheng, Joseph S. M. Peiris, and Hong Wang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Epidemiology ,animal diseases ,Biosecurity ,lcsh:Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,law.invention ,Monitoring Avian Influenza Viruses from Chicken Carcasses Sold at Markets, China, 2016 ,fluids and secretions ,law ,Influenza A virus ,poultry ,Commerce ,Dispatch ,virus diseases ,food and beverages ,viral load ,food safety ,Infectious Diseases ,Transmission (mechanics) ,dressed poultry ,influenza ,Viral load ,Reassortant Viruses ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,animal structures ,030106 microbiology ,Biology ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,markets ,medicine ,Animals ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Food safety ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,zoonoses ,030104 developmental biology ,Influenza in Birds ,chickens ,avian influenza ,business - Abstract
During 2016 in Guangzhou, China, we detected infectious avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in 39.8% of samples from chicken carcasses slaughtered at live poultry markets but none from carcasses supplied to supermarkets by facilities bypassing live poultry markets. Promoting supply chains with high biosecurity may reduce the risk for zoonotic AIV transmission.
- Published
- 2017
25. IFITM3, TLR3, and CD55 Gene SNPs and Cumulative Genetic Risks for Severe Outcomes in Chinese Patients With H7N9/H1N1pdm09 Influenza
- Author
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Bin Cao, Martin C.W. Chan, David S.C. Hui, Irene M. H. Yung, Nelson Lee, Dawei Guan, Rity Y. K. Wong, Kirsty Kwok, Yunwen Hu, Ronald C.W. Ma, Hongzhou Lu, Hui Li, Claudia H. T. Tam, Peter Horby, Zhaoqin Zhu, Paul K.S. Chan, Tin-Nok Hung, Mulei Lin, and Changwen Ke
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Genotyping Techniques ,viruses ,SNP ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,outcomes ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Asian People ,Gene Frequency ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,Genetic model ,Influenza, Human ,Major Article ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,1000 Genomes Project ,Allele frequency ,Genotyping ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,CD55 Antigens ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,virus diseases ,Membrane Proteins ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,Middle Aged ,Confidence interval ,Toll-Like Receptor 3 ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,IFITM3 ,Female ,business ,influenza ,TLR3 - Abstract
Summary IFITM3 and TLR3 SNPs are associated with fatal clinical outcome of Chinese patients with avian (H7N9) or pandemic (H1N1pdm09) influenza virus infections, and the risks are cumulative. Our findings pose important public health and clinical implications in the at-risk populations., Background. We examined associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IFITM3, TLR3, and CD55 genes and influenza clinical outcomes in Chinese. Methods. A multicenter study was conducted on 275 adult cases of avian (H7N9) and pandemic (H1N1pdm09) influenza. Host DNA was extracted from diagnostic respiratory samples; IFITM3 rs12252, TLR3 rs5743313, CD55 rs2564978, and TLR4 rs4986790/4986791 were targeted for genotyping (Sanger sequencing). The primary outcome analyzed was death. Results. IFITM3 and TLR3 SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium; their allele frequencies (IFITM3/C-allele 0.56, TLR3/C-allele 0.88) were comparable to 1000 Genomes Han Chinese data. We found over-representation of homozygous IFITM3 CC (54.5% vs 33.2%; P = .02) and TLR3 CC (93.3% vs 76.9%; P = .04) genotypes among fatal cases. Recessive genetic models showed their significant independent associations with higher death risks (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29–6.02, and aHR 4.85, 95% CI 1.11−21.06, respectively). Cumulative effects were found (aHR 3.53, 95% CI 1.64−7.59 per risk genotype; aHR 9.99, 95% CI 1.27−78.59 with both). Results were consistent for each influenza subtype and other severity indicators. The CD55 TT genotype was linked to severity. TLR4 was nonpolymorphic. Conclusions. Host genetic factors may influence clinical outcomes of avian and pandemic influenza infections. Such findings have important implications on disease burden and patient care in at-risk populations.
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- 2017
26. Human infection with an avian influenza A/H9N2 virus in Guangdong in 2016
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Hanzhong Ni, Xin Zhang, Changwen Ke, Lirong Zou, Lijun Liang, Runyu Yuan, Yingchao Song, Yinfeng Kang, and Jie Wu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,030106 microbiology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virology ,H5N1 genetic structure ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine ,Influenza A virus ,Base sequence ,Epidemiological Monitoring ,Gene ,Transmission and infection of H5N1 - Published
- 2017
27. Identification and genetic characterization of Zika virus isolated from an imported case in China
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Wei Wu, Lin Liu, Shuo Zhang, Huiqiong Zhou, Mifang Liang, Changwen Ke, De Wu, Jingdong Song, Chuan Li, Aqian Li, Quanfu Zhang, Dexin Li, Huan Zhang, and Qiqi Tan
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Untranslated region ,China ,viruses ,030231 tropical medicine ,Genome, Viral ,Microbiology ,Genetic analysis ,Genome ,Virus ,DNA sequencing ,Zika virus ,Mice ,Viral Proteins ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,3' Untranslated Regions ,Vero Cells ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Multiple sequence alignment ,Base Sequence ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,Inverted Repeat Sequences ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Zika Virus ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Flavivirus ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,RNA, Viral ,5' Untranslated Regions - Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a reemerging flavivirus that stroke Brazil in 2015 and appeared in China for the first time in 2016. Sequencing and genomic analysis are essential for Zika virus study. However, the complete genome length of Zika virus is still a disputable issue. In this study, we reported the complete genomic sequence of Zika virus strain ZKC2/2016 from an imported case in China, in February 2016. The virus was isolated and virus characteristics were identified by cytopathic effect, quantitative real time-PCR, immunofluorescence assay and electronic microscopy. Next generation sequencing (NGS) technique and 5' and 3' Rapid Amplification cDNA Ends (RACE) PCR were used to sequence the complete genome. The genome length of this newly obtained Zika virus strain is 10,807base pairs (bp). Genetic analysis showed that ZKC2/2016, along with other Chinese Zika virus strains in 2016, formed three clusters within Asian linage. Multiple sequence alignment and prediction of RNA secondary structure of untranslated regions (UTRs) of ZKC2/2016 and several other ZIKV strains indicated that the difference of ZIKV genome length mainly laid in UTRs. Besides, those genomes shorter than 10,790bp were probably incomplete due to lacking conserved secondary RNA structures in untranslated regions which were playing important roles in flavivirus replication. Our findings benefited the disease control of Zika fever in China and the study of Zika virus genome.
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- 2017
28. Returning ex-patriot Chinese to Guangdong, China, increase the risk for local transmission of Zika virus
- Author
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Marion Koopmans, Huan Zhang, Jiufeng Sun, Dawei Guan, Meng Zhang, Tie Song, Dan Ning, Yonghui Zhang, Jinyan Lin, Qiqi Tan, De Wu, Haojie Zhong, George F. Gao, Changwen Ke, Huiqiong Zhou, Zhang Baohuan, and Virology
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Lineage (genetic) ,Genome, Viral ,Global Health ,Zika virus ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Communicable Diseases, Imported ,Global health ,Humans ,Child ,Saliva ,Phylogeny ,Aedes ,Travel ,Genetic diversity ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Zika Virus Infection ,Transmission (medicine) ,Genetic Variation ,Zika Virus ,Emigration and Immigration ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Female - Abstract
Summary Objectives Fast expansion and linkage to microcephaly and Guillain Barre syndrome have made Zika virus (ZIKV) track attention of global health authority concerns. The epidemiology, virological characteristics and genetic evolution of introduced ZIKV to Guangdong, China, were investigated. Methods Analyses of the epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of ZIKV isolates were performed. Results A total of twenty-eight confirmed ZIKV infection cases were imported into China in 2016, of which 19 were imported into Guangdong, China from Venezuela (16), the Samoa Islands (1), Suriname (1) and Guatemala (1). Serial sampling studies of the cases indicated longer shedding times of ZIKV particles from urine and saliva samples than from serum and conjunctiva swab samples. Seven ZIKV strains were successfully isolated from serum, urine and conjunctiva swab samples using cell culture and neonatal mouse injection methods. Genomic analysis indicated that all viruses belonged to the Asian lineage but had different evolutionary transmission routes with different geographic origins. The molecular clock phylogenetic analysis of the ZIKV genomes indicated independent local transmission that appeared to have been previously established in Venezuela and Samoa. Additionally, we found 7 unique non-synonymous mutations in the genomes of ZIKV that were imported to China. The mutations may indicate that ZIKV has undergone independent evolutionary history not caused by sudden adaptation to Chinese hosts. Conclusion The increasing number of ex-patriot Chinese returning from ZIKV hyper-endemic areas to Guangdong combined with the presence of a variety of Aedes species indicate the potential for autochthonous transmission of ZIKV in Guangdong.
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- 2017
29. Serological evidence for exposure to avian influenza viruses within poultry workers in southern China
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Marion Koopmans, E. de Bruin, Reina S. Sikkema, Xuefeng Zhang, Changwen Ke, and Virology
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,China ,Veterinary medicine ,Younger age ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Protein Array Analysis ,Serological evidence ,Blood Donors ,Antibodies, Viral ,medicine.disease_cause ,Poultry ,Viral Proteins ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antigen ,Risk Factors ,Occupational Exposure ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Seroprevalence ,Child ,Aged ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,biology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,virus diseases ,Middle Aged ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Titer ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Southern china ,Influenza A virus ,Influenza in Birds ,biology.protein ,Female ,Antibody - Abstract
The risk of infection with avian influenza viruses for poultry workers is relatively unknown in China, and study results are often biased by the notification of only the severe human cases. Protein microarray was used to detect binding antibodies to 13 different haemagglutinin (HA1-part) antigens of avian influenza A(H5N1), A(H7N7), A(H7N9) and A(H9N2) viruses, in serum samples from poultry workers and healthy blood donors collected in the course of 3 years in Guangdong Province, China. Significantly higher antibody titre levels were detected in poultry workers when compared to blood donors for the most recent H5 and H9 strains tested. These differences were most pronounced in younger age groups for antigens from older strains, but were observed in all age groups for the recent H5 and H9 antigens. For the H7 strains tested, only poultry workers from two retail live poultry markets had significantly higher antibody titres compared to blood donors.
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- 2017
30. A human infection with a novel reassortant H3N2 swine virus in China
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Yi Jing, Wei Mai, Jie Wu, Hong Xiao, Changwen Ke, Lijun Liang, Min Kang, Yingchao Song, Lina Yi, Tie Song, Hanqing Tan, Lirong Zou, and Jing Lu
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Phylogenetic tree ,Swine ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Biology ,Infections ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Influenza A virus ,Animals ,Humans ,Swine virus ,Reassortant Viruses - Published
- 2019
31. Community based serosurvey of naïve population indicate no local circulation of Zika virus in an hyper endemic area of China 2016
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Huan Zhang, Huiqiong Zhou, Jiufeng Sun, Xiaoyang Jiao, Changwen Ke, De Wu, and Juan Su
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Male ,China ,Adolescent ,Endemic Diseases ,Population ,Antibodies, Viral ,Serogroup ,Zika virus ,Young Adult ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Humans ,Circulation (currency) ,education ,Child ,Aged ,Community based ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,Endemic area ,Infant ,Zika Virus ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Geography ,Child, Preschool ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,Endemic diseases - Published
- 2019
32. Genetic relatedness of selected clinical Vibrio cholerae O139 isolates from the southern coastal area of China over a 20-year period
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Baisheng Li, Dongmei He, Bixia Ke, Yonghui Zhang, Hailing Tan, D. C. Wang, Changwen Ke, and Yuan Xiao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,China ,Cholera Toxin ,Veterinary medicine ,Genotype ,Epidemiology ,030106 microbiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,El Tor ,Vibrio cholerae O139 ,Microbiology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cholera ,law ,Phylogenetics ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Allele ,Phylogeny ,Polymerase chain reaction ,biology ,Genetic Variation ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Original Papers ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Vibrio cholerae ,Sequence Alignment - Abstract
SUMMARYVibrio cholerae O139 emerged as a causative agent of epidemic cholera in 1992 in India and Bangladesh, and was subsequently reported in China in 1993. The genetic relatedness and molecular characteristics of V. cholerae O139 in Guangdong Province, located in the southern coastal area of China, remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated 136 clinical V. cholerae O139 isolates from 1993 to 2013 in Guangdong. By conventional PCR, 123 (90·4%) isolates were positive for ctxB, ace and zot. Sequencing of the positive amplicons indicated 113 (91·7%) isolates possessed the El Tor allele of ctxB (genotype 3); seven carried the classical ctxB type (genotype 1) and three harboured a novel ctxB type (genotype 5). With respect to tcpA, 123 (90·4%) isolates were positive for the El Tor allele. In addition, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (with NotI digestion) differentiated the isolates into clusters A and B. Cluster A contained seven of the non-toxigenic isolates from 1998 to 2000; another six non-toxigenic isolates (from 1998 and 2007) and all of the toxigenic isolates formed cluster B. Our results suggest that over a 20-year period, the predominant O139 clinical isolates have maintained a relatively tight clonal structure, although some genetic variance and shift has occurred. Our data highlight the persistence of toxigenic V. cholerae O139 in clinical settings in the southern coastal area of China.
- Published
- 2016
33. Characterization of anti-MERS-CoV antibodies against various recombinant structural antigens of MERS-CoV in an imported case in China
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Yao Deng, Jiaming Lan, Tie Song, Wenjie Tan, Changwen Ke, Wenling Wang, Huijuan Wang, and Guizhen Wu
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,China ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Immunology ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Biology ,Antibodies, Viral ,Microbiology ,law.invention ,MERS-CoV ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antigen ,Neutralization Tests ,law ,antibody ,Virology ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Antigens, Viral ,Viral immunology ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,recombinant structural antigens ,Recombinant Proteins ,respiratory tract diseases ,Nucleoproteins ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunoglobulin M ,Immunoglobulin G ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ,Recombinant DNA ,biology.protein ,Original Article ,Parasitology ,patient ,Antibody ,Coronavirus Infections - Abstract
The first imported case of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in China recently occurred, allowing for the characterization of antibody titers in a series of the patient's sera using the following methods based on recombinant viral structural antigens: inactivated MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), recombinant MERS-CoV spike (S, or fragments of S) ELISA, nucleoprotein (NP) ELISA and MERS S pseudovirus particle-based neutralization test (ppNT). A longitudinal profile of the infection showed that seroconversion detected by ELISAs based on the recombinant extracellular domain, S, S1 and receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigens occurred as early as neutralizing antibodies were detected by the ppNT and earlier than antibodies were detected by the inactivated MERS-CoV and N-terminal domain (NTD) ELISAs. Antibodies detected by the NP ELISA occurred last. Strong correlations were found between the S1, RBD and NP ELISAs and the inactivated MERS-CoV ELISA. The S and RBD ELISAs were highly correlated with the commercial S1 ELISA. The S ELISA strongly correlated with the ppNT, although the MERS-CoV, S1, NTD and RBD ELISAs were also significantly correlated with the ppNT (P
- Published
- 2016
34. A family cluster of imported ZIKV cases: Viremia period may be longer than previously reported
- Author
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Dawei Guan, George F. Gao, Changwen Ke, Tie Song, Jiufeng Sun, Dan Ning, Huan Zhang, Marion Koopmans, Yonghui Zhang, Huiqiong Zhou, Jinyan Lin, De Wu, Haojie Zhong, Qiqi Tan, and Virology
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Period (gene) ,MEDLINE ,Viremia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Family ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,business.industry ,Zika Virus Infection ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,Family cluster ,business - Published
- 2016
35. The epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of dengue virus during the third largest historical outbreak of dengue in Guangdong, China, in 2014
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Changwen Ke, Huiqiong Zhou, Jiufeng Sun, Cai Songwu, Huan Zhang, Xiang He, Jinyan Lin, Dawei Guan, and De Wu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Veterinary medicine ,viruses ,030231 tropical medicine ,Dengue virus ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,Dengue fever ,Dengue ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phylogenetics ,Genotype ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic diversity ,Phylogenetic tree ,virus diseases ,Outbreak ,Dengue Virus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Female - Abstract
Summary Objectives The third largest historical outbreak of dengue occurred during July to December 2014, in 20 of 21 cities of Guangdong, China. The epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the introduction, expansion and phylogeny of the DENV isolates involved in this outbreak were investigated. Methods A combination analyses of epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of dengue virus was performed in this study. Results In total, 45,236 cases and 6 fatalities were reported. Unemployed individuals, retirees and retailers were the most affected populations. A total of 6024 cases were verified to have DENV infections by nucleic acid detection, of which 5947, 74 and 3 were confirmed to have DENV-1, -2, and -3 infections, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of DENV-1 isolates were assigned into three genotypes (I, IV, and V). Genotype V was the predominant genotype that likely originated from Singapore. The DENV-2 isolates were assigned to the Cosmopolitan and Asian I genotypes. A unique DENV-3 isolate (genotype III) shared high similarity with isolates obtained from Guangdong in 2013. Conclusions A combination analyses demonstrated the multiple geographical origins of this outbreak, and highlight the importance of early detection, the case management and vector surveillance for preventing further dengue epidemics in Guangdong.
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- 2016
36. Effect of Live Poultry Market Interventions on Influenza A(H7N9) Virus, Guangdong, China
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Hanzhong Ni, Jing Lu, Jayna Raghwani, Yingchao Song, Marion Koopmans, Lina Yi, Jinyan Lin, Nuno R. Faria, Changwen Ke, Jianfeng He, Lirong Zou, Oliver G. Pybus, Lijun Liang, Guofeng Huang, Xin Zhang, Haojie Zhong, Xianqiao Zeng, Jie Wu, Min Kang, Thomas A. Bowden, Xiang He, and Virology
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,live poultry market ,China ,Genotype ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Psychological intervention ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,phylogeography ,medicine.disease_cause ,phylogeny ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,Virus ,Poultry ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Disease Outbreaks ,03 medical and health sciences ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Socioeconomics ,health care economics and organizations ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Research ,Incidence ,lcsh:R ,A(H7N9) ,live-poultry market ,Outbreak ,Effect of Live Poultry Market Interventions on Influenza A(H7N9) Virus, Guangdong, China ,Genetic Variation ,Influenza a ,Bayes Theorem ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Phylogeography ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Population Surveillance ,RNA, Viral ,Influenza virus ,influenza - Abstract
Temporary closure of these markets appears not to have halted virus transmission or prevented its dissemination., Since March 2013, three waves of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus have been detected in China. To investigate virus transmission within and across epidemic waves, we used surveillance data and whole-genome analysis of viruses sampled in Guangdong during 2013–2015. We observed a geographic shift of human A(H7N9) infections from the second to the third waves. Live poultry market interventions were undertaken in epicenter cities; however, spatial phylogenetic analysis indicated that the third-wave outbreaks in central Guangdong most likely resulted from local virus persistence rather than introduction from elsewhere. Although the number of clinical cases in humans declined by 35% from the second to the third waves, the genetic diversity of third-wave viruses in Guangdong increased. Our results highlight the epidemic risk to a region reporting comparatively few A(H7N9) cases. Moreover, our results suggest that live-poultry market interventions cannot completely halt A(H7N9) virus persistence and dissemination.
- Published
- 2016
37. Association of GII.P16-GII.2 Recombinant Norovirus Strain with Increased Norovirus Outbreaks, Guangdong, China, 2016
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Jan Vinjé, Changwen Ke, Yonghui Zhang, Jinyan Lin, Ling Fang, Huanying Zheng, Limei Sun, Jing Lu, Siwei Wu, Feng Yang, Hui Li, Hanri Zeng, Yanling Li, and Tie Song
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Genotype ,Epidemiology ,Guangdong ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,History, 21st Century ,law.invention ,Disease Outbreaks ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,fluids and secretions ,law ,Association of GII.P16-GII.2 Recombinant Norovirus Strain with Increased Norovirus Outbreaks, Guangdong, China, 2016 ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Recombination, Genetic ,Strain (biology) ,enteric infections ,Norovirus ,lcsh:R ,Dispatch ,Outbreak ,virus diseases ,Acute gastroenteritis ,foodborne disease ,Virology ,Gastroenteritis ,food safety ,gastrointestinal illness ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Recombinant DNA ,RNA, Viral ,Norovirus GII.2 genotype - Abstract
An unusual prevalence of recombinant GII.2 noroviruses (GII.P16-GII.2) in Guangdong, China, at the end of 2016 caused a sharp increase in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. This event was another non-GII.4 epidemic that emerged after the GII.17 viruses in 2014 and 2015 and warrants global surveillance.
- Published
- 2017
38. Characterization of a Novel Rat Hepatitis E Virus Isolated from an Asian Musk Shrew (Suncus murinus)
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Huimin Bai, Masamichi Muramatsu, Yasushi Ami, Naokazu Takeda, Yuriko Suzaki, Changwen Ke, Tian-Cheng Li, Wei Li, Dawei Guan, and Juan Su
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,China ,Genotype ,rat HEV ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Genome, Viral ,Orthohepevirus ,Virus Replication ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Virus ,subtype ,Feces ,Rats, Nude ,03 medical and health sciences ,Hepatitis E virus ,Virology ,biology.animal ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Long-Evans ,Rats, Wistar ,Phylogeny ,biology ,Shrews ,Strain (biology) ,Shrew ,Nucleic acid sequence ,virus diseases ,Suncus ,biology.organism_classification ,digestive system diseases ,Hepatitis E ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Asian musk shrew ,classification ,Female ,nude rat - Abstract
The Asian musk shrew (shrew) is a new reservoir of a rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) that has been classified into genotype HEV-C1 in the species Orthohepevirus C. However, there is no information regarding classification of the new rat HEV based on the entire genome sequences, and it remains unclear whether rat HEV transmits from shrews to humans. We herein inoculated nude rats (Long-Evans rnu/rnu) with a serum sample from a shrew trapped in China, which was positive for rat HEV RNA, to isolate and characterize the rat HEV distributed in shrews. A rat HEV strain, S1129, was recovered from feces of the infected nude rat, indicating that rat HEV was capable of replicating in rats. S1129 adapted and grew well in PLC/PRF/5 cells, and the recovered virus (S1129c1) infected Wistar rats. The entire genomes of S1129 and S1129c1 contain four open reading frames and share 78.3&ndash, 81.8% of the nucleotide sequence identities with known rat HEV isolates, demonstrating that rat HEVs are genetically diverse. We proposed that genotype HEV-C1 be further classified into subtypes HEV-C1a to HEV-C1d and that the S1129 strain circulating in the shrew belonged to the new subtype HEV-C1d. Further studies should focus on whether the S1129 strain infects humans.
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- 2020
39. Molecular evolution, diversity, and adaptation of influenza A(H7N9) viruses in China
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Jie Wu, Oliver G. Pybus, Thomas A. Bowden, Lirong Zou, Lijun Liang, Ru Bai, Min Kang, Yi Jing, Jayna Raghwani, Jing Lu, Julien Thézé, Rhys Pryce, Shanqian Huang, Yingchao Song, Lina Yi, Pingping Zhou, Changwen Ke, and University of Oxford [Oxford]
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Epidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,lcsh:Medicine ,adaptation ,avian influenza virus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,molecular epidemiology ,Geography, Medical ,Phylogeny ,Genetics ,hemagglutination inhibition assay ,Antigenic Variation ,3. Good health ,Molecular Evolution, Diversity, and Adaptation of Influenza A(H7N9) Viruses in China ,phylogenetics ,Infectious Diseases ,RNA, Viral ,influenza ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Genotype ,Hemagglutinin (influenza) ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,History, 21st Century ,Virus ,diversity ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Birds ,Evolution, Molecular ,H7N9 ,03 medical and health sciences ,respiratory infections ,Molecular evolution ,Phylogenetics ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Antigenic variation ,Animals ,Humans ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Hemagglutination assay ,Molecular epidemiology ,molecular evolution ,Research ,lcsh:R ,Genetic Variation ,virus subtypes ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,030104 developmental biology ,Influenza in Birds ,biology.protein ,avian influenza - Abstract
The substantial increase in prevalence and emergence of antigenically divergent or highly pathogenic influenza A(H7N9) viruses during 2016-17 raises concerns about the epizootic potential of these viruses. We investigated the evolution and adaptation of H7N9 viruses by analyzing available data and newly generated virus sequences isolated in Guangdong Province, China, during 2015-2017. Phylogenetic analyses showed that circulating H7N9 viruses belong to distinct lineages with differing spatial distributions. Hemagglutination inhibition assays performed on serum samples from patients infected with these viruses identified 3 antigenic clusters for 16 strains of different virus lineages. We used ancestral sequence reconstruction to identify parallel amino acid changes on multiple separate lineages. We inferred that mutations in hemagglutinin occur primarily at sites involved in receptor recognition or antigenicity. Our results indicate that highly pathogenic strains likely emerged from viruses circulating in eastern Guangdong Province during March 2016 and are associated with a high rate of adaptive molecular evolution.
- Published
- 2018
40. Serologic and behavioral risk survey of workers with wildlife contact in China
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De Wu, Peter M. Rabinowitz, Bradley S. Schneider, Jonathan H. Epstein, Huiqiong Zhou, Aleksei A. Chmura, Peter Daszak, Sally Trufan, Corina Monagin, Changwen Ke, Ning Liang, and Blanca Paccha
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Viral Diseases ,lcsh:Medicine ,Wildlife ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Serology ,Geographical Locations ,0302 clinical medicine ,Zoonoses ,Pandemic ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,lcsh:Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Animal Behavior ,Transmission (medicine) ,Eukaryota ,General Medicine ,3. Good health ,Professions ,Infectious Diseases ,Cohort ,Population study ,Pathogens ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Research Article ,China ,Asia ,Animal Types ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Environmental health ,Animals ,Risk factor ,Animal Pathogens ,SARS ,Behavior ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Correction ,030104 developmental biology ,People and Places ,lcsh:Q ,Population Groupings ,business ,Zoology - Abstract
We report on a study conducted in Guangdong Province, China, to characterize behaviors and perceptions associated with transmission of pathogens with pandemic potential in highly exposed human populations at the animal-human interface. A risk factor/exposure survey was administered to individuals with high levels of exposure to wildlife. Serological testing was performed to evaluate prior infection with several wildlife viral pathogens. Follow up serology was performed on a subset of the cohort as well as close contacts of individuals. 1,312 individuals were enrolled in the study. Contact with a wide range of wildlife species was reported in both occupational and occasional contexts. The overall proportion of individuals seropositive to any of the tested wildlife pathogens was approximately 4.0%. However, persons employed as butchers demonstrated a seropositivity of 9.0% to at least one pathogen of interest. By contrast, individuals working as hunters had lower rates of seropositivity. Among the study population, a number of other behaviors showed correlation with seropositivity, including contact with particular wildlife species such as field rats. These results demonstrate the need to further explore zoonotic risks of particular activities regarding wildlife contact, and to better understand risks of persons working as butchers with wildlife species.
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- 2018
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41. The increasing epidemic of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by coxsackievirus-A6, Guangdong, China, 2017
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Jing Lu, Huanying Zheng, Limei Sun, Tie Song, Leng Liu, Changwen Ke, Hanri Zeng, Fen Yang, and Hui Li
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Coxsackievirus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Hand-foot-and-mouth disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Enterovirus Infections ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Epidemics ,Enterovirus ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,business ,Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ,Foot (unit) - Published
- 2017
42. Circulation of Reassortant Influenza A(H7N9) Viruses in Poultry and Humans, Guangdong Province, China, 2013
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Yonghui Zhang, Li-Jun Liang, Xin Zhang, Derek J. Smith, Haojie Zhong, Jinyan Lin, Lirong Zou, Dawei Guan, Hanzhong Ni, Jing Lu, Jie Wu, Marion Koopmans, Min Kang, Xianqiao Zeng, Tie Song, Lina Yi, Changwen Ke, David F. Burke, Jianfeng He, Ron A. M. Fouchier, and Virology
- Subjects
Male ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Reassortment ,lcsh:Medicine ,Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,medicine.disease_cause ,Poultry ,Public health surveillance ,Influenza A virus ,Public Health Surveillance ,Geography, Medical ,influenza A ,Phylogeny ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,virus diseases ,H3N2 ,Middle Aged ,H9N2 ,Phylogeography ,Infectious Diseases ,Human mortality from H5N1 ,Female ,influenza ,Pneumonia (non-human) ,Reassortant Viruses ,Environmental Monitoring ,Adult ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Adolescent ,Guangdong Province ,Neuraminidase ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,H5N1 genetic structure ,Virus ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,H7N9 ,respiratory infections ,Viral Proteins ,Young Adult ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Influenza, Human ,Multiple Strains in Poultry Create an Environment That Is Rich for Reassortment and Poses an Ongoing Risk for Human Infection ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,emergence ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,human ,Aged ,Research ,lcsh:R ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Influenza in Birds ,reassortment - Abstract
Influenza A(H7N9) virus emerged in eastern China in February 2013 and continues to circulate in this region, but its ecology is poorly understood. In April 2013, the Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) implemented environmental and human syndromic surveillance for the virus. Environmental samples from poultry markets in 21 city CDCs (n = 8,942) and respiratory samples from persons with influenza-like illness or pneumonia (n = 32,342) were tested; viruses isolated from 6 environmental samples and 16 patients were sequenced. Sequence analysis showed co-circulation of 4 influenza A(H7N9) virus strains that evolved by reassortment with avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses circulating in this region. In addition, an increase in human cases starting in late 2013 coincided with an increase in influenza A H7 virus isolates detected by environmental surveillance. Co-circulation of multiple avian influenza viruses that can infect humans highlights the need for increased surveillance of poultry and potential environmental sources.
- Published
- 2014
43. Novel Reassortant Avian Influenza A(H5N6) Viruses in Humans, Guangdong, China, 2015
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Weixin Jia, Wenbao Qi, Dan Xiang, Yun-Di Yu, Jie Wu, Marion Koopmans, Runyu Yuan, Yongyi Shen, Qian Li, Changwen Ke, Reina S. Sikkema, Ming Liao, Can Huang, and Lu Liu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Letter ,Epidemiology ,Guangdong ,Highly pathogenic ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,H5N1 genetic structure ,Virus ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,parasitic diseases ,Reassortant Viruses ,medicine ,Influenza A virus ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Letters to the Editor ,novel ,lcsh:R ,virus diseases ,Outbreak ,Novel Reassortant Avian Influenza A(H5N6) Viruses in Humans, Guangdong, China, 2015 ,Virology ,H5N6 ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,zoonoses ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,reassortant ,avian influenza ,influenza ,A(H5N6) - Abstract
To the Editor: Avian influenza A(H5N6) influenza viruses have circulated among poultry in southern (Jiangxi, Guangdong) and western (Sichuan) provinces of China since 2013 (1,2). In 2014, outbreaks of H5N6 virus infection occurred among poultry in China, Laos, and Vietnam (1). In April 2014, the first case of highly pathogenic H5N6 infection among humans was detected in Sichuan Province (3); the second case was detected on December 3, 2014, in Guangdong Province (4). In December 2015, 4 humans in Guangdong Province were infected with H5N6 influenza (5,6).
- Published
- 2016
44. Human Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus, China
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Yuelong Shu, Lei Yang, Zifeng Yang, Joseph S. M. Peiris, Wenfei Zhu, Dayan Wang, Qinhan Lin, Changwen Ke, Haibo Zhou, Chris Ka Pun Mok, Wenjun Song, Jiexiong Liu, Nanshan Zhong, Jie Wu, Wenda Guan, Daniel Ka Wing Chu, and Jianfeng He
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Epidemiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,viral pneumonia ,Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ,neuraminidase ,Human Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus, China ,HPAI ,medicine.disease_cause ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,Fatal Outcome ,oseltamivir resistance ,Neuraminidase inhibitor ,CMV reactivation ,poultry ,Middle Aged ,Infectious Diseases ,Viral pneumonia ,Cytomegalovirus Infections ,influenza ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Meat ,medicine.drug_class ,Biology ,H5N1 genetic structure ,Virus ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,H7N9 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Amino Acid Sequence ,hemagglutinin ,highly pathogenic avian influenza ,antimicrobial resistance ,Poultry Diseases ,hypoxia ,Research ,lcsh:R ,acute respiratory distress syndrome ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,zoonoses ,030104 developmental biology ,Influenza in Birds ,biology.protein ,R292K mutation ,chickens ,Neuraminidase ,Transmission and infection of H5N1 - Abstract
The recent increase in zoonotic avian influenza A(H7N9) disease in China is a cause of public health concern. Most of the A(H7N9) viruses previously reported have been of low pathogenicity. We report the fatal case of a patient in China who was infected with an A(H7N9) virus having a polybasic amino acid sequence at its hemagglutinin cleavage site (PEVPKRKRTAR/GL), a sequence suggestive of high pathogenicity in birds. Its neuraminidase also had R292K, an amino acid change known to be associated with neuraminidase inhibitor resistance. Both of these molecular features might have contributed to the patient's adverse clinical outcome. The patient had a history of exposure to sick and dying poultry, and his close contacts had no evidence of A(H7N9) disease, suggesting human-to-human transmission did not occur. Enhanced surveillance is needed to determine whether this highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N9) virus will continue to spread.
- Published
- 2017
45. Effective Suckling C57BL/6, Kunming, and BALB/c Mouse Models with Remarkable Neurological Manifestation for Zika Virus Infection
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Qiwei Zhang, Jieli Deng, Qian Xie, Li Zhu, Wei Zhao, Xiaoen He, Weizhi Lu, Chengsong Wan, Qinghua Wu, Bao Zhang, Changwen Ke, Zhiran Qin, Weiwei Xiao, Suiqi Xu, Yujing Liu, Xuling Liu, Ying Li, and Jianhai Yu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microcephaly ,Movement disorders ,BALB/c Mouse ,Viremia ,Virus ,Article ,Zika virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Central Nervous System Infections ,Virology ,medicine ,Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) ,BALB/c mice ,Animals ,Kunming mice ,C57BL/6 mice ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,biology ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,Zika Virus Infection ,Animal Structures ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Neurologic manifestation ,suckling mouse model ,neurologic manifestation ,Immunology ,Disease Susceptibility ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Since 2015, 84 countries and territories reported evidence of vector-borne Zika Virus (ZIKV) transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared that ZIKV and associated consequences especially the neurological autoimmune disorder Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) and microcephaly will remain a significant enduring public health challenge requiring intense action. We apply a standardization of the multi-subcutaneous dorsal inoculation method to systematically summarize clinical neurological manifestation, viral distribution, and tissue damage during the progress of viremia and systemic spread in suckling mouse models. We found that C57BL/6 and Kunming mice (KM) both showed remarkable and uniform neurologic manifestations. C57BL/6 owned the highest susceptibility and pathogenicity to the nervous system, referred to as movement disorders, with 100% incidence, while KM was an economic model for a Chinese study characterized by lower limb weakness with 62% morbidity. Slight yellow extraocular exudates were observed in BALB/c, suggesting the association with similar ocular findings to those of clinical cases. The virus distribution and pathological changes in the sera, brains, livers, kidneys, spleens, and testes during disease progression had strong regularity and uniformity, demonstrating the effectiveness and plasticity of the animal models. The successful establishment of these animal models will be conducive to expound the pathogenic mechanism of GBS.
- Published
- 2017
46. A cluster of adenovirus type B55 infection in a neurosurgical inpatient department of a general hospital in Guangdong, China
- Author
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Lirong Zou, Jing Lu, Xin Zhang, Hanzhong Ni, Yingchao Song, Lina Yi, Min Kang, Changwen Ke, Lijun Liang, Jie Wu, and Juan Su
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Pediatrics ,Epidemiology ,Tonsillitis ,Attack rate ,Disease Outbreaks ,Adenovirus Infections, Human ,Medicine ,Child ,Pathogen ,Phylogeny ,Cross Infection ,Transmission (medicine) ,Middle Aged ,respiratory disease ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Workforce ,Female ,Original Article ,hospital infection ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Adolescent ,030106 microbiology ,Neurosurgery ,Disease cluster ,Hospitals, General ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Internal medicine ,Throat ,Humans ,human adenovirus type 55 ,Aged ,Inpatients ,Molecular epidemiology ,business.industry ,Adenoviruses, Human ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Outbreak ,Infant ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,Personnel, Hospital ,030104 developmental biology ,business - Abstract
Background Human adenovirus type 55 is a re-emerging human respiratory pathogen that is associated with several respiratory infections outbreaks in military and school populations. In this study, we describe the first HAdV55-associated hospital outbreak documented in Guangdong, China. Methods Active surveillance was conducted in the involved neurosurgical inpatient department. All staff and patients in the involved neurosurgical department were surveyed for any symptoms of fever (≥38°C) and enlarged tonsils during the outbreak period. Throat swabs and demographic information were collected for all cases. For each specimen, assays for common respiratory viruses were performed using one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. HAdV-positive samples were inoculated onto Hep-2 cells for isolation. Hexon genes, fiber genes, penton genes, and whole genomes were sequenced. A phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results and conclusions Forty-three cases, including 24 laboratory-confirmed cases and 19 possible cases, were identified. Nurses had the highest attack rate of infection, with a rate of 36.4%. The attack rate for doctors and inpatients was 20.0% and 16.7%, respectively. HAdV55 was the sole pathogen identified during this outbreak. The hexon, fiber, and penton genes from seven isolated HAdV55 stains were sequenced. All these genes showed 100% homology and fell into the HAdV55 [P14H11F14] cluster, indicating that HAdV55 was the single viral strain for the outbreak. While not conclusive, the epidemic investigation revealed that the outbreak was introduced by nurses from sources outside the hospital. It was likely that a transmission from staff to inpatients had occurred.
- Published
- 2017
47. Avian Influenza A (H7N9) viruses isolated from patients with mild and fatal infection differ in pathogenicity and induction of cytokines
- Author
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Huijun Yan, Ying Wang, Junmei Zhou, Lulu Si, Jie Wu, Changwen Ke, Yufeng Yu, Gucheng Zeng, Lifang Jiang, Danyun Fang, and Xiaolan Guo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ,Virus Replication ,Microbiology ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Virus ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Influenza A virus ,Animals ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Lung ,Virulence ,Interleukin-6 ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Viral replication ,Immunology ,Mutation ,Cytokines ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Female - Abstract
Since 2013, a novel Influenza A (H7N9) virus strain has continued to circulate within poultry and causing human disease. Influenza A (H7N9) virus results in two types of infection: mild and severe. The different results of clinical findings may be related with host susceptibility and characteristics of the virus itself. In order to investigate potential pathogenesis of Influenza A (H7N9) virus, we performed pathogenecity and cytokines analysis of two isolates, A/Guangdong/6/2013 H7N9 virus (GD-6) from a patient with a mild infection, and A/Guangdong/7/2013 H7N9 virus (GD-7) from a patient with a fatal infection. We found that GD-7 replicated to higher levels than GD-6 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), lung tissues, and mice. Furthermore, GD-7 infection resulted in more severe lung damage in mice lung tissues than GD-6 infection. GD-7 elicited higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) than GD-6 did. In conclusion, GD-7 was more pathogenic and induced higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines than GD-6 did.
- Published
- 2017
48. Hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangdong, China, in 2013: new trends in the continuing epidemic
- Author
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Leng Liu, Jiahai Lu, Xiaohua Tan, Huanying Zheng, Jinyan Lin, Hanri Zeng, Limei Sun, Hengxin Li, Xue Guo, Changwen Ke, and Lina Yi
- Subjects
Serotype ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Genotype ,foot and mouth disease ,Serogroup ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease cluster ,Hand-foot-and-mouth disease ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,phylogenetic analyses ,Enterovirus ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Molecular epidemiology ,Foot-and-mouth disease ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Coxsackievirus A6 ,hand ,Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ,business - Abstract
Millions of incidents of hand, foot and mouth disease occur annually in China, with EVA71 and CVA16 as two major causative pathogens. A provincial surveillance system has been implemented in Guangdong for almost 5 years to analyze the aetiological spectrum and epidemic changes. An unusual enterovirus type, CVA6, was identified as the predominant serotype associated with an HFMD epidemic from late 2012 to 2013. In contrast to virus strains isolated before, all CVA6/CHN/2012–2013 strains segregated into one major genetic cluster. This study suggested that one cluster of circulating CVA6 strain had emerged as a new and major cause during a continuing HFMD epidemic in Guangdong, China.
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- 2014
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49. Avian influenza H9N2 seroprevalence among swine farm residents in China
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Shuyi He, Wenbao Qi, Wanjun Zhu, Shoujun Li, Honglang Gu, Heng Wang, Changwen Ke, Zi-Guo Yuan, Yun Zheng, Xinliang Fu, Pei Zhou, Zhangyong Ning, Lifang Wang, and Guihong Zhang
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,Hemagglutination assay ,Avian influenza virus ,animal diseases ,food and beverages ,virus diseases ,Outbreak ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,law.invention ,Infectious Diseases ,Transmission (mechanics) ,law ,medicine ,Seroprevalence ,Pig farming ,China - Abstract
In parts of southern China, some large-scale swine farms are adjacent to lakes and ponds that are home to many types of birds. Some swine farms will also raise poultry for consumption and sale. Swine farms in rural China may be the source of the AIV outbreak. A seroepidemiological study was conducted among swine farm residents to understand the prevalence of antibodies against avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 in southern China. A total of 2,006 swine farm residents were sampled. Serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against H9N2 AIV by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization assays. A total of 37 serum samples from swine farm residents were HI positive for A/chicken/Guangdong/V/2008(H9N2), and 24 serum samples (all of which were also HI positive) were microneutralization assays positive for A/chicken/Guangdong/V/2008(H9N2). Due to the special pig farming model in southern China, the residents are in close contact with different kinds of birds. Thus, controlling bird-to-human transmission of AIV in swine farms with poultry may be an important means of preventing widespread AIV infection in humans.
- Published
- 2014
50. Serum and exosomal miR-122 and miR-199a as a biomarker to predict therapeutic efficacy of hepatitis C patients
- Author
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Zhicheng Fan, Qiaoxin Zhang, Xiaoyang Jiao, Changwen Ke, Huanzhu Chen, Ping He, and Yazhen Li
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,Serum ,Hepatitis C virus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Exosomes ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Virology ,microRNA ,medicine ,MiR-122 ,Humans ,Liver injury ,business.industry ,Hepatitis C ,Hepatitis C, Chronic ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Microvesicles ,MicroRNAs ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Liver function ,Drug Monitoring ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Aim: MicroRNA (miRNA), which has been shown to correlate with liver functions, has been proposed as a new biomarker reflecting liver injury. The aim of the study was to investigate miRNA -122 (miR-122) and mir-RNA -199a (miR-199a) as a biomarker for predicting therapeutic efficacy in hepatitis C (HepC)patients. Methods: 47 HepC 1b patients and 16 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum and exosomal mir-RNAs and other conventional biomarkers reflecting liver function were evaluated. Results: The miR-122 levels in serum (miR-122ser) and exosomes (miR-122exo) were significantly lower in the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b patients than in the normal controls, but these levels were higher compared to the non-genotype 1b group. The mean miR-122ser level in the sustained virological response (SVR) group was significantly higher than that in the non-response (NR) group (p 0.05), although this difference was not significant. miR-199a levels showed similar trends with the miR-122 levels in serum and exosomes. HCV RNAser was negatively correlated with the miR-122ser (r = -0.473, p = 0.004) and miR-122exo (r = -0.424, p = 0.009) levels. miR-122ser levels were positively associated with miR-199aser levels (r = 0.453,p = 0.002). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses reveal that the miR-122ser levels and ALT/AST ratio demonstrated a predictive value in evaluating patient outcomes. Conclusions: Serum miR-122 and miR-199a are potential biomarkers that reflect therapeutic efficacy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
- Published
- 2016
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