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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher and students' perspectives on their experiences within three consecutive hybrid sport education and cooperative learning pedagogical model units. Method: Fifty elementary school students (Mage = 10.52; SDage = 0.39) and a 36-year-old male teacher participated in three consecutive hybrid cooperative learning/sport education units (24 lessons). Semistructured interviews were conducted to gather data and gain a rich, insiders' perspective of their experiences. Results: Three main themes (including several subthemes) were generated from the data analysis: students' enthusiasm and involvement (autonomy support, motivation, and engagement); students' learning (technical–tactical learning, cooperative skills, and social learning); and teacher challenges. Conclusions: Findings from the current study showed that a teacher's use of three consecutive hybrid sport education/cooperative learning pedagogical model units promoted a learning environment where students were involved in authentic sport experiences that fostered the development of students' learning across all domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative learning, driven by knowledge co‐construction and meaning negotiation, is a pivotal aspect of educational contexts. While gesture's importance in conveying shared meaning is recognized, its role in collaborative group settings remains understudied. This gap hinders accurate and equitable assessment and instruction, particularly for linguistically diverse students. Advancements in multimodal learning analytics, leveraging sensor technologies, offer innovative solutions for capturing and analysing body movements. This study employs these novel approaches to demonstrate how learners' machine‐detected body movements during the learning process relate to their verbal and nonverbal contributions to the co‐construction of embodied math knowledge. These findings substantiate the feasibility of utilizing learners' machine‐detected body movements as a valid indicator for inferring their engagement with the collaborative knowledge construction process. In addition, we empirically validate that these inferred different levels of learner engagement indeed impact the desired learning outcomes of the intervention. This study contributes to our scientific understanding of multimodal approaches to knowledge expression and assessment in learning, teaching, and collaboration.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topicPrevious research emphasizes the importance of gestures as essential tools for constructing common ground and reflecting shared meaning‐making in learning and teaching contexts.The prior studies in multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) suggest that certain forms of body movements and postures can be differentiated based on the automatic detection of upper body joint locations.Empirical observations indicate that co‐thought gestures typically involve smaller hand or arms movement that are closer to the gesturer's body than co‐speech gestures used in interpersonal communication.What this paper addsThis paper fills the research gap by examining the use of gestures in collaborative learning, offering insights into how individuals contribute verbally and nonverbally to collaborative knowledge construction.This paper introduces the concept of using machine‐detected body movements as a viable proxy for inferring learners' engagement in collaborative knowledge‐building activities.Leverages sensor technologies for automatic detection of body movements, the innovative approach in this work seeks to overcome the time‐intensive and laborious process of manually coding gestures.Implications for practice and/or policyBy recognizing the potential significance of learners' body movements in indicating engagement levels with collaborative knowledge‐building activities, instructors can set up computer‐supported collaborative learning (CSCL) environments to enable capturing these movements.Given the crucial role of gestures in learning, teaching, and collaboration, educators can create more equitable formative assessment practices for linguistically diverse students by developing strategies that align with multimodal forms of knowledge expression.Research can expand beyond mathematics to explore the transferability of these findings to other subjects, helping educators create comprehensive pedagogical approaches that leverage multimodal interactions across disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the differential effects of gamification on learning outcomes, motivation, and usability perceptions in an introductory programming course, focusing on gender differences. While gamification has shown promise for increasing student engagement in educational settings, its impact may vary across genders. An experimental study was conducted with 88 university students randomly assigned to gamified and non-gamified groups. Learning gains were assessed through pre- and post-tests, motivational factors were measured via questionnaires, and usability perceptions were evaluated using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaire. Results revealed that women learned significantly more than men in the non-gamified condition, while men outperformed women in the gamified condition. Furthermore, men reported higher enjoyment, usefulness, and comfort with the gamified tool than women. Interestingly, both genders indicated greater satisfaction with the non-gamified version. These findings contribute nuanced insights into how gamification impacts genders differently in programming education, suggesting that gamification may hinder women's learning while modestly benefiting men. The study highlights the importance for practitioners to carefully consider gender dynamics when implementing gamified approaches, potentially offering customization options or blended techniques to optimize learning outcomes for all students in programming education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article summarises the author's experience transitioning from Further Education (FE) to Higher Education (HE) teaching in 2022-23. It identifies areas for concern in the author's setting and outlines the author's strategies for overcoming these obstacles, utilising their background in FE. In particular, this article explores common, engaging classroom activities and outlines why these activities require adapting for use in HE. Inspired by these classroom activities, this article presents a selection of interactive lecture activities promoting student engagement via formative assessment, adaptive teaching, and student ownership. It summarises how the activities have evolved over time and reflects on their use. Finally, the author reviews the success of the activities, discusses students' reactions to them, and outlines future plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that project-based learning (PjBL) allows for hands-on application in realistic contexts and that immersive virtual reality (iVR) allows learners to interact with multiple modalities of information and immerse in a real-world English environment, this study investigates how incorporating iVR technology into PjBL contexts affects students' oral English skill and engagement. A total of 80 business English majors enrolled in a course named Hotel English were assigned randomly to one of four groups: traditional, PjBL, iVR, and PjVR (iVR-assisted PjBL). Students in the PjVR group were to create VR videos to finish the projects while those in the PjBL group participated in a PjBL context in the classroom but without the use of iVR technology. The traditional group students followed the traditional PPP (presentation, practice, and production) instructional procedures in the classroom while the iVR group students also followed the PPP procedures but with the iVR technology to support in practice part. After the intervention, all the students took a post-oral English test and completed a students' engagement questionnaire. The results showed that the oral English skill of the PjVR group students significantly outperformed the other 3 groups and the students' skills of grammar and vocabulary, discourse management, pronunciation, and interactive communication all improved significantly while their behavioral, affective, cognitive, and social engagement also improved a lot. The implications of these findings highlight the importance of immersing language learners in immersive environments for contextualized learning by combining iVR and PjBL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across two studies we investigated the impact of instructor enthusiasm on student attentional engagement during an online undergraduate lecture, as well as their memory for lecture content and their motivation to watch additional lecture videos on the same topic (Study 2 only). In both studies participants were randomly assigned to watch a 22-min lecture, delivered with either high or low vocal enthusiasm by the instructor. Subjective ratings of instructor enthusiasm/energy confirmed that in both studies the manipulation of instructor enthusiasm was effective. More importantly, in both studies we found that students in the high enthusiasm condition were consistently more engaged over the course of the lecture compared to those in the low enthusiasm condition, and that overall, reports of engagement increased together with ratings of instructor enthusiasm. However, we found no evidence that instructor enthusiasm influenced quiz performance in either study. Nevertheless, Study 2 showed that those in the high enthusiasm condition were more motivated to watch the next lecture than those in the low enthusiasm condition. These findings make an important contribution to the study of online learning and indicate that instructor enthusiasm may be a viable strategy to increase student engagement and motivation in online courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research on providing feedback on public speaking has investigated the effectiveness of feedback sources, namely teacher feedback, peer feedback, and self-feedback, in enhancing public speaking competence, predominantly individually. However, how these sources of feedback can be collectively harnessed to optimize learner engagement and public speaking performance still warrants further investigation. Adopting a pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design, this study randomly assigned four classes to four feedback conditions: Group 1 received teacher feedback, Group 2 self-feedback and teacher feedback, Group 3 peer and teacher feedback, and Group 4 feedback from all three sources. Both student engagement, measured using the Public Speaking Feedback Engagement Scale (PSFES), and their public speaking performance ratings, assessed using the Public Speaking Competency Instrument (PSCI), were validated using Rasch analysis. The inferential statistics revealed that Group 3 showed significant improvements across nearly all three dimensions of engagement, whereas Group 2 experienced significant declines in all dimensions of engagement except behavioral engagement. Group 3 demonstrated significantly greater engagement gain compared to Groups 2 and 4, indicating the synergistic effect of peer and teacher feedback in contrast to the limited impact of self-feedback. Additionally, all groups demonstrated significant improvements except for Group 2, which showed significantly lower improvement compared to Group 4. The following correlation analysis identified a significant correlation between the gain of students' behavioral engagement and the gain of public speaking performance, whereas such association was absent between cognitive or emotional engagement and public speaking competence. This study suggests that peer feedback should be preceded by group discussion and supplemented with teacher feedback in classes for enhancing the teacher–student dialog, while self-feedback should be conducted after class to improve student engagement and public speaking performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many K–16 educators agree that active learning is a key component for student success in life sciences. At the same time, some instructors are frustrated by inconsistent student participation in these activities and may revert to traditional teaching strategies. Horse caregivers face a similar frustration when they lead a horse to water and it will not drink. However, they do not stop offering water. Instead, horse caregivers consider two possibilities: the horse is not thirsty or the water is not good. In this article, we apply horse sense to student engagement. We start by framing common challenges within two larger categories: student mindset ("Are the student's thirsty?") and activity design ("Is the water good?"). For each challenge, we subsequently provide strategies to intentionally increase student learning while also empowering instructors to keep perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participation in student peer leader roles, roles in which more senior students serve as mentors and educators to their peers, have continued to grow in their application and importance to institutions of higher education around the globe. Using a theoretical approach based in Legitimate Peripheral Participation and drawing from the International Survey of Peer Leaders, our paper explored the role of the quality and quantity of participation in important outcomes of the college experience: leadership development, skill development, and academic success. The results showed that the number of hours per week spent on peer leadership activities and the total number of peer leadership positions contributed to positive quality of engagement and enhanced students' academic outcomes, overall leadership skills, and career readiness. Moreover, findings showed that the quality of engagement moderated the influences of the quantity of participation particularly for measures of academic success. As students develop relationships with faculty, staff, and peers throughout their time in peer leader roles and feel a deepening sense of connection and belonging to the college or university, students in peer leader roles become fuller participants in the academic community and, as a result, develop the knowledge, skills, and ways of doing, thinking, knowing, and being that are critical for student success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, which is quasi-experimental in nature, looks into how language learners’ willingness to communicate and engagement in English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms are affected by Duolingo. The control and experimental groups comprised two complete classes with forty EFL students. To compare learner engagement and communication willingness scores before and after treatment, the study used independent samples t-tests. The results demonstrated the groups’ initial homogeneity by showing no discernible differences prior to the intervention. The results confirmed the effects on learner engagement, which showed significant gains in affective, cognitive, and behavioral domains, indicating Duolingo’s beneficial impact on engagement in general. Furthermore, the significant effect sizes observed confirmed Duolingo’s contribution to improved language attitudes, engagement, and communicative confidence. Compared to the control group, the experimental group’s willingness to speak, read, write, comprehend, and communicate generally improved in a manner that was statistically significant. The significant effect sizes demonstrate how well Duolingo works to improve different aspects of willingness to share. The study emphasizes the pedagogical tool’s adaptability and encourages teachers to integrate Duolingo for a comprehensive and technologically enhanced language learning experience. Practical implications arise for EFL teachers who use online learning resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic engagement has been shown to deteriorate in lower secondary school, and it is necessary to find ways to prevent this so that students' engagement and achievements do not decline irrevocably. Teacher support for growth mindset (TSGM) is likely to influence students' mindsets while also promoting academic engagement and achievement. This cross-sectional study first examined the extent to which lower secondary school students (N = 1608) perceived their teachers' classroom pedagogy as supportive of their growth mindset and students' growth mindset beliefs. The study's main purpose was to test a latent structural equation model specifying that perceived TSGM is directly related to students' growth mindset, directly and indirectly related to academic engagement (behavioral and emotional), and indirectly related to academic achievement. Students' perceived growth mindset and academic engagement thus served as intermediate variables. The results verified that TSGM was indeed related to growth mindset and academic engagement, the latter both directly and via students' perceived growth mindset. Furthermore, TSGM was also related to academic achievement via students' growth mindset and academic engagement. The results suggest that TSGM can facilitate students' growth mindset and academic engagement and, thereby, achievement in lower secondary school, a period during which students may struggle with academic motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BRIDGES is a software framework for creating engaging assignments for required courses such as data structures and algorithms. It provides students with a simplified API that populates their own data structure implementations with live and real-world data, and provides the ability for students to easily visualize the data structures they create as part of routine classroom exercises. The objective is to use the infrastructure to promote a better understanding of the data structure and its underlying algorithms. This report describes the BRIDGES infrastructure and provides evaluation data collected over the first five years of the project. In the first 2 years, as we were developing the BRIDGES projects, our focus was on gathering data to assess whether the addition of the BRIDGES exercises had an effect on student retention of core concepts in data structures; and throughout the 5-year duration of the project, student interest and faculty feedback were collected online and anonymously. A mixed method design was used to evaluate the project impact. A quasiexperimental design compared student cohorts who were enrolled in comparable course sections that used BRIDGES with those that did not. Qualitative and quantitative measures were developed and used together with course grades and grade point averages. Interest and relevance in BRIDGES programming assignments was assessed with additional survey data from students and instructors. Results showed that students involved in BRIDGES projects demonstrated larger gains in knowledge of data structures compared to students enrolled in comparable course sections, as well as long-term benefits in their performance in four follow-on required courses. Survey responses indicated that some investment of time was needed to use BRIDGES, but the extra efforts were associated with several notable outcomes. Students and instructors had positive perceptions of the value of engaging in BRIDGES projects. BRIDGES can become a tool to get students more engaged in critical foundational courses, demonstrating relevance and context to today's computational challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated significant shifts in educational practices, with distance education emerging as a critical component for the forthcoming school year. This research proposal aims to evaluate the effectiveness of phonics reading materials in enhancing the reading engagement of Grade 3 learners at Cristo Rey West Elementary School. Utilizing an indirect questionnaire method, this research seeks to monitor and measure the reading frequency among students. The one-group pretest-posttest design will be employed, whereby a single group of students is assessed before and after exposure to the phonics program. The initial assessment will gauge current reading engagement levels, as reported by parents. Subsequently, a reading engagement survey, adapted from Whitaker (2003), will be administered to measure changes post-intervention. Data collection will coincide with the distribution and retrieval of learning modules, ensuring minimal disruption to the learners' routine. This study is pivotal in addressing the educational challenges posed by the pandemic, providing insights into the efficacy of targeted reading programs in a remote learning context. The findings will inform future strategies to enhance student engagement and literacy outcomes during unprecedented times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses Australian secondary science teachers' perceptions of their pedagogy and students' classroom engagement based on the Science Capital Teaching Approach (SCTA). Previous research studies related to the idea of teaching to enhance the science capital of secondary students mainly employed qualitative methods to collect data from teachers. This often takes more time and resources to figure out teachers' competency in implementing SCTA-related practices. This study gathered data through an online survey. The responses from the online survey were used to develop the 'Teachers' Self-reporting Science Capital Questionnaire' (TSSCQ) comprising 11 scale variables with alpha values closer to seven or more. The TSSCQ supports secondary science teachers in self-assessing their agreement to the extent to which they incorporate SCTA-related practices into their science lessons. The TSSCQ along with a scoring guide assist the teachers to identify areas that they need to improve. A strong and statistically significant correlation has been found between the teaching practices that value science and scientists and the teaching practices that highlight the utility of science. Moreover, teachers did not strongly agree that they incorporate the teaching practices based on family cultural capital. The implications of these findings have been also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the transformative potential of place-based community organizing as a theory and practice of progressive social change and as a critical approach to the social purpose of community engagement in Higher Education Institutions. The aim is to expose power asymmetries and civic renewal "from below" through a focus on community engaged learning, specifically community organizing on the curriculum for geography undergraduates. The empirical focus is an English university, but the issues and observations are widespread. Around the world, students are coping with disruptions following a global pandemic, austerity, and loss of trust in local democracy – participating in climate emergency and racial justice movements. This paper advances community organising and community engaged learning as a mutually co-constitutive challenge to conventional notions of the student as a passive consumer of recruitment, learning, and individualised notions of civic responsibility. Methods of community organising are based on the theory that if you want change, you need power: change ultimately traces a motivational journey from anger to agitation and action. Empirical vignettes explore the transformative role of emotionally stirring "political theatre" and direct action, while exposing tensions that arise due to the transitory status of students in place and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from observed gender differences in educational effort and because research considers motivation to be a personal student feature, this study had two aims. First, it examined whether autonomous and controlled motivation are shared by students within a school and whether such a motivation culture is associated with the school's student composition. Second, the study examined whether students', and specifically boys', class engagement and disruptive behaviour are associated with the motivation culture in their school. The main findings of analyses of data from 5162 eighth-grade students (average age 14) in 57 Flemish secondary schools are that (1) schools are characterized by an autonomous and controlled motivated culture that is related to schools' sex and migrant composition and schools' socioeconomic composition, respectively, and (2) boys' disruptive behaviour is related to the autonomous motivation culture, showing boys are more susceptible to their peers' motivation culture. Implications for research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engagement with socioscientific issues (SSI) is seen as an important citizenship goal of SSI-based science education. In this experimental study, Dutch students (age 8 to 13) participated in lesson series in which they learned about and discussed SSI, such as issues related to the textile industry and wastewater. Attitudes toward SSI indicating engagement were measured among relatively large experimental (n = 236) and control (n = 192) groups prior to and after the intervention. Multilevel analyses showed a positive effect of SSI-based teaching on collective efficacy and no effects on the other seven attitude components. Furthermore, we investigated whether the effects depended on students' SSI-related resources. Students' profiles for use of sources of knowledge (USK) moderated the effect of condition on self-efficacy and—depending on analysis type—on personal relevance, positive feelings, and collective efficacy. The positive impact occurred mainly for students with low USK. We discuss implications thereof for SSI education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to interact or engage with the instructor, other students, and the content i.e., to experience online student engagement, is one main difference between traditional and digital media employed in teaching and learning processes. As literature on this topic in the Turkish context has proliferated, to date, virtually no systematic reviews of this research have been carried out in order to identify potential gaps in the literature. To address this issue, this study investigated previously conducted research in chronological order on student engagement at the post-secondary level in the Turkish context using a PRISMA-based systematic review screening process. The results show that online engagement research and practices have clearly increased and diversified over time. Specifically, online engagement research in the Turkish context has tended to focus on computer science students studying in online-only, LMS-supported environments where their behavioral engagement has been investigated quantitatively. Considering these findings, this systematic review suggests that future studies in the Turkish context should examine other fields besides computer science education, focus more on collaborative tools and the social dimension of engagement, use more qualitative methods, and investigate blended environments as well as online-only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Digitalisation is reshaping the learning process, shifting it towards personalisation and online learning, and fuelling the growth of massive open online courses (MOOCs) and micro-credentials. Despite being a popular global trend, limited studies have looked at micro-credentials and their impact on learners' behavioural outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of programme design factors on learning experience, as well as the inter-relationships between programme design, learning experience and behavioural responses (e.g. engagement and willingness to pay more (WTPM)) towards micro-credentials. In addition, the study aims to investigate learning enjoyment as a moderator. Design/methodology/approach: A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 354 respondents who are working adults living in the major economic states in Malaysia. Data analysis was performed using the analysis of a moment structures (AMOS) statistical software and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) PROCESS macro. Findings: The results show the significance of programme design factors (i.e., flexibility, system quality and content quality) in determining the learning experience. The learning experience is found as a mediator in the relationship between programme design factors and learner engagement and WTPM. In addition, the moderation assessment confirms that enjoyment during learning strengthens the relationship between experience and behavioural responses. Originality/value: This study is amongst a few selected studies that focus on engagement in and WTPM for micro-credentials. In addition, it emphasises the mediating role of the learning experience and the moderating role of enjoyment in understanding the impact of programme design on learners' experiences and behavioural responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of practical experience and visualization in the fluid power discipline, highly tied to students' success, requires integrating immersive pedagogical tools for enhanced course delivery, offering real-life industry simulation. This study investigates the impact of using virtual reality (VR) technology as an instructional tool on the learning and engagement of 48 mechanical engineering technology (MET) students registered in the MET: 230 Fluid Power course at Purdue University. An interactive VR module on hydraulic grippers was developed utilizing the constructivist learning theory for MET: 230 labs, enabling MET students to explore light- and heavy-duty gripper designs and operation through assembly, disassembly, and testing in a virtual construction environment. A survey consisting of a Likert scale and short-answer questions was designed based on the study's objective to evaluate the students' engagement and perceived attitude toward the module. Statistical and natural language processing (NLP) analyses were conducted on the students' responses. The statistical analysis results revealed that 97% of the students expressed increased excitement, over 90% reported higher engagement, and 87% found the VR lab realistic and practical. The NLP analysis highlighted positive themes such as "engagement", "valuable experience", "hands-on learning", and "understanding", with over 80% of students endorsing these sentiments. These findings will contribute to future efforts aimed at improving fluid power learning through immersive digital reality technologies, while also exploring alternative approaches for individuals encountering challenges with such technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in teaching literature, specifically focusing on short stories. An online survey of literature teachers was used, in which 40 literature teachers from different Saudi universities participated. The survey results indicated that literature teachers recognized the potential benefits of AI tools, including personalized learning experiences and increased student engagement. Teachers believed that AI tools could improve learning outcomes by enhancing students' comprehension of literary techniques and devices. However, the survey also revealed challenges related to teacher training and concerns about the quality of AI-generated content. The study suggests several recommendations, including stakeholder engagement, comprehensive teacher training, ethical guidelines, continuous evaluation of AI tools, and ensuring that AI complements rather than replaces human expertise. The study concludes that AI tools, when implemented thoughtfully and supported by ongoing research, have the potential to enhance short story education by providing customized and engaging learning experiences that enhance interactions between students and texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REICE. Ibero-American Journal on Quality, Effectiveness & Change in Education / REICE. Revista Iberoamericana Sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación is the property of Red Iberoamericana de Investigacion sobre Cambio y Eficacia en Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on a complex dynamic system approach, this study examined the dynamic of interactions between adults (a teacher and teaching assistant) and two children with ASD. We observed two preschool classrooms, each containing one child with contrasting ASD characteristics. Child engagement and adult participation during welcome time activities were observed once a month for 9 months; dramatic differences in interaction dynamics between the two classes were revealed. In the class including an autistic child with high support needs and low language ability, the active participation of adults associated with active child engagement gradually increased over the year. In the class including an autistic child with a high level of challenging behaviours (but with low support needs and typical language skills), increased variability resulted in a deep change in the landscape of attractors. Whereas the child was mostly engaged with adult participation during the first trimester, he was actively engaged without adult participation in the final trimester. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compared undergraduate students' learning gains attained through student-led discussions with those acquired through teacher-led discussions in students who had previously engaged in a different learning activity. A total of 305 undergraduate students participated in the study. It was found that prediscussion activities yielded differential student outcomes depending on the applied combination. Self-study groups achieved higher scores through student-led discussions, whereas, lecture groups attained better scores through teacher-led discussions. To substantiate the joint effect, we attempted to elucidate students' outcomes through moment-by-moment analyses of cognitive-behavioral engagement observed during discussions. Students assigned to the self-study and student-led discussion groups displayed consistently high engagement throughout their discussions, however, the engagement dropped sharply in teacher-led discussion. Meanwhile, student engagement increased over time in the teacher-led discussion group after the class listened to a lecture. The results of moderated mediation analysis showed that discussion formats moderated by prediscussion activity affected students' cognitive-behavioral engagement, which led to their learning. Therefore, our findings contribute to a new perspective of engagement as a student learning in discussions and imply that teachers can induce students' engagement leading to superior learning outcome by combining appropriate instructional strategies and classroom discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of Positive Psychology in second language acquisition has placed greater emphasis on the vital role of engagement in learning English as a foreign language (EFL). Although previous research has established that EFL learners' engagement is affected by ideal L2 self, boredom, and grit respectively, sporadic studies have attempted to address the simultaneous link between these factors and engagement. To fill the gap, this study aims to examine the association between the ideal L2 self and engagement among EFL learners, with a special focus on the mediating role of grit and boredom in the relationship. A total of 466 EFL learners were enrolled in two public universities in Northern China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) results revealed that grit positively predicted engagement and mediated the relationship between the ideal L2 self and engagement. Moreover, boredom negatively predicted engagement and acted as a mediator between the ideal L2 self and engagement. However, ideal L2 self did not directly predict engagement. These findings contribute to the current knowledge by elucidating the complex relationships between the three factors and engagement, which can provide insights for pedagogical practices and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geogebra was known as an interactive mathematics software and environment that supported a variety of mathematical activities, making it ideal for learning and teaching Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). The study investigated the integration of geogebra into a geometry curriculum and its effects on cognitive and non-cognitive aspects. Using mixedmethod research, the study examined the impact of geogebra on student test performance, engagement, and motivation. The research participantswere BSED mathematics students enrolled in plane and solid geometry. The respondents were chosen without using a random selection procedure. An adapted questionnaire was used to assess the level of mathematics engagement and motivation, while a researcher-created questionnairewas used to assess the level of test performance. The quantitative part utilized the mean, percentage, Wilcoxon-signed ranked scale, and Spearman rank-order correlation. Jack Caulfield’s six-step thematic analysiswas used to assess the qualitative aspect. The findings indicated that incorporating geogebra benefited student engagement and test performance; however, students’ motivation remained the same. The data also revealed a positive relationship between engagement and motivation and a non-significant correlation between engagement and test performance, as well as motivation and test performance. The study showed that students encountered various challenges when using geogebra. The use of the proposed enhancement of technology-aided instruction to improve geometry teaching and learning was suggested. Finally, this study provided evidence that geogebra could effectively be used to increase student engagement and motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this descriptive analysis, we consider the experiences of students who prefer face-to-face (F2F) classes but, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, had no alternative other than taking their introductory biology class online during the 2020–2021 academic year. We conducted focus group interviews with 12 college students who enrolled in an asynchronous online introductory biology course for non-majors. We interpret their experiences through the theoretical framing of student engagement, which generally centers students as the directors of their learning experiences. However, when reflecting on their online, technologically mediated experience, our participants regarded their instructors as the hub or convener of their interactions with content, technology, and other learners. We explore the implications of these findings for engaging other students who may find themselves involuntarily online, and make recommendations for pedagogy and communication around the culture of online learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher education institutions rely on part-time faculty to teach a large percentage of courses in a range of disciplines. Existing research indicates that instruction by part-time faculty can negatively impact academic outcomes, student retention, and subsequent interest in a field of study. This study investigates if using a motivational information system can help close this performance gap. It introduces a type of motivational information system called an educational engagement information system (EEIS). EEISs draw on principles of behavioral economics, motivation theory, and learning cognition theory to help students want to improve their performance. The study compared student failure status in course sections taught by part- and full-time instructors both with and without an EEIS. Results suggest that using an EEIS can help improve student failure rates in courses taught by part-time faculty members and bring students' performance to parity with the performance of students taught by a full-time instructor. Features of an EEIS, such as the additional structure, grade and outcome trackers, and motivational elements, can augment a part-time instructor's approach and may compensate for limitations sometimes associated with part-time instruction including limitations of expertise, time, or rewards that can have a negative impact on students' academic outcomes. As a result, students can experience higher completion rates and better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the importance of motivation in language learning, specifically in school-aged learners. It discusses the challenges faced by educators in motivating language learners and the theoretical developments in the field. The article emphasizes the need for more research on school-aged learners' motivation and the role of teachers in fostering motivation. It also introduces a special issue that includes studies on gamification, task engagement, and instructional settings in relation to motivation. The text further discusses various studies on motivation and engagement in language learning, including the importance of considering students' full linguistic repertoires, the use of non-digital gamification techniques, and the characteristics of tasks that maximize engagement. It also explores the concept of Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs) and how they can lead to profound change in language learning. Finally, a study examines the creation of a group DMC through project work in a university language classroom. These studies contribute to our understanding of motivation and engagement in language learning and highlight the need for further research in this area. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of English Teaching & Learning is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding the influence of teaching culture (tradition) within academic departments is crucial for new teachers navigating the complex landscape of higher education. This paper investigates the possible impact of the department's teaching culture on the pedagogical approaches of new teachers, forming their teaching style, concentrating on insights gathered from interviews with experienced colleagues in a Swedish university department with a focus on engineering education. By exploring the department's teaching traditions and identifying potential challenges faced by new teachers, this study offers valuable insights into enhancing teaching styles and fostering student engagement. Drawing upon both experiential knowledge and insights from pedagogic literature and courses, the authors provide practical strategies to overcome obstacles and promote operative teaching practices. Ultimately, the outcomes of this study aim to empower new teachers to create enriching learning environments that promote student motivation, engagement, and overall academic success, aligning with the findings of existing literature on pedagogy and student learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the contemporary university environment, there is a growing trend towards the use of innovative pedagogical methods aimed at increasing student engagement and learner-centeredness. Despite this shift, traditional lecture formats continue to be used, particularly in large classes or language courses. This is largely due to the perceived efficiency and convenience of the traditional lecture format for both teachers and students. However, the limited interaction and communication inherent in traditional lectures can hinder student satisfaction and participation. To address this, the integration of an instant response system (IRS) into the classroom environment offers a promising solution. These systems, which leverage technology and anonymity, facilitate real-time feedback and active student participation without placing a significant burden on the instructor. This study examines the implementation of IRSs in Hindi language learning courses at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, focusing on their impact on student satisfaction, engagement, and self-efficacy at different levels of academic achievement. The findings reveal nuanced differences in perceptions and outcomes between high, average, and low achievers, highlighting the potential of IRSs to foster engagement and communication in diverse learner cohorts. Contrary to expectations, satisfaction levels did not consistently correlate with academic performance. In fact, middle achievers showed significant benefits. Qualitative findings further elucidate students' experiences and highlight the importance of tailored approaches to maximize the effectiveness of IRSs. Overall, this research highlights the adaptability and effectiveness of IRSs in promoting active learning environments, and offers valuable implications for instructional design and pedagogical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' instructional innovativeness on student engagement, with specific reference to behavioral and emotional aspects of engagement as perceived by the teachers. Given the ever-changing demands of contemporary education, this study underscores the importance of innovativeness and its influence on student engagement in L2 learning and teaching. The study adopted a cross-sectional design, utilizing a predictive moderated model, also assessing whether various teacher background variables such as educational status, gender, and field of graduation moderate the relationship between instructional innovativeness and student engagement. Data from 144 EFL teachers across Turkiye underwent analysis through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). It was shown that instructional innovativeness significantly predicts both behavioral and emotional student engagement. However, only educational status, particularly differences between BA and PhD degrees, was found to moderate the impact on behavioral engagement, with no significant moderating effects identified for emotional engagement. In conclusion, this study highlights the merit of cultivating and fostering a culture of innovation among ELT practitioners to benefit students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenges and tensions experienced by mid-career faculty (MCF) can lead to frustration, disengagement, or leaving the professoriate altogether, a trend noted by researchers prior to and especially after the pandemic. In this article, we explore the role that collegial support and career reflection and assessment strategies targeting mid-career faculty can play to preserve institutional vitality, support faculty agency, and promote student success. Additionally, we propose initiatives and supports that may assist these faculty members in staying in the academy and staying well as they pursue professional fulfillment and work towards their goals, including promotion to full professorship. We contend that post-secondary campuses should invest in keeping MCF engaged because of the crucial roles they serve on campus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflation over motivation and engagement has historically impeded research and practice. One reason for this is because definition and measurement have often been too general or diffuse--especially in the case of engagement. Recently conceptual advances aimed at disentangling facets of engagement and motivation have highlighted a need for better psychometric precision-- particularly in the case of engagement. To the extent that engagement is inadequately assessed, motivation research involving engagement continues to be hampered. The present study investigates multidimensional effort (a specific facet of engagement) and how it relates to motivation. In particular, we examine the associations between specific positive and negative motivation factors and dimensions of effort, thereby shedding further insight into how different types of motivation interplay with different types of engagement. Drawing on data from a sample of 946 Australian high school students in 59 mathematics classrooms at five schools, this study hypothesized a tripartite model of academic effort in terms of operative, cognitive, and social--emotional dimensions. A novel nine-item self-report Effort Scale measuring each of the three factors was developed and tested for internal and external validity--including its relationship with multidimensional motivation. Multilevel confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factor structure and validity of multidimensional effort. Additionally, doubly-latent multilevel structural equation models were conducted to explore the hypothesized motivation → engagement (effort) process, and the role of student- and classroom-level background attributes as predictors of both motivation and effort. Results supported the hypothesized model of tripartite effort and its distinctiveness from motivation, and showed that key dimensions of motivation predicted effort at student- and classroom-levels. This study provides implications and suggestions for future motivation research and theorizing by (1) establishing evidence for the validity of a novel engagement framework (multidimensional effort), and (2) supporting future measurement and practice in academic engagement juxtaposed with multidimensional motivation--critical for better understanding engagement, and motivation itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer-based simulations are highly effective in supporting students' deep conceptual understanding of scientific ideas. However, in the unprecedented era of the COVID-19 outbreak, students around the world experienced an induced state anxiety, which may have affected their engagement with the learning environments and ultimately their academic outcomes. This crisis underscores the global need to examine the learning processes and identify means of supporting students' engagement under stressful conditions. With this goal in mind, the current study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 induced anxiety on the learning process of 187 undergraduate students by means of computer-based simulation during a quarantine. Findings show that 56% of the students reported experiencing anxiety following the COVID-19 outbreak. A bivariate parametric analysis demonstrated that this COVID-19 induced anxiety had a negative impact on students' engagement. Indirect model analysis revealed that emotional disaffection in terms of boredom mediated the negative effect of COVID-19 induced anxiety on students' engagement. From a theoretical perspective, these findings highlight the pivotal role of boredom in students' learning processes in times of externally induced anxiety. From a pedagogical perspective, our findings highlight the necessity to implement teaching approaches that attend to boredom to mitigate the negative effects of externally induced anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between engagement and the intention to drop out was the focus of this research. Following an empirical–analytical approach, a sample of 1,122 university students responded to a questionnaire designed to measure the engagement and the intention to drop out of school. The results confirmed that undergraduates who considered dropping out had lower scores on the engagement scale. These data are relevant for the adoption of preventive measures against academic dropouts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today’s fast-paced world, students are learning in a different environment than in the past and with many different tools than ever before. The students of today have been termed “digital natives” (Prenksy, 2001) due to being raised in a digital age and exposed to technology from the day they were born. According to Prensky (2001), digital natives can speak the digital language and multi-task on several technologies at one time. Given these aptitudes, educators have been eager to incorporate technology into their classrooms without it becoming a distraction. This has been an ongoing discussion at the university level and the means to make it happen takes time, effort and trial and error on the part of the students and university professors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The English learning environment, both online and offline, can be improved through the implementation of effective pedagogical approaches. In response to secondary education needs, it is critical to establish comparable curriculum paradigms that address the knowledge acquisition gap and psychometric variation. This study aims to promote student engagement and self-efficacy in English education by implementing a problem-based learning (PBL) approach integrated with social constructivism (SC). A t-test and a correlation test were used in a single-group quasi-experiment with 45 participants. The results of paired samples t-tests show a significant difference in engagement (M = 4.78, SD = 2.95, p = .001, p < .05) and selfefficacy (M = 6.49, SD = 16.59, p = .01). Admittedly, both cognitive engagement and social engagement enhance grammatical and textual competence efficacy dramatically, leading to a spectacular improvement. After controlling for the pre-test, a correlation between engagement and efficacy remains significant (r (43) = -0.40, p = .01). In conclusion, the combination of PBL with SC education has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in facilitating English language learning, meeting the needs of secondary education teenagers, whether in a physical classroom or engaging through online platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effective instructional strategies perceived by EFL students to enhance their engagement in a blended learning environment. Data from an English Reading and Writing blended course at a Chinese university were collected and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. A total of 162 non-English majors responded to a survey and 10 were interviewed to express their views. The results identified 16 instructional strategies either online or face-to-face, which could enhance students' behavioral, emotional, cognitive or social engagement. These strategies were further categorized into four groups, namely instructor presence, process monitoring and feedback, learning assessment and group cooperation. Student interviews were analyzed to gain a deeper understanding of the strategies. Pedagogical implications have been provided, with an emphasis on the fundamentals of developing effective instructional strategies for teachers in blended learning environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation and engagement are critical components of student learning, particularly in the achievement of science learning outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effect of combining flip and jigsaw (Flip-J) learning strategies on students' motivation and engagement in science and to determine the perception of students and the teacher on the use of Flip-J as a learning strategy in science. The participants of the study were 68 Grade 10 students at the Mariano Marcos State University Laboratory High School Laoag who had classes utilizing the Flip-J strategy. The study made use of survey questionnaires on students’ engagement, motivation, and perception of the use of the Flip-J strategy, and teacher’s observation and feedback questionnaires in gathering the needed data. The results gathered from the survey were analyzed using weighted mean, z-test, and Cohen’s d. The findings show that there is a significant improvement in the motivation and engagement of the students after using the Flip-J strategy. Students’ and the teacher observer’s responses to open-ended questions revealed that the Flip-J strategy promotes positive interdependence, encourages proactive learning among students, and improves students' interpersonal skills. Therefore, Flip-J is an effective strategy in enhancing student engagement and motivation in science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In teaching chemistry, laboratory activities increase student's interest because it provides hands-on experience for learning. Unfortunately, the school lack these facilities; thus, hands on learning were barely possible. Due to this reason the researcher opted to utilize virtual chemistry laboratory to address the problem. This study attempted to determine the effect of virtual chemistry laboratory to enhance learning performance and engagement of Grade 10 Learners. Pre-experimental research design involving one-group pretest-posttest was utilized. T-tests were used to determine the significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores. Pearson correlation was used to determine the significant relationship between the students' engagement and learning performance and Cohen's d was used to determine the effect size. The result revealed an increase in learning performance of students. Moreover, students agreed that they were moderately engaged. There was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores of both learning performance and engagement. However, there was no significant relationship between the two variables. The result further revealed that virtual chemistry Laboratory has a large effect to learning performance and engagement. In the teaching and learning process, technology plays an important role in providing an educational atmosphere that stimulate students and motivate them for better learning. In light of the results of this study, since the app utilized was downloaded by the researcher, modifications as to what the virtual laboratory should have been and should have been not possible. Thus, it is recommended that training and seminars could be provided to teachers in developing useful technologies that are personalized and based on their own context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual learning, necessitated by COVID-19, is novel in Kuwait. This study explores Islamic education pre-service teachers' perceptions regarding online learning experiences with virtual discussions to demonstrate its effectiveness in interaction, engagement, and socialization. Data were collected from 161 female Islamic education pre-service teachers enrolled at (Kuwait University). A mixed methods research approach confirmed the participants' positive perceptions regarding the virtual learning experience and the role of virtual discussions in fostering engagement, interaction, and perceived learning. Virtual discussions maximized peer cooperation, enforced communication skills, and generated constructive feedback. The drawback was that a few pre-service teachers dominated the discussion, highlighting the importance of the instructor's guidance in achieving learning outcomes. For these teachers in training, this study clarifies the impact of virtual discussions on learning outcomes and in fostering interaction and engagement and helps them understand the importance of being heard, communicating ideas, and sharing perspectives in a virtual environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of flipped learning (FL) is increasing in higher education with enormous educational benefits. But limited research has investigated the relationships of students' transactional distance (TD) perceptions, engagement, and course satisfaction in FL. This correlational study was conducted to explore these important factors and their relationships in FL. 198 undergraduate students participated in this 14-week-long study, including 105 females and 93 males. Three well-established instruments were employed to collect data. The path analyses with the structural equation model showed that students' TD perceptions were significantly related to their engagement and course satisfaction in FL. Furthermore, the study found that each of the five types of interactions, as sub-dimensions of TD perceptions, was positively related to student engagement as well as course satisfaction in FL. The research findings provide strong empirical evidence on the effect of TD perceptions on student engagement and satisfactions, and have rich implications for the design, implementation, and research of FL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes an interactive activity for the first week of an undergraduate Strategic Management (SM) or Business Policy and Strategy (BPS) course. This activity is designed to foster student engagement, which is critical to both the teaching of theory and the practice of strategy while reinforcing course learning objectives regarding crucial SM concepts. This activity moves students to active learning by asking the class, "What happens in the world if dogs talk?" Post-activity survey results indicated that students found the activity an effective way to introduce fundamental strategy concepts, create a conversational learning space, and motivate them to learn throughout the course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the connection between technology components, student motivation, and engagement with Web-based assessment platforms. Technology components include feedback, functionality, and response. We built a research model on the motivational technology model as the overarching theory for our investigation. We collected data from 313 undergraduate business students from one Midwestern American institution and analyzed it using CB-SEM. The findings indicate that technology-related factors influence individuals' motivation (namely, competence and autonomy), which, in turn, impacts engagement. We discuss the results and their implications for research and practice. Additionally, we address the limitations and identify future research opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The examination of the literature reveals that scant attention has been paid to L2 graduate students' engagement with feedback on their academic texts. To fill this gap in the literature, the current study investigated the engagement of 53 TEFL master's degree students with peer comments using a host of data collection and analysis tools, including eye-tracking, stimulated recall interviews, and content analysis. The participants exchanged computermediated comments on an academic writing task (i.e., thesis proposal) and were asked to revise their texts based on these comments while their eye movements were being captured using an eye-tracking application. Then, the eye-tracking videos were employed as stimuli to extract the participants' reasons for not applying the comments. In addition, the participants' first and revised texts underwent content analysis, and their feedback incorporation strategies were identified. The findings of this study indicated that the participants applied more than two-thirds of the comments; however, justified elaborated feedback was adopted more than elaborated and concise general feedback. The participants also applied justified elaborated feedback more accurately than the other feedback types. Finally, the results showed that four main feedback qualities (being too general, incomprehensible, inapplicable, and faulty) adversely affected L2 MA students' feedback incorporation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]