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Introduction: Citizenship and International Migration As there are various forms and types of international migration, there is a corresponding variety of statuses of immigrants and hence citizenships. (1) For instance, [...]

Studies on immigrants' residential concentration have reported mixed findings. Some have argued that immigrants' residential concentration is a necessary step in the process of their social integration because there the newcomers find housing and employment opportunities as well as social support. As they learn the language and improve their socioeconomic status, they move to neighborhoods where they share space with the native population. Others have argued that the ethnic neighborhood delays the process of social integration in the new society because it nurtures informal ethnic social networks that provide incomplete information and retard the process of language acquisition. The study reported here investigated the effect of motivations, perceptions of attitudes of the host society, acculturation and socioeconomic factors on immigrants' residential concentration. It also sought to expand previous research by examining the relationship between immigrants' residential concentration and social relationships with nonimmigrants. Data for the study were collected in 1999 through a survey of immigrants from the FSU who had settled in one northern city in Israel after 1989. The results show a negative relationship of socioeconomic status and fluency in Hebrew with the percentage of immigrants residing in a given neighborhood. The higher the socioeconomic status and the more fluent the immigrant in Hebrew, the lower the percentage of immigrants in his or her neighborhood. Immigrants who expressed a proactive motivation for migration resided in neighborhoods with a low percentage of immigrants. Immigrants' residential concentration was not found to be related to the development of social relationships with the local population. The implications of the findings are discussed., Gustavo S. Mesch (1) Studies have shown that at the beginning of immigration there is a tendency towards residential concentration of immigrants in low-income inner city areas. Residence in neighborhoods [...]

An integrated threat theory composed of four variables was used to predict attitudes toward immigrant groups in Spain and Israel. The four threats are symbolic threats based on value differences between groups; realistic threats to the power, resources, and well-being of the in-group; anxiety concerning social interaction with out-group members; and feelings of threat arising from negative stereotypes of the out-group. All four threats were significant predictors of attitudes toward one or more of the immigrant groups. It was predicted, and found, that intergroup anxiety and negative stereotypes were more powerful and consistent predictors of prejudicial attitudes toward immigrants than were realistic threats or symbolic threats. The implications of the theory for the causes and reduction of prejudice were discussed., Immigration has shaped the world in which we live. Throughout history, people have migrated from one part of the world to another, populating the earth and eventually creating the nation [...]

Beginning in 1993, Israel began importing large numbers of foreign workers, replacing its traditional Palestinian labor force. This article presents a descriptive history and theoretical analysis of the migration, placing it in the context of Israel's reliance on noncitizen labor from the occupied territories. Dual labor market theory is particularly helpful in analyzing labor migration to Israel, but only by also analyzing the determinants of state policy can we understand how these recent flows began. The Israeli case thus suggests a cumulative model of the initiation of labor migration flows: structural factors create a predisposition toward use of foreign labor, and political factors determine whether and how that predisposition will be actualized., This article analyzes the entry of low-level foreign labor into the Israeli labor market since 1967, focusing in particular on foreign workers who have arrived in large numbers since 1993, [...]

This article speculates on the place of contradiction in the symbolic construction of the world. There has been much anthropological work on the ubiquity of symbolic classification in human society and culture, but insufficient attention has been paid to the contradictory as a desirable cognitive resort: to playing with, and denying, symbolic classifications at the same time as assuming them. Juxtaposing literary, theoretical and empirical sources, the article therefore outlines a thesis concerning the importance, the prevalence and the purpose of recourse to the contradictory as a conscious feature of the use of language. Construing the existence of 'words', of 'communities' and of 'individuals' can be seen as attempts symbolically to define, make singular, limited and congruous what is at the same time recognized to be multiple, unlimited and incoherent. Empirical evidence for the thesis is provided by an account of contemporary American immigrants in the State of Israel., Blessed art Thou, Lord God, King of the Universe, who hast varied the aspects of Thy creatures. JEWISH PRAYER Introduction 'There is a place', wrote William Blake, 'where contrarieties are [...]

I. INTRODUCTION Until recently (Bartel and Koch, 1991; Nogle, 1994; Kirtz and Nogle, 1994; Neuman and Tienda, 1994) the spatial dimension of immigrant absorbtion was a neglected lacuna in the [...]

The concept of place attachment is examined within the context of a between-country migration situation, that of immigrants from the former Soviet Union to Israel. The study hypothesized that place attachment to Israel would be related to the immigrant's motive for migrating to Israel and to the perceived differences between their physical environment in the Soviet Union and in Israel, examined on the city neighborhood, building, and apartment level. An individual, structured interview was conducted with 60 students from the former Soviet Union studying in Israeli universities. Differences between the two countries were perceived for most of the attributes. The USSR was preferred on 22 attributes, Israel on 6. More important than the number of preferences is the direction of preference. Perceiving the new environment to be different does not necessarily mean that the immigrants will not become attached to that environment. If the preference is for the new over the old, then attachment to the new is more likely., This Century, and particularly the last 20 years, has been characterized by large-scale waves of migration between countries. It is not that population movements have not occurred in the past; [...]

This article applies the theory of structuration to international labor migration using case study material from the Philippines. It first provides a brief review of the functional and structural approaches to understanding labor migration and the theoretical impasse that has been created between them. It then reviews several attempts to resolve this impasse, including systems and networks approaches; these solutions are rejected on theoretical and empirical grounds. We suggest that migrant institutions may be a more appropriate mid-level concept than households or social networks to articulate various levels of analysis. We develop this concept in the context of the structuration theory of Anthony Giddens and attempt to apply this to the Philippines, concluding that framework is eminently suited for further research on international labor migration., International labor migration from developing countries has been the subject of vast academic literature in the past twenty years as researchers have attempted to measure its extent, to define its [...]

Introduction The sweeping changes that have recently taken place in the eastern bloc, particularly the demise of the Soviet Union, have made an indelible mark on the Israeli scientific community. [...]

Over the past 50 years, the Jewish world has experienced a number of unprecedented and momentous changes which have transformed its structure, its internal composition, and its future prospects. First [...]

IN MAY 14, 1948, the reborn state of Israel proclaimed in its Declaration of Independence that it will be open to the immigration of Jews from all countries of their [...]

Econometric investigation of the Immigrant Employment Survey for the years 199 1--4 suggests that internal migration by immigrants from the former USSR during their first years in Israel is unrelated [...]

In the Tahhans' Household Na'ima, my eldest sister, died peacefully in her sleep one night in November 1980, aged 77. A few years before her death, I made a habit [...]

VLADIMIR Beilis's heavy eyelids drooped as he pondered another question. When I left his bare yet clean kibbutz flat at 8.30 p.m., I asked him what time he had to [...]