2,921 results
Search Results
2. Introduction.
- Author
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Harris, Adrienne
- Subjects
FAMILIES ,EXILES ,REFUGEES ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
In this introduction, the highlights of three papers addressing the questions of immigration, traumatic migration and exile are presented. The papers give clinical details of the work with persons inflight from dangerous and potentially fatal homeland situations, offer theoretical guidelines to thinking about the different implications of trauma upon refugees and migrating persons and families and also consider the particular demands on migration and exile in communities and families within the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Correspondence.
- Author
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Chamberlain, J., Cozens, J. C., Cunningham, Edward, C. R. C., Peters, Edward T., Eggert, C. A., Jameson, J. F., Mead, W. R., Clevenger, S. V., and Wadsworth, M. E.
- Subjects
LETTERS to the editor ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,PAPER money ,CHINESE people ,JOURNALISM ,LAW - Abstract
Presents several letters to the editor regarding different previous articles and various socio-political developments and issues. Comments on a critical note concerning ownership for issuing paper money; Information regarding questions of Italian and Chinese immigration; Criticism of comments made by Californian writers on the Chinese.
- Published
- 1884
4. America's Paper Curtain.
- Author
-
Shils, Edward A.
- Subjects
VISAS ,INTERNAL security -- Law & legislation ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,IMMIGRATION law ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The article reflects on the visa policy of the United States. It cites the Internal Security Act of 1950 and the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 and their effects in the country's foreign policy and home security. It also cites the factors that underlies the provisions of the visa policy such as the fear of foreigners, hatred of the educated, the uncomfortable position of the consuls between Congress and the applicant, and the lack of provisions for effective administration.
- Published
- 1952
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Barriers and Facilitators of Help-Seeking Behaviors in South Asian Women Living in High-Income Countries who Have Experienced Domestic Violence: Perception of Domestic Violence Survivors and Service Providers.
- Author
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Sultana, Razia, Ozen-Dursun, Busra, Femi-Ajao, Omolade, Husain, Nusrat, Varese, Filippo, and Taylor, Peter
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY of abused women ,TORTURE victims ,META-synthesis ,CULTURE ,SAFETY ,DISCLOSURE ,IMMIGRANTS ,DEVELOPED countries ,SOCIAL support ,MINORITIES ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SOCIAL norms ,HELP-seeking behavior ,SOUTH Asians ,DOMESTIC violence ,FEAR ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,EXPERIENCE ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,POLICE psychology - Abstract
There has been little research on domestic violence (DV) within ethnic minority communities in high-income countries. This study reports on the findings of a meta-ethnography that examined the barriers and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors in South Asian women living in high-income countries who have experienced DV to inform practice, understand the limits of the evidence, and identify research gaps. Qualitative studies were identified which were available in English by electronic databases. After an initial search, 2,465 articles were reviewed by title and abstract and 135 articles were reviewed for full text. Thirty-five papers were included for this review and were synthesized using meta-ethnography. Key findings included barriers and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors: (1) Socio-cultural norms to prohibit help-seeking behaviors, (2) Fear of negative consequences, (3) Negative aspects of immigration status, (4) Insufficient support from statutory, and voluntary agencies, (5) Safety strategies and facilitators for surviving. Although this review investigated the perceptions of two different populations (survivors and service providers) both groups had similar views about the barriers and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors. It is crucial for the government and non-government organizations to understand the barriers for women who are DV survivors to seek help from their organizations and also from South Asian ethnicities. The awareness and understanding of these barriers and facilitators may help support the development of interventions to encourage effective help-seeking amongst South Asian women affected by DV. Suggestions for research, practice, and policies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Negotiating Work-Family Transitions: Reverse Family Migration among Second-Generation Hong Kong Mothers.
- Author
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Ngan, Lucille Lok Sun
- Subjects
- *
FAMILIES , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *FAMILY unity (Law) - Abstract
Gendered and generational understandings of circular migration are scant in studies of Chinese family migration. Filling this gap, this paper draws on in-depth interviews with twenty-six returnee families to examine the work–family transitions of previously employed, overseas-educated mothers who have re-migrated from Hong Kong to Canada, Australia, the United States, or the United Kingdom. These overseas-educated returnee mothers possess transnational backgrounds that differentiate them from most first-generation immigrant mothers. This paper shows that, despite this distinction, reverse migration leads to compromised careers and domestication for these women, although they accept, and in some cases embrace, such compromises. This study elucidates how both husbands and wives in these families justify women's post-migration changes in their work and caregiving roles. It argues that beyond economic rationalization, interrelated gender, cultural, transnational, and family lifestyle dimensions distinctively impact how second-generation returnee mothers negotiate work–family transitions. This paper offers new insights involving generational and gendered dimensions into the study of Chinese family migration. It also widens the discussion of the impact of family migration on skilled immigrant women in transnational circuits beyond its focus on the lives of first-generation skilled immigrant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Masculinity attitudes in the United States across intersections of race/ethnicity, immigration status, and education.
- Author
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Silva, Tony
- Subjects
MASCULINITY ,RACISM ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,EDUCATION - Abstract
How do American men's attitudes about masculinity differ across intersections of race/ethnicity, immigration status, and education? This paper uses the NSFG 2011-2019, a large survey (n = 17,944) representative of American men aged 15-44. It analyzes white men; Black men; non-immigrant Latinos; and immigrant Latinos, with each broken down by less than a bachelor's; a bachelor's degree; or an advanced degree, for a total of 12 intersections. Most differences between men of different races/ethnicities/immigration statuses were between men with less than a bachelor's. Several groups were more conservative on some attitudes but not others. For instance, among men with less than a bachelor's, white men were more conservative than Black men regarding an attitude about going to the doctor, but less conservative than Black men on attitudes about showing pain or men's sexual needs. Additionally, the attitudinal differences that emerged were distinct for different levels of education. Among men with less than a bachelor's, most significant differences emerged regarding the attitudes about going to the doctor and men's sexual needs. In contrast, among men with a bachelor's, most differences emerged regarding the attitude about showing pain. Among men with the same racial/ethnic identity and immigration status, men with lower levels of education were more likely to endorse conservative attitudes about masculinity. All three intersections are meaningfully related to attitudes about masculinity, and future research about masculinity attitudes should not analyze social identities/statuses separately but rather as they intersect with one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Bibliometric analysis of immigration and environmental degradation: evidence from past decades.
- Author
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Anuar, Azyyati, Marwan, Nur Fakhzan, Smith, John, Siriyanun, Sirinya, and Sharif, Arshian
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,ENVIRONMENTAL sciences ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,LIFE sciences - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine immigration and environmental degradation using bibliometric analysis. This paper also analyzes sources of publication, authorship, citations, distributions publications and other bibliometric indicators. The study focuses on a total of 1372 articles published from 2000 to 2020. These articles were collected through an automated process from the Scopus database and later analyzed using techniques such as bibliometric indicators analysis, VOSviewer, and Perish or Publish. The research identified 991 articles from varieties of published sources. The topic of immigrants and environmental degradation has been an emerging topic since 1981. Starting in 2000, most of the scholars actively producing an articles pertinent to this topic. Most of the articles were published in journals, and English is the primary language of research. United States is the leading country in contributing the publications. Meanwhile, the most significant fields in which the sources were produced were environmental science, agricultural and biological sciences, arts and humanities and earth and planetary sciences. However, some limitations has been found. It has been suggested for future research, to lengthen this work to other databases, as well as bibliometric analyses of immigration and environmental degradation in developed and developing countries by adding a new keyword such as energy consumption and climate change. This paper aims to assess recent trends in the expansion of academic literature on immigration and environmental degradation using the bibliometric analysis method. Network visualization and bibliometric indicators are used in this paper to present the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. AMERICAN EMPLOYERS’ INTERESTS AND MIGRANT LABOUR IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE.
- Author
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OKÓLSKI, MAREK
- Subjects
EMPLOYERS ,FOREIGN workers ,ECONOMIC change ,LABOR market ,IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Copyright of CMR Working Papers is the property of Centre of Migration Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
10. Immigration Attitudes and Positive Messaging: Evidence From the United States.
- Author
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Bearce, David H. and Stallman, Ken
- Subjects
SOCIAL attitudes ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,PARTISANSHIP ,CITIZEN attitudes ,NATIONAL security ,JOB creation ,LABOR mobility - Abstract
This paper considers a messaging strategy to shift immigration preferences, arguing that if citizen attitudes in this issue-area build from several dimensions, then a positive message related to each dimension should move attitudes in a more favorable direction. It tests the first part using original survey data with directly comparable questions about whether immigration hurts/helps American culture/the economy/national security, providing evidence that all three dimensions currently support the preferences of voting-age citizens. It tests the second part by randomly presenting another sample with different messages about how labor immigration strengthens national security, creates new jobs, or enhances culture, finding that all three reduce anti-immigration attitudes with significant effects even within groups that are more opposed to immigration (namely, white Americans, those with less education, and partisan Republicans). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. POSITION PAPERS: UNITED STATES BORDER POLICY.
- Author
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A.G.K.
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRATION law , *IMMIGRANTS , *PUBLIC officers , *EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The article reports that the U.S. is currently experiencing one of the largest waves of immigration in its history. Mexican nationals constitute a major component this flow, although much of this migration is illegal under present U.S. law. As the number of illegal aliens increases yearly, public officials are increasingly hard pressed to reconcile the stated policy of this country with the facts of the migration. The dilemma is whether to enforce existing laws more vigorously, in an effort to stem the flow, or to recognize that the immigration will persist nevertheless and should perhaps be sanctioned and extend the protection of U.S. law to persons who are now commonly exploited. In the present instance, the problem is all the more complicated by its illegality, which makes it difficult to assess its impact on the welfare both of the native and immigrant populations. Professor Wendell C. Gordon is an institutionalist, with special interests in Latin America and international economies. In his paper he adopts an historical perspective, tracing the origins of the current migration, and argues for the relaxation of laws prohibiting immigration from Mexico.
- Published
- 1975
12. Is the offshore outsourcing landscape for US manufacturers migrating away from China?
- Author
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Sameer Kumar, Jennifer Medina, and Mark T. Nelson
- Subjects
OFFSHORE assembly industry ,INDUSTRIALISTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,FREIGHT & freightage rates ,RAW materials ,MATHEMATICAL analysis ,VALUE-added tax - Abstract
Purpose -- The motivation for this study is triggered by the fact that lately contract manufacturers in China have to deal with a number of unprecedented cost pressures such as currency fluctuations, the VAT rebate reduction, and minimum wage enforcement. As cost pressures in China continue to mount, this paper aims to analyze whether the US manufacturing outsourcing pendulum is swinging away from China and back to nearby Mexico, or towards emerging low-cost countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey or Argentina. Design/methodology/approach -- Analysis consists of comparing major cost drivers such as labor, currency, freight, and raw material and determined per unit price and the potential impact of currency fluctuations over the next five years. An example of Easle Pads (paper-based non-adhesive coated) is used to present the detailed analysis. Findings -- The outsourcing landscape today may change again in the near future as the VAT rebate is further reduced or eliminated or the impact of the Olympic Games finish. Assumptions will need to be updated to reflect any changes in the future. Though other countries such as Vietnam appear to be viable options, managers will need to take other factors into consideration when making outsourcing decisions. They will need to identify specific suppliers in a country and obtain quotes in order to finalize their decision. Research limitations -- The data analysis is supposedly very high-level. Many assumptions were applied lacking full detail, and duties and customs were not specifically addressed for each country. However, this organized approach is useful as a strategic decision tool in performing supplier searches to identify potential countries. Practical implications -- The paper helps shed light on the opportunities that exist in the emerging low-cost countries such as Vietnam and Indonesia. Other countries, such as Turkey and Argentina, also offer low labor costs, but may be better considered as regional sources of supply, rather than US outsourcing destinations. Originality/value -- The majority of studies on manufacturing outsourcing in relation to China concentrate on the reasons why one should choose China. The paper looks at manufacturing outsourcing away from China and identifies possible alternatives for contract manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Influences of return migration on international collaborative research networks: cases of Japanese scientists returning from the US.
- Author
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Murakami, Yukiko
- Subjects
SCIENTISTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,TECHNOLOGY transfer ,ETHNICITY ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
The emigration of scientists facilitates the formation of international networks. However, are ties in such networks maintained after the scientists return to their respective home countries? Using data from the Web of Science, this paper analyzes whether Japanese migrant scientists returning from the US maintain the collaborative research network ties that they formed during their stay in the US and, if so, what features of these ties contribute to maintaining these relationships. The geographical distance between the US and Japan can impede the transfer of knowledge that is transmitted most effectively through face-to-face interactions. However, social proximity may compensate for geographical distance. Accordingly, the ties that Japanese scientists have formed with other Japanese scientists living in the US are more likely to be maintained than the ties that they have formed with scientists of different ethnicities. Social proximity was also measured by past experiences in collaborative research. The ties to scientists with whom Japanese scientists collaborated more frequently or co-produced papers with higher citation counts are more likely to be maintained after the scientists return to Japan. When collaborative research of American and Japanese scientists is worthwhile, they obtain mutual benefits through a 'give and take' in which they compensate for one partner's lack of knowledge by the other partner's knowledge. In a research field with which the developmental gap between the US and Japan is great, ties are less likely to be maintained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. 'Papers Please', Rules Court All Immigrants May Face Racial Profi ling.
- Author
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Sohrabji, Sunita
- Subjects
UNITED States appellate courts ,LEGAL judgments ,LEGISLATION ,LAW enforcement officials ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The article presents information on the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court regarding the Senate Bill (SB) 1070 passed by the Arizona state Legislature in 2010. It informs that the court's decision has retained the most contentious part of the legislation and highlights that the law would allow law enforcement officials to ask proof of immigration status from anyone suspected of being undocumented in the U.S.
- Published
- 2012
15. How legal patterns over lifetime of migration shape migrants' labour market outcomes: Evidence from Mexican migrants in the United States.
- Author
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Chen, Zhenxiang
- Subjects
LABOR market ,IMMIGRANTS ,STATUS (Law) ,HUMAN capital ,SOCIAL capital ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
This article proposes a life‐course measure of the legal pattern that accounts for the overall legal pattern over the lifetime of migration and explores the two main pathways to labour market outcomes: selecting into legal patterns associated with different levels of labour market outcomes and realising different labour market outcomes within each pattern. Results suggest that labour market outcomes depend on which legal patterns migrants end up with instead of what they realise within each pattern. Particularly, migrants with more human capital and better social capital select into legal patterns associated with better labour market outcomes, but they do not realise better labour market outcomes given the legal patterns they experienced. From the dynamic perspective, the economic integration of migrants depends on legal patterns. Migrants in legal patterns that initiate with temporary resident status experience economic integration over time. The growth rate is larger for the patterns that involve a transition in legal status. This paper makes important contributions to the literature. First, it identifies holistic legal patterns that account for the legal status over migrants' entire migration history. Second, it sheds light on the selection into different legal patterns and highlights selection as the major process in explaining migrants' labour market outcomes. Third, it shows how legal patterns, jointly shaped by initial legal status and legal transition, determine migrants' economic integration. Finally, the inclusion of temporary resident status, beyond the illegal–legal dichotomy, enriches our understanding of how liminal legality over the lifetime of migration shapes labour market outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. PASSPORT CONFISCATIONS AT THE AMERICAN EMBASSY IN YEMEN: HOW THEY HOLD UP UNDER THE ICCPR.
- Author
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BUSTOS, PHILLIP
- Subjects
PASSPORTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,LOSS of citizenship ,INTERNATIONAL Covenant on Civil & Political Rights (1966) ,IDENTITY theft ,FREEDOM of movement - Abstract
Since the passport gained popularity as a travel requirement after World War 11, governments have become increasingly aware of their usefulness as a tool for controlling immigration, emigration, and even proxy-denaturalization of citizens. The United States is no exception to this phenomenon. While much has been written about the legality of the United States' use of passport controls under domestic law, their legality under international law, and more specifically the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights' provisions on the freedom of movement, has received little to no treatment by scholarly literature. This paper seeks to analyze specific instances which occurred from 2012-14 at the U.S. Embassy in Yemen in which the State Department confiscated the passports of U.S. citizens based on what turned out to be baseless suspicions of identity fraud. These actions are then analyzed within the context of Article 12 of the ICCPR, to which the United States is a party, to determine that the confiscations likely violated the United States' international legal obligations. Finally, recommendations are set forth regarding how State Department procedures could be altered in order to comply with Article 12's requirements, as well as what action other international actors may need to take to encourage such alterations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
17. An Assessment of MSW Social Work Curricula: Semester-Long Courses Specifically Related to Immigrants and Immigration.
- Author
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Evans, Kerri, Figuereo, Victor, Rosales, Robert, Woo, Bongki, and Perez-Aponte, Jaime
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL services , *IMMIGRANTS , *SOCIAL workers , *EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Social workers are well positioned to meet the needs of the immigrant population in the United States (U.S.) and social workers across all fields and specializations should both feel competent and have the appropriate skills to work with immigrant clients. In this paper, we provide context around the immigrant population in the U.S. and discuss social work's role in helping immigrants, and the role of the MSW degree in helping to prepare social workers to work with immigrants. Using publicly available data on MSW school websites, we analyze the prevalence of courses that specifically focus on immigrants or immigration. We found a lack of semester-long immigrant-specific courses in that only 12% of the programs offered these courses. We also noted the geographic clustering of some programs that offer these courses. We propose that schools do one of the following depending on their current course offerings, faculty expertise, and other resources: ensuring that basic content and case examples about immigrants are included in foundational social work courses, and when feasible or appropriate create elective courses, or create a concentration for those wishing to specialize in social work practice with immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The Influence of Country of Origin in the Process of Party Identification Acquisition.
- Author
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Castro Irizarry, Giovanni
- Subjects
- *
COUNTRY of origin (Immigrants) , *HISPANIC Americans , *EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Thousands of Latin Americans migrate to the United States every year. This article seeks to understand how immigrants' premigration political experiences influence the acquisition of party identification upon arrival in the United States. This research proposes that premigration political experiences influence the acquisition of party identification among Latino immigrants in the United States. Utilizing data from the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS) and Proyecto Élites Parlamentarias Latinoamericanas (Latin American Parliamentary Elites Project), this paper analyzes how the ideology of the government in power in the immigrants' country of origin influences party identification among Latino immigrants in the United States. Employing multinomial regression analysis, I demonstrate that the ideology of governments in power in Latin American countries when Latinos migrate influences the party identification of those immigrants in the United States. The results of this study contribute to the conversations on premigration experiences and challenge the applicability of classical theories of party identification for immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Korean Immigrant Fathers' Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Their Parenting Involvement.
- Author
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Choi, Kyung-Mee, Kim, Caleb, and Jones, Brady
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,ACCULTURATION ,FAMILY conflict ,FATHERS' attitudes ,INTERVIEWING ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,PARENTING education ,CULTURAL competence ,PARENTING ,SOCIAL theory ,FAMILY relations ,CHURCH buildings ,FATHER-child relationship ,EXPERIENCE ,RESEARCH methodology ,RELIGION ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,SELF-perception ,INTERGENERATIONAL relations - Abstract
This paper examines Korean immigrant fathers' lived experiences of their parenting involvement by using interpretative phenomenological analysis of seven participants who were recruited through Korean ethnic churches in a Midwestern city. In semi-structured interviews, we explored five main areas affecting Korean immigrant fathers' perceptions and attitudes toward parenting involvement and found the following issues to be especially salient for participants: limited acculturation progress, economic difficulties, low self-esteem, experiences of intergenerational conflict, and involvement in religious faith and church activities. This study contributes to the field's understanding of Korean immigrant fathers' perceptions of intergenerational and intercultural conflicts when raising their Americanized children and underlines for mental health providers the importance of providing culturally competent parenting education on the topic of positive fathering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Transborder pedagogies of the home in contexts of forced repatriation.
- Author
-
Gallo, Sarah
- Subjects
ETHNOLOGY ,FAMILIES ,PARENTS ,AMERICAN children ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,CAREGIVERS - Abstract
Drawing from an ethnographic study with families who relocated from the United States to Mexico, I explore what I call parents' transborder pedagogies of the home, or the home-based educational practices that adults with experiences across transnational institutions draw upon to prepare their children for life and learning on both sides of the border. I argue it is important to understand parents of forced repatriation as transborder thinkers who draw upon a range of transnational knowledges that push against mononational expectations to educate their children and make challenging schooling decisions. Findings illustrate how caregivers and children may vary in their alignment regarding these decisions, especially when U.S.-born children's return to the United States for schooling would entail new arrangements of family separation due to the lack of authorised pathways for their parents' return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Embedding Remittances: A Methodological Note on Financial Diaries in Nicaragua.
- Author
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Winters, Nanneke
- Subjects
REMITTANCES ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,HOUSEHOLDS ,DEBT ,TRACKING & trailing - Abstract
In response to the methodological challenge of embedding remittances to counter dominant development discourses, this paper aims to contribute to remittances research by discussing financial diaries in Muy Muy, Nicaragua. Based on longitudinal and integrated quantitative and qualitative tracking of migrant household practices, financial diaries facilitate explorations of the social and contextual dimensions of remittances that may help account for their heterogeneous character. In particular, the paper highlights the partiality of diaries as well as the translocal interdependency and irregularity of household practices, providing clues for integrating remittances instead of isolating them as neutral instrumental transfers. It uses the example of household debt to further anchor remittances locally, illustrating how financial diaries can expose the changes and considerations that are part of household practices, including remittances. The paper concludes by suggesting that financial diaries need a decisively qualitative framework and may be particularly useful in contexts characterised by multiple migrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. A Comparative Study of the African Diasporas' Contribution to the Development of and Their Integration in the US and the UK.
- Author
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Adesote, Samson Adesola
- Subjects
AFRICAN diaspora ,SOCIAL integration ,AFRICANS ,GLOBALIZATION ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,WORLD citizenship - Abstract
There is no doubt that Africans have contributed immensely to the development of modern society. One remarkable attribute of global institutional landscape is the presence of Africans all over the world. Indeed, the roots of their spread lies in two historically distinct movements, that is, either involuntary (old Diaspora) or voluntary (new Diaspora). This has resulted in what is increasingly referred to as a global Africa. The major thrust of this paper is to critically examine the contributions of African Diaspora, with special focus on the new Diaspora in connection with the development in their host countries in the areas of politics and administration, economic and sociocultural aspects, education, medicine and information technology, among others. The new era of globalization is characterized by dynamic interaction, linking more countries and more people together than ever before. This development and the diversities of historical factors of new migration motivated Africans to migrate and settle in the US and the UK. The current reality that people are more transnational today than ever before is hinged on the fact that successful sustainable development and integration in the countries of study depend on human capital. The paper, therefore, concludes that the contemporary migration of Africans into the Diaspora has resulted in the development of their host countries and this has equally promoted their integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
23. The Changing Age Distribution of the United States.
- Author
-
Preston, Samuel H. and Vierboom, Yana C.
- Subjects
AGE distribution ,BIRTH rate ,REPRODUCTIVE history ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,POPULATION aging - Abstract
The age distribution of a population is a product of a century of demographic history. This paper describes how the history of births, deaths, and migrations has fashioned the US age distribution in 2018. It also shows how that history, combined with contemporary processes, was actively producing changes in the age distribution between 2013 and 2018. Changes in survivorship, migration, and births all contributed to population aging during this period, with a declining growth rate of births the leading contributor. Using a novel approach, the paper demonstrates how the inertia reflected in changing age distributions sheds light on the future population of the United States. Massive growth in the population above age 70 will occur by 2033 if recent age patterns of age‐specific mortality and migration are maintained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. MIGRATION BETWEEN LATIN AMERICA AND THE UNITED STATES IN 2015-2018. DIFFERENCES IN IMMIGRATION POLICIES BETWEEN THE OBAMA AND TRUMP ADMINISTRATIONS.
- Author
-
PUIU, Stefanita
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION policy ,PRESIDENTIAL administrations ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The discussion about immigration to the United States of America was avast and complex topic that has been extended over a period of more than two centuries. The view about immigration changed through the passing of time, however, in recent times it was a product of two very different ideals expressed between 2015 and 2018. This subject is extremely relevant because it comprises millions of lives that could have suffered a significant change due to the constantly shifting policies. This paper aims to analyse the socio-political changes that have been generated by the creation and modification of immigration-related bills in the short, yet relevant period which comprises three years. The conclusions that have surfaced from this research are that the immigration policies were focused on stabilising the statute of immigrants before the Trump Administration. This administration modified them so to have a nationalist approach. It is important to state the negative impact that the immigration policies had upon the development of society because most recently the same bills that should create a stronger society have managed to divide it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Work and occupational profile of Eastern African immigrants in the United States: a historical overview.
- Author
-
Woldeab, Daniel, Yawson, Robert, and Woldeab, Irina
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,REFUGEES ,IMMIGRANTS ,PERSONNEL management ,ACCULTURATION - Abstract
This paper discusses the trends and patterns of emigration from Eastern Africa, otherwise known as the Horn of Africa. In particular, the paper focuses on the countries that collectively account for most African immigrants to the United States (US), namely Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, and Somalia. Using a review of literature, the paper provides some explanation of the history of immigration from East Africa to the US, and an examination and discussion of the root causes, the trends, and patterns resulting in refugees and immigration to the country. An explanation of the causes for this is offered by drawing connections to the work and occupational profiles of these immigrants, once they are in the US, within a historical context. This historical perspective analysis paves the way for more research on immigration and HRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Immigrant retention in NB: an analysis using administrative Medicare Registry data.
- Author
-
McDonald, James Ted, Cruickshank, Brent, and Liu, Zikuan
- Subjects
MEDICAL care ,IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,DATA analysis - Abstract
This paper examines immigrant retention using a novel approach based on data contained in New Brunswick's Medicare Registry database. To date, researchers studying immigrant retention in Canada have had only a few options with regard to suitable data, and each data source is characterized by limitations intrinsic to the nature of the data collection. These in turn raise caveats about the conclusions that can be drawn from analysis of those datasets. By demonstrating the utility and feasibility of another data source that to our knowledge has not previously been used for such a purpose, we are able to add new results to the existing literature, thereby improving our understanding of the extent of and characteristics underpinning immigrant retention in the host region as well as assess the robustness of published results based on data from other sources. The main objective of the paper is to improve the current understanding of secondary migration patterns of New Brunswick residents with the objective of increasing retention rates among vulnerable populations such as immigrants and refugees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Comments and Discussion.
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,MATHEMATICAL models ,FOREIGN students - Abstract
The article presents comments on the paper "Global Wage Differences and International Student Flows," by Mark Rosenzweig, published in this issue. Douglas A. Irwin commends for developing two simple models to analyze student migration from developing countries to developed countries. Jeffrey G. Williamson praises the paper, but notes that Rosenzweig's migration analysis omitted variables. Susan Collins points out that student migrants who did not stay in the U.S. settle in a third country.
- Published
- 2007
28. 'Swallow medicine, eat rice, pray about health': health, health care and health-seeking experiences of South-East Asian older refugees.
- Author
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Kelley, Amber N., Seponski, Desiree M., and Lewis, Denise C.
- Subjects
- *
FOOD habits , *SPIRITUALITY , *PSYCHOLOGY of refugees , *RESEARCH methodology , *HELP-seeking behavior , *HEALTH status indicators , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *INTERVIEWING , *EXPERIENCE , *REFUGEES , *HEALTH attitudes , *DRUGS , *PATIENT compliance , *THEMATIC analysis , *OLD age - Abstract
South-East Asian refugees have lived in the United States of America for nearly four decades, with early refugee immigrants experiencing ageing and later life within the refugee context. As refugees age, health concerns of this older population grow, highlighting the need for ongoing assessment of refugee health and health-seeking behaviours. This study builds on previous literature that assessed the health and health-seeking patterns of South-East Asian refugees in the early years following resettlement, exploring how health and health-seeking is understood among older refugees 40 years after immigration. This paper includes a subset of 37 older refugees from a larger, community-based participatory, mixed-methods intergenerational study of Cambodian and Laotian refugee families conducted over four years (quantitative N = 433; qualitative N = 183). Thematic analysis of 34 semi-structured interviews with these older refugees in coastal Alabama revealed trends in health and health-seeking practices. Older refugees reported high rates of diabetes and hypertension within their generational cohort, and indicated a shift in health-seeking behaviours, whereby Western biomedicine is sought first for such chronic concerns, followed by traditional medicines for mild ailments such as headaches or colds. Older refugees underscored barriers of language, finances and transportation as limiting access to Western health care. Implications for engaging in community health practices and incorporating services to specifically meet the needs of the ageing refugee population are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Skilled Immigrants, Firms, and the Global Geography of Innovation.
- Author
-
Glennon, Britta
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,IMMIGRATION policy ,GEOGRAPHY ,GOVERNMENT policy ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
This article begins with an overview of the policy environment in the United States and abroad for skilled immigration, with a particular focus on "supply-driven" versus "demand-driven" systems. The overview emphasizes that firms play a central role in the skilled immigration process in most countries. I then survey the ample evidence that skilled immigrants have a strong positive effect on firm outcomes, followed by a discussion of the many margins of adjustment that firms have when their access to skilled immigrants is affected by national immigration policy. Finally, given such margins of adjustment and the importance of skilled immigrants to firms, I consider how the policies that affect skilled migration shape the global geography and quality of innovation. I conclude by discussing policy implications and open questions. In particular, I emphasize that evaluations of the impact of skilled immigration should not be constrained within borders: immigration flows and national immigration policies affect the global geography of innovation and investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The AALA, and the emergence of Asian American Studies in Japan.
- Author
-
Hihara, Mie
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,ASIAN American studies ,AMERICAN literature ,JAPANESE Americans ,AMERICAN studies ,UNITED States literatures - Abstract
This article sets forth the history of the academic activities of the Asian American Literature Association (AALA) in order to explore the evolution of Asian American Studies in Japan. When the AALA was established in 1989, several scholars had already published research papers on Asian American literature, as had researchers involved energetically in the study of Japanese immigrants and Japanese Americans. Around the time when AALA was established, other research groups focusing on immigration studies were formed. In 1993, several members of the AALA presented their papers at the annual meetings of other associations and, as a result, the activities of the AALA became known to a wider academic community. In 1994, the AALA published its first annual journal and, around 1995, the number of papers on Asian American literature and culture accepted by authoritative journals in Japan began to increase. By the end of the 1990s, Asian American studies made its presence conspicuous in the field of American studies in Japan. Since the turn of the century, a growing number of Asian Americanists in Japan have become engaged in interdisciplinary studies, thus providing new perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. IRELAND AND THE BIRTH OF THE IRISH-AMERICAN PRESS, 1842-61.
- Author
-
McMahon, Cian
- Subjects
ESSAYS ,IRISH Americans ,IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,IRISH American newspapers ,IRISH newspapers ,SOCIAL conditions in the United States, to 1865 - Abstract
An essay on the birth of the Irish-American press in the U.S. between 1842-1861 is presented. It traces the trans-Atlantic conversations, economies and political debates that shaped the Irish-American press in the mid-nineteenth century. An overview of newspapers and magazines addressing the immigrant communities of the U.S. is also given, highlighting the central questions raised in them on the contextual nature of immigrants as a social category.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Furthering the Balch Institute Legacy: Eastern European-Related Collections at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
- Author
-
Lyons, Matthew N. and Kaminski, Gwendolyn
- Subjects
RESEARCH libraries ,ACADEMIC libraries ,LIBRARIES & state ,LIBRARIES & immigrants ,VERTICAL files (Libraries) ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,POPULATION geography ,ASSIMILATION (Sociology) ,ETHNIC studies - Abstract
The Historical Society of Pennsylvania (HSP), one of the United States' largest independent research libraries, contains extensive manuscript collections documenting the history of eastern European immigrants and their descendants. Collections on the history of Slovak, Polish, Jewish, Lithuanian, and Russian ethnic groups are especially strong. These holdings were acquired from the Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies, which merged with HSP in 2002, as well as from post-merger collecting that has continued the Balch Institute's work in documenting, interpreting, and celebrating the United States' diverse ethnic and immigrant heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Counter-mapping migration: irregular migrants’ stories through cognitive mapping.
- Author
-
Campos-Delgado, Amalia
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,COGNITIVE maps (Psychology) ,SOCIAL mobility ,IMMIGRANTS - Abstract
Map-making has played a crucial role in the politics of bordering and ordering. Irregular migrants challenge these politics of confinement on a regular basis; despite this, or perhaps precisely because of it, their stories are hidden in state-centric discourses. Through a counter-mapping approach, this paper focuses on our understanding of how irregular migrants experience their journey. Specifically, an analysis of cognitive maps created by Central American irregular migrants in transit through Mexico on their journey to the US is presented. The strength of this approach is that it highlights the scenarios and practices veiled by the macronarratives of the securitisation of migration. At the same time, it underscores the fact that for irregular transmigrants border control is widespread through their entire journey, thus challenging the border’s notion of fixity. This paper aims to contribute to methodologies used in the study of mobilities and to the broader understanding of how bordering processes are lived and defied by migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Acculturation of Halal Food to the American Food Culture through Immigration and Globalization: A Literature Review.
- Author
-
Halawa, Abdelhadi
- Subjects
HALAL food ,FOOD industry ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,GLOBALIZATION ,LOW-income countries - Abstract
The purpose of this review of literature study is to examine the acculturation process of halal food to the American food culture. Further, is to determine the effects the acculturation of halal food on the consumer and food economy in the U.S. and globally. Irrespective of where a Muslim resides or travels to, consuming halal food is an obligatory religious dietary requirement for all Muslims worldwide. According to recent census estimates, there are nearly 3.3 million Muslims living in the U.S. This number represents nearly 1% of the total U.S. population. By 2050, this number will more than double. The U.S. is considered a melting pot of a mélange of many ethnic groups and is one of the most culturally and ethnically diverse countries in the world. Through both Muslims immigration to the U.S. and trade globalization, halal food was introduced to the American food culture. Migrant Muslims have not brought only their Islamic religious traditions to the U.S., but also their traditional halal food preparation, including butchering of animals for consumption, their distinct cooking styles, and other Islamic dietary practices. This paper offers an analysis of the process of acculturation and the transition of halal food products to both the Muslim and non- Muslim American consumers. This paper further examines the impact of the burgeoning halal food economy on the U.S. food industry and its share of the growing global halal food economy. There is a need for further research to study the long-term socioeconomic and environmental sustainability impact on the growing the global Muslim populations living in low-income counties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Immigration: The "Illegal Alien" Problem.
- Author
-
Thomas, Nina
- Subjects
UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The present paper explores the "immigration crisis" both in the United States and in countries around the world. Consideration is given to what is typically absent in public discourse—that is, that immigration is inflected with race, class, ethnicity, religion, and language. Drawing on the work of several leading scholars in philosophy and linguistics, with particular attention to how metaphor shapes thinking, the "immigration problem" is unpacked to examine the issues embedded within its characterization as a "crisis" and for whom that might be so. Examined as well are the larger sociopolitical issues beyond the worldwide public outcry about securing borders. The paper rests analysis of both how the immigrant "other" is characterized and the larger sociopsychological significance of that characterization within the idea of the social unconscious. Finally, the paper explores the role of the group analyst as "citizen therapist" in expanding empathic engagement among groups affected by the huge migration flows. Included are recommendations for the role the group analyst may play in addressing the issue of immigration in our groups and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. From Mugshots to Masterpieces: Identities Revealed Through Immigration Portraits of the Chinese Exclusion Era.
- Author
-
Yee, Matthew J.
- Subjects
CHINESE people ,PORTRAITS ,SOCIAL conflict ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,IMMIGRATION law - Abstract
The ratification of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 ignited an era of fraught social tension in the United States. With strides in photographic technology occurring alongside ever-increasing restrictions on immigration laws, Chinese immigrants found themselves subjugated under new policies of enforced portraiture. At the time, they were the only immigrant group in the United States required to maintain identifying documents with headshots for verification. In this paper, I present an analysis of the power dynamics behind such photographs using an autoethnographic approach. I argue that Chinese immigrants purposely modified their portraits to reflect American measures of respectability; by doing so, they successfully challenged the authenticity of their enforced documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
37. The Effects of Immigration on the U.S. Economy.
- Author
-
Morales-Tilgren, Jovana, Yuan-Yuan Lee, and Cummins, Ryan
- Subjects
FOREIGN investments ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,JOB vacancies ,BIRTHPLACES - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Policy & Complex Systems is the property of Policy Studies Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Gender Structure Which Causes Immigration: Postwar Immigrant Japanese Women and Gender Discrimination in Japan.
- Author
-
Yuko Nakanishi
- Subjects
SEX discrimination ,WOMEN immigrants ,JAPANESE women ,GENDER ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Introducing gender perspective into international migration studies has been considered very important since the end of the 20th century. However, there is not much discussion on how the gender structure of home country causes immigrants' international migration. Classical studies on international migration have revealed that economic and political disparity between home country and host country causes international migration. In this paper, the author clarifies that the disparity of gender structure between two countries may motivate women's international migration. This study focuses on women who moved to the United States from postwar Japan. The proportion of women in the Japanese people who immigrate to the United States far exceeds the national average. The characteristic of Japanese female immigrants is that there are few women who migrated to the US with their families. Many have migrated alone. In this paper, the author will analyze the interview data for the Japanese female immigrants who live in single metropolitan areas in the West Coast of the United States. The author analyzes the data of 15 women who have migrated to the United States alone, collected by the interview research held from 2011 to 2014. Many Japanese informants in the study reported resistance to gender structure in Japanese society. In any case, it is clear that "gender structure" difference between the home country and the host country becomes an important factor which cause women's international migration. As classical studies on immigration shows that economic and political gap between the home country and the host country causes international migration, this paper disclosed that the disparity of gender structure between two countries may motivate women's international migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
39. Urban and Transnational Politics in America: Novus Ordo Seclorum?
- Author
-
Cano, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
MUNICIPAL government , *CITIES & towns , *IMMIGRANTS , *MEXICANS , *EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
To what extent American cities are evolving towards a model in which their government is (or is not) adapting its structure to their growing Mexican immigrant population? What are the main factors for such transformation to take place? What is the role of the Mexican government in the process? This paper addresses these questions from two different perspectives, one local, and one transnational. From a local perspective, the paper addresses the government structure of the 14 most populated cities by Mexican immigrants. From a transnational perspective, the questions are addressed through the consideration of three stances: The use and acceptance of the Mexican Consular ID (MatrÃcula Consular) in an urban setting; the outreach activities of the Institute of Mexicans Abroad; and the motivations of the Mexican state governments in contacting directly U.S. local authorities regarding immigrant issues. Research for this paper suggests that some governments of American cities already count with (or have started a) structural transformation to address directly their immigrants? issues. The most important factors that lead to the creation of these offices are a strong and growing presence of foreign born population, high levels of community-based organization among immigrants, and the interaction of these organizations with some level of local government, like the Office of the Mayor or the City Council. Regarding the role of the Mexican government in the process, the interaction between different levels of Mexican government and local governments in the United States leads to the empowerment of the host society as a whole and, in particular, to the empowerment of the immigrant community. An important conclusion of this work is that the interaction between local and transnational politics explains different levels of empowerment of the home community in the host society. From a theoretical standpoint, this paper emphasizes the importance of incorporating research work on transnational politics into the mainstream research body of urban politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Asymmetrical Opinion Structures and Attitudes toward Immigration in Canada.
- Author
-
Fortin, Jessica and Loewen, Peter John
- Subjects
- *
PUBLIC opinion , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *REFORMS - Abstract
This paper examines public opinion towards the restriction or expansion of immigration in Canada, using data from the 2000 Canadian Election Study (CES). The paper is largely modeled on Citrin, et al (1997)’s "Public Opinion Towards Immigration Reform: The Role of Economic Motivations," although we make a methodological improvement that increases both the confidence of our results and our understanding of what drives not only opposition to immigration, but also for more immigration. In addition, we find that the variables explaining restrictionist opinions in the United States do not hold cross-nationally. Our methodological improvement is simple. Rather than using an ordered probit, we choose to use a multinomial logit. Because our three choices are exhaustive, we do not have to consider the irrelevance of independent alternatives. Thus, we can harness the principal advantage of the multinomial logit; namely, the independent measurement of the effect of each variable on each outcome. The model we use includes approximately 1200 respondents. Our initial results find that both personal and national economic evaluations are the principal factors causing opposition to immigration. This last significant result contradicts the American findings of Citrin et al. according to which personal economic circumstances play little role in opinion formation. In addition to challenging their main finding in regards to restriction, we generate a number of new findings on the factors influencing support for increased immigration. Most importantly, we demonstrate that these factors are not entirely symmetrical with the factors influencing support for decrease in immigration levels. Indeed, we find that national economic evaluations have much effect on support for decreased immigration, whereas it does not bear on support for increased immigration. Therefore our results demonstrate the value of employing a multinomial logit instead of an ordered probit in understanding public opinion towards immigration expansion or restriction. Moreover, the differences in significance of predictor variables between support for increase and decrease demonstrates that there can be various simultaneous processes at work in opinion formation on a single issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Identifying and Incorporating Latino Leadership through Formal Bureuacratic Processes in the New Latino Destinations.
- Author
-
Brenner, Christine Thurlow
- Subjects
- *
HISPANIC Americans , *LOCAL government , *LIFESTYLES , *SOCIAL networks , *EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
This paper examines the ways local governments accommodate Latinos in the new Latino destinations, as identified by Pew Hispanic Center and Brookings Institute, throughout the United States. The paper begins by examining the context of incorporation research, focusing on some of the broader individual issues such as the emergence of transnational lifestyles, the importance of social and economic networks and the impact of immigration on the lives of the children of immigrants. This is followed by a description of the research methods for collecting information about new Latino community local governments. The data regarding formal incorporation of Latinos in elected and appointed positions is then presented. The discussion of findings then centers on the various accommodation approaches embraced by these local governments. The paper concludes with the recognition that while formal incorporation of Latinos into the political process is limited, efforts by local governments demonstrate the desire, for the most part, to accommodate their nuevos residentes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Organizing Immigrant Communities in American Cities: Is this Transnationalism or What?
- Author
-
Cano, Gustavo and Huerta, Claudia
- Subjects
- *
TRANSNATIONALISM , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *SOCIAL scientists , *SOCIAL sciences , *IMMIGRANTS , *MEXICAN Americans - Abstract
The term transnationalism is now commonly used by a growing cluster of social scientists. However, some authors state that the term is practically useless: it tries to explain everything, and it ends up explaining nothing new, or even worst, its regular users seem not to agree on the definition of the term, and the debates that it generates generally takes social scientists nowhere. The proposed paper deals with this situation from two perspectives. Firstly, we point out the theoretical problems that transnationalism presents as an interdisciplinary concept. We expose the use of the term in several disciplines (political science, sociology, law, economy, migration studies, and anthropology), and emphasize how these disciplines generate different theoretical considerations. Then, we expose how each discipline has dealt with different units of analysis while attempting to build a solid theoretical background, focusing mainly on the individual, the family, organizations, the society, the economy, the polity, cultural practices, and the state. Finally, we argue that the use of the term transnationalism has been transformed to a point in which is practically impossible to sustain the broader sense of the term beyond its generic roots. Terms like political transnationalism, anthropological transnationalism, sociological transnationalism, etc., form a more feasible working frame if the term is to prevail in the neighborhood. Secondly, from an empirical perspective, we develop an analysis of political transnationalism based on the Mexican immigrant experience in American cities. We focus on an organizational analysis of transnational politics, and lay emphasis on the role of the Mexican and American states in the process. In the analysis, we underline several factors that characterize the analysis within a political transnational framework, like: (1) addressing the elite formation among immigrants in the process, (2) the agenda setting process, and (3) underlining the effect that non-electoral politics exert on electoral politics, mostly at local and state levels, within a framework of political mobilization of a immigrant community in an urban setting. Data for this paper was obtained from in-situ historical research, analysis of secondary sources, and more than 50 interviews that took place mostly in Houston and Chicago, between February and July 2002. Interviewees include leaders, activists, organizers, chairmen, and priests within a wide range of organizational backgrounds: community-based organizations, service providers, unions, church-based organizations, chambers of commerce, civic associations, and Mexican state federations. Immigration scholars, officials from the Mexican Consulate and city officials in both cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Assessing Migration Reform in the ‘Smart Border’ Security Environment.
- Author
-
Ackleson, Jason
- Subjects
- *
EMIGRATION & immigration , *REGULATORY reform , *TERRORISM , *FREE trade , *UNDOCUMENTED immigrants - Abstract
This paper examines the interplay between migration flows, policy reform, and the new ?Smart Borders? regulatory regime initiated by the United States to police its frontier with Mexico. Progress on regularizing certain undocumented migration flows appeared to be a possibility in the initial year of the Fox and Bush administrations. The events of September 11th, 2001 and the subsequent focus on terrorism across U.S. borders altered the political equation on migration and other bilateral issues in favor of technologically-oriented border control systems designed to facilitate free trade but at the same time screen out terrorists, weapons of mass destruction, illicit drugs, and undocumented migrants. On January 7, 2004, President Bush revived hopes for a bi-national migration accord by announcing a new guest worker proposal. Based on policy analysis, the paper will explore the Smart Border program and the extent migration is implicated in it; it will also assess the possibility of real reform in this area given the new international security environment. Finally, it briefly examines the impact of all this on concepts of state sovereignty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
44. Migration as a Vector of Economic Losses from Disaster-Affected Areas in the United States.
- Author
-
DeWaard, Jack, Fussell, Elizabeth, Curtis, Katherine J., Whitaker, Stephan D., McConnell, Kathryn, Price, Kobie, Castro, Catalina Anampa, and Soto, Michael
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,EXTREME weather ,NATURAL disasters ,CONSUMER credit - Abstract
In this paper, we infuse consideration of migration into research on economic losses from extreme weather disasters. Taking a comparative case study approach and using data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York/Equifax Consumer Credit Panel, we document the size of economic losses via migration from 23 disaster-affected areas in the United States after the most damaging hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires on record. We then employ demographic standardization and decomposition to determine if these losses primarily reflect changes in outmigration or changes in the economic resources that migrants take with them (greater economic losses per migrant). Finally, we consider the implications of these losses for changing spatial inequality in the United States. While disaster-affected areas and those living in them differ in their experiences of and responses to extreme weather disasters, we generally find that, relative to the year before an extreme weather disaster, economic losses via migration from disasteraffected areas increase the year of and after the disaster, that these changes primarily reflect changes in out-migration (vs. the economic resources that migrants take with them), and that these losses briefly disrupt the status quo by temporarily reducing spatial inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. EDITORIAL COMMENTS.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,ELECTIONS ,GLOBALIZATION ,ECONOMIC globalization ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article presents an editorial where the author discusses the economic implications of the elections in various countries in the European Union and also on the economic development in the U.S. and the European Union and the failure of globalization and the reasons for the failure and the migration policies.
- Published
- 2017
46. Comment and Discussion.
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,SOCIAL institutions ,EQUALITY - Abstract
The article presents comments on the paper "What Is Wrong With Plan B? International Migration As an Alternative to Development Assistance," by Devesh Kapur and John McHale, published in this issue. Gary Burtless states that the adoption of barrier-free migration from poor countries to rich country depends on voters on rich countries. Beth Anne Wilson points out that a system should be established to inform migrants about U.S. institutions. Johannes Linn raises the issue of equality.
- Published
- 2007
47. IMMIGRATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS: CAN HIGH IMMIGRANT FERTILITY EXPLAIN VOTER SUPPORT FOR IMMIGRATION?
- Author
-
Bohn, Henning and Lopez-Velasco, Armando R.
- Subjects
FERTILITY ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,SAVINGS ,WAGE decreases - Abstract
First generation immigrants to the United States have higher fertility rates than natives. This paper analyzes to what extent this factor provides political support for immigration, using an overlapping generation model with production and capital accumulation. In this setting, immigration represents a dynamic trade-off for native workers as more immigrants decrease current wages but increase the future return on their savings. We find that immigrant fertility has surprisingly strong effects on voter incentives, especially when there is persistence in the political process. If fertility rates are sufficiently high, native workers support immigration. Persistence, either due to inertia induced by frictions in the legal system or through expectational linkages, significantly magnifies the effects. Entry of immigrants with high fertility has redistributive impacts across generations similar to pay-as-you-go social security: initial generations are net winners, whereas later generations are net losers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Working Within the Aspiring Center: Professional Status and Mobilities Among Migrant Faculty in Singapore.
- Author
-
Ortiga, Yasmin Y., Chou, Meng-Hsuan, Wang, Jue, and Sondhi, Gunjan
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,SCHOLARS ,EDUCATION ,PARENTS ,SOCIAL mobility - Abstract
This paper investigates the migration of Asia-born academics from traditional centers in the West to Singapore, a rapidly developing education hub in Southeast Asia. We argue that such movement can be seen as a form of quasi-return, where migrant faculty look for places where they can be "close enough" to aging parents and family, while working in an institution that is "good enough" to continue research work. This position leads to conflicting notions of social mobility, when defined in terms of professional prestige and status. While interviewees perceived their move to Singapore as a form of upward mobility when compared to colleagues within their home countries, they simultaneously worried about their downward mobility compared to peers who had remained in the West. Such perceptions shape their decision to leave Singapore in the future, reinforcing current university hierarchies, where institutions in the USA and Europe continue to dominate notions of academic prestige. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Journal of African Business – Special Issue on the Diaspora.
- Author
-
Lituchy, Terri R.
- Subjects
AFRICAN diaspora ,INDUSTRIAL management ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,IMMIGRANTS ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Experiences of Karen refugees with traditional and western medicine in the USA.
- Author
-
Wodniak, Natalie R.
- Subjects
MEDICINE ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HEALTH status indicators ,INTERVIEWING ,PATIENT satisfaction ,PSYCHOLOGY of refugees ,TRADITIONAL medicine - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to further understand the medical experiences of Karen refugees who have been resettled to the USA. It examines the use of traditional medicine throughout the transition from Burma to the USA, as well as refugees’ experiences in the American healthcare system. This study aims to identify shortcomings in refugees’ access to preferred methods of healthcare.Design/methodology/approach Interviews were conducted with 39 Karen refugees in 3 US cities with large populations of refugees from Burma – Fort Wayne, Indiana; Amarillo, Texas; and Buffalo, New York. Participants were asked questions about their healthcare experiences in Burma and the USA, their use of traditional medicine in both countries and their satisfaction with medical care in the USA.Findings Nearly all interviewees reported using traditional medicine in Burma, but only six felt able to continue to use traditional methods in the USA. Most participants had positive experiences with healthcare in America, but 15 expressed dissatisfaction with obtaining health insurance and confusion over its coverage. Findings also indicate that refugees do not feel that traditional practices are accepted in the USA.Research limitations/implications Due to the language barrier, a phone interpreter was used for non-English-speaking participants, which may have affected proper understanding or clarity of answers.Practical implications This study brings to attention the need to improve refugee healthcare by encouraging traditional practices and assisting refugees with obtaining health insurance.Originality/value This paper identifies the importance of analyzing the accessibility of various forms of healthcare, including traditional medicine, to refugees in the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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