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1. Baikal-GVD Experiment

Author

M.N. Sorokovikov, A. N. Dyachok, R. Dvornicky, B. A. Shaibonov, E.N. Pliskovsky, K.V. Golubkov, Z. Bardačová, E. Eckerová, Olga Suvorova, A. A. Doroshenko, D. P. Petukhov, A. V. Skurikhin, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, G.B. Safronov, T.I. Gres, Fedor Šimkovic, A. I. Panfilov, G.V. Domogatsky, O.G. Kebkal, A.D. Avrorin, M.I. Rozanov, V.B. Brudanin, M. K. Krjukov, E.V. Khramov, V. Ya. Dik, A.G. Solovjev, A.V. Avrorin, I. Stekl, R. Ivanov, V.A. Tabolenko, Lukas Fajt, A.V. Korobchenko, Mark Shelepov, R. R. Mirgazov, V. Nazari, I. A. Belolaptikov, D. N. Zaborov, A.P. Koshechkin, M.M. Kolbin, Konstantin Kebkal, Dmitry V. Naumov, K. V. Konishev, V.D. Rushay, V.M. Aynutdinov, N.S. Gorshkov, B. A. Taraschansky, Aleksandr Gafarov, M.B. Milenin, V.F. Kulepov, V. A. Kozhin, M. S. Katulin, R. Bannasch, S. A. Yakovlyev, S.V. Fialkovsky, E. O. Sushenok, Evgenii V Rjabov, N. M. Budnev, and M.V. Kruglov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Phase (waves), Scale (descriptive set theory), 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Effective volume
Abstract

Baikal-GVD is a deep-underwater neutrino detector of cubic-kilometer scale. It is designed to detect astrophysical neutrinos up to multi-PeV energies and beyond. The deployment of this facility began in spring 2015. Since April 2020, the detector includes seven clusters, each consisting of eight strings carrying in total 288 optical modules located at depths of 750 to 1275 m. By the end of the first phase of construction of the detector in 2024, it is planned to deploy 15 clusters, whereby an effective volume of 0.75 km $${}^{3}$$ for detecting high-energy cascades would be reached. The design and status of the Baikal-GVD detector are described in the present article along with selected results of data analysis.

Published
2020

2. Observations of track-like neutrino events with Baikal-GVD

Author

Dmitry Zaborov, V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Zuzana Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, and S.A. Yakovlev

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Track (disk drive), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Monte Carlo method, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Reconstruction algorithm, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector (Baikal-GVD) is a km$^3$-scale neutrino detector currently under construction in Lake Baikal, Russia. The detector currently consists of 2304 optical modules arranged on 64 vertical strings. Further extension of the array is planned for March 2022. The data from the partially complete array have been analyzed using a $\chi^2$-based track reconstruction algorithm. After suppression of the downward-going atmospheric muon background, a flux of upward-going neutrino events is observed, dominated by the atmospheric neutrinos. The observed flux is in good agreement with Monte Carlo predictions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC-2021), 12-23 July 2021

Published
2021

3. Performance of the muon track reconstruction with the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope

Author

Grigory Safronov, V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Zuzana Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Track (disk drive), Monte Carlo method, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Classifier (linguistics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Gradient boosting, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Selection (genetic algorithm)
Abstract

Baikal-GVD is a km$^3$-scale neutrino telescope being constructed in Lake Baikal. Muon and partially tau (anti)neutrino interactions near the detector through the W$^{\pm}$-boson exchange are accompanied by muon tracks. Reconstructed direction of the track is arguably the most precise probe of the neutrino direction attainable in Cerenkov neutrino telescopes. Muon reconstruction techniques adopted by Baikal-GVD are discussed in the present report. Performance of the muon reconstruction is studied using realistic Monte Carlo simulation of the detector. The algorithms are applied to real data from Baikal-GVD and the results are compared with simulations. The performance of the neutrino selection based on a boosted decision tree classifier is discussed., 8 pages, 5 figures. Poster presented at 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), July 12th - 23rd, 2021, Online - Berlin, Germany. PoS(ICRC2021)1080

Published
2021

4. Modeling of GERDA Phase II data

Author

A. Domula, M. Schwarz, Laura Baudis, C. Wiesinger, Paolo Piseri, M. Shirchenko, A. Lazzaro, E. Bossio, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Alessandro Bettini, D. R. Zinatulina, M. Miloradovic, E. V. Demidova, A. V. Veresnikova, A. Chernogorov, R. Hiller, R. Kneißl, S. Belogurov, V. D'Andrea, Stefano Riboldi, V.B. Brudanin, C. Ransom, Igor Nemchenok, M. Schütt, M. Misiaszek, Cinzia Sada, B. Zatschler, Bela Majorovits, C. Macolino, Hardy Simgen, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, C. Vignoli, R. Brugnera, Mikael Hult, D. Borowicz, K. N. Gusev, Jochen Schreiner, L. Pertoldi, F. Fischer, Josef Jochum, N. Rumyantseva, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, V. I. Gurentsov, S. Hemmer, Y. Kermaïdic, J. Janicskó Csáthy, Stefan Schönert, E. Doroshkevich, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. V. Inzhechik, Ivano Lippi, Manfred Lindner, E. Bellotti, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, K. Panas, I. Zhitnikov, V. Bothe, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, A. Zschocke, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, A.-K. Schütz, Marcin Wójcik, V. N. Kornoukhov, M. Fomina, P. Grabmayr, K. Pelczar, N. Di Marco, O.I. Kochetov, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, I. R. Barabanov, A. M. Gangapshev, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, Thomas Kihm, O. Selivanenko, R. Mingazheva, B. Schwingenheuer, M. Junker, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, V. G. Egorov, M. Balata, A. Garfagnini, K. T. Knöpfle, T. Comellato, L. Vanhoefer, Matthias Laubenstein, G. Zuzel, V. V. Kazalov, P. Krause, A. A. Vasenko, Christian Bauer, A. Lubashevskiy, J. Hakenmüller, D. Stukov, Werner Hofmann, F. Salamida, Allen Caldwell, and K. von Sturm

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectrum (functional analysis), Detector, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Order (ring theory), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor detector, ddc, Region of interest, 0103 physical sciences, Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, DOUBLE-BETA DECAY, Sensitivity (control systems), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 76Ge. The technological challenge of Gerda is to operate in a “background-free” regime in the region of interest (ROI) after analysis cuts for the full 100 kg·yr target exposure of the experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI around Qββ for the 0νββ search, to extract a precise measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos (2νββ) and in order to identify the location of residual impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented for Gerda Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI with a background index (BI) of $$ {16.04}_{-0.85}^{+0.78}\cdotp {10}^{-3} $$ 16.04 − 0.85 + 0.78 · 10 − 3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched BEGe data set and $$ {14.68}_{-0.52}^{+0.47}\cdotp {10}^{-3} $$ 14.68 − 0.52 + 0.47 · 10 − 3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Phase I despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware components.

Published
2019

5. Data acquisition system for the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope

Author

R. R. Mirgazov, V. M. Aynutdinov, O. N. Gaponenko, A. A. Doroshenko, Sergey Yakovlev, D.Yu. Bogorodsky, A.V. Korobchenko, B. A. Tarashchansky, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, V.A. Tabolenko, A. V. Skurikhin, V.B. Brudanin, R. Bannasch, A.A. Smagina, S.V. Fialkovsky, K.V. Golubkov, A.D. Avrorin, Zdenek Hons, V. A. Zhukov, G.V. Domogatsky, N. M. Budnev, E.N. Pliskovsky, A.A. Sheifler, I. A. Danilchenko, A. I. Panfilov, D.A. Kuleshov, Valery Zurbanov, O.G. Kebkal, F.K. Koshel, A. N. Dyachok, K.V. Konischev, M.I. Rozanov, T. I. Gress, E. V. Ryabov, Olga Suvorova, L. V. Pankov, A.P. Koshechkin, A.V. Avrorin, B. A. Shaibonov, Aleksandr Gafarov, M.B. Milenin, A. V. Zagorodnikov, V.F. Kulepov, E. A. Osipova, V. A. Kozhin, and V. I. Lyashuk

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Neutrino telescope, Detector, Volume (computing), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Data acquisition, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Digitization, Remote sensing, Data transmission
Abstract

The objective of the Baikal-GVD project is the construction of a km3-scale neutrino telescope in Lake Baikal. The Gigaton Volume Detector consists of a large three-dimensional array of photo-multiplier tubes. The first GVD-cluster has been deployed and commissioned in April 2015. The data acquisition system (DAQ) of the detector takes care of the digitization of the photo-multiplier tube signals, data transmission, filtering and storage. The design and the implementation of the data acquisition system are described.

Published
2016

6. Time calibration of the neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD

Author

K.V. Konischev, I. Shtekl, B.A. Tarashansky, A.D. Avrorin, M.N. Sorokovikov, B. A. Shaibonov, Mark Shelepov, G.B. Safronov, A.V. Avrorin, A. N. Dyachok, D.A. Kuleshov, Rastislav Dvornický, A. A. Doroshenko, G.V. Domogatsky, E.V. Khramov, V.B. Brudanin, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, K.V. Golubkov, Olga Suvorova, N. M. Budnev, D. P. Petukhov, Sergey Yakovlev, N.S. Gorshkov, V.D. Rushay, V.M. Aynutdinov, M.K. Kryukov, A.P. Koshechkin, V. A. Kozhin, Fedor Šimkovic, M.V. Kruglov, A. I. Panfilov, Lukas Fajt, O.G. Kebkal, M.I. Rozanov, M.M. Kolbin, M.B. Milenin, R. R. Mirgazov, A.G. Solovjev, S.V. Fialkovsky, R. Bannash, V.A. Tabolenko, V. Nazari, T.I. Gres, E.N. Pliskovsky, A.P. Korobchenko, Evgenii V Rjabov, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, and V.F. Kulepov

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC1-999, Detector, Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Scale (descriptive set theory), 01 natural sciences, Position (vector), 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Cluster (physics), 010306 general physics, Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons, Energy (signal processing), Remote sensing
Abstract

Baikal-GVD is a cubic-kilometer scale neutrino telescope, which is currently under construction in Lake Baikal. Baikal-GVD is an array of optical modules arranged in clusters. The first cluster of the array has been deployed and commissioned in April 2015. To date, Baikal-GVD consists of 3 clusters with 864 optical modules. One of the vital conditions for optimal energy, position and direction reconstruction of the detected particles is the time calibration of the detector. In this article, we describe calibration equipment and methods used in Baikal-GVD and demonstrate the accuracy of the calibration procedures.

Published
2019

7. Baikal-GVD: first results and prospects

Author

R. Dvornicky, V.F. Kulepov, Valery Zurbanov, A.P. Koshechkin, T. I. Gress, Lukas Fajt, A.V. Skurihin, M.M. Kolbin, V.B. Brudanin, A.V. Kozhin, A.V. Avrorin, Olga Suvorova, V.D. Rushay, Fedor Šimkovic, E. A. Osipova, L. V. Pankov, G.B. Safronov, K.V. Golubkov, Aleksandr Gafarov, B.A. Tarashansky, R. R. Mirgazov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, K.V. Konischev, A. I. Panfilov, E.N. Pliskovsky, A. A. Doroshenko, I. A. Belolaptikov, O.G. Kebkal, Konstantin Kebkal, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, M.I. Rozanov, B.A. Shaybonov, A.G. Solovjev, A. N. Dyachok, M.N. Sorokovnikov, E.V. Khramov, V. M. Aynutdinov, Sergey Yakovlev, Z. Honz, M.B. Milenin, A.D. Avrorin, G.V. Domogatsky, R. Bannash, I. Stekl, V.A. Tabolenko, Evgenii V Rjabov, Mark Shelepov, A.V. Korobchenko, D.A. Kuleshov, N. M. Budnev, and S.V. Fialkovsky

Subjects
Physics, Shore, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC1-999, Neutrino telescope, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Relativistic particle, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Effective volume
Abstract

Next generation cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD is currently under construction in Lake Baikal. The detector is specially designed for search for high energies neutrinos whose sources are not yet reliably identified. Since April 2018 the telescope has been successfully operated in complex of three functionally independent clusters i.e. sub-arrays of optical modules (OMs) where now are hosted 864 OMs on 24 vertical strings. Each cluster is connected to shore by individual electro-optical cables. The effective volume of the detector for neutrino initiated cascades of relativistic particles with energy above 100 TeV has been increased up to about 0.15 km3. Preliminary results obtained with data recorded in 2016 and 2017 are discussed.

Published
2019

8. Design and first tests of the S3 detector of reactor antineutrinos

Author

V.B. Brudanin, Lukas Fajt, Egor Shevchik, Petr Přidal, E. Rukhadze, Mária Slavíčková, Tomas Slavicek, Maroš Petro, V. Belov, I. Stekl, Miroslav Macko, Jan Broulim, Sergei Kazartsev, Karel Smolek, Rastislav Hodak, Zdeněk Kruliš, I. Zhitnikov, Petr Masek, M. Fomina, Danuše Michálková, and V. Egorov

Subjects
Physics, Sterile neutrino, neutrino oscillations, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, QC1-999, Nuclear engineering, Detector, s3 experiment, reactor neutrinos, Data acquisition, Inverse beta decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Electron neutrino
Abstract

The new experiment S3 devoted to the study of reactor antineutrinos was designed and constructed as a common activity of IEAP CTU in Prague and JINR (Dubna). The S3 detector is a compact, highly segmented polystyrene-based scintillating detector composed of 80 detector elements with a gadolinium neutron converter between elements layers. A positron and a neutron are produced in an inverse beta decay initiated with an electron antineutrino in the detector. A modular multi-channel fast ADC was developed for the data acquisition for the whole 80-channel S3 detector and the 4-channel cosmic veto system. The detector meets very strict safety rules of nuclear power plants and can be installed in a chamber located immediately under the reactor. The close vicinity from the reactor enables to study neutrino properties with a higher efficiency, to investigate neutrino oscillations at short baselines and try to verify the hypothesis of a sterile neutrino. The details of the design and construction of the S3 detector, as well as properties of the modular multi-channel fast ADC system, and first tests of the device are presented.

Published
2021

9. High voltage testing for the Majorana Demonstrator

Author

Ralph Massarczyk, A. Galindo-Uribarri, Yuen-Dat Chan, S. Vasilyev, A. Li, A. Thompson, Alan Poon, N. Abgrall, Anne-Marie Suriano, J. A. Detwiler, Z. Fu, F. E. Bertrand, R. D. Martin, J. Gruszko, J. Goett, J. F. Wilkerson, R. G. H. Robertson, M. A. Howe, E. Romero-Romero, D. J. Tedeschi, B. R. White, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, Stanley M. Howard, Jonathan D. Leon, I. S. Guinn, F. T. Avignone, R. L. Varner, B. R. Jasinski, M. P. Green, M. Buuck, C. Wiseman, Reyco Henning, Eric W. Hoppe, C. Cuesta, J. Rager, D. Byram, Matthew Busch, Y.-U. Efremenko, P. J. Doe, C.-H. Yu, H. Ejiri, A. S. Barabash, Susanne Mertens, A. W. Bradley, V. Yumatov, K. J. Keeter, V.B. Brudanin, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, S. R. Elliott, Brian D. LaFerriere, D. C. Radford, A. S. Caldwell, Keith Rielage, M. Shirchenko, John L. Orrell, J. MacMullin, Kai Vetter, S. J. Meijer, C. D. Christofferson, K. Vorren, K. T. Ton, M. F. Kidd, E. Yakushev, C. Dunagan, S. I. Konovalov, W. Xu, G. K. Giovanetti, J. E. Trimble, Pinghan Chu, Richard T. Kouzes, I. J. Arnquist, and N. Snyder

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Vacuum, FOS: Physical sciences, Feedthrough, Context (language use), nucl-ex, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Physics, MAJORANA, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Electrical engineering, Molecular, High voltage, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High-voltage, Micro-discharge, Modular design, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Semiconductor detector, Other Physical Sciences, business, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Voltage
Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA Demonstrator, an ultra-low background, 44-kg modular high-purity Ge (HPGe) detector array to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Ge-76. The phenomenon of surface micro-discharge induced by high-voltage has been studied in the context of the MAJORANA Demonstrator. This effect can damage the front-end electronics or mimic detector signals. To ensure the correct performance, every high-voltage cable and feedthrough must be capable of supplying HPGe detector operating voltages as high as 5 kV without exhibiting discharge. R&D measurements were carried out to understand the testing system and determine the optimum design configuration of the high-voltage path, including different improvements of the cable layout and feedthrough flange model selection. Every cable and feedthrough to be used at the MAJORANA Demonstrator was characterized and the micro-discharge effects during the MAJORANA Demonstrator commissioning phase were studied. A stable configuration has been achieved, and the cables and connectors can supply HPGe detector operating voltages without exhibiting discharge., 9 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables, submitted to NIM A

Published
2016

10. Recent Results from the Majorana Demonstrator

Author

Eric W. Hoppe, C. R. Haufe, S. I. Alvis, T. S. Caldwell, Ralph Massarczyk, J. A. Detwiler, S. Vasilyev, D. C. Radford, I. Zhitnikov, J. Rager, I. J. Arnquist, N. W. Ruof, C. Dunagan, H. Ejiri, Kai Vetter, C. D. Christofferson, M. F. Kidd, V. Yumatov, Keith Rielage, F. E. Bertrand, Yu. Efremenko, A. W. P. Poon, M. Busch, Chang-Hong Yu, M. P. Green, M. A. Howe, S. I. Konovalov, G. K. Giovanetti, A. S. Barabash, G. Othman, J. Gruszko, C. Cuesta, Pinghan Chu, C. Wiseman, F. T. Avignone, I. S. Guinn, R. L. Varner, B. X. Zhu, W. Xu, Reyco Henning, J. F. Wilkerson, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, A. M. Lopez, S. R. Elliott, K. J. Keeter, C. J. Barton, D. Tedeschi, B. R. White, T. Gilliss, Y-D. Chan, R. D. Martin, M. Shirchenko, L. Hehn, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, R. G. H. Robertson, Richard T. Kouzes, V.B. Brudanin, J. Myslik, T. Bode, Anne-Marie Suriano, S. J. Meijer, M. Buuck, K. Vorren, Walter C. Pettus, A. L. Reine, Susanne Mertens, and E. Yakushev

Subjects
Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics beyond the Standard Model, FOS: Physical sciences, Design elements and principles, nucl-ex, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Detector array, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, physics.ins-det, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Modular design, MAJORANA, germanium, Production (computer science), Neutrinoless double-beta decay, business, point-contact detectors, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an experiment constructed to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in $^{76}$Ge and to demonstrate the feasibility to deploy a large-scale experiment in a phased and modular fashion. It consists of two modules of natural and $^{76}$Ge-enriched germanium detectors totalling 44.1 kg, operating at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. Commissioning of the experiment began in June 2015, followed by data production with the full detector array in August 2016. The ultra-low background and record energy resolution achieved by the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR enable a sensitive neutrinoless double-beta decay search, as well as additional searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. I will discuss the design elements that enable these searches, along with the latest results, focusing on the neutrinoless double-beta decay search. I will also discuss the current status and the future plans of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, as well as the plans for a future tonne-scale $^{76}$Ge experiment., 4 pages. Proceedings of The 39th International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP2018), 4-11 July, 2018, Seoul, Korea. Submitted to Proceedings of Science

Published
2018

11. Gigaton Volume Detector in Lake Baikal: status of the project

Author

V. A. Kozhin, M.B. Milenin, K.V. Golubkov, Mark Shelepov, Evgenii V Rjabov, I. A. Danilchenko, K.V. Konischev, Aleksandr Gafarov, Olga Suvorova, G.B. Safronov, A. I. Panfilov, Zdenek Hons, B.A. Tarashansky, D.A. Kuleshov, R. Bannash, Rastislav Dvornický, Aleksandr Valentinovich Avrovin, L. V. Pankov, G.V. Domogatsky, A.D. Avrorin, F.K. Koshel, R. R. Mirgazov, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, Ivan Štekl, O.G. Kebkal, V.F. Kulepov, M.I. Rozanov, E. A. Osipova, B.A. Shaybonov, V.A. Tabolenko, Valery Zurbanov, A. A. Doroshenko, A. N. Dyachok, A.P. Koshechkin, S.V. Fialkovsky, Fedor Šimkovic, E.N. Pliskovsky, A.V. Korobchenko, Zhan Dzhilkibaev, N. M. Budnev, I. A. Belolaptikov, Sergey Yakovlev, Konstantin Kebkal, V.B. Brudanin, D. P. Petukhov, V.M. Aynutdinov, T. I. Gress, Lukas Fajt, A.V. Skurihin, and M.M. Kolbin

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Neutrino detector, Neutrino telescope, Detector, Cluster (physics), Volume (compression)
Abstract

Baikal-GVD is a kilometer-scale neutrino telescope under construction in Lake Baikal, which will be formed by multi-megaton subarrays – clusters of strings. A first demonstration cluster “Dubna” has been deployed in 2015 and comprises 192 optical modules (OMs). In 2016 this cluster was upgraded to the baseline configuration which comprises 288 OMs arranged at eight strings. The second full-scale GVD-cluster was deployed and put in operation in 2017. We review the present activity towards the GVD implementation and discuss some selected results obtained with the “Dubna” cluster.

Published
2018

12. Environmental radionuclides as contaminants of HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers: Monte Carlo simulations for Modane underground laboratory

Author

F. Piquemal, R. Breier, P. Loaiza, V.B. Brudanin, Pavel P. Povinec, E. Rukhadze, I. Stekl, N. I. Rukhadze, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM - UMR 6417), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Cryostat, Monte carlo simulation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Nuclear engineering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Radiation Monitoring, 0103 physical sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Computer Simulation, Nuclear Experiment, Waste Management and Disposal, Radioisotopes, Radionuclide, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cold finger, Detector, Thorium, Gamma ray, Modane underground laboratory, General Medicine, Pollution, 0104 chemical sciences, Semiconductor detector, Spectrometry, Gamma, Background, 13. Climate action, Gamma Rays, HPGe gamma-spectrometry, Environmental science, Uranium, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Radioactive contaminants, France, Laboratories, Monte Carlo Method, Radioactive Pollutants
Abstract

International audience; The main limitation in the high-sensitive HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry has been the detector background, even for detectors placed deep underground. Environmental radionuclides such as 40K and decay products in the 238U and 232Th chains have been identified as the most important radioactive contaminants of construction parts of HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that the massive inner and outer lead shields have been the main contributors to the HPGe-detector background, followed by aluminum cryostat, copper cold finger, detector holder and the lead ring with FET. The Monte Carlo simulated cosmic-ray background gamma-ray spectrum has been by about three orders of magnitude lower than the experimental spectrum measured in the Modane underground laboratory (4800 m w.e.), underlying the importance of using radiopure materials for the construction of ultra-low-level HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers.

Published
2018

13. The Majorana Demonstrator Status and Preliminary Results

Author

F. E. Bertrand, W. Xu, F. T. Avignone, G. K. Giovanetti, C. J. Barton, R. L. Varner, Reyco Henning, Ralph Massarczyk, A. M. Lopez, M. Buuck, T. Gilliss, Alan Poon, Anne-Marie Suriano, J. A. Detwiler, D. J. Tedeschi, S. Vasilyev, S. I. Konovalov, Eric W. Hoppe, C. Wiseman, R. D. Martin, T. S. Caldwell, Pinghan Chu, J. Myslik, A. S. Barabash, Walter C. Pettus, C. Dunagan, Richard T. Kouzes, Kai Vetter, V. Yumatov, Keith Rielage, I. J. Arnquist, N. W. Ruof, C.-H. Yu, C. D. Christofferson, J. Gruszko, S. R. Elliott, B. Shanks, M. F. Kidd, V. E. Guiseppe, S. Mertens, L. Hehn, M. P. Green, B. R. White, Yuen-Dat Chan, H. Ejiri, E. Yakushev, K. Vorren, M. A. Howe, G. Othman, J. Rager, J. F. Wilkerson, D. C. Radford, S. J. Meijer, I. S. Guinn, A. L. Reine, B. Z. Zhu, K. J. Keeter, V.B. Brudanin, M. Shirchenko, T. Bode, Yu. Efremenko, C. R. Haufe, S. I. Alvis, C. Cuesta, I. Zhitnikov, Matthew Busch, and Sun, Yang

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, QC1-999, Detector, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), nucl-ex, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Lepton number, MAJORANA, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, physics.ins-det
Abstract

The Majorana Collaboration is using an array of high-purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. Searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay are understood to be the only viable experimental method for testing the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Observation of this decay would imply violation of lepton number, that neutrinos are Majorana in nature, and provide information on the neutrino mass. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of p-type point-contact Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) surrounded by a low-background shield system. The experiment achieved a high efficiency of converting raw Ge material to detectors and an unprecedented detector energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q$_{\beta\beta}$. The Majorana collaboration began taking physics data in 2016. This paper summarizes key construction aspects of the Demonstrator and shows preliminary results from initial data., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Proceeding for the "16th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS16)", 18-22 September 2017

Published
2018
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14. The processing of enriched germanium for the Majorana Demonstrator and R&D for a next generation double-beta decay experiment

Author

Ralph Massarczyk, G. K. Giovanetti, C. Wiseman, C. R. Haufe, S. Vasilyev, J. F. Wilkerson, F. E. Bertrand, Kai Vetter, N. Abgrall, I. S. Guinn, A. S. Barabash, I. Zhitnikov, Matthew Busch, D. C. Radford, M. P. Green, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, W. Xu, H. Ejiri, S. J. Meijer, J. Myslik, J. Caja, C. Dunagan, J. Rager, B. R. Jasinski, A. L. Reine, S. I. Konovalov, Yu. Efremenko, L.M. Toth, J. Gruszko, F. T. Avignone, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, R. L. Varner, C. D. Christofferson, C.-H. Yu, Reyco Henning, Keith Rielage, T. Gilliss, J. Goett, A. M. Lopez, V. Yumatov, J.H. Meyer, C. Cuesta, S. R. Elliott, R. D. Martin, A. W. Bradley, Eric W. Hoppe, K. Vorren, V.B. Brudanin, E. Yakushev, R. G. H. Robertson, T. S. Caldwell, M. Shirchenko, D. J. Tedeschi, M. Caja, Susanne Mertens, M. F. Kidd, B. X. Zhu, I. J. Arnquist, Alan Poon, Anne-Marie Suriano, J. A. Detwiler, J.A. Reising, J. E. Trimble, Pinghan Chu, D.T. Dunstan, B. R. White, J. MacMullin, M. Buuck, and Richard T. Kouzes

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotopes of germanium, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Semiconductor detector, ddc, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, chemistry, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Radioactive decay
Abstract

The Majorana Demonstrator is an array of point-contact Ge detectors fabricated from Ge isotopically enriched to 88% in 76 Ge to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. The processing of Ge for germanium detectors is a well-known technology. However, because of the high cost of Ge enriched in 76 Ge special procedures were required to maximize the yield of detector mass and to minimize exposure to cosmic rays. These procedures include careful accounting for the material; shielding it to reduce cosmogenic generation of radioactive isotopes; and development of special reprocessing techniques for contaminated solid germanium, shavings, grindings, acid etchant and cutting fluids from detector fabrication. Processing procedures were developed that resulted in a total yield in detector mass of 70%. However, none of the acid-etch solution and only 50% of the cutting fluids from detector fabrication were reprocessed. Had they been processed, the projections for the recovery yield would be between 80% and 85%. Maximizing yield is critical to justify a possible future ton-scale experiment. A process for recovery of germanium from the acid-etch solution was developed with yield of about 90%. All material was shielded or stored underground whenever possible to minimize the formation of 68 Ge by cosmic rays, which contributes background in the double-beta decay region of interest and cannot be removed by zone refinement and crystal growth. Formation of 68 Ge was reduced by a significant factor over that in natural abundance detectors not protected from cosmic rays.

Published
2018

15. Low Background Materials and Fabrication Techniques for Cables and Connectors in the Majorana Demonstrator

Author

T. Gilliss, R. D. Martin, R. G. H. Robertson, C. J. Barton, V.B. Brudanin, G. K. Giovanetti, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, I. J. Arnquist, J. F. Wilkerson, S. J. Meijer, A. S. Barabash, B. R. White, Keith Rielage, M. Busch, Eric W. Hoppe, M. A. Howe, Kai Vetter, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, C. D. Christofferson, F. T. Avignone, A. W. P. Poon, M. Shirchenko, K. Vorren, T. S. Caldwell, M. F. Kidd, J. Rager, H. Ejiri, Steven Elliott, V. Yumatov, A. L. Reine, Yu. Efremenko, C. Wiseman, I. S. Guinn, Reyco Henning, A. M. Lopez, D. C. Radford, Chang-Hong Yu, J. Myslik, Susanne Mertens, E. Yakushev, M. Buuck, N. W. Rouf, C. Cuesta, W. Xu, Y-D. Chan, Richard T. Kouzes, Ralph Massarczyk, S. Vasilyev, N. Abgrall, A. W. Bradley, Anne-Marie Suriano, T. Bode, M. P. Green, J. Gruszko, C. R. Haufe, S. I. Alvis, I. Zhitnikov, K. J. Keeter, D. Tedeschi, L. Hehn, J. E. Trimble, G. Othman, Pinghan Chu, F. E. Bertrand, S. I. Konovalov, B. X. Zhu, J. A. Detwiler, C. Dunagan, and R. L. Varner

Subjects
Cryostat, MAJORANA, Fabrication, Reliability (semiconductor), Upgrade, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, Detector, Systems engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Electronics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), physics.ins-det
Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus Ge-76. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a tonne scale Ge-76-based search (the LEGEND collaboration). In the DEMONSTRATOR, germanium detectors operate in an ultra-pure vacuum cryostat at 80 K. One special challenge of an ultra-pure environment is to develop reliable cables, connectors, and electronics that do not significantly contribute to the radioactive background of the experiment. This paper highlights the experimental requirements and how these requirements were met for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, including plans to upgrade the wiring for higher reliability in the summer of 2018. Also described are requirements for LEGEND R&D efforts underway to meet these additional requirements., Proceedings of LRT 2017

Published
2017

16. Status and recent results of the BAIKAL-GVD project

Author

V.B. Brudanin, I. A. Danilchenko, R. R. Mirgazov, D.Yu. Bogorodsky, A. V. Skurikhin, A.A. Smagina, A. A. Doroshenko, A. A. Perevalov, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, A.D. Avrorin, K. V. Konishchev, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, G.V. Domogatsky, T. I. Gress, N. M. Budnev, E. A. Osipova, E.N. Pliskovsky, A.A. Sheifler, Zdenek Hons, A. I. Panfilov, D.A. Kuleshov, A.P. Koshechkin, O.G. Kebkal, E. N. Konstantinov, Valery Zurbanov, V. Yu. Rubtsov, M.I. Rozanov, F.K. Koshel, Aleksandr Gafarov, R. Bannasch, S.V. Fialkovsky, A. V. Zagorodnikov, A.V. Korobchenko, V. M. Aynutdinov, V. A. Zhukov, Sergey Yakovlev, B.A. Shaybonov, V.F. Kulepov, A. N. Dyachok, Olga Suvorova, L. V. Pankov, V. A. Kozhin, M.B. Milenin, O. N. Gaponenko, Evgenii V Rjabov, B. A. Tarashchansky, V.I. Ljashuk, A.V. Avrorin, K.V. Golubkov, and V.A. Poleshuk

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Software deployment, Detector, business, Computer hardware
Abstract

The Prototyping phase of the BAIKAL-GVD project has been started in April 2011 with the deployment of first autonomous engineering array which comprises all basic elements and systems of the Gigaton Volume Detector (GVD) in Lake Baikal. The prototyping phase will be concluded with deployment of the GVD demonstration cluster “DUBNA” in 2015, which will comprise 192 light sensors arranged at 8 strings. The first stage of the GVD demonstration cluster which consists of three strings was deployed in April 2013 and successfully operated up to February 2014. We review the prototyping phase of the BAIKAL-GVD project and describe the configuration and design of the 2013 engineering array.

Published
2015

17. The Majorana Low-noise Low-background Front-end Electronics

Author

L. E. Leviner, Yuen-Dat Chan, E. Aguayo, D. C. Radford, W. Xu, Eric W. Hoppe, Masaharu Nomachi, A. Hegai, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, M. A. Howe, Matthew Busch, K. J. Snavely, J. E. Trimble, Nicole R. Overman, O.I. Kochetov, J. Rager, D. Byram, K. Pushkin, J. MacMullin, P. J. Doe, A. S. Caldwell, J. Goett, S. MacMullin, D. C. Combs, S. R. Elliott, Kai Vetter, C.-H. Yu, C. D. Christofferson, B. Shanks, Keith Rielage, V. E. Guiseppe, K. J. Keeter, C. Wiseman, J. Gruszko, V. V. Timkin, V. G. Egorov, V.B. Brudanin, M. Shirchenko, K. Vorren, Ryuta Hazama, John L. Orrell, Alexis G. Schubert, M. P. Green, F. E. Bertrand, H. Ejiri, M. Boswell, Jeffrey K. Thompson, J. F. Wilkerson, Vladimir Yumatov, R. D. Martin, Stanley M. Howard, A. R. Young, P. Finnerty, Yu. Efremenko, K. N. Gusev, E. Romero-Romero, B. R. White, R. G. H. Robertson, M. C. Ronquest, D. G. Phillips, F. T. Avignone, R. L. Varner, Brian D. LaFerriere, Werner Tornow, F. M. Fraenkle, Reyco Henning, M. F. Kidd, James E. Fast, Jonathan D. Leon, C. Cuesta, A. S. Barabash, Richard T. Kouzes, S. I. Konovalov, Alan Poon, Anne-Marie Suriano, J. A. Detwiler, E. Yakushev, N. Snyder, Susanne Mertens, A. Galindo-Uribarri, S. J. Meijer, S. Vasilyev, A. L. Hallin, N. Abgrall, Tatsushi Shima, G. K. Giovanetti, and J. C. Loach

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Substrate (electronics), Physics and Astronomy(all), Noise (electronics), Capacitance, neutrinoless double beta decay, law.invention, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, low noise, chemistry, law, Double beta decay, low background, Optoelectronics, charge sensitive amplifer, Resistor, business, resistive-feedback front-end
Abstract

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR will search for the neutrinoless double beta decay (ββ(0ν)) of the isotope 76Ge with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. In view of the next generation of tonne-scale germanium-based ββ(0ν)-decay searches, a major goal of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is to demonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1 cnt/(ROI-t-y) in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039-keV Q-value of the 76Ge ββ(0ν)-decay. Such a requirement on the background level significantly constrains the design of the readout electronics, which is further driven by noise and energy resolution performances. We present here the low-noise low- background front-end electronics developed for the low-capacitance p-type point contact (P-PC) germanium detectors of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. This resistive-feedback front-end, specifically designed to have low mass, is fabricated on a radioassayed fused-silica substrate where the feedback resistor consists of a sputtered thin film of high purity amorphous germanium and the feedback capacitor is based on the capacitance between gold conductive traces.

Published
2015
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18. The status and initial results of the Majorana demonstrator experiment

Author

V. Yumatov, Yu. Efremenko, V.B. Brudanin, Anne-Marie Suriano, M. Busch, Ralph Massarczyk, Keith Rielage, F. T. Avignone, S. Vasilyev, R. L. Varner, Reyco Henning, A. M. Lopez, J. E. Trimble, N. Abgrall, J. A. Detwiler, Pinghan Chu, C. Dunagan, D. C. Radford, K. J. Keeter, G. Othman, D. Tedeschi, C. J. Barton, G. K. Giovanetti, I. J. Arnquist, L. Hehn, Eric W. Hoppe, T. S. Caldwell, C. Wiseman, B. Shanks, T. Bode, V. E. Guiseppe, J. Gruszko, A. W. P. Poon, N. W. Rouf, T. Gilliss, F. E. Bertrand, R. D. Martin, A. W. Bradley, J. Myslik, S. I. Konovalov, B. X. Zhu, R. G. H. Robertson, Chang-Hong Yu, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, I. S. Guinn, C. R. Haufe, S. I. Alvis, I. Zhitnikov, J. Rager, H. Ejiri, Steven Elliott, M. A. Howe, J. F. Wilkerson, B. R. White, M. Shirchenko, C. Cuesta, W. Xu, Y-D. Chan, M. P. Green, K. Vorren, M. Buuck, S. J. Meijer, A. L. Reine, Susanne Mertens, E. Yakushev, Kai Vetter, C. D. Christofferson, M. F. Kidd, Richard T. Kouzes, and A. S. Barabash

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, MAJORANA, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino, nucl-ex, Nuclear Experiment, physics.ins-det, Lepton
Abstract

Neutrinoless double-beta decay searches play a major role in determining the nature of neutrinos, the existence of a lepton violating process, and the effective Majorana neutrino mass. The MAJORANA Collaboration assembled an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Ge-76. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is comprised of 44.1 kg (29.7 kg enriched in Ge-76) of Ge detectors divided between two modules contained in a low-background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. The initial goals of the DEMONSTRATOR are to establish the required background and scalability of a Ge-based next-generation ton-scale experiment. Following a commissioning run that started in 2015, the first detector module started low-background data production in early 2016. The second detector module was added in August 2016 to begin operation of the entire array. We discuss results of the initial physics runs, as well as the status and physics reach of the full MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment., Proceedings of the MEDEX'17 meeting (Prague, May 29 - June 2, 2017)

Published
2017

19. Baikal-GVD: Time Calibrations in 2016

Author

Aleksandr Gafarov, A.P. Koshechkin, Evgenii V Rjabov, B.A. Shaybonov, V.F. Kulepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A. N. Dyachok, N. M. Budnev, M.B. Milenin, I. A. Danilchenko, A.V. Korobchenko, V.M. Aynutdinov, Zdenek Hons, Mark Shelepov, A. A. Doroshenko, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, A.D. Avrorin, E. A. Osipova, B.A. Tarashansky, D.A. Kuleshov, Valery Zurbanov, F.K. Koshel, Zhan Dzhilkibaev, O V Surovova, A. I. Panfilov, K.V. Konischev, Sergey Yakovlev, Anatoly Kozhin, A.V. Avrorin, O.G. Kebkal, M.I. Rozanov, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, E.N. Pliskovsky, G.B. Safronov, Rastislav Dvornický, L. V. Pankov, G.V. Domogatsky, K.V. Golubkov, D. P. Petukhov, S.V. Fialkovsky, Ivan Štekl, R. Bannash, V.A. Tabolenko, T. I. Gress, Lukas Fajt, A.V. Skurihin, M.M. Kolbin, V.B. Brudanin, and R. R. Mirgazov

Subjects
Neutrino telescope, Detector, Calibration, Cluster (physics), Volume (computing), Environmental science, Angular resolution, Effective volume, Remote sensing
Abstract

In April 2015, the first part (cluster) of the newly constructed next-generation neutrino telescope, Gigaton Volume Detector (GVD), was put into operation in the lake Baikal and started with data taking followed by another cluster installed in April 2017 thus doubling the number of installed Optical Modules (OMs) and instrumented volume. Moreover, the substantial extension of this detector is planned in the next few years. Specifically, another two clusters are going to be installed every consecutive year. In total 8 clusters consisting of 2304 OMs with overall effective volume ~0.4 km3 is going to be deployed by 2020. The vital condition for high angular resolution of reconstructed tracks of particles detected in GVD is a precise timing of individual channels which can be achieved with specialized time calibration systems. In this article, the different light sources and procedures used for time calibration of the GVD in the past as well as the newly developed ones are described and the results of the 2016 time calibration of the cluster Dubna are presented, especially the precision of intra and intersection calibrations and variations of calibration parameters in time.

Published
2017

20. Calibration and monitoring units of the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope

Author

K.V. Golubkov, Evgenii V Rjabov, E. A. Osipova, A. A. Doroshenko, A.V. Korobchenko, A.V. Avrorin, M.B. Milenin, I. A. Belolaptikov, G.V. Domogatsky, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, Konstantin Kebkal, B.A. Shaybonov, Mark Shelepov, D.A. Kuleshov, A. N. Dyachok, Aleksandr Gafarov, Ivan Štekl, E.N. Pliskovsky, F.K. Koshel, A.V. Kozhin, V.M. Aynutdinov, Olga Suvorova, L. V. Pankov, B.A. Tarashansky, T. I. Gress, S.V. Fialkovsky, A.P. Koshechkin, D. P. Petukhov, Lukas Fajt, N. M. Budnev, A.V. Skurihin, A.D. Avrorin, Fedor Šimkovic, A. I. Panfilov, M.M. Kolbin, O.G. Kebkal, M.I. Rozanov, R. Bannash, Sergey Yakovlev, Z. Honz, V.A. Tabolenko, K.V. Konischev, Zhan Dzhilkibaev, Valery Zurbanov, R. R. Mirgazov, G.B. Safronov, Rastislav Dvornický, V.B. Brudanin, I. A. Danilchenko, and V.F. Kulepov

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, System of measurement, Neutrino telescope, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Calibration, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, Charged particle, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

The Baikal-GVD is a cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope which is deployed in Lake Baikal, that will perform neutrino astronomy studies. It consists of sub-arrays - clusters of about 300 optical modules each, that detect the Cherenkov light radiated by charged particles induced by neutrino interactions with the surrounding medium. The performance of the neutrino telescope relies on the precise timing and positioning calibration of the detector elements, continuous control and monitoring of a behavior of measuring systems, as well as environmental conditions which may affect light detection and event selection. This contribution describes the units which are used in GVD for calibration and monitoring purposes.

Published
2017

21. Search for Neutrinoless Quadruple- β Decay of Nd150 with the NEMO-3 Detector

Author

A. Smetana, A. Žukauskas, V. G. Egorov, R. Saakyan, X. Sarazin, E. Rukhadze, R. Salazar, S. Calvez, Vit Vorobel, F. Nova, D. Waters, O.I. Kochetov, J. J. Evans, D. Lalanne, S. Blot, Vl.I. Tretyak, A.J. Caffrey, B. Morgan, S. Söldner-Rembold, A. Huber, B. Guillon, E. Chauveau, J. Busto, J. C. Thomas, L. Dawson, Masaharu Nomachi, C. L. Riddle, A. Remoto, P. Loaiza, V. I. Tretyak, V. V. Timkin, C. Cerna, C. Augier, R. Arnold, C. Vilela, R. Hodák, A. Basharina-Freshville, H. Ohsumi, C.S. Sutton, T. Le Noblet, Dominique Durand, X.R. Liu, Guillaume Lutter, D. Duchesneau, Hector Gomez, Fedor Šimkovic, Karol Lang, A. S. Barabash, Y. A. Ramachers, Igor Nemchenok, Michele Cascella, Jouni Suhonen, J. Mott, D.V. Filosofov, F. Xie, Karel Smolek, Frédéric Nowacki, Pavel P. Povinec, D. Štefánik, Ch. Marquet, P. Přidal, I. Stekl, X. Garrido, B. Soulé, F. Perrot, J.P. Cesar, A.A. Smolnikov, S. Torre, Yu. Shitov, V.I. Umatov, F. Mamedov, F. Piquemal, V.E. Kovalenko, F. Mauger, D. Boursette, G. Szklarz, G. Eurin, M. Macko, C. Macolino, C. Hugon, R. L. Flack, J. L. Reyss, R. B. Pahlka, S. Blondel, C. Patrick, A. A. Klimenko, M. Bongrand, V.B. Brudanin, I. Vanushin, L. Fajt, P. Guzowski, Y. Lemière, A. Chapon, L. Simard, A. Chopra, Z. J. Liptak, Ph. Hubert, S. Jullian, and S. I. Konovalov

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Electron energy spectrum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Neodymium, Lepton number, Beta decay, Nuclear physics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Underground laboratory, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We report the results of a first experimental search for lepton number violation by four units in the neutrinoless quadruple-β decay of Nd150 using a total exposure of 0.19 kg yr recorded with the NEMO-3 detector at the Modane Underground Laboratory. We find no evidence of this decay and set lower limits on the half-life in the range T1/2>(1.1–3.2)×1021 yr at the 90% C.L., depending on the model used for the kinematic distributions of the emitted electrons.

Published
2017

22. Performance of the EDELWEISS-III experiment for direct dark matter searches

Author

B. Paul, Matthew R. Robinson, R. Maisonobe, A. Giuliani, C. Augier, P. Pari, E. Olivieri, V. Sanglard, J. Lin, S. Scorza, G. Garde, S. Hervé, N. Fourches, E. Yakushev, V. A. Kudryavtsev, M. Grollier, A. S. Zolotarova, M. Gros, C. Nones, Marc Weber, E. Queguiner, X. F. Navick, L. Hehn, T. de Boissière, F. Charlieux, Q. Arnaud, D.V. Poda, D. Tcherniakhovski, E. Armengaud, J. Billard, Yong Jin, C. Kéfélian, Alain Benoit, X. Zhang, P. Camus, L. Dumoulin, H. Rodenas, N. Foerster, A. Menshikov, T. Bergmann, K. Eitel, M. De Jesus, B. Schmidt, B. Siebenborn, V. Humbert, A. Juillard, H. Le-Sueur, H. Kraus, L. Vagneron, L. Bergé, V.B. Brudanin, M. Chapellier, M. Mancuso, V. Kozlov, G. Heuermann, J. Gascon, S. Marnieros, A. Cazes, S. V. Rozov, D. Filosofov, G. Bres, A. Broniatowski, Matthias Kleifges, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), EDELWEISS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon ( IPNL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Néel ( NEEL ), Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière ( CSNSM ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay ( IRAMIS ), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Electronique (NEEL - ElecLab), and Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, energy resolution, FOS: Physical sciences, EDELWEISS, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, WIMP, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, germanium: detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, gamma ray: irradiation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation, background: radioactivity, Mathematical Physics, nucleus: recoil, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, background, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), stability, Semiconductor detector, Full width at half maximum, efficiency, Ionization energy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, performance
Abstract

We present the results of measurements demonstrating the efficiency of the EDELWEISS-III array of cryogenic germanium detectors for direct dark matter searches. The experimental setup and the FID (Fully Inter-Digitized) detector array is described, as well as the efficiency of the double measurement of heat and ionization signals in background rejection. For the whole set of 24 FID detectors used for coincidence studies, the baseline resolutions for the fiducial ionization energy are mainly below 0.7 keV$_{ee}$ (FHWM) whereas the baseline resolutions for heat energies are mainly below 1.5 keV$_{ee}$ (FWHM). The response to nuclear recoils as well as the very good discrimination capability of the FID design has been measured with an AmBe source. The surface $\beta$- and $\alpha$-decay rejection power of $R_{\rm surf} < 4 \times 10^{-5}$ per $\alpha$ at 90% C.L. has been determined with a $^{210}$Pb source, the rejection of bulk $\gamma$-ray events has been demonstrated using $\gamma$-calibrations with $^{133}$Ba sources leading to a value of $R_{\gamma{\rm -mis-fid}} < 2.5 \times 10^{-6}$ at 90% C.L.. The current levels of natural radioactivity measured in the detector array are shown as the rate of single $\gamma$ background. The fiducial volume fraction of the FID detectors has been measured to a weighted average value of $(74.6 \pm 0.4)\%$ using the cosmogenic activation of the $^{65}$Zn and $^{68,71}$Ge isotopes. The stability and uniformity of the detector response is also discussed. The achieved resolutions, thresholds and background levels of the upgraded EDELWEISS-III detectors in their setup are thus well suited to the direct search of WIMP dark matter over a large mass range.

Published
2017

23. The prototyping/early construction phase of the BAIKAL-GVD project

Author

K.V. Golubkov, V. M. Aynutdinov, Sergey Yakovlev, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, A. I. Panfilov, A.V. Korobchenko, E.N. Pliskovsky, V.F. Rubtsov, Z. Honz, M.B. Milenin, O.G. Kebkal, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. V. Skurikhin, M.I. Rozanov, Olga Suvorova, A. V. Zagorodnikov, L. V. Pankov, T. I. Gress, R. Bannasch, V.A. Poleshuk, I. A. Danilchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, S.V. Fialkovsky, K. V. Konishchev, V. A. Zhukov, N. M. Budnev, D.Yu. Bogorodsky, O. N. Gaponenko, V. A. Kozhin, Evgenii V Rjabov, A.D. Avrorin, R. R. Mirgazov, B. A. Tarashchansky, Valery Zurbanov, G.V. Domogatsky, A. A. Perevalov, E. N. Konstantinov, B.A. Shaybonov, V.I. Ljashuk, A. N. Dyachok, D.A. Kuleshov, V.F. Kulepov, V.B. Brudanin, F.K. Koshel, A.A. Sheifler, A.V. Avrorin, A.A. Smagina, A. A. Doroshenko, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, E. A. Osipova, and A. I. Lolenko

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Engineering drawing, String (computer science), Detector, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation
Abstract

The Prototyping phase of the BAIKAL-GVD project has been started in April 2011 with the deployment of a three string engineering array which comprises all basic elements and systems of the Gigaton Volume Detector (GVD) in Lake Baikal. In April 2012 the version of engineering array which comprises the first full-scale string of the GVD demonstration cluster has been deployed and operated during 2012. The first stage of the GVD demonstration cluster which consists of three strings is deployed in April 2013. We review the Prototyping phase of the BAIKAL-GVD project and describe the configuration and design of the 2013 engineering array., Proceedings of the RICAP 2013 Conference, Rome, Italy, May 22-24, 2013, 7 pages, 12 figures

Published
2014

24. Search for Pauli exclusion principle violating atomic transitions and electron decay with a p-type point contact germanium detector

Author

Kai Vetter, C. D. Christofferson, M. F. Kidd, A. S. Caldwell, B. R. Jasinski, Reyco Henning, Jonathan D. Leon, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, A. S. Barabash, F. E. Bertrand, J. MacMullin, M. A. Howe, A. W. Bradley, Susanne Mertens, I. S. Guinn, J. Goett, E. Yakushev, T. Gilliss, M. Shirchenko, V. Yumatov, Yu. Efremenko, K. Vorren, John L. Orrell, Ralph Massarczyk, A. Galindo-Uribarri, J. Rager, I. Zhitnikov, V.B. Brudanin, C. Wiseman, H. Ejiri, Steven Elliott, R. D. Martin, W. Xu, Richard T. Kouzes, D. C. Radford, J. E. Trimble, Keith Rielage, R. L. Varner, E. Romero-Romero, M. P. Green, Pinghan Chu, Y-D. Chan, Anne-Marie Suriano, Eric W. Hoppe, S. I. Konovalov, S. Vasilyev, K. J. Keeter, R. G. H. Robertson, C. Cuesta, S. J. Meijer, D. Tedeschi, N. Abgrall, M. Buuck, Chang-Hong Yu, Stanley M. Howard, G. K. Giovanetti, J. F. Wilkerson, P. Finnerty, M. Busch, B. R. White, Brian D. LaFerriere, F. T. Avignone, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, J. Gruszko, J. A. Detwiler, C. Dunagan, I. J. Arnquist, and A. W. P. Poon

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, nucl-ex, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, Pauli exclusion principle, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, Quantum Physics, Auger effect, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Molecular, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Semiconductor detector, MAJORANA, Atomic electron transition, symbols, Neutrino
Abstract

A search for Pauli-exclusion-principle-violating K-alpha electron transitions was performed using 89.5 kg-d of data collected with a p-type point contact high-purity germanium detector operated at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility. A lower limit on the transition lifetime of 5.8x10^30 seconds at 90% C.L. was set by looking for a peak at 10.6 keV resulting from the x-ray and Auger electrons present following the transition. A similar analysis was done to look for the decay of atomic K-shell electrons into neutrinos, resulting in a lower limit of 6.8x10^30 seconds at 90 C.L. It is estimated that the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, a 44 kg array of p-type point contact detectors that will search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76-Ge, could improve upon these exclusion limits by an order of magnitude after three years of operation. Abgrall, N; Arnquist, I J; Avignone, F T; Barabash, A S; Bertrand, F E; Bradley, A W; Brudanin, V; Busch, M; Buuck, M; Caldwell, A S; Chan, Y-D; Christofferson, C D; Chu, P -H; Cuesta, C; Detwiler, J A; Dunagan, C; Efremenko, Yu; Ejiri, H; Elliott, S R; Finnerty, P S; Galindo-Uribarri, A; Gilliss, T; Giovanetti, G K; Goett, J; Green, M P; Gruszko, J; Guinn, I S; Guiseppe, V E; Henning, R; Hoppe, E W; Howard, S; Howe, M A; Jasinski, B R; Keeter, K J; Kidd, M F; Konovalov, S I; Kouzes, R T; LaFerriere, B D; Leon, J; MacMullin, J; Martin, R D; Massarczyk, R; Meijer, S J; Mertens, S; Orrell, J L; O'Shaughnessy, C; Poon, A W P; Radford, D C; Rager, J; Rielage, K; Robertson, R G H; Romero-Romero, E; Shanks, B; Shirchenko, M; Suriano, A M; Tedeschi, D; Trimble, J E; Varner, R L; Vasilyev, S; Vetter, K; Vorren, K; White, B R; Wilkerson, J F; Wiseman, C; Xu, W; Yakushev, E; Yu, C -H; Yumatov, V; Zhitnikov, I

Published
2016

25. Spatial positioning of underwater components for Baikal- GVD

Author

Aleksandr Gafarov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, R. R. Mirgazov, Mark Shelepov, E.N. Pliskovsky, A.V. Skurichin, T.I. Gres, K.V. Golubkov, K.V. Konischev, R. Bannash, B.A. Shaybonov, V.F. Kulepov, D. P. Petukhov, Evgenii V Rjabov, A. N. Dyachok, A.D. Avrorin, V. A. Kozhin, V.A. Tabolenko, I. Shtekl, M.V. Kruglov, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, Olga Suvorova, A.V. Avrorin, V.D. Rushay, S.V. Fialkovsky, V.M. Aynutdinov, M.N. Sorokovikov, M.K. Kryukov, V.B. Brudanin, A. I. Panfilov, B.A. Tarashansky, Lukas Fajt, A. A. Doroshenko, O.G. Kebkal, M.B. Milenin, M.I. Rozanov, M.M. Kolbin, A.V. Korobchenko, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, V. Nazari, G.V. Domogatsky, A.G. Solovjev, G.B. Safronov, Rastislav Dvornický, N.S. Gorshkov, A.P. Koshechkin, E.V. Khramov, Sergey Yakovlev, Fedor Šimkovic, N. M. Budnev, and D.A. Kuleshov

Subjects
Spatial positioning, Positioning system, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Orientation (computer vision), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics, QC1-999, Detector, Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Acceleration, Timing error, 0103 physical sciences, Underwater, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Baikal-GVD is a cubic kilometer-scale neutrino telescope currently under construction in Lake Baikal. The detector’s components are mobile and may drift from their initial coordinates or change their spatial orientation. This introduces a reconstruction error, particularly a timing error for PMT hits. This problem is mitigated by a combination of a hydroacoustic positioning system and per-component acceleration and orientation sensors. Under regular conditions, the average positioning accuracy for a GVD component is estimated to be less than 13 cm.

Published
2019

26. Status of the Baikal-GVD Neutrino Telescope

Author

N. M. Budnev, A.V. Korobchenko, M.B. Milenin, A.V. Avrorin, Mark Shelepov, K.V. Konischev, R. Bannash, Lukas Fajt, V. A. Kozhin, A.V. Skurichin, M.M. Kolbin, B.A. Tarashansky, M.N. Sorokovikov, A. A. Doroshenko, D.A. Kuleshov, V.F. Kulepov, V.A. Tabolenko, E.V. Khramov, A. I. Panfilov, V.B. Brudanin, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, R. R. Mirgazov, T.I. Gres, B.A. Shaybonov, A.P. Koshechkin, S.V. Fialkovsky, O.G. Kebkal, M.I. Rozanov, Fedor Šimkovic, V.D. Rushay, A. N. Dyachok, Sergey Yakovlev, K.V. Golubkov, V.M. Aynutdinov, V. Nazari, A.G. Solovjev, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.V. Kruglov, G.V. Domogatsky, D. P. Petukhov, Olga Suvorova, M.K. Kryukov, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, I. Shtekl, A.D. Avrorin, G.B. Safronov, Rastislav Dvornický, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, N.S. Gorshkov, and Evgenii V Rjabov

Subjects
Physics, Scale (ratio), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cherenkov detector, QC1-999, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Underwater, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Currently in Lake Baikal a new-generation neutrino telescope is being deployed: Baikal-GVD, a deep underwater Cherenkov detector on the cubic-kilometer scale. This paper presents the status of the detector implementation and the first physical results obtained with the existing configuration.

Published
2019

27. Characteristics of signals originating near the lithium-diffused N+ contact of high purity germanium p-type point contact detectors

Author

Yu. Efremenko, M. L. Miller, D. G. Phillips, R. D. Martin, V. Egorov, James E. Fast, G. Perumpilly, V. M. Gehman, R. G. H. Robertson, C.-H. Yu, V. V. Timkin, Alexis G. Schubert, J. Esterline, K. J. Snavely, D. C. Radford, Yuen-Dat Chan, E. Yakushev, M. Shirchenko, J. F. Wilkerson, Eric W. Hoppe, Nicole R. Overman, P. Finnerty, N. Fields, M. C. Ronquest, J. H. Merriman, O.I. Kochetov, G. K. Giovanetti, John L. Orrell, Vladimir Yumatov, Michael G. Marino, V. E. Guiseppe, Stanley M. Howard, J. C. Loach, A. R. Young, Masaharu Nomachi, M. A. Howe, Reynold J. Cooper, C. D. Christofferson, Mark Amman, D. C. Combs, L. Mizouni, Matthew Busch, P. J. Doe, F. M. Fraenkle, S. I. Konovalov, A. Knecht, Kai Vetter, Keith Rielage, Brian D. LaFerriere, J. I. Collar, R. A. Johnson, Ryuta Hazama, Q. Looker, J. A. Detwiler, Jonathan D. Leon, Tatsushi Shima, S. R. Elliott, L. E. Leviner, M. Horton, Richard T. Kouzes, Werner Tornow, S. MacMullin, J. R. Beene, F. E. Bertrand, M. Boswell, Paul Barton, E. Aguayo, M. F. Kidd, M. P. Green, H. Ejiri, K. J. Keeter, V.B. Brudanin, A. Galindo-Uribarri, J. Strain, H. Yaver, D. Steele, A. L. Hallin, Paul N. Luke, A. W. P. Poon, F. T. Avignone, R. L. Varner, Reyco Henning, A. S. Barabash, K. Gusey, and K. Vorren

Subjects
Physics, Novel technique, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Detector, Dead layer, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Semiconductor detector, Point contact, Partial charge, chemistry, Energy spectrum, Optoelectronics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

A study of signals originating near the lithium-diffused n+ contact of p-type point contact (PPC) high purity germanium detectors (HPGe) is presented. The transition region between the active germanium and the fully dead layer of the n+ contact is examined. Energy depositions in this transition region are shown to result in partial charge collection. This provides a mechanism for events with a well defined energy to contribute to the continuum of the energy spectrum at lower energies. A novel technique to quantify the contribution from this source of background is introduced. Experiments that operate germanium detectors with a very low energy threshold may benefit from the methods presented herein.

Published
2013

28. The Majorana Demonstrator radioassay program

Author

T. Gilliss, M. L. Miller, C. D. Christofferson, J. Goett, R. D. Martin, N. Abgrall, Ralph Massarczyk, A. Galindo-Uribarri, J. Gruszko, A. S. Caldwell, R. G. H. Robertson, Stanley M. Howard, M. P. Green, Nicole R. Overman, W. Xu, Kai Vetter, H. Ejiri, S. Meijer, C.-H. Yu, B. R. Jasinski, Anne-Marie Suriano, J. A. Detwiler, J. E. Trimble, V. E. Guiseppe, V. M. Gehman, F. T. Avignone, B. Shanks, R. L. Varner, K. Vorren, I. S. Guinn, Reyco Henning, D. C. Radford, O.I. Kochetov, K. J. Snavely, Eric W. Hoppe, R. A. Johnson, M. F. Kidd, Keith Rielage, Yuen-Dat Chan, A. W. Bradley, S. Vasilyev, D. Byram, M. Buuck, S. I. Konovalov, Henning O. Back, G. K. Giovanetti, K. Pushkin, I. Zhitnikov, Matthew Busch, M. A. Howe, J. F. Wilkerson, J. C. Loach, Pinghan Chu, D. J. Tedeschi, Richard T. Kouzes, A. S. Barabash, Jonathan D. Leon, S. MacMullin, P. Finnerty, B. R. White, C. Wiseman, K. J. Keeter, V.B. Brudanin, J. Rager, J. MacMullin, Alexis G. Schubert, V. Yumatov, C. O'Shaughnessy, S. R. Elliott, J. A. Dunmore, E. Yakushev, Susanne Mertens, M. C. Ronquest, E. Romero-Romero, Yu. Efremenko, C. Cuesta, Brian D. LaFerriere, M. Shirchenko, John L. Orrell, F. E. Bertrand, M. Boswell, D. Steele, I. J. Arnquist, N. Snyder, and A. W. P. Poon

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Radiopurity, nucl-ex, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Mass spectroscopy, Particle and Plasma Physics, Germanium counting, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutron activation analysis, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Low background, Physics, MAJORANA, Mass spectrometry, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Detector, Molecular, Trace analysis, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Semiconductor detector, Other Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Neutron activation
Abstract

The MAJORANA collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTATOR at the Sanford Underground Research Facility at the Homestake gold mine, in Lead, SD. The apparatus will use Ge detectors, enriched in isotope \nuc{76}{Ge}, to demonstrate the feasibility of a large-scale Ge detector experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. The long half-life of this postulated process requires that the apparatus be extremely low in radioactive isotopes whose decays may produce backgrounds to the search. The radioassay program conducted by the collaboration to ensure that the materials comprising the apparatus are sufficiently pure is described. The resulting measurements of the radioactive-isotope contamination for a number of materials studied for use in the detector are reported., to be submitted to NIM

Published
2016

29. EURECA - the European future of dark matter searches with cryogenic detectors

Author

A. Chantelauze, P. Di Stefano, B. Tolhurst, C. Coppi, L. Perevoshchikov, Josef Jochum, G. Burghart, F. Petricca, F. Schwamm, K. Eitel, A. Broniatowski, F. von Feilitzsch, M. Kimmerle, S. Henry, M. Fesquet, J. Blümer, L. Dumoulin, Philippe Camus, W. Westphal, M. Gros, I. Bavykina, R. McGowan, J. Imber, E. Pantic, M. Horn, A. de Lesquen, J. Wolf, V. B. Mikhailik, R. Lemrani, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Ciemniak, C. Isaila, J. Gascon, A. Lubashevsky, P. Pari, Masahiro Teshima, W. Rau, M. Bauer, H. Kraus, S. Marnieros, C. Goldbach, G. Nollez, X-F. Navick, M. Chapellier, W. Seidel, F. Ritter, S. Pfister, K. Rottler, P. Christ, Alain Benoit, P. Wikus, V.B. Brudanin, M. Malek, H. Deschamps, M. Luca, M. Stern, S. Scholl, E. Yakushev, F. Pröbst, M. De Jesus, V. Sanglard, J.-C. Lanfranchi, T.O. Niinikoski, D. Hauff, G. Chardin, W. Potzel, G. Gerbier, A. Juillard, Centre de Recherches sur les Très Basses Températures (CRTBT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département de Recherche sur l'Etat Condensé, les Atomes et les Molécules (DRECAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), David B. Cline, EDELWEISS, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Dark matter, EDELWEISS, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Multi target, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, European Underground Rare Event Calorimeter Array, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics
Abstract

International audience; EURECA (European Underground Rare Event Calorimeter Array) is a new project, searching for dark matter, with largely the present groups of the CRESST and EDELWEISS experiments and already a few new groups. The aim is to explore scalar cross sections in the 10−9–10−10 picobarn region with a target mass of up to one tonne. A major advantage of EURECA is our planned use of more that just one target material (multi target experiment for WIMP identification). In preparation for this large-scale experiment, R&D for EURECA is provided through the current phases of CRESST and EDELWEISS.

Published
2016

30. Astroparticle physics with a customized low-background broad energy Germanium detector

Author

L. E. Leviner, L. Mizouni, Paul N. Luke, S. R. Elliott, Andrew Hime, Craig E. Aalseth, W. Bugg, Reynold J. Cooper, H. Salazar, A. S. Barabash, H. A. Farach, S. I. Konovalov, M. L. Miller, Chao Zhang, J. I. Collar, O.I. Kochetov, K. Gusey, J. Strain, G. K. Giovanetti, S. Zimmerman, D. Steele, V. Egorov, R. D. Martin, F. T. Avignone, Henning O. Back, Eric W. Hoppe, R. L. Varner, Mark Amman, Yu. Efremenko, D.A. Peterson, Reyco Henning, C. Keller, Harry S. Miley, H. Yaver, A. Knecht, Keenan Thomas, V. V. Timkin, Dongming Mei, J. Esterline, J. Kephart, D. G. Phillips, J. Qian, James E. Fast, M. Bergevin, P. J. Doe, J. C. Loach, Yuen-Dat Chan, R. G. H. Robertson, G. C. Harper, J. Diaz, E. Yakushev, A. L. Hallin, T. D. Van Wechel, W. Xiang, M. F. Kidd, K. J. Keeter, V.B. Brudanin, Keith Rielage, M. Shirchenko, Alexis G. Schubert, Erin S. Fuller, N. Fields, R.A. Johnson, John L. Orrell, B. K. Fujikawa, K. P. Rykaczewski, Michael G. Marino, L. Rodriguez, Albert Young, Tatsushi Shima, S. MacMullin, F. E. Bertrand, M. A. Howe, R. J. Creswick, M. Boswell, H. Ejiri, Todd W. Hossbach, G. Capps, Chang-Hong Yu, V. M. Gehman, V. E. Guiseppe, Kai Vetter, Masaharu Nomachi, Ryuta Hazama, G. Swift, James H. Ely, Martin E. Keillor, Richard T. Kouzes, Werner Tornow, D. C. Radford, G. Prior, Matthew Busch, J. F. Wilkerson, P. Finnerty, B. A. Wolfe, P. S. Barbeau, Vladimir Yumatov, T.H. Burritt, Alan Poon, J. A. Detwiler, I. Vanyushin, and A. W. Meyers

Subjects
Cryostat, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Particle detector, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, Double beta decay, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is building the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, a 60 kg array of high purity germanium detectors housed in an ultra-low background shield at the Sanford Underground Laboratory in Lead, SD. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR will search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76Ge while demonstrating the feasibility of a tonne-scale experiment. It may also carry out a dark matter search in the 1-10 GeV/c^2 mass range. We have found that customized Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detectors produced by Canberra have several desirable features for a neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment, including low electronic noise, excellent pulse shape analysis capabilities, and simple fabrication. We have deployed a customized BEGe, the MAJORANA Low-Background BEGe at Kimballton (MALBEK), in a low-background cryostat and shield at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility in Virginia. This paper will focus on the detector characteristics and measurements that can be performed with such a radiation detector in a low-background environment., Comment: Submitted to NIMA Proceedings, SORMA XII. 9 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011

31. New Data Release of GERDA Phase II: Search for 0νββ Decay of 76Ge

Author

Igor Nemchenok, Bela Majorovits, M Agostini, Mikael Hult, I V Kirpichnikov, O. Schulz, A Garfagnini, Allen Caldwell, Manfred Lindner, S. Hemmer, Y. Kermaïdic, A Chernogorov, A. Lubashevskiy, P Moseev, Ivano Lippi, C. Gooch, R. Mingazheva, Th. Kihm, E. Shevchik, R. Kneißl, V. Egorov, O Selivanenko, R Falkenstein, L Bezrukov, A Lazzaro, V.B. Brudanin, C Sada, M Balata, O.I. Kochetov, A. M. Gangapshev, A A Vasenko, C. Bauer, A.-K. Schütz, Hardy Simgen, Luciano Pandola, A. Hegai, B Schneider, S Belogurov, B. Schwingenheuer, E V Demidova, S Riboldi, M Junker, Luca Stanco, N. Di Marco, V V Kuzminov, J. Janicsko Csathy, N Rumyantseva, A. A. Klimenko, A Pullia, A Kish, M. Heisel, V N Kornoukhov, A Domula, M. Misiaszek, E Doroshkevich, A Bettini, Matthias Laubenstein, V Kazalov, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Shirchenko, B Lubsandorzhiev, J. Hakenmüller, R. Hiller, K. Panas, L. Vanhoefer, A. Kirsch, C Schmitt, Jochen Schreiner, T. Bode, W. Maneschg, P. Grabmayr, C. Ransom, K. N. Gusev, R Brugnera, K. T. Knöpfle, L V Inzhechik, S. Schönert, Laura Baudis, I Barabanov, J. Jochum, M. Miloradovic, E Bellotti, Werner Hofmann, V D’Andrea, C Macolino, F Salamida, V Gurentsov, A.A. Smolnikov, and C. Cattadori

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Isotope, Double beta decay, Detector, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Cryogenics, Data release, Semiconductor detector
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment is searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay ( 0νββ ) of the isotope 76 Ge. High-purity germanium crystals enriched in 76 Ge, simultaneously used as source and detector, are directly deployed into ultra-pure, cryogenic liquid argon, which acts both as cooling medium and shield against the external radiation. The second phase of the experiment is taking data since end of 2015 with 20 additional kg of custom-made BEGe-type Germanium detectors and an active LAr veto. In this paper we will summarize the results of the last data release of June 2017. No evidence for a possible signal is found: the lower limit for the half-life of 76 Ge is 8.0·1025 yr at 90% CL. The very low residual background found at the Q -value of the decay, about 10-3 cts/(keV · kg · yr), makes Gerda the first experiment in the field to be background-free for the complete design exposure of 100 kg · yr.

Published
2018

32. GERDA results and the future perspectives for the neutrinoless double beta decay search using 76Ge

Author

A. Domula, Allen Caldwell, K. von Sturm, J. Janicskó Csáthy, C. Macolino, A. V. Veresnikova, V.B. Brudanin, Hardy Simgen, A. Chernogorov, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Christian Bauer, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, I. R. Barabanov, I. Zhitnikov, E. Doroshkevich, A. Lubashevskiy, A. A. Klimenko, N. Rumyantseva, Guillaume Lutter, R. Mingazheva, A. M. Bakalyarov, A. Garfagnini, I. V. Kirpichnikov, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, O.I. Kochetov, S. Hemmer, Matthias Laubenstein, R. Hiller, A. M. Gangapshev, J. Schreiner, Stefano Riboldi, M. Balata, V. Wagner, Alessandro Bettini, E. V. Demidova, B. Schneider, E. Shevchik, R. Kneißl, M. Misiaszek, A. A. Vasenko, V. Egorov, V. I. Gurentsov, L. Vanhoefer, T. Bode, M. Heisel, A. Kirsch, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, Y. Kermaïdic, S. Belogurov, V. D'Andrea, M. Miloradovic, L. Pertoldi, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Ivano Lippi, A. Wegmann, L. V. Inzhechik, Igor Nemchenok, V. V. Kazalov, C. Wiesinger, M. Shirchenko, Bela Majorovits, Mikael Hult, K. N. Gusev, M. Giordano, Cinzia Sada, A. Lazzaro, D. Borowicz, R. Brugnera, Stefan Schönert, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, Laura Baudis, A.-K. Schütz, A. Zschocke, N. Di Marco, J. Jochum, Manfred Lindner, J. Biernat, O. Selivanenko, B. Schwingenheuer, E. Bellotti, C. Ransom, L. B. Bezrukov, Werner Hofmann, S. V. Zhukov, Thomas Kihm, M. Junker, K. T. Knöpfle, T. Comellato, G. Zuzel, J. Hakenmüller, K. Panas, Luca Stanco, F. Salamida, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, and D. Zinatulina

Subjects
Semileptonic decay, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, MAJORONS, Majorana mass, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrinoless double beta decay, lepton number violation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Diode, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Beta decay, Semiconductor detector, chemistry, Liquid argon, and Optics
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) is a low background experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN designed to search for the rare neutrinoless double beta decay ([Formula: see text]) of [Formula: see text]Ge. In the first phase (Phase I) of the experiment, high purity germanium diodes were operated in a “bare” mode and immersed in liquid argon. The overall background level of [Formula: see text] was a factor of ten better than those of its predecessors. No signal was found and a lower limit was set on the half-life for the [Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL), while the corresponding median sensitivity was [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL). A second phase (Phase II) started at the end of 2015 after a major upgrade. Thanks to the increased detector mass and performance of the enriched germanium diodes and due to the introduction of liquid argon instrumentation techniques, it was possible to reduce the background down to [Formula: see text]. After analyzing 23.2 kg[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]yr of these new data no signal was seen. Combining these with the data from Phase I a stronger half-life limit of the [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] decay was obtained: [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL), reaching a sensitivity of [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL). Phase II will continue for the collection of an exposure of 100 kg[Formula: see text]yr. If no signal is found by then the GERDA sensitivity will have reached [Formula: see text] yr for setting a 90% CL. limit. After the end of GERDA Phase II, the flagship experiment for the search of [Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text]Ge will be LEGEND. LEGEND experiment is foreseen to deploy up to 1-ton of [Formula: see text]Ge. After ten years of data taking, it will reach a sensitivity beyond 10[Formula: see text] yr, and hence fully cover the inverted hierarchy region.

Published
2018

33. Production, characterization and operation of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge enriched BEGe detectors in GERDA

Author

Laura Baudis, Matthias Laubenstein, W. Hampel, E. V. Demidova, E. Bellotti, P. Zavarise, H. Y. Liao, V. Wagner, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, G. Pessina, A. A. Vasenko, J. Jochum, Thomas Kihm, K. N. Gusev, C. Gotti, Oliver Schulz, Stefan Schönert, Alberto Pullia, D. Budjáš, V. I. Lebedev, A. Garfagnini, K. Freund, C. Macolino, H. Strecker, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, D. Palioselitis, N. Becerici-Schmidt, J. Janicskó Csáthy, B. Schwingenheuer, T. Wester, S. Belogurov, A.A. Smolnikov, E. Andreotti, B. Lehnert, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, H. Wilsenach, I. Zhitnikov, Alessandro Bettini, R. Brugnera, A. Kirsch, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Wegmann, Ivano Lippi, D. Borowicz, Igor Nemchenok, Luca Stanco, Manfred Lindner, Marc Walter, V. V. Kuzminov, Bela Majorovits, I. R. Barabanov, C. Schmitt, Matteo Agostini, Stefano Riboldi, S. V. Zhukov, K. T. Knöpfle, M. Salathe, M. Misiaszek, M. Shirchenko, G. Zuzel, M. Balata, C. O'Shaughnessy, L. Vanhoefer, T. Bode, Luciano Pandola, V. V. Kazalov, Christian Bauer, A. A. Klimenko, A. Lubashevskiy, N. Rumyantseva, A. Hegai, M. Allardt, N. Barros, V. Egorov, D. R. Zinatulina, A. Chernogorov, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Mikael Hult, C. A. Ur, S. Hemmer, O.I. Kochetov, S. T. Belyaev, J. Schreiner, A. M. Gangapshev, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, M. Junker, V. D'Andrea, A. Lazzaro, G. Heusser, A. Domula, R. Falkenstein, Werner Hofmann, V. I. Gurentsov, V.B. Brudanin, L. Ioannucci, Hardy Simgen, M. Heisel, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, K. von Sturm, A. Caldwel, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, W. Maneschg, N. Frodyma, E. A. Yanovich, and Stefano Nisi

Subjects
Physics, Cryostat, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Germanium, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Energy (signal processing), Diode
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) at the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory (LNGS) searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0{\nu}{\beta}{\beta}) of $^{76}$Ge. Germanium detectors made of material with an enriched $^{76}$Ge fraction act simultaneously as sources and detectors for this decay. During Phase I of the experiment mainly refurbished semi-coaxial Ge detectors from former experiments were used. For the upcoming Phase II, 30 new $^{76}$Ge enriched detectors of broad energy germanium (BEGe)-type were produced. A subgroup of these detectors has already been deployed in GERDA during Phase I. The present paper reviews the complete production chain of these BEGe detectors including isotopic enrichment, purification, crystal growth and diode production. The efforts in optimizing the mass yield and in minimizing the exposure of the $^{76}$Ge enriched germanium to cosmic radiation during processing are described. Furthermore, characterization measurements in vacuum cryostats of the first subgroup of seven BEGe detectors and their long-term behavior in liquid argon are discussed. The detector performance fulfills the requirements needed for the physics goals of GERDA Phase~II.

Published
2015

34. Status of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR

Author

B. R. Jasinski, Anne-Marie Suriano, K. J. Keeter, M. A. Howe, D. Tedeschi, A. W. Bradley, F. E. Bertrand, C. Wiseman, G. K. Giovanetti, T. Gilliss, Ralph Massarczyk, A. Galindo-Uribarri, J. E. Trimble, Pinghan Chu, C. X. Baldenegro-Barrera, R. D. Martin, Susanne Mertens, J. MacMullin, E. Romero-Romero, E. Yakushev, R. G. H. Robertson, D. C. Radford, I. Zhitnikov, J. F. Wilkerson, Keith Rielage, S. Vasilyev, J. Gruszko, I. J. Arnquist, N. Snyder, Brian D. LaFerriere, N. Abgrall, W. Xu, B. R. White, C. Cuesta, Eric W. Hoppe, S. J. Meijer, A. W. P. Poon, D. Byram, J. A. Detwiler, A. S. Caldwell, J. Rager, Stanley M. Howard, M. Shirchenko, H. Ejiri, Y-D. Chan, Steven Elliott, V. Yumatov, Yu. Efremenko, John L. Orrell, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, Jonathan D. Leon, M. Busch, Richard T. Kouzes, K. Vorren, M. Buuck, M. P. Green, Kai Vetter, C. D. Christofferson, M. F. Kidd, S. I. Konovalov, R. L. Varner, Chang-Hong Yu, I. S. Guinn, F. T. Avignone, Reyco Henning, V.B. Brudanin, C. O'Shaughnessy, J. Goett, and A. S. Barabash

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Modular design, MAJORANA, Double beta decay, Mass scale, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Hpge detector, business, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, an ultra-low background, modular, HPGe detector array with a mass of 44-kg (29 kg 76Ge and 15 kg natGe) to search for neutrinoless double beta decay in Ge-76. The next generation of tonne-scale Ge-based neutrinoless double beta decay searches will probe the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchy region. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is envisioned to demonstrate a path forward to achieve a background rate at or below 1 count/tonne/year in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value of 2039 keV. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR follows a modular implementation to be easily scalable to the next generation experiment. First, the prototype module was assembled; it has been continuously taking data from July 2014 to June 2015. Second, Module 1 with more than half of the total enriched detectors and some natural detectors has been assembled and it is being commissioned. Finally, the assembly of Module 2, which will complete MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, is already in progress., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2015
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35. Obelix, a new low-background HPGe at Modane Underground Laboratory

Author

G. Warot, E. Rukhadze, F. Piquemal, V.B. Brudanin, P. Loaiza, I. Stekl, M. Zampaolo, and N. I. Rukhadze

Subjects
Cryostat, Materials science, Detector, Radiochemistry, Electromagnetic shielding, Measuring instrument, Gamma spectroscopy, Isotopes of thorium, Particle detector, Semiconductor detector
Abstract

An ultra-low background coaxial HPGe detector for gamma-ray spectrometry with a relative efficiency of 160%, corresponding to a 600 cm3 Ge crystal, was installed at the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane, France (4800 m.w.e). To reduce the instrinsic detector background, all parts involved in the detector cryostat were selected for their low radioactivity contamination. A shielding, composed of an inner layer of roman lead and an external layer of regular lead was installed, together with a system to reduce the Rn level inside the sample chamber. The shielding was designed to allow the measurement of Marinelli-shaped samples. We present the constructional details which lead to a remarkable low detector background of 73 cts/kg·d in [40, 3000] keV. Measured samples showed that sensitivities about 100 μBq/kg in 226Ra and 228Th are reached for samples of some kg and 30 days of lifetime.

Published
2015

36. Analysis techniques for background rejection at the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR

Author

J. Gruszko, I. S. Guinn, M. Shirchenko, J. E. Trimble, A. S. Caldwell, John L. Orrell, C. X. Baldenegro-Barrera, G. K. Giovanetti, J. Rager, Kai Vetter, Chang-Hong Yu, H. Ejiri, Steven Elliott, C. D. Christofferson, M. F. Kidd, A. Galindo-Uribarri, D. Byram, J. A. Detwiler, C. Wiseman, Stanley M. Howard, R. L. Varner, S. Vasilyev, B. Shanks, V. E. Guiseppe, T. Gilliss, F. E. Bertrand, D. C. Radford, Brian D. LaFerriere, R. D. Martin, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, Keith Rielage, N. Abgrall, S. J. Meijer, B. R. Jasinski, M. Buuck, R. G. H. Robertson, K. J. Keeter, D. Tedeschi, A. S. Barabash, I. Zhitnikov, M. Busch, Richard T. Kouzes, J. F. Wilkerson, V. Yumatov, E. Romero-Romero, Yu. Efremenko, F. T. Avignone, A. W. Bradley, M. P. Green, I. J. Arnquist, N. Snyder, B. R. White, W. Xu, K. Vorren, C. Cuesta, A. W. P. Poon, J. MacMullin, S. I. Konovalov, Y-D. Chan, Susanne Mertens, Jonathan D. Leon, E. Yakushev, Anne-Marie Suriano, Eric W. Hoppe, J. Goett, Reyco Henning, V.B. Brudanin, and M. A. Howe

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Modular design, Reduction (complexity), MAJORANA, Double beta decay, Neutrino, business, Event (particle physics), Data reduction
Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, an ultra-low background, 40-kg modular HPGe detector array to search for neutrinoless double beta decay in 76Ge. In view of the next generation of tonne-scale Ge-based 0nbb-decay searches that will probe the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchy region, a major goal of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is to demonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1 count/tonne/year in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value at 2039 keV. The background rejection techniques to be applied to the data include cuts based on data reduction, pulse shape analysis, event coincidences, and time correlations. The Point Contact design of the DEMONSTRATOR 0s germanium detectors allows for significant reduction of gamma background., 4 pages, 2 figures

Published
2015

37. DANSS: Detector of the reactor AntiNeutrino based on Solid Scintillator

Author

J. Vlasek, A. S. Kobyakin, N. Skrobova, Mikhail Danilov, M. Shirchenko, Yu. Shitov, D. Medvedev, A. A. Kuznetsov, E. Tarkovsky, Z. Hons, Ye. Shevchik, D. N. Svirida, V. Egorov, V. Rusinov, I. V. Machikhiliyan, N. Rumyantseva, D. Ponomarev, D. R. Zinatulina, V. A. Belov, I. Tikhomirov, A.V. Salamatin, D.V. Filosofov, M. Fomina, A.G. Olshevsky, S. Kazartsev, I. Rozova, I. G. Alekseev, V. M. Nesterov, V.B. Brudanin, I. Zhitnikov, and A. Starostin

Subjects
Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear engineering, Detector, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Core (optical fiber), Nuclear reactor core, 0103 physical sciences, Sensitivity (control systems), Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The DANSS project is aimed at creating a relatively compact neutrino spectrometer which does not contain any flammable or other dangerous liquids and may therefore be located very close to the core of an industrial power reactor. As a result, it is expected that high neutrino flux would provide about 15,000 IBD interactions per day in the detector with a sensitive volume of 1 m3. High segmentation of the plastic scintillator will allow to suppress a background down to a ~1% level. Numerous tests performed with a simplified pilot prototype DANSSino under a 3 GWth reactor of the Kalinin NPP have demonstrated operability of the chosen design. The DANSS detector surrounded with a composite shield is movable by means of a special lifting gear, varying the distance to the reactor core in a range from 10 m to 12 m. Due to this feature, it could be used not only for the reactor monitoring, but also for fundamental research including short-range neutrino oscillations to the sterile state. Supposing one-year measurement, the sensitivity to the oscillation parameters is expected to reach a level of sin2(2θnew) ~ 5 × 10−3 with Δ m2 ⊂ (0.02–5.0) eV2.

Published
2016

38. A Segmented, Enriched N-type Germanium Detector for Neutrinoless Double Beta-Decay Experiments

Author

Albert Young, S.F. Mikhailov, M. F. Kidd, A. S. Barabash, Valdimir Umatov, T. A. Underwood, V. Egorov, K. T. Lesko, S. R. Elliott, V. M. Gehman, J.H. Reeves, Jingyi Li, Ying Wu, Viatcheslav Sandukovsky, D. C. Radford, L. De Braeckeleer, Todd W. Hossbach, Craig E. Aalseth, S. I. Konovalov, M. Boswell, Harry S. Miley, J. Kephart, Henning O. Back, Yuen-Dat Chan, L. E. Leviner, V.B. Brudanin, Dongming Mei, F. T. Avignone, M. W. Ahmed, and Werner Tornow

Subjects
Cryostat, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Resolution (electron density), FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, Full width at half maximum, MAJORANA, chemistry, Double beta decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present data characterizing the performance of the first segmented, N-type Ge detector, isotopically enriched to 85% $^{76}$Ge. This detector, based on the Ortec PT6x2 design and referred to as SEGA (Segmented, Enriched Germanium Assembly), was developed as a possible prototype for neutrinoless double beta-decay measurements by the {\sc Majorana} collaboration. We present some of the general characteristics (including bias potential, efficiency, leakage current, and integral cross-talk) for this detector in its temporary cryostat. We also present an analysis of the resolution of the detector, and demonstrate that for all but two segments there is at least one channel that reaches the {\sc Majorana} resolution goal below 4 keV FWHM at 2039 keV, and all channels are below 4.5 keV FWHM.

Published
2013

39. Registration of reactor neutrinos with the highly segmented plastic scintillator detector DANSSino

Author

V.B. Brudanin, A. S. Kobyakin, V. A. Belov, I. Zhitnikov, M. Danilov, V. Egorov, V. Rusinov, M. Fomina, A. Starostin, Yu. Shitov, and M. Shirchenko

Subjects
Physics, Operability, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear engineering, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Core (optical fiber), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Neutrino detector, Neutrino, Nuclear power reactor, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

DANSSino is a simplified pilot version of a solid-state detector of reactor antineutrino (it is being created within the DANSS project and will be installed close to an industrial nuclear power reactor). Numerous tests performed under a 3 GW(th) reactor of the Kalinin NPP at a distance of 11 m from the core demonstrate operability of the chosen design and reveal the main sources of the background. In spite of its small size (20x20x100 ccm), the pilot detector turned out to be quite sensitive to reactor neutrinos, detecting about 70 IBD events per day with the signal-to-background ratio about unity., 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables

Published
2013

40. Status of the Baikal-GVD project

Author

O. N. Gaponenko, Evgenii V Rjabov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, V.I. Ljashuk, B. A. Tarashchansky, A.V. Avrorin, R. R. Mirgazov, A. I. Panfilov, A. A. Doroshenko, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, A. G. Kebkal, V.A. Poleshuk, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, M.I. Rozanov, R. Bannasch, D.A. Kuleshov, F.K. Koshel, V.B. Brudanin, O. G. Grishin, S.V. Fialkovsky, K.V. Golubkov, O. A. Gress, V. A. Zhukov, A. S. Yagunov, V. A. Kozhin, N. M. Budnev, S. P. Mikheev, E.N. Pliskovsky, G.V. Domogatsky, V.F. Kulepov, A. M. Klabukov, I. A. Danilchenko, K. V. Konishchev, M.B. Milenin, T. I. Gress, A. A. Sheifler, D. A. Petukhov, A.V. Korobchenko, A. A. Perevalov, A. V. Shirokov, V.F. Rubtsov, A.P. Koshechkin, E.G. Popova, Valery Zurbanov, L. A. Kuzmichev, A. V. Skurikhin, B.A. Shaybonov, A. N. Dyachok, Ch. Spiering, A. Pakhorukov, Olga Suvorova, E. A. Osipova, A. I. Klimov, L. V. Pankov, A. Pan'kov, V. M. Aynutdinov, and D.Yu. Bogorodsky

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Neutrino detector, Pulse circuits, Detector, Neutrino telescope, ddc:530, Underwater, Instrumentation, Technical design, Underwater acoustic communication, Remote sensing
Abstract

The construction of a km 3 -scale neutrino telescope – the Gigaton Volume Detector (GVD) in Lake Baikal – is the central goal of the Baikal collaboration. During the R&D phase of the GVD project in 2008–2010 years the basic elements of GVD – new optical modules, FADC readout units, underwater communications and trigger systems – have been developed, produced and tested in situ by long-term operating prototype strings in Lake Baikal. The prototyping phase of the GVD project has been started in April 2011 with the installation of a three string array (prototype cluster) which comprises all basic elements and systems of the GVD-telescope in Lake Baikal. We describe configuration and technical design of the GVD, present selected results obtained during 2008–2010 with prototype strings, and describe configuration and design of the 2011 prototype cluster.

Published
2012

41. Spectral modeling of scintillator for the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO detectors

Author

J. S. Ricol, Yoichi Tamagawa, Karol Holý, G. Luzón, X. Garrido, A. S. Barabash, Y. Lemière, Ts. Vylov, B. Richards, J. J. Horkley, X. Sarazin, A. Chapon, J. Argyriades, Ph. Hubert, S. Cebrián, Vl.I. Tretyak, F. Mauger, A. Nachab, A. Žukauskas, J. J. Evans, Juergen Thomas, O.I. Kochetov, Luis M. Serra, J. K. Sedgbeer, A. J. Caffrey, D. Lalanne, S. Jullian, S. Söldner-Rembold, G. Szklarz, F. Mamedov, V.B. Brudanin, T. Dafni, Ch. Marquet, M. Bongrand, I. Nasteva, C. H. Nguyen, Ruben Saakyan, N. Yahlali, R. Arnold, L. Simard, I. G. Irastorza, V. E. Kovalenko, C. Hugon, F. Monrabal, R. L. Flack, C.S. Sutton, Guillaume Lutter, N. Fatemi-Ghomi, D. Waters, G. Broudin-Bay, R. Vasiliev, K. Lang, L. Vála, Yorihito Sugaya, F. Nova, H. Ohsumi, S. I. Konovalov, E. Chauveau, Pavel P. Povinec, A.A. Smolnikov, Dominique Durand, M. Kauer, R. B. Pahlka, Robert Thompson, I. Vanyushin, Z. Daraktchieva, J. S. Díaz, P. Novella, V.I. Tretyak, J. Martín-Albo, C. L. Riddle, Nobuhiro Ishihara, V. I. Umatov, C. M. Jackson, B. Guillon, C. Augier, A. Basharina-Freshville, A Rodríguez, F. Piquemal, V. V. Timkin, Ken-Ichi Fushimi, Fedor Šimkovic, Igor Nemchenok, Hector Gomez, J. Baker, Yu. Shitov, S. Kanamaru, F.J. Iguaz, F. Perrot, V. Egorov, A. Holin, I. Stekl, Vit Vorobel, Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and SuperNEMO

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Technology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, CODE, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics, Particles & Fields, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle And Plasma Physics, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Calibration, Plastic scintillators, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Nuclear Science & Technology, Instrumentation, Instruments & Instrumentation, Scintillation, physics.ins-det, Physics, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, MO-100, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Calorimeter, Physics, Nuclear, Physical Sciences, GEANT 4, DOUBLE-BETA DECAY, Optical photon transport
Abstract

We have constructed a GEANT4-based detailed software model of photon transport in plastic scintillator blocks and have used it to study the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO calorimeters employed in experiments designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. We compare our simulations to measurements using conversion electrons from a calibration source of $\rm ^{207}Bi$ and show that the agreement is improved if wavelength-dependent properties of the calorimeter are taken into account. In this article, we briefly describe our modeling approach and results of our studies., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures

Published
2010

42. Results of the BiPo-1 prototype for radiopurity measurements for the SuperNEMO double beta decay source foils

Author

D. Waters, Ruben Saakyan, K. Holy, I. G. Irastorza, Guillaume Lutter, Y. Tamagawa, F. Piquemal, S. I. Konovalov, E. Chauveau, Pavel P. Povinec, D. Breton, Masaharu Nomachi, G. Broudin-Bay, R. Vasiliev, I. Vanyushin, O.I. Kochetov, Y. Lemière, A. S. Barabash, V. Egorov, Vit Vorobel, L. Simard, J. S. Díaz, V.I. Tretyak, V. E. Kovalenko, S. Söldner-Rembold, A. Holin, V. Vasiliev, Nobuhiro Ishihara, K-I. Fushima, A. Chapon, J. Argyriades, N. Yahali, J. J. Evans, C. H. Nguyen, V. V. Timkin, F.J. Iguaz, A Rodríguez, C.S. Sutton, M. Kauer, R. B. Pahlka, X. Garrido, G. Szklarz, C. M. Jackson, C. Hugon, S. Cebrián, G. Luzón, Ch. Marquet, A. Žukauskas, F. Nova, F. Perrot, F. Mauger, V.B. Brudanin, Luis M. Serra, J. K. Sedgbeer, V. I. Umatov, B. Guillon, X. Sarazin, R. Arnold, A. J. Caffrey, B. Richards, R. L. Flack, Fedor Šimkovic, F. Monrabal, Karol Lang, S. Jenzer, T. Dafni, Igor Nemchenok, A. Nachab, F. Mamedov, C. Bourgeois, Juergen Thomas, H. Gómez, C. Augier, J. J. Horkey, M. Briére, M. Bongrand, L. Vála, I. Stekl, J. Baker, Yu. Shitov, J. Hommet, T. Lamhamdi, C. L. Riddle, A. Basharina-Freshville, Ph. Hubert, S. Jullian, Vl.I. Tretyak, H. Ohsumi, Dominique Durand, J. S. Ricol, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universitat de València (UV), and SuperNEMO

Subjects
SuperNEMO, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Radiopurity, Scintillator, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Sensitivity (control systems), Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Active surface area, NEMO-3, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Underground laboratory, BiPo, Majorana neutrino
Abstract

The development of BiPo detectors is dedicated to the measurement of extremely high radiopurity in (TI)-T-208 and Bi-214 for the SuperNEMO double beta decay source foils. A modular prototype, called BiPo-1, with 0.8 m(2) of sensitive surface area, has been running in the Modane Underground Laboratory since February, 2008. The goal of BiPo-1 is to measure the different components of the background and in particular the surface radiopurity of the plastic scintillators that make up the detector. The first phase of data collection has been dedicated to the measurement of the radiopurity in (TI)-T-208. After more than one year of background measurement, a surface activity of the scintillators of A((TI)-T-208) = 1.5 μBq/m(2) is reported here. Given this level of background, a larger BiPo detector having 12 m(2) of active surface area, is able to qualify the radiopurity of the SuperNEMO selenium double beta decay foils with the required sensitivity of A((TI)-T-208), The authors would like to thank the Modane Underground Laboratory staff for their technical support in running BiPo-1, and the IN2P3 Computing Center in Lyon for its software and computing support. This work was supported by the French Grant ANR-06-BLAN-0299 funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, by the Spanish MICINN for the FPA2007-62833, FPA2008-03456 and FPA2006-12120-003 contracts, part of which comes from FEDER funds, by the Russian RFBR 09-02-00737 Grant and by the UK STFC.

Published
2010

43. Measurement of the background in the NEMO 3 double beta decay experiment

Author

O.I. Kochetov, Vl.I. Tretyak, Yu. Shitov, F. Mauger, F. Piquemal, V. Egorov, I. Nasteva, P. Novella, J. Martín-Albo, S. Söldner-Rembold, F. Mamedov, J. Baker, G. Broudin-Bay, K. Lang, V. I. Umatov, S. I. Konovalov, E. Chauveau, N. Fatemi-Ghomi, L. Simard, X. Sarazin, A.A. Smolnikov, I. Vanyushin, A. Nachab, Vl. I. Tretyak, Juergen Thomas, V. Vasiliev, V. V. Timkin, S. W. Snow, Ph. Hubert, Igor Nemchenok, S. King, Vit Vorobel, S. Jullian, Ruben Saakyan, F. Nova, V. E. Kovalenko, Y. Lemière, Guillaume Lutter, M. Bongrand, A. Chapon, J. Argyriades, Z. Daraktchieva, A. S. Barabash, A. Freshville, I. Stekl, C. H. Nguyen, A. J. Caffrey, C.S. Sutton, H. Ohsumi, Dominique Durand, V.B. Brudanin, L. Vála, J. S. Ricol, Ts. Vylov, B. Guillon, D. Lalanne, C. Augier, G. Szklarz, R. Arnold, Ch. Marquet, R. L. Flack, J. L. Reyss, M. Kauer, R. B. Pahlka, F. Perrot, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NEMO, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Signal region, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Radon, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, NEMO, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, skin and connective tissue diseases, Low radioactivity, Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Power (physics), Background, chemistry
Abstract

In the double beta decay experiment NEMO 3 a precise knowledge of the background in the signal region is of outstanding importance. This article presents the methods used in NEMO 3 to evaluate the backgrounds resulting from most if not all possible origins. It also illustrates the power of the combined tracking-calorimetry technique used in the experiment., The authors would like to thank the Modane Underground Laboratory staff for their technical assistance in running the experiment. Portions of this work were supported by Grants from RFBR (nos. 06-02-16672 and 06-02-72553) and by the Russian Federal Agency for Atomic Energy. We acknowledge support by the Grant Agencies of the Czech Republic (MSM 6840770029, LA305 and LC07050).

Published
2009

44. A positioning system for Baikal-GVD

Author

A.V. Avrorin, A.V. Korobchenko, Mark Shelepov, Zhan-Arys Magysovich Dzhilkibaev, B.A. Shaybonov, A.P. Koshechkin, G.B. Safronov, A. N. Dyachok, Rastislav Dvornický, M.V. Kruglov, A. I. Panfilov, Evgeny V. Khramov, R. R. Mirgazov, O.G. Kebkal, A.V. Kozhin, R. Bannash, K.V. Golubkov, Olga Suvorova, M.I. Rozanov, V.F. Kulepov, Evgenii V Rjabov, A.G. Solovjev, B.A. Tarashansky, A. V. Skurikhin, N.S. Gorshkov, V. M. Aynutdinov, E.N. Pliskovsky, Sergey Yakovlev, N. M. Budnev, I. Stekl, R. Ivanov, V.A. Tabolenko, M.K. Kryukov, Aleksandr Gafarov, K.V. Konischev, D. P. Petukhov, T. I. Gress, A. A. Doroshenko, Lukas Fajt, M.N. Sorokovikov, M.M. Kolbin, M.B. Milenin, S.V. Fialkovsky, E. O. Sushenok, V.D. Rushay, V.B. Brudanin, I. A. Belolaptikov, V. Nazari, Konstantin Kebkal, A.D. Avrorin, G.V. Domogatsky, and Fedor Šimkovic

Subjects
Spatial positioning, Timing error, Positioning system, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Photodetector, Neutrino, Geology, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

A cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD is currently under construction in Lake Baikal. Baikal-GVD is designed to detect Cerenkov radiation from products of astrophysical neutrino interactions with Baikal water by a lattice of photodetectors submerged between the depths of 1275 and 730 m. The detector components are mounted on flexible strings and can drift from their initial positions upwards to tens of meters. This introduces positioning uncertainty which translates into a timing error for Cerenkov signal registration. A spatial positioning system has been developed to resolve this issue. In this contribution, we present the status of this system, results of acoustic measurements and an estimate of positioning error for an individual component.

45. Recent progress of the Baikal-GVD project

Author

Mikhail Kuzmich Kryukov, Aleksandr Gafarov, B.A. Tarashansky, K.V. Konischev, A.D. Avrorin, G.V. Domogatsky, R. R. Mirgazov, A. A. Doroshenko, Alexei Gennadevich Solovjev, G.B. Safronov, Mark Shelepov, Vladimir Dmitrievich Rushay, Vahab Nazari, V.M. Aynutdinov, Maksim Viktorovich Kruglov, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, Vicktor Fedorovich Kulepov, Ivan Štekl, Andrei Petrovich Koshechkin, Andrei Ivanovich Panfilov, Zhan-Arys Magysovich Dzhilkibaev, Fedor Šimkovic, E.N. Pliskovsky, Evgenii V Rjabov, R. Bannash, Euvgenii Vladimirovich Khramov, Dmitrii Petrovich Petukhov, S.V. Fialkovsky, T. I. Gress, M.I. Rozanov, Lukas Fajt, Maksim Nikolaevich Sorokovnikov, A.V. Skurihin, V.A. Tabolenko, A.V. Korobchenko, Euvgenii Olegovich Sushenok, M.M. Kolbin, V.B. Brudanin, N. M. Budnev, K.V. Golubkov, Родион Andreevich Ivanov, Oleksiy Geogievich Kebkal, Sergey Yakovlev, V. A. Kozhin, M.B. Milenin, B.A. Shaybonov, A. N. Dyachok, Aleksandr Valentinovich Avrovin, Rastislav Dvornicky, Olga Suvorova, and Nikita Sergeevich Gorshkov

Subjects
Shore, Physics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, law.invention, Relativistic particle, Telescope, law, Cluster (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Effective volume
Abstract

Cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD is currently under construction in Lake Baikal. The detector is specially designed for search for high energies neutrinos whose sources are not yet reliably identified. Since April 2019 the telescope has been successfully operated in complex of five functionally independent clusters i.e. sub-arrays of optical modules where now are hosted 1440 OMs on 40 vertical strings. Each cluster is connected to shore by individual electro-optical cables. The effective volume of the detector for neutrino initiated cascades of relativistic particles with energy above 100 TeV has been increased up to about 0.25 km$^3$. Preliminary results with data samples of 2015-2018 years are discussed.

46. Data quality monitoring system in the Baikal-GVD experiment

Author

Aleksandr Gafarov, D. P. Petukhov, A.V. Kozhin, Olga Suvorova, Evgenii V Rjabov, V.D. Rushay, K.V. Golubkov, E.N. Pliskovsky, N. M. Budnev, R. R. Mirgazov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, A.P. Koshechkin, T. I. Gress, I. A. Belolaptikov, Konstantin Kebkal, B.A. Shaybonov, B.A. Tarashansky, A.V. Korobchenko, Mark Shelepov, Lukas Fajt, A. N. Dyachok, R. Bannash, M.V. Kruglov, Evgeny V. Khramov, K.V. Konischev, V.B. Brudanin, A. I. Panfilov, O.G. Kebkal, M.M. Kolbin, A. A. Doroshenko, A.D. Avrorin, M.I. Rozanov, I. Stekl, R. Ivanov, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, A.G. Solovjev, G.V. Domogatsky, A. V. Skurikhin, V.A. Tabolenko, V. Nazari, V. M. Aynutdinov, M.B. Milenin, Sergey Yakovlev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Fedor Šimkovic, G.B. Safronov, Rastislav Dvornický, A.V. Avrorin, N.S. Gorshkov, S.V. Fialkovsky, and E. O. Sushenok

Subjects
Quality (physics), Computer science, Data quality, Real-time computing, Detector, Experimental data, Monitoring system, Point (geometry)
Abstract

The quality of the incoming experimental data has a significant importance for both analysis and running the experiment. The main point of the Baikal-GVD DQM system is to monitor the status of the detector and obtained data on the run-by-run based analysis. It should be fast enough to be able to provide analysis results to detector shifter and for participation in the global multimessenger system.

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