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47 results on '"Cryogenic Detectors"'

1. Determination of Fractional Electron Capture Probabilities of 125I Using Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters

Author

A. Kaur, M. Loidl, M. Rodrigues, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
instrumentation, Decay energy spectroscopy, detector, metallic magnetic calorimeter, Decay data measurement, spectrum analysis, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, metrology, detection efficiency, Electron capture probabilities, radioactivity, 125I, calorimeter, Cryogenic detectors, General Materials Science, ionizing radiation, nuclear instrumentation
Abstract

International audience; Fractional electron capture probability ratios of 125I were measured using metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs). Due to the 4π geometry of the source embedded in the absorber, detection efficiency of nearly 99% was observed for K, L, M, and N capture events. The fractional capture probabilities were calculated from peak area ratios.

Published
2022
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2. Determination of L-X ray absolute emission intensities of $^{238}$Pu, $^{244}$Cm, $^{237}$Np and $^{233}$Pa radionuclides using a metallic magnetic calorimeter

Author

Valérie Lourenço, Matias Rodrigues, R. Mariam, Martin Loidl, Sylvie Pierre, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
Ionizing radiation, Materials science, Photon, Decay data, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Metrology, Spectral line, Analytical Chemistry, spectrometry, Actinides, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy, X-ray spectrometry, Range (particle radiation), Spectrometer, Metallic magnetic calorimeter, Detector, Primary activity measurement, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Calorimeter, Full width at half maximum, Radioactivity, Cryogenic detectors, Atomic physics
Abstract

International audience; Energy dispersive photon spectrometry is a common analysis technique to quantify radionuclides present in a sample, the analysis is based on the knowledge of the photon emission intensities specific to each radionuclide. Among them, actinides have in general intense emission of L X-rays during the decay. However, their emission intensities are not well known and not detailed in the nuclear and atomic data tables due to the complexity of their spectra that cannot be resolved by conventional semiconductor spectrometers. Using a dedicated high energy resolution cryogenic detector, based on metallic magnetic calorimeter sensor technology, the L X-ray spectra of the decays of 238Pu(α) → 234U, 244Cm(α) → 240Pu, 237Np(α) → 233Pa and 233Pa(β−) → 233U were measured with an energy resolution between 23 eV and 43 eV (full width at half maximum) given access to an unprecedented level of detail. Moreover, the detector was conceived to provide a quasi-constant efficiency in the energy range of the L X-rays, minimizing the uncertainty for relative L X-ray emission intensities. Prior to the measurements, the full energy peak efficiency was carefully characterized, which enabled the determination of absolute emission intensities, with an uncertainty of the order of 1%. Some corrections had to be introduced using Monte Carlo simulations, in particular to take into account the surface activity inhomogeneities of the sources. Total and group L X-ray emission intensities are compared with the available data and with the recommended values. In addition, nearly 30 individual L X-ray intensities are presented. Unlabelled Image •Measurement of tens of L X-ray emission intensities emitted by actinides•A cryogenic spectrometer with an energy resolution of 23 to 43 eV•An intrinsic efficiency close to 100% between 10 keV and 25 keV•Detailed uncertainty contributions from the efficiency and the sources•Comparison of the measured intensities with available data

Published
2022
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3. An automated system to define the optimal operating settings of cryogenic calorimeters

Author

S. Di Domizio, Irene Nutini, L. Canonica, L. Marini, G. Pessina, Paolo Carniti, Andrea Giachero, K. Alfonso, Claudio Gotti, C. Bucci, Alfonso, K, Bucci, C, Canonica, L, Carniti, P, Di Domizio, S, Giachero, A, Gotti, C, Marini, L, Nutini, I, and Pessina, G

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Data processing method, FOS: Physical sciences, Cryogenic detector, 01 natural sciences, Cryogenic detectors, Cryogenics and thermal models, Data processing methods, Double-beta decay detectors, Set (abstract data type), Cryogenics and thermal model, CUORE, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic engineering, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Thermistor, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Double-beta decay detector, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Cryogenic macro-calorimeters instrumented with NTD thermistors have been developed for several decades. The choice of the optimal bias current is crucial for a proper operation of these detectors, both in terms of energy resolution and stability. In this paper we present a set of automatic measurements and analysis procedures for the characterization and optimization of the working configuration of the NTD thermistors. The presented procedures were developed for CUORE , an array of 988 cryogenic macro-calorimeters instrumented with NTD thermistors that has been taking data since 2017. These procedures made it possible to characterize a large number of detectors in a reliable way. They are suitable enough to be used also in other large arrays of cryogenic detectors, such as CUPID.

Published
2021

4. The cryogenic anticoincidence detector for ATHENA X-IFU: advancement in the project

Author

Guido Torrioli, Simone Lotti, M. D'Andrea, M. Fiorini, Luigi Piro, Michele Biasotti, A. Argan, E. Cavazzuti, Michela Uslenghi, Flavio Gatti, Simonetta Puccetti, Daniele Brienza, Gabriele Minervini, L. Ferrari Barusso, Claudio Macculi, Fabio Chiarello, M. Rigano, and A. Volpe

Subjects
Physics, Chipset, Pixel, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Detector, Geant4, Cosmic ray, Technology readiness level, Observatory, Anticoincidence, Athena, Cryogenic detectors, TES, Electronics, Aerospace engineering, business
Abstract

The Athena observatory is the second large class ESA mission to be launched on early 2030’s. One of the two on board instruments is the X-IFU, which is a TES based kilo-pixels array able to perform simultaneous high grade energy spectroscopy (2.5eV@7keV) and imaging over the 5' FoV. The X-IFU sensitivity is degraded by primary particles background (bkg) of both solar and Galactic Cosmic Rays origin, and secondary electrons produced by primaries interacting with the materials surrounding the detector. The TES-array main sensor therefore needs a Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector (CryoAC) to veto as much as possible such particles. The required residual bkg is 0.005 cts/cm2 /s/keV in 2-10 keV energy bandwidth. The CryoAC is at present baselined as 4 pixels detector made of Silicon suspended absorbers sensed by a network of IrAu TESes, and placed at a distance < 1 mm below the TES-array. On November 2019, Athena has successfully passed the Mission Formulation Review (MFR), thus entering in Phase B. Next close goal is the MAR (Mission Adoption Review) planned in second half of 2022 where all the critical technologies must demonstrate a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) equal to 5. Here we will provide an overview of the CryoAC program advancement involving: 1) the present particle background assessment; 2) the assembly design concept and the related trade-off studies between the present baseline (4 pixels) against a monolithic solution (1 pixel); 2) the technology status (i.e., some results from the integrated chipset test; warm electronics). We will conclude with programmatic aspects.

Published
2020
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5. TES Bolometer Arrays for the QUBIC B-Mode CMB Experiment

Author

F. Piacentini, S. Loucatos, A. Zullo, C. Oriol, J.-Ch. Hamilton, Silvia Masi, Peter Timbie, F. Columbro, P. A. R. Ade, Francesco Cavaliere, S. Azzoni, M. Gómez Berisso, G. Amico, J. G. Alberro, D. Buzi, A. Bottani, A. Passerini, J. Bonis, Steve Torchinsky, V. Gilles, A. Pelosi, J. Aumont, Nicola Vittorio, B. Maffei, C. Chapron, Michel Piat, J. Bonaparte, Bruce Rafael Mellado Garcia, E. Olivieri, Alessandro Coppolecchia, Giampaolo Pisano, François Pajot, A. Fasciszewski, Luca Lamagna, Emory F. Bunn, Alejandro Almela, M. E. García Redondo, M. Platino, L. M. Mundo, W. Marty, R. Charlassier, J.-P. Thermeau, C. Kristukat, Federico Pezzotta, S. Marnieros, J. Kaplan, D. Fracchia, Andrea Tartari, A. Mattei, G. de Gasperis, M. De Leo, D. T. Hoang, Y. Giraud-Heraud, B. Bélier, P. Ringegni, M. De Petris, N. Bleurvacq, Massimo Gervasi, Cristian Franceschet, G. Stankowiak, E. Jules, Andrew May, Gustavo E. Romero, F. Incardona, Marcin Gradziel, J.M. Salum, S. Dheilly, L. Mele, P. de Bernardis, H. Pastoriza, D. Harari, F. Voisin, P. Battaglia, Alessandro Schillaci, S. Spinelli, L.P. Ferreyro, M. Gaspard, M. Tomasi, A. Etchegoyen, Marco Bersanelli, D. Viganò, Mario Zannoni, D. Prêle, S. Scully, A. Mennella, M. M. Gamboa Lerena, Créidhe O'Sullivan, Laurent Bergé, Gianluca Polenta, D. Bennett, J. D. Murphy, M. González, Alessandro Paiella, Damien Rambaud, F. Wicek, Mark McCulloch, Lucio Piccirillo, Thibaut Louis, Sophie Henrot-Versille, J.-Ph. Bernard, M. Stolpovskiy, D. Burke, C. Perbost, J. A. Murphy, P. Chanial, L. A. Montier, Roberto Puddu, Elia S. Battistelli, D. Gayer, S. Banfi, Gregory S. Tucker, L. Grandsire, Giuseppe D'Alessandro, Martin Giard, M.-A. Bigot-Sazy, Federico Nati, M. Perciballi, L. Dumoulin, L. H. Arnaldi, Simon J. Melhuish, A. Baù, L. Mousset, Maria Salatino, D. Auguste, C. Scóccola, Carole Tucker, K. Ganga, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marnieros, S, Ade, P, Alberro, J, Almela, A, Amico, G, Arnaldi, L, Auguste, D, Aumont, J, Azzoni, S, Banfi, S, Battaglia, P, Battistelli, E, Bau, A, Belier, B, Bennett, D, Berge, L, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bigot-Sazy, M, Bleurvacq, N, Bonaparte, J, Bonis, J, Bottani, A, Bunn, E, Burke, D, Buzi, D, Cavaliere, F, Chanial, P, Chapron, C, Charlassier, R, Columbro, F, Coppolecchia, A, D'Alessandro, G, de Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Leo, M, De Petris, M, Dheilly, S, Dumoulin, L, Etchegoyen, A, Fasciszewski, A, Ferreyro, L, Fracchia, D, Franceschet, C, Gamboa Lerena, M, Ganga, K, Garcia, B, Garcia Redondo, M, Gaspard, M, Gayer, D, Gervasi, M, Giard, M, Gilles, V, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gomez Berisso, M, Gonzalez, M, Gradziel, M, Grandsire, L, Hamilton, J, Harari, D, Henrot-Versille, S, Hoang, D, Incardona, F, Jules, E, Kaplan, J, Kristukat, C, Lamagna, L, Loucatos, S, Louis, T, Maffei, B, Marty, W, Masi, S, Mattei, A, May, A, Mcculloch, M, Mele, L, Melhuish, S, Mennella, A, Montier, L, Mousset, L, Mundo, L, Murphy, J, Nati, F, Olivieri, E, Oriol, C, O'Sullivan, C, Paiella, A, Pajot, F, Passerini, A, Pastoriza, H, Pelosi, A, Perbost, C, Perciballi, M, Pezzotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Platino, M, Polenta, G, Prele, D, Puddu, R, Rambaud, D, Ringegni, P, Romero, G, Salatino, M, Salum, J, Schillaci, A, Scoccola, C, Scully, S, Spinelli, S, Stankowiak, G, Stolpovskiy, M, Tartari, A, Thermeau, J, Timbie, P, Tomasi, M, Torchinsky, S, Tucker, G, Tucker, C, Vigano, D, Vittorio, N, Voisin, F, Wicek, F, Zannoni, M, and Zullo, A

Subjects
Fabrication, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Cosmic microwave background, Cryogenic detector, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, business.industry, Settore FIS/05, Transition edge sensors, Bolometer, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Interferometry, Cryogenic detectors, business
Abstract

International audience; QUBIC is a ground-based experiment aiming to measure the B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background. The developed instrument is an innovative two-frequency band bolometric interferometer that will operate at 300 mK with NbSi TES arrays. In this paper, we describe the fabrication process of the detectors.

Published
2020
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6. Arrays of Sub-Terahertz Cryogenic Metamaterial

Author

Artem Chekushkin, Mikhail Tarasov, Aleksei Kalaboukhov, Vyacheslav Vdovin, and A. A. Gunbina

Subjects
frequency-selective surfaces, Technology, Materials science, QH301-705.5, Phased array, Terahertz radiation, QC1-999, MM and subMM waves, Physics::Optics, metamaterial, Signal, Optics, cryogenic detectors, Astronomical interferometer, General Materials Science, Biology (General), QD1-999, Instrumentation, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, cryogenic filters, business.industry, Physics, Process Chemistry and Technology, Detector, General Engineering, Metamaterial, Dissipation, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Computer Science Applications, Chemistry, antenna arrays, TA1-2040, Antenna (radio), business
Abstract

Integrated quasi-optical cryogenic terahertz receivers contain arrays of detectors, quasi-optical filters, interferometers, and other metamaterials. Matrices of quasi-optical band-pass, low-pass, and high-pass filters, Fabry–Perot grid interferometers, and arrays of half-wave and electrically small antennas with superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor (SINIS) sub-terahertz wavelength range detectors were fabricated and experimentally studied on the same computational, technological, and experimental platform. For the design of the filters, we used the periodic frequency-selective surfaces (FSS) approach, contrary to detector arrays that can be presented in a model of distributed absorbers. The structures were fabricated using direct electron beam lithography, thermal shadow evaporation, lift-off, alternatively magnetron sputtering, and chemical and plasma etching. The numerical simulation methods of such structures are sufficiently different: for the reactive matrices with low losses, the approximation of an infinite structure with periodic boundary conditions is applicable, and for the arrays of detectors with dissipative elements of absorbers, a complete analysis of the finite structure with hundreds of interacting ports is applicable. The difference is determined by the presence of dissipation in the detector arrays, the phase of the reflected or re-emitted signal turned out to be undefined and the Floquet periodic boundary conditions are correct only for a phased array antenna. The spectral characteristics of the created filters, interferometers, and antenna arrays were measured in the frequency range 50–600 GHz.

Published
2021
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7. Design and construction of a new detector to measure ultra-low radioactive-isotope contamination of argon

Author

C.E. Aalseth, S. Abdelhakim, F. Acerbi, P. Agnes, R. Ajaj, I.F.M. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. Alici, A.K. Alton, P. Amaudruz, F. Ameli, J. Anstey, P. Antonioli, M. Arba, S. Arcelli, R. Ardito, I.J. Arnquist, P. Arpaia, D.M. Asner, A. Asunskis, M. Ave, H.O. Back, V. Barbaryan, A. Barrado Olmedo, G. Batignani, M.G. Bisogni, V. Bocci, A. Bondar, G. Bonfini, W. Bonivento, E. Borisova, B. Bottino, M.G. Boulay, R. Bunker, S. Bussino, A. Buzulutskov, M. Cadeddu, M. Cadoni, A. Caminata, N. Canci, A. Candela, C. Cantini, M. Caravati, M. Cariello, F. Carnesecchi, M. Carpinelli, A. Castellani, P. Castello, S. Catalanotti, V. Cataudella, P. Cavalcante, D. Cavazza, S. Cavuoti, S. Cebrian, J.M. Cela Ruiz, B. Celano, R. Cereseto, W. Cheng, A. Chepurnov, C. Cicalò, L. Cifarelli, M. Citterio, F. Coccetti, A.G. Cocco, V. Cocco, M. Colocci, L. Consiglio, F. Cossio, G. Covone, P. Crivelli, I. D'Antone, M. D'Incecco, D. D'Urso, M.D. Da Rocha Rolo, O. Dadoun, M. Daniel, S. Davini, A. De Candia, S. De Cecco, M. De Deo, A. De Falco, G. De Filippis, D. De Gruttola, G. De Guido, G. De Rosa, G. Dellacasa, P. Demontis, S. DePaquale, A.V. Derbin, A. Devoto, F. Di Eusanio, L. Di Noto, G. Di Pietro, P. Di Stefano, C. Dionisi, G. Dolganov, F. Dordei, M. Downing, F. Edalatfar, A. Empl, M. Fernandez Diaz, A. Ferri, C. Filip, G. Fiorillo, K. Fomenko, A. Franceschi, D. Franco, G.E. Froudakis, F. Gabriele, A. Gabrieli, C. Galbiati, M. Garbini, P. Garcia Abia, D. Gascón Fora, A. Gendotti, C. Ghiano, A. Ghisi, S. Giagu, P. Giampa, R.A. Giampaolo, C. Giganti, M.A. Giorgi, G.K. Giovanetti, M.L. Gligan, A. Gola, O. Gorchakov, M. Grab, R. Graciani Diaz, F. Granato, M. Grassi, J.W. Grate, G.Y. Grigoriev, A. Grobov, M. Gromov, M. Guan, M.B.B. Guerra, M. Guerzoni, M. Gulino, R.K. Haaland, B.R. Hackett, A. Hallin, B. Harrop, E.W. Hoppe, S. Horikawa, B. Hosseini, F. Hubaut, P. Humble, E.V. Hungerford, An. Ianni, A. Ilyasov, V. Ippolito, C. Jillings, K. Keeter, C.L. Kendziora, S. Kim, I. Kochanek, K. Kondo, G. Kopp, D. Korablev, G. Korga, A. Kubankin, R. Kugathasan, M. Kuss, M. Kuźniak, M. La Commara, L. La Delfa, M. Lai, S. Langrock, M. Lebois, B. Lehnert, N. Levashko, X. Li, Q. Liqiang, M. Lissia, G.U. Lodi, G. Longo, R. López Manzano, R. Lussana, L. Luzzi, A.A. Machado, I.N. Machulin, A. Mandarano, L. Mapelli, M. Marcante, A. Margotti, S.M. Mari, M. Mariani, J. Maricic, M. Marinelli, D. Marras, M. Martínez, J.J. Martínez Morales, A.D. Martinez Rojas, C.J. Martoff, M. Mascia, J. Mason, A. Masoni, A. Mazzi, A.B. McDonald, A. Messina, P.D. Meyers, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, A. Moggi, S. Moioli, J. Monroe, M. Morrocchi, T. Mroz, W. Mu, V.N. Muratova, S. Murphy, C. Muscas, P. Musico, R. Nania, T. Napolitano, A. Navrer Agasson, M. Nessi, I. Nikulin, A. Oleinik, V. Oleynikov, M. Orsini, F. Ortica, L. Pagani, M. Pallavicini, S. Palmas, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, G. Paternoster, F. Pazzona, S. Peeters, P.A. Pegoraro, K. Pelczar, L.A. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, N. Pelliccia, F. Perotti, V. Pesudo, E. Picciau, C. Piemonte, F. Pietropaolo, A. Pocar, T.R. Pollmann, D. Portaluppi, S.S. Poudel, P. Pralavorio, D. Price, B. Radics, F. Raffaelli, F. Ragusa, M. Razeti, A. Razeto, V. Regazzoni, C. Regenfus, A.L. Renshaw, S. Rescia, M. Rescigno, F. Retiere, L.P. Rignanese, A. Rivetti, A. Romani, L. Romero, N. Rossi, A. Rubbia, D. Sablone, P. Sala, P. Salatino, O. Samoylov, E. Sánchez García, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sant, D. Santone, R. Santorelli, C. Savarese, E. Scapparone, B. Schlitzer, G. Scioli, E. Segreto, A. Seifert, D.A. Semenov, A. Shchagin, A. Sheshukov, S. Siddhanta, M. Simeone, P.N. Singh, P. Skensved, M.D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, G. Sobrero, A. Sokolov, A. Sotnikov, R. Stainforth, A. Steri, S. Stracka, V. Strickland, G.B. Suffritti, S. Sulis, Y. Suvorov, A.M. Szelc, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, T. Thorpe, A. Tonazzo, A. Tosi, M. Tuveri, E.V. Unzhakov, G. Usai, A. Vacca, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, M. Verducci, T. Viant, S. Viel, F. Villa, A. Vishneva, R.B. Vogelaar, M. Wada, J. Wahl, J.J. Walding, H. Wang, Y. Wang, S. Westerdale, R.J. Wheadon, R. Williams, J. Wilson, Marcin Wojcik, Mariusz Wojcik, S. Wu, X. Xiao, C. Yang, Z. Ye, M. Zuffa, G. Zuzel, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, Italy, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut Fédératif de Recherche en Sciences et Ingénierie de la Santé (IFRESIS-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IFR143, University of Surrey (UNIS), Aalseth, C, Abdelhakim, S, Acerbi, F, Agnes, P, Ajaj, R, Albuquerque, I, Alexander, T, Alici, A, Alton, A, Amaudruz, P, Ameli, F, Anstey, J, Antonioli, P, Arba, M, Arcelli, S, Ardito, R, Arnquist, I, Arpaia, P, Asner, D, Asunskis, A, Ave, M, Back, H, Barbaryan, V, Barrado Olmedo, A, Batignani, G, Bisogni, M, Bocci, V, Bondar, A, Bonfini, G, Bonivento, W, Borisova, E, Bottino, B, Boulay, M, Bunker, R, Bussino, S, Buzulutskov, A, Cadeddu, M, Cadoni, M, Caminata, A, Canci, N, Candela, A, Cantini, C, Caravati, M, Cariello, M, Carnesecchi, F, Carpinelli, M, Castellani, A, Castello, P, Catalanotti, S, Cataudella, V, Cavalcante, P, Cavazza, D, Cavuoti, S, Cebrian, S, Cela Ruiz, J, Celano, B, Cereseto, R, Cheng, W, Chepurnov, A, Cicalo, C, Cifarelli, L, Citterio, M, Coccetti, F, Cocco, A, Cocco, V, Colocci, M, Consiglio, L, Cossio, F, Covone, G, Crivelli, P, D'Antone, I, D'Incecco, M, D'Urso, D, da Rocha Rolo, M, Dadoun, O, Daniel, M, Davini, S, de Candia, A, de Cecco, S, de Deo, M, de Falco, A, de Filippis, G, de Gruttola, D, de Guido, G, de Rosa, G, Dellacasa, G, Demontis, P, Depaquale, S, Derbin, A, Devoto, A, Di Eusanio, F, Di Noto, L, Di Pietro, G, Di Stefano, P, Dionisi, C, Dolganov, G, Dordei, F, Downing, M, Edalatfar, F, Empl, A, Fernandez Diaz, M, Ferri, A, Filip, C, Fiorillo, G, Fomenko, K, Franceschi, A, Franco, D, Froudakis, G, Gabriele, F, Gabrieli, A, Galbiati, C, Garbini, M, Garcia Abia, P, Gascon Fora, D, Gendotti, A, Ghiano, C, Ghisi, A, Giagu, S, Giampa, P, Giampaolo, R, Giganti, C, Giorgi, M, Giovanetti, G, Gligan, M, Gola, A, Gorchakov, O, Grab, M, Graciani Diaz, R, Granato, F, Grassi, M, Grate, J, Grigoriev, G, Grobov, A, Gromov, M, Guan, M, Guerra, M, Guerzoni, M, Gulino, M, Haaland, R, Hackett, B, Hallin, A, Harrop, B, Hoppe, E, Horikawa, S, Hosseini, B, Hubaut, F, Humble, P, Hungerford, E, Ianni, A, Ilyasov, A, Ippolito, V, Jillings, C, Keeter, K, Kendziora, C, Kim, S, Kochanek, I, Kondo, K, Kopp, G, Korablev, D, Korga, G, Kubankin, A, Kugathasan, R, Kuss, M, Kuzniak, M, la Commara, M, la Delfa, L, Lai, M, Langrock, S, Lebois, M, Lehnert, B, Levashko, N, Li, X, Liqiang, Q, Lissia, M, Lodi, G, Longo, G, Lopez Manzano, R, Lussana, R, Luzzi, L, Machado, A, Machulin, I, Mandarano, A, Mapelli, L, Marcante, M, Margotti, A, Mari, S, Mariani, M, Maricic, J, Marinelli, M, Marras, D, Martinez, M, Martinez Morales, J, Martinez Rojas, A, Martoff, C, Mascia, M, Mason, J, Masoni, A, Mazzi, A, Mcdonald, A, Messina, A, Meyers, P, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Moggi, A, Moioli, S, Monroe, J, Morrocchi, M, Mroz, T, Mu, W, Muratova, V, Murphy, S, Muscas, C, Musico, P, Nania, R, Napolitano, T, Navrer Agasson, A, Nessi, M, Nikulin, I, Oleinik, A, Oleynikov, V, Orsini, M, Ortica, F, Pagani, L, Pallavicini, M, Palmas, S, Pandola, L, Pantic, E, Paoloni, E, Paternoster, G, Pazzona, F, Peeters, S, Pegoraro, P, Pelczar, K, Pellegrini, L, Pellegrino, C, Pelliccia, N, Perotti, F, Pesudo, V, Picciau, E, Piemonte, C, Pietropaolo, F, Pocar, A, Pollmann, T, Portaluppi, D, Poudel, S, Pralavorio, P, Price, D, Radics, B, Raffaelli, F, Ragusa, F, Razeti, M, Razeto, A, Regazzoni, V, Regenfus, C, Renshaw, A, Rescia, S, Rescigno, M, Retiere, F, Rignanese, L, Rivetti, A, Romani, A, Romero, L, Rossi, N, Rubbia, A, Sablone, D, Sala, P, Salatino, P, Samoylov, O, Sanchez Garcia, E, Sanfilippo, S, Sant, M, Santone, D, Santorelli, R, Savarese, C, Scapparone, E, Schlitzer, B, Scioli, G, Segreto, E, Seifert, A, Semenov, D, Shchagin, A, Sheshukov, A, Siddhanta, S, Simeone, M, Singh, P, Skensved, P, Skorokhvatov, M, Smirnov, O, Sobrero, G, Sokolov, A, Sotnikov, A, Stainforth, R, Steri, A, Stracka, S, Strickland, V, Suffritti, G, Sulis, S, Suvorov, Y, Szelc, A, Tartaglia, R, Testera, G, Thorpe, T, Tonazzo, A, Tosi, A, Tuveri, M, Unzhakov, E, Usai, G, Vacca, A, Vazquez-Jauregui, E, Verducci, M, Viant, T, Viel, S, Villa, F, Vishneva, A, Vogelaar, R, Wada, M, Wahl, J, Walding, J, Wang, H, Wang, Y, Westerdale, S, Wheadon, R, Williams, R, Wilson, J, Wojcik, M, Wu, S, Xiao, X, Yang, C, Ye, Z, Zuffa, M, Zuzel, G, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Fédératif de Recherche en Sciences et Ingénierie de la Santé (IFRESIS), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne (ENSM ST-ETIENNE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aalseth, C. E., Abdelhakim, S., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Ajaj, R., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Ameli, F., Anstey, J., Antonioli, P., Arba, M., Arcelli, S., Ardito, R., Arnquist, I. J., Arpaia, P., Asner, D. M., Asunskis, A., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Barbaryan, V., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Batignani, G., Bisogni, M. G., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Borisova, E., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carnesecchi, F., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Castello, P., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavazza, D., Cavuoti, S., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. M. Cela, Celano, B., Cereseto, R., Cheng, W., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Citterio, M., Coccetti, F., Cocco, A. G., Cocco, V., Colocci, M., Consiglio, L., Cossio, F., Covone, G., Crivelli, P., D'Antone, I., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Dadoun, O., Daniel, M., Davini, S., Candia, A. De, Cecco, S. De, Deo, M. De, Falco, A. De, Filippis, G. De, Gruttola, D. De, Guido, G. De, Rosa, G. De, Dellacasa, G., Demontis, P., Depaquale, S., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Eusanio, F. Di, Noto, L. Di, Pietro, G. Di, Stefano, P. Di, Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Downing, M., Edalatfar, F., Empl, A., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Ferri, A., Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franceschi, A., Franco, D., Froudakis, G. E., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Fora, D. Gascón, Gendotti, A., Ghiano, C., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Giampa, P., Giampaolo, R. A., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M. A., Giovanetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Gola, A., Gorchakov, O., Grab, M., Diaz, R. Graciani, Granato, F., Grassi, M., Grate, J. W., Grigoriev, G. Y., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerra, M. B. B., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Haaland, R. K., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Harrop, B., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Hosseini, B., Hubaut, F., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ilyasov, A., Ippolito, V., Jillings, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kim, S., Kochanek, I., Kondo, K., Kopp, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kugathasan, R., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., Commara, M. La, Delfa, L. La, Lai, M., Langrock, S., Lebois, M., Lehnert, B., Levashko, N., Li, X., Liqiang, Q., Lissia, M., Lodi, G. U., Longo, G., Manzano, R. López, Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Marras, D., Martínez, M., Morales, J. J. Martínez, Rojas, A. D. Martinez, Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Mason, J., Masoni, A., Mazzi, A., Mcdonald, A. B., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Morrocchi, M., Mroz, T., Mu, W., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, S., Muscas, C., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, T., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nessi, M., Nikulin, I., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pazzona, F., Peeters, S., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pellegrino, C., Pelliccia, N., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Picciau, E., Piemonte, C., Pietropaolo, F., Pocar, A., Pollmann, T. R., Portaluppi, D., Poudel, S. S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Radics, B., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Renshaw, A. L., Rescia, S., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Rivetti, A., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, N., Rubbia, A., Sablone, D., Sala, P., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., García, E. Sánchez, Sanfilippo, S., Sant, M., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Segreto, E., Seifert, A., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Siddhanta, S., Simeone, M., Singh, P. N., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sobrero, G., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Stainforth, R., Steri, A., Stracka, S., Strickland, V., Suffritti, G. B., Sulis, S., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Thorpe, T., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Tuveri, M., Unzhakov, E. V., Usai, G., Vacca, A., Vázquez-Jáuregui, E., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Viel, S., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Wahl, J., Walding, J. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wheadon, R. J., Williams, R., Wilson, J., Wojcik, Marcin, Wojcik, Mariusz, Wu, S., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zuffa, M., Zuzel, G., Aalseth C.E., Abdelhakim S., Acerbi F., Agnes P., Ajaj R., Albuquerque I.F.M., Alexander T., Alici A., Alton A.K., Amaudruz P., Ameli F., Anstey J., Antonioli P., Arba M., Arcelli S., Ardito R., Arnquist I.J., Arpaia P., Asner D.M., Asunskis A., Ave M., Back H.O., Barbaryan V., Barrado Olmedo A., Batignani G., Bisogni M.G., Bocci V., Bondar A., Bonfini G., Bonivento W., Borisova E., Bottino B., Boulay M.G., Bunker R., Bussino S., Buzulutskov A., Cadeddu M., Cadoni M., Caminata A., Canci N., Candela A., Cantini C., Caravati M., Cariello M., Carnesecchi F., Carpinelli M., Castellani A., Castello P., Catalanotti S., Cataudella V., Cavalcante P., Cavazza D., Cavuoti S., Cebrian S., Cela Ruiz J.M., Celano B., Cereseto R., Cheng W., Chepurnov A., Cicalo C., Cifarelli L., Citterio M., Coccetti F., Cocco A.G., Cocco V., Colocci M., Consiglio L., Cossio F., Covone G., Crivelli P., D'Antone I., D'Incecco M., D'Urso D., da Rocha Rolo M.D., Dadoun O., Daniel M., Davini S., de Candia A., de Cecco S., de Deo M., de Falco A., de Filippis G., de Gruttola D., de Guido G., de Rosa G., Dellacasa G., Demontis P., DePaquale S., Derbin A.V., Devoto A., Di Eusanio F., Di Noto L., Di Pietro G., Di Stefano P., Dionisi C., Dolganov G., Dordei F., Downing M., Edalatfar F., Empl A., Fernandez Diaz M., Ferri A., Filip C., Fiorillo G., Fomenko K., Franceschi A., Franco D., Froudakis G.E., Gabriele F., Gabrieli A., Galbiati C., Garbini M., Garcia Abia P., Gascon Fora D., Gendotti A., Ghiano C., Ghisi A., Giagu S., Giampa P., Giampaolo R.A., Giganti C., Giorgi M.A., Giovanetti G.K., Gligan M.L., Gola A., Gorchakov O., Grab M., Graciani Diaz R., Granato F., Grassi M., Grate J.W., Grigoriev G.Y., Grobov A., Gromov M., Guan M., Guerra M.B.B., Guerzoni M., Gulino M., Haaland R.K., Hackett B.R., Hallin A., Harrop B., Hoppe E.W., Horikawa S., Hosseini B., Hubaut F., Humble P., Hungerford E.V., Ianni An., Ilyasov A., Ippolito V., Jillings C., Keeter K., Kendziora C.L., Kim S., Kochanek I., Kondo K., Kopp G., Korablev D., Korga G., Kubankin A., Kugathasan R., Kuss M., Kuzniak M., la Commara M., la Delfa L., Lai M., Langrock S., Lebois M., Lehnert B., Levashko N., Li X., Liqiang Q., Lissia M., Lodi G.U., Longo G., Lopez Manzano R., Lussana R., Luzzi L., Machado A.A., Machulin I.N., Mandarano A., Mapelli L., Marcante M., Margotti A., Mari S.M., Mariani M., Maricic J., Marinelli M., Marras D., Martinez M., Martinez Morales J.J., Martinez Rojas A.D., Martoff C.J., Mascia M., Mason J., Masoni A., Mazzi A., McDonald A.B., Messina A., Meyers P.D., Miletic T., Milincic R., Moggi A., Moioli S., Monroe J., Morrocchi M., Mroz T., Mu W., Muratova V.N., Murphy S., Muscas C., Musico P., Nania R., Napolitano T., Navrer Agasson A., Nessi M., Nikulin I., Oleinik A., Oleynikov V., Orsini M., Ortica F., Pagani L., Pallavicini M., Palmas S., Pandola L., Pantic E., Paoloni E., Paternoster G., Pazzona F., Peeters S., Pegoraro P.A., Pelczar K., Pellegrini L.A., Pellegrino C., Pelliccia N., Perotti F., Pesudo V., Picciau E., Piemonte C., Pietropaolo F., Pocar A., Pollmann T.R., Portaluppi D., Poudel S.S., Pralavorio P., Price D., Radics B., Raffaelli F., Ragusa F., Razeti M., Razeto A., Regazzoni V., Regenfus C., Renshaw A.L., Rescia S., Rescigno M., Retiere F., Rignanese L.P., Rivetti A., Romani A., Romero L., Rossi N., Rubbia A., Sablone D., Sala P., Salatino P., Samoylov O., Sanchez Garcia E., Sanfilippo S., Sant M., Santone D., Santorelli R., Savarese C., Scapparone E., Schlitzer B., Scioli G., Segreto E., Seifert A., Semenov D.A., Shchagin A., Sheshukov A., Siddhanta S., Simeone M., Singh P.N., Skensved P., Skorokhvatov M.D., Smirnov O., Sobrero G., Sokolov A., Sotnikov A., Stainforth R., Steri A., Stracka S., Strickland V., Suffritti G.B., Sulis S., Suvorov Y., Szelc A.M., Tartaglia R., Testera G., Thorpe T., Tonazzo A., Tosi A., Tuveri M., Unzhakov E.V., Usai G., Vacca A., Vazquez-Jauregui E., Verducci M., Viant T., Viel S., Villa F., Vishneva A., Vogelaar R.B., Wada M., Wahl J., Walding J.J., Wang H., Wang Y., Westerdale S., Wheadon R.J., Williams R., Wilson J., Wojcik M., Wu S., Xiao X., Yang C., Ye Z., Zuffa M., Zuzel G., Barrado Olmedo, A., Cela Ruiz, J. M., Da Rocha Rolo, M. D., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Falco, A., De Filippis, G., De Gruttola, D., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Di Eusanio, F., Di Noto, L., Di Pietro, G., Di Stefano, P., Fernandez Diaz, M., Garcia Abia, P., Gascón Fora, D., Graciani Diaz, R., La Commara, M., La Delfa, L., López Manzano, R., Martínez Morales, J. J., Martinez Rojas, A. D., Navrer Agasson, A., Sánchez García, E., and Szelcc, A. M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, gas and liquid scintillators), axions, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.), 0302 clinical medicine, Recoil, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.), Cryogenic detectors, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, Cryogenic detectors, Scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas, liquid scintillators), Scintillators, etc.), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Scintillation and light emission processes (solid, Time projection chamber, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), double-phase), Dark Matter detectors(WIMPs, axions, etc.), Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes(solid, gas and liquid scintillators), scintillation and light emission processes(solid, Weakly interacting massive particles, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Dark matter, Cryogenic detector, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, gas, ionization, 0103 physical sciences, liquid scintillators), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, Scintillator, Dark Matter detectors(WIMPs, chemistry, astro-ph.IM, ArDM
Abstract

Large liquid argon detectors offer one of the best avenues for the detection of galactic weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) via their scattering on atomic nuclei. The liquid argon target allows exquisite discrimination between nuclear and electron recoil signals via pulse-shape discrimination of the scintillation signals. Atmospheric argon (AAr), however, has a naturally occurring radioactive isotope, $^{39}$Ar, a $\beta$ emitter of cosmogenic origin. For large detectors, the atmospheric $^{39}$Ar activity poses pile-up concerns. The use of argon extracted from underground wells, deprived of $^{39}$Ar, is key to the physics potential of these experiments. The DarkSide-20k dark matter search experiment will operate a dual-phase time projection chamber with 50 tonnes of radio-pure underground argon (UAr), that was shown to be depleted of $^{39}$Ar with respect to AAr by a factor larger than 1400. Assessing the $^{39}$Ar content of the UAr during extraction is crucial for the success of DarkSide-20k, as well as for future experiments of the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration (GADMC). This will be carried out by the DArT in ArDM experiment, a small chamber made with extremely radio-pure materials that will be placed at the centre of the ArDM detector, in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) in Spain. The ArDM LAr volume acts as an active veto for background radioactivity, mostly $\gamma$-rays from the ArDM detector materials and the surrounding rock. This article describes the DArT in ArDM project, including the chamber design and construction, and reviews the background required to achieve the expected performance of the detector., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures. Corresponding author: E. S\'anchez Garc\'ia

Published
2020
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8. Integrated front-end electronics for single photon time-stamping in cryogenic dark matter detectors

Author

Ramshan Kugathasan

Subjects
Photon, Clock rate, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Silicon photomultiplier, Application-specific integrated circuit, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, Front-end electronics for detector readout, 0103 physical sciences, ionization, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Pixel, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, double-phase), Chip, CMOS, Optoelectronics, Cryogenic detectors, business, Digital electronic circuits
Abstract

ALCOR is a first prototype of a 32-pixel low-power mixed-signal ASIC developed to readout silicon photomultipliers at low temperature. The chip, designed in 110 nm CMOS technology, performs single photon time-stamping with a maximum event rate of 5 MHz per pixel. The time measurement is performed using low-power TDCs based on analogue time interpolation. The time binning achievable at maximum clock frequency is 50 ps and the target power consumption is less than 5 mW per pixel. Generated data are serialised and transmitted through LVDS drivers. To assert the CMOS electronic behaviour at 77 K, a Test Chip has been produced and tested. Results of a digital synchronisation circuit are reported and discussed.

Published
2020

9. Light Dark Matter Search with a High-Resolution Athermal Phonon Detector Operated Above Ground

Author

E. Azadbakht, C. W. Fink, C. Cartaro, R. Mahapatra, M. A. Bowles, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, H. Neog, R. A. Cameron, John L. Orrell, C. Bathurst, R. Calkins, D. A. Bauer, S. S. Poudel, D. MacDonell, V. Novati, M. H. Kelsey, M. Diamond, P. Cushman, P. Lukens, Yu Kai Chang, P. Pakarha, J. K. Nelson, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, L. Wills, J. Winchell, R. Partridge, L. V. S. Bezerra, Fernando Ponce, Ziqing Hong, H. G. Zhang, N. Herbert, H. R. Harris, P. L. Brink, D. W. P. Amaral, L. Zheng, M. J. Wilson, D. J. Sincavage, W. A. Page, Bernard Sadoulet, M. Chaudhuri, Blas Cabrera, J. Street, Martin E. Huber, A. E. Robinson, E. Lopez Asamar, N. Mirabolfathi, É. M. Michaud, Bedangadas Mohanty, A. J. Mayer, A. Li, H. Coombes, Noah Kurinsky, I. J. Arnquist, L. Hsu, J. Sander, T. C. Yu, Sunil Golwala, K. Fouts, A. Jastram, J. D. Morales Mendoza, R. W. Schnee, M. Ghaith, Amy Roberts, D. Toback, Ruth Lawrence, T. Binder, Bruno Serfass, A. Kubik, Matt Pyle, T. Aralis, J. Corbett, J. Camilleri, D. Jardin, Matthew Fritts, H. Meyer Zu Theenhausen, V. K. S. Kashyap, C. Stanford, M. I. Hollister, R. Bhattacharyya, Vuk Mandic, E. Michielin, D. H. Wright, A. Sattari, E. Reid, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Ren, F. De Brienne, G. Gerbier, R. Germond, I. Alkhatib, B. A. Hines, S. Zuber, Betty A. Young, Seema Verma, B. von Krosigk, Yu. G. Kolomensky, S. L. Watkins, S. Nagorny, E. Fascione, John Wilson, D. B. MacFarlane, David G. Cerdeño, R. Bunker, Emily Z. Zhang, V. Iyer, R. Chen, R. Podviianiuk, R. Underwood, Ben Loer, Jodi Cooley, A. N. Villano, S. M. Oser, Xingbo Zhao, T. Reynolds, I. Ataee Langroudy, D. Barker, M. L. di Vacri, S. Scorza, W. Rau, N. Chott, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Above Grounds, Phonon, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cryogenic Detectors, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Light Dark Matter, Scattering Cross Section, 0103 physical sciences, Energy Resolutions, Dark Matter Searches, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Physics, Dark Matter Particles, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, Resolution (electron density), Física, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Energy (signal processing), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present limits on spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions using a $10.6$ $\mathrm{g}$ Si athermal phonon detector with a baseline energy resolution of $\sigma_E=3.86 \pm 0.04$ $(\mathrm{stat.})^{+0.19}_{-0.00}$ $(\mathrm{syst.})$ $\mathrm{eV}$. This exclusion analysis sets the most stringent dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section limits achieved by a cryogenic detector for dark matter particle masses from $93$ to $140$ $\mathrm{MeV}/c^2$, with a raw exposure of $9.9$ $\mathrm{g}\cdot\mathrm{d}$ acquired at an above-ground facility. This work illustrates the scientific potential of detectors with athermal phonon sensors with eV-scale energy resolution for future dark matter searches., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, this version includes ancillary files from official data release

Published
2020
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11. CUPID-0: A double-readout cryogenic detector for Double Beta Decay search

Author

D. Orlandi, Davide Chiesa, C. Brofferio, Jeffrey W. Beeman, G. Keppel, S. Di Domizio, C. Rusconi, M. Clemenza, Laura Cardani, K. Schäffner, Stefano Pozzi, L. Pattavina, M. Vignati, Claudio Gotti, S. S. Nagorny, M. Pavan, L. Pagnanini, I. Dafinei, P. Gorla, F. Ferroni, C. Tomei, Silvia Capelli, Marco Pallavicini, Massimiliano Nastasi, A. Giuliani, Paolo Carniti, G. Pessina, F. Bellini, C. Zolotarova, M. Beretta, V. Pettinacci, Stefano Pirro, C. Nones, A. Puiu, N. Casali, L. Gironi, M. Biassoni, O. Azzolini, C. Bucci, Miriam Lucio Martinez, Oliviero Cremonesi, S. Morganti, Angelo Cruciani, Ezio Previtali, Stefano Nisi, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Azzolini, O, Beeman, J, Bellini, F, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Capelli, S, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Cremonesi, O, Cruciani, A, Dafinei, I, Di Domizio, S, Ferroni, F, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Keppel, G, Martinez, M, Morganti, S, Nagorny, S, Nastasi, M, Nisi, S, Nones, C, Orlandi, D, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rusconi, C, Schaffner, K, Tomei, C, Vignati, M, and Zolotarova, C

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Crystal growth, macro-bolometers, Neutrino-less double beta decay, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, law.invention, Nuclear physics, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), bolometer, law, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, CUPID, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, selenium, Instrumentation, Scintillation, activity report, 010302 applied physics, Physics, background, Bolometer, Detector, zinc, Alpha background, Background level, Gran Sasso, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, ZnSe, calorimeter: cryogenics, scintillation counter: crystal, Cryogenic detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment, scintillating cryogenic calorimeter, FIS/04 - FISICA NUCLEARE E SUBNUCLEARE, performance
Abstract

CUPID-0 is the first large mass neutrino-less double beta decay ( 0 ν β β ) experiment based on cryogenic calorimeters with dual read-out of light and heat for background rejection. The detector assembly, consisting of 26 ZnSe crystals, 2 natural and 24 enriched at 95% in 82Se, all coupled with bolometric light detectors, has been constructed respecting very strict protocols and procedures, from the material selection during crystal growth to the new and innovative detector framework, in the attempt to achieve the best performance of the array. The successful construction of the detector lead to promising preliminary results, here presented. The array is in fact taking data underground at LNGS (Italy) since March 2017 and the particle identification, enabled by the light read-out, provides an unprecedented background level, for cryogenic calorimeters, of only 3.2 counts keV − 1 t − 1 yr − 1 in the region of interest of the 0 ν β β search for 82Se, namely around 3 MeV.

Published
2019
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12. Measurement of the electron capture probabilities of 55Fe with a metallic magnetic calorimeter

Author

Matias Rodrigues, R. Mariam, Martin Loidl, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
Ionizing radiation, spectroscopy, Photon, Decay data, Electron capture, Ionizing radiation metrology, Cryogenic detector, Electron, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Electron capture probabilities, 0103 physical sciences, calorimeter, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, nuclear instrumentation, instrumentation, Physics, Radiation, Metallic magnetic calorimeter, detector, Detector, Metallic magnetic calorimeters, Calorimeter, metrology, radioactivity, Cryogenic detectors, Atomic physics, Energy (signal processing), Noise (radio)
Abstract

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM), 15-19 May 2017, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Organizer: Argentinian Comis Nacl Energia Atomica; International audience; The ratios of the electron capture probabilities P-K, P-L and P-M of Fe-55 have been measured with a metallic magnetic calorimeter, a specific type of cryogenic detector. The Fe-55 source was enclosed in the detector absorber, whose dimensions were chosen such that the detection efficiency for Mn K X-rays was larger than 99.99%. Since all electrons and photons emitted by the source are absorbed in the detector, the detection efficiency is virtually 100% for K, L and M captures. The energy threshold was low enough to allow for clear separation of the M captures (similar to 80 eV) from noise. The capture probability ratios were translated to capture probabilities using the recommended value for the probability of the undetected N captures. The resulting values are in agreement both with the recommended values of P-K, P-L and P-M and with the experimental data of Pengra and coworkers.

Published
2018
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13. LArPix: Demonstration of low-power 3D pixelated charge readout for liquid argon time projection chambers

Author

Chi Lin, Michael Kramer, P. Madigan, D. A. Dwyer, A. Krieger, H. M. Steiner, S. Kohn, Christopher L. Marshall, Dario Gnani, T. Stezelberger, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, Kam Biu Luk, and Carl Grace

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Time projection Chambers, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Electronic detector readout concepts, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Printed circuit board, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Engineering, Optics, Application-specific integrated circuit, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, chemistry, CMOS, Physical Sciences, Measuring instrument, Cryogenic detectors, business
Abstract

We report the demonstration of a low-power pixelated readout system designed for three-dimensional ionization charge detection and digital readout of liquid argon time projection chambers (LArTPCs). Unambiguous 3D charge readout was achieved using a custom-designed system-on-a-chip ASIC (LArPix) to uniquely instrument each pad in a pixelated array of charge-collection pads. The LArPix ASIC, manufactured in 180 nm bulk CMOS, provides 32 channels of charge-sensitive amplification with self-triggered digitization and multiplexed readout at temperatures from 80 K to 300 K. Using an 832-channel LArPix-based readout system with 3 mm spacing between pads, we demonstrated low-noise ($, Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 1 ancillary animation. V3 includes minor revisions based on referee comments

Published
2018
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14. Extraction efficiency of drifting electrons in a two-phase xenon time projection chamber

Author

B. N. Edwards, Christopher G. Wahl, L. Tvrznikova, N. Destefano, N.A. Larsen, Ethan Bernard, Daniel McKinsey, B. P. Tennyson, E. M. Boulton, M. Horn, and Moshe Gai

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Time projection chambers, Phase (waves), Noble liquid detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, Charge transport, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, Engineering, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Range (particle radiation), Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Extraction (chemistry), multiplication and electroluminescence in rare gases and liquids, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Other Physical Sciences, chemistry, Physical Sciences, Cryogenic detectors, Atomic physics
Abstract

© 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab. We present a measurement of the extraction efficiency of quasi-free electrons from the liquid into the gas phase in a two-phase xenon time-projection chamber. The measurements span a range of electric fields from 2.4 to 7.1 kV/cm in the liquid xenon, corresponding to 4.5 to 13.1 kV/cm in the gaseous xenon. Extraction efficiency continues to increase at the highest extraction fields, implying that additional charge signal may be attained in two-phase xenon detectors through careful high-voltage engineering of the gate-anode region.

Published
2018
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15. Operation of a LAr-TPC equipped with a multilayer LEM charge readout

Author

A. Guglielmi, G. Meng, Christian Farnese, D. Gibin, S. Ventura, F. Pietropaolo, F. Varanini, B. Baibussinov, Angela Fava, S. Centro, and K. Zatrimaylov

Subjects
Cryogenic detectors, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), Particle tracking detectors, Time projection chambers, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Noble liquid detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Optics, Signal-to-noise ratio, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, Ionization, ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Time Projection Chamber, Charge transport and multiplication in liquid media, Micropattern gaseous detectors , Noble liquid detectors, 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Electron multiplier, Detector, Micropattern gaseous detectors, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), double-phase), Anode, Charge transport and multiplication in liquid media, Time Projection Chamber, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

A novel detector for the ionization signal in a single phase LAr-TPC, based on the adoption of a multilayer Large Electron Multiplier (LEM) replacing the traditional anodic wire arrays, has been experimented in the ICARINO test facility at the INFN Laboratories in Legnaro. Cosmic muon tracks were detected allowing the measurement of energy deposition and a first determination of the signal to noise ratio. The analysis of the recorded events demonstrated the 3D reconstruction capability of ionizing events in this device in liquid Argon, collecting a fraction of about 90% of the ionization signal with signal to noise ratio similar to that measured with more traditional wire chambers, 9 pages, 7 Figures

Published
2017

16. Low background techniques in bolometers for double-beta decay search

Author

A. Giuliani, D.V. Poda, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière ( CSNSM ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
radiopurity, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, bolometers, cryogenic detectors, Double-beta decay, enriched materials, low background, particle identification, scintillators, single crystals, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 29.40.Vj, 01 natural sciences, 14.60.Pq, Particle identification, 23.40.-s, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), background: low, 29.40.-n, law, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 14.60.St, radioactivity, 23.40.Bw, performance, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, Particle detector, bolometer, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, High energy resolution, activity report, Astroparticle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bolometer, 29.40.Mc, Computational physics, efficiency, and Optics
Abstract

Bolometers are low temperature particle detectors with high energy resolution and detection efficiency. Some types of bolometric detectors are also able to perform an efficient particle identification. A wide variety of radiopure dielectric and diamagnetic materials makes the bolometric technique favorable for applications in astroparticle physics. In particular, thanks to their superior performance, bolometers play an important role in the world-wide efforts on searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Such experiments strongly require an extremely low level of the backgrounds that can easily mimic the process searched for. Here we overview recent progress in the development of low background techniques for bolometric double-beta decay searches., Review, a part of IJMPA Special Issue on Low Background Techniques

Published
2017
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17. Calibration of a two-phase xenon time projection chamber with a37Ar source

Author

Moshe Gai, B. P. Tennyson, N. Destefano, B. N. Edwards, Christopher G. Wahl, E. M. Boulton, Ethan Bernard, S. A. Hertel, Daniel McKinsey, M. Horn, and N.A. Larsen

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Noble liquid detectors, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Engineering, Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Dark Matter detectors, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Interaction of radiation with matter, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Resolution (electron density), Detector, Drift field, Charge (physics), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Other Physical Sciences, chemistry, Physical Sciences, Cryogenic detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics
Abstract

We calibrate a two-phase xenon detector at 0.27 keV in the charge channel and at 2.8 keV in both the light and charge channels using a $^{37}$Ar source that is directly released into the detector. We map the light and charge yields as a function of electric drift field. For the 2.8 keV peak, we calculate the Thomas-Imel box parameter for recombination and determine its dependence on drift field. For the same peak, we achieve an energy resolution, $E_{\sigma}/E_{mean}$, between 9.8% and 10.8% for 0.1 kV/cm to 2 kV/cm electric drift fields., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2017
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18. Comparison of different Mo/Au TES designs for radiation detectors

Author

Rosa M. Jáudenes, Carlos Pobes, Nieves Casañ-Pastor, Lourdes Fàbrega, Javier Moral-Vico, Agustín Camón, Javier Sesé, Pavel Strichovanec, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Space Agency, and European Commission

Subjects
Transition-edge sensors, Fabrication, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Noise (electronics), Particle detector, Bismuth, 0103 physical sciences, Microcalorimeters, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Electrical impedance, business.industry, Detector, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, Optoelectronics, Cryogenic detectors, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Work financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO, projects ESP2014-59306-JIN, ESP2014-53672-C3-2-P, ESP2016-76683-C3-2-R), the European Space Agency (ESA, CTP Contract “Optimization of a European TES array”) and the European Commission (H2020 project AHEAD: Integrated Activities for the high energy astrophysics domain”). Personnel from ICMAB acknowledge financial support from MINECO, through the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2015-04969). RMJ wishes to thank MINECO for her FPI contract. We also thank PTB for providing the SQUIDs.

Published
2017

19. The ICARUS T600 Detector at LNGS Underground Laboratory

Author

N. Canci

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Time projection chamber, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Liquid Argon, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Cryogenic Detectors, Physics and Astronomy(all), Neutrino interaction, Neutrino detector, Particle tracking detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment, TPC, Noble Liquid detectors, Neutrino, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

ICARUS (Imaging Cosmic And Rare Underground Signals) is the the largest Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr-TPC) in the world (containing _600 tons of LAr) addressed to the study of rare events and, among these, neutrino interactions. Installed in the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (INFN-LNGS, Italy), ICARUS started working gradually since May, 27th 2010, collecting data both from the cosmic rays able to reach the depths of the laboratory and from neutrino interactions from the CNGS beam. The detector, providing a completely uniform imaging and calorimetry with a high accuracy on massive volumes, allows to reconstruct in real time neutrino and cosmic interactions, measuring the full kinematics of the identified particles. The ICARUS technology can be considered as a milestone towards the realization of next generation of massive detectors (tens of ktons) for neutrino and rare event phy sics.In this paper a short description of the ICARUS T600 experiment, detector main features and performances and its first underground results are presented.

Published
2012
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20. The Cryogenic Performances of Specific Optical and Electrical Components for a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber

Author

Tiankuan Liu, S. R. Hou, P. K. Teng, Jingbo Ye, D.S. Su, Annie C. Xiang, Datao Gong, and Chuan-Ming Liu

Subjects
Physics, Optical fiber, Time projection chamber, business.industry, Time projection Chambers (TPC), Detector, Cryogenic Detectors, Physics and Astronomy(all), law.invention, Capacitor, law, visual_art, Electronic component, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Optical detector readout concepts, Optoelectronics, Electronics, Resistor, business, Diode
Abstract

In this paper we present a cryogenic performance study of specific optical and electrical components for the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC), a potential far site detector technology of the long baseline neutrino experiment (LBNE). We have confirmed that an LVDS driver can drive a 20-meter CAT5E twisted pair up to 1 gigabit per second at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K). We have verified that a 16:1 serializer Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), three types of laser diodes, optical fibers and connectors, and field-programming gate arrays (FPGAs) continue to function at 77 K. A variety of commercial resistors and capacitors have been tested at 77 K. All tests we have conducted show that the cold front-end electronics is promising.

Published
2012
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21. The Cryogenic Anti-Coincidence detector for ATHENA X-IFU: Pulse analysis of the AC-S7 single pixel prototype

Author

Michele Biasotti, M. D'Andrea, Simone Lotti, Guido Torrioli, Claudio Macculi, A. Argan, Flavio Gatti, D. Corsini, and Luigi Piro

Subjects
Cosmic Vision, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Pulse analysis, Cryogenic detector, X-ray telescope, Orbital mechanics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Anticoincidence, ATHENA, Cryogenic detectors, Principal Component Analysis, TES, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Applied Mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Optics, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 010306 general physics, 010302 applied physics, Physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Threshold energy, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The ATHENA observatory is the second large-class mission in ESA Cosmic Vision 2015-2025, with a launch foreseen in 2028 towards the L2 orbit. The mission addresses the science theme "The Hot and Energetic Universe", by coupling a high-performance X-ray Telescope with two complementary focal-plane instruments. One of these is the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU): it is a TES based kilo-pixel order array able to provide spatially resolved high-resolution spectroscopy (2.5 eV at 6 keV) over a 5 arcmin FoV. The X-IFU sensitivity is degraded by the particles background expected at L2 orbit, which is induced by primary protons of both galactic and solar origin, and mostly by secondary electrons. To reduce the background level and enable the mission science goals, a Cryogenic Anticoincidence (CryoAC) detector is placed < 1 mm below the TES array. It is a 4- pixel TES based detector, with wide Silicon absorbers sensed by Ir:Au TESes. The CryoAC development schedule foresees by Q1 2017 the delivery of a Demonstration Model (DM) to the X-IFU FPA development team. The DM is a single-pixel detector that will address the final design of the CryoAC. It will verify some representative requirements at single-pixel level, especially the detector operation at 50 mK thermal bath and the threshold energy at 20 keV. To reach the final DM design we have developed and tested the AC-S7 prototype, with 1 cm2 absorber area sensed by 65 Ir TESes. Here we will discuss the pulse analysis of this detector, which has been illuminated by the 60 keV line from a 241Am source. First, we will present the analysis performed to investigate pulses timings and spectrum, and to disentangle the athermal component of the pulses from the thermal one. Furthermore, we will show the application to our dataset of an alternative method of pulse processing, based upon Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This kind of analysis allow us to recover better energy spectra than achievable with traditional methods, improving the evaluation of the detector threshold energy, a fundamental parameter characterizing the CryoAC particle rejection efficiency.

Published
2016

22. The Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector for ATHENA X-IFU: a program overview

Author

Guido Torrioli, M. Fiorini, Michela Uslenghi, D. Corsini, Claudio Macculi, M. D'Andrea, S. Molendi, A. Argan, Luigi Piro, Andrea Bulgarelli, Teresa Mineo, Flavio Gatti, Valentina Fioretti, E. Cavazzuti, Monica Laurenza, Simone Lotti, and Michele Biasotti

Subjects
Cosmic Vision, Geant4, Context (language use), Cosmic ray, 02 engineering and technology, Orbital mechanics, 01 natural sciences, Particle background, Optics, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Anticoincidence, 010306 general physics, Physics, ATHENA, Cryogenic detectors, TES, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Applied Mathematics, Pixel, business.industry, Detector, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Orbit (dynamics), 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

The ATHENA observatory is the second large-class ESA mission, in the context of the Cosmic Vision 2015 - 2025, scheduled to be launched on 2028 at L2 orbit. One of the two on-board instruments is the X-IFU (X-ray Integral Field Unit): it is a TES-based kilo-pixels order array able to perform simultaneous high-grade energy spectroscopy (2.5 eV at 6 keV) and imaging over the 5 arcmin FoV. The X-IFU sensitivity is degraded by the particles background which is induced by primary protons of both solar and Cosmic Rays origin, and secondary electrons. The studies performed by Geant4 simulations depict a scenario where it is mandatory the use of reduction techniques that combine an active anticoincidence detector and a passive electron shielding to reduce the background expected in L2 orbit down to the goal level of 0.005 cts/cm2/s/keV, so enabling the characterization of faint or diffuse sources (e.g. WHIM or Galaxy cluster outskirts). From the detector point of view this is possible by adopting a Cryogenic AntiCoincidence (CryoAC) placed within a proper optimized environment surrounding the X-IFU TES array. It is a 4-pixels detector made of wide area Silicon absorbers sensed by Ir TESes, and put at a distance < 1 mm below the TES-array. On October 2015 the X-IFU Phase A program has been kicked-off, and about the CryoAC is at present foreseen on early 2017 the delivery of the DM1 (Demonstration Model 1) to the FPA development team for integration, which is made of 1 pixel "bridgessuspended" that will address the final design of the CryoAC. Both the background studies and the detector development work is on-going to provide confident results about the expected residual background at the TES-array level, and the single pixel design to produce a detector for testing activity on 2016/2017. Here we will provide an overview of the CryoAC program, discussing some details about the background assessment having impact on the CryoAC design, the last single pixel characterization, the structural issues, followed by some programmatic aspects.

Published
2016

23. Cryogenic Silicon Detectors with Implanted Contacts for the Detection of Visible Photons Using the Neganov-Trofimov-Luke Effect

Author

C. Bruhn, A. Langenkämper, X. Defay, M. Chapellier, J.-C. Lanfranchi, F. Hitzler, H. Steiger, A. Münster, A. Zöller, S. Wawoczny, E. Mondragon, S. Schönert, M. Willers, W. Potzel, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM PS1), and Université Paris-Saclay-Univ. Paris-Sud-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, GERMANIUM, law.invention, law, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], LIGHT DETECTORS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, business.industry, Bolometer, Detector, Neganov-Trofimov-Luke effect, AMPLIFICATION, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Direct dark matter search, Double-beta decay detectors, Condensed Matter Physics, Bolometers, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 3. Good health, Semiconductor, Charge trapping, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cryogenic detectors, Neutrino, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

There is a common need in astroparticle experiments such as direct dark matter detection, 0{\nu}\b{eta}\b{eta} (double beta decay without emission of neutrinos) and Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Scattering experiments for light detectors with a very low energy threshold. By employing the Neganov-Luke Effect, the thermal signal of particle interactions in a semiconductor absorber operated at cryogenic temperatures, can be amplified by drifting the photogenerated electrons and holes in an electric field. This technology is not used in current experiments, in particular because of a reduction of the signal amplitude with time which is due to trapping of the charges within the absorber. We present here the first results of a novel type of Neganov-Luke Effect detector with an electric field configuration designed to improve the charge collection within the semiconductor., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Published
2015
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24. Operation and performance of the ICARUS T600 cryogenic plant at Gran Sasso underground Laboratory

Author

J. Holeczek, Christian Farnese, A. Falcone, K. Zaremba, F. Varanini, Paola Sala, A. Dermenev, David B. Cline, F. Pietropaolo, Angela Fava, E. Calligarich, S. Centro, A. Ivashkin, S. Otwinowski, D. Gibin, Carlo Rubbia, Alfredo G. Cocco, Hui Wang, P. Plonski, A. Dabrowska, F. Sergiampietri, X. Yang, C. Vignoli, M. Kirsanov, Andrea Zani, E. Segreto, A. Guglielmi, S. Mania, Jan Kisiel, N. Canci, A. Scaramelli, M. Torti, G. Meng, J. Lagoda, A. Rappoldi, P. Aprili, R. Sulej, P. Picchi, G.L. Raselli, A. Zalewska, M. Antonello, D. Stefan, Mario Terrani, Alessandra Cesana, C. Montanari, F. Boffelli, I. Kochanek, M. Szarska, K. Cieślik, Alessandro Menegolli, S. N. Gninenko, Arnaud Ferrari, Sandro Ventura, Massimo Rossella, A. Bubak, J.M. Disdier, B. Baibussinov, M. Haranczyk, Antonello, M, Aprili, P, Baibussinov, B, Boffelli, F, Bubak, A, Calligarich, E, Canci, N, Centro, S, Cesana, A, Cieslik, K, Cline, D, Cocco, A, Dabrowska, A, Dermenev, A, Disdier, J, Falcone, A, Farnese, C, Fava, A, Ferrari, A, Gibin, D, Gninenko, S, Guglielmi, A, Haranczyk, M, Holeczek, J, Ivashkin, A, Kirsanov, M, Kisiel, J, Kochanek, I, Lagoda, J, Mania, S, Menegolli, A, Meng, G, Montanari, C, Otwinowski, S, Picchi, P, Pietropaolo, F, Plonski, P, Rappoldi, A, Raselli, G, Rossella, M, Rubbia, C, Sala, P, Scaramelli, A, Segreto, E, Sergiampietri, F, Stefan, D, Sulej, R, Szarska, M, Terrani, M, Torti, M, Varanini, F, Ventura, S, Vignoli, C, Wang, H, Yang, X, Zalewska, A, Zani, A, and Zaremba, K

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Cryogenic detector, Cosmic ray, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Cryogenic nitrogen plant, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, oble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization,ouble-phase), Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, ICARUS, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Detector, Time projection Chambers (TPC), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), double-phase), Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, Measuring instrument, Cryogenic detectors, Environmental science, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

ICARUS T600 liquid argon time projection chamber is the first large mass electronic detector of a new generation able to combine the imaging capabilities of the old bubble chambers with the excellent calorimetric energy measurement. After the three months demonstration run on surface in Pavia during 2001, the T600 cryogenic plant was significantly revised, in terms of reliability and safety, in view of its long-term operation in an underground environment. The T600 detector was activated in Hall B of the INFN Gran Sasso Laboratory during Spring 2010, where it was operated without interruption for about three years, taking data exposed to the CERN to Gran Sasso long baseline neutrino beam and cosmic rays. In this paper the T600 cryogenic plant is described in detail together with the commissioning procedures that lead to the successful operation of the detector shortly after the end of the filling with liquid Argon. Overall plant performance and stability during the long-term underground operation are discussed. Finally, the decommissioning procedures, carried out about six months after the end of the CNGS neutrino beam operation, are reported., 27 pages; corrected typos; added references and reshuffled reference list (not in order of citation in previous version) 26 pages; forced figures within section; corrected typos

Published
2015

25. Development of silicon detectors for Beam Loss Monitoring at HL-LHC

Author

A. Shepelev, V. Eremin, A. G. Zabrodskii, N. Egorov, E. M. Verbitskaya, M. Bartosik, Federico Ravotti, M. Glaser, Mariusz Sapinski, A. Galkin, Andreas Alexopoulos, Bernd Dehning, Jaakko Härkönen, and A. Bogdanov

Subjects
Large Hadron Collider, Materials science, Silicon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Electrical engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors, beam-intensity monitors, bunch length monitors), Cryogenic detectors, Radiation-hard detectors, equipment and supplies, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Semiconductor detector, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Radiation damage, Optoelectronics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Irradiation, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Silicon detectors were proposed as novel Beam Loss Monitors (BLM) for the control of the radiation environment in the vicinity of the superconductive magnets of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. The present work is aimed at enhancing the BLM sensitivity and therefore the capability of triggering the beam abort system before a critical radiation load hits the superconductive coils. We report here the results of three in situ irradiation tests of Si detectors carried out at the CERN PS at 1.9–4.2 K. The main experimental result is that all silicon detectors survived irradiation up to 1.22× 1016 p/cm2. The third test, focused on the detailed characterization of the detectors with standard (300 μm) and reduced (100 μm) thicknesses, showed only a marginal difference in the sensitivity of thinned detectors in the entire fluence range and a smaller rate of signal degradation that promotes their use as BLMs. The irradiation campaigns produced new information on radiation damage and carrier transport in Si detectors irradiated at the temperatures of 1.9–4.2 K. The results were encouraging and permitted to initiate the production of the first BLM prototype modules which were installed at the end of the vessel containing the superconductive coil of a LHC magnet immersed in superfluid helium to be able to test the silicon detectors in real operational conditions.

Published
2017
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26. Beta spectrometry with metallic magnetic calorimeters

Author

Xavier Mougeot, C. Le-Bret, Matias Rodrigues, Martin Loidl, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union on the basis of decision N912/2009/EC, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
spectrum measurement, Analytical chemistry, ionizing radiation metrology, shape factor, beta source, 63Ni, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Ionizing radiations, Spectral line, Metal, detection efficiency, cryogenic detector, cryogenic detectors, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Electroplating, Shape factor, beta radionuclide, Physics, Radiation, Metallic magnetic calorimeter, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, NiCl2 solution, electroplated source, Beta spectrometry, Detector, metallic magnetic calorimeters, Nuclear data, nuclear data, atomic exchange, metrology, Beta (plasma physics), visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Atomic physics, beta spectrum
Abstract

International audience; Metallic magnetic calorimeters are a specific type of cryogenic detectors that have been shown to enable precise measurement of the shape of low energy beta spectra. The aim of their use at LNHB is the determination of the shape factors of beta spectra. The beta source is enclosed in the detector absorber, allowing for very high detection efficiency. It has turned out that the type of source is of crucial importance for the correctness of the measured spectrum. Spectra of 63Ni measured with several sources prepared by drying a NiCl2 solution differ from one another and from theory, whereas spectra measured with electroplated sources are reproducible and agree with theory. With these latter measurements we could confirm the atomic exchange effect down to very low energy (200 eV).

Published
2014
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27. Vibrational and thermal noise reduction for cryogenic detectors

Author

A. Nucciotti, Ettore Fiorini, G. Pessina, M. Vanzini, C. Brofferio, Ezio Previtali, L. Zanotti, M. Pavan, A. Alessandrello, A. Giuliani, S. Pirro, E. Coccia, V. Fafone, Oliviero Cremonesi, and C. Bucci

Subjects
Cryostat, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle detectors, Cryogenics, Spectroscopic analysis, Noise (electronics), Particle detector, Spurious signal noise, law.invention, Thermistors, Optics, Gamma spectroscopy, law, Cryogenic equipment, Dilution refrigerator, Instrumentation, Alpha particles, Physics, business.industry, Gamma rays, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Detector, Bolometer, Molecular vibrations, Alpha spectroscopy, Bolometers, Semiconducting tellurium, Cryogenic detectors, business
Abstract

In this paper we present the excellent results obtained by mechanical decoupling of our thermal detectors from the cryostat. The starting point of this work is the necessity to improve the performances of thermal detectors and, besides, to eliminate the non-constant noise resulting from the overall cryogenic facility; this second point results to be crucial for rare-events experiments and the fundamental task for Dark Matter search. Tested on our bolometer, consisting of a 750 g tellurium oxide absorber coupled with an NTD thermistor and operated at &9 mK in an Oxford 200 dilution refrigerator, this powerful technique can, moreover, provide advantages for a large variety of thermal detectors. A good energy resolution of 3.9 keV FWHM was obtained for 2.615 MeV c-rays. The 4.2 keV average FWHM resolution for the 5407 keV 210Po a decay line is the best ever obtained for a-particles with any type of detector. ( 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2000
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28. Final results of the EDELWEISS-I dark matter search with cryogenic heat-and-ionization Ge detectors

Author

B. Censier, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Masataka Ohkubo, Kazuhisa Mitsuda and Hiroyuki Takahashi, and EDELWEISS

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 95.35.+d, 14.80.Ly, 98.80.Es, 29.40.Wk, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Dark matter, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, EDELWEISS, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Nuclear physics, WIMP, Ionization, WIMPs direct detection, 0103 physical sciences, Cryogenic detectors, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Fiducial marker, Instrumentation
Abstract

The final results of the EDELWEISS-I dark matter search using cryogenic heat-and-ionization Ge detectors are presented. The final data sample corresponds to an increase by a factor five in exposure relative to the previously published results. A recoil energy threshold of 13 keV or better was achieved with three 320 g detectors working simultaneously over four months of stable operation. Limits on the spin-independent cross-section for the scattering of a WIMP on a nucleon are derived from an accumulated fiducial exposure of 62 kg day.

Published
2006
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29. The Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector for ATHENA: the progress towards the final pixel design

Author

Michele Biasotti, Teresa Mineo, G. Pizzigoni, D. Bagliani, Donatella Cea, Luigi Piro, Lorenzo Natalucci, Marco Barbera, Simone Lotti, D. Corsini, Emanuele Perinati, L. Colasanti, Guido Torrioli, Flavio Gatti, Claudio Macculi, Macculi, C., Piro, L., Cea, D., Colasanti, L., Lotti, S., Natalucci, L., Gatti, F., Bagliani, D., Biasotti, M., Corsini, D., Pizzigoni, G., Torrioli, G., Barbera, M., Mineo, T., and Perinati, E.

Subjects
Simulations, Silicon, Warm–hot intergalactic medium, Field of view, Orbital mechanics, Optics, Field spectroscopy, Galactic astronomy, X-rays, Electronic, Angular resolution, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Anticoincidence, Image resolution, Spectroscopy, Physics, Spatial resolution, Equipment and services, Spectrometer, Spectrometers, business.industry, Sensors, Applied Mathematics, Detector, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Condensed Matter Physics, ATHENA, Cryogenic detectors, TES, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Transition edge sensor, business
Abstract

“The Hot and Energetic Universe” is the scientific theme approved by the ESA SPC for a Large mission to be flown in the next ESA slot (2028th) timeframe. ATHENA is a space mission proposal tailored on this scientific theme. It will be the first X-ray mission able to perform the so-called “Integral field spectroscopy”, by coupling a high-resolution spectrometer, the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU), to a high performance optics so providing detailed images of its field of view (5’ in diameter) with an angular resolution of 5” and fine energy-spectra (2.5eV@E

Published
2014

30. Experimental observation of an extremely high electron lifetime with the ICARUS-T600 LAr-TPC

Author

Antonello, M., Baibussinov, B., Benetti, P., Boffelli, F., Bubak, Arkadiusz, Calligarich, E., Centro, S., Cesana, A., Cieślik, K., Cline, D. B., Cocco, A. G., Dabrowska, A., Dequal, D., Dermenev, A., Dolfini, R., Falcone, A., Farnese, C., Fava, A., Ferrari, A., Fiorillo, G., Gibin, D., Gninenko, S., Guglielmi, A., Haranczyk, M., Holeczek, Jacek, Kirsanov, M., Kisiel, Jan, Kochanek, Izabela, Lagoda, J., Mania, Sławomir, Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Montanari, C., Nicoletto, M., Otwinowski, S., Picchi, P., Pietropaolo, F., Płoński, P., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G. L., Rossella, M., Rubbia, C., Sala, P., Scaramelli, A., Segreto, E., Sergiampietri, F., Stefan, D., Sulej, R., Szarska, M., Terrani, M., Torti, M., Varanini, F., Ventura, S., Vignoli, C., Wang, H., Yang, X., Zalewska, A., Zani, A., Zaremba, K., M., Antonello, B., Baibussinov, P., Benetti, F., Boffelli, A., Bubak, E., Calligarich, S., Centro, A., Cesana, K., Cieślik, D., Cline, A., Cocco, A., Dabrowska, A., Dermenev, R., Dolfini, A., Falcone, C., Farnese, A., Fava, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Gibin, S., Gninenko, A., Guglielmi, M., Haranczyk, J., Holeczek, M., Kirsanov, J., Kisiel, I., Kochanek, J., Lagoda, S., Mania, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, C., Montanari, S., Otwinowski, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, P., Plonski, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, M., Rossella, C., Rubbia, P. R., Sala, A., Scaramelli, E., Segreto, F., Sergiampietri, D., Stefan, R., Sulej, M., Szarska, M., Terrani, M., Torti, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, C., Vignoli, H., Wang, X., Yang, A., Zalewska, A., Zani, K., Zaremba, Antonello, M, Baibussinov, B, Benetti, P, Boffelli, F, Bubak, A, Calligarich, E, Centro, S, Cesana, A, Cieslik, K, Cline, D, Cocco, A, Dabrowska, A, Dermenev, A, Dolfini, R, Falcone, A, Farnese, C, Fava, A, Ferrari, A, Fiorillo, G, Gibin, D, Gninenko, S, Guglielmi, A, Haranczyk, M, Holeczek, J, Kirsanov, M, Kisiel, J, Kochanek, I, Lagoda, J, Mania, S, Menegolli, A, Meng, G, Montanari, C, Otwinowski, S, Picchi, P, Pietropaolo, F, Plonski, P, Rappoldi, A, Raselli, G, Rossella, M, Rubbia, C, Sala, P, Scaramelli, A, Segreto, E, Sergiampietri, F, Stefan, D, Sulej, R, Szarska, M, Terrani, M, Torti, M, Varanini, F, Ventura, S, Vignoli, C, Wang, H, Yang, X, Zalewska, A, Zani, A, and Zaremba, K

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Time projection chamber, Argon, Materials science, Detector, Cryogenic detector, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle detector, Neutrino detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Ionization, cryogenic detectors, time projection chambers, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, charge transport and multiplication in liquid media, neutrino detectors
Abstract

The ICARUS T600 detector, the largest liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr-TPC) realized after many years of RD activities, was installed and successfully operated for 3 years at the INFN Gran Sasso underground Laboratory. One of the most important issues was the need of an extremely low residual electronegative impurity content in the liquid Argon, in order to transport the free electrons created by the ionizing particles with a very small attenuation along the drift path. The solutions adopted for the Argon re-circulation and purification systems have permitted to reach impressive results in terms of Argon purity and a free electron lifetime exceeding 15 ms, corresponding to about 20 parts per trillion of equivalent O2 contamination, a milestone for any future project involving LAr-TPC's and the development of higher detector mass scales., Comment: to be submitted to JINST, LaTeX version

Published
2014

31. Neganov-Luke amplified cryogenic light detectors for the background discrimination in neutrinoless double beta decay search with TeO$_{2}$ bolometers

Author

M. Willers, A. Zöller, Lothar Oberauer, A. Gütlein, Stephan V. Roth, A. Münster, A. Giuliani, Franz von Feilitzsch, S. Wawoczny, J.-C. Lanfranchi, W. Potzel, S. Schönert, and M. v. Sivers

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov and transition radiation, Bolometer, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Double-beta decay detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Particle identification methods, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, Double beta decay, Background suppression, Cryogenic detectors, Transition edge sensor, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate that Neganov-Luke amplified cryogenic light detectors with Transition Edge Sensor read-out can be applied for the background suppression in cryogenic experiments searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{130}\text{Te}$ with TeO$_{2}$ based bolometers. Electron and gamma induced events can be discriminated from $\alpha$ events by detecting the Cherenkov light produced by the $\beta$ particles emitted in the decay. We use the Cherenkov light produced by events in the full energy peak of $^{208}\text{Tl}$ and by events from a $^{147}\text{Sm}$ source to show that at the Q-value of the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{130}\text{Te}$ ($Q_{\beta \beta} = 2.53 \,\text{MeV}$), a separation of $e^{-}/\gamma$ events from $\alpha$ events can be achieved on an event-by-event basis with practically no reduction in signal acceptance., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, revision for submission to JINST

Published
2014
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32. ArDM: first results from underground commissioning

Author

S. Ravat, A. Gendotti, T. Viant, C. Cantini, L. Knecht, S. Wu, N. Bourgeois, F. Resnati, K. Nguyen, F. Bay, A. Curioni, K. Nikolics, André Rubbia, L Romero, R. Santorelli, F. Sergiampietri, S. Murphy, G. Maire, B. Montes, D. Lussi, M. K. Daniel, A. Badertscher, S. Di Luise, L. Periale, L. Epprecht, G. Natterer, U. Degunda, S. Horikawa, and D. Sgalaberna

Subjects
Noble-liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization two-phase), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.), Cryogenic detectors, Time projection Chambers (TPC), Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Scintillation, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ArDM
Abstract

The Argon Dark Matter experiment is a ton-scale double phase argon Time Projection Chamber designed for direct Dark Matter searches. It combines the detection of scintillation light together with the ionisation charge in order to discriminate the background (electron recoils) from the WIMP signals (nuclear recoils). After a successful operation on surface at CERN, the detector was recently installed in the underground Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, and the commissioning phase is ongoing. We describe the status of the installation and present first results from data collected underground with the detector filled with gas argon at room temperature., Journal of Instrumentation, 8 (9), ISSN:1748-0221

Published
2013

33. The front-end readout for CUORICINO, an array of macro-bolometers and MIBETA, an array of μ-bolometers

Author

P. Gorla, C. Bucci, G. Pessina, A. Fascilla, M Pedretti, S. Pirro, A. Nucciotti, S Capelli, C. Arnaboldi, M. Sisti, E. Previtali, Arnaboldi, C, Bucci, C, Capelli, S, Fascilla, A, Gorla, P, Nucciotti, A, Pedretti, M, Pessina, G, Pirro, S, and Previtali, E

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, The front-end readout for CUORICINO, an array of macro-bolometers and MIBETA, an array of m-bolometers, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cryogenics, Low noise, Noise (electronics), Particle detector, law.invention, Front and back ends, Optics, law, Amplifier, Macro, Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons, Instrumentation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Front-end, Physics, Cryogenic detectors, business.industry, Bolometer, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

The front-end approach for the readout of two arrays of bolometric detectors is described. The first front-end is for an array of m-bolometers, while the second is for an array of macro-bolometers. Analogies and differences in the adopted strategies are put into evidence.

Published
2004
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34. A BGO scintillating bolometer for γ and α spectroscopy

Author

L. Gironi, L. Cardani, S. Di Domizio, Cardani, L, Di Domizio, S, and Gironi, L

Subjects
Physics, Calorimeter, business.industry, Detector, Bolometer, Cryogenic detector, Bismuth germanate, law.invention, Crystal, Particle identification method, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, Scintillation counter, Optoelectronics, Cryogenic detectors, Solid state detector, Spectroscopy, business, Instrumentation, FIS/04 - FISICA NUCLEARE E SUBNUCLEARE, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

A 891 g BGO (Bi4Ge3O12) scintillating bolometer has been tested at 10 mK in the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy). The discrimination capability, the radio-purity of the compound and the main features of the crystal have been studied in order to demonstrate the excellent performances obtained by operating a scintillating bolometer in the field of γ and α spectroscopy. The sensitivity of this detector in the study of extremely low surface contaminations has been investigated. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.

Published
2012

35. First measurement of the beta spectrum of 241Pu with a cryogenic detector

Author

Benjamin Censier, Xavier Mougeot, Philippe Cassette, T. Branger, Martin Loidl, D. Lacour, Matias Rodrigues, S. Kowalski, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, shape factor, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Mass spectrometry, sensors, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Optics, cryogenic detectors, 0103 physical sciences, detector absorber, beta spectrometry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Shape factor, detectors, Physics, Radiation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, calorimeters, Detector, metallic magnetic calorimeters, Nuclear data, metrology, Beta (plasma physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, beta spectrum, ionizing radiation, Realization (systems), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 2009)7-11 September 2009 • Bratislava, Slovak Republic; International audience; The LNE-LNHB is developing metallic magnetic calorimeters, a specific type of cryogenic detectors, for beta spectrometry. The aim is the determination of the shape factors of beta spectra. Our latest detector has been designed to measure the spectrum of 241Pu, a pure beta emitter with an endpoint energy of 20.8 keV. In this paper, the detection principle of metallic magnetic calorimeters is explained and a detailed description is given of the realization of the detector enclosing a 241Pu source inside the detector absorber. A spectrum resulting from our first measurement is shown and compared with a theoretical spectrum.

Published
2010
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36. The TES-based cryogenic anticoincidence detector for IXO: First results from large area prototypes

Author

A. Bonati, Luigi Piro, Guido Torrioli, Flavio Gatti, Emanuele Perinati, Lorenzo Natalucci, Claudio Macculi, Giovanni La Rosa, Simone Lotti, Teresa Mineo, Francesco Brunetto, Marco Barbera, P. Bastia, D. Bagliani, L. Colasanti, L. Ferrari, Macculi, C., Colasanti, L., Lotti, S., Natalucci, L., Piro, L., Bagliani, D., Brunetto, F., Ferrari, L., Gatti, F., Torrioli, G., Bastia, P., Bonati, A., Barbera, M., La Rosa, G., Mineo, T., and Perinati, E.

Subjects
Cryogenic Detectors, IXO, SQUID, TES, X-ray, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Applied Mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Space exploration, Signal-to-noise ratio, Optics, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, Observatory, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Physics, Spectrometer, Pixel, business.industry, Detector, Pulse duration, Cardinal point, business, TES, Cryogenic Detectors, X-ray, SQUID, IXO
Abstract

The technique which combines high resolution spectroscopy with imaging capability is a powerful tool to extract fundamental information in X-ray Astrophysics and Cosmology. TES (Transition Edge Sensors)-based microcalorimeters match at best the requirements for doing fine spectroscopy and imaging of both bright (high count rate) and faint (poor signal-to-noise ratio) sources. For this reason they are considered among the most promising detectors for the next high energy space missions and are being developed for use on the focal plane of the IXO (International X-ray Observatory) mission. In order to achieve the required signal-to-noise ratio for faint or diffuse sources it is necessary to reduce the particle-induced background by almost two orders of magnitude. This reduction can only be achieved by adopting an active anticoincidence technique. In this paper, we will present a novel anticoincidence detector based on a TES sensor developed for the IXO mission. The pulse duration and the large area of the IXO TESarray (XMS X-ray Microcalorimeter Spectrometer) require a proper design of the anticoincidence detector. It has to cover the full XMS area, yet delivering a fast response. We have therefore chosen to develop it in a four-pixel design. Experimental results from the large-area pixel prototypes will be discussed, also including design considerations.

Published
2010

37. Dark Matter: Direct Detection

Author

Gabriel Chardin, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Particle physics, scintillation detectors, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, EDELWEISS, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Xenon, WIMP, cryogenic detectors, 0103 physical sciences, Bibliography, Dark Matter, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astrophysics (astro-ph), WIMP detection, Supersymmetry, Recoil energy, Semiconductor detector, semiconductor detectors, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Scintillation counter
Abstract

Solving the Dark Matter enigma represents one of the key objectives of contemporary physics. Recent astrophysical and cosmological measurements have unambiguously demonstrated that ordinary matter contributes to less than 5 % of the energy budget of our Universe, and that the nature of the remaining 95 % is unknown. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) represent the best motivated candidate to fill the Dark Matter gap, and direct detection Dark Matter experiments have recently reached sensitivities allowing them to sample a first part of supersymmetric models compatible with accelerator constraints. Three cryogenic experiments currently provide the best sensitivity, by nearly one order of magnitude, to WIMP interactions. With systematic uncertainties far less severe than other present techniques, the next generation of cryogenic experiments promises two orders of magnitude increase in sensitivity over the next few years. The present results, perspectives and experimental strategies of the main direct detection experiments are presented. Challenges met by future ton-scale cryogenic experiments in deep underground sites, aiming at testing most of the SUSY parameter space, are critically discussed., 46 pages, 17 figures, to appear in "Cryogenic Particle Detection", edited by Christian Enss, (Springer, Heidelberg, 2005) ; one figure and two references modified ; typographical corrections

Published
2009

38. Baseband feedback for frequency-domain-multiplexed readout of TES X-ray detectors

Author

Roland den Hartog, D. Boersma, M. Bruijn, B. Dirks, L. Gottardi, H. Hoevers, R. Hou, M. Kiviranta, P. de Korte, J. van der Kuur, B.-J. van Leeuwen, A. Nieuwenhuizen, M. Popescu, Betty Young, Blas Cabrera, and Aaron Miller

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dynamic range, Amplifier, Detector, Linearity, Multiplexing, Frequency-Domain-Multiplexing, Frequency domain, Baseband, Electronic engineering, Demodulation, Cryogenic detectors, SQUIDs
Abstract

The linear dynamic range available for Frequency‐Domain‐Multiplexed (FDM) read‐out of TES X‐ray detectors is seriously limited by the SQUID current amplifiers used for the read‐out of TES‐detectors. Baseband feedback is one of the ways to increase the linearity and dynamic range of SQUIDs for the TES signals. Baseband feedback is realized by demodulation, and low‐pass filtering of the AM‐signals at the amplified summing point, thereby retrieving the signals for each detector, and subsequent remodulation and summing of the individual detector signals with phase compensation for the delay and phase rotation at each carrier frequency. This algorithm creates sufficient gain‐bandwidth at and around each carrier frequency (1–10 MHz) to reduce the error signal at the input of the SQUID amplifier for both the AC‐carriers and the signals modulated onto them. The paper presents the principle, modeling, and initial results.

Published
2009
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39. Status of the EDELWEISS-II experiment

Author

V. Sanglard, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), E. Pécontal, T. Buchert, Ph. Di Stefano and Y. Copin, and EDELWEISS

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, EDELWEISS, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, Nuclear physics, Galactic halo, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], neutralino, cryogenic detectors, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, Elastic scattering, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, WIMPs, Space and Planetary Science, Neutralino, Underground laboratory, supersymmetry, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

6 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the 2nd conference of CRAL-conferences Series "Dark energy and Dark Matter" (Lyon, France, Jul 7-11, 2008); International audience; EDELWEISS is a direct dark matter search experiment situated in the low radioactivity environment of the Modane Underground Laboratory. The experiment uses Ge detectors at very low temperature in order to identify eventual rare nuclear recoils induced by elastic scattering of WIMPs from our Galactic halo. We present results of the commissioning of the second phase of the experiment, involving more than 7 kg of Ge, that has been completed in 2007. We describe two new types of detectors with active rejection of events due to surface contamination. This active rejection is required in order to achieve the physics goals of 10-8 pb cross-section measurement for the current phase.

Published
2008
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40. Surface event rejection of the EDELWEISS cryogenic germanium detectors based on NbSi thin film sensors

Author

F. Lalu, L. Dumoulin, E. Olivieri, Y. Dolgorouky, O. Crauste, Stéphane Collin, X. Defay, C. Nones, A. Broniatowski, S. Marnieros, A. Juillard, M. Chapellier, Laurent Bergé, PS1, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
surface event rejection, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 02 engineering and technology, EDELWEISS, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, High impedance, Optics, law, cryogenic detectors, 0103 physical sciences, Dark matter, General Materials Science, Neutron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Thin film, 010306 general physics, Physics, NbSi thermistor, business.industry, Bolometer, Detector, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Threshold energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Ge bolometer, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Near-surface-events are a major limitation to the performance of cryogenic massive germanium heat and ionisation detectors for dark matter search, due to their incomplete charge collection. We present here a powerful method of surface event identification based on the transient heat signal of a Ge bolometer, equipped with two NbSi high impedance thin film sensors. Calibration runs using electrons and low energy gamma particles from a Cd-109 source show highly effective surface event rejection down to the heat threshold energy. Neutron and gamma source calibrations were realised to get information on the fiducial volume of the Ge absorber. First results from low background data taking are discussed.

Published
2008
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41. Passive THz imaging system for stand-off identification of concealed objects

Author

Anssi Rautiainen, J.S. Penttila, Panu Helistö, A. Luukanen, Jon E. Bjarnason, Tuomas Haarnoja, Mikko Leivo, K. Kataja, Erich N. Grossman, Leif Grönberg, Charles Dietlein, M. D. Ramirez, and Appleby, Roger

Subjects
Pixel, Computer science, business.industry, Terahertz radiation, Superconducting sensors, Detector, Bolometer, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Frame rate, Bolometers, law.invention, Identification (information), Optics, Passive mm-wave imaging, law, THz imaging, Temporal resolution, Stand-off detection, Key (cryptography), Cryogenic detectors, business, Concealed weapons detection, Remote sensing
Abstract

Passive imaging of concealed objects at stand-off distances in excess of a few meters requires both excellent spatial, thermal and temporal resolution from the terahertz imaging system. The combination of these requirements while keeping the overall system cost at a reasonable level has been the motivation for this joint work. The THz imaging system under development is capable of sub-Kelvin NETD at video frame rates. In this paper we report the first imaging results from a 16-pixel array of superconducting antenna-coupled NbN vacuum-bridge microbolometers, operated within a cryogen-free, turn-key refrigerator. In addition to the system overview, we shall also address the uniformity of the detectors and present passive indoors raster-scanned imagery.

Published
2008
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42. Dark matter results in the MIBETA experiment

Author

G. Pessina, M. Pavan, Oliviero Cremonesi, L. Zanotti, C. Bucci, C. Brofferio, A. Alessandrello, A. Nucciotti, Carlos Pobes, M. Vanzini, A. Giuliani, Ezio Previtali, S. Pirro, Ettore Fiorini, Pirro, S, Alessandrello, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Cremonesi, O, Fiorini, E, Giuliani, A, Nucciotti, A, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pobes, C, Previtali, E, Vanzini, M, and Zanotti, L

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, BOLOMETERS, Detector, Dark matter, Bolometer, CRYOGENIC DETECTORS, Spectral line, law.invention, WIMP, law, Double beta decay, SEARCH, Dilution refrigerator, Tellurium oxide, MODULATION, THERMAL DETECTOR, DECAY
Abstract

During a Double Beta Decay experiment performed at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, a 274 hours low-threshold background spectra was collected with a 340 g TeO2 detector. The MIBETA experiment consists of 20 Tellurium oxide crystals working as bolometers at T = 10 mK in a dilution refrigerator. We present here the analysis carried out on a single detector to search for possible WIMP signal. The values of parameters which are essential in the search for WIMP's, like energy resolution (similar to 2 keV), energy threshold (10 keV) and nuclear quenching factor (similar or equal to 1) have been experimentally determined and are discussed in detail. The exclusion plot of the spin-independent cross section of WIMP's on the nuclei is reported.

Published
2001

43. A massive thermal detector for alpha and gamma spectroscopy

Author

Ezio Previtali, G. Pessina, V. Fafone, Oliviero Cremonesi, L. Zanotti, C. Brofferio, M. Vanzini, C. Bucci, S. Parmeggiano, Ettore Fiorini, A. Alessandrello, M. Pavan, A. Giuliani, A. Nucciotti, S. Pirro, E. Coccia, and A. Rotilio

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Bolometer, Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Alpha-particle spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_element, Alpha spectroscopy, Germanium, law.invention, Gamma spectroscopy, Cryogenic detectors, Optics, chemistry, law, Spectroscopy, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Instrumentation, Diode
Abstract

A massive bolometer with a 760 g TeO2 crystal as energy absorber, the largest employed underground, has been realized and operated in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory for γ- and α-ray spectroscopy. A new system of mechanical suspensions was implemented to reduce vibration and thermal noise, and special care was put to the read-out electronics. As a consequence the FWHM resolution for high-energy γ-rays became comparable to that of Germanium diodes. The 4.2 keV average FWHM resolution for the 5407 keV line is the best ever obtained for α particles with any type of detector.

Published
2000

44. High-temperature superconducting level meter for liquid argon detectors

Author

Antonio Bueno, A. Melgarejo, J.L. Navarro, S. Sánchez Navas, and A.G. Ruiz

Subjects
Superconductivity, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Capacitive sensing, Detector, Dark matter, Measure (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Volume (thermodynamics), Metre, Optoelectronics, Cryogenic detectors, Control and monitor systems on-line, Superconductive detectors, Neutrino, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

Capacitive devices are customarily used as probes to measure the level of noble liquids in detectors operated for neutrino studies and dark matter searches. In this work we describe the use of a high-temperature superconducting material as an alternative to control the level of a cryogenic noble liquid. Lab measurements indicate that the superconductor shows a linear behaviour, a high degree of stability and offers a very accurate determination of the liquid volume. This device is therefore a competitive instrument and shows several advantages over conventional level meters., This work has been carried out under the auspices of the Spanish Ministry of Education & Science (Grant FPA2006-00684).

Published
2008
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45. Characterization of large area photomultipliers and its application to dark matter search with noble liquid detectors

Author

J.L. Navarro, S. Sánchez Navas, Antonio Bueno, J. Lozano, A.G. Ruiz, F.J. Munoz, and A. Melgarejo

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Linearity, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Photon detectors, IR photons, Parameter space, UV, Photomultipliers, Characterization (materials science), Phototube, Optics, HPDs, Calibration, Cryogenic detectors, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

There is growing interest in the use of noble liquid detectors to study particle properties and search for new phenomena. In particular, they are extremely suitable for performing direct searches for dark matter. In this kind of experiments, the light produced after an interaction within the sensitive volume is usually read-out by photomultipliers. The need to go to masses in the tonne scale to explore deeper regions of the parameter space, calls for the use of large area photomultipliers. In this paper we address the need to perform laboratory calibration measurements of these large photomultipliers, in particular to characterize its behaviour at cryogenic temperatures where no reference from the manufacturer is available. We present comparative tests of phototubes from two companies. The tests are performed in conditions similar to those of operation in a real experiment. Measurements of the most relevant phototube parameters (quantum efficiency, gain, linearity, etc.) both at room and liquid Argon temperatures are reported. The results show that the studied phototubes comply with the stringent requirements posed by current dark matter searches performed with noble-liquid detectors., This work has been supported by CICYT Grants FPA-2006-00684, FPA-2002-01835 and FPA- 2005-07605-C02-01.

Published
2008
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46. The cyogenic anticoincidence detector for ATHENA X-IFU: preliminary test of AC-S9 towards the demonstration model

Author

G. Gallucci, Michele Biasotti, M. D'Andrea, A. Volpe, Luigi Piro, Gabriele Minervini, V. Ceriale, A. Argan, Simone Lotti, Claudio Macculi, Guido Torrioli, and Flavio Gatti

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, X-ray detector, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Thermal conductivity, Optics, Etching (microfabrication), 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Anticoincidence, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Condensed Matter Physics, Threshold energy, ATHENA, Cryogenic detectors, TES, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Transition edge sensor, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

Our team is developing the Cryogenic Anticoincidence Detector (CryoAC) of the ATHENA X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU). It is a 4-pixels TES-based detector, which will be placed less than 1 mm below the main TES array detector. We are now producing the CryoAC Demonstration Model (DM): a single pixel prototype able to probe the detector critical technologies, i.e. the operation at 50 mK thermal bath, the threshold energy at 20 keV and the reproducibility of the thermal conductance between the suspended absorber and the thermal bath. This detector will be integrated and tested in our cryogenic setup at INAF/IAPS, and then delivered to SRON for the integration in the X-IFU Focal Plane Assemby (FPA) DM. In this paper we report the status of the CryoAC DM development, showing the main result obtained with the last developed prototype, namely AC-S9. This is a DM-like sample, which we have preliminary integrated and tested before performing the final etching process to suspend the silicon absorber. The results are promising for the DM, since despite the limitations due to the absence of the final etching (high thermal capacity, high thermal conductance, partial TES surface coverage), we have been able to operate the detector with TB = 50 mK and to detect 6 keV photons, thus having a low energy threshold fully compatible with our requirement (20 keV)., Comment: Proceeding of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2018

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47. Review of Liquid Argon Detector Technologies in the Neutrino Sector

Author

K. Majumdar and K. Mavrokoridis

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, lcsh:Technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, lcsh:Chemistry, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), cryogenic detectors, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, micropattern gaseous detectors, 010306 general physics, Projection (set theory), lcsh:QH301-705.5, Instrumentation, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Physics, ICARUS, Scintillation, Time projection chamber, lcsh:T, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Process Chemistry and Technology, Detector, General Engineering, photon detectors for UV, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), noble liquid detectors, lcsh:QC1-999, Computer Science Applications, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Neutrino detector, lcsh:TA1-2040, time projection chambers, Neutrino, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:Physics, neutrino detectors
Abstract

Liquid Argon (LAr) is one of the most widely used scintillators in particle detection, due to its low cost, high availability and excellent scintillation properties. A large number of experiments in the neutrino sector are based around using LAr in one or more Time Projection Chambers (TPCs), leading to high resolution three-dimensional particle reconstruction. In this paper, we review and summarise a number of these Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) experiments, and briefly describe the specific technologies that they currently employ. This includes single phase LAr experiments (ICARUS T600, MicroBooNE, SBND, LArIAT, DUNE-SP, ProtoDUNE-SP, ArgonCube and Vertical Drift) and dual phase LAr experiments (DUNE-DP, WA105, ProtoDUNE-DP and ARIADNE). We also discuss some new avenues of research in the field of LArTPC readout, which show potential for wide-scale use in the near future., Comment: 59 pages, 54 figures

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