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The aim of the research was to determine the effects of red ginseng root powder on performance, immune system, caecal microbial population and some blood parameters in broilers. A total of 224 daily Ross 308 male broiler chicks were divided into one control group and three experimental groups each containing 56 chicks. Red ginseng root powder was added to the diets of groups at the level of 0, 75, 150 and 225 mg/kg, respectively. The experimental period was 38 days. There were no differences in growth performance. Addition of 225 mg/kg of the red ginseng root powder increased the relative weight percentages of spleen and gizzard (P

The aim of the present study was to investigate the usage of thyme leaves and its effects on performance, some egg quality traits and humoral immunity in laying hens. A total of 108 laying hens aged 36 weeks were randomly assigned to three dietary groups for 16 weeks. Dried and ground (Thymus vulgaris L.) thyme leaves were used at the level of 0, 1 and 2% in the diets of groups. Feed intake, body weight, egg production, egg weight and egg quality characteristics were not affected by dietary thyme supplementation. Thyme supplementation at 2% resulted in beneficial effects in laying hens due to the lowering of yolk cholesterol and total saturated fatty acids concentration while increasing omega-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the yolk malondialdehyde, blood serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels were reduced and antibody titers against SRBC were increased with 2% thyme supplementation. In conclusion, the results showed the antioxidative and hypolipidemic effects of thyme supplementation in laying hens along with improved humoral immune response without any negative effects on performance and egg quality characteristics.

This study was proposed to examine the effects of pine needles powder (Pinus brutia) supplementation on growth performance, breast meat composition, and antioxidant status in broilers fed linseed oil-based diets. For this purpose, a total of 210, Ross-308 1-day-old male broiler chicks were allocated to 5 experimental groups each containing 42 birds. Broilers were fed a linseed oil-based basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 0.25% (P1), 0.50% (P2), 0.75% (P3), and 1% (P4) pine needles powder. During the 42-D feeding period, no significant differences were observed between experimental groups for body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio; however, carcass yield was increased linearly with pine needles powder supplementation. No marked changes in the breast meat chemical composition were observed among experimental groups. Supplemental pine needles powder linearly decreased the malondialdehyde concentration in breast meat and liver tissues; however, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of breast meat samples remained unaffected. No significant variation was observed among experimental groups for superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in blood erythrocyte lysates, but blood serum total oxidation status tended to decrease with pine needles powder supplementation. In conclusion, results suggested that pine needles powder supplementation to broiler diets could be a viable option to improve the animal antioxidant status and meat oxidative stability; however, supplementation of Pinus brutia needles powder up to 1% into broiler diets was not sufficient to efficiently curb the fat-induced oxidation in meat. Further investigation is needed to determine the full antioxidant potential of pine needles powder supplementation in poultry by comparing different pine species, evaluating the bioavailability of their active compounds and determining most effective dietary concentration for broiler meat production without any adverse effects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate some pelleting characteristics of beef cattle concentrate with added sepiolite and potassium humate alone or combined. For this purpose, one control group (basal concentrate) with no additive and five treatment groups with 1% sepiolite (S), 0.25% potassium humate (H-25), 0.50% potassium humate (H-50), 1% sepiolite + 0.25% potassium humate (SH-25) and 1% sepiolite + 0.50% potassium humate (SH-50) added as top-dressed into mixer were used. For each experimental group, a total of 36 tons of pellet concentrates were produced in six batches with 6 tons per batch. The basal pelleted concentrate included 90.29% dry matter, 14.51% crude protein, 11.76% crude fibre and 3.14% ether extract. Results showed that adding sepiolite up to 1% in beef cattle concentrate as top-dressed in mixer reduced moisture losses and improved the durability of pelleted feed. Sepiolite addition also lowered pellet water activity during storage. Adding potassium humate alone up to 0.50% was not enough to improve the pellet quality in terms of durability or water activity. Potassium humate supplementation alone or with sepiolite presented with lower moisture losses than control, and it was more evident during storage. In conclusion, the use of sepiolite in beef cattle concentrates as pellet binder seemed to be providing more durable feed pellets with lower water activity. Promising results were obtained from both the supplements in limiting the moisture losses post- pelleting and storage. Regarding the role of potassium humate as pellet binder in animal feed industry further research is needed.

The aim of the study was to explain the effects of betaine and sepiolite in diets on performance, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters and some intestinal health parameters in broilers. A total of 192 daily Ross 308 male broiler chicks were divided into one control group and three experiment groups each containing 48 chicks. Betaine and sepiolite was added as top dressed to the diets of experimental groups at the level of 0.15% betaine (1st group), 1.5% sepiolite (2nd group) and 0.15% betaine + 1.5% sepiolite (3rd group). Sepiolite and betaine were not added to the diet of control group. The experimental period was 6 weeks. No differences were observed in body weight, overall body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and the relative weights of gizzard, heart, liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius among groups. The relative weight of abdominal fat decreased with betaine usage. Supplemental betaine increased relative percentage of kidney weight. Dietary supplementation of betaine with sepiolite had some positive effects on intestinal histomorphology characteristics. The level of serum triglyceride was reduced with 0.15% betaine inclusion in the diet. Albumin, cholesterol, protein, uric acid, AST, ALP and ALT levels of blood serum were not affected by betaine with and without sepiolite supplement. Blood serum IgG level was increased by dietary supplementation of betaine with and without sepiolite. It is concluded that the dietary usage of betaine with sepiolite in broilers can be useful in the field due to having some improvements in intestinal histomorphology and immunity.

Bu araştırma, gökkuşağı alabalıkları rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde maya otolizatı ilavesinin performans, bazı kan parametreleri ve lizozim aktivitesi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütüldü. Araştırmada hayvan materyali olarak ortalama ağırlıkları 35 g olan 180 adet gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) kullanıldı. Deneme, her biri 60 adet hayvandan oluşan bir kontrol ve iki deneme olmak üzere toplam üç grup halinde yürütüldü. Her grup 20 balıktan oluşan üç alt gruba ayrıldı. Birinci ve ikinci deneme grupları rasyonlarına sırasıyla %0.1 ve %0.2 düzeylerinde maya otolizatı (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ilave edildi. Deneme sekiz hafta sürdürüldü. Deneme sonunda yemlerine maya otolizatı ilave edilen balıklarda canlı ağırlık ve spesifik büyüme hızı kontrol grubuna gore daha yüksek bulundu. Rasyonlarda maya otolizatı kullanımı yem dönüşüm oranını olumlu yönde etkiledi. Alabalık rasyonlarına maya otolizatı ilavesi deneme sonunda boy, kondisyon faktörü, serum lizozim aktivitesi, toplam protein ve kolesterol değerleri arasında farklılık yaratmadı, serum trigliserit düzeyi maya otolizatı ilavesi ile azaldı. Rasyonlarına maya otolizatı ilave edilmiş balıklara ait karaciğer lizozim düzeyleri kontrol grubundan yüksek bulundu (P0.05). Sonuç olarak, Gökkuşağı alabalık rasyonlarına maya otolizatı ilavesi performans, spesifik büyüme hızı ve karaciğer lizozim düzeyinde artış sağladığından etkili bir katkı maddesi olabileceği kanısına varıldı. Ayrıca maya otolizatının %0.1 ve %0.2 düzeyinde kullanılması arasında performans ve diğer parametreler bakımından bir farklılık gözlenmediğinden, Gökkuşağı alabalık rasyonlarında maya otolizatı %0.1 düzeyinde kullanılabilir, The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on performance characteristics, some blood parameters and lysozyme activity in rainbow trouts. A total of 180 rainbow trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing approximately 35 g were used in this experiment. They were divided into one control group and two treatment groups each containing 60 fish. Each group was divided into three subgroups each containing 20 fish. The diets of the first and second treatment groups were supplemented with 0.1% and 0.2% yeast autolysates, respectively. The experimental period lasted for eight weeks. Fish, fed diets with yeast autolysate exhibited higher body weights and specific growth rates than those fed with control diet after eight weeks of experimental period. Feed conversion ratio was improved by dietary yeast autolysate. There were no significant differences among the groups on length, condition factor, serum lysozyme activity, serum total protein and serum cholesterol at the end of the experiment. Serum triglyceride levels decreased with yeast autolysate. Liver lysozyme level was higher in fish fed with diets including yeast autolysate than that of fed with control diet (P

This study was designed to investigate the effects of the usage of glycerol from biodiesel production from soybean oil in laying hen diets on laying performance, egg traits, heterophils to lymphocytes ratio (H/L), some blood parameters and antibody production to SRBC. A total of 180 Lohmann Brown laying hens 39 weeks of age were allocated to four dietary treatments with one control group and three treatment groups and fed for 16 weeks. Each group was divided into five replicates as subgroups, comprising of 9 hens each. Glycerol was used at the level of 2.5, 5 and 7.5% in the diets of the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. The diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, egg weight, feed efficiency, mortality, egg albumen index, egg yolk index and egg Haugh unit, yolk weight percentage, exterior egg quality characteristics, excreta moisture, H/L ratio, blood parameters and antibody production to SRBC. Hens fed diets with 7.5% glycerol consumed significantly less feed than those of the other groups. Egg yolk cholesterol concentration was significantly higher for hens fed diets with 5 and 7.5% glycerol as compared to those of the other groups (P

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary black cumin seed on performance, egg traits, egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens during a 12 week period. For this purpose a total of 160 Lohmann Brown laying hens 36 weeks of age were allocated to four dietary treatments with one control group and three treatment groups. Black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) was used at the level of 5, 10 and 15 g kg−1 in the diets of the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. RESULTS: Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, feed intake, egg production, egg quality characteristics and blood parameters. Diets containing 10 and 15 g kg−1 black cumin seed increased egg weight (P < 0.01), improved feed efficiency (P < 0.01) and decreased egg yolk cholesterol, saturated fatty acids (% of total fatty acid methyl esters) and the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05) compared to the diet of control group. CONCLUSION: Dietary black cumin seed at the level of 10 and 15 g kg−1 had beneficial effects on egg weight, feed efficiency, egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition. Therefore it can be used at the level of 10 and 15 g kg−1 in the diets of laying hens. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic powder on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens. One hundred and sixty-two SHSY-type brown layers aged 21 weeks were chosen at random from a large flock. They were allocated to three dietary treatments. Each treatment comprised six replicates of nine layers in groups of three. The diets were supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g kg−1 garlic powder. The experimental period lasted 22 weeks. Garlic powder addition did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg shell index, egg breaking strength, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index, egg Haugh unit, egg yolk weight and serum protein concentration. Egg weight increased (P < 0.01) with garlic powder supplementation. There was a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in egg cholesterol concentration as mg g−1 yolk when the dietary level of garlic powder was increased from 0 to 10 g kg−1. Hen serum triglyceride (P < 0.05) and total cholesterol (P < 0.01) concentrations decreased with garlic powder supplementation. This study demonstrated that garlic powder addition increased egg weight and decreased egg yolk cholesterol concentration (mg g−1 yolk) and serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations without adverse effects on performance and egg traits. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry

This study involved two separate experiments to determine the effects of tannic acid and lignosulfonate treatments of sunflower seed meal on the digestibility and rumen degradability characteristics of some nutrients in rams. Sunflower seed meal was treated with 3, 6 and 9% tannic acid, 5 and 10% lignosulfonate. In the first experiment, the digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein of sunflower seed meal samples were determined by a faeces collection method using 5 merino rams aged 1.5 years and weighing 66.5 kg. Tannic acid treatments of sunflower seed meal at the level of 3, 6 and 9% did not have any effect on in vivo crude nutrient digestibility. Crude protein digestibility values were not affected by the treatment of 5% lignosulfonate of sunflower seed meal but were decreased significantly (p

The dry-matter (DM) intake and growth rate in male lambs were predicted from rumen degradability characteristics, rumen DM losses at different times, neutral- or acid-detergent fibre (NDF or ADF) contents and DM apparent digestibility of roughages. Four different straws consisting of wheat, barley, oat and rice were each offered ad libitum to 24 Merino male lambs with 200 glday concentrate for 4 weeks to determine DM intake and growth rate. Apparent digestibilities of the straws were measured with three Merino male sheep. Measurements were made during the last 10 days of each 20-day period. The degradation characteristics of the straws were measured by incubating samples in nylon bags for 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in the rumens of three Merino male sheep fitted with rumen cannulae. The exponential model p = a + b(l - er^) was fitted to the data. Potential degradabilities of DM (defined as a + b) and apparent digestibilities of DM ranged from 530 to 679 and 440 to 560 g/kg, respectively. The mean DM intake of the straws varied from 543 to 745 glday, the digestible DM intake from 236 to 417 glday and growth rate from 17 to 95 glday. Using the degradation characteristics A, B and c in a multiple regression analysis, the correlation coefficients with DM intake and growth rate were 0·79 and 0·70, respectively. NDF and ADF were related to DM intake (i = 0·65; r = 0·64) and growth rate (r = 0·55; r = 0·56). The correlation coefficient between DM apparent digestibility and DM intake was 0·76. It is concluded that the rumen degradation characteristics have potential for predicting intake of straws and growth rate in sheep.

WOS: 000294879500008, This study was conducted to determine the nutritive value of live yeast culture (RumiSacc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and to investigate its effects on milk yield, milk composition and some blood parameters in lactating cows. Six multiparous Holstein cows were allocated to two groups of three cows and assigned randomly to one of two diets in a cross-over experiment. Daily 50 g RumiSacc was top dressed at the p.m. feeding for the treatment group. RumiSacc supplied a high protein and energy with high organic matter digestibility values (83.35%) determined by in vitro enzymatic analysis. Yeast culture supplementation significantly increased milk yield, tended to increase fat yield, protein yield and lactose yield of milk. Methylated fatty acid level of 18:3 (n-3) in milk fat was increased by yeast culture supplementation. The concentrations of methionine, phenyalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan and taurine were significantly increased with dietary inclusion of yeast culture. Live yeast culture supplementation did not affect other performance characteristics, milk quality characteristics and blood parameters. As a conclusion live yeast culture (RumiSacc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) had high nutritive value and positive effects on milk production and some milk quality characteristics in lactating cows under field conditions.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary yeast autolysate on performance, egg traits, egg cholesterol content, egg yolk fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation of egg yolk, some blood parameters and humoral immune response of laying hens during a 16 week period. A total of 225 Hyline Brown laying hens, 22 weeks of age, were allocated equally to one control group and four treatment groups. Yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, InteWall) was used at levels of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g kg−1 in the diets of the first, second, third and fourth treatment groups respectively. RESULTS: Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, feed intake and egg traits. Yeast autolysate supplementation increased egg production (P < 0.001) and egg weight (P < 0.001) and improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05). Yeast autolysate at levels of 2, 3 and 4 g kg−1 decreased egg yolk cholesterol level as mg g−1 yolk (P < 0.01) and blood serum levels of cholesterol and triglyceride (P < 0.05) and increased antibody titres to sheep red blood cells (P < 0.01). Total saturated fatty acids and the ratio of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids increased (P < 0.01) and total monounsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.001) decreased with yeast autolysate supplementation. CONCLUSION: Dietary yeast autolysate at levels of 2, 3 and 4 g kg−1 had beneficial effects on performance, egg cholesterol content and humoral immune response. It is concluded that 2 g kg−1 yeast autolysate will be enough to have beneficial effects in laying hens. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry

This study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary sepiolite on performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters of broilers. A total of 204 daily Ross 308 female broiler chicks were allocated into one control group and two treatment groups each containing 68 chicks. Sepiolite was used at the level of 0%, 0.5% and 1% for the diets of control group and the first and second treatment groups, respectively. The experimental period lasted 6 weeks. Supplemental sepiolite improved body weight (P

This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary garlic powder on laying performance, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol level of quails. A total of three hundred quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged nine weeks were used. They were allocated to 3 dietary treatments. Each treatment comprised 5 replicates of 20 quails. The diets were supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder. The experimental period lasted 21 weeks. The addition of garlic powder did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index and egg Haugh unit. Adding 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder to the laying quail diets increased egg weight (p

Bu araştırma, findık küspesi ve findık içi kabuğunun rumende parçalanma özellikleriniin situ naylon kese tekniği ile belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Araştırmada rumen kanülü takılmış, ortalama 40 kg ağırlığında 3 ergin erkek Ankara keçisikullantllmştır. Hayvanlara iyi kaliteli kıyılmış kuru çayır otu ad libitum verilmiştir. Fındık küspesi vefindık içi kabuğu numuneleri 4,8,/6,24,48 ve 72 saatlik sürelerde rumene inkübe edilmiştir. Yemmaddelerinde ve inkübasyondan sonra kalan numunelerde ham besin madde miktarlarıbelirlenmiştir. Yem maddelerinin rumende parçalanma özellikleri p = a + b (/ - e-u) eşitliğindenyararlantlarak hesaplanmıştır.Fındık kÜ!ıpesi ve findık içi kabuğunun rumende maksimum potansiyel parçalanabilirliği(o + b) sırası ile kuru madde için % 94.14 ve 36.89, ham protein için % 97.02 ve 18.34 olarakbulunmuştur. Rumende ham protein parçalanma hız sabiti değerleri findık kü.\pesi ve findık içikahuğu için sırasıyla 0.5332 ve 0.0681/saat olarak tespit edilmiştir.Araştırma sonucu yem maddelerine ait elde edilen rumende parçalanma özellikleri,ruminamlar için daha ekonomik ra!ıyon yapılmasına ışık tutacaktır.

Bu araştırma, rasyonlara katılan % ı,2,3,4 ve 5 düzeylerindeki laktik asitin bıldırcınlarda besi performansı, karkas randımanı ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Araştırmada toplam 552 adet dört günlük Japon bıldırcın civcivi (Coturnix cotunıixjaponica)kullanılmıştır. Her birinde 92 adet civciv bulunan bir kontrol ve beş deneme grubu düzenlenmiştir.Araştırma otuzbir gün sürdürülmüştür.Bıldırcın rasyonlarında % 5'e kadar laktik asit bulunması, araştırma sonunda canlı ağırlık,canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve karkas randımanı bakımından istatistikiaçıdan bir farklılık oluşturmamıştır. Bununla birlikte otuzbir günlük araştırma süresince rasyonunda% 1,2,4 ve 5 düzeylerinde laktik asit bulunan gruplar, kontrol grubuna göre bir kg canlı ağırlık artışıiçin % 4.4-5.3 düzeyinde daha az yem tüketmiştir. Rasyonlarında % 4 ve % 5 laktik asit bulunangrupların kan serumunda total protein ve total kolesterol değerleri kontrol grubuna göre istatistiki açıdan önemli derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p

1. The apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and the true metabolisable energy (TME) contents of some feedingstuffs were determined with cockerels. The test materials consisted of feed-grade lentil, lentil bran and wild vetch seed. 2. The average values of nitrogen lost, endogenous energy losses (EEL) and endogenous energy losses corrected to zero-nitrogen balance (EELN) were found to be 1.18 g, 62.13 kJ and 21.51 kJ/bird/48h, respectively, from adult cockerels given an energy supply as 50 g glucose during starvation. 3. The nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy (AME(N)) values for feed-grade lentil, lentil bran and wild vetch seed, respectively, were 6.84, 3.05 and 14.31 kJ/g dry matter. The nitrogen-corrected true metabolisable energy (TMEN) values for the respective feedingstuffs were 7.44, 3.65 and 14.90 kJ/g dry matter.

Çeşitli mercimek )'Cm ürünlcrind~ ()'fmlik mercimek, iyi kalitelimercimek kepeği, kötü kaliteli mercimek kepeği), kuru madde (KM), organikmadde (OM), azat (.iV), 1lijtral deterjan fiber (NDF) ve asit dete~jan fiber(ADF)'in rumende ]ıkılabilirlikleri in situ naylon torba tekniği ile 'belirlendi.Araştırmada rumen kanülü takılmış, ortalam), 40 kg ağırlığUlda olan3 baş Ankara keçi tekesi kullanıldı. Hayvanlar iyi kaliteli kıyılmış kuru çayırotu ile beslendiler.Yemlik mercimekte KAl, OM, NDF vı ADF'nin yıkıhibilirliği, diğermercimek yan ürünlerinden deka )'iiksek hulundv. Yemlik mercimek, iyi ile Mtükaliteli mercimek kepeği kuru maddesinin mmende maksimum jJotans(yel yıkılabilen değerleri sırasıyla % 87,58, 67.55 ve 5 ı.85 olarak belirlendi ..lvIerdmek yan ürünlerinin, ii;;;eUikle)'Cmlik mercimeğin, rumende çozunebilen ve yıkılabilen o'{.otlUıfazla miktarda olduğu gözlendi. Bu durum,mercimek yan ürünlerinin, runıenfonksiyonu için çözünehilert ve yıkılabilen 'azotsağlayarak düşük dü::.qde az:,ot kapS{l)'a71k{ıba yemleri tamamlayıcı olarakkullanılabileceğini göstermektedir

Summary: This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of the usage of L-carnitine in diets with different levels of energy on some productive characteristics and blood parameters of Japanese quail. A total of 204 quail chicks aged one week (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were used. They were divided into four groups each containing 51 quail chicks. Diets having normal (3000 kcal/kg) and low (2700 kcal/kg) metabolizable energy level were supplemented with 0 and 100 mg/kg L-carnitine. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenic. The experimental period lasted five weeks. L-carnitine supplementation to the diets having normal energy level did not affect the live weight at the end of the experiment, total live weight gain, feed intake per one kg live weight gain and carcass yield but increased total feed intake (p

This stucly was edrricd out LO cleternıine the cfleets of the usage of enzyıııe. prohiotie or anııhioıiL ~ı1üne or iııLomhınaliOLJ ın the raUons ,)n live weight. feed consıımption. egg procluetion. feed effieieney ~ınd cgg qualiıy or I~ıving Iıen' !\ ı"I~ı1Ol' iSı) Isa Brown layer, aged 2S weeks \Vere ıısed in this experınıent. They were dıvıded iLJto 7 groLJps (i Cl'nırol 'lIlel (ı ıreaııııenıgroLJP'1 e,ıciı contaııııng 27 hens. Eaeh group was divided into 3 .subgroups containing l) hens. Diels hasc'd on wlıc'al ~1I1dh~ırlcy \ıCIl'~1I"'~\Ilged.Experimenıal dieıs were ,upplcmenıed with enzyme. probiolie ancl antihıotıc ~ı1one or in eoıııhindıııın. Cirında/ym'\1 Cil'5(HHI (lıeıııicellulase, pel\lOSdna,e, p-glueandse (SIlOO uniı/g). pectinase, proted,e, anıylase) at ıhe levels of 11.5 kg/ııın 'I' en/vıııe.13locell (S(/(.clwrtll17IC1'S u'rev/sıal'. 2.5 X lO'! CFU/g) dt O.7S kg/ton as probiotie and Sıafae 20 (2ch vırginıaıııycıııı ~ii i kg/ıon d'dıııihıoıic (20 ppm virginiamycin) were USl'd. The cxperinıental period lasted 21l weeb. At ıhe enel of ıhe ,tııclv, tlıere were noS!aıi'licdly differenees anıong ıhe groups ın live weight. feed e1lieieney. cgg yolk index. egg white inclex ,ınci egg ILıııglı llIlıh EggprodLJLlion \vas signirieanıly inereased (p~1I11lhIOIIL+prohıoıie dnd enzyme+prnbiotie lo ıhe rdtioııs. Egg \Veight WdS signifiedntly ınıprovee! (por enıyıııe. antibıoıie+probioııe ancl enzynıe+probiotie to the raııons. As a resıılt. the suppleıııentaıion of prohıoıı" ",iılı eıı/yınc or~lIl1lhıolıC LO the ralions based on wheat and barley inıproved cgg produetion and egg, weıght wiıhollt d,!Yer.sc c'llel'l ıııı IcedelTıeiency and sonıe egg (jııaliıy eharaeteristies.)>

Bu araştırma broyler rasyonlarında probiyotik (protexin7M) veantibiyotiğin (zinc bacitracin) birlikte veya ayrı ayrı kullanımlarının canlı ağırlıkartışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı, karkas randımanı ve yenilebilir içorganların ağırlığı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Araştırmada toplam 160 adet ticari Ross PM3 erkek broyler civcivkullanılmıştır. Araştırma her biri 40 civcivden oluşan 1 kontrol. 3 deneme olmaküzere toplam 4 grup halinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırma 42 gün sürdürülmüştür.Bütün gruplar 1-14. günlerde broyler civciv başlangıç yemi, 15-42. günlerdede broyler büyütme yemi ile beslenmişlerdir. Kontrol grubuna probiyotik ve antibiyotik kapsamayan yem verilmiştir. Birinci, 2. ve 3. deneme gruplarırasyonlarına ise sırasıyla protexin™, zinc bacitracin ve protexin'lM + zincbacitracin ilave edilmiştir.Ara,çtırma sonunda gruplar arasında canlı ağırlık, karkas randımanı veyenilebilir iç organların ağırlığı bakımından istatistiki açıdan farklılıkbulunamamıştır. Kırkiki günlük araştırma süresince kontrol ve denemegruplarında ortalama canlı ağırlık artışları sırasıyla 2199.96, 2259.91, 2323.12 ve2279.89 g olarak saptanmış, bir kg canlı ağırlık artışı için tüketilen yem miktarlarıise sırasıyla 1.87, 1.87, 1.86 ve 1.87 kg olarak belirlenmiştir.Bu ara,çtırmada rasyonlara probiyotik ve/veya antibiyotik ilavesininbroylerlerde canlı ağırlık artışı, yemden yararlanma, karkas randımanı veyenilebilir iç organların ağırlığı üzerine önemli bi,. etkisinin olmadığı sonucunavarılmıştır.