1. Long-Term Binge and Escalating Ethanol Exposure Causes Necroinflammation and Fibrosis in Rat Liver
- Author
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Amin A. Nanji, Caiyan Zhao, Jiang Zhian, Wei Wang, Zhen Zhen, and Jun-ying Zhou
- Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis ,Male ,Alcoholic liver disease ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Binge drinking ,Inflammation ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Binge Drinking ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Necrosis ,Fibrosis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,Liver injury ,Ethanol ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,Cyclooxygenase 1 ,Cytokines ,Tyrosine ,Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ,Inflammation Mediators ,Steatosis ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Procollagen ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Background To investigate whether “binge” and escalating alcohol exposure in the rat influences the development of pathological liver injury. Methods Time courses for the formation of eicosanoids by cyclooxygenase (COX), oxidative stress and nitrosative stress production, expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), cytokines, hepatic tissue necroinflammation, and fibrosis were assessed in rats during 16 weeks of daily alcohol gavage. Results In this model of binge and escalating levels of alcohol, hepatic steatosis, necrosis, and inflammation as well as fibrosis were increased over the 16-week period. The levels of COX-2, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, HIF-1, proinflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-6), and procollagen-I were increased over the 16-week period. The content of IL-10 in rat serum increased at the end of 4 and 8 weeks but decreased thereafter and was significantly decreased at 12 and 16 weeks. Conclusions A rat model of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) with long-term binge and escalating ethanol exposure was developed. Our data support the hypothesis that enhanced eicosanoid production by COX, oxidative stress and nitrosative stress, HIF-1, and the imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ALD.
- Published
- 2012