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Purpose: The purpose of this concept delineation was to differentiate similar concepts impacting nurse well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, including: compassion fatigue, burnout, moral injury, secondary traumatic stress, and second victim. Methods: A total of 63 articles were reviewed for concept delineation. Morse's (1995) approach to concept delineation was utilized to analyse the articles. Results: Concepts were described interchangeably but were found to present themselves in a sequence. A nurse may experience moral injury, leading to a second victim experience, synonymous with secondary traumatic stress, then compassion fatigue and/or burnout that can be acute or chronic in nature. An Occupational Trauma Conceptual Model was created to depict how these concepts interact based on concept delineation findings. Conclusion: Nurses are experiencing long-lasting occupational trauma and future intervention research should centre on optimizing nurse well-being to ensure the sustainability of nursing profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused many challenges in healthcare. A quarantine and treatment centre was established to cope with surging a. Healthcare workers (HCWs) who were deployed here may experience burnout. This paper aims to assess the prevalence of burnout and quality of life (QOL) among the Ministry of Health Malaysia HCWs who worked in a quarantine and treatment centre in Malaysia and determine the predictive factors of burnout. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study population was all HCWs deployed in the quarantine centre between September 2021 and December 2021. The World Health Organization QOL Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) were utilised and distributed online. Result: A total of 377 responses were collected. 31.6% experienced personal burnout, 23.1% had work-related burnout, and 18.3% reported patient-related burnout. The QOL domain scores ranged from 66.7 (IQR=25) to 75.0 (IQR=33.3). Those ≥ 40 years old and served ≥6 years had significantly higher QOL than their younger counterparts. Significant predictors of personal and patient-related burnout were those <40 years old and higher education level, while the significant predictors of work-related burnout were those with 1 - 5 years of service. Conclusion: HCWs stationed in the quarantine centre during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced some burnout and lower QOL than the normal population. Younger workers with fewer years of service tend to have higher burnout and lower QOL scores. Hence, attention should be placed on these groups to receive continuous and relevant assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Occupational burnout is one of the most important consequences of the coronavirus disease pandemic, associated with psychological well-being, quality of care, and intention to leave the nursing profession. This is a major health problem with serious adverse consequences not only for nurses but also for patients and healthcare systems. OBJECTIVE: To assess burnout and its associated factors in nurses who worked in teaching hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses of two COVID-19 referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the sociodemographic form and Maslach burnout inventory-human service survey (MBI-HSS) questionnaire. Data were evaluated using SPSS software version 26. RESULTS: A total of 264 participants, 52.7% (n = 139) were males and the mean of them age was 34.41±9.71 years. Almost 50% of nurses experienced burnout, in each dimension. Emotional exhaustion was associated significantly with job retention intention (P = 0.01) and depersonalization was significantly associated with gender (P = 0.02), age (P = 0.01), educational level (P = 0.004), work shifts (P = 0.006), and job retention intention (P = 0.02). In addition, personal accomplishment score was significantly associated with age (P = 0.002), marital status (P = 0.03), educational level (P = 0.03), work shift (P = 0.04) and job retention intention (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The burnout rate in the COVID-19 era is high among nurses associated with improper care. Psychosocial support is needed to improve mental well-being among health care workers during unpredictable conditions like pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To examine the level of resilience and burnout among British nurses during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the influence of personal, social and organisational factors on nurses' resilience and burnout. Background: Nurses experienced excessive workload and emotional demands over a prolonged period during the COVID‐19 pandemic which may have led to exhaustion. Little research has examined the correlation between the pandemic variables, nurses' resilience and burnout during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design: This study utilised a descriptive, cross‐sectional research design. Methods: A cross‐sectional and self‐report survey involved 111 staff nurses, who completed a self‐administrated questionnaire between January and April 2021. A STORBE checklist was used to report the study results. Findings: The study found that nurses experienced a high level of burnout and low to moderate levels of resilience. The study revealed significant negative relationships between the level of burnout and perceived organisational support and nurses' resilience. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on nurses' social roles and their worries about patient safety were positively correlated with burnout. The perceived organisational support, the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on nurses' social roles and the level of resilience were significant factors for burnout. Conclusions: Nurses experienced a high level of burnout during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic, which may be influenced by how they felt their organisations supported them. Nurses' feelings that the pandemic affected their social roles were associated with increasing their burnout. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Strategies should be developed to address staff burnout and resilience. Nurse managers and educators should play leadership roles in creating professional training to include competencies and psychological preparedness for disasters and to implement strategies to increase the organisational commitments to staff safety and well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health workers' workload is increasing, with the risk of burnout. Several instruments for assessing burnout have been developed since the concept was coined in the 1970s. It is important to map and describe the application of burnout instruments for health workers in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation. This article aimed to map and describe what instruments are used and variations of their application to research burnout in health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review searched articles systematically through 7 databases (PubMed, Clinical Key, Scopus, EBSCOhost, APA PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library). Articles were screened and analyzed following the Arksey and O'Malley framework. From 507 results, 31 peer-reviewed articles were selected. These studies involved 33,879 participants from various health professions. Generally, the research instrument is still dominated by Maslach Burnout Inventory. Applications of burnout measurements vary widely because there is no consensus on the concept of burnout assessment. Inconsistency in burnout-measuring tools can be seen as providing flexibility and alternatives, but at the same time, it is a gap that challenges researchers to develop more comprehensive instruments, especially for the burnout phenomenon in health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Nurses, as the largest working group in the hospital, experience many problems, conflicts, and stressors in the workplace and family especially after the widespread distribution of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE: The perceived conflict and burnout among nurses, as well as the correlation between these two variables and the associated factors, were the main subjects of this study. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 256 nurses from three COVID-19 referral hospitals in northwest Iran. Participants completed demographic, work-family conflict (WFC), and burnout questionnaires. The nonparametric tests including Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation coefficient were applied to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The overall score of conflict was 55.3 (12.7). The time dimension received the highest score 11.4 (2.9). In terms of intensity 27.6 (8.7) and frequency 27.6(8.8), nurses had the most burnout in the lack of personal accomplishment dimension. All aspects of WFC, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization characteristics of burnout had statistically significant positive correlations (p < 0.01). The ward, hospital and employment status variables were associated with WFC (p < 0.05). The association between taking the crisis management course and the severity of depersonalization, and the frequency of lack of personal accomplishment was confirmed (p < 0.01). Additionally, the frequency and severity of emotional exhaustion were associated with employment status and work experiences (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings showed that nurses had WFC and burnout rates that were above average. Regarding the negative effects of these two phenomena on health, and also nurse's clinical practices, rearranging work conditions and providing better organizational support seem necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Working through the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed Health Care Workers to physical and psychological risks that can result in a broad range of mental health problems, including burnout. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors affecting burnout in Iranian Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying the principal factors affecting burnout will assist efforts to prepare for, and, prevent harm, to staff participating in future healthcare emergencies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review of scientific literature using the PRISMA guideline was completed, and included literature published from January 2020 until December 2021. The articles related to burnout in Iranian Health Care Workers during COVID-19 were obtained through Google Scholar, SID, Magiran Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using related keywords. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the obtained data. RESULTS: 203 articles were identified through an initial search and finally, 14 studies were entered into the analysis. Based on the literature review, the principal factors affecting burnout were divided into 2 main themes and 4 subthemes. The themes included human factors, and organizational factors, and the subthemes included individual characteristics, psychosocial factors, occupational conditions, and training. CONCLUSIONS: Individual and psychosocial characteristics have important effects on burnout among Health Care Workers and this can cause negative flow-on effects on the quality of life of these workers, and the quality of medical services. The prevalence of burnout is relatively higher among medical practitioners and nurses, and it is important to enhance coping resources and health education activities that support the resilience of these clinicians in the challenging and stressful context of a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused many physical and psychological effects on front-line healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to assess the relationship between the exposure risk to COVID-19 disease and burnout in prehospital emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: In this correlational study, 335 prehospital EMTs were selected by random sampling method from the 49 stations of emergency medical services in the northwest of Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the world health organization for the risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers to COVID-19. Moreover, Pines burnout measure was used for the assessment of participants' burnout. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. Results: Results showed that 30.7 % of prehospital EMTs had a high burnout score against COVID-19 disease. The prehospital EMTs who had a high occupational exposure risk experienced a high risk of burnout (P = 0.03). The results of the linear regression analysis showed that prehospital EMTs who had a low exposure risk of COVID-19 had a low burnout score (β = -9.30; P < 0.001), and those who had less than 10 years of work experience showed less burnout (β = -10.54; P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the exposure risk to COVID-19 increases the prehospital EMT's burnout. As a result, reducing the exposure risk to COVID-19 by providing adequate access to personal protective equipment (PPE), development of training and following standards and protocols can be effective in controlling burnout in HCWs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to evaluate burnout in intensive care unit nurses and describe the relationship between burnout dimensions and sociodemographic and professional variables. Methods: A pilot study was carried out with 29 intensive care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were collected using an online questionnaire consisting of a sociodemographic characterization and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey. In the comparative statistical analysis, the nonparametric Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used (p < 0.05). Results: The Emotional Exhaustion dimension represented an average of 27.9 ± 10.4, and the Personal Fulfillment of 30.8 ± 7.0 was considered high. Regarding Depersonalization, medium-level results (8.1 ± 6.0) were found. There was a prevalence of 41.3% of high levels of burnout. There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison between the three dimensions and sociodemographic and professional variables (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The global results point to high levels of burnout in nurses, with greater expression in the Emotional Exhaustion and Professional Fulfillment domains. There were no differences between groups, demonstrating homogeneity in the team's level of burnout. The incidence of burnout in this study was higher than that identified in other studies carried out in Portugal with health professionals. This pilot study will allow the defining of strategies for reducing burnout and, consequently, a proposed extension of the study to other organization wards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology (CTJPP) / Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri ve Psikoloji Dergisi is the property of Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology (CTJPP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Bioética is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Bioetica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To identify groups of nurses engaging in coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) care who are most in need of organizational support. Background: Overwhelming stress and susceptibility to burnout have been reported in nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods: Nurses working at five hospitals that accepted COVID‐19 patients answered the questionnaire. The Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic, Self‐Diagnosis Check List for Assessment of Workers' Accumulated Fatigue and Japanese Burnout Scale were evaluated. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between engaging in COVID‐19 care and psychosocial/physical burden. Results: In total, 895 questionnaires were analysed. With experience in caring for COVID‐19 patients as the independent variable, nurses caring for suspected cases had significantly higher standardized Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic scores for 'concerns for infection' (standardized partial regression coefficient β =.921, P =.004), Assessment of Workers' Accumulated Fatigue (β =.445, P =.022) and Japanese Burnout Scale 'emotional exhaustion' (β =.136, P =.021) than those caring for confirmed cases. Conclusions: Nurses caring for suspected COVID‐19 patients have the highest psychological/physical burden and propensity for burnout. Implications for Nursing Management: Extensive support systems are required for nurses caring for confirmed and suspected COVID‐19 cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a large consequence on healthcare systems, increasing the risks of psychological issues in health professionals. Nurses, in particular, have been exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors and struggled with intensive work, insufficiency of resources and uncertainty in the face of an unknown disease. Life satisfaction might protect nurses from the consequences of chronic stress. The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of satisfaction with life in the relationship between depression, stress, anxiety and burnout (personal, work-related, and client-related). Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study design was performed, using an online questionnaire distributed via social networks. A total of 379 nurses completed the survey, comprising standardized measures of satisfaction with life, resilience (Resilience Scale), depression, anxiety, stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), and burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Scale). A hierarchical regression model was estimated for each burnout dimension. Results: Participants showed high levels of work, personal and client-related burnout, 57.3%, 57%, and 35.1%, respectively. More than 70% of the respondents had a normal level of depressive symptoms, 66.8% presented normal level of anxiety and 33.5% of the respondents reported mild, moderate, severe or extremely severe symptoms of stress. The results revealed that life satisfaction partially mediated the association between stress and personal burnout, depression and work-related burnout, and the association between anxiety and client-related burnout in nurses. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic brought added difficulties for nurses' work conditions, whereby it became necessary to develop adaptative measures that reduce stressors in work environment and promote nurses' life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The demands posed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic have led to greater stress and frustration, which in turn can fuel exhaustion, cynicism, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and burnout. More evidence is needed regarding the prevalence of burnout and STS throughout the pandemic. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the changing pattern of the prevalence of burnout and STS in health‐system pharmacists throughout the pandemic (early to 20 months into the pandemic). Methods: A cross‐sectional, listserv‐based online survey was conducted in health‐system pharmacists. The survey was administered between April and May 2020 (early group) and again between October and December 2021 (20‐month group). The survey questionnaire included demographics, employment characteristics, COVID‐19‐related questions, survey of respondent's perceptions of prevalence and severity of burnout, and Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) which assessed compassion satisfaction and fatigue (burnout and STS). Results: A total of 1126 health‐system pharmacists completed the survey (484 in the early group and 642 in the 20‐month group). Based on respondents' self‐rating of burnout, significantly more respondents reported feeling burned out in the 20‐month group vs the early group (69% vs 47.7%; P <.001). Based on ProQOL, significantly more respondents were identified with moderate–high likelihood of burnout (83.8% vs 65.3%; P <.001) and moderate–high probability of STS (63.2% vs 51.4%; P <.001) in the 20‐month group vs the early group. Approximately 99% of respondents in both groups were identified with moderate–high probability of compassion satisfaction. Conclusion: Twenty months into the COVID‐19 pandemic, almost 83% of health‐system pharmacist respondents were identified with burnout, 63% with STS, and 99% with compassion satisfaction. These rates are significantly higher compared with rates early in the pandemic. Unfortunately, the development of burnout and STS in these pharmacists may lead to several work‐related consequences (eg, increase risk of medical errors); therefore, further studies are critical to develop and assess effective interventions to address the long‐term effects of the pandemic and well‐being of health‐system pharmacists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Portuguese Journal of Mental Health Nursing / Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental is the property of Portuguese Society of Mental Health Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and aim: Health care workers (HCWs), mostly frontliners, are encountering numerous physical and psychosocial stressors, and even managing some conflicts over the course of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this respect, the present study was to investigate the prevalence rate of occupational burnout (OB) in such workers during this pandemic. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 6 and May 30, 2020, via an online survey in 31 provinces of Iran, on HCWs selected based on convenience sampling method. For data collection, a socio-demographic information form and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was utilized. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and multivariate regression analysis were also applied to test the research hypotheses. Results: In total, 7626 HCWs participated in the present study. Accordingly, 73.2 and 26.8% of the workers were female and male, respectively. As well, 57.8% of the respondents were nurses and 14.4% of the cases were clinicians. Moreover, 44.8% of the participants had thus far worked in isolation wards and 40.3% of these individuals reported working for 4–8 hours with COVID-19 patients. The prevalence rate of OB was 18.3%. Besides, 34.2, 48.7, and 56.1% of the respondents had severe levels of emotional exhaustion (EE), higher depersonalization (DP), and decreased sense of personal accomplishment (PA), respectively. Besides, the HCWs at the age range of 20 to 30, having female gender, no children, and a bachelor's degree, and working in isolation wards showed the higher levels of OB with reference to the Chi-square test results (p < 0.001). Accordingly, the statistical test outcomes demonstrated that a history of physical illnesses (p = 0.001) and psychiatric disorders (p = 0.044) could be the best predictor of OB throughout the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Regarding the high prevalence rate of OB among the HCWs and the remaining COVID-19 journey in Iran, health care managers are recommended to orient the required management and coping strategies toward improving mental health in these individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although higher rates of burnout have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, the contribution of the modifiable factors is lesser-known. We investigated how the risk of emotional exhaustion was associated with mindfulness skills and social support in a single medical center in Japan. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional web survey on mental health for all staff of a national medical hospital from February to March 2021. We examined the association between self-rated emotional exhaustion and levels of mindfulness and social support using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Of the 830 participants, signs of emotional exhaustion were observed in 261 (31%) individuals. Among those highly exposed to the virus at work, individuals with low levels of mindfulness and social support had significantly higher odds of emotional exhaustion [OR 3.46 (95% CI; 1.48–8.09), OR; 3.08 (95% CI; 1.33–7.13), respectively] compared to those with high levels. However, among those not highly exposed to the virus, individuals with both low and moderate levels of mindfulness had significantly higher odds of emotional exhaustion. [OR 3.33 (95% CI; 2.22–5.00), OR; 2.61 (95% CI; 1.73–3.94), respectively]. Conclusion: We found that factors associated with emotional exhaustion differed by exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Building mindfulness skills can help reduce the high burden placed on the staff. Additionally, increasing social support may be useful especially for workers highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate nurses' burnout working in a hospital for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and identify factors influencing nurses' burnout. Methods: We recruited 162 nurses working in a nationally designated hospital for COVID-19 patients. Data were collected on general characteristics, burnout, social support, healthcare safety climate, and job stress using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, the Scheffeé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and Cronbach's α using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0 for Windows. Results: The mean scores for burnout, social support, healthcare safety climate, and job stress were 2.96, 3.74, 4.08, and 2.69, respectively. Working department and job stress were significant factors affecting nurses' burnout and these variables explained 26.0% of burnout variance. Conclusion: To reduce burnout of nurses working in the COVID-19 frontline, efforts are needed to reduce nurses' job stress. In nursing research, further study on what makes a difference in burnout between intensive care units and medical/surgical wards in current COVID-19 situation are needed. The results will be used as basic data to develop intervention and reduce nurses' burnout during future infectious disease outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To examine the nurses' burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: We followed the Cochrane criteria and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane COVID-19 registry, CINAHL and pre-print services (medR-iv and PsyArXiv) were searched from January 1 to November 15, 2020 and we removed duplicates. Review Methods: We applied a random effect model to estimate pooled effects since the heterogeneity between results was very high. Results: Sixteen studies, including 18,935 nurses met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of emotional exhaustion was 34.1%, of depersonalization was 12.6% and of lack of personal accomplishment was 15.2%. The main risk factors that increased nurses' burnout were the following: younger age, decreased social support, low family and colleagues readiness to cope with COVID-19 outbreak, increased perceived threat of Covid-19, longer working time in quarantine areas, working in a high-risk environment, working in hospitals with inadequate and insufficient material and human resources, increased workload and lower level of specialized training regarding COVID-19. Conclusion: Nurses experience high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, while several sociodemographic, social and occupational factors affect this burnout. Impact: We found that burnout among nurses is a crucial issue during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to prepare nurses to cope better with COVID-19 pandemic. Identification of risk factors for burnout could be a significant weapon giving nurses and health care systems the ability to response in a better way against the following COVID-19 waves in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is having a dramatic effect on the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Upon the emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Chinese government dispatched about 42 000 HCWs to Wuhan City and Hubei Province to fight this pandemic. This study briefly examines front‐line nurses who experienced burnout, with the main objective of investigating the mediating roles of positive and negative affect in the relationship between resilience and burnout in Wuhan hospitals at the peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A total of 180 front‐line nurses voluntarily participated via a social media group. They completed the online questionnaires, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (MBI‐GS), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC), demographics, and work‐related characteristics. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis was used to examine the mediating effect of positive and negative affect on the relationship between resilience and burnout. The total prevalence of burnout was 51.7%, of which 15.0% were severe burnout. These preliminary results revealed that positive and negative affect fully mediated the effects of resilience on burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment of front‐line nurses. It is necessary to know the impact of resilience on HCWs with burnout through the positive and negative affect of individual backgrounds and situations, and how policymakers can deploy resilience interventions to support front‐line HCWs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examined how best to identify modifiable protective and risk factors for burnout in healthcare workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual, occupational, organizational and social factors were investigated. The study also assessed the impact of these factors on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Methods: Healthcare workers in the Quebec (Canada) healthcare system were recruited between May 21 to June 5, 2020. Participants answered an electronic survey 3 months after the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak began in Canada. Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, we studied the prevalence of burnout, PTSD, anxiety and depression in this cohort. Multivariable logistic or linear regression models including resilience, social and organizational support, workload and access to mental health help, simulation techniques and protective personal equipment (PPE) as well as perception of PPE security were conducted for each outcome. Results: In mid-June 2020, 467 participants completed the survey. We found that half (51.8%) of the respondents experienced burnout characterized by emotional exhaustion and/or depersonalization at least once a week. In total, 158 healthcare workers (35.6%) displayed severe symptoms of at least one of the mental health disorders (24.3% PTSD, 23.3% anxiety, 10.6% depression). Resilience (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: [0.55–0.87]; p = 0.002) and perceived organizational support (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: [0.61–0.93]; p = 0.009) were significantly associated with burnout and other outcomes. Social support satisfaction, perception of PPE security, work type and environment, mental health antecedents and reassignment were associated with PTSD and/or anxiety and/or depression, but not burnout. Conclusion: Future studies should address primarily resilience and perceived organizational support to promote mental health and prevent burnout, PTSD, anxiety and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To elucidate the orientation of burnout prevention in line with the experience level of nurses by examining the impact of organisational climate on burnout by nursing experience level. Background: While the relationship between a nurse and the organisation where they work changes depending on the nurse's experience level, there is a dearth of research that takes into account the nursing experience level in exploring the relationship between organisational climate and burnout. Method: A cross‐sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with 1,102 nurses. Nursing experience was divided into six levels. Two scales for organisational climate and the Maslach burnout inventory were used. Results: There were effects between the organisational climate and exhaustion/depersonalization, depending on the experience level. Novices with low scores for head nurses' considerations towards staff felt the highest level of emotional exhaustion. For advanced beginners, a sense of control significantly determined emotional exhaustion. Conclusions: There was a difference in the relationship between organisational climate and burnout in experience level, suggesting different intervention directions. Implications for Nursing Management: There is a direction of intervention suitable for each experience level, suggesting the need to respond to each accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This literature review aimed to determine the level of burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction, as well as their associated risks and protective factors, in healthcare professionals during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We reviewed 2858 records obtained from the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, and finally included 76 in this review. The main results we found showed an increase in the rate of burnout, dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and compassion fatigue; a reduction in personal accomplishment; and levels of compassion satisfaction similar to those before the pandemic. The main risk factors associated with burnout were anxiety, depression, and insomnia, along with some sociodemographic variables such as being a woman or a nurse or working directly with COVID-19 patients. Comparable results were found for compassion fatigue, but information regarding compassion satisfaction was lacking. The main protective factors were resilience and social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]