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Start Over Author "Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille" Topic biology
81 results on '"Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille"'

1. A Plant Nutrient-and Microbial Protein-Based Resistance Inducer Elicits Wheat Cultivar-Dependent Resistance Against Zymoseptoria tritici

Author

M Ors, B Randoux, Ph Reignault, Ali Siah, K Sahmer, C Maumene, G Couleaud, P. Halama, Sameh Selim, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV-EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], UniLaSalle, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale (ULCO), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, defense mechanisms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Defence mechanisms, Plant Science, Zymoseptoria tritic, 01 natural sciences, induced resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, Septoria, wheat, Plant defense against herbivory, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Cultivar, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Phenylpropanoid, fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Spore, Fungicide, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, manganese, Octadecanoid pathway, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; The induction of plant defense mechanisms by resistance inducers is an attractive and innovative alternative to reduce the use of fungicides on wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici, the responsible agent of Septoria tritici blotch (STB). Under controlled conditions, we investigated the resistance induction in three wheat cultivars with different susceptible levels to STB as a response to a treatment with a sulfur, manganese sulfate, and protein-based resistance inducer (NECTAR Céréales). While no direct antigermination effect of the product was observed in planta, more than 50% reduction of both symptoms and sporulation were recorded on the three tested cultivars. However, an impact of the wheat genotype on resistance induction was highlighted, which affects host penetration, cell colonization, and the production of cell-wall degrading enzymes by the fungus. Moreover, in the most susceptible cultivar Alixan, the product upregulated POX2, PAL, PR1, and GLUC gene expression in both noninoculated and inoculated plants and CHIT2 in noninoculated plants only. In contrast, defense responses induced in Altigo, the most resistant cultivar, seem to be more specifically mediated by the phenylpropanoid pathway in noninoculated as well as inoculated plants, since PAL and CHS were most specifically upregulated in this cultivar. In Premio, the moderate resistant cultivar, NECTAR Céréales elicits mainly the octadecanoid pathway, via LOX and AOS induction in noninoculated plants. We concluded that this complex resistance-inducing product protects wheat against Z. tritici by stimulating the cultivar-dependent plant defense mechanisms.

Published
2019

2. Effects of Calcium Phosphates on the (Im)Mobilization of Metals and Nutrients, on the Biological Activity and on the Plant Health from Multi-contaminated Urban Soils

Author

Brice Louvel, Marie Hechelski, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 (LGCgE), IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), The authors warmly thank the ‘Fondation de la Catho de Lille, France’ and Yncréa Hauts-de-France for the financial support of this work, The authors warmly thank Dr. Elisabeth Gross for her assistance in the implementation of the protocol on the determination of pigment contents in plants., Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), JUNIA (JUNIA), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Calcium, 01 natural sciences, Lolium perenne, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrient, Environmental Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Monocalcium phosphate, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Compost, Ecological Modeling, Phosphorus, food and beverages, Nutrients, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Soil contamination, 6. Clean water, Microbes, chemistry, Calcium phosphates, 13. Climate action, Metals, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, engineering, Ryegrass, Biomarkers
Abstract

International audience; Two smelters in the North of France emitted potentially toxic metals for more than a century and today, the resulting contamination represents a risk to human health and affects also the biodiversity. To limit health risks and to improve the soil quality, a study using calcium phosphates (monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate and a mixture of both salts) and Lolium perenne L was conducted. Through this preliminary investigation, we will try to shed some light about (i) the effects of a sustainable amount of calcium phosphates on the agronomic, biological (microbial and fungi communities) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll a and b, antocyanins, carotenoids) as well as the phytoavailability of potentially toxic metals and nutrients in time, and (ii) the potential use of contaminated biomass from ryegrass as a source of new valorisation ways instead of using it as contaminated compost by gardeners. Although slight variations in pH and significant increases of assimilable phosphorus after adding calcium phosphates were registered, the physiology of plants and the biological parameters were statistically unchanged. The germination of the ryegrass seeds was favoured with calcium phosphates regardless the contamination level of the studied soils. No clear effects of calcium phosphates on the microbial and fungi communities were detected. In contrast, results indicated relationships between the physicochemical parameters of soils, their contamination level and the composition of fungal communities. Indeed, for one of the soils studied, calcium could limit the transport of nutrients, causing an increase in fungi to promote again the transfer of nutrients. Surprisingly, the phytoavailability of Pb increased in the most contaminated soil after adding dicalcium phosphate and the mixture of phosphates whereas a slight decrease was highlighted for Cd and Mn. Although minor changes in the phytoavailability of potentially toxic metals were obtained using calcium phosphates, the ability of ryegrass to accumulate Zn and Ca (up to 600 and 20,000 mg kg−1, respectively) make possible to qualify this plant as a bio ‘ore’ resource. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Published
2019

3. The potential of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to clean up multi-contaminated soils from labile and phytoavailable potentially toxic elements to contribute into a circular economy

Author

Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Brice Louvel, Marie Hechelski, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Normandie Université (NU), Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur [Lille] (HEI), Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV)

Subjects
Resource, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Marketable biomass, Amendment, Biomass, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Plant Roots, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Lolium perenne, 12. Responsible consumption, Lolium, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Rhizosphere, biology, Toxicity, Compost, Chemistry, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Soil contamination, Phytoremediation, Biodegradation, Environmental, Heavy metals, Metals, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, engineering
Abstract

International audience; Aided phytoremediation was studied for 48 weeks with the aim of reducing extractable and phytoavailable toxic elements and producing potential marketable biomass. In this sense, biomass of ryegrass was produced under greenhouse on two contaminated garden soils that have been amended with two successive additions of phosphates. After the first addition of phosphates, seeds of ryegrass were sown and shoots were harvested twice. A second seedling was performed after carefully mixing the roots from the first production (used as compost), soils and phosphates. Forty-eight weeks after starting the experiments, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn extracted using the rhizosphere-based method were generally lower than those measured before the addition of phosphates and cultivation (except for Pb and Fe in the most contaminated soil). The concentrations of metals in the shoots of ryegrass from the second production were lower than those from the first (except for Al). The best results were obtained with phosphates and were the most relevant in the lowest contaminated soil, demonstrating that the available metal concentrations have to be taken into account in the management of contaminated soils. In view of the concentration of metals defined as carcinogens, mutagens, and reprotoxics (e.g., Cd, Pb) and those capable to be transformed into Lewis acids (e.g., Zn, Fe), the utilization of ryegrass in the revegetation of contaminated soils and in risk management may be a new production of marketable biomass. The development of phytomanagement in combination with this type of biomass coincided with the view that contaminated soils can still represent a valuable resource that should be used sustainably. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Published
2019

4. Biofilm constructing variants of Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN outcompete the wild-type form in free-living and static conditions but not in planta

Author

Isabelle Gosselin, Ludovic Vial, Jérôme Crouzet, Denis Faure, Miguel Pernes, Cédric Jacquard, Lisa Sanchez, Marine Rondeau, Qassim Esmaeel, Catherine Sarazin, Christophe Clément, Florence Wisniewski-Dyé, Pauline Blin, Essaid Ait Barka, Johnny Beaugrand, Adaptation au froid du pois (AFP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes - EA 4707 (RIBP), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Microbiologie (Dpt Microbio), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Intéractions Plantes-Bactéries (PBI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire (GEC), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Unité de Recherche Vigne et Vins de Champagne Stress et Environnement - EA 4707 (URVVC), Laboratoire d'Eco-Toxicologie / Vignes et Vins de Champagne-Stress et Environnement - EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, European Funds of INTERREG V SmartBiocontrol Project, Region Champagne-Ardenne, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire. Reconnaissance Moléculaire et Catalyse - UMR CNRS 7025 (GEC UPJV), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement - UMR-A 614 (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, antigenic variation, Plant Roots, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, biofilm, Paraburkholderia phytofirmans, Defensins, iron-sulfur cluster, necrotrophic pathogens, Environmental Microbiology, Plant defense against herbivory, static cultures, Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant Immunity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetics, Ecology, biology, Burkholderiaceae, Quorum Sensing, phenotypic variation, Carbon-Sulfur Lyases, defense responses, competition, Biotechnology, phase variation, 030106 microbiology, arabidopsis-thaliana, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, growth promotion, Stress, Physiological, plant defense, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, Gene, Phase variation, Whole Genome Sequencing, Arabidopsis Proteins, fungi, Wild type, Biofilm, root-colonization, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, colony morphology, Biofilms, Mutation, biology.protein, burkholderia-cepacia complex, Flagellin, Food Science
Abstract

Members of the genus Burkholderia colonize diverse ecological niches. Among the plant-associated strains, Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN is an endophyte with a broad host range. In spatially structured environment (unshaken broth cultures), biofilm-constructing specialists of P. phytofirmans PsJN colonizing the air-liquid interface arose at high frequency. In addition to forming a robust biofilm in vitro and in planta on Arabidopsis roots, those mucoid phenotypic variants display a reduced swimming ability and modulate the expression of several Microbe Associated Molecular Pattern (MAMPs) including exopolysaccharides (EPS), flagellin and GroEL. Interestingly, the variants induce a low PR1 and PDF1.2 expression compared to the parental strain, suggesting a possible evasion of plant host immunity. We further demonstrated that switching from the planktonic to the sessile form did not involve quorum-sensing genes but arose from spontaneous mutations in two genes belonging to an Iron-Sulfur Cluster: hscA (encoding a co-chaperone protein) and iscS (encoding a cysteine desulfurase). A mutational approach validated the implication of these two genes in the appearance of variants. We showed for the first time that in heterogeneous environment, P. phytofirmans strain PsJN is able to rapidly diversify and co-express a variant that outcompete the wild-type form in free-living and static conditions but not in planta . IMPORTANCE Paraburkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN is a well-studied plant-associated bacterium known to induce resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this work, we described the spontaneaous appearance of mucoid variants in PsJN from static cultures. We showed that the conversion from wild-type (WT) form to variants (V) correlates with an overproduction of EPS, an enhanced ability to form biofilm in vitro and in planta and a reduced swimming motility. Our results revealed also that these phenotypes are in part associated with spontaneaous mutations in an Iron-Sulfur Cluster. Overall, the data provided here allowed a better understanding of the adaptive mechanisms likely developed by P. phytofirmans PsJN in heterogeneous environment.

Published
2019

5. Selective electrohydrodynamic concentration of waterborne parasites on a chip

Author

Romuald Lejard-Malki, Alexis Vlandas, Jérôme Follet, Vincent Senez, Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Department of Materials, University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, University of Oxford, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)

Subjects
Electrophoresis, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, medicine, Electric Impedance, Giardia lamblia, Animals, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Electrodes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cryptosporidium parvum, biology, Chemistry, Drop (liquid), 010401 analytical chemistry, Oocysts, Giardia, Water, Cryptosporidium, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Chip, 0104 chemical sciences, Cryptosporidium muris, Hydrodynamics, Electrohydrodynamics, 0210 nano-technology, Biological system, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Concentrating diluted samples is a key step to improve detection capabilities. The wise use of scaling laws shows the advantages of working with sub-microliter-sized samples. Rapid progress in MEMS technologies has driven the design of integrated platforms performing many biochemical operations. Here we report a new concentrator device based on electro-hydrodynamic forces which can be easily integrated into electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) platforms. This approach is label-free and applicable to a wide range of micro-objects. The detection and analysis of two common waterborne parasites, Cryptosporidium and Giardia, is a perfect test case due to their global health relevance. By fully controlling the interplay of the various forces acting on the micron-sized Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium muris oocysts, we show that it is possible to concentrate them on the side of a 10 μL initial drop and then extract them efficiently from a droplet of a few hundred nanoliters. We performed a finite element modeling of the forces acting on the parasites' oocysts to optimize the electrodes' shapes. We obtained state-of-the-art concentration factors of 12 ± 0.4 times and 2 to 4 times in the sub-region of the drop and the extracted droplet, respectively, with an efficiency of 70 ± 6%. Furthermore, this device had the ability to selectively concentrate parasites of different species out of a mix. We demonstrated this by segregating C. parvum oocysts from either Giardia lamblia cysts or its related species, C. muris oocysts.

Published
2018

6. Production of the small heat shock protein Lo18 from Oenococcus oeni in Lactococcus lactis improves its stress tolerance

Author

Aurélie Rieu, Stéphanie Weidmann, Julie Laurent, Françoise Coucheney, Jean Guzzo, Magali Maitre, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Ministère de l'Éducation Nationale, de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Université de Bourgogne, Conseil Régional de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 ( ICV ), and Université d'Artois ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale ( ULCO ) -Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Thermotolerance, Hot Temperature, 030106 microbiology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Plasmid, Growth-phase, Bacterial Proteins, Stress, Physiological, Membrane stabilization, Heat shock protein, Gene expression, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Gene-expression, Oenococcus, Oenococcus oeni, 2. Zero hunger, Leuconostoc-oenos, biology, Strain (chemistry), Lactococcus lactis, fungi, [ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, food and beverages, CTSR, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Heat-Shock Proteins, Small, Small heat shock protein (sHsp), 030104 developmental biology, Milk, Biochemistry, Fermentation, Regulator constant, Molecular chaperone, Acid bacterium, Stress resistance, Alpha-crystallin, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Lactococcus lactis is a lactic acid bacterium widely used in cheese and fermented milk production. During fermentation, L. lactis is subjected to acid stress that impairs its growth. The small heat shock protein (sHsp) Lo18 from the acidophilic species Oenococcus oeni was expressed in L. lactis. This sHsp is known to play an important role in protein protection and membrane stabilization in O. oeni. The role of this sHsp could be studied in L. lactis, since no gene encoding for sHsp has been detected in this species. L. lactis subsp. cremoris strain MG1363 was transformed with the pDLlisp18 plasmid, which is derived from pDL278 and contains the hsp18 gene (encoding Lo18) and its own promoter sequence. The production of Lo18 during stress conditions was checked by immunoblotting and the cellular distribution of Lo18 in L. lactis cells after heat shock was determined. Our results clearly indicated a role for Lo18 in cytoplasmic protein protection and membrane stabilization during stress. The production of sHsp in L. lactis improved tolerance to heat and acid conditions in this species. Finally, the improvement of the L. lactis survival in milk medium thanks to Lo18 was highlighted, suggesting an interesting role of this sHsp. These findings suggest that the expression of a sHsp by a L. lactis strain results in greater resistance to stress, and, can consequently enhance the performances of industrial strains.

Published
2017

7. Effects of colistin and bacteriocins combinations on the in vitro growth of escherichia coli strains from swine origin

Author

Hikmate Abriouel, Djamel Drider, Isabelle Kempf, Eric Auclair, Eric Jouy, Ahmed K. Al Atya, Anne Vachee, Adaptation au froid du pois (AFP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Université de Lille, Université d'Artois (UA), Area de Microbiologıia, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén (UJA), Laboratoire de Ploufragan - Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Phileo Lesaffre Animal Care, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Provo, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, French government, Iraqi government, Campus France, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale (ULCO), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.drug_class, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Planktonic, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacteriocin, Bacteriocins, medicine, Escherichia coli, polycyclic compounds, Animals, Molecular Biology, Nisin, Enterocin DD14, biology, Colistin, Biofilm, E. coli, food and beverages, Drug Synergism, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Lactic acid, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biofilms, Molecular Medicine, bacteria, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Bacteria, medicine.drug
Abstract

Escherichia coli strains from swine origin, either susceptible or resistant to colistin, were grown under planktonic and biofilm cultures. After which, they were treated with antibacterial agents including nisin and enterocin DD14 bacteriocins, colistin and their combinations. Importantly, the combination of colistin, enterocin DD14 and nisin eradicated the planktonic and biofilm cultures of E. coli CIP54127 and the E. coli strains with colistin-resistance phenotype such as E. coli 184 (mcr-1(+)) and E. coli 289 (mcr-1(-)), suggesting therefore that bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria could be used as agents with antibiotic augmentation capability.

Published
2016

8. Nonribosomal peptide synthetase with a unique iterative-alternative-optional mechanism catalyzes amonabactin synthesis in Aeromonas

Author

Gabrielle Chataigné, Philippe Jacques, Mickaël Chevalier, Qassim Esmaeel, R. Subashkumar, Valérie Leclère, Adaptation au froid du pois (AFP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Université de Lille, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, TERRA Research Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Université de Liège-Université de Liège, Université de Liège, Bioinformatics and Sequence Analysis (BONSAI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Lille 1, INTERREG IV program France-Wallonie-Vlaanderen (Phytobio project), bioinformatics platform bilille, Inria, Sana'a University (Yemen), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale (ULCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), and Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Siderophore, Operon, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Mutant, Nonribosomal peptide synthetase, Siderophores, Biology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Gene Knockout Techniques, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Residue (chemistry), Enterobactin, Nonribosomal peptide, Peptide Synthases, Gene, Adenylylation, chemistry.chemical_classification, NRPS, General Medicine, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Multigene Family, Amonabactin, Aeromonas, Oligopeptides, Biotechnology
Abstract

Based on the exploration of data generated by genome sequencing, a bioinformatics approach has been chosen to identify the biosynthetic pathway of the siderophores produced by Aeromonas species. The amonabactins, considered as a virulence factor, represent a family of four variants of catechol peptidic siderophores containing Dhb, Lys, Gly, and an aromatic residue either Trp or Phe in a D-configuration. The synthesis operon is constituted of seven genes named amoCEBFAGH and is iron-regulated. The cluster includes genes encoding proteins involved in the synthesis and incorporation of the Dhb monomer, and genes encoding specific nonribosomal peptide synthetases, which are responsible for the building of the peptidic moiety. The amonabactin assembly line displays a still so far not described atypical mode of synthesis that is iterative, alternative, and optional. A disruption mutant in the adenylation domain of AmoG was unable to synthesize any amonabactin and to grow in iron stress conditions while a deletion of amoH resulted in the production of only two over the four forms. The amo cluster is widespread among most of the Aeromonas species, only few species produces the enterobactin siderophore.

Published
2016

9. Alkyl galactofuranosides strongly interact with Leishmania donovani membrane and provide anti-leishmanial activity

Author

Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Florence Robert-Gangneux, Agnès Burel, Vincent Ferrières, Laurent Legentil, Rémy Dureau, Muhammad Suleman, Yari Cabezas, Christelle Manuel, Sorya Belaz, Franck Daligault, Odile Sergent, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV)

Subjects
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Phosphorylcholine, Leishmania donovani, Antiprotozoal Agents, Biology, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, medicine, Membrane fluidity, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Amastigote, Mechanisms of Action: Physiological Effects, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Reactive oxygen species, 030306 microbiology, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, biology.organism_classification, Furanose, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Membrane, chemistry, Mechanism of action, medicine.symptom, Reactive Oxygen Species
Abstract

We investigated the in vitro effects of four alkyl-galactofuranoside derivatives, i.e., octyl-β- d -galactofuranoside (compound 1), 6-amino-β- d -galactofuranoside (compound 2), 6- N -acetamido-β- d -galactofuranoside (compound 3), and 6-azido-β- d -galactofuranoside (compound 4), on Leishmania donovani . Their mechanism of action was explored using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and ultrastructural alterations were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compound 1 showed the most promising effects by inhibiting promastigote growth at a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 8.96 ± 2.5 μM. All compounds exhibit low toxicity toward human macrophages. Compound 1 had a higher selectivity index than the molecule used for comparison, i.e., miltefosine (159.7 versus 37.9, respectively). EPR showed that compound 1 significantly reduced membrane fluidity compared to control promastigotes and to compound 3. The furanose ring was shown to support this effect, since the isomer galactopyranose had no effect on parasite membrane fluidity or growth. NMR showed a direct interaction of all compounds (greatest with compound 1, followed by compounds 2, 3, and 4, in descending order) with the promastigote membrane and with octyl-galactopyranose and octanol, providing evidence that the n -octyl chain was primarily involved in anchoring with the parasite membrane, followed by the putative crucial role of the furanose ring in the antileishmanial activity. A morphological analysis of compound 1-treated promastigotes by TEM revealed profound alterations in the parasite membrane and organelles, but this was not the case with compound 3. Quantification of annexin V binding by flow cytometry confirmed that compound 1 induced apoptosis in >90% of promastigotes. The effect of compound 1 was also assessed on intramacrophagic amastigotes and showed a reduction in amastigote growth associated with an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thus validating its promising effect.

Published
2014

10. Grassland management history affects the response of the nematode community to changes in above-ground grazing regime

Author

Stéphane Saj, Xavier Le Roux, Eléonore Attard, Katja Klumpp, Cécile Villenave, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Unité d'Agronomie Site de Crouel, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), French Programme ECCO-PNBC 'Geotraits', Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie (ADEME, France), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes ( Eco&Sols ), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Groupe ISA-Lille, BioGAP, BioGAP, Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Plante pour herbage, Nematoda, GRASSLAND, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, Biologie du sol, 01 natural sciences, Défoliation, Grassland, Mesocosm, Interactions biologiques, Grazing, Conservation grazing, DEFOLIATION, 2. Zero hunger, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, GRAZING, Ecology, Pâturages, Community structure, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Intensité de pâturage, ECOLOGICAL INDICES, Conduite des herbages, Micro-organisme du sol, FUNCTIONAL GUILDS, (DE)-INTENSIFICATION, Soil biology, Indicateur écologique, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, complex mixtures, Pâturage, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, L02 - Alimentation animale, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, geography, P34 - Biologie du sol, Plant community, 15. Life on land, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, UREA, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Changes in grassland management induce disturbances that influence both soil functioning and soil fauna. This study aimed at determining the extent to which the composition of a grassland soil nematode community could be altered by a shift of grazing regime and the potential feedback that these alterations could provoke on grassland functioning. Therefore, we monitored the composition of the soil nematode community (i.e., plant-, bacterial- and fungal-feeders, omnivores and carnivores) of mesocosms that were sampled from two contrasted long-term field trials (high vs low grazing treatments) and subsequently subjected to high or no grazing for 2 years. The soil nematofauna responded faster and more strongly to the application of an intensive grazing regime on a previously extensively exploited system than the other way round. The application of an intensive grazing regime induced a significant increase in numbers of bacterial feeders and a decrease of the relative abundance of fungal-feeding nematodes. The nematofaunal community structure was determined by both the past and current grazing regimes throughout the 2 years of monitoring. Observed effects on soil microbivores seemed to reflect the 'immediate' above-ground primary production potential and to follow micro-organism dynamics. On the other hand, observed effects on root-feeding nematodes seemed to reflect the integral effect of past and current grazing regimes on plant community root biomass and quality.

Published
2011

11. Cryptosporidium infection in a veal calf cohort in France: molecular characterization of species in a longitudinal study

Author

Patrice Halama, Hélène Leruste, Gabriela Certad, Anne Follet-Dumoulin, Karine Guyot, Eduardo Dei-Cas, Jérôme Follet, Ourida Hammouma-Ghelboun, Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BioGAP), Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Laboratoire Environnement et Santé, Faculté Libre des Sciences et Technologies, This study was supported by the Catholic University of Lille through the 'Projet Grande Campagne Ensemble Innovons' genotyping program., Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BMC, Ed., Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (Groupe ISA), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cryptosporidium infection, 040301 veterinary sciences, animal diseases, Molecular Sequence Data, Protozoan Proteins, Cattle Diseases, Cryptosporidiosis, Cryptosporidium, Polymerase Chain Reaction, 030308 mycology & parasitology, Microbiology, law.invention, 0403 veterinary science, Feces, 03 medical and health sciences, law, parasitic diseases, Prevalence, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, medicine, Animals, Parasite hosting, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Longitudinal Studies, Genotyping, Polymerase chain reaction, Glycoproteins, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, General Veterinary, biology, Research, [SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, DNA, Protozoan, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, veterinary(all), DNA extraction, 3. Good health, lcsh:SF600-1100, Cattle, France, Nested polymerase chain reaction
Abstract

Feces from 142 animals were collected on 15 farms in the region of Brittany, France. Each sample was directly collected from the rectum of the animal and identified with the ear tag number. Animals were sampled three times, at 5, 15 and 22 weeks of age. After DNA extraction from stool samples, nested PCR was performed to amplify partial 18S-rDNA and 60 kDa glycoprotein genes of Cryptosporidium. The parasite was detected on all farms. One hundred out of 142 calves (70.4%) were found to be parasitized by Cryptosporidium. Amplified fragments were sequenced for Cryptosporidium species identification and revealed the presence of C. parvum (43.8%), C. ryanae (28.5%), and C. bovis (27%). One animal was infected with Cryptosporidium ubiquitum. The prevalence of these species was related to the age of the animal. C. parvum caused 86.7% of Cryptosporidium infections in 5-week-old calves but only 1.7% in 15-week-old animals. The analysis of the results showed that animals could be infected successively by C. parvum, C. ryanae, and C. bovis for the study period. C. parvum gp60 genotyping identifies 6 IIa subtypes of which 74.5% were represented by IIaA15G2R1. This work confirms previous studies in other countries showing that zoonotic C. parvum is the dominant species seen in young calves.

Published
2011

12. Whitened kernel surface: A fast and reliable method for assessing Fusarium severity on cereal grains by digital picture analysis

Author

Ellen Goudemand, Jean-Louis Hilbert, Marc Lemmens, Anne-Laure Brisset, Marine Ollier, Vincent Talle, Simon Duerr, Hermann Buerstmayr, Zoé Le Bihan, Olivier Robert, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Department IFA-Tulln, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Florimond Desprez, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, and University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0106 biological sciences, Surface (mathematics), Fusarium, biology, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010401 analytical chemistry, food and beverages, Pattern recognition, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, digital picture analysis, 0104 chemical sciences, resistance, Kernel (statistics), Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Artificial intelligence, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, fusarium head blight, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a cereal disease of major importance responsible for yield losses and mycotoxin contaminations in grains. Here, we introduce a new measurement approach to quantify FHB severity on grains based on the evaluation of the whitened kernel surface (WKS) using digital image analysis. The applicability of WKS was assessed on two bread wheat and one triticale grain sample sets (265 samples). Pearson correlation coefficients between Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) and WKS range from r = 0.77 to r = 0.81 and from r = 0.61 to r = 0.86 for the correlation between deoxynivalenol (DON) content and WKS. This new scoring method facilitates fast and reliable assessment of the resistance to kernel infection and shows significant correlation with mycotoxin content. WKS can be automated and does not suffer from the "human factor" inherent to visual scorings. As a low-cost and fast approach, this method appears particularly attractive for breeding and genetic analysis of FHB resistance where typically large numbers of experimental lines need to be evaluated, and for which WKS is suggested as an alternative to visual FDK scorings.

Published
2018

13. Unravelling the determinants of freezing tolerance in Medicago truncatula: a first step towards improving the response of crop legumes to freezing stress using translational genomics

Author

Bruno Delbreil, Komlan Avia, Nadim Tayeh, Isabelle Lejeune-Hénaut, ProdInra, Migration, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Santé de la vigne et qualité du vin (SVQV), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - ULR 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, Candidate gene, quantitative trait loci (QTL), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Quantitative trait locus, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicago truncatula, Cold acclimation, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Copy-number variation, CBF/DREB1 genes, education, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, cool-season crop legumes, 030304 developmental biology, Synteny, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, synteny, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], freezing stress, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, candidate genes, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Freezing is a major environmental limitation that affects biomass and seed productivity in a large number of crop species including legumes. Medicago truncatula is a model molecular‐genetic system for legume biology. A strategy to decipher freezing tolerance after a cold acclimation period in M. truncatula was developed using a quantitative genetic approach. Three main quantitative trait loci (QTL) with additive effects for freezing damage were detected on chromosomes 1, 4, and 6 using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between the freezing‐tolerant accession F83005‐5 and the freezing‐sensitive accession DZA045‐5. The QTL on chromosome 6, named Mt‐FTQTL6, explained 40% of the phenotypic variance. Fine mapping of Mt‐FTQTL6 led to the identification of 20 positional candidate genes. Twelve of these 20 genes belong to the C‐repeat binding factor/dehydration‐responsive element binding factor 1 group of the AP2/EREBP transcription factor family and are tandemly arrayed. Non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations, indels, and copy number variations were identified as putative candidate polymorphisms in CBF/DREB1 genes to explain the difference in freezing tolerance between the parental M. truncatula accessions. These important findings pave the way for translational applications to improve freezing tolerance in crop legumes such as pea, lentil, faba bean, and alfalfa

Published
2020

14. Nonribosomal peptides in fungal cell factories: from genome mining to optimized heterologous production

Author

Patrick Fickers, Antoine Vassaux, Valérie Leclère, Philippe Jacques, Micheline Vandenbol, Loïc Meunier, Denis Baurain, Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Université de Liège, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, InBioS—PhytoSYSTEMS, Eukaryotic Phylogenomics, Microbiology and Genomics Unit, InBioS PhytoSYST Eukaryot Phylogen, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Bioinformatics tools, Multi-modular enzyme, In silico, Nonribosomal peptide synthetase, Heterologous, Bioengineering, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Computational biology, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Secondary metabolite, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, DNA sequencing, Nonribosomal peptide, 03 medical and health sciences, 010608 biotechnology, Genome mining, Gene cluster, medicine, Gene, Heterologous production, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Fungi, Computational Biology, Biosynthetic Pathways, chemistry, Multigene Family, Large gene cluster, Identification (biology), Genome, Fungal, Peptides, Fungal cells, Biotechnology, medicine.drug
Abstract

Fungi are notoriously prolific producers of secondary metabolites including nonribosomal peptides (NRPs). The structural complexity of NRPs grants them interesting activities such as antibiotic, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The discovery of these compounds with attractive activities can be achieved by using two approaches: either by screening samples originating from various environments for their biological activities, or by identifying the related clusters in genomic sequences thanks to bioinformatics tools. This genome mining approach has grown tremendously due to recent advances in genome sequencing, which have provided an incredible amount of genomic data from hundreds of microbial species. Regarding fungal organisms, the genomic data have revealed the presence of an unexpected number of putative NRP-related gene clusters. This highlights fungi as a goldmine for the discovery of putative novel bioactive compounds. Recent development of NRP dedicated bioinformatics tools have increased the capacity to identify these gene clusters and to deduce NRPs structures, speeding-up the screening process for novel metabolites discovery. Unfortunately, the newly identified compound is frequently not or poorly produced by native producers due to a lack of expression of the related genes cluster. A frequently employed strategy to increase production rates consists in transferring the related biosynthetic pathway in heterologous hosts. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview about the topic of NRPs discovery, from gene cluster identification by genome mining to the heterologous production in fungal hosts. The main computational tools and methods for genome mining are herein presented with an emphasis on the particularities of the fungal systems. The different steps of the reconstitution of NRP biosynthetic pathway in heterologous fungal cell factories will be discussed, as well as the key factors to consider for maximizing productivity. Several examples will be developed to illustrate the potential of heterologous production to both discover uncharacterized novel compounds predicted in silico by genome mining, and to enhance the productivity of interesting bio-active natural products.

Published
2019

15. Non-Targeted Identification of Brine Covered Canned Tuna Species Using Front-Face Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometric Tools

Author

Bruno Le Fur, Romdhane Karoui, Ferdaous Boughattas, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Plate-forme d’Innovation Nouvelles Vagues (PFI-NV ), UMR1281, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
Skipjack tuna, Yellowfin tuna, Identification, Bigeye tuna, Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Fluorescence, Analytical Chemistry, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Brining, Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), Albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga), 14. Life underwater, Food science, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, biology, Chemistry, Albacore, 010401 analytical chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Canned fish, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), Tuna, Safety Research, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Thunnus, Food Science
Abstract

The most common frauds of tuna cans supply chain concern the substitution or mixing of valuable tuna species with cheaper ones, which is strictly forbidden. The objective of the present study was to determine the potential use of front-face fluorescence spectroscopy (FFFS) as a rapid tool to authenticate species in canned tuna: skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), Albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga), and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). Different spectra (tryptophan residues, aromatic amino acids, and nucleic acids (AAA + NA), riboflavin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and vitamin A) were recorded on 256 canned tunas, produced at the pilot scale, that were used for the establishment of models. The robustness of the established models was tested on 40 commercial canned tunas. According to the label tunas, the percentage of correct classification reached 75% allowing us to conclude that FFFS may represent a promising tool to be used by both canning industry and governmental control agencies to ascertain correct labeling of canned tuna.

Published
2019

16. Chicory Roots for Prebiotics and Appetite Regulation: A Pilot Study in Mice

Author

Rozenn Ravallec, Georges Daube, Marion Fouré, Benoit Cudennec, Abigael Delcourt, Camille Dugardin, Philippe Hance, Thierry Cadalen, Jean-Louis Hilbert, Anca Lucau-Danila, Bernard Taminiau, Benoît Foligné, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU de Lille), Université de Liège, University of Lille, European Union, French Region of Hauts-de-France, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Firmicutes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, metagenetics, Enteroendocrine cell, Gut flora, Chicory, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, satiety hormones, Metabolomics, Cichorium, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Animals, Food science, Alistipes, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Bacteria, biology, Appetite Regulation, Plant Extracts, Prebiotic, Bacteroidetes, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, metabolomics, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Gastrointestinal Tract, Prebiotics, 030104 developmental biology, Digestion, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Cichorium intybus
Abstract

International audience; The objectives of this work are to address the prebiotic effects of chicory (Cichorium intybus) together with its possible role in appetite control. We compared nine chicory genotypes in order to determine if variations in the content of metabolites in the roasted roots would lead to modifications in release of satiety hormones and in composition of gut microbiota. To this aim, a 5-week dietary-intervention study was achieved using mice fed with distinct chicory-based preparations. A 16S rRNA gene-based metagenetic analysis of fecal microbiota was performed. In vitro gastrointestinal digestions were performed in order to study the effect of chicory intestinal digests on gut hormone regulation in enteroendocrine cells. Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio and gut bacterial groups, such as Alloprevotella, Blautia, Alistipes, and Oscillibacter, were found to be modulated by chicory. On the other hand, CCK and GLP-1 satiety hormones were demonstrated to be significantly increased by chicory in vitro.

Published
2018

17. Uncoupling proteins 1 and 2 (UCP1 and UCP2) fromArabidopsis thalianaare mitochondrial transporters of aspartate, glutamate, and dicarboxylates

Author

Toshihiro Obata, David Gagneul, Luigi Palmieri, Magnus Monné, Alisdair R. Fernie, Lucia Daddabbo, Ferdinando Palmieri, Björn Hielscher, Andreas P.M. Weber, Daniela Valeria Miniero, University of Basilicata, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Department Willmitzer, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Italian Human ProteomeNet Grant [RBRN07BMCT_009], iGRAD-Plant doctoral fellowship [IRTG 1525], Max-Planck-Society, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science CEPLAS [EXC 1028], CRC [1208], Center of Excellence on Comparative Genomics, Palmieri, Ferdinando, Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell Biology, Membrane transport, Mitochondrion, Mitochondrial carrier, Biochemistry, Amino acid, Solute carrier family, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Glutamate aspartate transporter, biology.protein, Inner mitochondrial membrane, Molecular Biology, Mitochondrial transport
Abstract

International audience; The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains 58 members of the solute carrier family SLC25, also called the mitochondrial carrier family, many of which have been shown to transport specific metabolites, nucleotides, and cofactors across the mitochondrial membrane. Here, two Arabidopsis members of this family, AtUCP1 and AtUCP2, which were previously thought to be uncoupling proteins and hence named UCP1/PUMP1 and UCP2/PUMP2, respectively, are assigned with a novel function. They were expressed in bacteria, purified, and reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles. Their transport properties demonstrate that they transport amino acids (aspartate, glutamate, cysteine sulfinate, and cysteate), dicarboxylates (malate, oxaloacetate, and 2-oxoglutarate), phosphate, sulfate, and thiosulfate. Transport was saturable and inhibited by mercurials and other mitochondrial carrier inhibitors to various degrees. AtUCP1 and AtUCP2 catalyzed a fast counterexchange transport as well as a low uniport of substrates, with transport rates of AtUCP1 being much higher than those of AtUCP2 in both cases. The aspartate/glutamate heteroexchange mediated by AtUCP1 and AtUCP2 is electroneutral, in contrast to that mediated by the mammalian mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier. Furthermore, both carriers were found to be targeted to mitochondria. Metabolite profiling of single and double knockouts shows changes in organic acid and amino acid levels. Notably, AtUCP1 and AtUCP2 are the first reported mitochondrial carriers in Arabidopsis to transport aspartate and glutamate. It is proposed that the primary function of AtUCP1 and AtUCP2 is to catalyze an aspartate(out)/glutamate(in) exchange across the mitochondrial membrane and thereby contribute to the export of reducing equivalents from the mitochondria in photorespiration.

Published
2018
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18. Front face fluorescence spectroscopy enables rapid differentiation of fresh and frozen-thawed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets

Author

Pierrette Ethuin, Abdo Hassoun, Romdhane Karoui, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Norwegian Institute of Food,Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (NOFIMA), Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
Chromatography, biology, Fresh Authentication, Chemistry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sea bass, Excitation spectra, Frozen-thawed, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Fluorescence spectra, Fluorescence spectroscopy, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, %22">Fish , Dicentrarchus, Factorial discriminant analysis, Analysis method, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of using front face fluorescence spectroscopy (FFFS) to discriminate fresh refrigerated (up to 13 days at 4 °C) sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets (F group) from: i) frozen-thawed (3 months at −18 °C), then refrigerated up to 9 days fillets at 4 °C (F-T R group), and ii) refrigerated (up to 9 days at 4 °C), then frozen-thawed (3 months at −18 °C) fillets (R F-T group). The evolution of emission fluorescence spectra after excitation set at 290, 340, and 380 nm, and excitation spectra after emission set at 410 nm were acquired throughout storage. Some traditional measurements based on color, textural, and chemical parameters were performed on the same fillets. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA), applied to the traditional and fluorescence data sets, showed high correlations between the two data sets, since squared canonical coefficients were found higher than 0.8 for canonical variates 1 and 2. This was confirmed by the factorial discriminant analysis (FDA) applied to the concatenated emission spectra recorded after excitation sets at 340 and 380 nm since 72 out of 78 samples were correctly classified. Finally, a multi-block analysis method based on common components and specific weights analysis (CCSWA) was applied to the whole data sets. A reliable discrimination between fresh from frozen/thawed fish was found suggesting that FFFS could be used as a promising tool in routine inspection for differentiating between fresh and frozen-thawed fish.

Published
2017

19. Biocontrol activity of effusol from the extremophile plant, Juncus maritimus, against the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

Author

Abderrazak Smaoui, Sevser Sahpaz, Jennifer Samaillie, Vincent Roumy, Thierry Hennebelle, Riadh Ksouri, A Siah, Céline Rivière, Patrice Halama, Ramla Sahli, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria (CBBC), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Biotechnol Ctr Borj Cedria CBBC, Lab Aromat & Med Plants, Hammam Lif, Tunisia, Partenaires INRAE, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Biological pest control, Context (language use), Biology, 01 natural sciences, Extremophiles, Magnoliopsida, Septoria, Ascomycota, Effusol, Halophyte, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Environmental Chemistry, Extremophile, Plant Diseases, Biofungicides, 010405 organic chemistry, Juncus maritimus, food and beverages, General Medicine, Phenanthrenes, biology.organism_classification, Extremophile plants, Pollution, 0104 chemical sciences, Rhizome, Fungicide, Biological Control Agents, Zymoseptoria tritici, Wheat, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

National audience; Zymoseptoria tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is the most important pathogen of wheat. The control of this parasite relies mainly on synthetic fungicides, but their use is increasingly controversial and searching for alternative management strategies is encouraged. In this context, the biocontrol potential of crude methanolic extracts of eight extremophile plant species from Tunisia, including three xerophytes and five halophytes, against Z. tritici was assessed. Only the extract of Juncus maritimus rhizomes showed significant in vitro antifungal activity. In extremophile plants, the production of secondary metabolites is often influenced by abiotic conditions. Thus, we collected several samples of J. maritimus rhizomes at different vegetative stages, at different periods, and from different substrates to compare their antifungal activities. Our results suggest that the plant environment, especially the substrate of the soil, should be taken into account to identify great sources of natural antifungal products. From the most active sample, a 9,10-dehydrophenanthrene derivative, effusol, absent from other J. maritimus rhizomes extracts, was purified. This product showed a strong antifungal activity against the pathogen, with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 19gmL(-1) and an half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 9.98gmL(-1). This phenanthrene derivative could be a promising biocontrol molecule against Z. tritici.

Published
2017

20. Efficiency of Rosemary and Basil Essential Oils on the Shelf-Life Extension of Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus) Fillets Stored at 2°C

Author

Abdo Hassoun, Romdhane Karoui, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, and Norwegian Institute of Food,Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (NOFIMA)

Subjects
Pharmacology, Scomber, biology, Chemistry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Seafood industry, Food storage, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Shelf life, 040401 food science, Analytical Chemistry, Fishery, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Atlantic mackerel, Total volatile, Lipid oxidation, Environmental Chemistry, Factorial discriminant analysis, Food science, Agronomy and Crop Science, Food Science
Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of rosemary and basil essential oils (EOs) onthe quality of Atlantic mackerel fillets stored at 2°C up to 15 days. Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) fillets were periodically evaluated to assess their textural, color, physicochemical, andspectral characteristics. The results indicated that rosemary and basil treatments were effective for inhibiting the formation of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and lipid oxidation products during storage. Based on TVB-N values, the shelf life of Atlantic mackerel fillets treated with rosemary and basil EOs was extended by 2 and 5 days, respectively, compared to the control group. Similar results were obtained with thiobarbituricacid–reactive substance analysis, which demonstrated an extended shelf life of Atlantic mackerel immersed with rosemary and basil EOs of 2 and 3 days, respectively, compared to the control group. The factorial discriminant analysis applied on the concatenated first five principal components corresponding to the physicochemical, textural, color, and fluorescence measurements allowed clear discrimination of the three groups, because a correct classification rate of 93.3% was obtained. Therefore, treatment with basil and rosemary EOs, as natural biopreservative compounds, could present a high-potential application in the seafood industry.

Published
2017

21. Efficient Genome Editing Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Chicory

Author

Harmony Alves Dos Santos, Jean-Louis Hilbert, David Gagneul, Guillaume Bernard, Audrey Etienne, Caroline Rambaud, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, University of Lille, Region Hauts de France, Alibiotech grant (2016-2020) from the CPER/FEDER program, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, and Rambaud, Caroline

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Agrobacterium, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Chicory, lcsh:Chemistry, Genome editing, CRISPR, Promoter Regions, Genetic, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, Plant Proteins, Gene Editing, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, biology, food and beverages, General Medicine, Computer Science Applications, Oxidoreductases, Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation, Phytoene desaturase, cas9, Article, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, protoplast transformation, multiplex genome editing, phytoene desaturase, agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation, cichorium intybus, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Gene, CRISPR/Cas9, Cichorium intybus, Cas9, Organic Chemistry, fungi, biology.organism_classification, Transformation (genetics), 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Mutation, CRISPR-Cas Systems, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR associated with protein CAS9) is a genome-editing tool that has been extensively used in the last five years because of its novelty, affordability, and feasibility. This technology has been developed in many plant species for gene function analysis and crop improvement but has never been used in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). In this study, we successfully applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis to chicory using Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation and protoplast transfection methods. A U6 promoter (CiU6-1p) among eight predicted U6 promoters in chicory was selected to drive sgRNA expression. A binary vector designed to induce targeted mutations in the fifth exon of the chicory phytoene desaturase gene (CiPDS) was then constructed and used to transform chicory. The mutation frequency was 4.5% with the protoplast transient expression system and 31.25% with A. rhizogenes-mediated stable transformation. Biallelic mutations were detected in all the mutant plants. The use of A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation seems preferable as the regeneration of plants is faster and the mutation frequency was shown to be higher. With both transformation methods, foreign DNA was integrated in the plant genome. Hence, selection of vector (transgene)-free segregants is required. Our results showed that genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9 system can be efficiently used with chicory, which should facilitate and accelerate genetic improvement and functional biology.

Published
2019

22. Degradation of fluorene and phenanthrene in PAHs-contaminated soil using Pseudomonas and Bacillus strains isolated from oil spill sites

Author

Sopheak Net, R. Rasolomampianina, Baghdad Ouddane, F. Krier, Djamel Drider, Dima Merhaby, Suzanah Rabodonirina, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche en Génie des Procédés et Génie de l'Environnement (URGPGE), Faculté des Sciences - Université d'Antananarivo, Université d'Antananarivo-Université d'Antananarivo, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman - UMR 8516 (LASIR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Laboratoire de Technologie des Substances Naturelles (LTSN), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, École nationale d'ingénieurs des techniques des industries agricoles et alimentaires (ENITIAA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Bacillus, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Fluorene, 01 natural sciences, Soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bioremediation, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Pseudomonas, Soil Pollutants, Petroleum Pollution, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Waste Management and Disposal, Soil Microbiology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Fluoranthene, Fluorenes, biology, Bacillus pumilus, General Medicine, Phenanthrenes, Phenanthrene, Biodegradation, biology.organism_classification, 020801 environmental engineering, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Biodegradation, Environmental, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Pyrene, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration
Abstract

Biodegradation of 3-ring and 4-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) model (fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene) were investigated. Twenty-seven bacterial strains were isolated from contaminated-site by oil spills. PAHs-degrading bacteria were screened to select high tolerant species for ensuring an efficient bioremediation. Each of the isolated bacterial strains was grown under different PAHs concentrations (250, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/L). Among the 27 strains, 8 resulted to be resistant to high concentration level of PAHs (1500 mg/L) and thereof can use PAHs as sole source of carbon and energy. The most tolerant strains were molecularly identified using mass spectrometer MALDI-TOF VITEK MS and 16S rDNA sequencing approaches. The identified bacterial strains Pseudomonas stutzeri (P. stutzeri), Bacillus simplex (B. simplex) and Bacillus pumilus (B. pumilus) were used for the bioremediation experiment of soils contaminated by PAHs. The studies were conducted under controlled conditions using soil spiked with a mixture of the target PAHs and the three microcosm strains. The results revealed that only fluorene and phenanthrene, which are low molecular weight PAHs, were degraded efficiently within 72 days of test organism incubation. These degradations were about 65–86% and 86–95% for fluorene and phenanthrene, respectively. At the same time and conversely to fluorene and phenanthrene, the high molecular weight PAHs, pyrene and fluoranthene were recalcitrant to these selected microbial strains. The biodegradation kinetics of both fluorene and phenanthrene were fit a first order rate with R2 values ranging from 0.88 to 0.92. The half-lives of phenanthrene (2.4–2.7 days) and those of fluorene (3.5–4.6 days) were all less than 10 days, delineating therefore acclimatization with the strains.

Published
2019

23. Rapid multiparameters approach to differentiate fresh skinless sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Fillets from frozen-thawed ones

Author

Sylvain Marlard, Thierry Grard, Périne Doyen, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université du Maine [Le Mans - Laval], Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, free calcium, biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], frozen-thawed fillet rapid detection, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 01 natural sciences, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, nucleotides and related compounds, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Free calcium, 010608 biotechnology, alpha-d-glucosidase, Dicentrarchus, 14. Life underwater, Food science, Sea bass, Fillet (mechanics), sea bass, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Food authenticity is one of the major issues in the mind of today's consumers. The sale of frozen-thawed fish fillets under the "fresh fillet" label is considered as a commercial fraud. However, their close sensory properties complicate the differentiation. This study focused on analyzing the composition of exudate (pressured flesh juice) in order to rapidly differentiate between fresh and frozen-thawed skinless fillets of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Protein concentration, alpha-D-glucosidase specific activity, nucleotides and related compounds (NRCs) concentration, and free calcium concentration were measured in exudates corresponding to fresh or frozen-thawed sea bass fillets. Significant increases of these four parameters were observed in exudates from frozen-thawed fillets, especially with a twofold increase in NRCs and free calcium concentrations. These results suggest that NRCs and free calcium concentrations can be promising indicators to rapidly detect mislabeling of fresh fillets.

Published
2019

24. Astin C Production by the Endophytic Fungus Cyanodermella asteris in Planktonic and Immobilized Culture Conditions

Author

Luc Willems, Wolfgang Wohlleben, Jutta Ludwig-Müller, Willem J. H. van Berkel, Micheline Vandenbol, Frank Delvigne, Antoine Vassaux, Thomas Schafhauser, Alexander Lang, Samuel Telek, Linda Jahn, Cédric Tarayre, Patrick Fickers, Anthony Arguelles-Arias, Ariane Théatre, Marc Ongena, Karl-Heinz van Pée, Valérie Leclère, Philippe Jacques, Philippe Compère, Université de Liège, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), ERA-IB 2 program (ASTINPROD project) [ERA-IB-15-039], international laboratory Microbial Secondary Metabolites MOM (University of Lille/Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech University of Liege), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Aster tataricus, Hypha, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biochemie, Fungus, Secondary metabolite, Peptides, Cyclic, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Industrial Microbiology, Bioreactors, Ascomycota, 010608 biotechnology, Endophytes, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Food science, VLAG, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Chemistry, secondary metabolites, 010401 analytical chemistry, fungi, Substrate (chemistry), General Medicine, Cells, Immobilized, Plankton, Stainless Steel, biology.organism_classification, Cyanodermella asteris, Culture Media, 0104 chemical sciences, Spore, Yield (chemistry), Molecular Medicine, Composition (visual arts), biofilms, immobilized-cell cultures, astin C, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; The fungal endophyte Cyanodermella asteris (C. asteris) has been recently isolated from the medicinal plant Aster tataricus (A. tataricus). This fungus produces astin C, a cyclic pentapeptide with anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. The production of this secondary metabolite is compared in immobilized and planktonic conditions. For immobilized cultures, a stainless steel packing immersed in the culture broth is used as a support. In these conditions, the fungus exclusively grows on the packing, which provides a considerable advantage for astin C recovery and purification. C. asteris metabolism is different according to the culture conditions in terms of substrate consumption rate, cell growth, and astin C production. Immobilized-cell cultures yield a 30% increase of astin C production, associated with a 39% increase in biomass. The inoculum type as spores rather than hyphae, and a pre-inoculation washing procedure with sodium hydroxide, turns out to be beneficial both for astin C production and fungus development onto the support. Finally, the influence of culture parameters such as pH and medium composition on astin C production is evaluated. With optimized culture conditions, astin C yield is further improved reaching a five times higher final specific yield compared to the value reported with astin C extraction from A. tataricus (0.89 mg g(-1) and 0.16 mg g(-1) respectively).

Published
2019

25. Horseradish peroxidase-AuNP/LDH heterostructures: influence on nanogold release and enzyme activity

Author

Elena-Florentina Grosu, Renato Froidevaux, Gabriela Carja, 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi (TUIASI), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Government of Romania, Government of France, FEDER, REALCAT platform - 'Future Investments' program (PIA) [ANR-11-EQPX-00370], and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
Immobilized enzyme, Layered double hydroxides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Nanoparticle, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Horseradish peroxidase, Inorganic Chemistry, Controlled release, General Materials Science, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Bioconjugation, biology, Chemistry, Nanoparticles of gold, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Enzyme assay, 0104 chemical sciences, biology.protein, engineering, Nanomedicine, Horseradish peroxidase enzyme, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Gold nanostructures (AuNP) are important as strong platforms for targeted therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Tireless effort has been devoted nowadays to explore the multifunctionality of AuNP in multicomponent biostructures. Herein, we report the fabrication of horseradish peroxidase enzyme (HRP)-AuNP/ZnAlLDH heterostructure by the facile synthesis of AuNP on the biocompatible matrices of layered double hydroxides (LDH) followed by the immobilization of the enzyme on AuNP/LDH assemblies. During this process, ZnAlLDH have a dual function of exploring its structural memory effect" for the synthesis of nanogold and acting as a support for the enzyme immobilization. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrometry, transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structural, chemical composition, optical, and morphology of the novel materials. We present here the release of AuNP from HRP-AuNP/ZnAlLDH by using as controlled variables HRP:LDHs ratio and the pH of the solution. Results show that AuNP established close interactions with HRP and formed an HRP-AuNP bioconjugate. Results reveal that HRP suffers a significant loss of the activity in the presence of nanoparticles of gold, such that, AuNP act to inhibit the activity of the enzyme. AuNP behavior in enzyme-bio-heterostructures should be inspiring for future applications of AuNP in nanomedicine.

Published
2019

26. Pseudomonas sp. COW3 Produces New Bananamide-Type Cyclic Lipopeptides with Antimicrobial Activity against Pythium myriotylum and Pyricularia oryzae

Author

Monica Höfte, Olumide Owolabi Omoboye, Valérie Leclère, Matthieu Duban, Feyisara Eyiwumi Oni, José C. Martins, Mickaël Chevalier, Niels Geudens, Christophe Flahaut, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Université de Lille, Université d'Artois (UA), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFUND) by the Federal Government of Nigeria, Interreg FWVL Va Programme SmartBiocontrol (Bioscreen project), Schlumberger Faculty for the Future, EOS grant [30650620], Alibiotech project - European Union, French Region of Hauts-de-France, European Union through the INTERREG Va FWVL BioScreen/SmartBioControl Project, European Union through bioinformatics platform bilille, Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE) through the program Hubert Curien, Germaine de Stael, Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (MESRI) through the program Hubert Curien, Germaine de Stael, Hercules Foundation [AUGE09/006], Oni, Feyisara Eyiwumi, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Pyricularia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], LIPODEPSIPEPTIDES, Pharmaceutical Science, mycophagy, Peptide, vacuolization, Magnaporthe oryzae, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, hyphal leakage, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Discovery, Aspartic acid, silico analysis, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Pythium myriotylum, biology, Pseudomonas, FLUORESCENS, GENOME, Chemistry, Magnaporthe, Biochemistry, BACTERIUM, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Molecular Medicine, extensive branching, ANTIBIOTICS, Article, RICE BLAST FUNGUS, lcsh:QD241-441, 03 medical and health sciences, NMR spectroscopy, lcsh:Organic chemistry, Biosynthesis, Valine, in silico analysis, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, BIOSYNTHESIS, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, SUPPRESSION, non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), Kendrick mass defect, Pseudomonas koreensis group, Organic Chemistry, Biology and Life Sciences, in, biology.organism_classification, oryzae, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, DISCOVERY, MEMBRANE, Isoleucine, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Pseudomonas species are metabolically robust, with capacity to produce secondary metabolites including cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs). Herein we conducted a chemical analysis of a crude CLP extract from the cocoyam rhizosphere-derived biocontrol strain Pseudomonas sp. COW3. We performed in silico analyses on its whole genome, and conducted in vitro antagonistic assay using the strain and purified CLPs. Via LC-MS and NMR, we elucidated the structures of four novel members of the bananamide group, named bananamides D-G. Besides variability in fatty acid length, bananamides D-G differ from previously described bananamides A-C and MD-0066 by the presence of a serine and aspartic acid at position 6 and 2, respectively. In addition, bananamide G has valine instead of isoleucine at position 8. Kendrick mass defect (KMD) allowed the assignment of molecular formulae to bananamides D and E. We unraveled a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase cluster banA, banB and banC which encodes the novel bananamide derivatives. Furthermore, COW3 displayed antagonistic activity and mycophagy against Pythium myriotylum, while it mainly showed mycophagy on Pyricularia oryzae. Purified bananamides D-G inhibited the growth of P. myriotylum and P. oryzae and caused hyphal distortion. Our study shows the complementarity of chemical analyses and genome mining in the discovery and elucidation of novel CLPs. In addition, structurally diverse bananamides differ in their antimicrobial activity.

Published
2019

27. Lipase catalyzed esterification of formic acid in solvent and solvent-free systems

Author

Renato Froidevaux, Abdulhadi Aljawish, Egon Heuson, Muriel Bigan, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Investments for the Future, by the French Government [ANR-001-01], Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la RechercheEstonian Research Council, Region Hauts-de-France (CPER ALIBIOTECH), ANR-11-EQPX-0037,REALCAT,Plateforme intégREe AppLiquée au criblage haut débit de CATalyseurs pour les bioraffineries(2011), and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
Glycerol, Formic acid, Methyl formate, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bioengineering, Alcohol, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Organic chemistry, Formate, Lipase, Solvent-free system, biology, Esterification, 010405 organic chemistry, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, Solvent, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), biology.protein, Agronomy and Crop Science, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; Esterification reaction between formic acid and alcohols (C4, C8) catalyzed by lipases was performed in solvent and solvent-free systems. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to study the kinetic parameters (Michaelis-Menten) and the reaction conditions by monitoring the ester synthesis. The optimal conditions for formate ester synthesis were found to be: 0.5 M of formic acid, 1.5 M of alcohol, 2% of Novozym 435 at 40 degrees C and 400 rpm in acetonitrile solvent without molecular sieves. In solvent-free system, the optimal conditions were found to be: 1 M of formic acid, 10 M of alcohol, 2% of Novozym 435 at 40 degrees C and 400 rpm without molecular sieves. These optimal conditions resulted in maximum ester yield about 90% for 8 h in solvent system and 5 h in solvent-free system. Among all esterification reactions, the esterification reaction of formic acid with octan-1-ol in solvent-free system was the better regarding the quantity of esterified formic acid, catalytic efficiency of lipase and the required reaction time. Under these optimal conditions, the biocatalyst could be reused for six reaction cycles keeping around 97% of its initial activity after treatment process with n-hexane. Consequently, this enzymatic procedure in solvent-free system could provide formate esters for food and cosmetic applications.

Published
2019

28. Bio-emulsifying and biodegradation activities of syringafactin producing pseudomonas spp. strains isolated from oil contaminated soils

Author

Oumaima Zouari, Didier Lecouturier, Philippe Jacques, Dhouha Ghribi, Pascal Dhulster, Gabrielle Chataigné, Alice Rochex, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, National School of Engineers, Université de Liège, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia, region Hauts-de-FranceRegion Hauts-de-France, European Union SMARTBIOCONTROLPOR TFOLIO-Interreg FWVLBIOPROD program, FEDER program ALIBIOTECH, CPER project ALIBIOTECH from the region Hauts-de-France, and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bioengineering, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, biodegradation, Soil, Surface-Active Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, Bioremediation, Environmental Chemistry, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Food science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Pseudomonas, biosurfactant, Contamination, Biodegradation, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Soil contamination, bioemulsifier, Hydrocarbons, Thin-layer chromatography, pseudomonas, Salinity, Biodegradation, Environmental, Petroleum, lipopeptide, Bacteria
Abstract

International audience; Pseudomonas strains isolated from oil contaminated soils were screened for biosurfactant production. Three out of eleven Pseudomonas isolates were selected for their high emulsifying activity (E24 value on n-hexadecane78%). These isolates (E39, E311 and E313) were identified as members of the P. putida group using phenotypical methods and a molecular approach. To identify the chemical nature of produced biosurfactants, thin layer chromatography and MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry analysis were carried out and revealed lipopeptides belonging to the syringafactin family. The activity of the produced biosurfactants was stable over a pH range of 6-12, at high salinity (10%) and after heating at 80 degrees C. Tests in contaminated sand micro-bioreactors showed that the three strains were able to degrade diesel. These results suggest the potential of these syringafactin producing strains for application in hydrocarbon bioremediation.

Published
2019

29. Adhesion to stainless steel surfaces and detection of viable but non cultivable cells of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimps in seafood processing environments: Stayin' alive?

Author

Marie-Laure Quilici, Thierry Grard, Annick Robert-Pillot, Graziella Midelet-Bourdin, Virginie Raguenet, Maryse Bonnin-Jusserand, Julia Mougin, Daline Bojolly, Stéphanie Copin, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Laboratory for Food Safety, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre National de Référence des Vibrions et du Choléra - National Reference Center Vibrios and Cholera (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], 'Hauts-de-France' regional council, region Hauts-de-France, FranceAgriMer as part of the SURVIB project [2014-0813], French government, Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)

Subjects
food.ingredient, Seafood industries, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Tryptic soy broth, VBNC, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, Brining, Propidium monoazide, medicine, Agar, Viability assay, Food science, Incubation, Vibrio cholerae, biology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Biofilm, 010401 analytical chemistry, PMA-qPCR, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Shrimps, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; A single strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and a single strain of Vibrio cholerae were isolated from shrimps sourced from seafood processing plants. The isolated strains were evaluated for their ability to adhere to stainless steel surfaces, under conditions encountered in seafood industries. In this way, the impact of different environmental factors such as temperature (8 degrees C or 37 degrees C) and culture media (tryptic soy broth (TSB) 2% NaCl, artificial sea water (ASW) or industrial brine) were studied. The viability of these strains was analyzed by three different methods: the enumeration of cultivable bacteria on agar media, and two PCR methods, i.e. a qPCR and a PMA-qPCR method in order to distinguish between viable and dead cells. The proportion of viable but non-cultivable (VBNC) cells was evaluated by comparing the results of propidium monoazide real-time PCR (PMA-qPCR) with the enumeration results. Cultivable bacteria were not detected in brine, regardless of the conditions tested. However, V. cholerae in the VBNC state was detected in brine at 8 degrees C until 48 h of incubation. V. cholerae exhibited higher viability at 8 degrees C compared to 37 degrees C. V. cholerae also exhibited higher viability compared to V. parahaemolyticus. In contrast, for V. parahaemolyticus, temperature and media (except industrial brine) had little influence on cell viability and adhesion behavior.

Published
2019

30. In vitro probiotic properties of selected lactobacilli and multi-strain consortium on immune function, gut barrier strengthening and gut hormone secretion

Author

Benoit Cudennec, Jeanne Alard, Yanath Belguesmia, Rozenn Ravallec, Rezak Mendil, Djamel Drider, Corinne Grangette, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des Ressources Humaines et du Développement Durable, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), european UnNord-Pas-de-Calais Region, Eurion, French Region of Hauts-de-France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French State, CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, and Direction des Ressources Humaines et du Développement Durable (DRHDD)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Multi-strain consortium, Medicine (miscellaneous), Enteroendocrine cell, Microbiology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Probiotic, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Immune system, law, Lactobacillus, Gut barrier, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, TX341-641, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Secretion, Receptor, Cholecystokinin, Inflammation, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Probiotics, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Gut hormones, 3. Good health, Lactobacillus reuteri, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Lactobacilli, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Lactobacillus reuteri ICVB395, L. gasseri ICVB392 and L. gasseri ICVB396 strains, isolated from vaginal microbiota, were investigated for their probiotic traits. L. reuteri ICVB395 strain and the 3RG consortium, associating these three Lactobacillus strains, showed the best anti-inflammatory profile on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) while L. gasseri ICVB392 was the most potent together with the 3RG consortium to strengthen a Caco-2-derived epithelial barrier. The three studied strains induced various secretion levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) by STC-1 enteroendocrine cells, whereas the 3RG consortium was globally less performing. Specific antagonists of protein G receptors, CaSR (Calcium-Sensing Receptor) and GPRC6A (G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 member A), and inhibitor of the peptide transporter Pept-1 provoked differential modulation of the GLP-1 and CCK secretion by STC-1 cells, indicating that different mechanisms are involved in the capacity of lactobacilli and the 3RG to modulate gut hormones secretion.

Published
2019

31. Vibrio species involved in seafood-borne outbreaks (vibrio cholerae, v-parahaemolyticus and v-vulnificus): Review of microbiological versus recent molecular detection methods in seafood products

Author

Maryse Bonnin-Jusserand, Stéphanie Copin, Cédric Le Bris, Thomas Brauge, Mélanie Gay, Anne Brisabois, Thierry Grard, Graziella Midelet-Bourdin, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Laboratory for Food Safety, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), French government, region Hauts-de-France, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl)

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, Vibrio vulnificus, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Disease Outbreaks, law.invention, Microbiology, Foodborne Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, law, medicine, Humans, Food microbiology, 14. Life underwater, seafood, Polymerase chain reaction, Vibrio, 0303 health sciences, biology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, Outbreak, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, vibrio cholerae, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Virology, vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio cholerae, Food Microbiology, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Seafood products are widely consumed all around the world and play a significant role on the economic market. Bacteria of the Vibrio genus can contaminate seafood and thus pose a risk to human health. Three main Vibrio species, V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus, are potentially pathogenic to humans. These species are responsible for a dramatic increase of seafood-borne infections worldwide. Hence, early detection of total and pathogenic Vibrio is needed and should rely on quick and effective methods. This review aims to present the standard methods FDA-BAM, ISO/TS 21872-1:2007 and TS 21872-2:2007 and compare them to recent molecular biology methods including endpoint PCR, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and PCR-derived methods with a focus on LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification). The available methods presented here are dedicated to the detection and identification of the Vibrio species of interest in seafood.

Published
2019

32. Dehydrojuncusol, a Natural Phenanthrene Compound Extracted from Juncus maritimus Is a New Inhibitor of Hepatitis C Virus RNA Replication

Author

Arielle R. Rosenberg, Alexandre Vandeputte, Karin Seron, Yves Rouillé, Muriel Lavie, Priscille Brodin, Jean Dubuisson, Sevser Sahpaz, Véronique Pène, Riadh Ksouri, Céline Rivière, Ramla Sahli, Marie-Emmanuelle Sahuc, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Laboratoire des plantes aromatiques et médicinales (Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles, Tunis) (LPAM), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Virologie de l'hépatite C (EA 4474), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), This work was supported by the French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS-18208), the European Community (ERC-STG INTRACELLTB grant 260901), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-10-EQPX-04-01), the Fonds Européen de Développement Régional (Feder) (12001407 [D-AL] EquipEx ImagInEx BioMed), and the Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais (convention 12000080), We thank platforms of CUMA (University of Lille 2, J. F. Goossens) and LARMN (University of Lille 2, N. Azaroual) for access to equipment. We are grateful to J. Bukh, C. M. Rice, and T. Wakita for providing essential reagents. We are also grateful to Abderrazak Smaoui (Biotechnology Centre of Borj-Cédria) concerning botanical identification and to Thibaut Vausselin for useful discussions. M.-E.S. is a recipient of a Ph.D. Fellowship provided by the French Government., European Project: 260901,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091118,INTRACELLTB(2010), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis - Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Séron, Karin, and A Chemical Genomics Approach of Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis Towards Defining Specific Host Pathogen Interactions - INTRACELLTB - - EC:FP7:ERC2010-12-01 - 2015-11-30 - 260901 - VALID

Subjects
hepatitis C virus, phenanthrene, dehydrojuncusol, Sofosbuvir, Hepatitis C virus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, Context (language use), Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, natural antimicrobial products, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, Genotype, antiviral agents, medicine, Replicon, NS5A, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, 0303 health sciences, virus diseases, Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Viral replication, Insect Science, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, viral replication, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Recent emergence of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) targeting hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins has considerably enhanced the success of antiviral therapy. However, the appearance of DAA-resistant-associated variants is a cause of treatment failure, and the high cost of DAAs renders the therapy not accessible in countries with inadequate medical infrastructures. Therefore, the search for new inhibitors with a lower cost of production should be pursued. In this context, the crude extract of Juncus maritimus Lam. was shown to exhibit high antiviral activity against HCV in cell culture. Bio-guided fractionation allowed the isolation and identification of the active compound, dehydrojuncusol. A time-of-addition assay showed that dehydrojuncusol significantly inhibited HCV infection when added after virus inoculation of HCV genotype 2a (50% effective concentration [EC50] = 1.35 µM). This antiviral activity was confirmed with an HCV subgenomic replicon, and no effect on HCV pseudoparticle entry was observed. Antiviral activity of dehydrojuncusol was also demonstrated in primary human hepatocytes. No in vitro toxicity was observed at active concentrations. Dehydrojuncusol is also efficient on HCV genotype 3a and can be used in combination with sofosbuvir. Interestingly, dehydrojuncusol was able to inhibit RNA replication of two frequent daclatasvir-resistant mutants (L31M or Y93H in NS5A). Finally, mutants resistant to dehydrojuncusol were obtained and showed that the HCV NS5A protein is the target of the molecule. In conclusion, dehydrojuncusol, a natural compound extracted from J. maritimus, inhibits infection of different HCV genotypes by targeting the NS5A protein and is active against resistant HCV variants frequently found in patients with treatment failure.IMPORTANCE Tens of millions of people are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Recently marketed direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) targeting HCV proteins have enhanced the efficacy of treatment. However, due to its high cost, this new therapy is not accessible to the vast majority of infected patients. Furthermore, treatment failures have also been reported due to the appearance of viral resistance. Here, we report on the identification of a new HCV inhibitor, dehydrojuncusol, that targets HCV NS5A and is able to inhibit RNA replication of replicons harboring resistance mutations to anti-NS5A DAAs used in current therapy. Dehydrojuncusol is a natural compound isolated from Juncus maritimus, a halophilic plant species that is very common in coastlines worldwide. This molecule might serve as a lead for the development of a new therapy that is more accessible to hepatitis C patients in the future

Published
2019

33. Physiological and molecular insights of bacteriocin production by Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC from brazilian artisanal cheese

Author

Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov, Valéria Quintana Cavicchioli, Iskra Ivanova, Ilia Iliev, Djamel Drider, Luís Augusto Nero, Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University 'Paisii Hilendarski', Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, CAPES, CNPq, FAPEMIG, La region des Hauts-de-France through CPER/FEDER Alibiotech grant, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), St Kliment Ohridsky University of Sofia, and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ATP-binding cassette transporter, Microbiology, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacteriocins, Bacteriocin, bacteriocin, Cheese, Enterococcus hirae, Media Technology, Bioreactor, Humans, Food microbiology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Food science, Cytotoxicity, Bacterial, Fungal, and Virus Molecular Biology - Research Paper, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Strain (chemistry), biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Food Preservatives, Carbohydrate Metabolism, bacteria, cytotoxicity, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, ABC transporter, Bacteriocin transport, HT29 Cells, Brazil
Abstract

International audience; The bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC recently isolated from a Brazilian artisanal cheese was subjected here to additional analyses in order to evaluate its bacteriocin production and the potential influence of ABC transporter system in its expression. Besides these physiological and molecular aspects, the bacteriocin was evaluated for its cytotoxicity against HT-29. Differences in the inoculum size had no impact on the growth of E. hirae ST57ACC; however, the bacteriocin was only produced after 9h of growth when the strain was inoculated at 5% or 10% (v/v), with similar levels of bacteriocin production obtained by both conventional growth and batch fermentation. Furthermore, potential expression of ABC transporters corresponding to the bacteriocin transport and sugar metabolism was identified. In terms of adverse effects, when a semi-purified fraction of the bacteriocin and the cell-free supernatant were tested against HT-29, total cell viability was similar to observed on untreated cells, indicating the absence of cytotoxic effect. Based on the obtained results, E. hirae ST57ACC can produce its bacteriocin at industrial level by using bioreactors, its bacteriocin expression is potentially influenced by the ABC transporter system, and no cytotoxic effects were observed on HT-29 cells, indicating its potential use as a bio-preservative.

Published
2019

34. Molecular strategies for adapting Bacillus subtilis 168 biosurfactant production to biofilm cultivation mode

Author

Pascal Dhulster, Hannah Brück, Philippe Jacques, Frank Delvigne, François Coutte, Université de Liège, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroressources et Impacts environnementaux (AgroImpact), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ALIBIOTECH program, University of Liège, Hauts-de-France Région, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Bioconversion, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bioengineering, Bacillus subtilis, Biofilm bioreactor, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Peptides, Cyclic, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lipopeptides, Bioreactors, 010608 biotechnology, Bioreactor, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Food science, Cell adhesion, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Cell growth, Biofilm, Lipopeptide, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Filamentation, Biofilms, Surfactin
Abstract

International audience; Biofilm bioreactors have already been proven to be efficient systems for microbial lipopeptide production since they avoid foam formation. However, the cell adhesion capacities of the laboratory strain B. subtilis 168 to the biofilm bioreactor support are limited. In this work, we present a novel approach for increasing cell adhesion through the generation of filamentous and/or exopolysaccharide producing B. subtilis 168 mutants by genetic engineering. The single cell growth behavior was analyzed using time-lapse microscopy and the colonization capacities were investigated under continuous flow conditions in a drip-flow reactor. Cell adhesion could be increased three times through filamentous growth in lipopeptide producing B. subtilis 168 derivatives strains. Further restored exopolysaccharide production increased up to 50 times the cell adhesion capacities. Enhanced cell immobilization resulted in 10 times increased surfactin production. These findings will be of particular interest regarding the design of more efficient microbial cell factories for biofilm cultivation.

Published
2019

35. Screening of lipopeptide-producing strains of Bacillus sp. Using a new automated and sensitive fluorescence detection method

Author

Stephanie L. Filipe, Augusto Etchegaray, François Coutte, Egon Heuson, Daniel Beretta, Mickaël Chevalier, Vincent Phalip, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, University of Campinas, Hauts-de-France Region, European Union through the INTERREG Va FWVL SmartBioControl/Bioscreen project, European Union through the RealCat platform, French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-11-EQPX-0037], Centrale Lille, CNRS, Lille 1 University, Centrale Initiatives Foundation, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil [13/20570-6, 17/13330-0], PIBIC-CNPq, Brazil, ANR-11-EQPX-0037,REALCAT,Plateforme intégREe AppLiquée au criblage haut débit de CATalyseurs pour les bioraffineries(2011), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, and PUC Campinas - Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, High-throughput screening, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], bacillus, Cetylpyridinium, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, high-throughput screening, surfactin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Surface-Active Agents, Pulmonary surfactant, 010608 biotechnology, Fluorescein, Bacillus (shape), Chromatography, biology, Strain (chemistry), 010401 analytical chemistry, Lipopeptide, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Fluorescence, lipopeptides, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Molecular Medicine, fluorescence, Surfactin
Abstract

International audience; Lipopeptides, such as surfactins are important biosurfactants produced by Bacillus sp. that find applications in many areas (environment, medicine, and food industries). Giving their importance, the use of simple detection methods will facilitate screening and quantification. In the present work, the authors describe a completely automated workflow for the screening of lipopeptide-producing strains, including quantification. First, isolated colonies from environmental samples are automatically picked and inoculated in 96 wells growth plate. After overnight incubation, surfactin produced in the broth is quantified, using a new sensitive fluorescent method. The method uses fluorescein (FL), which is an anionic dye at neutral to alkaline pH and forms a stable complex with the cationic surfactant cetylpiridinium chloride (CPC), quenching fluorescence. Upon addition of surfactin or other lipopeptides, fluorescein is released from the CPC-FL complex and quantified. The robustness of this method is assessed by comparing the quantification results to those conventionally measured by RP-UPLC and the results of strain screening are confirmed by MALDI-ToF analysis. The authors report for the first time the successful application of this analytical method for high-throughput screening of novel lipopeptide-producing strains.; Les lipopeptides, tels que les surfactines, sont des biosurfactants importants produits par Bacillus sp. qui trouvent des applications dans de nombreux domaines (environnement, médecine et industries alimentaires). Compte tenu de leur importance, l'utilisation de méthodes de détection simples facilitera leur criblage et leur quantification. Dans le présent travail, les auteurs décrivent un workflow de travail entièrement automatisé pour l'identification des souches productrices de lipopeptides, ainsi que la quantification de ces derniers. Tout d'abord, les colonies isolées des échantillons environnementaux sont automatiquement prélevées et inoculées dans une plaque 96 puits. Après une incubation d'une nuit, la surfactine produite dans le milieu de culture est quantifiée à l'aide d'une nouvelle méthode de lecture basée sur la fluorescence. La méthode utilise la fluorescéine (FL), qui est un colorant anionique au pH neutre à alcalin et qui forme un complexe stable avec le tensioactif cationique chlorure de cétylpiridinium (CPC), éteignant la fluorescence. Lors de l'ajout de surfactine ou d'autres lipopeptides, la fluorescéine est libérée du complexe CPC-FL et quantifiée. La robustesse de cette méthode est évaluée en comparant les résultats de quantification à ceux mesurés conventionnellement par RP-UPLC et les résultats du criblage de souches sont confirmés par analyse MALDI-ToF. Les auteurs rapportent ainsi ici pour la première fois l'application réussie de cette méthode analytique pour le criblage à haut débit de nouvelles souches productrices de lipopeptides.

Published
2019

36. Biallelic PPA2 Mutations Cause Sudden Unexpected Cardiac Arrest in Infancy

Author

Anne Guimier, Richard Redon, Agnès Delahodde, Christopher T. Gordon, Philippe Charron, Myriam Oufadem, Agnès Rötig, Alain Dautant, Patrick Nitschke, Stanislas Lyonnet, Damien Bonnet, Sylvie Di Filippo, Cécile Masson, Patrice Bouvagnet, Loïc de Pontual, Béatrice Kugener, François Godard, Nigel G. Laing, Christine Bole-Feysot, Vincent Probst, Jeanne Amiel, Christelle Vasnier, Stéphane Dauger, Gianina Ravenscroft, Caroline Rambaud, Cheryl Longman, Jean-Paul di Rago, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de biochimie et génétique cellulaires (IBGC), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Medical Research, University of Western Australia and the Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research WA 6009, Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés (SADV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Plate Forme Paris Descartes de Bioinformatique (BIP-D), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Physiologie integrée du système d'éveil, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR19-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Sommeil Pédiatrique (Hôpital Mère-Enfant), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire Cardiogénétique, CHU de Lyon HCL-GH Est-Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Cardiologie Pédiatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Fonctions et dysfonctions de la mitochondrie (FDMITO), Département Biologie Cellulaire (BioCell), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Heterozygote, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mitochondrial disease, Mutant, Mutation, Missense, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mitochondrion, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, Mitochondrial Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Report, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Exome, Genetics(clinical), Alleles, Genetics (clinical), Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Genes, Essential, Microbial Viability, Genetic Complementation Test, Infant, Sudden cardiac arrest, Proton Pumps, medicine.disease, Mitochondria, Diphosphates, Inorganic Pyrophosphatase, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, 030104 developmental biology, Essential gene, Mutation, Female, medicine.symptom, Gene Deletion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Orthologous Gene
Abstract

International audience; Sudden unexpected death in infancy occurs in apparently healthy infants and remains largely unexplained despite thorough investigation. The vast majority of cases are sporadic. Here we report seven individuals from three families affected by sudden and unexpected cardiac arrest between 4 and 20 months of age. Whole-exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous missense mutations in PPA2 in affected infants of each family. PPA2 encodes the mitochondrial pyrophosphatase, which hydrolyzes inorganic pyrophosphate into two phosphates. This is an essential activity for many biosynthetic reactions and for energy metabolism of the cell. We show that deletion of the orthologous gene in yeast (ppa2Δ) compromises cell viability due to the loss of mitochondria. Expression of wild-type human PPA2, but not PPA2 containing the mutations identified in affected individuals, preserves mitochondrial function in ppa2Δ yeast. Using a regulatable (doxycycline-repressible) gene expression system, we found that the pathogenic PPA2 mutations rapidly inactivate the mitochondrial energy transducing system and prevent the maintenance of a sufficient electrical potential across the inner membrane, which explains the subsequent disappearance of mitochondria from the mutant yeast cells. Altogether these data demonstrate that PPA2 is an essential gene in yeast and that biallelic mutations in PPA2 cause a mitochondrial disease leading to sudden cardiac arrest in infants.

Published
2016

37. Burkholderia genome mining for nonribosomal peptide synthetases reveals a great potential for novel siderophores and lipopeptides synthesis

Author

Monica Höfte, Max Béchet, Gabrielle Chataigné, Philippe Jacques, François Krier, Maude Pupin, Valérie Leclère, J. Deravel, Qassim Esmaeel, Nam Phuong Kieu, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioinformatics and Sequence Analysis (BONSAI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Phytopathology (K.C., H.S., B.A., M.H.), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), University of Lille 1, INTERREG IV program France-Wallonie-Vlaanderen (Phytobio project), bioinformatics platform Bilille, Inria, Sana'a University (Yemen), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, siderophore, Antifungal Agents, Burkholderia pseudomallei, HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA, Siderophores, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, chemistry.chemical_compound, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, AERUGINOSA, Peptide Synthases, Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM), Burkholderia, genome mining, lipopeptide, NRPS, Original Research, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia ambifaria, Lipopeptide, PEPTIDES, Burkholderia phymatum, DNA, Bacterial, DATABASE, Computational biology, 010402 general chemistry, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Lipopeptides, Bacterial Proteins, Nonribosomal peptide, Base Sequence, STRAINS, Gene Expression Profiling, PSEUDOMONAS-CEPACIA, Biology and Life Sciences, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, FOS: Biological sciences, NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD, PYOCHELIN, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Genome, Bacterial, BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS
Abstract

International audience; Burkholderia is an important genus encompassing a variety of species, including pathogenic strains as well as strains that promote plant growth. We have carried out a global strategy, which combined two complementary approaches. The first one is genome guided with deep analysis of genome sequences and the second one is assay guided with experiments to support the predictions obtained in silico. This efficient screening for new secondary metabolites, performed on 48 gapless genomes of Burkholderia species, revealed a total of 161 clusters containing nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), with the potential to synthesize at least 11 novel products. Most of them are siderophores or lipopeptides, two classes of products with potential application in biocontrol. The strategy led to the identification, for the first time, of the cluster for cepaciachelin biosynthesis in the genome of Burkholderia ambifaria AMMD and a cluster corresponding to a new malleobactin-like siderophore, called phymabactin, was identified in Burkholderia phymatum STM815 genome. In both cases, the siderophore was produced when the strain was grown in iron-limited conditions. Elsewhere, the cluster for the antifungal burkholdin was detected in the genome of B. ambifaria AMMD and also Burkholderia sp. KJ006. Burkholderia pseudomallei strains harbor the genetic potential to produce a novel lipopeptide called burkhomycin, containing a peptidyl moiety of 12 monomers. A mixture of lipopeptides produced by Burkholderia rhizoxinica lowered the surface tension of the supernatant from 70 to 27 mN·m−1. The production of nonribosomal secondary metabolites seems related to the three phylogenetic groups obtained from 16S rRNA sequences. Moreover, the genome-mining approach gave new insights into the nonribosomal synthesis exemplified by the identification of dual C/E domains in lipopeptide NRPSs, up to now essentially found in Pseudomonas strains.

Published
2016

38. Sexual reproduction of Zymoseptoria tritici on durum wheat in Tunisia revealed by presence of airborne inoculum, fruiting bodies and high levels of genetic diversity

Author

Jean-Louis Hilbert, A. Yahyaoui, M. Hassine, Anne Legrève, Maxime Duvivier, T. Cadalen, W. Hamada, P. Halama, Pierre Hellin, A Siah, M. Baraket, Université de Tunis Carthage, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), National Water Research Institute, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding at the National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia (INAT), Regional Field Crops Research Center - Tunisia, Tunisia Septoria Phenotyping Platform of CIMMYT - Tunisia, Walloon Agricultural Research Center - Belgium, Earth and Life Institute of the Catholic University of Louvain - Belgium, European UnionEuropean Union (EU), French Regional Council Hauts-de-France, Institut Charles Viollette of Lille - France, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Tunisia, Genotype, Evolution, Epidemiology, Population genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Climate, Population, Growing season, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Septoria, Behavior and Systematics, Ascomycota, Ascospores, Genetics, Heterothallic, Fruiting Bodies, Fungal, Mating, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Triticum, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Diseases, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Genetic diversity, Ecology, biology, Reproduction, food and beverages, Genetic Variation, Spores, Fungal, biology.organism_classification, Sexual reproduction, qPCR, Infectious Diseases, Agronomy, Ascospore, Septoria tritici blotch, 010606 plant biology & botany, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

International audience; Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the heterothallic ascomycete Zymoseptoria tritici is currently one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. The extent of sexual reproduction of this pathogen is well documented on bread wheat, but not on durum wheat. The objective of the present study was to quantify the occurrence of Z. tritici sexual reproduction on durum wheat in the Tunisian environment. The assessment was undertaken using a triple approach combining fruiting body assessment, ascospore trapping and population genetic analyses. The results highlighted the formation of pseudothecia on leaves and stubble from the autumn until the end of the growing season. Likewise, qPCR monitoring highlighted a constant release of Z. tritici airborne inoculum during the wheat-growing season, with a peak of production at the end of the season. Genetic investigations using microsatellites revealed high levels of gene and genotypic diversities, an equal distribution of mating types, and a lack of genetic clustering within and between growing seasons. Taken together, these findings indicate that Z. tritici undergoes sexual reproduction on durum wheat in Tunisia at least to the same extent than on bread wheat in Western Europe, and that the dry and warm climate does not affect the mating process of the fungus. Frequent occurrence of sexual reproduction is a valuable knowledge to take into account in STB control strategies on durum wheat. (C) 2019 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2018

39. Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Bacillus pumilus ICVB403 Isolated from Acartia tonsa Copepod Eggs Revealed Surfactin and Bacteriocin Production: Insights on Anti-Staphylococcus Activity

Author

Djamel Drider, Benoit Cudennec, Yanath Belguesmia, Thierry Grard, Sami Souissi, Christophe Flahaut, Mahammed Zidour, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Université de Lille, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Staphylococcus aureus, copepods, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Eggs, 030106 microbiology, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, surfactin, Copepoda, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Lipopeptides, bacteriocin, Bacteriocins, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Animals, Molecular Biology, Bacillus pumilus, biology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, antagonism, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Staphylococcus warneri, Molecular Medicine, Surfactin, Staphylococcus, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract

International audience; Here we show that Bacillus pumilus ICVB403 recently isolated from copepod eggs is able to produce, after 48-72 h of growth in Landy medium, extracellular inhibitory compounds, which are active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300, MRSA-S1, Staphylococcus epidermidis 11EMB, Staphylococcus warneri 27EMB, and Staphylococcus hominis 13EMB. Moreover, these extracellular inhibitory compound(s) were able to potentiate erythromycin against the aforementioned staphylococci. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of erythromycin was reduced from 32 mu g/mL to 8 mu g/mL for MRSA ATCC 43300 and MRSA SA-1 strains, and from 32-64 mu g/mL to 4 mu g/mL for S. epidermidis 11EMB and S. hominis 13EMB strains. The genome sequencing and analysis of B. pumilus ICVB403 unveiled 3.666.195 nucleotides contained in 22 contigs with a G + C ratio of 42.0%, 3.826 coding sequences, and 73 RNAs. In silico analysis guided identification of two putative genes coding for synthesis of surfactin A, a lipopeptide with 7 amino acids, and for a circular bacteriocin belonging to the circularin A/uberolysin family, respectively.

Published
2018

40. Determination of the cell wall polysaccharide and teichoic acid structures from Lactococcus lactis IL1403

Author

Thierry Grard, Douwe van Sinderen, Saulius Kulakauskas, Evgeny Vinogradov, Irina Sadovskaya, Jennifer Mahony, Marie-Pierre Chapot-Chartier, Pascal Courtin, National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), School of Microbiology, University College Cork (UCC), APC Microbiome Institute [Cork], French ANR project 'Lactophages' [ANR-11-BSV8-004-01], Science Foundation Ireland through the Irish Government's National Development Plan [15/SIRG/3430, 13/IA/1953], Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Rhamnose, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Disaccharide, Polysaccharide, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Cell wall, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cell-wall polysaccharide, NMR spectroscopy, Bacterial Proteins, Cell Wall, Polysaccharides, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Teichoic acid, biology, Strain (chemistry), Organic Chemistry, Lactococcus lactis, Structure, General Medicine, Carbohydrate, biology.organism_classification, Teichoic Acids, chemistry, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
Abstract

International audience; In the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis, a cell wall polysaccharide (CWPS) is the bacterial receptor of the majority of infecting bacteriophages. The diversity of CWPS structures between strains explains, at least partially, the narrow host range of lactococcal phages. In the present work, we studied the polysaccharide components of the cell wall of the prototype L. lactis subsp. lactis strain IL1403. We identified a rhamnose-rich complex polysaccharide, carrying a glycerophosphate substitution, as the major component. Its structure was analyzed by 2D NMR spectroscopy, methylation analysis and MALDI-TOF MS and shown to be distinctly different from currently known lactococcal CWPS structures. It contains a linear backbone of repeated α-L-Rha disaccharide subunits, which is irregularly substituted with a trisaccharide occasionally bearing a glycerophosphate group. A poly (glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid, another important carbohydrate component of the IL1403 cell wall, was also isolated and structurally characterized.

Published
2018

41. Structural studies of the cell wall polysaccharide from Lactococcus lactis UC509.9

Author

Marie-Pierre Chapot-Chartier, James Murphy, Douwe van Sinderen, Irina Sadovskaya, Jennifer Mahony, Evgeny Vinogradov, Thierry Grard, National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Biochimie des Produits Aquatiques (BPA), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), School of Microbiology, University College Cork (UCC), APC Microbiome Institute [Cork], MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Science Foundation Ireland through the Irish Government's National Development Plan (Starting Investigator Research Grant (SIRG) [15/SIRG/3430], Principal Investigator award [13/IA/1953]), French ANR project 'Lactophages' [ANR-11-BSV8-004-01], Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Polysaccharide, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Cell wall, Bacteriophage, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell-wall polysaccharide, NMR spectroscopy, Cell Wall, Polysaccharides, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Repeat unit, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Strain (chemistry), Organic Chemistry, Lactococcus lactis, Structure, General Medicine, Oligosaccharide, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cell envelope
Abstract

International audience; Lactococcus lactis is the most widely utilised starter bacterial species in dairy fermentations. The L. lactis cell envelope contains polysaccharides, which, among other known functions, serve as bacteriophage receptors. Our previous studies have highlighted the structural diversity of these so-called cell wall polysaccharides (CWPSs) among L. lactis strains that could account for the narrow host range of most lactococcal bacteriophages. In the present work, we studied the CWPS of L. lactis strain UC509.9, an Irish dairy starter strain that is host to the temperate and well-characterized P335-type phage Tuc2009. The UC509.9 CWPS structure was analyzed by methylation, deacetylation/deamination, Smith degradation and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The CWPS consists of a linear backbone composed of a tetrasaccharide repeat unit, partially substituted with a branched phosphorylated oligosaccharide having a common trisaccharide and three non-stoichiometric substitutions.

Published
2018

42. Development of horseradish peroxidase/layered double hydroxide hybrid catalysis for phenol degradation

Author

Renato Froidevaux, Gabriela Cârjă, Elena-Florentina Grosu, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi (TUIASI), Government of France, Government of Romania, FEDER, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
LDH, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Horseradish peroxidase, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Degradation, Phenol, Photodegradation, biology, Layered double hydroxides, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Photo-enzymatic, chemistry, Polymerization, Photocatalysis, biology.protein, engineering, Hydroxide, HRP, 0210 nano-technology, Simultaneous, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

International audience; Both photocatalytic and enzymatic degradation of phenol were studied in order to evaluate and to compare the catalytic potential of both methods. For this, solar-sensitive ZnMe (Me=Al, Cr) layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and their derived mixtures of mixed oxides (MMOs) were synthesized via co-precipitation and calcination at 750 degrees C, while the calcined LDH at 550 degrees C was used for horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilization through absorption. The structural, optical and thermal properties of catalysts were investigated by XRD, FTIR, TG/DTA, TEM and UV-Vis analyses. We approached here for the first time the use of LDH-HRP biohybrid for phenol degradation. Further, since HRP operates similarly as photocatalysts, we also investigated the ability of LDH-HRP to generate photo-enzymatic responses, when the biocatalyst is used under solar light. Both degradation methods are able to remove phenol from solution via different pathways, namely step-by-step phenol photodegradation and phenol enzymatic polymerization, when an insoluble product is obtained at the end of reaction. After 7h of reaction, 95% of phenol was removed by a MMOs, while ZnAlLDH+light, ZnAlLDH-HRP and ZnAlLDH-HRP+light removed 20, 25 and 35% of phenol via photo-, enzymatic and photo-enzymatic catalysis, respectively.

Published
2018

43. Cold remote plasma modification of wood: Optimization process using experimental design

Author

Muriel Bigan, Brigitte Mutel, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems - IEMN (BIOMEMS - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
Materials science, Absorption of water, biology, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Superhydrophobic coating, Plasma polymerization, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Contact angle, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Remote plasma, Wetting, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Beech
Abstract

International audience; A Cold Remote (N-2 + O-2) Plasma (CRNOP) process was used in order to create new surface properties on various wooden samples. Two applications were studied and optimized using experimental design. The first one involved samples (fir, pine, beech and oak) treated by the CRNOP in order to increase their impregnability evaluated by dynamic wetting and water absorption measurements. In the best conditions, water absorption was increased by 1.8; 1.9; 2.0 and 5.1 for fir, pine, oak and beech, respectively. The second application involved a plasma polymerization of 1,1,3,3, tetramethyldisiloxane induced by the CRNOP in order to create a superhydrophobic coating on beech sample previously treated by the CRNOP. In optimal conditions, a contact angle equal to 160 degrees could be reached. FTIR spectroscopy give evidence for Si-O-Si, Si-O-C and Si(CH3)(n) bands in a polysiloxane structure. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2018

44. In silico and experimental data claiming safety aspects and beneficial attributes of the bacteriocinogenic strain enterococcus faecalis B3A-B3B

Author

Benoit Cudennec, Yanath Belguesmia, Djamel Drider, John Baah, Alaa Al Seraih, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Best Environmental Technologies, and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Virulence Factors, medicine.drug_class, In silico, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Antibiotics, Virulence, beneficial traits, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, In silico analysis, Microbiology, Enterococcus faecalis, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Bacteriocins, Bacteriocin, bacteriocin, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, enterococcus faecalis, medicine, Humans, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Computer Simulation, Molecular Biology, Gene, Microbial Viability, biology, Clindamycin, biology.organism_classification, Trimethoprim, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Gastrointestinal Tract, lactic acid bacteria, 030104 developmental biology, Molecular Medicine, Caco-2 Cells, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; This study aimed at comparing the genome of Enterococcus faecalis B3A-B3B, a bacteriocinogenic strain recently isolated from a healthy Iraqi infant to those of Enterococci of clinical and beneficial grades. The putative genes gelE, cpd, efaAfm, ccf, agg, and cob coding for virulence factors were detected in B3A-B3B strain, which meanwhile resulted to be non-cytotoxic, non-hemolytic, devoid of inflammatory effects, and sensitive to most of the antibiotics tested except for clindamycin and trimethoprim, which resistance is usually ascribed to intrinsic nature. B3A-B3B strain was remarkable for its hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, adhesion to human Caco-2 cells, and survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, and cholesterol assimilation fulfilling therefore key beneficial attributes.

Published
2018

45. Lipopeptide biodiversity in antifungal Bacillus strains isolated from Algeria

Author

Gabrielle Chataigné, M. Chollet, Anthony Arguelles Arias, Max Béchet, Ahmed Abderrahmani, Philippe Jacques, Lamia Abdellaziz, Valérie Leclère, Lamia Yaici, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), Université de Liège, European Union of Hauts-de-France, Walloon Region, French State of Hauts-de-France, French Region of Hauts-de-France, European Union, Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, and Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene = University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Antifungal Agents, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Genome, Peptides, Cyclic, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lipopeptides, Kurstakin, Biosynthesis, Antibiosis, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Peptide Synthases, Molecular Biology, Gene, Soil Microbiology, DNA Primers, Plant Diseases, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Fengycin, biology, Lipopeptide, General Medicine, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Amino acid, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biological Control Agents, Algeria, Seeds, Algerian Bacillus strains, Specific primers, Surfactin, Soil microbiology, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract

International audience; Several Bacillus strains have been well studied for their ability to control soil-borne plant diseases. This property is linked to the production of several families of lipopeptides. Depending of their structure, these compounds show antifungal and/or plant systemic resistance inducing activities. In this work, the biodiversity of lipopeptides produced by different antifungal Bacillus strains isolated from seeds, rhizospheric, and non-rhizospheric soils in Algeria was analyzed. Sixteen active strains were characterized by PCR for their content in genes involved in lipopeptide biosynthesis and by MALDI-ToF for their lipopeptide production, revealing a high biodiversity of products. The difficulty to detect kurstakin genes led us to design two new sets of specific primers. An interesting potential of antifungal activity and the synthesis of two forms of fengycins differing in the eighth amino acid (Gln/Glu) were found from the strain 8. Investigation of its genome led to the finding of an adenylation domain of the fengycin synthetase predicted to activate the glutamate residue instead of the glutamine one. According to the comparison of both the results of MALDI-ToF-MS and genome analysis, it was concluded that this adenylation domain could activate both residues at the same time. This study highlighted that the richness of the Algerian ecosystems in Bacillus strains is able to produce: surfactin, pumilacidin, lichenysin, kurstakin, and different types of fengycins.

Published
2018

46. Polynucleotide phosphorylase is involved in the control of lipopeptide fengycin production in Bacillus subtilis

Author

Yazen Yaseen, Max Béchet, Frédérique Gancel, Awa Diop, Philippe Jacques, Djamel Drider, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Campus France through joint French-Iraqi governments program, and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Polynucleotide phosphorylase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Mutant, Gene Expression, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase, Bacillus subtilis, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Lipopeptides, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacterial Proteins, Operon, Genetics, B. subtilis, Molecular Biology, Botrytis cinerea, Polyribonucleotide Nucleotidyltransferase, Fengycin, biology, Wild type, Lipopeptide, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Mutation, Surfactin
Abstract

International audience; Bacillus subtilis is a wealth source of lipopeptide molecules such as iturins, surfactins and fengycins or plipastatins endowed with a range of biological activities. These molecules, designated secondary metabolites, are synthesized via non-ribosomal peptides synthesis (NRPS) machinery and are most often subjected to a complex regulation with involvement of several regulatory factors. To gain novel insights on mechanism regulating fengycin production, we investigated the effect of the fascinating polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), as well as the effect of lipopeptide surfactin. Compared to the wild type, the production of fengycin in the mutant strains B. subtilis BBG235 and BBG236 altered for PNPase has not only decreased to about 70 and 40%, respectively, but also hampered its antifungal activity towards the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea. On the other hand, mutant strains BBG231 (srfAA−) and BBG232 (srfAC−) displayed different levels of fengycin production. BBG231 had registered an important decrease in fengycin production, comparable to that observed for BBG235 or BBG236. This study permitted to establish that the products of pnpA gene (PNPase), and srfAA− (surfactin synthetase) are involved in fengycin production.

Published
2018

47. Newly Isolated Lactobacilli strains from Algerian Human Vaginal Microbiota: Lactobacillus fermentum Strains Relevant Probiotic's Candidates

Author

Djamel Drider, Farida Bendali, Liza Ouarabi, Yasmina Ait Chait, Hamza Ait Seddik, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa], Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, CPER/FEDER Alibiotech program (2016-2020), Algerian Ministry of High Education and Scientific Research, and Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus fermentum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Probiotic, Microbiology, Hemolysis, Bacterial Adhesion, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Vaginal disease, law, Lactobacillus, Candida albicans, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Humans, Prospective Studies, Molecular Biology, Escherichia coli, Antagonism, biology, Microbiota, Probiotics, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Isolation (microbiology), 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Lactobacilli, Algeria, Vagina, Molecular Medicine, Female, Vaginal microbiota
Abstract

International audience; Lactobacilli strains are considered as a preventive means for treatment of vaginal infections or post-antibiotic treatment to repopulate the vaginal mucosa. This study aimed at establishing the vaginal lactobacillus profile of Algerian women with different vaginal diseases. Afterwards, lactobacilli isolated from swabs were in vitro characterized for their probiotic hallmarks. This prospective study allowed isolation of 44 Lactobacillus strains and 160 potentially pathogens, among which are Escherichia coli (50 isolates), Staphylococcus sp. (38 isolates), Enterococcus sp. (16 isolates), and Candida sp. (56 isolates). All Lactobacilli strains were characterized for their antagonism, adhesion to polystyrene, and resistance to acidity and bile. Consequently, six Lactobacillus strains (Lb. fermentum 5LB4, 5LB10, 5LB12, Lb. plantarum 5LB2, 5LB11, and Lactobacillus sp. 4LB9) were moderately or weakly adherent, and 35 potentially pathogens exhibited weak to strong adhesion to polystyrene. Antagonism was recorded for 36 Lactobacillus strains towards E. coli 6E2, S. aureus 7S3, Enterococcus sp. 5EN8, and Candida albicans C1 used as indicator organisms. Finally, Lb. fermentum 9LB6, 4LB16, and 10LB1 and Lb. plantarum 9LB4 were remarkable for their inhibitory activity, absence of hemolytic potential, and for their resistance to acidity (pH1.5) and bile (0.5%) harsh conditions.

Published
2017

48. Front-face fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometric tools for monitoring fish freshness stored under different refrigerated conditions

Author

Abdo Hassoun, Romdhane Karoui, Norwegian Institute of Food,Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (NOFIMA), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille

Subjects
biology, Chemistry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Front-face fluorescence, Analytical chemistry, Cold storage, biology.organism_classification, Whiting, Lipid oxidation, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Merlangius merlangus, Fish, Chemometry, TBARS, Peroxide value, Spectroscopy, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; Front-face fluorescence spectroscopy was used as a rapid tool for assessing freshness of whiting fish (Merlangius merlangus) fillets stored at 4 ± 1 °C for up to 12 days under different conditions. Some physicochemical analysis [i.e., water content, pH, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] were performed. With increasing storage time, the TBARS and pH values increased progressively in all whiting fish fillets, in particular for those exposed to light. Principal component analysis and factorial discriminant analysis applied separately to the tryptophan (excitation: 290 nm, emission: 305–450 nm) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) (excitation: 340 nm, emission: 360–600 nm) spectra gave only a slight discrimination between the investigated whiting fish fillets. These results were improved when data from all the fluorescence spectra were analyzed jointly, since nearly three-quarters of samples were correctly classified. The best results were obtained by concatenating the fluorescence and physicochemical data sets, giving more than 90% of correct classification.

Published
2015

49. Role of cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis in mounting induced immunity in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Author

Monica Höfte, Philippe Jacques, François Coutte, David De Vleesschauwer, Sabrina Chandler, Nathalie Van Hese, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)

Subjects
Oryza sativa, biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Jasmonic acid, fungi, food and beverages, Plant Science, Bacillus subtilis, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Rhizoctonia solani, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Genetics, Plant defense against herbivory, Magnaporthe grisea, Surfactin, Abscisic acid
Abstract

In this study, we demonstrate the potential of Bacillus subtilis BBG111 to trigger ISR in rice (Oryza sativa L.) against Rhizoctonia solani, while there was no effect against Magnaporthe oryzae. We show that plant recognition of BBG111 induces jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) as well as abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin signaling. In addition, B. subtilis supernatants also boosted immune responses triggered by chitin, suggesting that BBG111 triggers ISR at least in part by reinforcing basal plant defense responses. Finally, our results reveal an indispensable role of the BBG111 cyclic lipopeptides, fengycin and surfactin, in the induced defense state.

Published
2015

50. Another Brick in the Wall: a Rhamnan Polysaccharide Trapped inside Peptidoglycan of Lactococcus lactis

Author

Irina Sadovskaya, Evgeny Vinogradov, Pascal Courtin, Julija Armalyte, Mickael Meyrand, Efstathios Giaouris, Simon Palussière, Sylviane Furlan, Christine Pèéchoux, Stuart Ainsworth, Jennifer Mahony, Douwe van Sinderen, Saulius Kulakauskas, Yann Guèéérardel, Marie-Pierre Chapot-Chartier, Mark S. Turner, Indranil Biswas, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada (NRC), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), School of Microbiology, University College Cork (UCC), APC Microbiome Institute [Cork], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Région Ile-de-France, French ANR project 'Lactophages' [ANR-11-BSV8-004-01], Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [14/TIDA/2287, 15/SIRG/3430], SFI [13/IA/1953], Chapot-Chartier, Marie-Pierre, CNRS, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Université de Lille, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 [ICV], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF) - UMR 8576, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale [ULCO], National Research Council of Canada [NRC], MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé [MICALIS], Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative [GABI], University College Cork [UCC], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 [UGSF], Turner, Mark S., Biswas, Indranil, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Lactococcus, 030106 microbiology, Mutant, polysaccharides, Peptidoglycan, rhamnan, Polysaccharide, Microbiology, Bacterial cell structure, Cell wall, Mannans, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacterial Proteins, Polysaccharides, Virology, Glycosyltransferase, Deoxy Sugars, chemistry.chemical_classification, Cell Wall, HR-MAS NMR, Rhamnan, biology, Lactococcus lactis, Cell Membrane, Microbiology and Parasitology, biology.organism_classification, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, eye diseases, QR1-502, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, chemistry, Biochemistry, cell wall, Mutation, biology.protein, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Research Article
Abstract

Polysaccharides are ubiquitous components of the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall. In Lactococcus lactis, a polysaccharide pellicle (PSP) forms a layer at the cell surface. The PSP structure varies among lactococcal strains; in L. lactis MG1363, the PSP is composed of repeating hexasaccharide phosphate units. Here, we report the presence of an additional neutral polysaccharide in L. lactis MG1363 that is a rhamnan composed of α-l-Rha trisaccharide repeating units. This rhamnan is still present in mutants devoid of the PSP, indicating that its synthesis can occur independently of PSP synthesis. High-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) analysis of whole bacterial cells identified a PSP at the surface of wild-type cells. In contrast, rhamnan was detected only at the surface of PSP-negative mutant cells, indicating that rhamnan is located underneath the surface-exposed PSP and is trapped inside peptidoglycan. The genetic determinants of rhamnan biosynthesis appear to be within the same genetic locus that encodes the PSP biosynthetic machinery, except the gene tagO encoding the initiating glycosyltransferase. We present a model of rhamnan biosynthesis based on an ABC transporter-dependent pathway. Conditional mutants producing reduced amounts of rhamnan exhibit strong morphological defects and impaired division, indicating that rhamnan is essential for normal growth and division. Finally, a mutation leading to reduced expression of lcpA, encoding a protein of the LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) family, was shown to severely affect cell wall structure. In lcpA mutant cells, in contrast to wild-type cells, rhamnan was detected by HR-MAS NMR, suggesting that LcpA participates in the attachment of rhamnan to peptidoglycan., IMPORTANCE In the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, the peptidoglycan sacculus is considered the major structural component, maintaining cell shape and integrity. It is decorated with other glycopolymers, including polysaccharides, the roles of which are not fully elucidated. In the ovococcus Lactococcus lactis, a polysaccharide with a different structure between strains forms a layer at the bacterial surface and acts as the receptor for various bacteriophages that typically exhibit a narrow host range. The present report describes the identification of a novel polysaccharide in the L. lactis cell wall, a rhamnan that is trapped inside the peptidoglycan and covalently bound to it. We propose a model of rhamnan synthesis based on an ABC transporter-dependent pathway. Rhamnan appears as a conserved component of the lactococcal cell wall playing an essential role in growth and division, thus highlighting the importance of polysaccharides in the cell wall integrity of Gram-positive ovococci.

Published
2017

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