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Parasram, Nadeshinie, Santana, William, Vallès, Henri (2023): Checklist of the shallow-water marine Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of Barbados, West Indies. Zootaxa 5314 (1): 1-62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5314.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN

Uhlias limbatus Stimpson, 1871 (Figs. 6B–C) Uhlias limbatus Stimpson 1871: 118 [type-locality: St. Thomas; type in USNM]; Rathbun 1897: 38; 1937: 150, pl. 36, figs. 3–5; Abele & Kim 1986: 37; Lira et al. 2005: 95–97, fig. 1; Ng et al. 2008: 94; Poupin 2018: 183, fig. 197. Distribution. Western Atlantic: USA (Florida, Key West), Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, St. Thomas, Barbados, Tortuga, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guyana (Lira et al. 2005; Poupin 2018; present study). Material examined. Barbados, Coconut Court, Christ Church, nearshore rubble, 13°04’31.59”N, 59°36’13.78”W, 1 ♀ CW: 6.2 mm (BLSZ 193). Remarks. This is the first record of Uhlias limbatus from Barbados. This specimen was collected in nearshore rubble habitat at low tide, under rubble rock, in a tidal pool on the south coast of Barbados. The frontal margin, orbitals, protogastric, mesogastric, and hepatic regions of the carapace of this specimen (BLSZ 193) are covered with crustose coralline algae (Figs. 6D, E). Rathbun (1921: 67) reported two species from the family Leucosiidae that were collected in Barbados by the Barbados-Antigua Expedition in 1918. One male specimen of Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 was collected at depths of 63–135 m (35–75 fathoms) (USNM 77147) and specimens of Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871, (three juvenile females and one male, USNM 1460420, 1460419, 110228, 1460421) were collected at depths of 90–360 m (50–200 fathoms). This study did not find any specimens of Ebalia stimpsonii or Iliacantha subglobosa., Published as part of Parasram, Nadeshinie, Santana, William & Vallès, Henri, 2023, Checklist of the shallow-water marine Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of Barbados, West Indies, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 5314 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8129832, {"references":["Stimpson, W. (1871) Preliminary report on the Crustacea dredged in the Gulf Stream in the Straits of Florida by L. F. de Pourtales, Assist. U. S. Coast Survey. Part I. Brachyura. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 2, 109 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59691","Rathbun, M. J. (1897) List of the Decapod Crustacea of Jamaica. Annales of the Institute of Jamaica, 1 (1), 155 - 172.","Rathbun, M. J. (1937) The Oxystomatous and allied crabs of America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 166, i + 1 - 278. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.166. i","Abele, L. G. & Kim, W. (1986) An illustrated guide to the marine decapod crustaceans of Florida. Florida Department of Environemtal Regulation, Technical Series, 8 (1 - 2), 1 - 760.","Lira, C., Bolanos, J., Hernandez, G., Hernandez, J. & Anker, A. (2005) First record of Uhlias limbatus Stimpson, 1871 (Brachyura: Leucosiidae) in Venezuelan waters. Nauplius, 13 (1), 95 - 97.","Poupin, J. (2018) Les Crustaces decapodes des Petites Antilles: Avec de nouvelles observations pour Saint-Martin, la Guadeloupe et la Martinique. Publications scientifiques du Museum National d'histoire Naturelle, Paris, 246 pp.","Rathbun, M. J. (1921) Report on the Brachyura collected by the Barbados-Antigua Expedition from the University of Iowa in 1918. In: Nutting, C. C. (Ed.), Reports on the Crinoids, Ophiurans, Brachyura, Tanidacea and Isopoda, Amphipods, & Echinoidea of the Barbados-Antigua Expedition of 1918. Vol. 9. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, pp. 65 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11395","Milne-Edwards, A. (1880) Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Caribbean Sea, 1877, ' 78, ' 79, by the United States Coast Survey Steamer \" Blake, \" Lieut. - Com. C. D. Sigsbee, U. S. N., and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. Etudes Preliminaires sur les Crustaces. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 8 (1), 1 - 68."]}

The identity of Philyra alcocki Kemp, 1915 (Leucosiidae), a species described from Chilika Lake, India is clarified. The redescription of lectotype male and examination of fresh material collected from Chilika Lake, Odisha state of India revealed that P. alcocki is significantly different morphologically from members of Philyra senso stricto and other allied genera in possessing two tuberculated rows on the branchial region of carapace, and a well-developed tubercle on male thoracic sternite 5 on either side of the sternopleonal cavity. Therefore, a new genus Alcolyra n. gen. is established herewith for the species.

An updated checklist of Mozambican marine brachyuran crabs is generated based on an exhaustive revision of the existing literature, together with the additional records provided by the specimens collected throughout the three “MOZAMBIQUE” surveys carried out in Mozambican waters during three consecutive years (2007–2009) by the Instituto Español de Oceanografía, (Spanish Institute of Oceanography, IEO). A total of 269 species, grouped in 15 superfamilies, 26 families and 172 genera are reported in the checklist, and a detailed inventory is produced with the list and remarks about the brachyuran species collected. Thirty-nine crab species belonging to 19 families were identified based on morphological characteristics and/or genetic tools. DNA barcode sequences (16S rRNA and/or COI) were obtained for 37 species, including 16S and COI sequences that are new for 26 and 14 species, respectively. Colour photographs of fresh specimens illustrate the comments about most species, being the first time that the original colour pattern is described for some of them. New records in Mozambican waters are reported for the species Paromolopsis boasi, Mursia aspera, Carcinoplax ischurodous, Tanaoa pustulosus, Euclosiana exquisita, Oxypleurodon difficilis, Naxioides robillardi, Samadinia galathea, Cyrtomaia gaillardi, Paramaja gibba, Pleistacantha ori, Parathranites granosus, Parathranites orientalis, Ovalipes iridescens and Charybdis smithii, and second records for Moloha alcocki, Samadinia pulchra and Charybdis africana. In addition, Raninoides crosnieri, S. galathea and P. ori were collected for the first time after their descriptions. The female of Samadinia galathea is described for the first time, and a potential new species of Mursia is reported. Some records expand the known bathymetric range of certain species and/or their general distribution. New molecular and morphological data suggest the necessity of the revision of P. boasi, R. crosnieri, C. africana and the genera Platymaia and Carcinoplax. The variability and taxonomic validity of some morphological characters in brachyuran systematic is discussed.

Genus Randallia Stimpson, 1857 Type species. Ilia ornata Randall, 1840 [Type locality: Upper California]. Remarks. The genus Randallia is essentially amphi-American in distribution, with the exception of Randallia gilberti (Rathbun, 1906) (Hawaii) and Randallia granulata Miers, 1886 (Fiji Islands). Randallia curacaoensis Rathbun, 1922 and R. laevis (Borradaile, 1916) are the only Atlantic species., Published as part of In, First Published, 2022, Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 5146 on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5146.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7626155, {"references":["Stimpson, W. (1857) Prodromus descriptionis animalium evertebratorum in expeditione ad Oceanum Pacificum Septentrionalem missa, Cadwaladaro Ringgold et Johanne Rodgers ducibus, observatorum et descriptorum. Pars III. Crustacea Maiodidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 9, 216 - 221 [23 - 28]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51447","Randall, J. W. (1840) Catalogue of the Crustacea brought by Thomas Nuttall and J. K. Townsend, from the west coast of North America and the Sandwich Islands, with description of such spe- cies as are apparently new, among which are included several species of different localities, previously existing in the collection of the Academy. Journal of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia,, 8 (1), 106 - 148, pls. 3 - 7. [1839 (1840)]","Rathbun, M. J. (1906) The Brachyura and Macrura of the Hawaiian Islands. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 829 - 930.","Miers, E. J. (1886) Report on the Brachyura collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. In: Murray, J. (Ed.), Zoology. In: Wyville, R. N., Thomson, C. & Murray, J. (Series Eds.), Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76 Under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R. N., F. R. S. and the Late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, 17, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 29.","Rathbun, M. J. (1922) New species of crabs from Curacao. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 35,103 - 104.","Borradaile, L. A. (1916) Crustacea. Part 1 - Decapoda. British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition. Natural History Reports, 3 (2), 75 - 110."]}

In, First Published (2022): Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean. Zootaxa 5146: 1-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5146.1.1

Randallia laevis (Borradaile, 1916) (Fig. 11A) Persephona (Myropsis) laevis Borradaile, 1916: 107 [Type locality: Trindade Island, Brazil]. Trindade specimens. Male holotype, cl 24 mm (not examined). Type in the Natural History Museum, in London (catalog number: 1917.1.29.166). Comparative material examined. Randalia laevis is only known from the holotype. Distribution. So far only known from Trindade Island. Ecological notes. Unknown. Remarks. The only known specimen of Randallia laevis (Fig. 11A), caught during the British Antarctic (“Terra Nova”) Expedition, 1910, was found “Placed in a bottom with Johngarthia lagostoma (as Gecarcinus) from South Trindade Island, and therefore probably taken near the island. Its condition somewhat suggests its having been picked up dead on the shore.” (Borradaile 1916)., Published as part of In, First Published, 2022, Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 5146 on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5146.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7626155, {"references":["Borradaile, L. A. (1916) Crustacea. Part 1 - Decapoda. British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition. Natural History Reports, 3 (2), 75 - 110."]}

��� Ebalia ��� cf. hungarica M��ller, 1974 (Fig. 4F, G) ��� Ebalia ��� cf. hungarica M��ller, 1974a: 121, 126, pl. 1, figs 5-7. ��� Ebalia ��� hungarica ��� M��ller 1984: 70, pl. 44, fig. 5, pl. 45, figs 1-5. ��� Hyžn�� & Dulai 2021: 171, figs 64.1-9. MATERIAL EXAMINED AND MEASUREMENTS (in mm). ��� One small carapace almost complete, with preserved cuticle, ULB-IV-A (7): L = 8.5; W = 7.5. LOCALITY AND HORIZON. ��� ���Blandinerie��� quarry, Breil (Maine-et-Loire). ���Savignean facies���, Langhian (middle Miocene). DESCRIPTION Carapace small, subhexagonal slightly elongate, longer than wide, strongly convex longitudinally and transversely; regions strongly swollen, axially more elevated, well separated by grooves; whole carapace surface uniformly covered by close minute perliform granules. Front broken, but appears to be narrow and produced. Orbits not completely preserved, only the right orbit partially preserved, very close to the front; supraorbital margin raised, with medial tooth, separated from outer orbital corner by a closed fissure; outer orbital corner subtriangular in dorsal view; infraorbital margin visible in dorsal view, bearing a subtriangular distal tooth separated from the corner by a fissure. Anterolateral margin with prominent hepatic lobe. Posterolateral margin convex, rounded in section. A groove notching the margin separates both margins. Posterior margin short, appears to be bilobate, albeit only the right lobe in preserved. Meso-, meta-, and urogastric regions elevated, weakly differentiated. Protogastric lobes inflated, with central tubercle. Cardiac region rounded strongly raised. Intestinal region very short, depressed. Hepatic lobes strongly inflated. Branchial regions swollen, undifferentiated, with one central tubercle. REMARKS This small carapace fits largely with the diagnosis and figures of ��� Ebalia��� hungarica (see M��ller 1974a: 121, 126, pl. 1, figs 1-5; 1984: 70, pl. 44, fig. 5, pl. 45, figs 1-5), in particular with the holotype. However, the French form appears to be more rounded and vaulted. A close examination of the type series, and additional material from the ���Faluns���, would be necessary to stablish the conspecificity of both forms, and also to review the generic attribution of this species. Meanwhile, we place the ���Faluns��� specimen tentatively as ��� Ebalia ��� cf. hungarica., Published as part of Oss��, ��lex, Gagnaison, Cyril & Gain, Olivier, 2022, A re-appraisal of the middle-late Miocene fossil decapod crustaceans of the ' Faluns' (Anjou-Touraine, France), pp. 207-228 in Geodiversitas 44 (6) on pages 214-216, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a6, http://zenodo.org/record/6079765, {"references":["MULLER P. 1974 a. - Decapoda (Crustacea) fauna a budapesti miocenbol 1. (Les faunes de Crustaces Decapodes des calcaires miocenes de Budapest.). Foldtani kozlony 104 (1): 119 - 132.","MULLER P. 1984. - Decapod Crustacea of the Badenian. Geologica Hungarica, Series Palaeontologica 42: 25 - 317.","HYZNY M. & DULAI A. 2021. - Badenian Decapods of Hungary. GeoLitera Publishing House, Institute of Geosciences, University of Szeged, Hungary, 296 p.","MEYER H. VON 1843. - Briefwechel Mittheilungen an der Geheimenrath v. Leonhard gerichtet. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie 1843: 570 - 590. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36300120","GUINOT D., DE ANGELI A. & GARASSINO A. 2007 a. - Discovery of the oldest eubrachyuran crab from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Normandy (France), in GARASSINO A., FELDMANN R. M. & TERUZZI G. (eds), 3 rd Symposium on Mesozoic and Cenozoic decapod crustaceans. Museo di Storia Naturale du Milano, May 23 - 25, 2007. Memorie della Societa italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Milano 35 (2): 53 - 55.","MILLET DE LA TURTAUDIERE P. A. 1865. - Paleontographie ou Description des fossiles nouveaux du terrain tertiaire marin ou terrain miocene superieur du departement de Maine-et-Loire (Supplement). Indicateur de Maine et Loire. Cosnier et Lachese, Angers, vol. 2, 616 p."]}

Ossó, Àlex, Gagnaison, Cyril, Gain, Olivier (2022): A re-appraisal of the middle-late Miocene fossil decapod crustaceans of the 'Faluns' (Anjou-Touraine, France). Geodiversitas 44 (6): 207-228, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a6

Genus Alcolyra n. gen. Type species. Philyra alcocki Kemp, 1915 by present designation. Gender of genus. Feminine Diagnosis. Carapace suborbicular, slightly longer than broad; dorsal surface convex, minutely granulated, covered with scattered punctae, regions relatively distinct; gastric, cardiac, branchial, intestinal regions elevated with patches of granules (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D). Front anterior margin almost straight with single median tooth projecting beyond visible margin of epistome, epistome and anterior boundaries of pterygostomian regions not projecting beyond the edge of front (1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, 3D). Median ridge faint, undulating posteriorly, running from frontal region posteriorly merging with elevated intestinal region (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, 3D). Hepatic region excavated forming broad shallow depression, upper and lower margins lined with small rounded granules, not merging anteriorly, posteriorly, depression joining anterolateral margin as well-marked obtuse angle (Figs.1A, B, D, 2A, B, D, 3A, 3D). Branchial region with 2 rows of tubercles. Anterolateral, posterolateral and posterior carapace margins granulated (Figs. 1B, 2B, 3A, 3D). Posterior carapace margin concave with broadly triangular blunt teeth on lateral sides (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, 3D). Third maxilliped with surfaces granular; ischium longer than wide, longer than merus; exopod elongated, expanded, outer margin convex (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B). Adult cheliped not prominently elongate or swollen; surfaces minutely granular; merus cylindrical, cutting edges of fingers with narrow gape (Figs. 1A, 2A). Ambulatory legs slender, smooth (Figs. 1F, 2F). Male thoracic sternite 8 visible when pleon closed, between margins of pleonal somites 2 and 3; sternites covered with scattered punctae; outer lateral margin of sternite 4 swollen forming longitudinal ridge on either side in adults; sternite 5 with large tubercle near inner lateral margin on each side of sternopleonal cavity, adjacent to base of first ambulatory leg; sternopleonal cavity deep; reaching to mid distance between fused thoracic sternites 1–3 (Figs. 1E, 2E). Male pleon narrow; somites 1 and 2 free; somite 1 longitudinally narrow; somite 2 yoke-like, reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory leg, somites 3–5 fused, surface with scattered punctae, unarmed; somite 6 longer than broad, free, surface unarmed, base broader than distal end of preceding somite; telson triangular, longer than wide, with rounded apex (Figs. 1E, 2E, 5A). G1 long, slender, tip with short setae, apical process spatuliform (Figs. 5C–F). Female pleon longitudinally ovate, somites 1 and 2 free, somites 3–6 completely fused to form domed plate; vulvae large, obliquely ovate, on anterior part of sternite 6, without sternal vulvar cover (Figs. 3B, E). Etymology. The genus is named in honour of Alfred William Alcock for his valuable contribution in taxonomy brachyuran crabs of Indian Ocean, in arbitrary combination with the suffix of the genus name Philyra. Remarks. According to the revision of Philyra Leach, 1817 by Galil (2009), Alcolyra n. gen. falls into the second group of genera in which first two male pleonal somites are free (Figs. 4B, D). This second group contains genera like Philyra s. str., Afrophila Galil, 2009, Atlantolocia Galil, 2009, Ryphila Galil, 2009 and Ovilyra Ng, 2021. However, Alcolyra n. gen. can be distinguished from these genera in having two tuberculated rows on branchial region of carapace (Figs. 1B, 2B) and presence of tubercle on either side near the inner lateral margin of somite 5 of sternum of males (Figs. 1E, 2E). Alcolyra n. gen. varies from Philyra s. str. in having following characters: carapace suborbicular (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B) (versus pyriform in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); clear hepatic facet (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B, 6A–C) (versus no clear hepatic facet in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); branchial regions with two tuberculated rows (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus branchial region smooth in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); front with median tooth (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus no median tooth in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); surface of cheliped merus minutely granular (Figs. 1A, 2A) (versus with large granules present near proximal margin in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Figs. 1A, B); male thoracic sternite 5 with tubercle on each side of sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E) (versus tubercle absent in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1B); pleonal somites 3–5 fused (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A) (versus somites 3–6 fused in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1B); male pleonal somite 6 with a proportionately wider proximal margin (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A) (versus with margin more narrow in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1B); and the G1 apical process is spatuliform (Fig. 5C–F) (versus G1 with alate apical process in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 2A). Alcolyra n. gen. differs from Afrophila Galil, 2009 in having following characters: carapace suborbicular (versus subovate in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A); branchial regions with two tuberculated rows (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B) (versus branchial region smooth in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A); front with median tooth (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus no median tooth in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A); adult cheliped merus slender (Figs. 1B, 2B)(versus swollen in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A, B); male thoracic sternite 5 with tubercle on each side of sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus no tubercle present in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4B); pleonal somites 3–5 narrow (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A)(versus very broad in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4B); and G1 straight with a spatuliform apical process (Fig. 5C–G)(versus G1 arched distally with rounded apical process in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 2C). Alcolyra n. gen. differs from Atlantolocia Galil, 2009 in having following characters: carapace suborbicular (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B) (versus subpentagonal in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A); branchial regions with two tuberculated rows (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus branchial region smooth in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A); front with median tooth (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus no median tooth in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A); surface of cheliped merus minutely granular (Figs. 1A, 2A)(versus large granules present near proximal margin in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A, B); male thoracic sternite 5 with tubercle on each side of sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus no tubercle present in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5B); pleonal somites 3–5 fused (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A)(versus somites 3–6 fused in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5B); pleonal somite 6 narrow with almost straight lateral margins (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A)(versus very broad with convex lateral margins in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5B); and the G1 shaft is straight with the apical process spatuliform (Fig. 5C–F)(versus G1 coiled twice and distally digitate in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 2D). Alcolyra n. gen. differs from Ovilyra Ng, 2021 in that the carapace is only slightly longer than wide (CL/ CW= 1.07–1.1) (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus carapace prominently longer than wide (CL/CW= 1.17–1.26) in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1A, B); the carapace is suborbicular (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus subovate in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the carapace surface is distinctly punctate (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus less so in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the branchial regions have two tuberculated rows (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus with single granulated row in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the lower margin of the hepatic facet lower margin lacks a tooth (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus with broad tooth present on distal one-third in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the posterior margin of carapace is concave (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus almost straight in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the adult male chelipeds are slender (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, D)(versus robust in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1A, 2A); the pollex cutting edge has small teeth of similar sizes (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, D)(versus with large subproximal lobe present followed by small teeth of similar sizesin Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 2A); the thoracic sternum is proportionately much wider (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus proportionately narrow in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); male thoracic sternite 5 has a prominent tubercle on each side of the sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus without tubercle in Ovilyra Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); male pleonal somites 3–5 are fused (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, 5A)(versus somites 3–6 fused in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); pleonal somite 3 is relatively much wider (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, 5A)(versus only slightly wider in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); and the G1 is slender and straight (Fig. 5C–F) (versus distal quarter sharply bent backwards 120–150° from the longitudinal axis in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 6A, E). Of the 27 species of Philyra sensu lato left untreated by Galil (2009), five species were described from India, including P. alcocki. The first author is revising the taxonomy of Philyra sexangula Alcock, 1896 which together with a new species as well as P. nishihirai Takeda & Nakasone, 1991 and P. taekoae Takeda, 1972 from the western Pacific, will be placed in a new genus (Trivedi et al., in review). Philyra sagittifera (Alcock, 1896) will also need to be transferred to a new genus along with P. concinnus Ghani & Tirmizi, 1955 from Pakistan (Trivedi et al., in preparation). The generic positions of two more species, P. corrallicola Alcock, 1896 and P. malefactrix (Kemp, 1915) are now under study.

Genus Alcolyra n. gen. Type species. Philyra alcocki Kemp, 1915 by present designation. Gender of genus. Feminine Diagnosis. Carapace suborbicular, slightly longer than broad; dorsal surface convex, minutely granulated, covered with scattered punctae, regions relatively distinct; gastric, cardiac, branchial, intestinal regions elevated with patches of granules (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D). Front anterior margin almost straight with single median tooth projecting beyond visible margin of epistome, epistome and anterior boundaries of pterygostomian regions not projecting beyond the edge of front (1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, 3D). Median ridge faint, undulating posteriorly, running from frontal region posteriorly merging with elevated intestinal region (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, 3D). Hepatic region excavated forming broad shallow depression, upper and lower margins lined with small rounded granules, not merging anteriorly, posteriorly, depression joining anterolateral margin as well-marked obtuse angle (Figs.1A, B, D, 2A, B, D, 3A, 3D). Branchial region with 2 rows of tubercles. Anterolateral, posterolateral and posterior carapace margins granulated (Figs. 1B, 2B, 3A, 3D). Posterior carapace margin concave with broadly triangular blunt teeth on lateral sides (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, 3D). Third maxilliped with surfaces granular; ischium longer than wide, longer than merus; exopod elongated, expanded, outer margin convex (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B). Adult cheliped not prominently elongate or swollen; surfaces minutely granular; merus cylindrical, cutting edges of fingers with narrow gape (Figs. 1A, 2A). Ambulatory legs slender, smooth (Figs. 1F, 2F). Male thoracic sternite 8 visible when pleon closed, between margins of pleonal somites 2 and 3; sternites covered with scattered punctae; outer lateral margin of sternite 4 swollen forming longitudinal ridge on either side in adults; sternite 5 with large tubercle near inner lateral margin on each side of sternopleonal cavity, adjacent to base of first ambulatory leg; sternopleonal cavity deep; reaching to mid distance between fused thoracic sternites 1���3 (Figs. 1E, 2E). Male pleon narrow; somites 1 and 2 free; somite 1 longitudinally narrow; somite 2 yoke-like, reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory leg, somites 3���5 fused, surface with scattered punctae, unarmed; somite 6 longer than broad, free, surface unarmed, base broader than distal end of preceding somite; telson triangular, longer than wide, with rounded apex (Figs. 1E, 2E, 5A). G1 long, slender, tip with short setae, apical process spatuliform (Figs. 5C���F). Female pleon longitudinally ovate, somites 1 and 2 free, somites 3���6 completely fused to form domed plate; vulvae large, obliquely ovate, on anterior part of sternite 6, without sternal vulvar cover (Figs. 3B, E). Etymology. The genus is named in honour of Alfred William Alcock for his valuable contribution in taxonomy brachyuran crabs of Indian Ocean, in arbitrary combination with the suffix of the genus name Philyra. Remarks. According to the revision of Philyra Leach, 1817 by Galil (2009), Alcolyra n. gen. falls into the second group of genera in which first two male pleonal somites are free (Figs. 4B, D). This second group contains genera like Philyra s. str., Afrophila Galil, 2009, Atlantolocia Galil, 2009, Ryphila Galil, 2009 and Ovilyra Ng, 2021. However, Alcolyra n. gen. can be distinguished from these genera in having two tuberculated rows on branchial region of carapace (Figs. 1B, 2B) and presence of tubercle on either side near the inner lateral margin of somite 5 of sternum of males (Figs. 1E, 2E). Alcolyra n. gen. varies from Philyra s. str. in having following characters: carapace suborbicular (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B) (versus pyriform in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); clear hepatic facet (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B, 6A���C) (versus no clear hepatic facet in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); branchial regions with two tuberculated rows (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus branchial region smooth in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); front with median tooth (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus no median tooth in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1A); surface of cheliped merus minutely granular (Figs. 1A, 2A) (versus with large granules present near proximal margin in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Figs. 1A, B); male thoracic sternite 5 with tubercle on each side of sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E) (versus tubercle absent in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1B); pleonal somites 3���5 fused (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A) (versus somites 3���6 fused in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1B); male pleonal somite 6 with a proportionately wider proximal margin (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A) (versus with margin more narrow in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 1B); and the G1 apical process is spatuliform (Fig. 5C���F) (versus G1 with alate apical process in Philyra s. str., Galil 2009; Fig. 2A). Alcolyra n. gen. differs from Afrophila Galil, 2009 in having following characters: carapace suborbicular (versus subovate in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A); branchial regions with two tuberculated rows (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B) (versus branchial region smooth in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A); front with median tooth (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus no median tooth in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A); adult cheliped merus slender (Figs. 1B, 2B)(versus swollen in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4A, B); male thoracic sternite 5 with tubercle on each side of sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus no tubercle present in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4B); pleonal somites 3���5 narrow (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A)(versus very broad in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 4B); and G1 straight with a spatuliform apical process (Fig. 5C���G)(versus G1 arched distally with rounded apical process in Afrophila, Galil 2009; Fig. 2C). Alcolyra n. gen. differs from Atlantolocia Galil, 2009 in having following characters: carapace suborbicular (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B) (versus subpentagonal in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A); branchial regions with two tuberculated rows (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus branchial region smooth in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A); front with median tooth (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B)(versus no median tooth in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A); surface of cheliped merus minutely granular (Figs. 1A, 2A)(versus large granules present near proximal margin in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5A, B); male thoracic sternite 5 with tubercle on each side of sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus no tubercle present in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5B); pleonal somites 3���5 fused (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A)(versus somites 3���6 fused in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5B); pleonal somite 6 narrow with almost straight lateral margins (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C, 5A)(versus very broad with convex lateral margins in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 5B); and the G1 shaft is straight with the apical process spatuliform (Fig. 5C���F)(versus G1 coiled twice and distally digitate in Atlantolocia, Galil 2009; Fig. 2D). Alcolyra n. gen. differs from Ovilyra Ng, 2021 in that the carapace is only slightly longer than wide (CL/ CW= 1.07���1.1) (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus carapace prominently longer than wide (CL/CW= 1.17���1.26) in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1A, B); the carapace is suborbicular (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus subovate in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the carapace surface is distinctly punctate (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus less so in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the branchial regions have two tuberculated rows (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus with single granulated row in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the lower margin of the hepatic facet lower margin lacks a tooth (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus with broad tooth present on distal one-third in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the posterior margin of carapace is concave (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A, D)(versus almost straight in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 1A, B); the adult male chelipeds are slender (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, D)(versus robust in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1A, 2A); the pollex cutting edge has small teeth of similar sizes (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, D)(versus with large subproximal lobe present followed by small teeth of similar sizesin Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 2A); the thoracic sternum is proportionately much wider (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus proportionately narrow in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); male thoracic sternite 5 has a prominent tubercle on each side of the sternopleonal cavity (Figs. 1E, 2E)(versus without tubercle in Ovilyra Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); male pleonal somites 3���5 are fused (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, 5A)(versus somites 3���6 fused in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); pleonal somite 3 is relatively much wider (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, 5A)(versus only slightly wider in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Figs. 1E, 2E); and the G1 is slender and straight (Fig. 5C���F) (versus distal quarter sharply bent backwards 120���150�� from the longitudinal axis in Ovilyra, Ng 2021; Fig. 6A, E). Of the 27 species of Philyra sensu lato left untreated by Galil (2009), five species were described from India, including P. alcocki. The first author is revising the taxonomy of Philyra sexangula Alcock, 1896 which together with a new species as well as P. nishihirai Takeda & Nakasone, 1991 and P. taekoae Takeda, 1972 from the western Pacific, will be placed in a new genus (Trivedi et al., in review). Philyra sagittifera (Alcock, 1896) will also need to be transferred to a new genus along with P. concinnus Ghani & Tirmizi, 1955 from Pakistan (Trivedi et al., in preparation). The generic positions of two more species, P. corrallicola Alcock, 1896 and P. malefactrix (Kemp, 1915) are now under study., Published as part of Trivedi, Jigneshkumar N., Mitra, Santanu & Ng, Peter K. L., 2022, Alcolyra, a new genus of leucosiid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from India, pp. 383-392 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on pages 384-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/5843721, {"references":["Kemp, S. (1915) Fauna of the Chilka Lake. No. 3. Crustacea Decapoda. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 5, pp. 199 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10414","Galil, B. S. (2009) An examination of genus Philyra Leach, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Leucosiidae) with description of seven new genera and six new species. Zoosystema, 31 (2), 279 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2009 n 2 a 4","Ng, P. K. L. (2021) Ovilyra, a new genus of leucosiid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the West Pacific. Zootaxa, 4952 (2), 369 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4952.2.9","Takeda, M. & Nakasone, Y. (1991) Three leucosiid crabs of genus Philyra from Okinawa, the Ryukyu Islands, with description of a new species. Bulletin of National Science Museum, Series A, Zoology, 17, 19 - 24."]}

Alcolyra alcocki (Kemp, 1915) n. comb. (Figs. 1���5) Philyra alcocki Kemp 1915: 212, pl. 12 fig. 2, text figure 2, 3; Takeda & Nakasone 1991:23 (in discussion); Deb 1995: 349; Mohapatra et al. 2007: 247 (in list); Dev Roy & Nandi 2008: 498 (in list); Ng et al. 2008: 93 (in list); Sahoo et al. 2008: 178 (in list); Galil 2009: 281 (in list); Mahapatro et al. 2015: 9 (in list); Dev Roy 2017: 209 (in list): Dev Roy & Rath 2017: 93 (in list); Trivedi et al. 2018: 49 (in list): Ng 2021: 370 (in discussion) Material examined. Types: Lectotype (herein selected), male (CL 12.5 mm; CW 11.9 mm) (ZSI. C8944 /10), sandy or muddy bottom, 1.5 to 3 m, Chilika Lake, Odisha state, India, coll. S. Kemp. Paralectotype, female (CL 13.3 mm; CW 11.6 mm)(ZSI. C8944 /10), same data as lectotype. Others: 2 males (CL 12.7 mm; 12.1 CW mm; 12.4 CL mm;11.7 CW mm) (ZSI. C7734 /2), sandy bottom, 1.5 to 2 m, Kapuda Ghat, Chilika Lake, Odisha state, India, 4 February, 2016, coll. S. Mitra; 1 male (CL 12.0 mm; CW 11.0 mm), 1 female (CL 15.3 mm; CW 13.7 mm) (LFSC. ZRC- 69), muddy bottom, 1.5 to 2 m, Chilika Lake, Odisha state, India, 1 March, 2020, coll. K. Patel. Description. Males: Carapace suborbicular, slightly longer than broad. Dorsal surface convex,covered with punctae, regions relatively distinct; cardiac, branchial, intestinal regions elevated, median ridge relatively faint, extending from frontal region and merging with elevated intestinal region; protogastric region depressed, less punctate (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B); cardio-gastric region separated from branchial region on both sides by shallow depression; intestinal and cardiac regions with patch of tubercles, more strongly developed in males (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B); branchial region with 2 tuberculated ridges originating from posterolateral margin, longitudinal anteriorly, oblique posteriorly, posterior branchial ridge merging anterior branchial ridge longitudinally (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B); hepatic region excavated, forming broad shallow depression margins not merging anteriorly, extended till outer limit of orbit, posteriorly joins anterolateral margin at well-marked obtuse angle, floor of depression smooth with scattered punctae, lower margins of the depression finely beaded, strongly convex inferiorly (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Anterolateral, posterolateral, posterior margins beaded; epibranchial angle obtuse; posterolateral margin sinuous, convex (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Front anterior margin almost straight with single median tooth projecting beyond visible margin of epistome, small notch on margin of epistome beneath eye (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Posterior margin concave in male, broadly triangular blunt teeth on lateral sides (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Third maxilliped surface with numerous punctae; merus 0.9 times as long as ischium along inner margin; ischium 1.8 times longer than wide (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B); propodus and dactylus not visible in external view when reposed, articulating on inner surface of merus, dactylus apex with long setae (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B). Exopod outer margin convex, much longer than wide, almost twice length of merus, outer and inner margins of ischium, merus and exopod with fringe of setae (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B). Chelipeds equal, about 1.5 times length of carapace length, surface minutely granulated (Figs. 1A, 2A). Merus cylindrical, symmetrical along length, surfaces minutely granulate. Carpus smooth, unarmed. Chela stout, surfaces smooth (Figs. 1A, 2A); palm longer than broad, dorsoventrally compressed; fingers almost as long as palm, terminating in sharp tooth, outer margins with scattered setae, dactylus inner surface with single longitudinal groove, pollex with 2 longitudinal ridges on inner surface, cutting edges of fingers with blunt denticles with scattered setae (Figs. 1A, 2A). P2���P5 subcylindrical (Figs. 1A, 2A); total lengths decreasing from first to last pair, merus and carpus glabrous, unarmed; merus longest as compared to carpus, propodus and dactylus, upper and lower margins of propodus and dactylus covered with setae (Figs. 1A, F 2A, F). Thoracic sternum transversely broad, surface punctate; sternites 1���3 completely fused without trace of sutures (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C); sternite 3 separated from sternite 4 by shallow groove; sternites 4���7 progressively narrow; outer lateral margin of sternite 4 swollen forming longitudinal ridge on either side in adults, sternite 5 with large tubercle near inner lateral margin on either side opposite to base of first ambulatory leg; sternite 8 visible when pleon closed, between margins of pleonal somites 2 and 3; penis arising under constriction between sternites 7 and 8 (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C). Sternopleonal cavity deep; reaching to mid distance between fused thoracic sternites 1���3 (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C). Pleon narrow, long (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 1 longitudinally narrow, wide (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 2 yokelike, reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory leg (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 3���5 fused, forming elongated trapezoidal plate, shallow suture just visible between somite 3 and 4, surface sparsely punctate (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 6 longitudinally rectangular, free, surface unarmed, broad base with rounded posterolateral corners, posterior margin slightly concave medially (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); telson nearly twice longer than broad, triangular, with curved apex (Figs. 4A, C, 5A). G1 long, slender, tip with short setae, apical process spatuliform (Figs. 5C���F). G2 short, slender (Fig. 5G) Females: The female carapace is similar to that of males in appearance except for the straight posterior margin (Figs. 3A, D) and the adult chelipeds are proportionately shorter (Figs. 3A, D).The pleon is longitudinally ovate, with somites 1 and 2 free and somites 3���6 completely fused to form a domed plate that completely covers the thoracic sternum (Fig. 3B, E). The telson is triangular and mobile (Fig. 3B, E). The vulvae are large, obliquely ovate and positioned on the anterior part of sternite 6, without any sign of a sternal vulvar cover (Fig. 3C, F). Colour. The coloration of fresh specimen slightly varies from that given by Kemp (1915). The carapace is pale brown (pale French grey according to Kemp 1915) with irregular patches of purple red. The chelipeds are dark purple with fingers pale brown; the ambulatory legs are pale brown in colour, and the ventral surface of the cephalothorax is whitish. Distribution. So far, the species is only known from its type locality Chilika Lake located in Odisha state of India (Kemp 1915; Deb 1995; Mohapatra et al. 2007; Dev Roy and Nandi 2008; Sahoo et al. 2008; Mahapatro et al. 2015; Dev Roy 2017; Dev Roy and Rath 2017; Trivedi et al. 2018). Ecology. The type and fresh specimens were collected from the depth ranging from 5 to 10 feet with muddy or sandy bottom in Chilika Lake located in Odisha state of India. Remarks. Kemp (1915: 215) noted that he had a total of 16 specimens collected from various parts of Odisha state in India: Rambha to Barkul and Nalbano at Chilika Lake, and that ���the type specimens are registered under no. 8944/10��� (Kemp 1915: 216). No holotype was identified. In the ZSI, there are two specimens catalogued under this number, a male and a female, and as such, both are here regarded as syntypes. The whereabouts of the other 14 specimens is not known, but they should not be regarded as syntypes as they were not identified as such in the original paper. For taxonomic stability, the male syntype is here designated the lectotype of P. alcocki Kemp, 1915. The fresh specimens obtained in the present study agree well with the description and figures of Kemp (1915). They differ only slightly from the types in terms of having faint two tuberculated ridges present on the branchial region which are more prominent in types. With regards to the male pleon, Kemp (1915: 214) commented that ���The first segment is acutely produced on either side and, though it appears distinct, is in reality fused to the succeeding piece.��� We have examined the lectotype male and we confirm that the two somites are actually mobile and not fused, as in the fresh material., Published as part of Trivedi, Jigneshkumar N., Mitra, Santanu & Ng, Peter K. L., 2022, Alcolyra, a new genus of leucosiid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from India, pp. 383-392 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on pages 390-392, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/5843721, {"references":["Kemp, S. (1915) Fauna of the Chilka Lake. No. 3. Crustacea Decapoda. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 5, pp. 199 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10414","Takeda, M. & Nakasone, Y. (1991) Three leucosiid crabs of genus Philyra from Okinawa, the Ryukyu Islands, with description of a new species. Bulletin of National Science Museum, Series A, Zoology, 17, 19 - 24.","Deb, M. (1995) Crustacea: Brachyura. In: Director ZSI, Kolkata (Ed.), Fauna of Chilika Lake. Wetland Ecosystem Series. Vol. 1. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, pp. 345 - 366.","Mohapatra, A., Mohanty, R. K., Mohanty, S. K., Bhatta, K. S. & Das, N. R. (2007) Fisheries enhancement and biodiversity assessment of fish, prawn and mud crab in Chilika lagoon through hydrological intervention. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 15, 229 - 251. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11273 - 006 - 9025 - 3","Dev Roy, M. K. & Nandi, N. C. (2008) Brachyuran biodiversity of some selected brackish water lakes of India. In: Sengupta, M. & Dalwani, R. (Eds.), Proceedings of Taal 2007, The 12 th World Lake Conference, 2008, pp. 496 - 499.","Ng, P. K. L., Guinot, D. & Davie, P. J. F. (2008) Systema Brachyuorum Part 1. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 17, 1 - 286.","Sahoo, D., Panda, S., Guru, B. C. & Bhatta, K. S. (2008) A new record of Indo-Pacific crab Charybdis feriata (Linn., Brachyura: Portunidae) from Chilika Lagoon, Orissa, India. The Ecoscan, An International Quarterly Journal of Environmental, 2 (2), 177 - 179.","Galil, B. S. (2009) An examination of genus Philyra Leach, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Leucosiidae) with description of seven new genera and six new species. Zoosystema, 31 (2), 279 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2009 n 2 a 4","Mahapatro, D., Panigrahy, R. C., Panda, S. & Mishra, R. K. (2015) Checklist of intertidal benthic macrofauna of a brackish water coastal lagoon on east coast of India: The Chilika lake. International Journal of Marine Science, 5 (33), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.5376 / ijms. 2015.05.0033","Dev Roy, M. K. & Rath, S. (2017) An inventory of crustacean fauna from Odisha Coast, India. Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, 14 (1), 49 - 112.","Trivedi, J. N., Trivedi, D. J., Vachhrajani, K. D. & Ng, P. K. L. (2018) An annotated checklist of the marine brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of India. Zootaxa, 4502 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4502.1.1","Ng, P. K. L. (2021) Ovilyra, a new genus of leucosiid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the West Pacific. Zootaxa, 4952 (2), 369 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4952.2.9"]}

Alcolyra alcocki (Kemp, 1915) n. comb. (Figs. 1–5) Philyra alcocki Kemp 1915: 212, pl. 12 fig. 2, text figure 2, 3; Takeda & Nakasone 1991:23 (in discussion); Deb 1995: 349; Mohapatra et al. 2007: 247 (in list); Dev Roy & Nandi 2008: 498 (in list); Ng et al. 2008: 93 (in list); Sahoo et al. 2008: 178 (in list); Galil 2009: 281 (in list); Mahapatro et al. 2015: 9 (in list); Dev Roy 2017: 209 (in list): Dev Roy & Rath 2017: 93 (in list); Trivedi et al. 2018: 49 (in list): Ng 2021: 370 (in discussion) Material examined. Types: Lectotype (herein selected), male (CL 12.5 mm; CW 11.9 mm) (ZSI. C8944 /10), sandy or muddy bottom, 1.5 to 3 m, Chilika Lake, Odisha state, India, coll. S. Kemp. Paralectotype, female (CL 13.3 mm; CW 11.6 mm)(ZSI. C8944 /10), same data as lectotype. Others: 2 males (CL 12.7 mm; 12.1 CW mm; 12.4 CL mm;11.7 CW mm) (ZSI. C7734 /2), sandy bottom, 1.5 to 2 m, Kapuda Ghat, Chilika Lake, Odisha state, India, 4 February, 2016, coll. S. Mitra; 1 male (CL 12.0 mm; CW 11.0 mm), 1 female (CL 15.3 mm; CW 13.7 mm) (LFSC. ZRC- 69), muddy bottom, 1.5 to 2 m, Chilika Lake, Odisha state, India, 1 March, 2020, coll. K. Patel. Description. Males: Carapace suborbicular, slightly longer than broad. Dorsal surface convex,covered with punctae, regions relatively distinct; cardiac, branchial, intestinal regions elevated, median ridge relatively faint, extending from frontal region and merging with elevated intestinal region; protogastric region depressed, less punctate (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B); cardio-gastric region separated from branchial region on both sides by shallow depression; intestinal and cardiac regions with patch of tubercles, more strongly developed in males (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B); branchial region with 2 tuberculated ridges originating from posterolateral margin, longitudinal anteriorly, oblique posteriorly, posterior branchial ridge merging anterior branchial ridge longitudinally (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B); hepatic region excavated, forming broad shallow depression margins not merging anteriorly, extended till outer limit of orbit, posteriorly joins anterolateral margin at well-marked obtuse angle, floor of depression smooth with scattered punctae, lower margins of the depression finely beaded, strongly convex inferiorly (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Anterolateral, posterolateral, posterior margins beaded; epibranchial angle obtuse; posterolateral margin sinuous, convex (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Front anterior margin almost straight with single median tooth projecting beyond visible margin of epistome, small notch on margin of epistome beneath eye (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Posterior margin concave in male, broadly triangular blunt teeth on lateral sides (Figs.1A, B, 2A, B). Third maxilliped surface with numerous punctae; merus 0.9 times as long as ischium along inner margin; ischium 1.8 times longer than wide (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B); propodus and dactylus not visible in external view when reposed, articulating on inner surface of merus, dactylus apex with long setae (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B). Exopod outer margin convex, much longer than wide, almost twice length of merus, outer and inner margins of ischium, merus and exopod with fringe of setae (Figs. 1C, 2C, 5B). Chelipeds equal, about 1.5 times length of carapace length, surface minutely granulated (Figs. 1A, 2A). Merus cylindrical, symmetrical along length, surfaces minutely granulate. Carpus smooth, unarmed. Chela stout, surfaces smooth (Figs. 1A, 2A); palm longer than broad, dorsoventrally compressed; fingers almost as long as palm, terminating in sharp tooth, outer margins with scattered setae, dactylus inner surface with single longitudinal groove, pollex with 2 longitudinal ridges on inner surface, cutting edges of fingers with blunt denticles with scattered setae (Figs. 1A, 2A). P2–P5 subcylindrical (Figs. 1A, 2A); total lengths decreasing from first to last pair, merus and carpus glabrous, unarmed; merus longest as compared to carpus, propodus and dactylus, upper and lower margins of propodus and dactylus covered with setae (Figs. 1A, F 2A, F). Thoracic sternum transversely broad, surface punctate; sternites 1–3 completely fused without trace of sutures (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C); sternite 3 separated from sternite 4 by shallow groove; sternites 4–7 progressively narrow; outer lateral margin of sternite 4 swollen forming longitudinal ridge on either side in adults, sternite 5 with large tubercle near inner lateral margin on either side opposite to base of first ambulatory leg; sternite 8 visible when pleon closed, between margins of pleonal somites 2 and 3; penis arising under constriction between sternites 7 and 8 (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C). Sternopleonal cavity deep; reaching to mid distance between fused thoracic sternites 1–3 (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A, C). Pleon narrow, long (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 1 longitudinally narrow, wide (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 2 yokelike, reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory leg (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 3–5 fused, forming elongated trapezoidal plate, shallow suture just visible between somite 3 and 4, surface sparsely punctate (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); somite 6 longitudinally rectangular, free, surface unarmed, broad base with rounded posterolateral corners, posterior margin slightly concave medially (Figs. 4A, C, 5A); telson nearly twice longer than broad, triangular, with curved apex (Figs. 4A, C, 5A). G1 long, slender, tip with short setae, apical process spatuliform (Figs. 5C–F). G2 short, slender (Fig. 5G) Females: The female carapace is similar to that of males in appearance except for the straight posterior margin (Figs. 3A, D) and the adult chelipeds are proportionately shorter (Figs. 3A, D).The pleon is longitudinally ovate, with somites 1 and 2 free and somites 3–6 completely fused to form a domed plate that completely covers the thoracic sternum (Fig. 3B, E). The telson is triangular and mobile (Fig. 3B, E). The vulvae are large, obliquely ovate and positioned on the anterior part of sternite 6, without any sign of a sternal vulvar cover (Fig. 3C, F). Colour. The coloration of fresh specimen slightly varies from that given by Kemp (1915). The carapace is pale brown (pale French grey according to Kemp 1915) with irregular patches of purple red. The chelipeds are dark purple with fingers pale brown; the ambulatory legs are pale brown in colour, and the ventral surface of the cephalothorax is whitish. Distribution. So far, the species is only known from its type locality Chilika Lake located in Odisha state of India (Kemp 1915; Deb 1995; Mohapatra et al. 2007; Dev Roy and Nandi 2008; Sahoo et al. 2008; Mahapatro et al. 2015; Dev Roy 2017; Dev Roy and Rath 2017; Trivedi et al. 2018). Ecology. The type and fresh specimens were collected from the depth ranging from 5 to 10 feet with muddy or sandy bottom in Chilika Lake located in Odisha state of India. Remarks. Kemp (1915: 215) noted that he had a total of 16 specimens collected from various parts of Odisha state in India: Rambha to Barkul and Nalbano at Chilika Lake, and that “the type specimens are registered under no. 8944/10” (Kemp 1915: 216). No holotype was identified. In the ZSI, there are two specimens catalogued under this number, a male and a female, and as such, both are here regarded as syntypes. The whereabouts of the other 14 specimens is not known, but they should not be regarded as syntypes as they were not identified as such in the original paper. For taxonomic stability, the male syntype is here designated the lectotype of P. alcocki Kemp, 1915. The fresh specimens obtained in the present study agree well with the description and figures of Kemp (1915). They differ only slightly from the types in terms of having faint two tuberculated ridges present on the branchial region which are more prominent in types. With regards to the male pleon, Kemp (1915: 214) commented that “The first segment is acutely produced on either side and, though it appears distinct, is in reality fused to the succeeding piece.” We have examined the lectotype male and we confirm that the two somites are actually mobile and not fused, as in the fresh material.

Carcinoplax longimanus (De Haan, 1833) (Figure 8D,E) Material examined. M07, Stn. 106, 259m, ♀ 54.3×43.9 (IEO-CD-MZ07/1919); M08, Stn. 68, 244m, ♂ 59.2× 48mm; ♂ 58.5× 46.5mm; ♂ 66× 52.4mm; ♂ 55.2× 44.1mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1787); M08, Stn. 69, 277m, ♀ 44.2× 36.6mm; ♂ 65.4× 51.2mm; ♂ 67.5× 52.6mm; ♂ 52× 42mm; ♂ 49.2× 49mm; ♂ 54.8× 45.7mm; ♂ 50× 41.1mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1786); M08, Stn. 74, 336m, ♀ 52.4× 41.2mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1851), 16S (MZ 424935), COI (MZ 434781); M08, Stn. 75, 256m, ♀ 51.2× 41.2mm, ♀ 50.6× 40.9mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1826); M09, Stn. 83, 299m, ♂ 62× 47.7mm (IEO-CD-MZ09/1828); M09, Stn. 84, 254m, ♀ 51.2× 41.4mm (IEO-CD-MZ09/1829-1), COI (MZ 434782), ♂ 24.2× 18.1mm, ♂ 50.66× 40.2mm (IEO-CD-MZ09/1829-2), 16S (MZ 424936), COI (MZ 434783). Habitat and distribution. Wide distribution from South and East Africa to the western Pacific Ocean (Korea and Japan to Indonesia) from 6 to 377m depth (Castro 2013). In waters of Mozambique, it was cited between 66–377m (Emmerson 2016c) and between 80 and 120m (Sasaki 2019). It is a very abundant species in a wide depth range and quite common in the bycatch of shrimper trawl fisheries (Oh et al. 2009; Sobrino et al. pers. comm.). They are benthic crabs, which inhabits mud or sand bottoms where they build burrows (Castro 2007; Hsueh & Hung 2009; Kensley 1981; Ng 1998). Results and remarks. Our specimens agree well with the descriptions and figures by Castro (2007). We checked 19 specimens of C. longimanus collected in M07, M08 and M09 surveys, at depths between 244 and 336m. There is great size-related morphometric variability in this species. The antero-lateral teeth are polished over time and become smaller in relation to the specimen size with growing, in a way that the carapace edge seems to be unarmed in the biggest individuals. Moreover, there is also a certain sexual dimorphism, as the females and juvenile males have short chelipeds, while the chelipeds are exceptionally long in adult males (see Figure 8D), the merus and propodus being almost three times longer than in juveniles and females while the carpus remains practically the same length (see Figure 8E). These features were also illustrated by Yamashita (1965), Guinot (1989) and Ikeda (1998). Colouration observed. Specimens looked polished, the carapace being orange-brown, the chelipeds bright orange with the fingers, the spines and the knobs at the beginning of the propodus, bright white. The pereiopods were orange with the junction between merus-carpus and carpus-propodus white. Dactyli were brown, partly due to their dense tomentum. After preservation in ethanol or formalin, females and juveniles acquire a uniform bone colour, while the carapace of big males turns to brown. DNA barcode. The two 16S sequences obtained for specimens from M08 and M09 fit 100% with an incomplete sequence of C. longimanus of 406 bp (hypervariable parts deleted) from Taiwan (?) (NTOU B00091, Genbank code KJ132525) included in the study by Tsang et al. (2014). Respect to COI sequences, each specimen presents a different haplotype (differing in just one mutation). These sequences show a similarity between 98.89 and 99.21% with three unpublished (private) sequences of specimens of Carcinoplax longimanus (as C. longimana) from South Korea deposited in BOLD. However, they present a similarity of 84.4% with C. ischurodous (99 mutations) that underline the above-mentioned differences of this species with congeneric ones, supporting the possibility of a different genus for C. ischurodous. Superfamily LEUCOSIOIDEA Samouelle, 1819 Family LEUCOSIIDAE Samouelle, 1819 Leucosiidae is one of the most extensive family of crabs. It comprises three subfamilies, Cryptocneminae Stimpson, Ebaliinae Stimpson, and Leucosiinae Samouelle, with a total of 71 genera and 488 species (Davie et al, 2015a). They have similar shapes, usually small with rounded carapace, hence they are known as nut or pebble crabs (Poore 2004; Ward & Rainer 1988). According to Emmerson (2016b,c), ten species of Leucosiidae belonging to the three subfamilies have been cited in Mozambique waters, most of them in intertidal or shallow waters. This group has been intensively studied in recent years, with the description of new genera and species, and replacement of several species (Galil 2003a,b,c, 2005,b, 2006a,b, 2009; Galil & Ng 2010). Subfamily EBALIINAE Stimpson, 1871 Family LEUCOSIIDAE Samouelle, 1819 Leucosiidae is one of the most extensive family of crabs. It comprises three subfamilies, Cryptocneminae Stimpson, Ebaliinae Stimpson, and Leucosiinae Samouelle, with a total of 71 genera and 488 species (Davie et al, 2015a). They have similar shapes, usually small with rounded carapace, hence they are known as nut or pebble crabs (Poore 2004; Ward & Rainer 1988). According to Emmerson (2016b,c), ten species of Leucosiidae belonging to the three subfamilies have been cited in Mozambique waters, most of them in intertidal or shallow waters. This group has been intensively studied in recent years, with the description of new genera and species, and replacement of several species (Galil 2003a,b,c, 2005,b, 2006a,b, 2009; Galil & Ng 2010)., Published as part of Muñoz, Isabel, García-Isarch, Eva & Cuesta, Jose A., 2021, Annotated and updated checklist of marine crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Mozambique supported by morphological and molecular data from shelf and slope species of the " MOZAMBIQUE " surveys, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 5056 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5056.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5577887, {"references":["Haan, W. de (1833 - 1850) Crustacea. In: von Siebold, P. F. (Ed.). Fauna Japonica sive Descriptio Animalium, quae in Itinere per Japoniam, Jussu et Auspiciis Superiorum, qui Summum in India Batava Imperium Tenent, Suscepto, Annis 1823 - 1830 Collegit, Noitis, Observationibus et Adumbrationibus Illustravit. Lugduni-Batavorum, Leiden, pp. 1 - 243.","Castro, P. (2013) Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Brachyura: Crossotonotidae, Ethusidae, Euryplacidae, Goneplacidae, Latreilliidae, Palicidae, Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae) of the MAINBAZA, MIRIKI, and ATIMO VATAE expeditions to the Mozambique Channel and Madagascar. In: Ahyong, S. T., Chan, T. - Y., Corbari, L. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), Tropical Deep- Sea Benthos. Vol. 27. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (1993). Vol. 204. Publications Scientifiques du Museum Paris, Paris, pp. 437 - 466.","Emmerson, W. D. (2016 c). A guide to, and checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Vol. 3. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 711 pp.","Sasaki, J. (2019) The species list of Decapoda, Euphausiacea, and Stomatopoda, all of the world. Version 03 - 3.1. Local Independent Administrative Agency Hokkaido Research Organization, Resources Management and Enhancement Division, Abashiri Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Department, Hokkaido, 14644 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.13140 / RG. 2.2.22353.89446","Oh, Ch. - W., Kim, S. T., & Na, J. - H. (2009) Variations in species composition, biomass, and density in shrimp trawl bycatch across seasons and tidal phases in Southern Korean waters: Developing a fisheries risk management approach. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12 (2), 138 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.5657 / FAS. 2009.12.2.138","Castro, P. (2007) A reappraisal of the family Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) and revision of the subfamily Goneplacinae, with the description of 10 new genera and 18 new species. Zoosystema, 29 (4), 609 - 774.","Kensley, B. (1981) On the zoogeography of southern African Decapod Crustacea, with a distributional checklist of the species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 338, 1 - 64.","Ng, P. K. L. (1998) Crabs. In: Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (Eds.), Cephalopods, Crustaceans, Holothurians and Sharks. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 2. FAO species identification guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1045 - 1155.","Yamashita H. (1965) On the growth of the cheliped of Carcinoplax longimanus (de Haan). Researches on Crustacea, Tokyo, 2, 10 - 18. [in Japanese with English summary] https: // doi. org / 10.18353 / rcustacea. 2.0 _ 10","Guinot, D. (1989) Le genre Carcinoplax H. Milne Edwards, 1852 (Crustacea, Brachyura: Goneplacidae). In: Forest, J. (Ed.), Resultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 5. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Serie A. Vol. 144. Publications Scientifiques du Museum Paris, Paris, pp. 265 - 345.","Tsang, L. M., Schubart, C. D., Ahyong, S. T., Lai, J. C. Y., Au, E. Y. C., Chan, T. - Y., Ng, P. K. L. & Chu, K. H. (2014) Evolutionary history of true crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) and the origin of freshwater crabs. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 31, 1173 - 1187. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / molbev / msu 068","Samouelle, G. (1819) The entomologists' useful compendium; or an introduction to the knowledge of British Insects, comprising the best means of obtaining and preserving them, and a description of the apparatus generally used; together with the genera of Linne, and modern methods of arranging the Classes Crustacea, Myriapoda, spiders, mites and insects, from their affinities and structure, according to the views of Dr. Leach. Also an explanation of the terms used in entomology; a calendar of the times of appearance and usual situations of near 3,000 species of British Insects; with instructions for collecting and fitting up objects for the microscope. Thomas Boys, London, 496 pp.","Davie, P. J. F., Guinot, D. & Ng, P. K. L. (2015 a) Systematics and classification of Brachyura. In: Castro, P., Davie, P. J. F., Guinot, D., Schram, F. & Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Crustacea, 9 C (I), Decapoda: Brachyura. Part 2. Brill, Leiden and Boston, pp. 1049 - 1130. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004190832 _ 021","Poore, G. C. B. (2004) Marine Decapod Crustacea of southern Australia. A guide to identification. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 574 pp.","Ward, T. J. & Rainer, S. F. (1988) Decapod crustaceans of the North West Shelf, a tropical continental shelf of north-western Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 39, 751 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 9880751","Emmerson, W. D. (2016 b). A guide to, and checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Vol. 2. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 645 pp.","Galil, B. S. (2003 a) Contribution to the knowledge of Leucosiidae I. The identity of Leucosia craniolaris (Linnaeus, 1758), and redefinition of the genus Leucosia Weber, 1795 (Crustacea: Brachyura). Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (1 - 14), 181 - 191.","Galil, B. S. & Ng, P. K. L. (2010) On a collection of calappoid and leucosioid crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) from Vanuatu, with description of a new species of Leucosiidae. In: Castro, P., Davie, P. J. F., Ng, P. K. L. & Richer de Forges, B. (Eds.), Studies on Brachyura: a homage to Daniele Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs. Vol. 11. Brill, Leiden, pp. 139 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004170865. i- 366.87"]}

Tanaoa pustulosus (Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891) (Figure 8F) Material examined. M07, Stn. 4, 620m, ♂ 26.2× 26.6mm; ♂ 25.5× 25.5mm (IEO-CD-MZ07/1901); M07, Stn. 13, 630m, ♀ 36.8× 34.8mm (IEO-CD-MZ07/1913); M07, Stn. 40, 190m, ♀ ov. 39.4× 39.6mm (IEO-CD-MZ07/1899); M07, Stn. 70, 519m, ♀ ov. 41.5× 38.1mm (IEO-CD-MZ07/1894); M08, Stn. 4, 643m, ♂ 39.7× 37.7mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1778); M08, Stn. 6, 428m, ♂ 36.2× 35.6mm; (IEO-CD-MZ08/1811); M08, Stn. 45, 658m, ♀ 33× 33.8mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1917-1), 16S (MZ 424937); ♂ 37.6× 36.9mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1917-2), 16S (MZ 424938), COI (MZ 434784); M08, Stn. 65, 546m, ♀ 37.5× 38.7mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1776); M09, Stn. 33, 470m, ♀ 36× 34.8mm (IEO-CD-MZ09/1766); M09, Stn. 67, 625m, ♀ ov. 36× 36.6mm (IEO-CD-MZ09/1799-1), 16S (MZ 424939), COI (MZ 434785); ♂ 36.4× 36.6mm (IEO-CD-MZ09/1799-2), 16S (MZ 424940), COI (MZ 434786). Habitat and distribution. Tanaoa pustulosus is distributed along the IP (Fiji, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia, Philippines, Andaman Sea, Seychelles, Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Reunion, Mozambique Channel and East Africa), at 85–977m depth (Galil 2003c). Results and remarks. Our specimens agree well with the descriptions and illustrations included in the work of Galil (2003c), in which the genus Randallia Stimpson was redefined, and the new genus Tanaoa erected. Thirteen specimens of T. pustulosus, collected in the three surveys (M07, M08 and M09), at depths between 190 and 658m, were examined. These specimens are the first records of T. pustulosus in Mozambican waters. After our surveys, some specimens were collected in the MB-exp in 2009 (Chan & Ng, pers. comm. to Emmerson, 2016c). Colouration observed. The dorsal surface of the carapace was orange, with red tubercles on the gastric area and whitish tubercles on the cardiac and intestinal areas. Legs were pale pinkish-white. DNA barcodes. There are not 16S sequences available for this species in Genbank, and thus, the four sequences (two haplotypes, differing in one position) of the specimens from MZ08 and MZ09 are the first ones for this species. There is only one COI sequence deposited in BOLD (MDECA231-10), corresponding to a specimen of T. pustulosus collected in Mozambique, by the MB-exp in 2009 (date collection: 2009-04-09) deposited at the MNHN (MNHN-IU 200812672). The COI sequences of three specimens from MZ08 and MZ09 represent three different haplotypes (varying in one-two positions), fitting 99% with the BOLD sequence (varying in three to five positions). Subfamily LEUCOSIINAE Samouelle, 1819, Published as part of Muñoz, Isabel, García-Isarch, Eva & Cuesta, Jose A., 2021, Annotated and updated checklist of marine crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Mozambique supported by morphological and molecular data from shelf and slope species of the " MOZAMBIQUE " surveys, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 5056 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5056.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5577887, {"references":["Galil, B. S. (2003 c) Four new genera of leucosiid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) for three new species and nine species previously in the genus Randallia Stimpson, 1857, with a redescription of the type species, R. ornata (Randall, 1939). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 116 (2), 395 - 422.","Emmerson, W. D. (2016 c). A guide to, and checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Vol. 3. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 711 pp.","Samouelle, G. (1819) The entomologists' useful compendium; or an introduction to the knowledge of British Insects, comprising the best means of obtaining and preserving them, and a description of the apparatus generally used; together with the genera of Linne, and modern methods of arranging the Classes Crustacea, Myriapoda, spiders, mites and insects, from their affinities and structure, according to the views of Dr. Leach. Also an explanation of the terms used in entomology; a calendar of the times of appearance and usual situations of near 3,000 species of British Insects; with instructions for collecting and fitting up objects for the microscope. Thomas Boys, London, 496 pp."]}

Family LEUCOSIIDAE Samouelle, 1819 Leucosiidae is one of the most extensive family of crabs. It comprises three subfamilies, Cryptocneminae Stimpson, Ebaliinae Stimpson, and Leucosiinae Samouelle, with a total of 71 genera and 488 species (Davie et al, 2015a). They have similar shapes, usually small with rounded carapace, hence they are known as nut or pebble crabs (Poore 2004; Ward & Rainer 1988). According to Emmerson (2016b,c), ten species of Leucosiidae belonging to the three subfamilies have been cited in Mozambique waters, most of them in intertidal or shallow waters. This group has been intensively studied in recent years, with the description of new genera and species, and replacement of several species (Galil 2003a,b,c, 2005,b, 2006a,b, 2009; Galil & Ng 2010)., Published as part of Muñoz, Isabel, García-Isarch, Eva & Cuesta, Jose A., 2021, Annotated and updated checklist of marine crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Mozambique supported by morphological and molecular data from shelf and slope species of the " MOZAMBIQUE " surveys, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 5056 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5056.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5577887, {"references":["Samouelle, G. (1819) The entomologists' useful compendium; or an introduction to the knowledge of British Insects, comprising the best means of obtaining and preserving them, and a description of the apparatus generally used; together with the genera of Linne, and modern methods of arranging the Classes Crustacea, Myriapoda, spiders, mites and insects, from their affinities and structure, according to the views of Dr. Leach. Also an explanation of the terms used in entomology; a calendar of the times of appearance and usual situations of near 3,000 species of British Insects; with instructions for collecting and fitting up objects for the microscope. Thomas Boys, London, 496 pp.","Davie, P. J. F., Guinot, D. & Ng, P. K. L. (2015 a) Systematics and classification of Brachyura. In: Castro, P., Davie, P. J. F., Guinot, D., Schram, F. & Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Crustacea, 9 C (I), Decapoda: Brachyura. Part 2. Brill, Leiden and Boston, pp. 1049 - 1130. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004190832 _ 021","Poore, G. C. B. (2004) Marine Decapod Crustacea of southern Australia. A guide to identification. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 574 pp.","Ward, T. J. & Rainer, S. F. (1988) Decapod crustaceans of the North West Shelf, a tropical continental shelf of north-western Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 39, 751 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 9880751","Emmerson, W. D. (2016 b). A guide to, and checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Vol. 2. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 645 pp.","Galil, B. S. (2003 a) Contribution to the knowledge of Leucosiidae I. The identity of Leucosia craniolaris (Linnaeus, 1758), and redefinition of the genus Leucosia Weber, 1795 (Crustacea: Brachyura). Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (1 - 14), 181 - 191.","Galil, B. S. & Ng, P. K. L. (2010) On a collection of calappoid and leucosioid crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) from Vanuatu, with description of a new species of Leucosiidae. In: Castro, P., Davie, P. J. F., Ng, P. K. L. & Richer de Forges, B. (Eds.), Studies on Brachyura: a homage to Daniele Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs. Vol. 11. Brill, Leiden, pp. 139 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004170865. i- 366.87"]}

Euclosiana exquisita (Galil, 2003) (Figure 8G) Material examined. M08, Stn. 18, 217m, ♀ 26.9× 28.4mm (IEO-CD-MZ08/1757), 16S (MZ 424941), COI (MZ 434787). Habitat and distribution. According to Galil (2003b), Euclosiana exquisita is known only from the typelocation, Madagascar, at 185–314m depth. Results and remarks. Only one female was collected in M08 at 217m depth. This specimen agrees well with the descriptions and figures by Galil (2003b). E. exquisita has not been reported in the area before and therefore our specimen is the first record of the species in Mozambican waters. After the MOZAMBIQUE surveys, some specimens were collected in the MB-exp in 2009 (MNHN Collection). Colouration observed. Carapace and chelipeds were reddish brown, with three bright orange circles on each gastric region, being the median circle the largest. The anterior third of carapace is coarsely pitted. There were two very pale and poorly marked circles on the cardiac region, and a couple of faint lines on the middle of the intestinal region that remain after preservation, none of them described by Galil (2003b). The granules of the chelipeds were white, and the legs with orange and white bands. The ventral side was white. After preservation in ethanol, the carapace and chelipeds turned to brown, and the circles and legs to bone colour. DNA barcodes. There are not 16S sequences available for this species in Genbank, being this the first one. There is only one COI sequence deposited in BOLD (MDECA 222-10), corresponding to one specimen identified as Leucosia sp. by Chan, that was collected in Mozambique by the MB-exp in 2009 (date collection: 2009-04-09), and deposited at the MNHN (MNHN-IU 200812661). The COI sequence of the female IEO-CD-MZ08/1757 fits 99.68% with the BOLD sequence (differing in two mutations). Therefore, the specimen MNHN-IU200812661 identified as Leucosia sp. must be considered to be Euclosiana exquisita. In Genbank there are sequences of 16S and COI for Euclosiana crosnieri, E. scitula, and E. unidentata, deposited by Shi et al. (2020). The distances with Euclosiana exquisita are the expected for congeneric species: 16S (98%, five mutations) and COI (94%, 35 mutations). However, the high divergence of E. crosnieri and E. scitula respect to E. unidentata (16S, 96.8%, 12 mutations - including three gaps - and COI, 87%, 86 mutations) suggests an intergeneric distance. It must be pointed out that E. crosnieri and E. scitula could be synonyms, as they present exactly the same 16S and COI sequences. Superfamily MAJOIDEA Samouelle, 1819 Family EPIALTIDAE MacLeay, 1838 According to Davie et al. (2015a), this large family includes 89 genera and 452 species. Four subfamilies are recognized, Epialtinae MacLeay, Pisinae Dana, Pliosomatinae Števčić, and Tychinae Dana (Ng et al 2008). They inhabit shallow waters, even intertidal (Emmerson 2016b,c).All the subfamilies except Pliosomatinae are represented in the study area Subfamily PISINAE Dana, 1851 Family EPIALTIDAE MacLeay, 1838 According to Davie et al. (2015a), this large family includes 89 genera and 452 species. Four subfamilies are recognized, Epialtinae MacLeay, Pisinae Dana, Pliosomatinae Števčić, and Tychinae Dana (Ng et al 2008). They inhabit shallow waters, even intertidal (Emmerson 2016b,c).All the subfamilies except Pliosomatinae are represented in the study area, Published as part of Muñoz, Isabel, García-Isarch, Eva & Cuesta, Jose A., 2021, Annotated and updated checklist of marine crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Mozambique supported by morphological and molecular data from shelf and slope species of the " MOZAMBIQUE " surveys, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 5056 (1) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5056.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5577887, {"references":["Galil, B. S. (2003 b) Contributions to the knowledge of Leucosiidae II. Euclosia gen. nov. (Crustacea: Brachyura). Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (15 - 36), 331 - 347.","Samouelle, G. (1819) The entomologists' useful compendium; or an introduction to the knowledge of British Insects, comprising the best means of obtaining and preserving them, and a description of the apparatus generally used; together with the genera of Linne, and modern methods of arranging the Classes Crustacea, Myriapoda, spiders, mites and insects, from their affinities and structure, according to the views of Dr. Leach. Also an explanation of the terms used in entomology; a calendar of the times of appearance and usual situations of near 3,000 species of British Insects; with instructions for collecting and fitting up objects for the microscope. Thomas Boys, London, 496 pp.","MacLeay, W. S. (1838) On the brachyurus Crustacea brought from the Cape by Dr Smith. In: Smith Elder & Co. (Eds.), Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa, 5, Invertebratae. Smith Elder & Co., London, pp. 53 - 71.","Davie, P. J. F., Guinot, D. & Ng, P. K. L. (2015 a) Systematics and classification of Brachyura. In: Castro, P., Davie, P. J. F., Guinot, D., Schram, F. & Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Crustacea, 9 C (I), Decapoda: Brachyura. Part 2. Brill, Leiden and Boston, pp. 1049 - 1130. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004190832 _ 021","Ng, P. K. L., Guinot, D. & Davie, P. J. F. (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 17, 1 - 286.","Emmerson, W. D. (2016 b). A guide to, and checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Vol. 2. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 645 pp.","Dana, J. D. (1851) Conspectus Crustaceorum, quae in orbis terrarum circumnavigatione, Carolo Wilkes e Classe Reipublicae Foederatae Duce, lexit et descripsit. Pars VI. The American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 2, 11 (32), 268 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53615"]}

The identities of two species of shallow water Southeast Asian and southern Chinese leucosiid crabs Philyra fuliginosa Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877, and P. olivacea Rathbun, 1909, are clarified; and shown to be synonyms. A new genus, Ovilyra, is established for P. fuliginosa, and it is easily distinguished from Philyra s. str. as well as allied genera by possessing an elongate carapace, a narrow and slender male pleon with somites 1 and 2 articulate, and a male first gonopod which has the distal quarter sharply bent with a well developed subdistal process.

Ovilyra n. gen. Type species. Philyra fuliginosa Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877, by present designation. Diagnosis. Carapace longitudinally ovate, distinctly longer than wide (length to width ratio 1.17���1.26); dorsal surface smooth, covered with minute to small granules and small depressions (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A���C); frontal region not produced anteriorly, with shallow median longitudinal depression; frontal margin granulated, with low median triangular tooth (Figs. 1B, 2B, 5D, E, 7A, D); hepatic facet well defined by rows of granules and cristae, elongate, distal part of lower margin prominently angular, with broad tooth on distal one-third (Figs. 1B, D, 2B, D, 4A); posterolateral margin demarcated from posterior margin by lobiform tooth (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A���C, 7A, D); third maxilliped exopod wider than basal part of endopod (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3E, 5A���C); endopod with basis-ischium longer than acutely triangular merus (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3E, 5A���C); cheliped merus subcylindrical, symmetrical along entire length, chela stout, pollex bent at angle of 45���60�� along longitudinal axis, cutting edge of pollex with broad, large subproximal tooth lined with denticles, that of dactylus with subproximal concavity lined with denticles (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A���C); P2���P5 slender, short, merus unarmed (Figs. 1A, F, 2A, F); male thoracic sternite 8 visible when pleon closed, between margins of somites 2 and 3 (Fig. 4B); sternopleonal cavity deep, reaching to mid-distance between fused thoracic sternites 1���3 (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A); male pleon narrow, with somites 1 and 2 free, somite 1 longitudinally narrow, somite 2 yoke-like, reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory leg (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4B, 5F, G), somites 3���6 fused, forming elongate trapezoidal plate, surface smooth, unarmed (Figs. 3D, 4B, 5F, G), somite 6 longitudinally subrectangular, free, surface unarmed (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 4A, 5F, G), telson triangular, longer than wide (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 4A, 5F, G); G1 elongate, slender, distal quarter sharply bent backwards 120���150�� from the longitudinal axis; with curved, tapering subdistal process, outer margin lined with 1 or 2 rows of 5���8 elongate spines, distal projection elongate, curved, hook-shape, reaches to, overlaps or overreaches shaft, opening distal (Fig. 6A���C, E���G, I���K); G2 short, ca. one-third length of straight part of G1, apex subspatuliform (Fig. 6D, H, L); female pleon longitudinally ovate, somites 1 and 2 free, somites 3���6 completely fused to form domed plate (Fig. 7B, E); vulvae large, obliquely ovate, on anterior part of sternite 6, without sternal vulvar cover (Fig. 7C, F). Etymology. The genus name is derived from the Latin ���ovalis��� for oval, in arbitrary combination with the suffix of the genus name Philyra. Gender feminine. Remarks. In Galil���s (2009) revision of Philyra Leach, 1817, the articulation of the first two male pleonal somites is a major generic character, separating Philyra s. str., Afrophila Galil, 2009, Atlantolocia Galil, 2009, and Ryphila Galil, 2009, from other genera. With regards to this character, Philyra fuliginosa Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877 (and its junior synonym, P. olivacea Rathbun, 1909, see below), clearly belongs with the species in this group of genera. Philyra fuliginosa can, however, be immediately distinguished by its carapace being distinctly longer than wide (length to width ratio 1.17���126); the others being all wider than long or at most subequal. The lobiform tooth present at the junction between the posterolateral and posterior carapace margins (Figs. 1B, 2B) is diagnostic for P. fuliginosa, a feature absent in the other genera (Galil 2009: figs. 1A, 4A, 5A, 22A; Galil & Ng 2015: fig. 9A, B). Afrophila and Ryphila have visible hepatic facets (Galil 2009: figs. 4A, 22A; Galil & Ng 2015: fig. 9A, B) but these are short compared to those in P. fuliginosa (Figs. 1B, D, 2B, D), and the ventral margins do not have a distal submedian lobe; Philyra and Atlantolocia have no clear hepatic facets (Galil 2009: figs. 1A, 5A). The cutting edge of the fingers of the chelae are distinctively structured in P. fuliginosa, with a subproximal lobe present on the pollex which fits into a concavity on the opposing cutting edge of the dactylus (Figs. 1A, 2A). Such a structure is present in Philyra (Galil 2009: fig. 1A), but absent or indistinct in the other three genera (Galil 2009: figs. 4A, 5A, 22A; Galil & Ng 2015: fig. 10A). The narrow and slender male pleon of P. fuliginosa (Fig. 5F, G) is very different from the proportionately more triangular structures of Philyra, Afrophila or Ryphila where somite 3 is proportionately wider (Galil 2009: figs. 1B, 4B, 22B), and in Atlantolocia, the pleon is wider and subrectangular in shape (Galil 2009: fig. 5B). The strongly bent distal quarter of the G1 with the presence of a long subdistal process is also a character unique to P. fuliginosa (Fig. 6A, E, I) and is not shared by these genera; all of which have straight or almost straight G1 structures (e.g., Galil 2009: figs. 2A���E, 21). In fact, none of the genera which have been previously associated with Philyra have such a strongly bent G1. As such, we here establish a new genus, Ovilyra, for Philyra fuliginosa. In describing Philyra alcocki from Lake Chilka in eastern India, Kemp (1915: 214, 215) commented that his species was closest to P. olivacea and to a lesser degree to P. fuliginosa. Although the carapace shape and features are superficially similar, P. alcocki is probably not congeneric with P. fuliginosa as its carapace is only slightly longer than wide, being almost round, the male thoracic sternum is proportionately much wider, male pleonal somites 1���5 are fused (although sutures between somites 1���3 are still visible) with somite 3 very wide, giving the male pleon a distinctly triangular shape (Kemp 1915: 214, fig. 2, pl. 12 fig. 2). In Ovilyra species, the carapace is longitudinally ovate and much longer than wide, the male thoracic sternum proportionately narrow and male pleonal somite 3 is only slightly wider than the other somites, with the male pleon not obviously triangular in shape. ��� Philyra ��� alcocki will need to be re-examined to ascertain its generic position. Ovilyra is monotypic for the time being., Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L., 2021, Ovilyra, a new genus of leucosiid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the West Pacific, pp. 369-380 in Zootaxa 4952 (2) on pages 370-371, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4952.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4674237, {"references":["Targioni-Tozzetti, A. (1877) Crostacei Brachyuri e Anomuri. Zoologia del viaggio intorno al Globo della R. Pirocorvetta Magenta durante gli anni 1865 - 1868. Pubblicazioni del R. Istituto di Studi superiori pratici e di Perfezionamento in Firenze, Sezione di Scienze fisiche e naturali, Successori le Monnier, Firenze, 1, i - xxix + 1 - 257 pp., pls. 1 - 12.","Galil, B. S. (2009) An examination of the genus Philyra Leach, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Leucosiidae) with descriptions of seven new genera and six new species. Zoosystema, 31 (2), 279 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2009 n 2 a 4","Leach, W. E. (1817) The Zoological Miscellany; being descriptions of new or interesting animals … illustrated with coloured figures engraved from original drawings by R. P. Nodder & c. Vol. 3: i-vii, 1 - 152, pls. 121 - 135, 135 B- 149. R. P. Nodder, London.","Rathbun, M. J. (1909) New crabs from the Gulf of Siam. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 22, 107 - 114.","Galil, B. S. & Ng, P. K. L. (2015) Leucosiid crabs from Papua New Guinea, with descriptions of eight new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa, 4027 (4), 451 - 486. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4027.4.1","Kemp, S. (1915) Crustacea Decapoda. Fauna of the Chilka Lake No. 3. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, 5 (3), 199 - 325, figs. 1 - 37, pls. 12, 13."]}

Ovilyra fuliginosa (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877) n. comb. (Figs. 1���7) Philyra sp. Targioni-Tozzetti 1872: 396. Philyra fuliginosa Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877: 201, pl. 12 fig. 3a���g; Ser��ne 1968: 46; Ng et al. 2008: 93; Galil 2009: 281. Philyra olivacea Rathbun, 1909: 108; Rathbun 1910: 312, fig. 4, p1. 11, fig. 17; Rathbun 1931: 99; Ser��ne 1968: 46; Dai et al. 1986: 81, fig. 42, pl. 10(3); Dai & Yang 1991: 91, fig. 42, pl. 10(3); Tan 1995: 469, figs. 3b, d; Chen & Sun 2002: 401, fig. 181; Ng et al. 2008: 93; Galil 2009: 281. Philyra aff. fuliginosa ��� Yang 1979: 5. Pseudophilyra olivacea ��� Shen & Dai 1964: 29, unnumbered fig. Material examined. 1 male (10.4 �� 12.2 mm), 1 female (8.5 �� 10.1 mm) (ZRC 2020.0345), station BLB, Jeram Polychaete Reef, intertidal muddy shore and intermittent sabellariid reefs, middle shore, Jeram, Kuala Selangor, West Malaysia, 3��13���27���N 101��18���13���E, coll. J. J. Eeo, 16 October 2012; 1 male (6.9 �� 8.7 mm) (ZRC 1970.8.8.7), Muar, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia, coll. M. W. F. Tweedie, October 1938; 1 male (11.0 �� 13.1 mm) (ZRC 2020.0363), Sungei Buloh, Kuala Selangor, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia, coll. 13 November 2011; 4 males (11.2 �� 14.0 mm, 12.3 �� 14.8 mm, 12.7 �� 15.8 mm, 13.3 �� 16.2 mm), 3 ovigerous females (9.3 �� 11.6 mm, 9.9 �� 11.8 mm, 10.4 �� 12.2 mm) (ZRC 2009.0217), off Changi, Singapore, coll. P. K. L. Ng, 17 April 1996; 1 male (6.8 �� 8.0 mm) (ZRC 2014.0176), Singapore River mouth, dredge, coll. Reef Ecology Study Team, 18 November 1987; 1 male (6.9 �� 8.1 mm) (ZRC 1990.8338), Kallang River basin, dredge, dredge, coll. Reef Ecology Study Team, 22 February 1989; 1 female (7.8 �� 9.3 mm) (ZRC 2001.2242), Kallang River basin, dredge, coll. Reef Ecology Study Team, 23 February 1989. Diagnosis. As for genus. Description of male. Carapace longitudinally ovate, distinctly longer than wide (length to width ratio 1.17��� 1.26); most regions indistinct, branchio-cardiac grooves just visible, cardiac region distinct, swollen; dorsal surface glabrous, covered with minute to small granules and small depressions; branchial region usually with oblique row of granules, sometimes undiscernible (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A���C). Frontal region not produced anteriorly, with shallow median longitudinal depression; frontal margin granulated, with low median triangular tooth (Figs. 1B, 2B, 5D, E). Antennules folding transversely. Antennae short, longitudinally inserted between antennular fossa and base of ocular peduncle. Orbits small, rounded, upper orbital margin entire. Eyes short, retractable (Figs. 1D, 2D). Anterior margin of efferent branchial channel strongly concave, not projecting beyond frontal margin, separated from crenulate efferent margin on subhepatic region by longitudinal groove. Hepatic facet well defined by rows of granules and cristae, elongate; distal part with low granules, almost reaching frontal margin; distal part of lower margin prominently angular, with broad tooth on distal one-third (Figs. 1B, D, 2B, D, 4A). Lateral and posterior margins of carapace irregularly granulated; posterolateral margin convex, usually demarcated from posterior margin by sharp lobiform tooth; posterior margin gently convex (Figs. 1A, B, 2A, B, 3A���C). Pterygostomial region granulated; subbranchial region almost smooth (Figs. 1D, 2D, 4A). Third maxilliped exopod wider than basal part of endopod, forming petaliform structure with strongly convex outer margin, with submarginal row of low to very low granules along inner margin (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3E, 5A���C); endopod with completely fused basis-ischium, distinctly longer than merus, with shallow submarginal sulcus near inner margin; merus acutely triangular with pointed tip, margins unevenly granulated; palp on inner surface, dactylus longest (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3E, 5A���C). Coxa prominent, forming curved plate (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3E, 4A, 5A���C). Chelipeds subequal, longer, more robust in adults; merus subcylindrical, symmetrical along entire length, surface minutely granulate, especially along margins; carpus smooth, unarmed (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A���C). Chela stout, surfaces smooth; fingers as long as or subequal to length of palm, pollex bent at angle of 45���60�� along longitudinal axis; cutting edge of pollex with broad, large subproximal tooth lined with denticles, rest of edge with small denticles; cutting edge of dactylus with subproximal concavity lined with denticles, rest of edge with small denticles (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A���C). First to fifth ambulatory legs slender, short; second and third legs longest, fourth leg shortest; merus distinctly longer than carpus and propodus, margins lined with small granules (more prominent on ventral margin); dactylus longer than propodus, lanceolate, terminating in cornute tips (Figs. 1A, F, 2A, F, 3A, B). Thoracic sternites transversely narrow, surface finely granulated (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 4A); sternites 1���3 completely fused without trace of sutures; sternite 3 separated from sternite 4 by shallow groove (Fig. 4A); exposed sternites 4���7 progressively narrower (Fig. 4A, B); sternite 8 visible when pleon closed, between margins of somites 2 and 3 (Fig. 4B). Penis arising under constriction between sternites 7 and 8. Sternopleonal cavity deep, reaching to mid-distance between fused thoracic sternites 1���3 (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4A); margin lined with granules, those on distal part proportionately larger (Fig. 4A); pleonal locking mechanism formed by small, low projection at distomarginal edge of sternite 5 (adjacent to sternite 4) with shallow depression. Pleon narrow, slender, long (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 5F, G); somite 1 longitudinally narrow, wide (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 4B, 5F, G); somite 2 yoke-like, reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory leg (Figs. 1E, 2E, 4B, 5F, G); somites 3���6 fused, forming elongate trapezoidal plate, very shallow suture just visible between somites 3 and 4, surface smooth (Figs. 3D, 4B, 5F, G); somite 6 longitudinally subrectangular, free, surface unarmed, lateral margins gently sinuous to gently convex (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 4A, 5F, G); telson triangular, longer than wide (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3D, 4A, 5F, G). G1 elongate, slender, shaft gradually tapering distally; distal quarter sharply bent backwards 120���150�� from the longitudinal axis; with curved, tapering subdistal process, outer margin lined with 1 or 2 rows of 5���8 spines; distal part elongate, curved, hook-shape, reaches to, overlaps or overreaches shaft, opening distal (Fig. 6A���C, E���G, I���K). G2 short, ca. one-third length of straight part of G1; apex elongate, subspatuliform (Fig. 6D, H, L). Females. The carapaces of the female specimens are similar to the males in all aspects, but the chelipeds are proportionately shorter (Fig. 7A, D). The female pleon is longitudinally ovate, with somites 1 and 2 free, somites 3���6 completely fused to form a domed plate that completely covers the thoracic sternum (Fig. 7B, E). The telson is triangular and mobile (Fig. 7B, E). The vulvae are large, obliquely ovate and positioned on the anterior part of sternite 6, without any sign of a sternal vulvar cover (Fig. 7C, F). Colour. Targioni-Tozzetti (1877: 203) described the fresh colours: ���Non ho che un solo maschio perfetto, e una femmina in istato di muta assai guasta; il primo �� colorato in giallastro e coperto come di una patina bruno fuliginosa, che lascia scoperte le zampe rosso-brune, e i tarsi giallo-crocei.��� [I have only one perfect male, and one female in which is a poor state due to imperfect moulting; the first is yellowish colored and covered as with a sooty brown patina which covers the reddish-brown and reticulated yellow legs.] This ���sooty appearance��� as described by Targioni-Tozzetti (1877) is very obvious in several of the specimens from Malaysia and Singapore (see Figs. 3A, B, 7D). In life, the specimens from Singapore are greyish-brown. Remarks. Philyra fuliginosa was described by Targioni-Tozzetti (1877) from a male (6.5 �� 8.0 mm) and a female (7.0 �� 8.5 mm) from Java. The present specimens agree with the type description and figures well, the only apparent difference being in the proportions of the exopod of the third maxilliped. That figured by Targioni-Tozzetti (1877: fig. 3g) shows a relatively more slender exopod but this is wider in the present specimens (Figs. 1C, 5A). This may just be because they were depicted in situ; in life the exopod fits onto the sloping sides of the pterygostomial region and appear more slender than they actually are. Rathbun (1909: 108) described P. olivacea from one male (9.0 �� 7.8 mm) collected by a seine from the coast of Lem Ngob in the Gulf of Thailand. She later described the species in more detail (Rathbun, 1910), providing a photograph of the specimen and figures of the carapace, third maxillipeds and pleon. Rathbun (1910: 313) commented that O. olivacea was close to O. fuliginosa but the latter differed in ���in wanting a postero-lateral angulation, and in the form of the ♂ abdomen and chela.��� Comparing their published figures, the differences would be that in O. fuliginosa, the posterior carapace margin has two low lateral lobes (Targioni-Tozzetti 1877: pl. 12 fig. 3a) (versus with 2 prominent lobiform teeth in O. olivacea; Rathbun, 1910: p1. 11, fig. 17); the lateral margin of male pleonal somite 6 is sinuous (Targioni-Tozzetti 1877: pl. 12 fig. 3c) (versus gently convex in O. olivacea; Rathbun, 1910: fig. 4c); and the fingers of the chela are more strongly bent (Targioni-Tozzetti 1877: pl. 12 fig. 3g) (versus less bent in O. olivacea; Rathbun 1910: p1. 11, fig. 17). In the ZRC are two lots which have originally been identified as P. fuliginosa, both from Peninsular Malaysia, one from Muar in Johor (ZRC 1970.8.8.7) (Yang, 1979) and another from Jeram in Selangor (ZRC 2020.0345). There are also several lots from Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore which were identified as P. olivacea by the late H.-L. Chen. A re-examination of this material showed that the specimens from Jeram (ZRC 2020.0345) agreed very well with the type description and figures of P. fuliginosa by Targioni-Tozzetti (1877), with the rest of the material (including the Muar specimen, ZRC 1970.8.8.7) matching that for P. olivacea as described and figured by Rathbun (1909, 1910), Dai et al. (1986), Dai & Yang (1991), Tan (1995) and Chen & Sun (2002) very well. Several characters appear to differentiate the specimens from Jeram (ZRC 2020.0345) from the rest of the material, notably in the proportionately shorter cheliped merus and ambulatory merus (Fig. 1A, F); the lateral margin of male pleonal somite 6 is slightly sinuous (Figs. 1E, 4A, 5F); and the distal projection of the G1 prominently overreaches the main shaft of the (Fig. 6A���C). These differences, however, are not significant at the species level. The male cheliped merus of the Jeram P. fuliginosa is proportionately shorter (Fig. 1A) as figured by Targioni-Tozzetti 1877: pl. 12 fig. 3g), and this structure is distinctly longer in most of the specimens of P. olivacea examined (Figs. 2A, 3A, B), even when specimens of similar sizes are compared. In a few smaller specimens of P. olivacea, however, the merus is somewhat shorter (Fig. 3C). The same pattern is observed for female specimens (Fig. 7A versus Fig. 7D). Slight differences in proportions of the cheliped merus, however, can be explained by variation. The ambulatory merus of the Jeram male is proportionately shorter (Fig. 1F) and looks identical to that figured by Targioni-Tozzetti (1877: pl. 12 fig. 3b). This is also true for the female specimen from Jeram (Fig. 7A versus Fig. 7D). Most of the specimens of P. olivacea have the ambulatory merus slightly longer (Fig. 2F), but we observe that larger specimens tend to have more slender legs, although not always the case. The differences, observed, in any case, are minor and are unlikely to be reliable at the species level. The differences in the male pleonal somite 6 and G1 appear more significant. Most of the specimens of P. olivacea have the lateral margins of male pleonal somite 6 gently convex (Figs. 2E, 3D, 5G) and the distal projection of the G1 reaches or overlaps the main shaft but does not overreach it (Fig. 6E���G, I���K). A male (6.8 �� 8.0 mm, ZRC 2014.0176) from Singapore is a typical P. olivacea with regards to the frontal lobe, proportions of the cheliped merus, ambulatory merus and third maxilliped exopod, with the lateral margins of pleonal somite 6 clearly convex, but its G1 distal process overlaps the main shaft by a short distance, albeit not to the degree of the Jeram P. fuliginosa (Fig. 6A���C). Another male (11.2 �� 14.0 mm, ZRC 2009.0217) of P. olivacea has the proportionately longer cheliped merus, ambulatory merus and narrower third maxilliped exopod like the other specimens in the lot except that the lateral margins of its pleonal somite 6 are sinuous and the G1 has the distal process slightly overlapping the main shaft. In addition, the frontal median lobe is relatively lower in P. fuliginosa (Fig. 5D) while in most of the specimens of P. olivacea, the frontal median lobe is usually more developed (Fig. 5D), but this appears to be partly associated with size as smaller specimens tend to have somewhat lower frontal lobes. The exopod of the third maxilliped is relatively wider in the specimens of P. fuliginosa (Fig. 5A) and while most of the specimens of P. olivacea have a slightly narrower exopod (Figs. 3E, 5B), this is not always the case with a few also possessing a wider one (Fig. 5C). As for the three characters used by Rathbun (1909, 1910) to separate P. olivacea from P. fuliginosa, it was discussed earlier that the form of the male pleon varies.As to the strength of the tooth at the angles of the posterior carapace margin, this character varies substantially, from low (Figs. 1B, 3C) to medium size (Fig. 2B, 3A) to strong (Fig. 3B). The same applies to the slightly different degree of bending of the cheliped fingers varies (e.g., Fig. 3A���C). In summary, there are no clear differences between P. fuliginosa Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877, and P. olivacea Rathbun, 1909, and the author therefore synonymises the two taxa. The types of P. fuliginosa are not extant and almost certainly lost. Lucas (1981: 200) searched for them for his study on hymenosomatids and commented they were lost in the Second World War, and a fresh search has confirmed this (see also Schubart & Ng 2020: 956). There is no immediate need to select a neotype as the specimens on hand from Malaysia and Singapore are clearly P. fuliginosa. Ecology. The Singapore specimens were all collected from the southern part of the island, in sandy-muddy habitats in shallow water less than 20 m deep. Two specimens of O. fuliginosa were obtained from an unusual habitat, a polychaete reef in Jeram, Malaysia (ZRC 2020.0345), where a number of new decapods were also collected (see Polgar et al. 2015), including two rare species of porcellanid crabs (Osawa et al. 2018; Osawa & Ng 2018). Distribution. The species has been reported from Java, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Gulf of Thailand, to Zhejiang, Fujian and Hainan Island in southern China (Targioni-Tozzetti 1877; Rathbun 1909, 1910, 1931; Yang 1979; Dai et al. 1986; Dai & Yang 1991; Tan 1995; Chen & Sun 2002)., Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L., 2021, Ovilyra, a new genus of leucosiid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the West Pacific, pp. 369-380 in Zootaxa 4952 (2) on pages 371-379, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4952.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4674237, {"references":["Targioni-Tozzetti, A. (1877) Crostacei Brachyuri e Anomuri. Zoologia del viaggio intorno al Globo della R. Pirocorvetta Magenta durante gli anni 1865 - 1868. Pubblicazioni del R. Istituto di Studi superiori pratici e di Perfezionamento in Firenze, Sezione di Scienze fisiche e naturali, Successori le Monnier, Firenze, 1, i - xxix + 1 - 257 pp., pls. 1 - 12.","Serene, R. (1968) The Brachyura of the Indo Pacific Region. In: Prodromus for a Check List of the Non-planctonic Marine Fauna of South East Asia. Special Publication of the Singapore National Academy of Science, No. 1, 33 - 120.","Ng, P. K. L., Guinot, D. & Davie, P. J. F. (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 17, 1 - 286.","Galil, B. S. (2009) An examination of the genus Philyra Leach, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Leucosiidae) with descriptions of seven new genera and six new species. Zoosystema, 31 (2), 279 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2009 n 2 a 4","Rathbun, M. J. (1909) New crabs from the Gulf of Siam. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 22, 107 - 114.","Rathbun, M. J. (1910) The Danish Expedition to Siam 1899 - 1900. V. Brachyura. Konelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskat, Naturvidenskabelig og Matematisk Afdeling, 5 (4), 301 - 367, figs. 1 - 44, pls. 1, 2.","Rathbun, M. J. (1931) New and rare Chinese crabs. Lingnan Science Journal, 1929, 8, 75 - 104, pls. 5 - 15.","Dai, A. - Y., Yang, S. - L., Song, Y. - Z. & Chen, G. - X. (1986) Crabs of the China Seas. China Ocean Press, Beijing. 11 + 642 pp.","Dai, A. - Y. & Yang, S. - L. (1991) Crabs of the China Seas. China Ocean Press, Beijing and Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 21 + 608, figs. 1 - 295, pls. 1 - 74.","Chen, H. & Sun, H. (2002) Arthropoda Crustacea. Brachyura. Marine primitive crabs. Fauna Sinica. Invertebrata, 30, Science Press, Beijing, 597 pp., colour pls. 1 - 4, pls. 1 - 16.","Yang, C. M. (1979) A list of Brachyura in the Zoological Reference Collection of the Department of Zoology. No. 14. Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 60 pp.","Shen, C. J. & Dai A. Y. (1964) Illustrations of animals in China (Crustacea part II). (unnumbered). Beijing. pp. 1 - 142, 277 figs.","Lucas, J. S. (1981) Spider crabs of the family Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea: Brachyura) with particular reference to Australian species: Systematics and biology. Records of the Australian Museum, 1980, 33 (4), 148 - 247, figs. 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.33.1980.199","Schubart, C. D. & Ng, P. K. L. (2020) Revision of the intertidal and semiterrestrial crab genera Chiromantes Gistel, 1848, and Pseudosesarma Serene & Soh, 1970 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae), using morphology and molecular phylogenetics, with the establishment of nine new genera and two new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 68, 891 - 994.","Polgar, G., Nishi, E., Idris, I. & Glasby, C. J. (2015) Tropical polychaete community and reef dynamics: insights from a Malayan Sabellaria (Annelida: Sabellariidae) reef. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 63, 401 - 417.","Osawa, M. & Ng, P. K. L. (2018) A new species of the genus Raphidopus Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with additional records of R. johnsoni Ng & Nakasone, 1994 from the Southeast Asia, and a key to species in the genus. Zootaxa, 4433 (1), 111 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4433.1.6"]}

Philyra cf. syndactyla Ortmann, 1892 (Fig. 6O) Material examined. One specimen, MFM 145614. Remarks. One cheliped was collected resembling that of Philyra syndactyla, but other parts (e.g., carapace) were not found. This identification is preliminary until more complete specimens are found., Published as part of Ando, Yusuke, Kawano, Shigenori, Muramiya, Yusuke, Niiyama, Sota, Kameyama, Sohiko & Shimoyama, Shoichi, 2020, Fossil decapods from the Upper Quaternary in Shinjima Island in Kagoshima Kyushu, Japan, and description of a new species of ghost shrimp (Axiidea Eucalliacidae), pp. 523-541 in Zootaxa 4878 (3) on page 533, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4425380, {"references":["Ortmann, A. E. (1892) Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der von Herrn Dr. Doderlein bei Japan und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesammelten und zur Zeit im Strassburger Museum aufbewahrten Formen. V Theil. Die Abtheilungen Hippidea, Dromiidea und Oxystomata. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 6, 532 - 588. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26456"]}

Five species of decapod crustaceans, including Calliax nishiki sp. nov. (Axiidea, Eucalliacidae) and Carcinoplax longimana (de Haan), are described from the upper part of the Moeshima Silt Bed (latest Pleistocene to Holocene: ca 13,000 to 8,000 cal BP). Ten decapods, including Laticallichirus grandis (Karasawa & Goda) and Ebalia tuberculosa (A. Milne-Edwards) are described from the Moeshima Shell Bed (Holocene: ca 8,000 to 2,000 cal BP). Calliax nishiki is abundant and Carcinoplax longimana is common in the decapod assemblage of Moeshima Silt Bed. The new species of Calliax seems to have dispersed around the deep marine setting with a reducing environment. The decapod assemblage of the Moeshima Shell Bed is characterized by a predominance of L. grandis. The present record suggests that L. grandis is abundant under sandy and gravelly bottoms mixed with shells of the lower sublittoral to subtidal zones during the Quaternary.

Myra sp. (Fig. 6N) Material examined. One specimen, MFM 145613. Remarks. A single fragment of merus of the cheliped was collected, characterized by a long merus and heavy granulated margins., Published as part of Ando, Yusuke, Kawano, Shigenori, Muramiya, Yusuke, Niiyama, Sota, Kameyama, Sohiko & Shimoyama, Shoichi, 2020, Fossil decapods from the Upper Quaternary in Shinjima Island in Kagoshima Kyushu, Japan, and description of a new species of ghost shrimp (Axiidea Eucalliacidae), pp. 523-541 in Zootaxa 4878 (3) on pages 532-533, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4425380

Ebalia tuberculosa (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873) (Fig. 6M) Persephona tuberculosa A. Milne-Edwards, 1873: 86. Ebalia tuberculosa.— Miyake 1983: 59, pl. 20, fig. 1.— Takeda 1997: 237.— Ikeda 1998: 27, fig. 5.— Takeda 2001: 228.— Komatsu & Komai 2009: 603. Material examined. MFM 145612 and seven other referred specimens. Remarks. One complete carapace and seven fragments were collected. The extant specimens live at 50–550 m depth in the Into-West Pacific region (Takeda 2001)., Published as part of Ando, Yusuke, Kawano, Shigenori, Muramiya, Yusuke, Niiyama, Sota, Kameyama, Sohiko & Shimoyama, Shoichi, 2020, Fossil decapods from the Upper Quaternary in Shinjima Island in Kagoshima Kyushu, Japan, and description of a new species of ghost shrimp (Axiidea Eucalliacidae), pp. 523-541 in Zootaxa 4878 (3) on page 532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4425380, {"references":["Milne-Edwards, A. (1873) Descriptions des quelques crustaces nouveaux ou peu connus provenant du Musee de M. C. Godeffroy. Journal des Museum Godeffroy, 1, 77 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10644","Miyake, S. (1983) Japanese Crustacean Decapods and Stomatopods in Color (2). Hoikusha, Osaka, 261 pp.","Takeda, M. (1997) Deep-sea Decapod Crustacean Fauna of Suruga Bay, Central Japan. National Science Museum Monographs, 12, 229 - 255.","Ikeda, H. (1998) The deep-sea crabs of Sagami Bay. Hayama Shiosai Museum, Kanagawa, 180 pp.","Takeda, M. (2001) Annotated List of Crabs from Tosa Bay, Southwest Japan, Collected by the R / V / Kotaka Maru during the Years 1997 - 2000. National Science Museum Monographs, 20, 217 - 262.","Komatsu, H. & Komai, T. (2009) Thalassinidea, Anomura and Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Northeastern Japan Collected during the \" Research on Deep-sea Fauna and Pollutants off Pacific Coast of Northern Japan \" Project. National Museum of Nature and Science Monographs, 39, 581 - 613."]}

Persephona punctata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figure 10C) Cancer punctatus Linnaeus, 1758: 630. Material examined. Brazil, São Paulo: 1 ♂, 2 ♀, CCDB 24, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. F. Mantelatto, 24.viii.1998; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 5 j, CCDB 27, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 27.v.1998; 3 ♀, CCDB 3248, Cananéia, colls. R. Costa et al., 14.iv.2011; 1 ♀, CCDB 2831, Ubatuba, Enseada do Mar Virado, coll. G. Hirose, 24.vii.2002; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, CCDB 21, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 01.v.2002; 1 ♂, CCDB 817, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. A. Castilho, 07.vii.2011; 1 ♂, CCDB 818, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. A. Castilho, 07.vii.2011; 1 ♀, CCDB 755, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 01.vii.2001; 1 ♂, CCDB 2529, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. F. Mantelatto, 21.i.2009; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ov, CCDB 2838, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. G. Hirose, 27.i.2010; 2 ♂, CCDB 1581, Ubatuba, offshore, coll. D. Rosa, 15.viii.2011. Distribution. Western Atlantic—Southern Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Suriname, and Brazil (Amapá, Pará, Ceará, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul) (Guinot-Dumortier 1959; Holthuis 1959; Fausto-Filho 1966; Coelho & Torres 1980; Coelho et al. 1986; Taissoun 1986–88; Bordin 1987; Werding & Müller 1989; Raz-Guzman & Sanchez 1992; Boschi 2000; Mantelatto & Fransozo 2000; Almeida et al. 2007a, b; Magalhães et al. 2016). Remarks. Previous records on the coast of São Paulo state include Ubatuba (Mantelatto & Fransozo 2000), and Santos-São Vicente bay (Sant’Anna et al. 2012). Sequences accession number (GenBank): CCDB 1539—16S (JX102063), COI (JX102090) (Magalhães et al. 2016)., Published as part of Mantelatto, Fernando L., Tamburus, Ana Francisca, Magalhães, Tatiana, Buranelli, Raquel C., Terossi, Mariana, Negri, Mariana, Castilho, Antonio L., Costa, Rogério C. & Zara, Fernando J., 2020, Checklist of decapod crustaceans from the coast of the São Paulo state (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: III. Infraorder Brachyura Latreille, 1802, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4872 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4872.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4423421, {"references":["Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct, Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, iii + 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","Guinot-Dumortier, D. (1959) Sur une collection de Crustaces (Decapoda Reptantia) de Guyane Francaise. I. Brachyura (Oxyrhyncha exclus). Bulletin du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 2 e Serie, 31, 423 - 434.","Holthuis, L. B. (1959) The Crustacea Decapoda of Suriname (Dutch Guiana). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 44, 187 - 190.","Fausto-Filho, J. (1966) Primeira contribuicao ao inventario dos crustaceos decapodos marinhos do nordeste brasileiro. Arquivos de Ciencias do Mar, 6 (1), 31 - 37.","Coelho, P. A. & Torres, M. F. A. (1980) Zoogeografia marinha do Brasil. II. Consideracoes ecologicas e biogeograficas sobre a familia Leucosiidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Revista Nordestina de Biologia, 3, 67 - 77.","Bordin, G. (1987) Brachyura da plataforma continental do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e areas adjacentes (Crustacea, Decapoda). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 66, 3 - 32.","Werding, B. & Muller, H. G. (1989) Leucosiidae von der Nordkuste Kolumbiens (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 70 (4 - 6), 405 - 417.","Raz-Guzman, A. & Sanchez, A. J. (1992) Registros adicionales de cangrejos braquiuros (Crustacea: Brachyura) de Laguna de Terminos, Campeche. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, 63 (1), 29 - 45.","Boschi, E. E. (2000) Species of decapod crustaceans and their distribution in the American Marine Zoogeographic Provinces. Revista de Investigacion y Desarrollo Pesquero, 13, 7 - 136.","Mantelatto, F. L. & Fransozo, A. (2000) Brachyuran community in Ubatuba Bay, Northern coast of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Journal of Shellfish Research, 19, 701 - 709.","Almeida, A. O., Coelho, P. A., Santos, J. & Ferraz, N. (2007 a) Crustaceos estomatopodos e decapodos da costa de Ilheus, Bahia, Brasil. Atlantica, 29 (1), 5 - 20.","Magalhaes, T., Robles, R., Felder, D. L. & Mantelatto, F. L. (2016) Integrative taxonomic study of the purse crab genus Persephona Leach, 1817 (Brachyura: Leucosiidae): combining morphology and molecular data. PLoS ONE, 11 (4), e 0152627. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0152627","Sant'Anna, B., Watanabe, T. T., Turra, A. & Zara, F. J. (2012) Relative abundance and population biology of non-indigenous crab Charybdis hellerii (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) in a southwestern Atlantic estuary-bay complex. Aquatic Invasions, 7, 347 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.3391 / ai. 2012.7.3.006"]}

Persephona lichtensteinii Leach, 1817 (Figure 10A) Persephona lichtensteinii Leach, 1817: 23. Material examined. Brazil, São Paulo: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 j, CCDB 19, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 01.viii.1999; 1 ♂, CCDB 23, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 15.viii.1996; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, CCDB 1430, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 27.viii.2002; 2 ♂, CCDB 2525, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 21.i.2009; 1 ♂, CCDB 2663, Ubatuba, Enseada do Mar Virado, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 24.vii.2009; 1 ♂, CCDB 2941, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto & E. Mossolin, 03.viii.2008; 2 ♀, 1 j, CCDB 3257, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 05.iv.2011; 1♂, USNM 67989, São Sebastião. Distribution. Western Atlantic—Caribbean Sea, Honduras, Trinidad and Tobago, Colômbia, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil (Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul) (Finnegan 1931; Holthuis 1959; Coelho 1969; Coelho & Ramos 1972; Coelho & Torres 1980; Rodríguez 1980; Takeda 1983; Taissoun 1986–88 (as P. finneganae); Bordin 1987; Melo 1989; Werding & Müller 1989; Barreto et al. 1993; Mantelatto & Fransozo 2000; Almeida et al. 2007a, b; Magalhães et al. 2016). Remarks. Previous records on the coast of São Paulo state include Ubatuba (Mantelatto & Fransozo 2000). This species was previously also reported as P. finneganae and P. crinita in South America (Magalhães et al. 2016). However, the authors synonymized the name P. finneganae to P. lichtensteinii and concluded that all the specimens reported as P. crinita represent P. lichtensteinii. Sequences accession number (GenBank): CCDB 1430—16S (JX102061), CCDB 23—COI (JX102080) (Magalhães et al. 2016)., Published as part of Mantelatto, Fernando L., Tamburus, Ana Francisca, Magalhães, Tatiana, Buranelli, Raquel C., Terossi, Mariana, Negri, Mariana, Castilho, Antonio L., Costa, Rogério C. & Zara, Fernando J., 2020, Checklist of decapod crustaceans from the coast of the São Paulo state (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: III. Infraorder Brachyura Latreille, 1802, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4872 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4872.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4423421, {"references":["Leach, W. E. (1817) The Zoological Miscellany, being descriptions of new or interesting animals. Vol. 3. Printed by B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son and sold by all booksellers, London, 151 pp.","Finnegan, S. (1931) Report on the Brachyura collected in Central America, the Gorgona and Galapagos Islands, by Dr. Crossland on the ' St. George' expedition to the Pacific, 1924 - 25. Journal of the Linnean Society of London Zoology, 37 (255), 607 - 673. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1931. tb 02367. x","Holthuis, L. B. (1959) The Crustacea Decapoda of Suriname (Dutch Guiana). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 44, 187 - 190.","Coelho, P. A. (1969) Novas ocorrencias de crustaceos decapodos em Pernambuco e estados vizinhos. Trabalhos Oceanograficos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 11, 239 - 248.","Coelho, P. A. & Ramos, M. (1972) A constituicao e a distribuicao da fauna de decapodos do litoral leste da America do Sul entre as latitudes 5 ° N e 39 ° S. Trabalhos Oceanograficos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 13, 133 - 236. https: // doi. org / 10.5914 / tropocean. v 13 i 1.2555","Coelho, P. A. & Torres, M. F. A. (1980) Zoogeografia marinha do Brasil. II. Consideracoes ecologicas e biogeograficas sobre a familia Leucosiidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Revista Nordestina de Biologia, 3, 67 - 77.","Rodriguez, G. (1980) Crustaceos Decapodos de Venezuela. Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, 493 pp.","Takeda, M. (1983) Crustaceans. In: Takeda, M. & Okutani, T. (Eds.), Crustaceans and Mollusks Trawled Off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, pp. 19 - 185.","Bordin, G. (1987) Brachyura da plataforma continental do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e areas adjacentes (Crustacea, Decapoda). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 66, 3 - 32.","Melo, G. A. S., Veloso, V. G. & Oliveira, M. (1989) A fauna de Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) do litoral do Estado do Parana. Lista Preliminar. Neritica, 4, 1 - 31.","Werding, B. & Muller, H. G. (1989) Leucosiidae von der Nordkuste Kolumbiens (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 70 (4 - 6), 405 - 417.","Barreto, A. do V., Coelho, P. A. & Ramos-Porto, M. (1993) Distribuicao geografica dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) coletados na plataforma continental do norte e nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 10, 641 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751993000400010","Mantelatto, F. L. & Fransozo, A. (2000) Brachyuran community in Ubatuba Bay, Northern coast of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Journal of Shellfish Research, 19, 701 - 709.","Almeida, A. O., Coelho, P. A., Santos, J. & Ferraz, N. (2007 a) Crustaceos estomatopodos e decapodos da costa de Ilheus, Bahia, Brasil. Atlantica, 29 (1), 5 - 20.","Magalhaes, T., Robles, R., Felder, D. L. & Mantelatto, F. L. (2016) Integrative taxonomic study of the purse crab genus Persephona Leach, 1817 (Brachyura: Leucosiidae): combining morphology and molecular data. PLoS ONE, 11 (4), e 0152627. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0152627"]}

This checklist is the third part of a series derived from a long-term multidisciplinary project on the biodiversity of decapod crustaceans from marine and coastal environments of São Paulo state (Brazil). We integrated molecular techniques (DNA markers) and morphological analyses of adult specimens for accurate identifications. We compilated 185 species from the literature, but we confirmed the presence of 168 species: 130 of which we sampled, analyzed and obtained sequences (COI and/or 16S totalizing 113 sequences) and 38 that were not directly collected but were confirmed by analyses. In addition, 27 had their distribution removed from São Paulo due to uncertainties, and absence of material as voucher. Five species were reported for the first time on the coast of São Paulo (Calappa ocellata, Neohelice granulata, Teleophrys pococki, Teramnonotus monodi, Tetraxanthus rathbunae) and one on the Brazilian coast (Pseudomedaeus agassizi). Most of the non-sampled species previously reported on the coast of São Paulo might be considered doubtful records stablished in the past by inaccurate analyses, which assumed extended distribution to the area and/or misidentifications. At this time and based on our refined compilation, we can estimate the brachyuran diversity on the coast of São Paulo in 168 species. This detailed inventory contributes to the knowledge on the local decapod fauna by checking available dataset, adding new species records in São Paulo and new sequences to GenBank database. These data may serve as baseline for future identifications and studies on conservation, population genetics, biogeography and phylogenetics, which might flag species that deserve further investigations and concerns.

Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) (Figure 10B) Cancer mediterraneus Herbst, 1794: 150, tab. 37, fig. 2. Material examined. Brazil, São Paulo: 1 ♂, CCDB 16, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. F. Mantelatto, 24.viii.1998; 2 ♀, 2 j, CCDB 1539, Ubatuba, offshore, coll. D. Rosa, 15.viii.2011; 1 ♂, CCDB 3881, Ubatuba, Enseada do Mar Virado, colls. F. Mantelatto & D. Rosa, 24.vii.2009; 1 ♂, CCDB 825, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. A. Castilho & R. Costa, 07.vii.2011; 1 ♀ ov, CCDB 264, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. F. Mantelatto, 16.vi.2003; 1 ♂, CCDB 2662, Ubatuba, Enseada do Mar Virado, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 24.vii.2009; 2 ♂, CCDB 25, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 01.vii.1999; 1 ♀ ov, CCDB 3597, Santos, colls. A. Castilho et al., 24.x.2011; 1 ♀, CCDB 2839, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto & D. Rosa, 29.xi.2009; 1♂, 1 ♀, CCDB 2836, Ubatuba, Enseada de Ubatuba, coll. G. Hirose, 27.i.2010; 1 ♂, CCDB 758, Caraguatatuba, Enseada de Caraguatatuba, colls. F. Mantelatto et al., 01.vii.2001; 1 ♂, 3 j, CCDB 3302, Ubatuba, Ilha das Palmas, coll. D. Rosa, 22.iv.2011. Distribution. Western Atlantic—Eastern Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Antilles, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil (Amapá, Bahia, Sergipe, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), and Uruguay [Guinot-Dumortier 1959; Powers 1977 (part, not full Gulf of Mexico range); Coelho & Torres 1980; Coelho et al. 1986; Martínez-Iglesias & Hernández 1986; Taissoun 1986–88 (as P. aquilonaris); Bordin 1987; Melo et al. 1989; Raz-Guzman & Sánchez 1992; Mantelatto & Fransozo 2000; Almeida et al. 2007a; Magalhães et al. 2016; Mendonça et al. 2019). Remarks. Previous records on the coast of São Paulo state include Ubatuba (Mantelatto & Fransozo 2000). This species was previously also reported as Persephona aquilonaris (Magalhães et al. 2016). However, the authors confirmed that P. mediterranea and P. aquilonaris are both valid species, the former occurring in part of southern Florida, the Caribbean Sea and South America, the latter restricted to the Gulf of Mexico and eastern North America. Sequences accession number (GenBank): CCDB 2662—16S (JX102067), CCDB 1581—COI (JX102086) (Magalhães et al. 2016)., Published as part of Mantelatto, Fernando L., Tamburus, Ana Francisca, Magalhães, Tatiana, Buranelli, Raquel C., Terossi, Mariana, Negri, Mariana, Castilho, Antonio L., Costa, Rogério C. & Zara, Fernando J., 2020, Checklist of decapod crustaceans from the coast of the São Paulo state (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: III. Infraorder Brachyura Latreille, 1802, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4872 (1) on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4872.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4423421, {"references":["Guinot-Dumortier, D. (1959) Sur une collection de Crustaces (Decapoda Reptantia) de Guyane Francaise. I. Brachyura (Oxyrhyncha exclus). Bulletin du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 2 e Serie, 31, 423 - 434.","Powers, L. W. (1977) A catalogue and bibliography to the crabs (Brachyura) of the Gulf of Mexico. Contributions in Marine Science, 20, 1 - 190.","Coelho, P. A. & Torres, M. F. A. (1980) Zoogeografia marinha do Brasil. II. Consideracoes ecologicas e biogeograficas sobre a familia Leucosiidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Revista Nordestina de Biologia, 3, 67 - 77.","Bordin, G. (1987) Brachyura da plataforma continental do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e areas adjacentes (Crustacea, Decapoda). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 66, 3 - 32.","Melo, G. A. S., Veloso, V. G. & Oliveira, M. (1989) A fauna de Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) do litoral do Estado do Parana. Lista Preliminar. Neritica, 4, 1 - 31.","Raz-Guzman, A. & Sanchez, A. J. (1992) Registros adicionales de cangrejos braquiuros (Crustacea: Brachyura) de Laguna de Terminos, Campeche. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, 63 (1), 29 - 45.","Mantelatto, F. L. & Fransozo, A. (2000) Brachyuran community in Ubatuba Bay, Northern coast of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Journal of Shellfish Research, 19, 701 - 709.","Almeida, A. O., Coelho, P. A., Santos, J. & Ferraz, N. (2007 a) Crustaceos estomatopodos e decapodos da costa de Ilheus, Bahia, Brasil. Atlantica, 29 (1), 5 - 20.","Magalhaes, T., Robles, R., Felder, D. L. & Mantelatto, F. L. (2016) Integrative taxonomic study of the purse crab genus Persephona Leach, 1817 (Brachyura: Leucosiidae): combining morphology and molecular data. PLoS ONE, 11 (4), e 0152627. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0152627","Mendonca, L. M. C., Guimaraes, C. R. P., Santos, R. C., Alves, D. F. R., Barros-Alves, S. P., Silva, S. L. R. & Hirose, G. L. (2019) Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 4712 (3), 301 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4712.3.1"]}

Captain Edward Belcher was instructed by the Lords of the Admiralty to conduct a Surveying Expedition of the various coasts and islands in the Eastern Seas using H.M.S. Samarang. During this voyage from 1843–1846, Assistant-Surgeon Arthur Adams, made a significant contribution to the collection of natural history specimens, and together with fellow officers J. Richards and W. Browne, he prepared numerous drawings used by Belcher to illustrate the Narrative of the voyage. Later, Adams collaborated with Adam White (an Assistant in the Zoological Branch of the British Museum) to describe the Samarang Crustacea, published jointly with Lovell Reeve on the Samarang Mollusca, edited the Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Samarang and was the author of Notes from a Journal of the Natural History which was published in the Narrative of the voyage by Belcher. In his Natural History, Adams provided detailed accounts on some of the crustaceans collected with formal descriptions of species new to science thereby making these names available. The history, nomenclature and validity of the crustacean species cited in this work is discussed and a list of the available names is tabulated.

Persephona punctata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figure 4H) Material examined. Petro-UFS—62 (9 M, 9 F); size range: 20.30 ≤ CW ≤ 37.40 mm; average: CW = 30.72 ± 4.46 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00094. Penaeid—61 (40 M, 18 F, 3 OF); size range: 15.55 ≤ CW ≤ 36.21 mm; average: CW = 22.47 ± 3.83 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00230. Stations. Petro-UFS—1, 2, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, and 17; Penaeid—2, 4, 5, 6, and 9. Distribution. Western Atlantic—Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Brazil (from Amapá to Rio Grande do Sul) (Melo 1996). Ecological notes. From shallow waters to 50 m. On mud, sand, and shell bottoms (Melo 1996). Previous records in Sergipe. Coelho et al. (1983, 2004)., Published as part of Mendonça, Luana M. C., Guimarães, Carmen R. P., Santos, Rafael C., Alves, Douglas F. R., Barros-Alves, Samara P., Silva, Sonja L. R. & Hirose, Gustavo L., 2019, Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, pp. 301-344 in Zootaxa 4712 (3) on page 314, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586316, {"references":["Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct, Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, iii + 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","Melo, G. A. S. (1996) Manual de identificacao dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do litoral brasileiro. Editora Pleiade, Sao Paulo, 603 pp.","Coelho, P. A., Ramos-Porto, M. & Calado, T. C. S. (1983) Litoral de Alagoas e Sergipe: Decapoda. Anais da Sociedade Nordestina de Zoologia, 1 (1), 133 - 155.","Coelho, P. A., Santos, M. C. F., Freitas, A. E. T. S., Silva, A. C. C. D. & Santos, S. M. (2004) Crustaceos decapodos coletados no Estado de Sergipe - Brasil. Boletim Tecnico-Cientifico do CEPENE, 12 (1), 81 - 90."]}

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:09:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-20 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Universiteit van die Vrystaat We evaluated the taxonomic composition of decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of the Brazilian state of Sergipe. The specimens were collected during two field campaigns that covered the entire shelf length, at depths of 5-30 m. In the first campaign (“Petro-UFS”), four samplings took place between 1999−2000. In the second one (“Penaeid”), monthly samplings were carried out in 2013−2014, and covered an area at and between two important estuaries. Overall, we examined 74,387 decapod crustacean specimens. These specimens belonged to 27 families and 78 species, of which 26 species are newly recorded from Sergipe. Considering these results and previous records, Sergipe now has 121 species of marine decapod crustaceans, which represents only ~20% of the species recorded in the northern and northeastern Brazil. This gap indicates that the crustacean richness of Sergipe is probably underestimated and likely to increase with further samplings, especially on artificial rocky shores, rhodoliths and algae banks, small coralline formations, and other unexplored estuarine habitats. Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Sergipe UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n Programa de pós-graduação em Zoologia Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Paraná UFPR, Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, 210, Jardim das Américas Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Av. Luis Edmundo Carrijo Couba, 14-01, Vargem Limpa Laboratório de Ecologia de Ecossistemas Aquáticos Universidade Federal de Uberlândia UFU, Av. Amazonas, s/n, Umuarama Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Av. Luis Edmundo Carrijo Couba, 14-01, Vargem Limpa

Iliacantha liodactylus Rathbun, 1898 (Figure 4E) Material examined. Penaeid���2 M; size range: 18.81 ��� CW ��� 20.59 mm; average: CW = 19.7 �� 1.26 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00228. Stations. Penaeid���3 and 9. Distribution. Western Atlantic���USA, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, and Brazil (from Amap�� to Bahia) (Melo 1996; Almeida et al. 2007 a). Ecological notes. From shallow waters to 130 m. Found usually on mud (Melo 1996). Previous records in Sergipe. Coelho & Ramos (1972), Coelho et al. (1983), Barreto et al. (1993), Coelho et al. (2004)., Published as part of Mendon��a, Luana M. C., Guimar��es, Carmen R. P., Santos, Rafael C., Alves, Douglas F. R., Barros-Alves, Samara P., Silva, Sonja L. R. & Hirose, Gustavo L., 2019, Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, pp. 301-344 in Zootaxa 4712 (3) on page 313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586316, {"references":["Rathbun, M. J. (1898) The Brachyura of the biological expedition to the Florida Keys and the Bahamas in 1893. Bulletin from the laboratories of natural history of the State University of Iowa, 4 (3), 250 - 294.","Melo, G. A. S. (1996) Manual de identificacao dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do litoral brasileiro. Editora Pleiade, Sao Paulo, 603 pp.","Almeida, A. O., Coelho, P. A., Santos, J. T. A. & Ferraz, N. R. (2007 a) Crustaceos estomatopodos e decapodos da costa de Ilheus, Bahia, Brasil. Atlantica, 29 (1), 5 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.5088 / atl","Coelho, P. A. & Ramos, M. (1972) A constituicao e a distribuicao da fauna de decapodos do litoral leste da America do Sul entre as latitudes de 5 ºN e 39 ºS. Trabalhos Oceanograficos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 13, 133 - 236. https: // doi. org / 10.5914 / tropocean. v 13 i 1.2555","Coelho, P. A., Ramos-Porto, M. & Calado, T. C. S. (1983) Litoral de Alagoas e Sergipe: Decapoda. Anais da Sociedade Nordestina de Zoologia, 1 (1), 133 - 155.","Barreto, A. V., Coelho, P. A. & Ramos-Porto, M. (1993) Distribuicao geografica dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) coletados na plataforma continental do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 10 (4), 641 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 010181751993000400010","Coelho, P. A., Santos, M. C. F., Freitas, A. E. T. S., Silva, A. C. C. D. & Santos, S. M. (2004) Crustaceos decapodos coletados no Estado de Sergipe - Brasil. Boletim Tecnico-Cientifico do CEPENE, 12 (1), 81 - 90."]}

Persephona lichtensteinii Leach, 1817 (Figure 4F) Material examined. Petro-UFS���151 (18 M, 23 F); size range: 17.33 ��� CW ��� 30.42 mm; average: CW = 24.20 �� 2.31 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00048. Penaeid���213 (105 M, 34 F, 74 OF); size range: 13.59 ��� CW��� 34.65 mm; average: CW = 20.43 �� 2.60 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00229. Stations. Petro-UFS���1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17; Penaeid���2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Distribution. Western Atlantic���Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil (from Amap�� to S��o Paulo, and Santa Catarina) (Melo 1996; Branco & Fracasso 2004; Freitas-Junior et al. 2010). Ecological notes. From shallow waters to 70 m. On mud, sand, and calcareous algae bottoms (Melo 1996). Previous records in Sergipe. Coelho & Ramos (1972), Coelho et al. (1983), Barreto et al. (1993), Coelho et al. (2004)., Published as part of Mendon��a, Luana M. C., Guimar��es, Carmen R. P., Santos, Rafael C., Alves, Douglas F. R., Barros-Alves, Samara P., Silva, Sonja L. R. & Hirose, Gustavo L., 2019, Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, pp. 301-344 in Zootaxa 4712 (3) on page 314, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586316, {"references":["Leach, W. E. (1817) The Zoological Miscellany, being descriptions of new or interesting animals. Vol. 3. Printed by B. McMillan for E. Nodder & Son and sold by all booksellers, London, 151 pp.","Melo, G. A. S. (1996) Manual de identificacao dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do litoral brasileiro. Editora Pleiade, Sao Paulo, 603 pp.","Branco, J. O. & Fracasso, H. A. A. (2004) Ocorrencia e abundancia da carcinofauna acompanhante na pesca do camarao-sete-barbas, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri Heller (Crustacea, Decapoda), na Armacao do Itapocoroy, Penha, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21 (2), 295 - 301. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752004000200022","Freitas-Junior, F., Christoffersen, M. L. & Branco, J. O. (2010) Monitoring of carcinofauna abundance and diversity during eight years of expressway construction in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Latin American Journal Aquatic Research, 38 (3), 461 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.4067 / S 0718 - 560 X 2010000300010","Coelho, P. A. & Ramos, M. (1972) A constituicao e a distribuicao da fauna de decapodos do litoral leste da America do Sul entre as latitudes de 5 ºN e 39 ºS. Trabalhos Oceanograficos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 13, 133 - 236. https: // doi. org / 10.5914 / tropocean. v 13 i 1.2555","Coelho, P. A., Ramos-Porto, M. & Calado, T. C. S. (1983) Litoral de Alagoas e Sergipe: Decapoda. Anais da Sociedade Nordestina de Zoologia, 1 (1), 133 - 155.","Barreto, A. V., Coelho, P. A. & Ramos-Porto, M. (1993) Distribuicao geografica dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) coletados na plataforma continental do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 10 (4), 641 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 010181751993000400010","Coelho, P. A., Santos, M. C. F., Freitas, A. E. T. S., Silva, A. C. C. D. & Santos, S. M. (2004) Crustaceos decapodos coletados no Estado de Sergipe - Brasil. Boletim Tecnico-Cientifico do CEPENE, 12 (1), 81 - 90."]}

Acanthilia intermedia (Miers, 1886) (Figure 4D) Material examined. Penaeid—2 (1 M, 1 F); size range: 16.17 ≤ CW ≤ 19.77 mm; average: CW = 17.97 ± 2.54 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00231. Stations. Penaeid—3. Distribution. Western Atlantic—USA (North and South Carolina, Florida, and Gulf of Mexico), Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, and Brazil (from Maranhão to Rio de Janeiro) (Melo 1996, as Iliacantha intermedia). Ecological notes. From shallow waters to 130 m. On sand, gravel, and broken shells bottoms (Melo 1996). Remarks. Iliacantha intermedia was described by Miers in 1886, and removed by Galil (2000) to the new monotypic genus Acanthilia. Previous records in Sergipe. None., Published as part of Mendonça, Luana M. C., Guimarães, Carmen R. P., Santos, Rafael C., Alves, Douglas F. R., Barros-Alves, Samara P., Silva, Sonja L. R. & Hirose, Gustavo L., 2019, Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, pp. 301-344 in Zootaxa 4712 (3) on page 313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586316, {"references":["Miers, E. J. (1886) Report on the Brachyura collected by H. M. S. \" Challenger \" during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. \" Challenger \" During the Years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 17 (49), 1 - 362.","Melo, G. A. S. (1996) Manual de identificacao dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do litoral brasileiro. Editora Pleiade, Sao Paulo, 603 pp.","Galil, B. S. (2000) Acanthilia, a new genus of leucosioid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) from the Atlantic coast of the Americas. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113 (2), 426 - 430."]}

Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) (Figure 4G) Material examined. Petro-UFS—1 M; CW = 41.63 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00122. Penaeid—1 M; CW = 36.54 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00227. Stations. Petro-UFS—17; Penaeid—3. Distribution. Western Atlantic—USA (from New Jersey to Florida, and Gulf of Mexico), Antilles, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil (from Amapá to Rio Grande do Sul), and Uruguay (Melo 1996). Ecological notes. From intertidal to 60 m. On sand, shell, and coral bottoms (Melo 1996). Remarks. Santos et al. (2016) collected specimens were downstream of the São Francisco River, at the border of Alagoas and Sergipe. Previous records in Sergipe. Santos et al. (2016)., Published as part of Mendonça, Luana M. C., Guimarães, Carmen R. P., Santos, Rafael C., Alves, Douglas F. R., Barros-Alves, Samara P., Silva, Sonja L. R. & Hirose, Gustavo L., 2019, Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, pp. 301-344 in Zootaxa 4712 (3) on page 314, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586316, {"references":["Melo, G. A. S. (1996) Manual de identificacao dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do litoral brasileiro. Editora Pleiade, Sao Paulo, 603 pp.","Santos, M. C. F., Silva, K. C. A. & Cintra, I. H. A. (2016) Accompained carcinofauna of artisanal Atlantic seabob shrimp fishery offshore of the mouth of the Rio Sao Francisco (State of Alagoas and Sergipe, Brazil). Acta of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 4, 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.2312 / Actafish. 2016.4.1.1 - 10"]}

Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871 Material examined. Petro-UFS���16 (9 M, 2 F, 3 OF); size range: 16.00 ��� CW ��� 24.47 mm; average: CW = 20.01 �� 2.60 mm; CZUFS CRU- 00054. Stations. Petro-UFS���6, 8, and 9. Distribution. Western Atlantic���Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, Colombia, and Brazil (from Par�� to Esp��rito Santo) (Melo 1996). Ecological notes. Lives between 20 and 80 m. Found on gravel, shells, corals, and calcareous algae bottoms (Melo 1996). Previous records in Sergipe. Barreto et al. (1993)., Published as part of Mendon��a, Luana M. C., Guimar��es, Carmen R. P., Santos, Rafael C., Alves, Douglas F. R., Barros-Alves, Samara P., Silva, Sonja L. R. & Hirose, Gustavo L., 2019, Decapod crustaceans from the continental shelf of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil, pp. 301-344 in Zootaxa 4712 (3) on page 314, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586316, {"references":["Stimpson, W. (1871) Notes on North American Crustacea in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. III. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New-York, 10, 92 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1749 - 6632.1874. tb 00028. x","Melo, G. A. S. (1996) Manual de identificacao dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do litoral brasileiro. Editora Pleiade, Sao Paulo, 603 pp.","Barreto, A. V., Coelho, P. A. & Ramos-Porto, M. (1993) Distribuicao geografica dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) coletados na plataforma continental do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 10 (4), 641 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 010181751993000400010"]}

Cryptocnemus grandidieri A. Milne-Edwards, 1865 (Fig. 1 A–C) Cryptocnemus Grandidierii A. Milne-Edwards 1865: 155, pl. 6, fig. 4; 1868: 72 (list). Cryptocnemus grandidieri, Guinot 1967: 250 (list). Material examined. Holotype, male (5.5 x 8.1), MNHN B-3987, Zanzibar, coll. A. Grandidier, 1864, preserved dry. Other material. 1 female (7.8 x 12.4), MZUF-4447, Kenya, Mombasa, reef, colls S. Cianfanelli, E. Talenti, G. Innocenti, Sept. 2000. Description. Carapace transversely suboval in outline, 1.6 times wide as long, with strongly expanded branchial regions concealing ambulatory legs; prominent tribranched ridge; margins lamellate, upcurved, closely and minutely scalloped (Fig. 1A). Front narrow, very slightly produced, upturned, triangular. Anterior margin distinctly sinuous, minutely and irregularly scalloped; lateral and posterior margins continuous, rounded; posterior margin bearing two flattened submedian lobes. Postfrontal median ridge prominent, finely granulate, meeting at raised, prominently granulate gastrocardiac region with granulate ridges extending to posterolateral angles. The rest of the upper surface of carapace is smooth to the naked eye. Hepatic regions concave, sloping from postfrontal median ridge. Antennule folded into slightly diagonal fossa. Ocular peduncle short. Orbital hiatus on infraorbital margin closed by basal segment of antenna. Suborbital region granulate. Anterolateral margin of buccal region raised, granulate, running parallel to anterolateral margin distally. Third maxilliped with merus nearly as long as ischium along mesial margin, granulate; exopod slightly arcuate along lateral margin, granulate. Surfaces of pterygostomial, sub-hepatic and sub-branchial regions smooth, sparsely punctate. Cheliped slender. Merus trigonal, posterior, anterior margins finely scalloped. Carpus globular, upper margin carinate. Palm laterally compressed, elongate; upper and lower margins carinate. Fingers short, tips crossing when closed, upper margin of dactyl scalloped. Ambulatory legs smooth, laterally compressed, carinate, lamellate, gradually decreasing in length from first to fourth, hidden in dorsal view by extended branchial regions of carapace when retracted. Pleon strongly convex, dome-like, obsoletely granulate, telson laciniate (Fig. 1B). Sternopleonal cavity with prominent, granulate rim, deep, completely covered by pleon; sutures separating thoracic sternites medially interrupted, median part of cavity smooth; vulvae on anterior edge of sternite 6, pushing into sternite 5, opening circular, with round operculum, inner margin raised. Colour (in life). Bone white, like bleached coral (fide G. Innocenti). Remarks. Alfred Grandidier, a French explorer and naturalist, visited Zanzibar in 1864 collecting “… quelques espèces très curieuses” (Grandidier 1868:5). Alphonse Milne Edwards (1868: 70), who described C. grandidieri from that material, remarked that the collection comprised a great number of samples the study of which seemed to him most interesting, because many belonged to new species, and some constitute forms distinct from all those known until then and impossible to place in any known genus. The species has not been reported since. The present specimen differs slightly from the illustrations accompanying A. Milne-Edwards’ description (1865: pl. 6, fig. 4) e.g., the front is triangular rather than horizontal and the anterior margins are sinuous. However, these disparities may be due to the angle of viewing the specimen (Fig. 1C). Geographical distribution. Known only from the type locality, Zanzibar, Tanzania (A. Milne-Edwards 1865), and now also from Mombasa, Kenya., Published as part of Galil, Bella S. & Innocenti, Gianna, 2019, Rare and new East African leucosiid crabs, pp. 139-145 in Zootaxa 4555 (1) on page 140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/2624072, {"references":["Milne-Edwards, A. (1865) Description de quelques Crustaces nouveaux ou peu connus de la famille des Leucosiens. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 4, 5, 148 - 159.","Guinot, D. (1967) La Faune carcinologique (Crustacea Brachyura) de l'Ocean Indien Occidental et de la Mer Rouge. Catalogue, Remarques bibliographiques et biobliographie. In: Reunion de Specialistes C. S. A. sur les Crustaces, Zanzibar 1964. Memoires de l'Institute Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 77, 237 - 352.","Grandidier, A. (1868) Notice Sur L'Ile de Zanzibar. Bulletin de la Societe des sciences et arts de l'Ile de la Reunion, 1868, 67 - 100.","Milne-Edwards, A. (1868) Description de quelques Crustaces nouveaux provenant des voyages de M. Alfred Grandidier a Zanzibar et a Madagascar. Nouvelles archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 4, 69 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 15910"]}

Leucisca halimedophila n. sp. (Figs 2A, B, 4 A���C) Material examined. Holotype, male (9.2 x 11.8), MZUF-4446, Kenya, Watamu, reef, colls S. Cianfanelli, E. Talenti, G. Innocenti. Sept. 2000. Paratypes, 1 male (10.4 x 7.8), 1 young female (6.5 x 8.1), MZUF-4930. Description of holotype. Carapace transversely suboval in outline, about 1.3 times as wide as long, with greatly expanded branchial regions concealing ambulatory legs; dorsal surface smooth to the naked eye, margins lamellate, upcurved, closely and minutely granular, prominent conical protuberance medially (Fig. 2A). Front narrow, produced, upturned; margin slightly concave. Anterolateral margin rounded, continuous with posterior margins; posterior margin slightly wider than frontal margin, sinuous, bearing two flattened submedian lobes. Rounded median ridge running from front to conical gastrocardiac protuberance, culminating in cluster of flattened granules. Intestinal region with low protuberance medially. Epibranchial ridge rounded, inconspicuous, running obliquely from gastrocardiac protuberance to posterolateral margin. Ocular peduncle very short. Antennule folded into oblique fossa. Infraorbital margin with orbital hiatus closed by basal segment of antenna, distally with granulate pit. Anterolateral margin of buccal region raised, granulate, running parallel to anterolateral margin distally, notched on anterior margin. Third maxillipeds with margins of exopod and endopod closely granulate; endopod merus nearly as long as ischium along mesial margin, distally granulate; exopod slightly arcuate. Surfaces of pterygostomial, sub-hepatic and sub-branchial regions smooth, sparsely punctate. Cheliped slender. Merus trigonal, margins prominently granulate. Carpus globular, granulate; upper margin carinate. Palm laterally compressed, elongate, margins carinate, boldly granular; inner surface bearing a curving row of pearliform granules extending to dactylar articulation. Fingers short, bearing rows of granules extending to tips, tips crossing when closed. Ambulatory legs granulate, laterally compressed, similar in shape, gradually decreasing in length from first to fourth, hidden by extended branchial regions of carapace in dorsal view when retracted; meri unicarinate, carpi, propodi bicarinate on upper margins, meri bicarinate, propodi unicarinate on lower margins. Pleon with proximal two somites narrow, yoke-shaped; distal somites fused, bearing large triangular denticle subterminally; telson subtriangular (Fig. 2B). G1 (Fig. 4A,B) stocky, sinuous, distally setose, tip claw like. G2 short, filiform, tip laciniate (Fig. 4C). Colour (in life). Carapace, legs, bone colored; brown stripe running along median ridge from front to conic gastrocardiac protuberance, 3 brown dots on posterior margin (fide G. Innocenti). Etymology. The specific epithet, halimedophila, alludes to the carapace shape of the new species, which convincingly resembles a segment of dead coralline algae (Halimeda spp.). Used as an adjective. Distribution. Known from specimens collected from the type locality ��� Watamu, Kenya. Remarks. Leucisca halimedophila n. sp. resembles L. rubifera (M��ller, l887) in the general outline of the carapace and chelipeds, and in possessing triangular denticle subterminally on male abdomen, but the present species is distinguished by a broader carapace, more prominent conic gastrocardiac protuberance, and less prominent intestinal protuberance than L. rubifera (M��ller l887: tab. 4, fig. 4, 4a,b; Tirmizi & Kazmi 1979: fig. 3a,b; Naderloo 2017: fig. 14.20). The posterior margin is produced, bearing two flattened submedian lobes, rather than smoothly convex as in L. rubifera. The granulation on margins of the carapace, thoracic sternites, 3rd maxillipeds are much finer than in L. rubifera. Finally, G1 is stocky, sinuous, distally setose, and with a claw-like distal tip, rather than styliform as in L. rubifera (Tirmizi & Kazmi 1979: fig. 3c; Naderloo 2017: fig. 14.21c)., Published as part of Galil, Bella S. & Innocenti, Gianna, 2019, Rare and new East African leucosiid crabs, pp. 139-145 in Zootaxa 4555 (1) on pages 140-142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/2624072, {"references":["Tirmizi, N. M. & Kazmi, Q. B. (1979) New Decapod Crustacean Records for the Northern Arabian Sea. Crustaceana, 36 (2), 181 - 185.","Naderloo, R. (2017) Atlas of Crabs of the Persian Gulf. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 444 pp."]}

Nobiliella margaritata n. sp. (Figs 3A, B, 4D) Material examined. Holotype, male (7.2 x 8.0), MZUF-4450, Eritrea, Massawa, Gurgussum, tidal zone, coll. L. Mares, Jan. 1975. Description. Carapace (Fig. 3A) subrhomboidal, 1.1 times as wide as long, prominently ridged, margins and dorsal surface boldly granulate. Front produced, upturned, medially concave, finely granulate; margin tridentate. Upper orbital margin unifissured. Mesogastric region convex. Gastrocardiac region prominently raised; gastric region with granulate protuberances laterally; cardiac region with median prominent protuberance bearing large pearly granules. Intestinal region with median prominent protuberance bearing large pearly granules, raised higher than cardiac protuberance. Hepatic region weakly demarcated; margin concave, separated from rounded epibranchial margin by small V-shaped notch. Hepatic facet well developed, concave. Pterygostomial margin ventrally projecting. Epibranchial region sloping anteriorly from epibranchial ridge; margin boldly granulate, slightly upturned, convex. Epibranchial ridge conspicuous, granulate; extending obliquely from gastric protuberances to granulate protuberance on metabranchial margin. Metabranchial region concave; margin oblique, imperceptibly concave. Posterior margin obsoletely trilobate, forming obtuse angle with metabranchial margin. Ocular peduncle short. Antennule obliquely folded in fossa. Basal segment of antenna fused with infraorbital lobe. Lateral margin of buccal frame granulate, minutely notched anterolaterally. Third maxilliped flattened, densely granulate, mesial margins finely granulate; merus as long as ischium along mesial margin; exopod with longitudinal rows of pearly granules along medially, slightly arcuate. Surfaces of sub-orbital, pterygostomial, subhepatic and sub-branchial regions covered with pearly granules. Chelipeds and ambulatory legs missing. Thoracic sternites bearing large pearly granules anteriorly; first to fourth sternites fused; sutures between fourth and fifth sternites to seventh and eighth sternites interrupted medially; sternopleonal cavity reaching first segment, margin rimmed with pearly granules. Male pleon with first somite narrow, yoke-shaped; fused somites elongate, trapezoidal, medially convex proximally, large flattened granules on proximal margin, distal margin with triangular denticle at right angle to abdomen; telson elongate, tongue-shaped (Fig. 3B). G1 (Fig. 4D) slender, sinuous; proximal calcareous portion with long setae distally, corneous portion distally wider, lobular, mesially notched. G2 short, filiform, tip triangular. Etymology. The specific epithet is from the Latin, margarita (pearl), for the pearl-like granules on its carapace. Used as an adjective. Distribution. Known from a single male specimen from Massawa, Eritrea. Remarks. Komatsu & Takeda (2003) transferred Nursia jousseaumei Nobili, 1905, and N. jousseaumei var. cornigera Nobili, 1905 (raising the latter to the specific rank), to a new genus, Nobiliella. Nobiliella margaritata n. sp. closely resembles its congeners in general body form, including granular dorsal ridges of the carapace and triangular tooth of the metabranchial margin, but it is easily distinguished from them by the extensive coverage of pearl-like granulation on both dorsal and ventral surfaces of the carapace. Additionally, N. margaritata n. sp. differs from N. cornigera in possessing tridentate rather than bilobate frontal margin (Komatsu & Takeda 2003: figs 3a,b, 4e), less prominent triangular tooth on metabranchial margin (Komatsu & Takeda 2003: figs 3a, 4e,f). Nobiliella margaritata n. sp. shares with N. jousseaumei the protruding triangular denticle distally on male abdomen (Komatsu & Takeda 2003: figs 1e, 4d), but differs in the shape of the G1 tip (Komatsu & Takeda 2003: fig 1g,h)., Published as part of Galil, Bella S. & Innocenti, Gianna, 2019, Rare and new East African leucosiid crabs, pp. 139-145 in Zootaxa 4555 (1) on page 143, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/2624072, {"references":["Komatsu, H. & Takeda, M. (2003) A new genus of leucosiid crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Red Sea. Zoosystema, 25 (3), 413 - 423."]}

A small collection of East African leucosiid crabs, preserved in the crustacean collection at the Museo di Storia Naturale dell’Università di Firenze, Italy, was examined. Of these, one, Cryptocnemus grandidieri A. Milne-Edwards 1865, collected in 1864 by Alfred Grandidier in Zanzibar and known only from the single type specimen, is redescribed and illustrated. The others are new to science: one each are included in Leucisca MacLeay, 1838 and Nobiliella Komatsu & Takeda, 2003. These new species are described and illustrated, and their affinities with allied taxa discussed.

Komai, Tomoyuki, Shimetsugu, Miho, Ng, Peter K.L. (2019): Redescription and new records of a poorly known leucosiid crab, Pseudophilyra punctulata Chen & Ng, 2003, and description of a new species of Pseudophilyra from Japan (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 4550 (2): 251-267, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.2.6

Pseudophilyra parilis n. sp. [New Japanese name: Hamabe-kobushi-modoki] (Figs. 5���8) Material examined. Holotype: CBM-ZC 14485, 1 male (7.2�� 6.2 mm), Maehama Beach, Funakoshi, Daiou-cho, Shima, Mie Prefecture, 34��16.11���N, 136��52.11���E, intertidal, sand, 23 July 2013, coll. S. Kimura. Paratype: ZRC 2018.0258, 1 male (6.5�� 5.6 mm), same data as holotype; ZRC 2018.0259, 1 female (8.1�� 7.4 mm), 1 immature female (6.0�� 5.4 mm), same locality, 21 August 2013, coll. S. Kimura; CBM-ZC 14486, 1 male (7.3�� 6.3 mm), 1 female (7.9�� 7.3 mm), same locality, 26 August 2017, coll. M. Shimetsugu; CBM-ZC 14487, 1 male (7.0�� 6.2 mm), 1 female (9.5�� 8.8 mm), same locality, 8 September 2017, coll. S. Kimura; CBM-ZC 15184, 1 female (7.7�� 6.9 mm), Saino, Shirahama, Wakayama Prefecture, 33��39.21���N, 135��21.49���E, intertidal, 1 June 2018, coll. S. Kimura. Description. Holotype male. Carapace (Figs. 5, 6A) subpyriform in general outline, 1.15 times as long as wide; dorsal surface convex, glabrous, coarsely punctate. Front (Fig. 6B) weakly produced anteriorly, anterior margin trilobate, median lobe subsemicircular, projecting anteriorly, distinctly exceeding lateral teeth; lateral lobe (inner orbital lobe) blunt, not particularly produced. Orbits small; supraorbital margin strongly oblique, with short, blunt lateral tooth demarcated mesially by deep, narrow longitudinal suture; bilobed anterior margin of efferent branchial channel forming lower orbital margin, inner angle acutely pointed. Hepatic region slightly inflated, forming low, dome-like elevation. Mesogastric region with obsolescent median ridge, shallowly depressed on both sides of ridge. Lateral to posterior margins keel-like, bordered with relatively coarse granules (Fig. 6C), with low convexity just below hepatic region (pterygostomial margin); posterior margin bi-keeled, both nearly straight. Eyestalks (Fig. 6B) retractable, subcylindrical, mesial side protruding into minute blunt distal tubercle exceeding cornea. Antennular fossa continuous with orbit, partially sealed by basal plate on antennule; antennules folded slightly obliquely within fossa. Antenna very small, inserted between antennular fossa and orbit. Thoracic sternum glabrous. Sternite 3 (Fig. 6D) subtriangular, anterior margin produced anteriorly with subacute median point, surface slightly depressed medially. Sternite 4 (Fig. 6D) largest, anterior and lateral margins coarsely granular, otherwise with sparse granules and few punctae. Sternites 5���8 becoming smaller toward posterior, surfaces with few punctae. Episternite 4 clearly demarcated from sternite 4; episternites 5���8 each with shallowly concave outer margin. Sternopleonal cavity deep, extending onto posterior part of thoracic sternite 3, margins on sternite 4, corresponding to pleomere 6 and telson, bordered with coarse granules Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 6E) almost flat, outer surface with scattered punctae. Ischium subrectangular, distinctly longer than wide; merus triangular, tapering distally to subacute tip, subequal in length to ischium measured along mesial margin; lateral margin of ischium and merus minutely beaded. Exopod with distal article spatuliform, lateral margin minutely beaded. Chelipeds (Figs. 5, 6F, G) symmetrical, 1.5 times as long as carapace, glabrous. Merus subcylindrical, about 3.0 times as long as wide, covered with pearly granules of various sizes except for distal one-third of upper surface and distal two-thirds of lower surfaces where granules almost absent carpus. Carpus short, cup-shaped, inner surface concave; upper inner margin with row of small granules, but otherwise almost smooth. Palm compressed, 1.9 times as long as wide, slightly sinuous on outer (extensor) margin, inner (flexor) margin also slightly sinuous; upper surface almost smooth, lower surface with scattered punctae; fixed finger weakly deflexed, nearly straight, terminating in slightly curved, blunt tip; dactylus 0.7 times as long as palm, terminating in slightly curved, blunt tip; both occlusal margins meeting in distal half and forming oval hiatus in proximal half, each without conspicuous teeth. Ambulatory legs (Figs. 5, 6H) slender, glabrous, similar in shape, gradually decreasing in length from first to fourth; each merus cylindrical; each carpus as long as or shorter than propodus; propodus somewhat compressed; each dactylus flattened, slightly curved, tapering distally to minute corneous claw, subequal in length to carpus and propodus combined. Pleon (Fig. 6I) elongate-triangular, gently curved sternally. Somites 1 and 2 very short, transversely linear. Main fused section consisting of somites 3���6 elongate trapezoidal, outer surface with scattered punctae; trace of suture between somites 4 and 5 still discernible; proximolateral margin of fused somite 3 and 4 slightly expanded, lateral margin with low convexity medially. Somite 6 with trace of median tubercle somewhat proximal to distal margin; lateral margin with low convexity at proximal 0.2. Telson elongate-triangular, 1.9 times as long as wide. Gonopod 1 (Fig. 6J, K) slender, slightly sinuously curved (distal half nearly straight except for outwardly curved distal part), gradually tapering, reaching nearly to suture between thoracic sternites 3/4, deeply bifurcate at distal 0.3; branches subequal in length, each terminating in acute tip. Gonopod 2 (Fig. 6L) about 0.3 length of gonopod 1, gently curved, proximal part slightly expanded; distal part unequally bilobed, terminal lobe bluntly pointed. Paratype males. Agree well with holotype male. Carapace 1.13���1.15 times as long as wide. Chelipeds 1.4���1.5 times as long as carapace. Female. Carapace (Fig. 7A) 1.08���1.10 times as long as wide. Front relatively slightly less produced than in males. Exposed lateral part of thoracic sternum very narrow (Fig. 8D), smooth, forming outer wall of deeply excavated sternopleonal cavity; sutures between sternites 4/5, 5/6, 6/7 and 7/8 distinct; sternites 1���3 fused, deeply depressed below to accommodate telson. Sternopleonal cavity (Fig. 7B) circular in outline, margins distinctly delimited; sutures between sternites 4/5, 5/6, 6/7, and 7/8 widely interrupted medially; median suture absent; sternite 4 large, occupying anterior half of sternopleonal concavity, with scattered short, occasionally feathered, setae. Vulvae (Fig. 7B, C) small, located just posterior to mesial end of suture between sternites 5/6, outline circular, without protrusion on outer margin. Cheliped slightly slender than that of males, 1.3 times as long as carapace; palm 2.2 times as long as wide; occlusal margins of fingers of cheliped without conspicuous teeth proximal to meeting point (Fig. 7D). Pleon (Fig. 7E) broad, dome-like; somites 1 and 2 short, transversely band-shaped, somite 2 about twice longer than somite 1; main fused section (somites 3���6) ovoid, no trace of sutures. Telson (damaged in illustrated specimen) small, subsemicircular, exceeding beyond anterior margin of thoracic sternite 3. Colour in life. See Fig. 8. Carapace generally gray or gray-brown, sometimes with irregular blotches of white. Thoracic sternum and pleon entirely white. Cheliped with large gray or gray-brown patches on dorsal surface of merus and palm; fingers with tint of light brown on dorsal surface; ventral surface overall white. Ambulatory legs generally white, with spots of gray or brown on meri, carpi and propodi. Distribution. Presently known only from the type locality, Funakoshi, Daiou-cho, Shima, Mie Prefecture, Japan; intertidal to shallow subtidal sand bottom. Remarks. Pseudophilyra parilis n. sp. closely resembles P. punctulata in the general shape and ornamentation of the carapace, the structure of the cheliped and the deeply bifurcate distal part of the male gonopod 1. The new species differs from P. punctulata in the coarser granules bordering the carapace lateral margins (Fig. 6C versus Fig. 3C) and the less curved distal part of the male gonopod 1 (Fig. 6J, K versus Fig. 3I, J). The other potentially useful characters are: in males, the sternite 4 is more strongly granular in P. parilis n. sp. than in P. punctulata (Fig. 6D versus Fig. 3D); the surface of the fused part of the pleon is more strongly punctate in P. parilis n. sp. than in P. punctulata (Fig. 6I versus Fig. 3H); and the outer margin of the female vulva is straight in P. parilis n. sp., rather than forming a rounded protrusion in P. punctulata. Pseudophilyra tridentata was originally described from Japan on the basis of a female holotype, and has been recorded from various Indo-West Pacific localities (Alcock 1896; Calman 1900; Laurie 1906; Rathbun 1910; Balss 1916, 1922; Stephensen 1946; Tyndale-Biscoe & George 1962; Campbell & Stephenson 1970). Komatsu & Takeda (2000) presented a redescription of the holotype, and clarified that previous records of P. tridentata by Sakai (1937, 1976) actually represent P. intermedia instead. It is likely that those records outside Japan contain species other than P. tridentata. For example, the male first gonopods illustrated by Stephensen (1946) from the Persian Gulf and Tyndale-Biscoe & George (1962) from Australia appear to be different: Stephensen���s (1946: fig. 9D) illustration shows a simple distal part, whereas Tyndale-Biscoe & George (1962: 87, fig. 7.6) specifically mentioned that ���Distal third divided into two by deep cleft���. We examined Japanese specimens undoubtedly identified with P. tridentata, as well as the redescription of the holotype by Komatsu & Takeda (2000), for comparison with the new species and P. punctulata. Unfortunately, no adult male specimens of P. tridentata were available for examination, but in one immature male specimen, although the gonopod 1 was not fully developed, the distal part was already bifurcate. It can thus be assumed that P. tridentata also has a distally bifurcate gonopod 1, like P. parilis n. sp. and P. punctulata. Nevertheless, P. tridentata differs from the latter two species in many features: the frontal part of the carapace is more strongly produced with a proportionately narrower frontal margin in P. tridentata (Fig. 10A, C) than in the latter two species (Figs 3A, 6A); the lateral lobes on the frontal margin are distinctly produced in P. tridentata (Fig. 10D) (not produced in P. punctulata and P. parilis n. sp.; Figs. 3B, 6B); the carapace dorsal surface is relatively smoother and less punctate in P. tridentata (Fig. 9) than in P. punctulata (Fig. 2) and P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 5); the mesogastric median ridge and hepatic elevations on the carapace are more prominent in P. tridentata (Fig. 10A, C) than in P. punctulata (Fig. 3A) and P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 6A); the lateral margin of the carapace is nearly smooth or microscopically granular in P. tridentata (Fig. 10B), rather than moderately granular (P. punctulata; Fig. 3C) or coarsely granular (P. parilis n. sp.; Fig. 6C); the male thoracic sternite 4 is finely granular anterolaterally in P. tridentata (Fig. 10E), whereas it is more coarsely granular in P. punctulata (Fig. 3D) and P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 6D); and the cheliped palm is more robust in P. tridentata (Fig. 10F, G) than in P. punctulata (Figs. 3F, G, 4B) and P. parilis n. sp. (Figs. 6F, B, 7B) (1.8 times as long as wide in P. tridentata versus 2.0���2.2 times as long as wide in the latter two species). Furthermore, P. tridentata seems to be restricted to subtidal depths below 40 m, whereas P. punctulata and P. parilis n. sp. occur in intertidal to shallow subtidal depths. It may be interesting to mention that the episternites 4 are partially fused to the thoracic sternite 4 in the adult male of P. punctulata (Fig. 3D), whereas they are fully separated from the thoracic sternite 4 in the adult males of P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 6D). The significance of this character should be reassessed when more adult male specimens become available for examination. Etymology. From the Latin ��� parilis ��� (adj., similar), in reference to the close similarity of the new species to Pseudophilyra punctulata., Published as part of Komai, Tomoyuki, Shimetsugu, Miho & Ng, Peter K. L., 2019, Redescription and new records of a poorly known leucosiid crab, Pseudophilyra punctulata Chen & Ng, 2003, and description of a new species of Pseudophilyra from Japan (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), pp. 251-267 in Zootaxa 4550 (2) on pages 258-266, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/2625331, {"references":["Alcock, A. (1896) Materials for carcinological fauna of India. No. 2. The Brachyura Oxystomata. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 65, 134 - 296, pls. 6 - 8.","Calman, W. T. (1900) On a collection of Brachyura from Torres Straits. Transactions of the Linnean Society, Series 2, Zoology, 3, 1 - 50, pls. 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1900. tb 00307. x","Laurie, D. (1906) Report on the Brachyura collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. Report of Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries, Part V (Supplementary Reports 40), 349 - 432, pls. 1, 2.","Rathbun, M. J. (1910) The Danish Expedition to Siam 1899 - 1900. V. Brachyura. Det Kongelige Danske Uidenskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Series 7, 4, 301 - 367, pls. 1, 2.","Balss, H. (1916) Expeditionen S. M. Schiff \" Pola \" in das Rote Meer. Nordliche und Sudliche Halfte 1895 / 96 - 1897 / 98. Zoologische Ergebnisse. XXXI. Die Decapoden des Roten Meeres. II. Anomuren, Dromiaceen und Oxystomen. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 92, 1 - 20.","Balss, H. (1922) Ostasiatische Decapoden. Ill. Die Dromiaceen, Oxystomen und Parthenopiden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 88, 104 - 140.","Stephensen, K. (1946) The Brachyura of the Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 57 - 237.","Tyndale-Biscoe, M. & George, R. W. (1962) The Oxystomata and Gymnopleura (Crustacea, Brachyura) of Western Australia with descriptions of two new species from Western Australia and one from India. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 45, 65 - 96.","Campbell, B. M. & Stephenson, W. (1970) The sublittoral Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of Moreton Bay. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 15, 235 - 301, pl. 22.","Komatsu, H. & Takeda, M. (2000) Leucosiid crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Osumi Islands, southwest Japan, with description of a new species of Cryptocnemus. Species Diversity, 5, 267 - 283. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 5.267","Sakai, T. (1937) Studies on the crabs of Japan. 11. Oxystomata. Science Reports of the Tokyo Bunrika Daigaku, (B) 3, Supplement, 67 - 192, pls. 10 - 19.","Sakai, T. (1976) Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. Kodansha, Tokyo, xxix + 773 pp., 3 maps (English volume); 461 pp. (Japanese volume); 16 pp., 251 pls. (pl. volume)."]}

Pseudophilyra punctulata Chen & Ng, 2003 [New Japanese name: Minami-kobushi-modoki] (Figs. 1���4) Pseudophilyra punctulata Chen & Ng, 2003: 64, figs. 1A, 2 (type locality: Siloso Beach, Sentosa, Singapore). Pseudophilyra punctata (sic).��� Ng et al. 2008: 93 (list; no new locality). Material examined. Holotype: ZRC 1993.92, immature male (5.8��5.0 mm), Siloso Beach, Sentosa, Singapore, coll. P.K.L. Ng & S.L. Tay, 21 December 1987. Paratype: ZRC 1995.550, 1 immature female (6.0�� 5.4 mm), Changi Point, Singapore, coll. E. Low, 1 August 1992. Others: Japan: CBM-ZC 7024, 1 immature male (6.1�� 5.3 mm), 1 female (8.2�� 7.4 mm), Uehara, Iriomote Island, Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Islands, subtidal sea grass beds, 8 July 2001, dip net, coll. T. Komai; CBM-ZC 7074, 1 female (8.7�� 7.7 mm), same data; CBM-ZC 7053, 1 female (8.2�� 7.4 mm), Shiraho, Ishigaki Island, Yaeyama Islands, subtidal sea grass beds, 1 July 2001, dip net, coll. T. Komai. Philippines: ZRC 2018.0257, 1 immature male (4.4�� 5.2 mm), station S11, in fine sand and seagrass bed, lagoon off Poblacion, 2 m, Panglao, Bohol, Visayas, 09��33.6'N 123��43.6'E, 11 June 2004, coll. Panglao Marine Biodiversity Project 2004. Thailand: CBM-ZC 12912, 1 male (6.7��6.0 mm), Ao Tang Khen, Phuket, intertidal, sand flat with sea grass beds, 5 October 1990, coll. T. Komai; CBM-ZC 8323, 2 immature males (4.4�� 3.9 mm, 4.6�� 4.1 mm), 2 immature females (4.6�� 4.2 mm, 4.9�� 4.4 mm), same locality, 24 October 1995, coll. T. Komai. Redescription. Adult male. Carapace (Figs. 2, 3A) subpyriform in general outline, 1.12 times longer than broad; dorsal surface convex, glabrous, but coarsely punctate. Front (Fig. 3) weakly produced anteriorly, anterior margin trilobate, median lobe subtriangular with rounded apex projecting anteriorly, distinctly exceeding lateral teeth; lateral lobe (inner orbital lobe) blunt, not particularly produced. Orbits small; supraorbital margin strongly oblique, with short, blunt lateral tooth demarcated mesially by deep, narrow longitudinal suture; bilobed anterior margin of efferent branchial channel forming lower orbital margin, inner angle acutely pointed. Hepatic region slightly inflated, forming low, dome-like elevation. Mesogastric region with obsolescent median ridge, shallowly depressed on both sides of ridge. Lateral to posterior margins keel-like, bordered with relatively coarse granules (Fig. 3C), with low convexity just below hepatic region (pterygostomial margin); posterior margin bi-keeled, both nearly straight. Eyestalks (Fig. 3A) retractable, subcylindrical, mesial side protruding into minute blunt distal tubercle exceeding cornea. Antennular fossa continuous with orbit, partially sealed by basal plate on antennule; antennules folded slightly obliquely within fossa. Antenna very small, inserted between antennular fossa and orbit. Thoracic sternum glabrous. Sternite 3 (Fig. 3D) subtriangular, anterior margin produced anteriorly, surface slightly depressed medially. Sternite 4 (Fig. 3D) largest, anterior and lateral margins coarsely granular, otherwise weakly granular with scattered minute punctae. Sternites 5���8 becoming smaller toward posterior, surfaces generally smooth but with few punctae. Episternite 4 partially fused with sternite 4; episternites 5���8 each with shallowly concave outer margin. Sternopleonal cavity deep, extending onto posterior part of thoracic sternite 3, margins on sternite 4, corresponding to pleomere 6 and telson, bordered with coarse granules (Fig. 3D). Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 3E) almost flat, smooth, polished on outer surface. Ischium subrectangular, distinctly longer than wide; merus triangular, tapering distally to subacute tip, subequal in length to ischium measured along mesial margin; lateral margin of ischium and merus minutely beaded. Exopod with distal article spatuliform, lateral margin minutely beaded. Chelipeds (Figs. 2, 3F, G) symmetrical, 1.4 times as long as carapace, glabrous. Merus subcylindrical, about 3.3 times as long as wide, covered with pearly granules of various sizes except for distal one-third of upper surface and distal two-thirds of lower surfaces where granules almost absent. Carpus short, cup-shaped, inner surface concave; upper inner margin with row of small granules, but otherwise almost smooth. Palm compressed, 2.0 times as long as wide, slightly arcuate on outer (extensor) margin, inner (flexor) margin slightly sinuous; upper surface almost smooth, lower surface with scattered punctae; fixed finger slightly deflexed, nearly straight, terminating in slightly curved, blunt tip; dactylus 0.8 times as long as palm, terminating in slightly curved, blunt tip; both occlusal margins meeting in distal 0.4 and forming oval hiatus in proximal 0.6, each with few, low teeth proximally. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 2) slender, glabrous, similar in shape, gradually decreasing in length from first to fourth; each merus cylindrical; each carpus as long as or shorter than propodus; propodus somewhat compressed; each dactylus flattened, slightly curved, tapering distally to minute corneous claw, subequal in length to carpus and propodus combined. Pleon (Fig. 3H) elongate-triangular, gently curved sternally. Somites 1 and 2 very short, transversely linear. Main fused section consisting of somites 3���6 elongate trapezoidal, slightly constricted at proximal one third; trace of sutures between somites 3/4 and 5/6 still discernible along lateral margin; surface with scattered punctae. Somite 6 with trace of tubercle somewhat proximal to distal margin. Telson elongate-triangular, 1.7 times as long as wide. Gonopod 1 (Fig. 3I, J) slender, sinuously curved, gradually tapering, slightly twisted, reaching nearly to suture between thoracic sternites 3/4, deeply bifurcate at distal 0.3; proximal part well calcified, distal branches chitinous; inner branch slightly longer than outer branch, each branch terminating in acute tip. Gonopod 2 (Fig. 3K) 0.4 times as long as gonopod 1, slightly curved; proximal part expanded; distal 0.8 slender, not tapering, tip simple, rounded. Immature males. Generally similar to adult male. Carapace (Fig. 1A) 1.11���1.16 times as long as wide. Females. Carapace (Figs. 1C, 4A) 1.10���1.12 times as long as wide. Front slightly less produced than in males. Exposed lateral part of thoracic sternum very narrow, smooth, forming outer wall of deeply excavated sternopleonal cavity; sutures between sternites 4/5, 5/6, 6/7 and 7/8 distinct; sternites 1���3 fused, deeply depressed below to accommodate telson. Sternopleonal cavity (Fig. 4B) circular in outline, margins distinctly delimited; sutures between sternites 4/5, 5/6, 6/7, and 7/8 widely interrupted medially; median suture absent; sternite 4 large, occupying anterior half of sternopleonal cavity, with scattered short, occasionally feathered, setae. Vulvae (Fig. 4B, C) small, located just posterior to mesial end of suture between sternites 5/6, outline generally semicircular, outer margin produced toward mesial into rounded lobe. Cheliped (Fig. 1C, D) slightly slender than that of males; palm (Fig. 4D) 2.0 times as long as wide; occlusal margins of fingers without conspicuous teeth proximal to meeting point. Pleon of adults (Fig. 4C) broad, dome-like; somites 1 and 2 short, transversely band-shaped, somite 2 about twice longer than somite 1; main fused section (somites 3���6) ovoid, no trace of sutures. Telson small, subsemicircular, exceeding beyond anterior margin of thoracic sternite 3. Colour in life. Not known. Distribution and habitat. Originally described from Singapore; now newly recorded from Phuket (Thailand), Bohol (Philippines) and Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Islands (Japan); intertidal to shallow subtidal. Specimens from the Ryukyu Islands and Phuket were collected from intertidal sea grass beds formed on sand flats. The holotype male was collected from sandy intertidal areas at the edge of a coral reef near patches of seagrass. Remarks. As noted above, the type series of Pseudophilyra punctulata consists only of two immature specimens (Fig. 1). The holotype is a male, but the gonopods are not fully developed. The paratype is a female, but the pleon is narrowly triangular (Fig. 1D), indicating that it is also immature. The immature specimens from Phuket (CBM-ZC 8 323) and Panglao (ZRC 2018.0257) are very similar to the type specimens. The adult male specimen from Phuket, Thailand (CBM-ZC 12912), collected from the same locality as the four immature specimens (CBM-ZC 8323) enables us to assess adult male characters, including the gonopod 1 morphology. This species characteristically has a deeply bifurcate distal part of the gonopod 1, and this character is also seen in P. parilis n. sp. and P. tridentata among known congeners (see account of P. parilis n. sp.). Chen & Ng (2003) compared P. punctulata mainly with P. intermedia but the male gonopod 1 structure is quite different between the two species. In P. intermedia, the gonopod 1 is strongly twisted and terminates in a simple, slender process, and is never as deeply bifurcate as in P. punctulata (cf. Komatsu & Takeda 2000: fig. 2k). In addition, P. punctulata differs from P. intermedia in the better developed frontal median tooth of the carapace, and the median tubercle on the male pleomere 6 is reduced to a trace. In male P. intermedia, there is a distinct tubercle on the pleomere 6 (cf. Komatsu & Takeda 2000: fig. 4j). Differentiating characters between P. punctulata, P. tridentata and P. parilis n. sp. are discussed under the account of P. parilis n. sp., Published as part of Komai, Tomoyuki, Shimetsugu, Miho & Ng, Peter K. L., 2019, Redescription and new records of a poorly known leucosiid crab, Pseudophilyra punctulata Chen & Ng, 2003, and description of a new species of Pseudophilyra from Japan (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), pp. 251-267 in Zootaxa 4550 (2) on pages 253-258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/2625331, {"references":["Chen, H. - L. & Ng, P. K. L. (2003) On new species of Leucosiidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from Singapore and the South China Sea. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 51, 61 - 69.","Ng, P. K. L., Guinot, D & Davie, P. J. F. (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement, 17, 1 - 286.","Komatsu, H. & Takeda, M. (2000) Leucosiid crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Osumi Islands, southwest Japan, with description of a new species of Cryptocnemus. Species Diversity, 5, 267 - 283. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 5.267"]}

Pseudophilyra parilis n. sp. [New Japanese name: Hamabe-kobushi-modoki] (Figs. 5–8) Material examined. Holotype: CBM-ZC 14485, 1 male (7.2× 6.2 mm), Maehama Beach, Funakoshi, Daiou-cho, Shima, Mie Prefecture, 34°16.11’N, 136°52.11’E, intertidal, sand, 23 July 2013, coll. S. Kimura. Paratype: ZRC 2018.0258, 1 male (6.5× 5.6 mm), same data as holotype; ZRC 2018.0259, 1 female (8.1× 7.4 mm), 1 immature female (6.0× 5.4 mm), same locality, 21 August 2013, coll. S. Kimura; CBM-ZC 14486, 1 male (7.3× 6.3 mm), 1 female (7.9× 7.3 mm), same locality, 26 August 2017, coll. M. Shimetsugu; CBM-ZC 14487, 1 male (7.0× 6.2 mm), 1 female (9.5× 8.8 mm), same locality, 8 September 2017, coll. S. Kimura; CBM-ZC 15184, 1 female (7.7× 6.9 mm), Saino, Shirahama, Wakayama Prefecture, 33°39.21’N, 135°21.49’E, intertidal, 1 June 2018, coll. S. Kimura. Description. Holotype male. Carapace (Figs. 5, 6A) subpyriform in general outline, 1.15 times as long as wide; dorsal surface convex, glabrous, coarsely punctate. Front (Fig. 6B) weakly produced anteriorly, anterior margin trilobate, median lobe subsemicircular, projecting anteriorly, distinctly exceeding lateral teeth; lateral lobe (inner orbital lobe) blunt, not particularly produced. Orbits small; supraorbital margin strongly oblique, with short, blunt lateral tooth demarcated mesially by deep, narrow longitudinal suture; bilobed anterior margin of efferent branchial channel forming lower orbital margin, inner angle acutely pointed. Hepatic region slightly inflated, forming low, dome-like elevation. Mesogastric region with obsolescent median ridge, shallowly depressed on both sides of ridge. Lateral to posterior margins keel-like, bordered with relatively coarse granules (Fig. 6C), with low convexity just below hepatic region (pterygostomial margin); posterior margin bi-keeled, both nearly straight. Eyestalks (Fig. 6B) retractable, subcylindrical, mesial side protruding into minute blunt distal tubercle exceeding cornea. Antennular fossa continuous with orbit, partially sealed by basal plate on antennule; antennules folded slightly obliquely within fossa. Antenna very small, inserted between antennular fossa and orbit. Thoracic sternum glabrous. Sternite 3 (Fig. 6D) subtriangular, anterior margin produced anteriorly with subacute median point, surface slightly depressed medially. Sternite 4 (Fig. 6D) largest, anterior and lateral margins coarsely granular, otherwise with sparse granules and few punctae. Sternites 5–8 becoming smaller toward posterior, surfaces with few punctae. Episternite 4 clearly demarcated from sternite 4; episternites 5–8 each with shallowly concave outer margin. Sternopleonal cavity deep, extending onto posterior part of thoracic sternite 3, margins on sternite 4, corresponding to pleomere 6 and telson, bordered with coarse granules Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 6E) almost flat, outer surface with scattered punctae. Ischium subrectangular, distinctly longer than wide; merus triangular, tapering distally to subacute tip, subequal in length to ischium measured along mesial margin; lateral margin of ischium and merus minutely beaded. Exopod with distal article spatuliform, lateral margin minutely beaded. Chelipeds (Figs. 5, 6F, G) symmetrical, 1.5 times as long as carapace, glabrous. Merus subcylindrical, about 3.0 times as long as wide, covered with pearly granules of various sizes except for distal one-third of upper surface and distal two-thirds of lower surfaces where granules almost absent carpus. Carpus short, cup-shaped, inner surface concave; upper inner margin with row of small granules, but otherwise almost smooth. Palm compressed, 1.9 times as long as wide, slightly sinuous on outer (extensor) margin, inner (flexor) margin also slightly sinuous; upper surface almost smooth, lower surface with scattered punctae; fixed finger weakly deflexed, nearly straight, terminating in slightly curved, blunt tip; dactylus 0.7 times as long as palm, terminating in slightly curved, blunt tip; both occlusal margins meeting in distal half and forming oval hiatus in proximal half, each without conspicuous teeth. Ambulatory legs (Figs. 5, 6H) slender, glabrous, similar in shape, gradually decreasing in length from first to fourth; each merus cylindrical; each carpus as long as or shorter than propodus; propodus somewhat compressed; each dactylus flattened, slightly curved, tapering distally to minute corneous claw, subequal in length to carpus and propodus combined. Pleon (Fig. 6I) elongate-triangular, gently curved sternally. Somites 1 and 2 very short, transversely linear. Main fused section consisting of somites 3–6 elongate trapezoidal, outer surface with scattered punctae; trace of suture between somites 4 and 5 still discernible; proximolateral margin of fused somite 3 and 4 slightly expanded, lateral margin with low convexity medially. Somite 6 with trace of median tubercle somewhat proximal to distal margin; lateral margin with low convexity at proximal 0.2. Telson elongate-triangular, 1.9 times as long as wide. Gonopod 1 (Fig. 6J, K) slender, slightly sinuously curved (distal half nearly straight except for outwardly curved distal part), gradually tapering, reaching nearly to suture between thoracic sternites 3/4, deeply bifurcate at distal 0.3; branches subequal in length, each terminating in acute tip. Gonopod 2 (Fig. 6L) about 0.3 length of gonopod 1, gently curved, proximal part slightly expanded; distal part unequally bilobed, terminal lobe bluntly pointed. Paratype males. Agree well with holotype male. Carapace 1.13–1.15 times as long as wide. Chelipeds 1.4–1.5 times as long as carapace. Female. Carapace (Fig. 7A) 1.08–1.10 times as long as wide. Front relatively slightly less produced than in males. Exposed lateral part of thoracic sternum very narrow (Fig. 8D), smooth, forming outer wall of deeply excavated sternopleonal cavity; sutures between sternites 4/5, 5/6, 6/7 and 7/8 distinct; sternites 1–3 fused, deeply depressed below to accommodate telson. Sternopleonal cavity (Fig. 7B) circular in outline, margins distinctly delimited; sutures between sternites 4/5, 5/6, 6/7, and 7/8 widely interrupted medially; median suture absent; sternite 4 large, occupying anterior half of sternopleonal concavity, with scattered short, occasionally feathered, setae. Vulvae (Fig. 7B, C) small, located just posterior to mesial end of suture between sternites 5/6, outline circular, without protrusion on outer margin. Cheliped slightly slender than that of males, 1.3 times as long as carapace; palm 2.2 times as long as wide; occlusal margins of fingers of cheliped without conspicuous teeth proximal to meeting point (Fig. 7D). Pleon (Fig. 7E) broad, dome-like; somites 1 and 2 short, transversely band-shaped, somite 2 about twice longer than somite 1; main fused section (somites 3–6) ovoid, no trace of sutures. Telson (damaged in illustrated specimen) small, subsemicircular, exceeding beyond anterior margin of thoracic sternite 3. Colour in life. See Fig. 8. Carapace generally gray or gray-brown, sometimes with irregular blotches of white. Thoracic sternum and pleon entirely white. Cheliped with large gray or gray-brown patches on dorsal surface of merus and palm; fingers with tint of light brown on dorsal surface; ventral surface overall white. Ambulatory legs generally white, with spots of gray or brown on meri, carpi and propodi. Distribution. Presently known only from the type locality, Funakoshi, Daiou-cho, Shima, Mie Prefecture, Japan; intertidal to shallow subtidal sand bottom. Remarks. Pseudophilyra parilis n. sp. closely resembles P. punctulata in the general shape and ornamentation of the carapace, the structure of the cheliped and the deeply bifurcate distal part of the male gonopod 1. The new species differs from P. punctulata in the coarser granules bordering the carapace lateral margins (Fig. 6C versus Fig. 3C) and the less curved distal part of the male gonopod 1 (Fig. 6J, K versus Fig. 3I, J). The other potentially useful characters are: in males, the sternite 4 is more strongly granular in P. parilis n. sp. than in P. punctulata (Fig. 6D versus Fig. 3D); the surface of the fused part of the pleon is more strongly punctate in P. parilis n. sp. than in P. punctulata (Fig. 6I versus Fig. 3H); and the outer margin of the female vulva is straight in P. parilis n. sp., rather than forming a rounded protrusion in P. punctulata. Pseudophilyra tridentata was originally described from Japan on the basis of a female holotype, and has been recorded from various Indo-West Pacific localities (Alcock 1896; Calman 1900; Laurie 1906; Rathbun 1910; Balss 1916, 1922; Stephensen 1946; Tyndale-Biscoe & George 1962; Campbell & Stephenson 1970). Komatsu & Takeda (2000) presented a redescription of the holotype, and clarified that previous records of P. tridentata by Sakai (1937, 1976) actually represent P. intermedia instead. It is likely that those records outside Japan contain species other than P. tridentata. For example, the male first gonopods illustrated by Stephensen (1946) from the Persian Gulf and Tyndale-Biscoe & George (1962) from Australia appear to be different: Stephensen’s (1946: fig. 9D) illustration shows a simple distal part, whereas Tyndale-Biscoe & George (1962: 87, fig. 7.6) specifically mentioned that “Distal third divided into two by deep cleft”. We examined Japanese specimens undoubtedly identified with P. tridentata, as well as the redescription of the holotype by Komatsu & Takeda (2000), for comparison with the new species and P. punctulata. Unfortunately, no adult male specimens of P. tridentata were available for examination, but in one immature male specimen, although the gonopod 1 was not fully developed, the distal part was already bifurcate. It can thus be assumed that P. tridentata also has a distally bifurcate gonopod 1, like P. parilis n. sp. and P. punctulata. Nevertheless, P. tridentata differs from the latter two species in many features: the frontal part of the carapace is more strongly produced with a proportionately narrower frontal margin in P. tridentata (Fig. 10A, C) than in the latter two species (Figs 3A, 6A); the lateral lobes on the frontal margin are distinctly produced in P. tridentata (Fig. 10D) (not produced in P. punctulata and P. parilis n. sp.; Figs. 3B, 6B); the carapace dorsal surface is relatively smoother and less punctate in P. tridentata (Fig. 9) than in P. punctulata (Fig. 2) and P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 5); the mesogastric median ridge and hepatic elevations on the carapace are more prominent in P. tridentata (Fig. 10A, C) than in P. punctulata (Fig. 3A) and P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 6A); the lateral margin of the carapace is nearly smooth or microscopically granular in P. tridentata (Fig. 10B), rather than moderately granular (P. punctulata; Fig. 3C) or coarsely granular (P. parilis n. sp.; Fig. 6C); the male thoracic sternite 4 is finely granular anterolaterally in P. tridentata (Fig. 10E), whereas it is more coarsely granular in P. punctulata (Fig. 3D) and P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 6D); and the cheliped palm is more robust in P. tridentata (Fig. 10F, G) than in P. punctulata (Figs. 3F, G, 4B) and P. parilis n. sp. (Figs. 6F, B, 7B) (1.8 times as long as wide in P. tridentata versus 2.0–2.2 times as long as wide in the latter two species). Furthermore, P. tridentata seems to be restricted to subtidal depths below 40 m, whereas P. punctulata and P. parilis n. sp. occur in intertidal to shallow subtidal depths. It may be interesting to mention that the episternites 4 are partially fused to the thoracic sternite 4 in the adult male of P. punctulata (Fig. 3D), whereas they are fully separated from the thoracic sternite 4 in the adult males of P. parilis n. sp. (Fig. 6D). The significance of this character should be reassessed when more adult male specimens become available for examination. Etymology. From the Latin “ parilis ” (adj., similar), in reference to the close similarity of the new species to Pseudophilyra punctulata.

Genus Persephona Leach, 1817 TYPE SPECIES. ��� Persephona latreillei Leach, 1817, by subsequent designation of Rathbun (1922)., Published as part of Oss��, ��lex, Kendrew, Eric & Luque, Javier, 2018, New occurrences of crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura, Eubrachyura) in the Pliocene of Florida (United States), pp. 549-556 in Geodiversitas 40 (24) on page 550, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a24, http://zenodo.org/record/5745558, {"references":["LEACH W. E. 1817. - Monograph on the genera and species of the malacostracous family Leucosidea, in LEACH W. E. (ed), The Zoological Miscellany; being Descriptions of New, or Interesting Animals. Vol. 3. E. Nodder and Son, Covent Garden and London: 17 - 26. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 28686840","RATHBUN M. J. 1922. - Opinions rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 73 (1)."]}

Parilia alcocki Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, B, 5 A–C, 6A, 7A, B, 8A–D, 9A, B) Parilia alcocki Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891: 264; Wood-Mason, 1892: pl. 5 fig. 3, 3a; Alcock & Anderson, 1894: 177; Alcock, 1896: 198; Alcock, 1899: 28, pl. 4 fig. 1; Tirmizi & Serène, 1971: 30, text fig. 4 fig. 1; Tirmizi & Serène, 1971: 30, text fig. 4; Ng et al., 2008: 92; Krishnamoorthy, 2009: 2; Huys et al., 2014: 16; Lakshimi Pillai et al., 2013: 72, unnumbered colour figure; Prema et al., 2018: 112, figs. 1, 2, 4A–D, F, 5A–G. Parilia (sic) alcocki – Lloyd, 1907: 3. Material examined. 14 males (largest 70.6 × 52.2 mm, smallest 43.0 × 36.5 mm), 10 ovigerous females (largest 47.4 × 38.8 mm, smallest 41.2 × 34.4 mm) (CASAU), 1 male (66.1 × 57.4 mm), 2 ovigerous females (45.2 × 37.0 mm, 41.5 × 35.6 mm) (ZRC 2017.215), Pazhayar fish landing center, 11°21′30.28″N 79°49′39.83″E, Tamil Nadu, southeast India, 549 m, coll. M. Prema, 14 March 2017; 1 young male (24.8 × 23.4 mm) (ZRC 2017.216), fishing port, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, Southeast India, coll. A.B. Kumar et al., March 2017. Diagnosis. Carapace transversely subovate (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A); dorsal surface covered with numerous small granules (Fig. 3A); branchial regions prominently swollen laterally and dorsally (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A); surface of carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs smooth or covered with small tubercles and granules; adult cephalothorax box-like in frontal view (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 6A); frontal region set back such that part of buccal cavity and third maxillipeds visible in dorsal view, frontal lobes distinctly triangular (Fig. 3A); exopod of third maxilliped in adult very broad, appears foliaceous (Figs. 4B, 5A, C); surfaces of chelipeds and ambulatory legs covered with small tubercles and granules (Figs. 1A, 2A, 6A); G1 very elongate, distal part prominently flared, subdistal lateral projection dorso-ventrally flattened (Fig. 8 A–C); female sternopleonal cavity with prominent projection between vulvae (Fig. 9B). Indian Ocean. Remarks. Prema et al. (2018) redescribed and figured this species at length and there is no need to elaborate on its taxonomy here. Parilia alcocki is distinct among congeners in possessing a transversely ovate carapace which is very swollen, and an exopod of the third maxilliped which is so broad in adults that it appears foliaceous. Distribution. Known from the east coast of India and Bay of Bengal (Wood-Mason & Alcock 1891; Wood-Mason, 1892; Alcock & Anderson, 1894; Alcock, 1896; Alcock, 1899; Huys et al., 2014; Krishnamoorthy, 2009; Lakshimi Pillai et al., 2013; Prema et al., 2018), Arabian Sea (Lloyd, 1907) including Pakistan (Tirmizi & Serène, 1971). The species occurs at depths between 128–457 m (Alcock, 1896, 1899; Lloyd, 1907; Prema et al., 2018)., Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L., Devi, Suvarna & Kumar, Appukuttannair Biju, 2018, The genus Parilia Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, with description of a new species and establishment of a new genus for P. tuberculata Sakai, 1961 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Leucosiidae), pp. 300-319 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66 on page 301, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4503189, {"references":["Wood-Mason J & Alcock A (1891) Natural History Notes from H. M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer \" Investigator \", Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding. No. 21. On the Results of the last Season's Deepsea Dredging. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, March 1891, (6) 7 (39): 258 - 272. [For an elaboration on the authorship of the taxa described in this series of papers, see HUYS et al., 2014.]","Wood-Mason J (1892) Illustrations of the Zoology of H. M. Indian Marine Surveying Steamer Investigator, under the command of Commander A. Carpenter, R. N., D. S. O., and of Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N. Part 1. Crustaceans, Plates I-V. Published under the Authority of the Director of the Royal Indian Marine. Calcutta: Printed and sold by the Superintendent of Government Printing. [see Clark & Crosnier, 1992, for dates of publication]","Tirmizi NM & Serene R (1971) The rediscovery of two species of crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) with observations on three other species from Pakistan. Crustaceana, 2: 21 - 32, pls. 1, 2.","Ng PKL, Guinot D & Davie PJF (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 17: 1 - 286.","Huys R, Low MEY, De Grave S, Ng PKL & Clark PF (2014) On two reports associated with James Wood-Mason and Alfred William Alcock published by the Indian Museum and the Indian Marine Survey between 1890 and 1891: implications for malacostracan nomenclature. Zootaxa, 3757 (1): 1 - 78.","Lakshimi Pillai S, Kizhakudanand JK & Thirumilu P (2013) Potential ornamental marine brachyuran crabs available of Chennai. Fishing Chimes, 33 (4): 70 - 73.","Prema M, Ravichandran S & Ng PKL (2018) Redescription of Parilia alcocki (Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Leucosiidae) from southeast India. Zootaxa, 4378 (1): 111 - 120.","Lloyd RE (1907) Contributions to the fauna of the Arabian Sea, with descriptions of new fishes and Crustacea. Records of the Indian Museum, 1: 1 - 12."]}

Parilia Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 Type species. Parilia alcocki Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, subsequent designation under Article 68.2.1 [ICZN, 1999]; gender feminine). Diagnosis. Carapace transversely subovate, ovate or longitudinally ovate; dorsal surface covered with small rounded granules or appearing smooth. Cardiac region with posteriorly directed spine; intestinal region with 2 spines. Exopod of third maxilliped very broad, much wider than ischium and merus, with outer margin strongly convex; coxa very wide, appearing almost semicircular, bracketing base of exopod. Suborbital region prominently compressed by expanded buccal cavity. Adult male chelipeds elongate, at least 3 times longer than carapace length; chela elongate, fingers distinctly shorter than palm, in large male individuals, fingers forming basal gape when closed. Male pleon with somites 1 and 2 free, somites 3–5 completely fused, somite 6 and telson free; surface of somite 6 smooth; telson triangular, subequal in length to somite 6. G1 elongate, slender, subdistal part bifurcated, longer subdistal lateral projection directed laterally inwards towards median of thoracic sternum; projections flared, forming distinct serrulate or denticulate flange. G2 distal segment as long as basal segment, with curved flagelliform tip. 1 Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Republic of Singapore; Email: peterng@nus.edu.sg (* corresponding author) 2 Department of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram – 695581, Kerala, India © National University of Singapore ISSN 2345-7600 (electronic) | ISSN 0217-2445 (print) Remarks. Parilia Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, is here restricted for three species, with P. tuberculata Sakai, 1961, referred to its own genus (see remarks for next genus). Parilia alcocki and P. major are the two largest leucosioids known in the world, with adults exceeding 70 mm in carapace width. Alcock (1899: 29) recorded males of P. alcocki 56 mm in carapace width with a largest male in the present study measuring 70.6 mm (CASAU). For P. major, Chen & Sun (2002: 366) recorded a large male 60.1 mm in carapace width while in the present material, there is a male measuring 70.0 mm (ZRC 2001.552). Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871, from the western Atlantic coast has been reported to grow to carapace widths of 65.0 mm and 68.0 mm by Rathbun (1937: 166) and Williams (1984: 287), respectively., Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L., Devi, Suvarna & Kumar, Appukuttannair Biju, 2018, The genus Parilia Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, with description of a new species and establishment of a new genus for P. tuberculata Sakai, 1961 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Leucosiidae), pp. 300-319 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66 on pages 300-301, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4503189, {"references":["Wood-Mason J & Alcock A (1891) Natural History Notes from H. M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer \" Investigator \", Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding. No. 21. On the Results of the last Season's Deepsea Dredging. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, March 1891, (6) 7 (39): 258 - 272. [For an elaboration on the authorship of the taxa described in this series of papers, see HUYS et al., 2014.]","Sakai T (1961) New species of Japanese crabs from the collection of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Crustaceana, 3 (2): 131 - 150, figs. 1 - 4, pls. 3, 4.","Stimpson W (1871) Brachyura. In: Preliminary Report on the Crustacea dredged in the Gulf Stream in the Straits of Florida, by L. F. de Pourtales, Assist. U. S. Coast Survey. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 2 (2): 109 - 160.","Rathbun MJ (1937) The oxystomatous and allied crabs of America. Bulletin of the U. S. National Museum, 166: i-vi, 1 - 278, pls. 1 - 86.","Williams AB (1984) Shrimps, Lobsters, and Crabs of the Atlantic Coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Smithsonian Institution Press, 550 pp."]}

Parilia ovata Chen, 1984 (Figs. 1C, 3C, 4E, F, 5F, 6C, 7E, F, 8 J–M) Parilia ovata Chen, 1984: 482, figs. 1–6; Chen, 1989: 235, text fig. 30d; Tan, 1996: 1048; Chen & Sun, 2002: 366, text fig. 163; Ng et al., 2008: 92. Myra anomala Zarenkov, 1990: 62, fig. 5. Material examined. 1 male (31.6 × 43.3 mm) (ZRC 2017.219), northwestern Panglao, Bohol, Philippines, coll. J. Arbasto, 2006. Diagnosis. Carapace longitudinally ovate (Figs. 1C, 3C); dorsal surface smooth (Fig. 3C); branchial regions not swollen laterally and dorsally, lateral margin of carapace entire, smooth (Fig. 3C); dome-shape in frontal view (Fig. 4E); frontal region protruding prominently anteriorly with buccal cavity and third maxillipeds not visible in dorsal view, frontal lobes rounded (Fig. 3C); cardiac spine very long (Fig. 3C); outer surface of third maxillipeds smooth (Figs. 4E, F, 5F); exopod of third maxilliped in adult broad but not foliaceous (Fig. 5F); surfaces of ambulatory legs and chelipeds completely smooth (Figs. 1C, 6C); G1 proportionately shorter, distal part flared, subdistal lateral projection large, very wide, fan-like, laterally flattened (Fig. 8 J–L); female sternopleonal cavity condition not known. South China Sea and Philippines. Remarks. This is not a common species, with only a few records. The original description was by Chen (1984) from one male and one female specimens from 173 m in the South China Sea, with a subsequent record of a juvenile from the Philippines by Tan (1996). We here confirm the record from the Philippines with the discovery of an adult male from Bohol. Zarenkov (1990) described Myra anomala from one small juvenile male 12.3 mm in carapace length from Tonkin Bay in northern Vietnam at a depth of 180 m. Galil (2001: 414) noted that this species “does not belong within Myra, as the male abdomen is depicted with an articulate sixth segment.” All Myra species have male pleonal somite 6 completely fused with somite 5 and their G1 structures are very different (Galil, 2001). Galil (2001), however, did not reassign Myra anomala to another genus. Ng et al. (2008) synonymised Myra anomala Zarenkov, 1990, under Parilia ovata Chen, 1984, without comment. From Zarenkov’s (1990: 62, fig. 5-5–10) description and figures, Myra anomala is almost certainly a junior synonym of P. ovata. The carapace of M. anomala (cf. Zarenkov, 1990: fig. 5-5) resembles that of P. ovata (Fig. 3C) except that the lateral tubercles are relatively more prominent which is expected of a juvenile specimen. The exopod of the third maxilliped of M. anomala (Zarenkov, 1990: fig. 5-9) is not as wide as that of the adult (Fig. 5F) but this has also been observed for juvenile P. alcocki in which the structure is proportionately more slender (see earlier). The male pleon of M. anomala has the shape of typical Parilia, with somite 6 and telson free and the surfaces unarmed (Zarenkov, 1990: fig. 5-10); and the fingers of the chela are shorter than the palm (Zarenkov, 1990: fig. 5-7). The G1 of M. anomala is that of a juvenile, being not distinctly elongate, and the subdistal part appears to be damaged, although it appears that there was a lateral projection at that junction (Zarenkov, 1990: fig. 5-6). Distribution. Parilia ovata was described from the South China Sea (Chen, 1984; Chen & Sun, 2002) but has also been reported from the Philippines (Tan, 1996) and northern Vietnam (Zarenkov, 1990, as Myra anomala). The few specimens of this species have been found at depths between 173–230 m (Chen, 1984; Zarenkov, 1990)., Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L., Devi, Suvarna & Kumar, Appukuttannair Biju, 2018, The genus Parilia Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, with description of a new species and establishment of a new genus for P. tuberculata Sakai, 1961 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Leucosiidae), pp. 300-319 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66 on pages 302-304, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4503189, {"references":["Tan CGS (1996) Leucosiidae of the Albatross expedition to the Philippines, 1907 - 1910 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Decapoda). Journal of Natural History, 30 (7): 1021 - 1058, figs. 1 - 8.","Ng PKL, Guinot D & Davie PJF (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 17: 1 - 286.","Wood-Mason J & Alcock A (1891) Natural History Notes from H. M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer \" Investigator \", Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding. No. 21. On the Results of the last Season's Deepsea Dredging. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, March 1891, (6) 7 (39): 258 - 272. [For an elaboration on the authorship of the taxa described in this series of papers, see HUYS et al., 2014.]","Sakai T (1961) New species of Japanese crabs from the collection of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Crustaceana, 3 (2): 131 - 150, figs. 1 - 4, pls. 3, 4.","PariliaInvestigator Galil BS (2001) A revision of Myra Leach, 1817 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Leucosioidea). Zoologische Mededelingen, 75 (24): 409 - 446, figs. 1 - 19. Galil BS (2003) Four new genera of leucosiid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) for three new species and nine species previously in the genus Randallia Stimpson, 1857, with a redescription of the type species, R. ornata (Randall, 1939). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 116 (2): 395 - 422."]}

Neparilia, new genus Diagnosis. Carapace ovate; dorsal surface covered large rounded tubercles and granules. Cardiac region with low rounded tubercle; intestinal region with 2 short spines. Exopod of third maxilliped broad, distinctly wider than ischium and merus, with outer margin strongly convex; coxa wide, not semicircular in shape, not bracketing base of exopod. Suborbital region prominently compressed by expanded buccal cavity. Adult male chelipeds about 2 times longer than carapace length; chela not elongate, fingers longer than palm, in large male individuals, closing tightly. Male pleon with somites 1 and 2 free, somites 3–5 completely fused, somite 6 separated from somite 5 by suture but immobile, telson free; distal and proximal surfaces of somite 6 each with a distinct cup-shaped tubercle, that on distal part larger; telson elongate, linguiform, longer than somite 6. G1 slender, distal part tapering without lateral projection or flanges. G2 distal segment as long as basal segment, with curved flagelliform tip. Type species. Parilia tuberculata Sakai, 1961, by monotypy and present designation. Etymology. From the Latin “ne-” for not, alluding to the present realisation that the type species is not a member of Parilia. Gender feminine. Remarks. Sakai (1961) placed this species in Parilia because it possessed a very broad exopod of the third maxilliped. It is, however, not possible to retain P. tuberculata in Parilia because the coxa of the third maxilliped is not substantially laterally expanded or semicircular (Figs. 10C, 11B) (vs. coxa prominently expanded laterally, appearing semicircular in Parilia; Figs. 4, 5); the adult male chelipeds are relatively short (about 2 times carapace length), the chela are not elongate with the fingers longer than the palm (Figs. 10A, 11G) (vs. adult male chelipeds more than 3 times longer than carapace length, chela prominently elongate with fingers much shorter than palm in Parilia; Figs. 1, 6); the surfaces of the ambulatory meri are covered with short, sharp spines (Figs. 10A, 11C, D) (vs. surface of ambulatory meri smooth or covered with granules, never spiniform in Parilia; Figs. 1, 2); the male pleonal somites 5 and 6 are functionally fused even though there is a distinct suture separating them and somite 6 has a cup-like tubercle on both the distal and proximal surfaces, with the distal one more prominent (Fig. 11C, E, F) (vs. male pleonal somites 5 and 6 mobile, surface of somite 6 smooth in Parilia; Fig. 7A, C, E, G); the male telson is linguiform and much longer than somite 6 (Fig. 11C, E) (vs. telson triangular, subequal in length to somite 6 in Parilia; Fig. 7A, C, E, G); and the G1 is straight, without a subdistal lateral projection, not flared and lacks serrulate flanges distally (Fig. 12 A–C) (vs. distal part of G1 bifurcated, with prominent lateral projection, each projection fared with serrulate or denticulate flanges in Parilia; Fig. 8 A–C, E–H, J–L, N–R). The carapace and general external features of Neparilia resemble Galilia Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007 (type species Galilia narusei Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007), but several features easily distinguish them. In Galilia, the exopod of the third maxilliped is transversely narrower than the endopod (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 2E; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: figs. 19B, 21A) (vs. exopod is distinctly broader than the endopod in Neparilia; Figs. 10C, 11B); the intestinal region has two large rounded tubercles (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 2F; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: fig. 19A, C) (vs. intestinal region with two short spines in Neparilia; Figs. 10B, 11D); the fingers of the chela are shorter than the palm (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 3D–F; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: fig. 20A) (vs. fingers distinctly longer than the palm in Neparilia; Fig. 11G); the male telson is prominently elongate with the male sternopleonal cavity reaching to the suture between thoracic sternites 2 and 3 (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 3A, B; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: figs. 19F, 21B) (vs. male telson proportionately shorter and the male sternopleonal cavity reaches only to the midpoint of sternite 3 in Neparilia; Fig. 11C, E); the surface of male pleonal somite 6 has a truncate tubercle on the distal margin (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 3A, B; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: fig. 19F) (vs. the surface has a cup-like tubercle on both the proximal and distal surfaces in Neparilia; Fig. 11C, E); male pleonal somites 5 and 6 are completely fused, separated at most by a shallow suture (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 3A; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: fig. 19F) (vs. somites 5 and 6 are free and separated by a deep suture in Neparilia; Fig. 11C, E); and the distal third of the G1 is prominently bent (Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007: fig. 4G, H; Komai & Tsuchida, 2014: fig. 21C, D; Shih et al., 2013: fig. 3A, B) (vs. G1 straight in Neparilia; Fig. 12 A–C). Neparilia also superficially resembles Urashima Galil, 2003 (type species Randallia pustuloides Sakai, 1961) (Fig. 14A), but in Urashima, the third maxilliped has the exopod only slightly broader than the exopod (Fig. 14C, D); the fingers of the chela are shorter than the palm (Fig. 14G; Sakai, 1961: pl. 3 fig. 4; Sakai, 1976: pl. 30 fig. 1; Galil, 2003: fig. 2E, F; Tan et al., 2000: fig. 3b) (vs. fingers distinctly longer than the palm in Neparilia; Fig. 11G); the surface of male pleonal somite 6 has a spine on the distal margin (Fig. 14E; Galil, 2003: 416); and male pleonal somites 5 and 6 are completely fused (Fig. 14F; Galil, 2003: 416). While the G1s of the two genera are superficially similar in general shape, that of Urashima has the distal quarter distinctly chitinised and spatuliform (Fig. 15 A–D) (vs. the distal part is not chitinised and conical in Neparilia; Fig. 12 A–C).

Parilia pattersoni, new species (Figs. 1D, 2C, 3D, 4G, H, 5 G–I, 6D, 7G, H, 8N–S, 9E, F) Parilia alcocki – Doflein, 1904: 44, pl. 14 figs. 8, 9 (not Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891). Parilia major – Vidhya et al., 2017: 2334 (not Sakai, 1961). Material examined. Holotype: male (53.0 × 52.6 mm) (DABFUK), Tuticorin fishing port, Tamil Nadu, southeastern India, coll. A.B. Kumar et al., March 2017. Paratypes: 2 males (47.7 × 48.6 mm, 72.5 × 69.8 mm), same data as holotype; 3 males (64.4 × 63.5 mm, 54.1 × 53.8 mm, 50.0 × 49.4 mm), 2 females (58.2 × 55.8 mm, 52.6 × 54.0 mm, 51.0× 51.7 mm, 46.0 × 45.7 mm) (DABFUK), same location as holotype, coll. R. Ravinesh, February 2017. Diagnosis. Carapace globose (Figs. 1D, 2C, 3D); dorsal surface covered with numerous small granules (Fig. 3D); branchial regions not distinctly swollen laterally and dorsally, lateral margin of carapace covered with small granules (Fig. 3D); dome-shape in frontal view (Fig. 4G); frontal region protruding anteriorly with buccal cavity and third maxillipeds not visible in dorsal view, frontal lobes distinctly triangular (Fig. 3D); outer surface of third maxillipeds covered with numerous small granules (Figs. 4G, H, 5 G–I); exopod of third maxilliped in adult broad but not foliaceous (Fig. 5 G–I); surfaces of ambulatory legs and chelipeds covered with numerous distinct small sharp tubercles and granules (Figs. 1D, 2C, 6D); G1 very elongate, distal part flared, subdistal lateral projection dorso-ventrally flattened (Fig. 8 N–R); female sternopleonal cavity without projection between vulvae (Fig. 9F). Description of adult male. Carapace almost globose, slightly longer than broad; surface covered with numerous small but clearly visible granules (more prominent in large specimens); hepatic region adjacent to anterolateral margin not prominently swollen, just visible in dorsal view; gastric and branchial regions convex but not prominently swollen; dorsal surface evenly convex; oblique cervical groove very shallow, not clearly visible, with a shallow pit marking junction with gastric region; cardiac region swollen, with posteriorly directed tooth, separated from gastric and branchial regions by distinct sub-longitudinal grooves; gastro-cardiac groove distinct, separating cardiac and intestinal regions from swollen branchial regions, small rugose area present at junction of groove between anterior part of cardiac region and branchial region; low but visible median longitudinal ridge present from gastric to cardiac region; intestinal region low, pushed behind by swollen cardiac region, not well defined; carapace appears dome-like from frontal view (Figs. 1D, 3D, 4G). Antennae with short flagellum, not extending beyond orbit (Fig. 4G). Antennules folding obliquely (Fig. 4G). Orbit small, rounded; eye with short peduncle; supraorbital margin with 2 prominent fissures, inner one longer; suborbital margin with distinct low tooth on inner margin (Fig. 4G, H). Epistome wide, median part not projecting anteriorly, with deep median fissure; lateral part of epistome not visible from dorsal view; endostomial ridge strong, longitudinal (Fig. 4G, H). Frontal margin distinct, produced anteriorly, bilobed, with broadly triangular concavity separating broadly triangular lobes; most of ptergygostomial regions and epistome not visible in dorsal view (Figs. 1D, 3D). Anterior half of anterolateral margin relatively low, starting as low ridge of granules from supraorbital margin, becoming more prominently cristate and granular towards posterior half which has 2 or 3 low teeth, the last one most prominent (Figs. 1D, 3D). Pterygostomial region wide, not visible in dorsal view; anterior tooth adjacent to buccal cavity bilobed, separated from margin by cleft; posterior tooth before anterolateral margin low but distinct (Fig. 4G). Posterolateral margin strongly convex, entire except for tooth just before posterior carapace margin (Figs. 1D, 3D). Posterior carapace margin with 2 prominent lateral sharp teeth (Figs. 1D, 3D). Buccal cavity wide, about half width of carapace; not protruding anteriorly; third maxillipeds sloping in lateral view when closed (Fig. 4G, H). Third maxillipeds completely covering buccal space when closed; surfaces with numerous small but distinct granules; palp (carpus, propodus and dactylus) concealed behind merus when retracted, longer than merus; merus shorter than ischium, with triangular distal margin, lined with setae; ischium with very shallow submedian oblique sulcus; exopod very broad but not foliaceous, wider than ischium with outer margin strongly convex; main part of coxa deeply inserted into cephalothorax, external surface with wide, almost semicircular plate extending from base, bracketing base of wide exopod (Figs. 4H, 5 G–I). Surfaces of sub-orbital, pterygostomial, sub-hepatic and sub-branchial regions covered with distinct small granules; anterior margin of pterygostomial region subcristate; sub-branchial and ptergygostomial regions separated by distinct oblique groove (Fig. 4G, H). Chelipeds very long, slender, surfaces of merus, carpus and palm covered with numerous small distinct sharp granules; merus long, cylindrical; carpus short; palm subcylindrical, with distal part proportionately broader, elongated, at least twice length of carapace in largest specimens; palm more than 2.5 times length of slender fingers; dactylus gently curved; basal part of propodal finger slightly arched, forming just visible gape with dactylus when closed; cutting edges of fingers (occluding surfaces) with small teeth (Figs. 1D, 6D). Ambulatory legs long, slender; first leg longest, last leg shortest; surfaces of merus, carpus and propodus covered with small sharp granules; merus and propodus subcylindrical, not armed with spines or setae; dactylus gently curved, dorsoventrally flattened, each dorsal margin with dense row of setae, tip rounded (Fig. 1D). Thoracic sternum with surfaces almost smooth; sternites 1–4 completely fused, forming one plate without trace of sutures (Fig. 7G, H); sutures between sternites 4–8 medially interrupted; pleonal locking mechanism consisting of projecting edges of sternites 5–7, no trace of peg or tubercle on sternite 5. Sternopleonal cavity deep, reaching to just before groove separating thoracic sternites 2 and 3 (Fig. 7G). Small part of thoracic 8 exposed when pleon closed, visible as small plate at anterolateral edge of somite 3 (Fig. 7H). Penis tubular, exiting on condyle of coxa of fourth ambulatory leg. Pleon elongate, triangular, surface smooth; somites 1 and 2 free; somites 3–5 completely fused, with only short transverse median groove visible between somites 3 and 4, lateral margin sinuous; somite 3 widest, lateral margins reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory legs; somite 6 long, trapezoidal; telson acutely triangular (Fig. 7G, H). G1 elongate, basal part broadest, median and distal parts slender, tubular, gently curved from ventral view; distal part bifurcated, longer projection directed inwards towards median of thoracic sternum, distal part flared to form prominent dorso-ventrally flattened flange, margin of flange serrulate, shorter projection in line with rest of G1, distal part flared with denticulate margin on flange (Fig. 8 N–R). G2 short, distal segment as long as basal segment, with curved flagelliform tip (Fig. 8S). Female. Chelipeds relatively shorter (Fig. 2C). Pleon strongly convex, dome-like; somite 1 free, somites 2–6 functionally fused with sutures still visible, telson mobile; telson triangular with distinctly concave lateral margins; surface of somites smooth (Fig. 9E). Sternopleonal cavity large, deep, with prominent rim, completely covered by pleon; sutures separating thoracic sternites 4–8 all medially interrupted, median part of cavity smooth; vulvae on anterior edge of sternite 6, pushing into sternite 5, opening crescent-shaped, with narrow operculum, inner margin slightly raised (Fig. 9F). Eggs small, numerous, brown when fresh. Colour. Freshly caught, the adult carapace and chelipeds are pale whitish-orange with the ambulatory legs white. Etymology. The species is named after Edward J. K. Patterson, noted marine biologist and director of the Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India, who kindly hosted the authors during their work there. Remarks. Parilia pattersoni, new species, is morphologically closest to P. major but can easily be distinguished by having the surfaces of the ambulatory meri and chelipeds covered with distinct small granules and sharp tubercles (Figs. 1D, 2C, 6D) (vs. completely smooth in P. major; Figs. 1B, 2B, 6B); the dorsal carapace surface and margins are covered with small sharp granules (Figs. 3D, 4G) (vs. smooth to almost smooth with very small flattened granules in P. major; Figs. 3B, 4C); the surface of the pterygostomial and sub-branchial regions as well as the outer surface of third maxillipeds are covered with distinct small granules (Figs. 4G, H, 5 G–I) (vs. smooth or with very small, almost flattened granules in P. major; Figs. 4C, D, 5D, E); the outer surface of the chela in both sexes are distinctly covered with sharp granules (Fig. 6D) (vs. outer surface of chela completely smooth in P. major; Fig. 6B); the cardiac spine is proportionately shorter even in smaller specimens (Figs. 1D, 2C, 3D) (vs. spine always proportionately longer in P. major; Figs. 1B, 2B, 3B); and the lateral distal process of the G1 is relatively shorter (Fig. 8P, Q) (vs. relatively longer in P. major; Fig. 8F, G). Doflein (1904: 44, pl. 14 figs. 8, 9) recorded and figured a male specimen (without chelipeds) of “ Parilia alcocki ” from off the island of Nias in eastern Sumatra (incorrectly recorded as a female) and there have been doubts about its precise identity. Sakai (1961: 137) commented that the “ P. alcocki Doflein (nec Wood-Mason) may be a different species; the carapace of Doflein’s species seems to be circular in outline just as in the new species [P. major], but the merus and carpus of the pereiopods are spinulated along the posterior border.” Tirmizi & Serène (1971: 31) agreed but deferred acting on it; neither did Prema et al. (2018). It is clear from the figure in Doflein (1904: pl. 14 figs. 8, 9) that the carapace shape is quite different from that of P. alcocki s. str., being globose rather than transversely subovate. Doflein’s (1904) figures also show the carapace margins as lined with fine granules and the surfaces of the ambulatory meri covered with spinules; characters associated with P. pattersoni, new species, as defined here. Vidhya et al. (2017) listed Parilia major from the southeast coast of India but their record is probably also P. pattersoni as well. Distribution. Known thus far only from eastern India (present study) and western Sumatra in Indonesia (Doflein, 1904, as “ P. alcocki ”). Doflein’s (1904) specimen was from a depth of 141 m, and the present material was probably obtained from depths between 100– 300 m., Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L., Devi, Suvarna & Kumar, Appukuttannair Biju, 2018, The genus Parilia Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, with description of a new species and establishment of a new genus for P. tuberculata Sakai, 1961 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Leucosiidae), pp. 300-319 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66 on pages 305-309, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4503189, {"references":["Wood-Mason J & Alcock A (1891) Natural History Notes from H. M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer \" Investigator \", Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding. No. 21. On the Results of the last Season's Deepsea Dredging. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, March 1891, (6) 7 (39): 258 - 272. [For an elaboration on the authorship of the taxa described in this series of papers, see HUYS et al., 2014.]","Vidhya V, Jawahar P & Karuppasamy K (2017) Annotated check list of the brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Gulf of Mannar region, south east coast of India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5 (6): 2331 - 2336.","Sakai T (1961) New species of Japanese crabs from the collection of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Crustaceana, 3 (2): 131 - 150, figs. 1 - 4, pls. 3, 4.","Tirmizi NM & Serene R (1971) The rediscovery of two species of crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) with observations on three other species from Pakistan. Crustaceana, 2: 21 - 32, pls. 1, 2.","Prema M, Ravichandran S & Ng PKL (2018) Redescription of Parilia alcocki (Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Leucosiidae) from southeast India. Zootaxa, 4378 (1): 111 - 120."]}