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Background: Many previous papers have investigated most-cited articles or most productive authors in academics, but few have studied most-cited authors. Two challenges are faced in doing so, one of which is that some different authors will have the same name in the bibliometric data, and the second is that coauthors' contributions are different in the article byline. No study has dealt with the matter of duplicate names in bibliometric data. Although betweenness centrality (BC) is one of the most popular degrees of density in social network analysis (SNA), few have applied the BC algorithm to interpret a network's characteristics. A quantitative scheme must be used for calculating weighted author credits and then applying the metrics in comparison., Objective: This study aimed to apply the BC algorithm to examine possible identical names in a network and report the most-cited authors for a journal related to international mobile health (mHealth) research., Methods: We obtained 676 abstracts from Medline based on the keywords "JMIR mHealth and uHealth" (Journal) on June 30, 2018. The author names, countries/areas, and author-defined keywords were recorded. The BCs were then calculated for the following: (1) the most-cited authors displayed on Google Maps; (2) the geographical distribution of countries/areas for the first author; and (3) the keywords dispersed by BC and related to article topics in comparison on citation indices. Pajek software was used to yield the BC for each entity (or node). Bibliometric indices, including h-, g-, and x-indexes, the mean of core articles on g(Ag)=sum (citations on g-core/publications on g-core), and author impact factor (AIF), were applied., Results: We found that the most-cited author was Sherif M Badawy (from the United States), who had published six articles on JMIR mHealth and uHealth with high bibliometric indices (h=3; AIF=8.47; x=4.68; Ag=5.26). We also found that the two countries with the highest BC were the United States and the United Kingdom and that the two keyword clusters of mHealth and telemedicine earned the highest indices in comparison to other counterparts. All visual representations were successfully displayed on Google Maps., Conclusions: The most cited authors were selected using the authorship-weighted scheme (AWS), and the keywords of mHealth and telemedicine were more highly cited than other counterparts. The results on Google Maps are novel and unique as knowledge concept maps for understanding the feature of a journal. The research approaches used in this study (ie, BC and AWS) can be applied to other bibliometric analyses in the future., (©Wei-Chih Kan, Willy Chou, Tsair-Wei Chien, Yu-Tsen Yeh, Po-Hsin Chou. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 07.05.2020.)

The article is based on a Keynote Lecture at the 2022 Colloquium of the Society for Educational Studies. It analyses the articles published in four leading journals in 2021 and compares these with the same journals 20 years earlier. Key findings include a considerable increase in authorship and multiple authorship and a very strong international dimension to authorship in current UK-based journals. Two-thirds of the papers were empirical, and by far the most common type of research design was qualitative interview studies, often of a very small-scale nature. Aspects of the teaching profession were the most common form of content, and there was also a focus on social class and multi-cultural issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various articles on topics including ENT specialist training in the United Kingdom, providing valuable insights for aspiring ENT surgeons regarding portfolio building, competitiveness of the process, and strategies for success.

An introduction to this issue of this issue of "Journal of Advanced Nursing," in which the authors discuss contributions to JANForum, is presented.

This paper examines the linguistic resources adopted by pamphlet writers to express their stance and engage their readers during the so-called Irish paper war that preceded the 1800 Union between Great Britain and Ireland. The data (about 100,000 words) consists of 23 pamphlets divided, according to their position in the debate, into two sub-corpora of approximately the same number of words. My purpose in this paper is to investigate the communicative and rhetorical functionality of the linguistic features writers use to express their stance towards the union, with a view to determining how writers establish themselves as morally and intellectually authoritative in their texts. The analysis brings out the crucial role lexico-grammatical patterns play, but also demonstrates the need for a broader interactive perspective, in order to fully account for the dynamics of persuasive discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliometric study on researchers’ profile is important for gettings insights to research trends in Library and Information Science (LIS) or any other disciplines. Moreover, a study on a topic like this will enable library and information services to innovate better information support system to its users, especially the researchers for building stronger knowledge-based society. Hence, the present study aims to review the profile of researchers of the discipline of library and information science (LIS) across the USA, UK, and India, and study their research productions. The study will focus on PhD degree awarded in LIS between the year 2001 to 2010. The study aims to achieve some of the following objectives: evaluate their knowledge production which are based on their PhD research works, quantifying the research pattern, trends of publication, identify the most prolific authors and authorship pattern, and identify the degree of collaboration of researcher. This paper is a bibliometric study which can be used to conduct such analysis for interdisciplinary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Global health research partnerships, which promote the exchange of ideas, knowledge and expertise across countries, are considered key to addressing complex challenges facing health systems. Yet, many studies report inequalities in these partnerships, particularly in those between high and low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective: This paper examines global research collaborations on community health worker (CHW) programmes, specifically analysing the structures of authorship teams and networks in publications reporting research on CHW programmes in low-income countries (LICs). Methods: A sub-set of 206 indexed journal articles reporting on CHW programmes in LICs was purposefully selected from a prior review of research authorship on CHW programmes in all LMICs over a five year period (2012–2016). Data on country and primary organisational affiliation and number of publications for all individual authors, programme area (e.g. maternal child health) and total citations per paper were extracted and coded in excel spreadsheets. Data were then exported and analysed in Stata/ICV.14 and Gephi. Results: The 206 papers were authored by 1045 authors from 299 institutions, based in 43 countries. Half (50.1%) the authors came from LIC-based institutions, 43.8% from high-income country (HIC) institutions, 2.9% from middle-income country (MIC) institutions and 3.2% had different first affiliations in different publications. Authors based in the USA (302) and UK (68) accounted for just over a third (35.4%) of all authors. Partnership patterns revealed a primary mode of North–South collaboration with authors from the US, and to a lesser extent the UK, playing central bridging roles between institutions. Strong network clusters of multiple-affiliated authors were evident in research on MCH and HIV/TB aspects of CHW programmes. Conclusion: Knowledge production on CHW programmes in LICs flows predominantly through a pool of connected HIC authors and North–South collaborations. There is a need for strategies harnessing more diverse, including South–South, forms of partnership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on the findings of an international online survey of early career researchers (ECRs) with regard to their authorship and peer review, attitudes, and practices, which sought to discover how the new wave of researchers were utilizing these key aspects of the scholarly communications system. A questionnaire was developed on the back of a 3‐year longitudinal, qualitative study and was distributed through publisher lists, social media networks, university networks, and specialist ECR membership organizations. Identical English, Polish, Russian, Chinese, Spanish, and French versions of the questionnaire were used. Results from 1,600 respondents demonstrated that 82.7% had co‐authored a paper, and most had performed a variety of authorship tasks. Almost half the respondents reported being subject to various authorship policies, although a quarter said they were not aware of any such policies. Almost all Chinese ECRs reported being subject to authorship policies, but only a third of UK ECRs reported the same. Three‐quarters of ECRs had experience in responding to peer review, and half had been peer reviewers. Half the respondents had a good experience of review and viewed it as a valuable way to improve their authorship skills. However, there was some criticism of some shortcoming such as lengthy peer review and superficial or uninformed comments by reviewers. Double‐blind review was the preferred methodology, and there were few suggestions for how to improve the review process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conference paper about the author's insights on the 2007 British Education Leadership, Management and Administration Society (BELMAS) national conference is presented. Discussion and analysis of various data including authorship pattern, type of paper, and topics addressed are provided. The author believes that the 2007 conference has encouraged and facilitated intellectual exchanges and has enabled the organizers to identify areas for improvement.

There is a growing impetus, from university students and administrations, to decolonise the curriculum and develop diverse reading lists. Yet, there is limited theoretical or empirical analysis of the authorship of current reading lists to justify this imperative. The present study developed and applied a method for auditing the authorship on reading lists of two modules, one from science and one from social science, in a research-intensive British university. The paper explores whether these reading lists can be considered descriptively representative of the student body or scholarly community. The analysis of reading lists found empirical basis for concerns that university curricula are dominated by white, male and Eurocentric authors, with some exceptions. The reading lists did not represent the diverse local student body but came closer to representing the demographic profile of academic staff. To interpret these findings, the paper argues that reading lists have a role to play in decolonising our universities, and offer opportunities to critique and deconstruct disciplinary boundaries. Further research is required to explore student and staff views of reading lists and the meaning of diversity, to evaluate existing tools, and address barriers to decolonising our curricula on a global scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the major reforms and reviews of social work in the UK that followed the death of Baby P in 2007, significant attention has been paid to the relationship between social work and the media. The College of Social Work, established in 2012, has created a media centre, commissioned and published research into media ethics, and produced a media guide for social workers. Whilst The Munro Review of Child Protection explicitly addressed the responsibilities of politicians in relation to media stories about social work, there has been little detailed analysis of their role. This paper presents findings from research undertaken by the author involving the analysis of ‘moral talk’ in political and press accounts of the death of Baby P. I argue that politicians, in conjunction with the press, actively mobilised public anger towards social work through their responses. The paper further suggests that politicians and the press have a shared mutual interest in the co-authorship of ‘bad’ stories about social work. This paper is timely given the continuing impact of the social work reform agenda and the potential implications of the Leveson Inquiry into the culture, practice and ethics of the press in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to provide an objective means of identifying patterns in academic publication among ENT trainees during their higher surgical training., Method: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to ENT higher surgical trainees., Results: A total of 153 ENT specialty trainees participated, giving a response rate of 46.5 per cent. Across all years of training, the mean number of first author publications was three and the mean number of non-first author publications was two. For trainees at specialty trainee year 8 level, these figures were nine and five, respectively. Participants with doctoral degrees and those in academic programmes published more papers but the mean difference was only significant for the doctoral subgroup (p < 0.0001). Those with additional undergraduate degrees and those in less than full-time training had an overall lower number of publications., Conclusion: Participants in the current survey achieved a higher average number of academic publications than is presently required to successfully complete higher surgical training in ENT. It is hoped that these results act as a guide for trainees planning the research component of their training to ensure that they remain competitive at consultant interview.

The conversations surrounding ‘diversity’ in the Anglo-American book publishing industry have increased in recent years, and often centre around the lack of representation of publishing professionals, authors, and characters of colour. This paper contextualises these discussions within British YA, a market that has grown in popularity since 2006. Through an analysis of the corpus of all Young Adult fiction titles published, in the UK, during the 2006-2016 period, this paper will investigate what percentage of the titles were created by authors of colour; to determine whether this number has risen over the years, and to pinpoint any patterns and anomalies that emerge over the time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study which investigated the use of the Hirsch's (h)-index in measuring the quality of the output of health services researchers. Topics discussed include the increase in the h-index of qualitative researchers and statisticians, the calculation of pairwise Spearman's rank correlations for the number of publications, number of citations and 10-index and the results of a quantile regression to predict the median, 90th and 95th quantiles for h-index.

Objective: To assess the number of publications in peer-reviewed journals that are generated from the verbal presentations at the annual conference of the Craniofacial Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Design: A list of the verbal presentations (2000 to 2009) was obtained from the Craniofacial Society of Great Britain and Ireland website. Using a web-based PubMed search engine, a search was made using title, key words, and main authors. Main Outcome Measure: The primary outcome measure was the presentation's publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Secondary measures included specialty of the first author, the journal in which the article was published and its impact factor, and topic of the article. Results: Of 318 verbal presentations, 67 (21.07%) went on to be published in a peer-reviewed journal. By topic, 50.7% were surgical and 12% concerned speech. The first author was in the plastic surgical specialty in 29.9% and in either speech-language therapy or orthodontics in 17.9% each of papers. In addition, 50.7% of papers were published in the The Craniofacial-Cleft Palate Journal. The overall 2-year impact factor was 0.941. Mean lead time to publication was 29.02 months (range, 2 to 110 months). Conclusions: The publication rate is low in comparison with the rate of 44.5% given for all specialties in a Cochrane review in 2007. This may be related to the specialist nature of the subject matter or to the type of research presented at the conference and the difficulty in carrying out high-quality research on cleft lip and palate due to limited numbers and a long lead time to outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Publishing is central to the academic reward system. Contributorship issues loom large in this context. The need for fairness in authorship decisions is upheld in most collaborations, yet some collaborations are plagued by 'nightmare' issues ranging from inappropriate authorship credit to author order issues to exploitation of students and postdocs. This present work analyzes the mechanisms that researchers use for addressing problems in research collaboration and authorship. The data are derived from face-to-face, phone or Skype interviews with 60 university researchers. The extent to which author crediting decisions are explicitly or implicitly communicated and communicated in advance versus in the aftermath of the completion of research are central features in conflict resolution. Explicit approaches are associated with fields characterized by large or infrastructure-intensive projects, whereas implicit approaches often represent unspoken discipline-based norms. Efforts to educate students in how to manage authoring decisions tend to use advance methods. Problems stemming from a difficult researcher's actions cross these categories. Early communication would seem to be useful for issue resolution, but it is not widely used in part because it can lock-in to an author crediting plan too tightly and reduce flexibility as research directions change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a response to John Barton's posthumous paper on the date and authorship of the English thirteenth-century legal treatise Bracton. That paper was an extended critique of sections of a much shorter paper I had published in 1996 on these and related topics. It responds to the main criticisms Barton makes of my paper. It accepts a few of these but not others, and does not accept his main arguments against assigning a date prior to 1240 for significant parts of the treatise nor his renewed assertion of the claims of Henry de Bracton to be the sole author of the treatise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author's provides a review of the literature using a systematic literature review of the lean tool and lean construction papers published in the time frame from 2008 to 2018. The papers selected from the Scopus database by using the following filters: ten top-rated journals selected on the basis of cite score form Scopus, the only article having a key words "lean construction", or "Lean tool" were selected, only engineering and material science article selected, and the last only journal article was selected. The search result filters the 48 articles out of 944 articles. The findings of the study conclude that only a few tool and techniques were explored a number of times by the researchers. On the other hand, few countries were dominating in terms of publication were the UK, and the USA has 15, 14 articles respectively. There is not a single article from India in the selected papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve individual research achievements (IRA), this study investigates which affiliated countries and authors earn the most cited IRAs and whether those types of articles are associated with the number of cited papers on schizophrenia from a leading journal in the field. The Kano model was used for displaying the IRAs. Clusters of medical subject headings (MeSH) were applied to explore the core concepts of a given journal. This study aimed to apply social network analysis (SNA) and an authorship-weighted scheme (AWS) to inspect the association between MeSH terms and IRA. About 2,008 abstracts published between 2012 and 2016 in the journal Schizophrenia Research were downloaded from Pubmed Central using the keyword (Schizophr Res)[Journal] on September 20, 2018. The MeSH terms were clustered by using SNA to separate the core concepts and compare the differences in bibliometric indices (i.e., h, Ag, x and author impact factor or AIF). Visual dashboards were shown on Google Maps. Results indicate that (1) the US, the UK, and Canada earn the highest x-index; (2) the top one author from the US has the highest x-index (= 5.73 with x-core at cited = 16.44 and citable = 2); (3) the article type of schizophrenic psychology shows distinctly higher frequencies than others; and (4) article types are associated with the number of cited papers. Four approaches of the Kano model, SNA, MeSH terms, and AWS can be accommodated to display IRAs, classify article types, and quantify coauthor contributions in the article byline, respectively, and applied to other scientific disciplines in the future, not just in this specific journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author discusses the rise of regional research collaboration which is changing the balance of science worldwide. The author states that collaboration is a good practice, in which knowledge is better transferred and co-authored writings are cited more frequently. The author also mentions co-authorship as a valid alternative for collaboration that reflects tangible engagement between countries such as Germany and Great Britain as well as China and the U.S.

The article focuses on the issue on how economist John Maynard Keynes uses his position as editor of "The Economic Journal" to counter the critiques made by economist Arthur Cecil Pigou on Great Britain's economy. Keynes controlled the interpretation, distribution, and flow of information on Pigou's September 1937 article and his March 1938 clarification. Furthermore, Keynes held the keys to the various repositories of information concerning the Pigou matter.

This paper considers the nature of authorship for children's literary fiction in the UK between 1995 and 2004. Through interviews and correspondence with a number of prominent writers, it explores the binary marketplace within which they must now operate, and the commercial pressures which are shaping the nature of their output. A second section of the paper looks in depth at the royalty statements for Elizabeth Kay, whose clever and funny first novel, The Divide became a bestseller. An analysis of her income in the first couple of years after the book was accepted for publication, indicates with startling clarity the effect on royalties of high volume deals with supermarkets and book clubs. A third section of the paper discusses the various means by which authors are reclaiming some financial leverage, and the extent to which publishers, and even retailers may ultimately face the threat of disintermediation, with writers finding direct routes to their readers [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the processes, outcomes and lessons learnt from a collaborative writing project undertaken as a partnership between academics at the Open University and 11 social work practitioners from a variety of social work settings across the UK. This partnership successfully co-produced a book of social work stories using a critical best practice approach, which describes and analyses the realities of everyday social work practice. In a context where there still appear to be many barriers to the involvement of practising social workers in research and writing, we conclude that the project’s collaborative process facilitated the sharing of practitioner experience and expertise with the wider world. Drawing on lessons learned during the writing of the book, a number of practical ways of building on this initiative to support the development of practitioner writing are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Non-native English-speaking students at, or about to enter British Universities and other Western universities where the language of instruction is English may experience challenges with academic writing, often one of the most important means of assessing students. Pre-sessional and in-sessional English academic writingcourses have been developed to aid students, and traditionally covered a range of topics. This paper discusses essential 'pre-writing' tasks. It then outlines some of the essential elements of academic writing; these often focus on paragraph structure, basic components of an essay, and different functional types of essays. Other features covered by this paper include aspects of language such as level of formality, cohesive devices, caution and hedging, supplying evidence, and avoiding plagiarism, amongst others. This paper also emphasizes the growing importance of collaborative learning, critical thinking and autonomous leaning which may be insufficiently familiar to students from non-Western learning environments where traditionally factual recall is given the greatest importance. Inductive and deductive approaches to paragraph organization, and also essay development have also been introduced. These approaches may also contrast with the rhetorical features familiar to nonnative students from various cultures around the world and require special attention. Contemporary pre-sessional courses are also becoming more specialized, targeting English suitable for specific sets of disciplines at the undergraduate at postgraduate level. For example, courses focusing in STEM subjects (science technology, engineering and mathematics) are replacing more 'generic' academic English courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses various reports published within the issue, including one by two Canadian students on their transition from high school into the University of Manitoba, one by Paul Hughes on understanding Asperger's syndrome and several on problems associated with gate keepers in learning disability research.

The authors present insights on the policy for authorship or article contributions in the field of nursing. They state that omissions and inclusions of authors are covered by several agencies. They note the policy of Great Britain's Research Integrity Office on authorship. They also cite the standard of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) on authorship.

Academic writing can seem a daunting prospect although with the right support and information it can be more achievable than you think. In this first set of editorial comments of 2016, editors from all sections of the Health Information and Libraries Journal outline the origins of the individual section of the journal which they oversee and highlight some of the things you might want to consider when thinking of submitting your writing for publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 50% of medical students and 45% of practising doctors are female in the UK. In the specialty of anaesthesia, 32% of consultants are female. However, compared with males, females are under-represented as authors of articles published in high-impact journals. We investigated the proportion of female first authors by examining the case reports submitted to Anaesthesia Cases since its inception in 2013. We defined authors by their sex (male or female), that is, biological characteristics, rather than their gender. There were a total of 802 submissions to Anaesthesia Cases over 4.5 years. Sixteen submissions were excluded and of the remaining 786 submissions, 279 were accepted and 507 rejected, an acceptance rate of 35.5%. Twenty (2.5%) authors' sex could not be identified. The overall proportion of female first authors was 37.1%. The proportion of female first authors of accepted case reports was 42.1% and females were first authors of rejected case reports in 34.4%. We found that, compared with previous studies on female sex and gender bias in publishing, there was a relatively high proportion of female first authors publishing in Anaesthesia Cases and female first authors were more likely to be accepted than male first authors. Authorship is considered to reflect career success and there continues to be sex/gender inequity that must be tackled at all levels, from application to medical school, through research funding, journals and Editorial Boards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to illuminate the shifting and unstable configuration of scientific print culture around 1800 through a close focus on William Nicholson's Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, generally known as Nicholson's Journal. Viewing Nicholson as a mediator between the two spheres of British commercial journalism and scientific enquiry, I investigate the ways he adapted practices and conventions from the domain of general-readership monthly periodicals for his Journal, forging a virtual community of scientific knowledge exchange in print. However, in pursing this project Nicholson ran up against disreputable associations connected with the politics of journalism and came into conflict with more established models of scientific publication. To illustrate this, I turn to examine in detail the practice of reprinting, a technique of information transmission which the Journal adapted from general periodicals and newspapers, looking at a clash between Nicholson and the Royal Society that exposes disagreements over the appropriate role for journals during this period of reorganization in the scientific world. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A claim to the ‘professionalism’ of practice learned on media production courses begs the question: are we teaching what we claim to teach? This paper argues that recontextualisation, successive moves between sociologically distinct contexts, has a transformational impact on and is the principal feature of the pedagogy. The case study looks at a collaborative learning activity, scriptwriting, on a media production course in a UK higher education institution. A sociological perspective is applied and data are viewed through the lens of recontextualisation theory, primarily Social Activity Method, revealing where and how students access explicit and tacit principles and rules of scriptwriting, integration of practice principles and ‘rules of the game’. The article raises questions about whether evaluation and assessment criteria are clear and correlate to what is being taught. The concern is that if principles of recontextualisation are neglected, the constitution of the activity and its assessment can establish an internal contradiction that cannot be resolved by the learner. This potentially causes students to misrecognise their own learning. Neglect of principles of recontextualisation has the potential to distort pedagogy and outcomes in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper examines intellectual property in daguerreotypes during the 1840s. Working from research in legal archives it rewrites the early history of photography. Drawing on Marxist theories of law and intellectual property – Pashukanis, Edelman, Hirst and Nesbit – I explore the theoretical problems of authorship in the case of an extended network of production. ‘Beard Patentee’ suggests that the English common law created a particular form of authorship suited to capital. The development of the trade in daguerreotypes can be used to reconsider authorship and its peculiar constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliometrics/Scientrometrics are one of the ways to measure the literature explosion. The present study is also intended to identify the growth and authorship pattern of productivity of articles of source journal "DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology". It was observed from the study that the year 2008 was most participating year during the study period 2007 - 2011. The Relative Growth Rate (RGR) was high in terms of literature productivity and Degree Collaboration (DC) was also high in terms authorship pattern i.e., 108 out of 194 (0.556). and many more features were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pauline letters have become categorised into two groups: those seven which are generally considered to be genuine and another six over which there remains controversy. This paper aims, firstly, to use personality typing techniques to test the homogeneity of the genuine letters and reveal the full personality of Paul. Then, secondly, it aims to analyse each individual letter in the second group in order to classify the authors. It has identified a reasonable consistency in the genuine letters and has shown Paul to be an ESTJ. This explains his strengths (zeal, teaching, shepherding), needs (control and clarity of role) and Achilles heel (criticism). The study of the remaining letters has revealed three authors: Deutero-Paul who, as an INFP, was eminently suited to continue and expand Paul's writings to produce both Colossians and Ephesians, Trito-Paul, another ESTJ, who wrote 2 Thessalonians and Tetarto-Paul, an ISTJ, who wrote the Pastorals. All three, like Proto-Paul himself, strove to keep their churches “on track”. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article focuses on the origin and context of "Notes on Faces and Men," Sigmund Freud's unsystematic observations when he visited the National Portrait Gallery in London, England on September 13, 1908. According to the author, Freud's statement that William Shakespeare looks completely exceptional is a hint of his uncertainty about the authorship of Shakespeare. The author states that the notes on the portraits were written on a single sheet of a foolscap size paper.

Action research is promoted in the UK as a vehicle for practice development in health and social care, but its application has not been evaluated. This study reviews research designs in published social work studies, 2000–2010. Applying the analytic strategy of Munn-Giddings et al. (2008) also enabled comparison to be made with nursing action research. Action research has a strong presence in social work. Studies were highly collaborative, mainly qualitative and largely focused on practice or educational development, though user-focused change had a presence. Participant groups generally were ‘active’ in the research process, but participation by academics was low. In contrast, authorship was dominated by academics. External funding suggested an attractiveness of action research to funders. Action research in social work shared similarities with nursing. Main differences were involvement of the voluntary sector, the favouring of interactive group working, and a greater likelihood of service users being co-researchers. Of most concern is the lack of authorship (and by implication, ownership) by practitioners or service users. This is contrary to the underpinning inclusive philosophy, and researchers should be more proactive in acknowledging the contribution of individuals, groups or organizations, as appropriate, and so evidence their growth in research capability and capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article reflects on journal practices in a study of The British Journal of Social Work conducted as a multiple method historical case study, focussing on the first 40 years of the journal. What constitutes a journal's identity is slippery. Broadly speaking, there are those practices that are located primarily within the immediate creation of volume upon volume, and there are practices through which the journal interacts with those worlds that touch on its boundaries. Editorial appointments, editors' visions, the work of reviewers, and the infrastructure of technology are all located fairly close to the journal's day-to-day practice. In this article, the focus is on these comparatively internal practices. This includes becoming a British Journal of Social Work editor; doing the job; reviewers and reviewing; editorial judgement; and technology. We gained a strong sense of continuity in terms, for example, of how those to whom we spoke understood the journal's identity, and managing editorial succession. There were tensions – perhaps essential – manifested in the deployment of rhetorical arguments and pleas. But while calculated to persuade, the ebb and flow of rhetorical issues are no less about substance and realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines authorship trends in surgical titles between 1998 and 2008. It compares the trends with general medicine publications. It mentions that the identification of clinical trials published in high-impact medical and surgical titles is critical in the realization of the research. It concludes that in both medical and surgical journals, author numbers have increased in 1998 to 2008.

An editorial is presented on how Diabetes basic science research took center stage in research industry. Topics include identifying the effects of genetic variation on therapeutic responses to allow targeted clinical treatment for diabetes; and recipient of the Diabetes UK Dorothy Hodgkin Lecture, Ewan Pearson, has contributed a thought-provoking review of his lecture entitled ‘Drugs, genes and diabetes'.

In the UK, there is great concern about the perceived increase in plagiarized work being submitted by students in higher educations. Although there is much debate, the reasons for the perceived change are not completely clear. Here we present the results of a 2-year trial of the JISC Plagiarism Detection Service (PDS) involving hundreds of students. The effectiveness of the service in detecting plagiarized material and in acting as a deterrent are discussed. Although an increased number of cases of plagiarism were detected during the trial, the relative contributions of the electronic detection system and increased staff awareness remain unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calls for the submission of articles on race and ethnic relations, racial inequality, racism, migration and related subjects to be published in the "Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies" in Great Britain. Length requirements; Format and style of the articles to be published; Instructions for date entries.

Collaboration is encouraged because it is believed to improve academic research, supported by indirect evidence in the form of more coauthored articles being more cited. Nevertheless, this might not reflect quality but increased self‐citations or the "audience effect": citations from increased awareness through multiple author networks. We address this with the first science wide investigation into whether author numbers associate with journal article quality, using expert peer quality judgments for 122,331 articles from the 2014–20 UK national assessment. Spearman correlations between author numbers and quality scores show moderately strong positive associations (0.2–0.4) in the health, life, and physical sciences, but weak or no positive associations in engineering and social sciences, with weak negative/positive or no associations in various arts and humanities, and a possible negative association for decision sciences. This gives the first systematic evidence that greater numbers of authors associates with higher quality journal articles in the majority of academia outside the arts and humanities, at least for the UK. Positive associations between team size and citation counts in areas with little association between team size and quality also show that audience effects or other nonquality factors account for the higher citation rates of coauthored articles in some fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten leading otolaryngological journals were reviewed with a view to detecting the UK contribution to the ENT literature from 1985 to 1994. From a total number of 12 293 publications studied 2414 (19.6%) papers were found to originate from British and Northern Irish otolaryngological departments, with the proportion of UK papers remaining at around 20% throughout the whole 10-year period. These papers were fully reviewed and the number of authors, paper type, names of authors and originating department recorded. Eleven departments were responsible for 50.2% of the total number of publications with the most prolific author being responsible for 2.5% (n = 60) of the total number of UK papers. Over the 10-year period, there has been a significant change towards the publication of more clinical research at the expense of pure laboratory research in these 10 journals (χ2 P < 0.001). There has also been a move towards multiple authorship (three or more co-authors) over the same period with fewer single-author papers (P < 0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an examination of data relating to Great Britain's National Curriculum attainment target of writing in a primary classroom. Bernstein's theory of the framing of educational knowledge; Diversity of frame strength inherent in different pedagogues.

Despite many initiatives taken by funding bodies and health care organisations, the 10/90 gap in health care and health system research between low and middle-income countries (LIMC) and high income countries is still widely recognised. We aimed to quantify the contribution of LMIC in high impact medical journals and compare the results with the previous survey conducted in 2000. Research articles were anaylsed to determine the origin of data and authorship affiliated countries in a calendar year (2017) for five journals: British Medical Journal, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Annals of Internal Medicine and the Journal of the American Medical Association. Contributing countries were categorised into four regions; USA, UK, Other Euro-American countries (OEAC) and rest of the world (RoW). A total of 6491 articles were categorised where USA, UK and OEAC contributed 39.7%, 28.5% and 19.9% respectively. RoW countries contributed 11.9% of articles surveyed. The Lancet and NJEM had the highest numbers from RoW with 22.1% and 17.3% respectively. After 17 years, the trend remained comparable with the original survey carried out in 2000. RoW contributions increased from 6.5% to only 11.9% of the published articles from countries accounting for 88.3% of the world's population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on topics which were discussed at the 2011 conference of the British Association of Critical Care Nurses, which was held in Newcastle, England. Topics included nursing practice, the changing roles of nurses and nurse practitioners and patient safety. The event was attended by several association members, nurses and other medical professionals.

Part V. Comments on the effects of feminists writing together in Great Britain. Commitment of feminists to maintain a task-oriented structure; Positive use of power relations between women; Sustenance of the group by operating within the levels of intimacy and trust.

The challenges of ensuring equity among partners of very different academic power and status, across continents, within complex research projects involving differing disciplines with their own norms, and balancing needs for capacity development of individuals and for institutions can be major sources of conflicts. While each of these concerns has been addressed separately, the implications of situations where they reinforce each other have not. Drawing on experience in four complex, multi-partner and multi-disciplinary social science research projects, I consider four main overlapping issues: (1) the structural inequalities inherent in North-South relationships as well as between junior and senior researchers and how these raise difficult problems for research managers; (2) the implications of different kinds of local institutions, and of seeing authorship as a major feature of capacity building, even if no funding is allocated to the task within research grants; (3) the effects of multi-disciplinarity: how intellectual property is understood in different disciplinary settings as well as embodied in national or institutional rules, and the implications of these differences in the context of the pressures imposed by institutional review procedures, in particular the Research Excellence Framework in the UK; (4) the challenges to research managers of ensuring that transaction costs do not swamp the possibility of achieving real intellectual additionalities, and how to address the risk that the costs of collaboration outweigh the likely benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]