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While the domestication literature indicates how national media link foreign events to a country's domestic affairs, it has thus far only examined modes of domestication - the ways through which these links are created. In this article, we introduce a different dimension of the phenomenon: degrees of domestication. This includes the extents to which a foreign event gets connected with the domestic. By making a topic-modeling analysis of French and Dutch newspaper articles about 9/11, the 2004 tsunami in Southeast Asia, the Arab Spring and Donald Trump's political rise, we provide an explorative case study of this dimension. We inductively arrive at a scale ranging from no to extreme domestication of the event, classified according to four degrees of domestication: (1) an entirely foreign affair; (2) a foreign political affair involving domestic actors; (3) a domestic political affair; (4) or a personal disruption. French newspapers score higher on the second degree, the Dutch ones on the third and fourth. A deepening of this pattern shows how these differences stem from two distinctive cultural repertoires that journalists and other media participants employ when relating to foreign events: a French one, which sees them as an opportunity to dominate the international political stage, and a Dutch one, which considers them a reason for reflecting on domestic or personal matters. These clear differences indicate the concept's importance for the literature and for investigating it within other national media contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to analyse Arabic and French news articles published in the two Moroccan daily newspapers, Aujourd'hui le Maroc and Assabah , from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018, using content analysis. The study addresses three research questions: (1) how does Moroccan media portray sub-Saharan migrants both textually and visually? (2) What type of narratives does Moroccan mainstream media circulate about sub-Saharan migrants? (3) How are sub-Saharan migrants framed by the two newspapers? The study is based on mass communication framing theory. Twenty-five articles were selected for the textual analysis and 12 headline images were chosen for the visual analysis. The content analysis findings revealed five frames: administration, border security, criminality, economic-social integration, and vulnerability and victimisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contemporary French Civilization is the property of Liverpool University Press / Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Le Mercure galant , one of France's first newspapers, is notable for its diverse content: politics and foreign affairs, court news, science and medicine, the arts and literature. Directed by Jean Donneau de Visé from its inception in 1672 until his death in 1710, this influential and innovative monthly publication circulated throughout France and beyond its borders. The Mercure 's tendency to blur the lines between truth and fiction, between history and propaganda, and between information and entertainment, makes it an instructive case study in early modern 'fake news'. Donneau de Visé, a self-styled royal historiographer and the beneficiary of a generous royal pension, dedicated his periodical to the Dauphin and published abundant praise of Louis XIV. The Mercure 's news reporting included distortions and propaganda intended to bolster and further entrench the king's foreign and domestic policies. The Mercure 's nouvelles , short stories presented as true recent events, constituted another type of 'fake news', one that often had a different effect, inviting the re-examination of social norms. The nouvelles appealed to the Mercure 's sizeable community of women readers by accentuating female agency and providing a vehicle for the exploration of scenarios of female empowerment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reflects on the reasons that motivated individuals from various fields in Sudbury to create the newspaper Le Nouvel-Ontarien in 1985. Topics include the newspaper aimed to provide a platform for progressive voices in the Franco-Sudbury media landscape through the conservative values of the existing French-language weekly, Le Voyageur; and tension between a vision of French Ontario as a community of destiny seeking autonomy and the utopia of multicultural Canada.

The article features Martinican intellectual, writer, translator and editor Paulette Nardal, who is increasingly recognized for her central role in the international networks of black intellectual culture in the 1920s and 1930s. Topics include details of a feature article about Nardal published in the French newspaper "Le monde" in July 2021, a proposal by some to recognize Nardal as one of the symbolic heroes of the fatherland, and an overview of some of Nardal's articles.

Agricultural landscapes are sites of difficult trade‐offs between conservation and production objectives. The media play a part in shaping public opinion and policies and vice‐versa. In line with the constructionist approach to public problems, we analyzed the role of media in the problem‐framing of interrelations between biodiversity and agriculture. We investigated the medium‐term evolution in French national newspaper coverage of these interrelations using a content and time analysis over a 19‐year period (1999–2017). We applied a statistical method using IRaMuTeQ (interface of R) on seven daily newspapers (Le Monde, Libération, La Croix, Les Échos, Le Figaro, L'Humanité, and La Tribune; N = 2,547). Our results reveal the growing importance of agriculture in the public problem of biodiversity loss. The increase of agriculture/biodiversity coverage is driven by environmental issues and specific political events. However, the number of articles focused on biodiversity/agriculture dynamics remains low. Around 2007, the articles shifted from an international species‐centered view to a national and local human‐centered view. These evolutions in media‐coverage create a space for ecologists, social scientists, and agronomists to combine their approaches and to develop and communicate on new actions in favor of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Res Historica is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using articles from two major French newspapers of contrasting ideological viewpoints, this study seeks to explore their representation of cycling the city, and their potential to position readers to view cycling favourably or unfavourably. The analysis, drawing on systemic functional linguistics' appraisal framework, highlights the ways in which readers of both Le Figaro and Le Monde are positioned to take a positive view of cycling through their listings of the benefits of cycling or praise of bicycle-sharing systems. Conversely, readers may embrace a negative view through their reading about cycling casualties and safety issues. The analysis also shows that a reader of Le Monde might feel more inclined to take up cycling than a reader of Le Figaro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the problem of cross-language interaction in mass media; in particular, the author chooses lexical items that have been linguistically converted from Russian into French forms as a specific object of research. In the focus of attention is the process of foreign word penetration into another language and stating peculiarities in the usage of code converted Russian words in modern French press. The cross-language code converted word items are grouped in accordance with a semantic criterion that is based on V.S. Vinogradov's classification, their contextual environment analysis points to specificity of their functions in media texts. The semantic classification of the cross-language code converted lexical items is viewed as correlating with the variety of semantic functions, including nominative, informative, terminological as well as the functions of text exotization or national culture specification. The author concludes that social and political items are majoring and perform the widest range of the functions, the least numerous is a groups of items that nominate natural world phenomena. It is stated that cross-language item code conversion serves for presenting substantive or specifically cultural content of the message, it is used as an expressive language means with a shade of stylistic potential, which is supported with a set of examples and their stylistic interpretations.

In January 2015, masked gunmen attacked the satirical French newspaper Charlie Hebdo. The events presented an ethical dilemma for news organizations around the world, which had to determine whether to republish controversial images from Charlie Hebdo 's history. Many US news organizations explained their ethical decision-making in their own publications or provided interviews to other news agencies reporting about the disagreement. This study is based on a qualitative textual analysis of 35 articles from news outlets in the United States published within a month after the attacks. The analysis considers the journalistic norms and boundaries underlying the news organizations' decisions to republish or withhold the images and how these norms shape assumptions about journalistic professionalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies of the Affiches, a genre of newspaper in late eighteenth-century France, have stressed that they were fundamentally conservative and circumspect. The Affiches ignored the philosophes, and on the rare occasions that they were mentioned, they were generally condemned. In the early years of the Affiches de Bordeaux, however, quite the opposite was true. It regularly covered all sorts of supposedly forbidden subjects, including detailed military and political news, it consistently praised philosophes by name, and it published banned literature. Even anodyne-sounding pieces were sometimes extracts from banned works. The articles in the Affiches de Bordeaux were frequently copied from other newspapers, including illegal foreign ones. Some of its articles were of a relatively conservative cast, but a wide eighteenth-century public in Bordeaux had easy access to Enlightenment ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on ethnographic data from the mid-2000s as well as accounts from French Jewish newspapers and magazines from the 1980s onward, this paper traces the emergence of new French Jewish institutional narratives linking North African Jews to the "European" Holocaust. I argue that these new narratives emerged as a response to the social and political impasses produced by intra-Jewish disagreements over whether and how North African Jews could talk about the Holocaust, which divided French Jews and threatened the relationship between Jewishness and French national identity. These new pedagogical narratives relied on a very different historicity, or way of reckoning time and causality, than those used in more divisive everyday French Jewish Holocaust narratives. By reworking the ways that French Jews reckoned time and causality, they offered an expansive and homogenously "European" Jewishness. This argument works against a growing postcolonial sociological and anthropological literature on religious minorities in France and Europe by emphasizing the contingency, difficulty, and even ambivalence around constructing "Jewishness" as transparently either "European" or "French." It also highlights the role played by historicity—not just history—in producing what counts as group "identity." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes metaphorical constructions expressing the hint. The study is carried out on the basis of the political article headlines of contemporary prestigious French editions of "Monde diplomatique", "Le Figaro", "Télérama". The hint is regarded as an indirect speech act reflecting the meaning of information implicitly. The classification of article headlines is based on the metaphors types: "Anthropomorphic metaphor", "Metaphor of nature", "Social metaphor", "Artifact metaphor" and "Metaphor of irreality". Each type of metaphor is considered in connection with the conceptual spheres related to it. The study showed that in the language of modern French press there is a great number of headline structures containing: "Anthropomorphic metaphor" with such conceptual spheres as "Anatomy and physiology", "Disease", "Family"; "Metaphor of nature" with such concepts as "Animal world", "Plant world"; "Social metaphor", the sources of this metaphorical expansion are such conceptual spheres as "Crime", "War", "Theater", "Game and sport"; "Artifact metaphor" with the concepts "House" and "Mechanism". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Research Institute / Atatürk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Arastirmalari Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines media discourse and emotions in discourse (pathos) during the week before the Greek Referendum of 2015. Drawing on the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, we study the interrelation between macro-level (dominant) values and views, and the micro-level of media positioning, as retrieved from newspaper headlines. The headlines come from three Greek and two French newspapers of differing political, economic, and ideological standpoints. Focusing on the micro-level, we sketch an integrationist framework of analysis: We conduct a systemic functional analysis to scrutinize the transitivity structures of headlines, and an analysis of pathos in order to track constructed emotions. Among our main findings is that the newspapers, despite their different positionings and interests, converge on a dense discursive and emotional construction that favours the dominant values of a free market and the doctrine of austerity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Mens: Revue d'Histoire Intellectuelle et Culturelle is the property of MENS: Revue d'Histoire Intellectuelle et Culturelle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Author-supplied Abstracts.)

The influence of Clarté on Mariátegui is recognized by several scholars, including Robert Paris, who highlights Amauta's choice for the programmatic journalism style expressed by Clarté. This article aims to present some data referring to the newspaper Clarté, which was published between the years of 1919 and 1928, as well as the findings about the interlocution between Mariátegui and Clarté throughout its trajectory. Notwithstanding its key role on the debate on colonialism and its revolutionary and internationalist perspective, Clarté focused on the European and United States contexts, so references to the Latin American reality were very rare, and, regarding Peru, practically non existent. On the other hand, it is known the direct interlocution ofAmauta with Henri Barbusse, with whom Mariátegui maintained an epistolary relation in the years after his tour around Europe.However, attempts of a personal interlocution with Pierre Naville, a key element in the group's conversion to Trotskyism in the late 1920s, were unsuccessful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the circulation of francophone news, information, and literary content between Western Europe and North America in the nineteenth century. During this period, big metropolitan cities (Paris, Brussels, Montreal, New Orleans) were forming a dense media network. For the western Atlantic region, New York City and the Courrier des États-Unis (1828-1938) served as the hub of this network. Francophone readers on both sides of the Atlantic shared a large common corpus, including works such as Eugène Sue's Mystères de Paris (1842-1843), which was distributed in North America by the literary supplement of the Courrier. By providing a general overview of this French-speaking network, this article invites scholars to explore how texts, and literature in particular, operated through an interlinked dynamic system of publication rather than as independent unconnected works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reactionary culture helped shape Thermidors retreat from the ideologies, social policies, and political practices of the Terror, This article explains how it did so by examining the most popular newspaper of the French Revolution's Year III (1794-95), L'orateur du peuple, and editor Stanislas Fréron's appropriation of revolutionary inventiveness to discredit revolutionary activism. Between Robespierre's defeat in July 1794 and the adoption of a new constitution in late summer 1795, Fréron used radical language to condemn first the Terror and then radical republicanism, progressing from attacks on specific legislators to an assault on social welfare, political militancy, and universal suffrage. Elaborating a right-wing ideology that was neither Catholic nor royalist, L'orateur du peuple illuminates the conservative uses of revolutionary political culture. Fréron and the reactionary polemicists among whom he worked forged a virulent reactionary populism in the Year III whose legacy endures today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurement of the value of “media capture” (the control of newspapers by business or political interests) is difficult. However, if capture is valuable, it should affect the price of newspaper shares. Useful information about the value of media capture should be retrievable from Stock Exchange data. Interwar France provides a unique setting to implement this idea because key newspapers floated voting and nonvoting stocks. Combined with takeover prices, data yield estimates of the price of media capture and of the time-series evolution of this price. Comparison with Britain sheds new light on a dark episode of French history. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Tocqueville Review -- La Revue Tocqueville is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Author-supplied Abstracts.)

This article assesses the journalistic career of Claude Milscent (1740–1794), who started life as a Saint-Domingue planter and was guillotined a committed Parisian abolitionist and Jacobin. In particular, it will describe the radicalization of his position regarding colonial politics and how he maintained a dialog with his paper's readership: first inLe Creuset, published exclusively in Angers in 1791, and then in his Parisian newspaper,Le Créole Patriote, published from 1792 to early 1794. The main sources for this article include these newspapers along with two of Milscent's published pamphlets:Justification de M. Milscent, Créole, à L'Assemblée Coloniale de S. Domingue(a speech he gave before a colonial assembly toward the end of 1791), andNotes et Remarques sur le Régime des Colonies, et Particulièrement sur celle de Saint Domingue. Milscent's article on the colonies, published in Jacques-Pierre Brissot's newspaperLe Patriote Françaisand entitled “Sur les troubles de Saint-Domingue,” is also important to this study. Archival sources consulted (Archives Nationales, Paris) included colonies: administration, correspondence, personal accounts and reports: BB381A and AF IV 1190, and the records of Milscent's trial in DXXV 56. A critical reading of Milscent's speeches and writings shed light on the intimate personal relationships and colonial developments that informed the revolutionary politics of his day, in both metropole and colony. Milscent initially argued that, as a planter, he had a personal stake in maintaining slavery. His papers, which include his personal testimony and reproduced exchanges with people of color, show how he ultimately interpreted his intellectual and personal relationships both before and during the French Revolution as compelling evidence that he must abandon any personal privilege he enjoyed as a whitecolon. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In 1934 French politics became polarized in a bitter struggle for the soul of France between Jeanne d'Arc and Marianne. In the course of the war in Spain, the positions taken by the Left and Right did not change; they simply hardened. Socialist doctrine was grounded in pacifism, but now it had to confront fascism. The Right, in its many varieties, was pro-appeasement and pro-Mussolini, and did its best to close its eyes to Italo-German rapprochement; Hitlerism was viewed as a terrible danger, but it was still the lesser ideological evil. Toulouse provided a fine observation point on Spain, and its varied press included the centre-left La Dépêche, of international renown. Among its writers, Heinrich Mann and Émile Vandervelde expressed an excessive pro-Republican optimism (as did Léon Blum in Le Midi Socialiste). L'Express du Midi called for volunteers for Franco, and Franco fumed at the poor response. Guglielmo Ferrero meanwhile warned that Europe was now plunged into the greatest intellectual and moral confusion in all its history. With Franco's victory, what all sides came to realize was that France now faced hostile forces on three frontiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the lessons to be learned from the discursive analysis of media discourse, with reference to a case study of an article published in the "Désintox" ['detox'] section of the French daily newspaper, Libération. The first part presents Libération's innovative practice of fact-checking with a view to establishing the objectively verifiable truth, the results of which are couched in a spectacularly subjective style. In the second part, the article analyses certain explicit writing strategies adopted in the newspaper's criticism, in particular subjectivizing puns and the conclusions of the articles, which are endorsed through the journalist's primary discourse. It also considers certain implicit subjective aspects that can go beyond the criticism of questionable polemics and turn into an incrimination of politicians. The third part demonstrates the way that the linguistic description of this type of corpus feeds into theoretical and epistemological reformulations concerning subjectivity and objectivity, and raises social issues at stake relating to the role of criticism and its relationship with what is termed "descriptive" analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the historical role of gender in diplomacy. The author discusses the historical role of women in the courts of the early modern era as well as the unofficial diplomatic functions of men in the same time and place. The article emphasizes the lack of strict divisions of social, political, and court roles played by various figures, examines the depictions of female diplomats in the 17th-century French court newspaper "Mercure galant," and analyzes regional difference in the treatment of diplomats between 18th-century French and Spanish courts.

Our goal is to analyse the role played by irony, litotes and hyperbole in humour. Our theoretical perspective is that of discurse analysis. We study the different forms of irony in journalistic texts as well as their relation with litotes. We also study the forms and functions of hyperbole, depending on whether it magnifies the positive or the negative. Furthermore, we propose to divide the figures of speech analysed in this paper into three broad categories of polyphonic play : parody, irony and caricature. We take our examples from a sample of newspaper columns published on the French newspaper le Monde between 2000 and 2003 and between 2006 and 2009. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The French legislative election of April 23, 1848, was one of the first examples of a ritual that has become central to modern democracy: the consecration by a population of a new political order to replace a fallen regime. The newspaper press played a major but little-studied role in ensuring that the election was held relatively smoothly and that the results were generally accepted by the population. This case study, based on the press of Lyon, France's second largest city, shows, however, the role of the press in 1848 was very different from what it had been in 1830. Despite many years of preparation, the republican opposition journalists of 1848 were resoundingly disavowed by the voters, whereas papers representing the conservative parties and the democratic-socialist movement were more successful in promoting their candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which analyzes the image of libraries and librarians in the French newspaper "Le Monde" and its supplements from 1999 to 2009 which includes a corpus of over 400 articles. Topics discussed include a study dedicated to the municipal library in Arles, France, an article focusing on the multimedia library (médiathèque) in Troyes, France, and articles dealing with the role of libraries in society.

Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the press coverage of the football match between the French and the Algerian national teams that took place on 6 October 2001 in the Stade de France, in order to shed light on certain aspects of the representation of the Franco-Algerian relationship in France. Based on the analysis of four national newspapers (Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération and L’Équipe), this research shows that the press dealt with the match through the construction of certain categories and classifications involving conceptual models based on cultural, national and social hierarchies. In particular, coverage of this match promoted the idea of a ‘clash of civilisations’, symbolically placing France in a more privileged position in the hierarchy between the two countries. Finally, it promoted a model of integration for France based on the separation of the public and the private, and on notions of individual responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses how the French media perceive the advent of Al Qaeda in Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) in the Sahel, and particularly in Niger. It shows that the French media are constructing Niger as a 'grey area', a dangerous place and a 'failed state' through a monolithic discourse rooted in French cultural and ideological presuppositions about Africa and Africans. I argue that the monolithic discourse of French media on the War on Terror in the Sahel is the result of similar educational trajectories, cultural backgrounds and positions shared by journalists within the field, which tend to produce similar patterns of thinking. The paper is based on a critical analysis of 'representative' articles written between 1 January 2008 and 30 September 2011 in three leading French newspapers. It uses a qualitative approach and takes place within the framework of media content analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Historica. Historia Contemporánea is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper deals with two recent trends in print media, contraction and expansion, as exemplified in three French general newspapers. The first trend refers to the multiplication of short articles, the second one to the comprehensive approach of an event, from several angles, covering several pages. We compare the way and the degree to which newspapers adopt these new trends in structuring information, highlighting the interdiscursivity that characterizes journalistic productions, the thematic continuity and the permanent contribution of new information, the development of the visual and the ongoing process of evolution of the journalistic genres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This article presents a comparison of metaphor usage in British and French newspaper reports of the February 2008 parliamentary elections in Pakistan and of Barack Obama''s election in November 2008. The focus is the role of metaphor in conveying the writer''s evaluation – conscious or unconscious – of an event, principally by means of pragmatic effects like entailments. It was found that the Pakistan elections were predominantly portrayed as conflict, featuring negative evaluations of Mr Musharraf in superficially objective reports. However, the US elections were described using a far wider range of metaphorical source domains, which combined to convey an evaluation of Mr Obama as following a predestined trajectory as part of ‘the American story’, from slavery to an unspecified but better future America. Yet even in these optimistic portrayals, metaphors of conflict still prevailed, providing evidence that both a positive ethos attached to conflict and a conceptualisation of politics primarily in terms of conflict are embedded in Western culture. The paper concludes that some metaphor usage could have consequences for society, such as perpetuating the under-representation of women in politics, and raises questions regarding the appropriateness of some metaphor usage in a climate of global change and challenge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article investigates the proliferation of animal imagery in the visual production of the Dreyfus Affair. The use of animal symbols and motifs, for the most part found in the anti-Dreyfusard "gutter press," are situated within deep fin-de-siècle concerns about the nation and the body. Drawing on politically marginal, yet popular newspapers such as Edouard Drumont's La Libre Parole Illustrée and Henri Rochefort's L'Intransigeant, fears of national and bodily infestation, physiognomic stereotyping, and fantasies of teleologicul redemption are found to be rendered through the use of the animal as a device. The article also examines the scientific and literary developments in the study of the "natural, " within which the human relationship to the animal is constructed throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries „ providing a discursive framework from which political caricature drew its content and form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article etudie le discours sur les femmes et les hommes politiques lors de la campagne d'investiture en 2006 dans les grands quotidiens francais. En effet, si la loi de la parite n'a pas connu le succes escompte, un decret vote la meme annee encourageant l'emploi du feminin des noms de metier a connu plus de succes. Cependant, malgre une visibilite lexicale des femmes accrue, resultat de l'emploi de la feminisation, la presente etude met en evidence un discours defavorable a Royal. Avant de conclure a une polarite des sexes en discours journalistique, l'etude du discours sur Buffet (elue bien etablie dans le monde politique) et Besancenot (jeune nouveau venu sur la scene des elections) montre au contraire que lorsque les enjeux sont moins prestigieux, le discours tendrait a prendre en consideration la preeminence des candidats sans se polariser sur des stereotypes de genre. Le rapport de statut complexifie donc celle du rapport de genre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the Young Ottomans and their main publication Hüriyyet (Freedom). The scope of investigation includes references to the former Grandvizier Reshad Pasha, the relevance of the Shari'a and the ambiguous attitude towards the Tanzimat laws as well as the question of equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What are the values guiding the French practice of journalism? What is the place of objectivity among these values? These questions were asked of 13 war correspondents working for eight of the leading French newspapers. While objectivity is rejected as either an unattainable standard or an undesirable norm, it appears that a definition of objectivity is lacking and that this notion is often mistaken for neutrality. Three different conceptions of objectivity-as-neutrality emerge from the interviewees' discourses: as a separation between facts and commentaries, as cautiousness in labeling and as a balance between the parties. Can or should one of these conceptions serve as a guideline in the daily practice of journalism? The interviewees seem to be divided on this question and several propose moral values such as honesty or modesty as alternatives. The reference to moral values in turn proves problematic insofar as the focus on the journalists' attitudes or intentions fails to address responsibility for highly consequential actions. In the end, when discussing specific dilemmas that they themselves have faced, most of the journalists quote accuracy and fairness as criteria for the evaluation of journalistic performance. 'Etre juste' - meaning both to be accurate (justesse) and to be fair (justice) - is what is expected of a professional journalist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

French media constructs the representations of the Romanian athletes in a positive manner, and there are certain social topics associated with the representations created and supported by the newspapers, such as integration and linguistic abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article measures and explains criticism in U.S. and French national newspapers during the 1990s and 2000s. Criticism is operationalized in terms of discrete critical statements directed at governmental, political party, business, civil society, and foreign/international organizations or officials; such critical statements, which take various forms-administrative, character, truth, ideology, policy, and strategy-offer a more comprehensive measure of criticism on a day-to-day basis than the occasional in-depth investigative report. While state intervention is often argued to have a censoring effect, this study finds that the more "statist" French press presents a greater density of criticisms than the U.S. press. French newspapers that receive the highest direct subsidies are not less critical of the government or dominant party than other French (or U.S.) newspapers. French newspapers exhibit a slightly higher degree of political parallelism, but in both countries newspapers tend to aim the greatest amount of criticism toward the party in power, whether Left or Right. Relatively higher French criticism is also facilitated by a distinctive French journalistic cultural form, the "debate ensemble," that, in contrast to U.S. "dramatic narrative," organizes the news as a clash of critical opposing viewpoints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the role of religion in the French revolution, focusing on religious ideals expressed in the newspaper "La Feuille villageoise" from 1790 to 1792. Special attention is paid to the inaugural issue of the paper's depiction of conflicts between Protestants and Catholics, and Jansenist elements of the paper's message are discussed. Other topics include religious toleration, the paper's coverage of events in foreign countries, and the paper's anticlericalism.

Copyright of Ileti-s-im is the property of Universite Galatasaray, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ileti-s-im is the property of Universite Galatasaray, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ileti-s-im is the property of Universite Galatasaray, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article the author explores the transformations in French films and discussions about them in the newspapers and periodicals from 1860-1889. He discusses several films including "Le Pied de mouton," and comments that it had a spectacular depiction of mutability and had the potential to change and enlarge perspectives. He highlights the various transformation in the making of féeeries including those in abstract figurations of color and light in a state of ongoing movement.