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One of the most significant consequences of the global climate crisis is that the rate at which sea levels are rising has accelerated over the past 100 years and will continue to do so for the next century. The accelerated rise in the global mean sea level will inevitably affect the rights and interests of the owners and occupiers of coastal land, especially of coastal land that is bounded by the high-water mark (agri non limitati). This is because changes in the location of the high-water mark brought about by rising sea levels will result either in the acquisition of coastal property where the high-water mark moves seaward or in the loss of coastal property where the high-water mark moves landward. The law relating to the loss or acquisition of coastal property as a result of changes in the location of the high-water mark may be traced back to the common law principles governing the acquisition of ownership by alluvion (alluvio) and the loss of ownership by erosion. As part of an attempt to address the consequences of sea level rise, section 14(5) of the National Environmental: Integrated Coastal Management Act 24 of 2008 has amended some of these common law principles. The purpose of this article is to set out and critically analyse the provisions of section 14(5). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical-geographical and historical region, Dobrogea is located in the SE part of Romania, between the Danube and the Black Sea. As a historical-geographical province, it has experienced different stages of development over time. Through the Danube River and the Black Sea, it had connections with the whole world. In the 7th-6th centuries BC, the ancientGreeks settled on the shores of the Black Sea, founding cities-citadels known to this day - Histria, Callatis, Tomis. Later, the Daco-Romans also founded well-known fortresses - Aegyssus, Axiopolis, Dinogetia. As a result of the historical events that took place in this territory, today there are a number of overlapping cultures, which give originality to the region. With everything it offers within Romania, Dobrogea is the oldest province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ancient Greek and Indian texts support that destructive sea waves along the Makran coast in the northern Arabian Sea were responsible for the partial destruction of Alexander the Great's fleet in 326 BC. At that time, and after the conclusion of all its operations along the Indus River and its tributaries, the Greek fleet had reached the Indian Ocean and was waiting in an estuary of River Hab, north of the Indus River delta, for calmer seas and for the seasonal monsoon winds to subside, before beginning the long journey from India to Babylon, in what is presently known as the Persian Gulf. Since the Greek fleet had spent considerable time in the fall of that year in protective bays of the Indus delta/Kutch and the Makran regions (India in ancient times), it is very possible that the reported sustained damage to the fleet was caused from a tsunami rather than storm waves. After repairs were completed, the fleet under the command of admiral Nearchus of Crete began its long and arduous journey west in the North Indian Ocean, towards Babylon in what is now known as city of Hillah of Iraq in the Persian Gulf. In all probability, the tsunami originated along the Makran Subduction Zone - the same source area that historically has produced several earthquakes and tsunamis, the best known in recent times being one in 1945. Based on reviews of ancient Greek accounts such as those of Plutarch, Nearchus but mainly of Arrian's of Nicomedia "Indice" and to a lesser extent on Sri Lanka and Indian records, the present study reconstructed the chronology of the impact on the fleet based on the ancient Athenian lunar calendar. By using current geophysical knowledge of recent events in this region, and the present study concluded that the 326 BC earthquake occurred in late October or early November of 326 BC (known as Pyanepsion, “Πυανεψιών” in Ancient Greek). As mentioned, at that time the Greek fleet was either at anchor at the estuary near the delta of River Hab, or had just set out to sea on its way to Babylon. The Hab River estuary is located in the easternmost end of the Makran Subduction Zone (MSZ) in the Northern segment of the Arabian Sea - a source region of large earthquakes and tsunamis, recently and in the past. The delay in the departure of the Greek fleet from this estuary caused by opposing monsoon winds, limited the possibility of its total destruction if it had begun earlier its long journey to Babylon. Earlier in August of that same year, Alexander the Great with about a third of the Greek land forces had already taken a long and difficult march back to Babylon, via a southern land route, which included the harsh Gedrosian desert, a journey which resulted in the death from starvation for most of the soldiers. The present study is an evaluation of these events as deduced, from the historical records, but also from current geophysical understanding of the seism-tectonics of the Makran Subduction Zone - a source region of large earthquakes and tsunamis, recently and in the past. The best-known recent earthquake and tsunami in the same eastern region of the Makran Subduction Zone was the Moment Magnitude 8.1 earthquake of 19 November 1945. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines two understudied documents from eighteenth-century Lima: the 1715 and 1716 Oraciones delivered by Pedro de Peralta Barnuevo about his rectorship at San Marcos University. In their construction, both speeches capture colonial bureaucratism, transatlantic self-imagination, and baroque academicism at a mature stage in the development of colonial criollo identity. I examine these dynamics through the analysis of three rhetorical gestures: the use of classical panegyrists to establish critical similarities and differences between ancient academic institutions and San Marcos, the strategic manipulation of Latin citations, and the characterization of the history of San Marcos as a new yet deep archive. Through these strategies, I propose, Peralta suggests two different types of past: a "classical" antiquity rooted in Rome, and an "archival" antiquity that belongs to Lima. The coordination of these two pasts dramatizes the positioning of the criollo intellectual community in the transatlantic Republic of Letters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, the secondary literature on nineteenth-century British ethnology – the predecessor to anthropology – has placed far too much emphasis on the armchair cogitations of researchers in Britain and not enough weight on the voyagers who collected their data in the field. This article reconsiders the history of British anthropology by expanding the discipline's scope beyond the armchair and examining the role of voyagers in the production of early nineteenth-century ethnological knowledge. At the core of this analysis is an investigation that seeks to understand how ethnographic observations were formed in the field. Using the voyage of theAdventureandBeagleto the Strait of Magellan between 1826 and 1830 as a case study, this paper focuses on the travel account of the commanding officer Phillip Parker King. During the voyage through South America, King recorded detailed descriptions of the cultural and physical attributes of “Patagonians” – to use his nineteenth-century descriptor. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Journal of the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb / Vjesnik Arheološkog Muzeja u Zagrebu is the property of Archaeological Museum in Zagreb and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The jester embodies an ancient social institution, which serves a paradoxical purpose: to mitigate the excesses of power, while serving and supporting the ruler through a license to jest. The metaphor of the jester, used constructively, offers a unique window on the contradictions of organizational studies and their paradoxical role in relation to corporate practices. We explore how jesting may inform academic work through using humour and laughter to deconstruct organizational taboos and convey truth to power. We suggest that academic jesting constitute a wise and undervalued way in which management learning can occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the governmental policies established by the court of King Phillip IV of Spain regarding nuns and convents in the country. The author comments on the influence of the edicts promulgated by the Council of Trent related to the enclosure of nuns in convents and describes the tense relationship between religion and politics at the time. The history and evolution of monastic vows and religious life in convents is examined and the everyday life of Spanish nuns is also analyzed.

This article discusses the religious lives and careers of 17th century Spanish Jesuits Juan Eusebio Nieremberg and Alonso de Andrade. The author comments on their roles in establishing the relationship between politics and religion in Spain from 1643-1667 under the rule of King Phillip IV. He also considers their hagiographic studies of Christian saints conducted and promoted by Nieremberg and Andrade. The construction of a community identity within the Jesuit religious order is examined and the

Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Greek state engaged in a campaign that opted to present southern Macedonia as a genuinely Hellenic space. The goal was to inhibit rival national discourses that emphasized the primordial presence of non-Greek ethnic groups in the province which legitimized expansionist claims by other states. To achieve this, many Greek governments at the time employed agents and institutions who used three devices to spatialize the Hellenic past of the province: Travelogues, monuments, and excavations. This paper explores and assesses their impact on defining southern Macedonia as a Greek land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the journey undertaken by the chronicler Ambrosio de Morales, between June 1572 and February 1573, through Leon, Castile and Galicia, upon request of King Phillip II, paying particular attention to a specific dimension: that this journey and its protagonist be instruments in reaffirming royal power, by identifying relics, royal tombs and ancient books. These are elements which hold a symbolic power which the monarch was seeking to appropriate, in a process to build centralized power and the image of a Christian king, combining in the same project religion, politics and culture. To this end, we will analyze the relation between this journey, as described by the chronicler, and its contribution to the collection of relics held at the Real Monasterio de El Escorial [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses Spanish poet Francisco de Medrano's ode to King Phillip III of Spain during the late 16th century. It examines the use of lines of a poem by Agustín de Tejada Páez titled "Al Rey Don Felipe Nuestro Señor," which was published in the book of poetry "Flores de poetas ilustres," by Spanish poet Pedro de Espinosa. The author analyzes the difference between an homage or imitation and plagiarism in reference to Medrano's use of de Tejada Páez's poem in his ode. He also explores the personal relationship between de Medrano and de Tejada Páez. Reprints of both the poem and the ode are provided, along with a comparison of various literary elements within each work.

The article examines support by Saint Simón de Rojas for the expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain under Spanish king Phillip III from 1609 to 1614. It defines Moriscos as a theoretically Christian minority that in fact continued to practice Muslim customs and religion. The article asserts that Simón de Rojas, as a Trinitarian, instructor of the royal progeny, and confessor to Spanish Queen Isabella, wielded significant influence in the expulsion decision, along with other ecclesiasts such as Jaume de Bleda, Marcos de Guadalajara y Javier, and Damián Fonseca. It notes virtually unanimous support for the decision in Spain, considered holy, just, and necessary at the time.

The article discusses the impact of the French Huguenot settlement in Bahamas. The possible invasion of the Huguenot will create a threat in the border of the Straits of Florida. King Phillip II who is considered as a defender of Christian Catholicism has made an action to neutralize the Huguenot interlopers because he does not want the presence of the Protestant heretics in his colony. He does not also allow the foreign settlement on the other side of Bahamas due to the possibility of the defeat of Florida's strategic purpose.

The two key aspects of water infrastructure – engineered and human – in mid-nineteenth-century Rio de Janeiro are the foci of this article. On the one hand, gravity flow engineering brought fresh water from the Tijuca Forest to the fountains in the city, but on the other, hundreds of slaves carried heavy jugs of water from the fountains though the streets to residences. Using the account of Thomas Ewbank (1856), georeferenced historical maps and a field study, this article first reconstructs the route of the Carioca Aqueduct, then, using the accounts of Ewbank and other travellers, turns to the delivery of water in the city by enslaved water carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intus-Legere Historia is the property of Intus-Legere Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes three sermons given by António Vieira in the church of Santa Engrácia (Lisbon) during the commemoration ceremonies for a host desecration allegedly perpetuated by a Converso in 1630. How could an ardent advocate of the New Christians such as Vieira, who is perceived as the embodiment of early modern Iberian philosemitism, agree to deliver homilies in such a notorious anti-Jewish and anti-Converso hub? Although these sermons were part of a homiletical tradition developed in Santa Engrácia around the profanation of the Eucharist, I will argue that they provide a novel means to understand Vieira's pro-Converso and pro-Jewish approach, usually understood through his prophetic and mercantilist writings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over 180 years, it has been reported in academic and popular literature that Portuguese raiders from Timor captured and enslaved people from the Tiwi Islands in north Australia. The experience of slave-raiding is often cited as an explanation for the islanders' fierce hostility to intruders. However, this is despite the lack of any solid evidence to support the slave-raiding claims. Additionally, if Portuguese slave-raiding of the Tiwi Islands began in the sixteenth century or at the very beginning of the seventeenth century, as is often claimed, or implied, then the generally accepted history of the European discovery of Australia is wrong. The origins of these claims, their validity, and alternative readings of the Tiwi Islands' history are all explored in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study which explored paleopathology of the male skeleton, which is believed to be the remains of King Philip III Arrhidaeus, found in the Royal Tomb II in Vergina, Greece, using macrophotography. Indications of the findings of the bone pathology; Result of the anatomical study of the right orbit of the male skull of Royal Tomb II; Archaeological and historical reasons on the death of King Phillip III; Difference of King Philip III from King Philip II.

In twentieth-century Rio de Janeiro, police and local authorities addressed "black magic practices" through surveillance and regulation that were related to new cartographic and discursive imaginaries of urban reform and segregation. Police raids were a common occurrence, and journalists who wrote about sorcerers and sorcery participated in a discursive mapping of Rio de Janeiro's new urban imaginaries. This article examines a set of public health laws and policing tactics that monitored the activities of poor women and Afro-Brazilian spirituality under the assumption that their practices constituted black magic. Accusations of witchcraft represented a spectacle in which ideas adapted from eugenics and racial science to urban planning and capitalist modernity were enacted. Equally important, sorcery scenes present an important set of counter-narratives that demonstrate the ways in which urban residents deployed strategic performances as sorcerers and fortunetellers to counter police narratives that considered their bodies and activities to be heterodox and inadequate for secular urban modernity. No Rio de Janeiro do século XX, a polícia e as autoridades locais tratavam as "práticas de magia negra" por meio da vigilância e regulação que se relacionava a um novo imaginário cartográfico e discursivo de reforma e segregação urbana. Invasões policiais eram uma ocorrência comum, e jornalistas que escreviam sobre feiticeiros e feitiçaria participavam de um mapeamento discursivo de novos imaginários do Rio de Janeiro. Este artigo examina um conjunto de leis de saúde pública e táticas de policiamento que monitoraram as atividades de mulheres pobres e a espiritualidade afro-brasileira sob o pressuposto de que suas práticas constituíam feitiçaria e magia negra. Acusações de feitiçaria representaram um espetáculo em que ideias adaptadas da eugenia e da ciência racial ao planejamento urbano e à modernidade capitalista foram encenadas. Igualmente importante, as cenas de feitiçaria apresentam um importante conjunto de contra-narrativas [End Page 118] que demonstram as maneiras pelas quais os residentes urbanos empregaram performances estratégicas enquanto feiticeiros e cartomantes para contrapor-se às narrativas policiais que consideravam seus corpos e atividades heterodoxos e inadequados para a modernidade capitalista secular e urbana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Temas Americanistas is the property of Temas Americanistas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite its richness, the research corpus published about Islamic architecture presents some discontinuities in the knowledge of the architecture in the lands ruled by Muslims. Similarly, the dynamics of influence that might have operated between the "monumental" architecture in these lands and their popular architectures are insufficiently addressed. Moreover, the material culture related to the Islamic civilization is almost exclusively studied as a product that has stopped evolving. The architecture produced during Al-Ya'ariba (Al- Ya'rubi) Imamate (1624-1749) is an instance of these understudied topics in the history of Islamic architecture. This research argues that Al-Ya'rubi Imamate is not only an important chapter in the history of Oman, the Arabian Peninsula, Indian Ocean, and Eastern Africa, but also the architecture of this period has created the identity of Omani architecture as we know it today. Nonetheless, there is no architectural production in this era both in the major references and scientific publications of Islamic architecture in the 17th and 18th centuries. Through field research, comparative analysis, and literature review of the history of Omani architecture, especially in the 17th -18th centuries, this research examines the military architecture in Oman during Al-Ya'ariba Imamate including its reference, and its influence on other architectures. It is a contribution to the scientific endeavour to address this specific architectural typology from the perspective of its mechanism of (trans) formation and its continuity of forms until the contemporary architecture of Oman [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since antiquity Man has been fascinated by the variations in human (and animal) growth. Stories and art abound about giants and little people. Modern genetics have solved some of etiologies at both extremes of growth. Serious study began with the pathophysiology of acromegaly followed by early attempts at treatment culminating in modern endoscopic surgery and multiple pharmacologic agents. Virtually at the same time experiments with the removal of the pituitary from laboratory animals noted the slowing or stopping of linear growth and then over a few decades the extraction and purification of a protein within the anterior pituitary that restored, partially or in full, the animal's growth. Human growth hormone was purified decades after those from large animals and it was noted that it was species specific, that is, only primate growth hormone was metabolically active in primates. That was quite unlike the beef and pork insulins which revolutionized the care of children with diabetes mellitus. A number of studies included mild enzymatic digestion of beef growth hormone to determine if those "cores" had biologic activity in primates and man. Tantalizing data showed minimal but variable metabolic efficacy leading to the "active core" hypothesis, for these smaller peptides would be amenable to peptide synthesis in the time before recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA changed the landscape remarkably promising nearly unlimited quantities of metabolically active hormone. Eight indications for therapeutic use have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration and a large number of clinical trials have been undertaken in multiple other conditions for which short stature in childhood is a sign. The future predicts other clinical indications for growth hormone therapy (and perhaps other components of the GH?IGF-1 axis), longer-acting analogues and perhaps a more physiologic method of administration as virtually all methods at present are far from physiologic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Angles: French Perspectives on the Anglophone World is the property of Societe des Anglicistes de l Enseignement Superieur and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Security: Theory & Practice / Bezpieczeństwo.Teoria i Praktyka is the property of Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, AFM Publishing Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay explores how the funeral procession for the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V functioned to shape the role of his successor, Philip as king. It addresses the exchange or royal power as enacted symbolically, spatially, and temporally. It describes the highlights of the funeral procession which was held in the Belgian city of Brussels that created a spectacle of royal strength. The article also examines the ritualization of power based on the conflation of a funeral procession and the subsequent coronation of King Phillip.

The article examines the artworks of Federico Zuccaro in the basilica of San Lorenzo de el Escorial created for Philip II, the King of Spain. The author explains that Zucarro was the most distinguished Italian painter to be commissioned by Philip II to work on the ambitious decorative scheme of the Escorial. Zucarro is said to have painted the high altar-piece of the basilica, the reliquary altars on the side, and the frescoes in the great cluster. The author reports that Zuccaro failed to live up to his famous reputation and did not meet the high expectations of King Phillip, who was disappointed with the artwork that was presented for the Escorial.

What did early modern European audiences make of the iridescent surfaces of colonial Mexican featherwork? While much previous scholarship relates their appeal to brightness, they also exhibit chromatic instability activated by alterations in the angle of illumination or view. This plurality of viewing experiences mirrored those provided by a range of other popular forms of contingent media such as anamorphic and ambiguous images. In ways both similar and distinct, featherwork exposed conventions of pictorial representation and the limitations of the sense of sight itself, embodying an epistemological dilemma that was especially important to the intellectual culture of seventeenth-century Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first mention of Gonneville's land occurs in Abbé Jean Paulmier's Mémoires of 1664 petitioning the Pope to approve a Christian mission to the as yet undiscovered Terres australes. Central to Paulmier's argument was the extract from a document purporting to be the travel account of a sixteenth-century navigator, Gonneville. The extract details how the unknown land was discovered after the navigator's ship L'Espoir had lost its way and landed in the fabled Terres australes, south-east of the Cape of Good Hope. His utopian account of the unknown land played an important role in French voyages of discovery during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. After Cook's refutation of the existence of a Great South Land, Gonneville's land was identified in the nineteenth century as being in Brazil. Recent scholarship, however, has revealed that Gonneville and his story were probably invented by Paulmier. This article examines how and why the Gonneville story became part of the history of French exploration, then details the elements which led to its being discredited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between the years 1646 and 1648, António Vieira maintained close contact with the Portuguese-Jewish community of Amsterdam, in particular with Menasseh ben Israel, a rabbi of Portuguese-converso origin. Under interrogation by the Inquisition, Vieira characterized this period of his life as the one in which he began to elaborate his messianic thesis of the so-called Fifth Empire. Unlike ben Israel, however, Vieira maintained that the Fifth Empire would arrive when the Jews recognized Christ as the messiah. Moreover, commanded by a Portuguese emperor-king, these Fifth Empire Christianized Jews would have their own political state, king, and cultural ceremonies. Always a missionary, Vieira argued that Jews would convert to the Catholic faith without the use of force as long as their idiosyncratic expectations were accepted, much like the Asian peoples and Indians of the New World, who, despite having been converted by the Jesuits, maintained some of their customs, beliefs, and institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the contributions of the planned or designed landscape to the development of settlements in New Mexico. Topics discussed include agriculture as a key component of settlement formation in New Mexico, human open-space development suggested by the essays of J.B. Jackson of La Cienega, New Mexico, and the nature of open-space or landscape architectural design.

The elusive characterization of Baddo, wife of the sixth-century Visigothic king Reccared, as the offspring of the famous king Arthur has hitherto been considered an early modern invention of historiographers. This article, however, brings forth some evidence that allows us to trace the origin of such a surprising filiation back to the Middle Ages. Although the name of Baddo, attested in Visigothic documentation, was absent from sources during the remaining medieval centuries, a wife of Reccared emerges in two late thirteenth-century hagiographical texts composed in Zaragoza. Both present the queen as filia regis Artus, and the examination of their manuscript transmission makes it plausible that they were the source of early modern assertions relative to Baddo's Arthurian descent. Further analyzing the context and motives that led the hagiographer to include Arthur in Visigothic genealogies, this study contributes to ongoing discussions regarding the early circulation of Arthuriana in the Iberian Peninsula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regional government of the autonomous region of Catalonia and the central government of Spain have started a public conflict in recent years. The situation, originally domestic, has spread internationally in an effort of the regional government to attract external support to their political claims. The EU has become the object of desire of both contenders seeking international legitimacy for their actions. The current research aims to clarify the three-way relations and tries to establish the truth about the different positions held in this conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an analysis of Chimalpahin's additions to Francisco López de Gómara's Historia de la conquista de México. In his account, Chimalpahin draws attention to the plurality of ethnic states, their cultural practices, and political conflicts. In this article, the author argues that Chimalpahin's modifications depict a Nahua version of the conquest in which the emphasis on the native's active participation reflects its effect in the outcome of the war even though such contributions are often unseen in the most representative narratives of the event. It shows that Chimalpahin participates in the production of an indigenous collective memory and that he had the agency to create an account that clarifies, and even challenges, Spanish-centered narratives such as López de Gómara's work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines the role of Giuseppe Verdi's opera Aida (premiered in 1871) within Egyptian Khedive (viceroy) Ismail Pasha's broader scheme of cultural Europeanization. Although Aida is one of the most researched works of classical music, no scholars have approached the geopolitical implications of the commissioning of Aida with any depth. By placing Aida alongside Ismail's other opportunities to show off his new vision for Egypt, including the completion of the Suez Canal, the 1867 Exposition universelle, and the architecture of the Khedivial Opera House, this paper reveals the political background of the opera and highlights Egyptian agency in its conception. This essay also clarifies Verdi's role, both his selection for, and acceptance of, the Aida commission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scholarly & Research Communication is the property of CISP Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to Grotius in his Inleiding (2.36.6), the actual use of two houses by the same owner could lead to the implied grant of a servitude if he transferred one of the houses to someone else, 'without any mention either the one way or the other'. Various interpretations of this text exist, but the consensus is lacking. In this article, the author investigates the meaning and influence of Grotius's position on implied servitudes in both his time and the following centuries. This research shows how Grotius's opinion progressed from Bartolus's approach to implied servitudes and sheds new light on the creation of servitudes by means of destinatione patris familias in the Netherlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines two interrelated critiques of colonialism by the Wampanoags that highlight its immorality. Topics discussed include Wampanoag counter-narratives of white patriotic fantasy of the supposed First Thanksgiving, the recorded interpretation of the event from Pumetacom, also known as King Philip, and the Pequot preacher William Apess' interpretation of the first Thanksgiving.

The Negro Tower, in El Algar, Cartagena (Region of Murcia, Spain), is a building which dates to 1585. It is a tower built in a rural environment, inland from the coast, to alert and protect the population from pirate attacks. It was part of the network of watchtowers and defense posts along the coast of Murcia built between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The tower is protected as a historical monument, but its state of conservation is very poor. For this reason, a comprehensive study has been carried out to ensure its correct restoration and future conservation. Historical and constructive analysis has allowed us to discover the social, cultural and architectural characteristics of the tower. Digital photogrammetry and 3D laser scanning compatible with classic topography have been used for the graphic survey of the tower. All this information has permitted the elaboration of thorough three-dimensional modelling and the proposal of a volumetric recomposition of the tower. The presentation will set out the working methodology followed as well as the important results achieved. This research work aims to contribute to the recognition and correct conservation of the Tower. The graphic survey and the three-dimensional model obtained will allow the recovery of the tower and its integration into the natural environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Society of Jesus sprang from the devout faith of a sidelined soldier who traded in his weapons to form a militant order of Catholic Reformers sworn to serve the Papacy as missionary soldiers of Christ. Specialization in education led Jesuits to roles as theologians of the 16th Century, including as members of the School of Salamanca, whose Jesuit members mostly took pro-market positions on free enterprise. One learned Jesuit in particular deviated from his order's default position of papal dirigisme to become an enemy of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]