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Copyright of Index: Revista de Arte Contemporaneo is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature to date on body dissatisfaction and suicide. A moderate and mediated regression analysis suggests that the relationship between these two variables is mediated by depression, anxiety, impulse control, self-esteem, and hopelessness. The relationship is not moderated by gender, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status. The implications for mental health practitioners are discussed in relation to management strategies for body dissatisfaction and suicide risk. Another finding showed that psychological distress had a significant effect on performance achievement and served as a mediating variable for the effect of social justice on performance achievement. This study only focused on the effect of psychological distress on the performance achievement of human resources in the context of Islamic microfinance institutions. Besides, in explaining the model, this study only focused on one point of view of the grand theory, i.e., social exchange theory. This study provided information on alternative strategies in managing and minimizing the risks of psychological distress to improve performance achievement in Islamic microfinance institutions. Apart from that, this study also provided an overview of how to manage social exchange relationships in the context of an organization, so they could be well-maintained. This study examined the effect of psychological distress on the performance achievement of human resources in the context of Islamic microfinance institutions. This study also specifically examined the role of formal justice and social justice as an antecedent of psychological distress. Eventually, this study used the perspective of social exchange theory for the first time in explaining the psychological distress model on the performance achievement of human resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study explores how women diagnosed with breast cancer may be supported by physicians and nurses during physical and existential changes related to oncoplastic breast surgery in Denmark. The following research questions were addressed: (a) how do women experience oncoplastic breast surgery, and (b) how does cancer treatment affect their body image? Design: A descriptive qualitative study design with a six‐step thematic analysis influenced by Braun and Clarke was applied in this study. This paper has been prepared in accordance with the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. Methods: Fourteen in‐depth interviews with seven women diagnosed with breast cancer were conducted from August 2018 to March 2019. In this qualitative study, data analysis was performed concurrent with data construction, recognizing that the process of analysis and making sense of data should start during the interviews. We explicitly frame the discussion of the findings in a theory of embodiment influenced by Merleau‐Ponty, consistent with the construct of exploring human experiences to generate meaningful knowledge for applied practice. Results: Two overall themes with related subthemes were identified: (1) 'Treatment is required for life‐threatening cancer', and (2) 'Striving for a new normal body'. Across both themes, women's experiences reflected a 'time pendulum' as they contemplated their past identity, their current rationale and their transition to a future beyond breast cancer with a changed body. Conclusion: Participants reflected on their past, present and future when facing an altered body image caused by their breast cancer diagnosis and oncoplastic breast surgery. The participants in the study expressed broad levels of satisfaction with the results of the oncoplastic breast surgery. The reconstructed breast helped them to live normally again, in particular maintaining interpersonal relationships. Breast reconstruction supported participants' embodiment experiences and redefinition of their 'new normal'. Impact This study showed the dynamic changes in self‐definition from receiving a breast cancer diagnosis and cancer treatment to oncoplastic breast surgery. The main finding of self‐redefinition was from the perspective of breast cancer women who were in a period of transition between post‐diagnosis and consultation for oncoplastic breast surgery. The findings indicate that advanced nurse specialists in the field of oncoplastic breast surgery can enhance psychosocial wellbeing and support women pre‐ and post‐operatively by focusing on patient experiences of self‐image and embodiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Body appreciation, defined as accepting, holding favourable attitudes towards, and respecting the body, is the most widely studied facet of positive body image. Despite more than 15 years of research investigating associations between body appreciation and psychological wellbeing constructs, a synthesis of this literature has yet to be performed. We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis of research on body appreciation and its psychological correlates. Two-hundred-forty papers were included, of which only eight investigated prospective associations. Random effects meta-analyses were performed on 35 cross-sectional correlates of body appreciation. Prospective associations were reviewed qualitatively. Meta-analyses showed that body appreciation was inversely associated with numerous indices of eating (eating pathology, restraint) and body image disturbances (appearance-ideal internalization, body surveillance, sociocultural pressures), and general psychopathology (depression, anxiety). Body appreciation was positively associated with several adaptive wellbeing constructs (self-esteem, self-compassion, sexual satisfaction). Crucially, pooled associations were still evident after controlling for the influence of negative body image. Qualitative synthesis showed that body appreciation may also promote better wellbeing over time. Findings confirm that body appreciation is consistently associated with better psychological wellbeing. Body appreciation shows promise as a viable intervention target in mental health promotion initiatives and eating disorder prevention programs. • A meta-analysis of body appreciation and its correlates was performed from 240 papers. • Meta-analyses revealed negative correlations between body appreciation and psychopathology constructs. • Meta-analyses revealed positive correlations between body appreciation and wellbeing constructs. • Associations were not explained by negative body image. • Body appreciation may be a viable intervention target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Some kinds of foods, by producing an effect like addiction, may trigger overeating. This paper aims to investigate whether excessive chocolate consumption and hunger cause food addiction. Design/methodology/approach: Food cravings questionnaire-trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r), food cravings questionnaire-state (FCQ-S) and eating attitude test-26 (EAT-26) scales were used. The relation between chocolate addiction, anthropometric measurements, demographic characteristics, eating behavior of the people were analyzed. The study was conducted on 864 individuals between 17 and 64 years old (men = 327, women = 537). Findings: As the body mass index (BMI) of the individuals increased, chocolate craving, chocolate hunger, thought of eating chocolate, lack of control of chocolate increased. Also, significant correlations were determined with BMI, respectively, (r = 0.39; r = 0.32; r = 0.33; r = 0.29; p < 0.001). The lack of control overeating chocolate, craving for chocolate was found to be higher in female participants than in male participants. It was seen that craving for chocolate decreases (r = −0.17; p < 0.001) with increasing age; this was more apparent in male participants compared to female participants. Besides, significant correlation was found (r = 0.76, p < 0.05) between the EAT-26, the craving to eat chocolate in this study. It was seen that individual, who were excessively eager to consume chocolate, exhibited abnormal eating behavior (29.50 ± 12.09). This showed that there is a positive relation (r = 0.08, p < 0.001) between food addiction, eating attitude disorder. Originality/value: Food craving increases the consumption of food, especially chocolate, sugar, with high carbohydrate content and energy. This can lead to overeating and being overweight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross‐cultural research into body image often takes for granted the cultural differences in body ideals that may account for variations in body image experience. Male body image across cultures is also poorly understood. Applying methods of cognitive anthropology to cross‐cultural male body ideals, this paper tests whether universalist or particularist approaches to body image better account for cultural variation. Results suggest that Americans and South Koreans draw from different cultural models in determining which features of male bodies warrant attention, as predicted by a particularist approach. Moreover, elements important for Korean male body image were found to lack emic validity among Americans, and vice‐versa. Considering significant variations in the elements of male bodies attended to, cross‐cultural body image research should more closely examine the cultural assumptions about bodies implicit in measurements to ensure that measurements are not just translated correctly, but also emically meaningful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The number of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in a constant rise, especially in the low and middle income countries. They could be highly prevented by implementing programs that will help in promoting health and changing harmful behaviors. The aim of this paper is to show that Rebound exercisesis a great example of such physical activity. Material and method. The study plan was designed to asses both physical and functional explorations, ultrasound scans, self-perception of body image and laboratory parameters for each patient. A total of 64 parameters were analyzed: 44 anthropometric parameters and 20 body composition parameters from 80 participants. The subjects were analyzed for a period of 6 months. Results and discussions. Parameters were analyzed at the beginning of the study (07.02.2019), after 3 months (25.05.2019) and at the end (26.09.2019). The results showed improvements in all utilized parameters. Conclusions. This study offers a novel perspective on Kangoo jumps practice. People with spine problems, diabetes, overweight levels, improved their health, got rid of back pain, lost weight and had a more toned body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper used a structural perspective to examine unmet healthcare needs in women at risk for eating disorders in Canada utilizing the Canadian Community Health Survey. The results revealed that body dissatisfied women had reported significantly higher unmet needs compared to body satisfied women (χ 2(1) =29.31, p <.05). Body dissatisfied women were also more likely to identify structural reasons for unmet needs. Considering the high costs associated with eating disorders, barriers creating inequitable health services need to be addressed in clinical practice, organizational structures, policy, and in research to improve treatment pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative, 8-month study analyzed first-grade children's playful responses to literature in the classroom context. The broad purpose of this research was to investigate the ways that children construct meaning as they respond to literature through play as a form of reader response. The findings presented in this paper highlight the ways the children interpreted and reflected upon body image and ideals of beauty and the ways in which they enacted/performed gender and gender roles as they responded to literature through play. These findings suggest that, as critical readers of texts, children demonstrate great depth in their explorations and analyses of gender and beauty through their responsive play, that the potential for play as a form of reader response is immense, and that the intersection of responsive play and young children's critical literacies requires further investigation, in and out of the classroom setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health profession programs routinely utilize traditional interviews in admissions as a means of assessing important non-academic characteristics (e.g., critical thinking, interpersonal skills, judgment) of candidates. However, the reliability and validity of traditional interviews is highly questionable. Given this, multiple health profession programs (e.g., medicine, nursing, pharmacy, physical therapy) have implemented multiple mini-interviews as an alternative for assessing non-academic characteristics. This paper describes the development and implementation of multiple mini-interviews in the admissions process for a doctoral clinical psychology program, one of the health professions yet to use multiple mini-interviews. This paper also examines the feasibility and acceptability of the multiple mini-interviews in this program. Results of a mixed-method survey of all 120 candidates who participated in admissions days are presented along with discussion of factors associated with satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Recommendations for program refinement and application to other graduate psychology programs for improved admissions processes are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes in the use of virtual reality when used to induce full-body ownership in violent offenders in order to elicit empathetic feelings by allowing them to embody the virtual body of a victim of domestic abuse. The authors explore potentially harmful effects to individuals participating in this kind of therapy and question whether consent is fully informed. The paper concludes with guidelines for ethical research and rehabilitation using this innovative technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Radical orchidectomy in patients who are subsequently diagnosed with benign testicular tumours represents an overtreatment due to the deleterious effects on endogenous testosterone, fertility and body image. For these reasons, the option of partial orchidectomy (PO) should be considered in certain groups of patients. Patients with bilateral tumours (synchronous or metachronous) or a solitary testis where the lesion is no greater than 30% of the volume of the testis could be considered for a PO. Evidence has shown that PO is effective for small testicular masses with excellent survival and recurrence rates. Objectives: Highlight the feasibility of maintaining post‐operative fertility or normal semen parameters and endocrine function following PO. Materials and Methods: Data for this review were obtained through a search of the PubMed database. Papers were required to be in English and focus on adult human males. Results: Eligible and relevant papers were assessed for data regarding fertility, semen parameters and endocrine function following PO for a small testicular mass (STM). Conclusion: It is possible to preserve both fertility and endocrine function after PO. Although patients may still require adjuvant radiotherapy for concomitant intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) which results in subfertility, endocrine function is still conserved. However, it is possible to postpone radiotherapy and continue with clinical surveillance for the purposes of fertility preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of continuous development, robot technology has been widely used in aerospace, medical, education, and service industries, and the relationship between robots and people is getting closer and closer. The improvement of robot intelligence is a process of continuous learning of external knowledge. Since the introduction of human-computer interaction technology, it has provided more and more technical support for human research robots. This paper firstly takes Tai Chi as an example, analyzes and deconstructs its standard Tai Chi putter movements, and obtains the corresponding movement parameter information. Then, the human body depth image and bone structure are obtained through the kinect sensor, and the human joint position data is recorded, and then the coordinate data is sent to the brain robot, thereby realizing the imitation learning of the robot's push movements in Tai Chi. The experimental results show that the proposed method can simulate the practice process of inversion of Tai Chi, can well analyze the shortcomings in the practice process, and can then promote the development of the sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the concept of esthetics and body image are trending lately, there is increased demand for the correction of facial or dental defects. In such times, an orthodontist needs to carefully assess if the defect is for real or is been simply a perceived physical defect by an individual, wherein it then becomes a psychological condition to be dealt with. Patients with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) focus on physical defects that are unnoticed by others. Hence, it becomes important for an orthodontist to be aware of this condition before starting with the treatment, as the patient would be dis-satisfied in spite of the treatment. This paper focuses on the etiology, identification, risk factors involved, implications for orthodontics and management of Body dysmorphic disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GRRRL™'s social media presence includes a variety of accounts across platforms, but this paper specifically focuses on the brand's public Instagram account, @grrrl clothing. Millions of posts on social media platforms are dedicated to the documentation of transformation of self through fitness, particularly the transformation of female bodies. Using GRRRL™'s Instagram account @grrrl clothing as a case study, this paper seeks to better understand the ways that transformation through fitness relates to the production of subjectivity on social media. GRRRL™ - a fitness brand that describes itself as the "world's first activewear brand for ALL bodies"[1] - and their social media accounts are one small part of this much larger eco-system of fitness-based social media. [Extracted from the article]

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effects of demographic and obstetric variables with body image on sexual dysfunction in pregnant women. Background: Sexual dysfunction is frequent in pregnant women. To what extent body image plays a role is incompletely understood. Methods: In the research, a cross‐sectional and comparative study was conducted. A personal information form, body image scale, and female sexual function index were applied to 472 pregnant women. Descriptive statistics, the Student t‐test, the χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis were employed for evaluating the data. Results: Sexual dysfunction was found in 54.7%. The frequency of sexual dysfunction in the first trimester was lower. In addition, factors like the place of residence of the pregnant women and number of pregnancies were found to be related to sexual dysfunction in pregnant women. Each unit decrease in body image score resulted in women being 0.98 times more likely to experience sexual dysfunction. Conclusion: It was determined that approximately one in two pregnant women experienced sexual dysfunction, and body image, place of residence, trimester of the pregnancy, and number of pregnancies were important factors affecting sexual function. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Many factors cause sexual dysfunction, and one of these factors in women is pregnancy.In addition to the anatomical, physiological, and psychological changes caused by pregnancy, some demographic and obstetric variables can affect sexuality during pregnancy.To what extent body image plays role on sexual dysfunction in pregnancy is incompletely understood. What this paper adds? Approximately one in two pregnant women experienced sexual dysfunction in this study.We determined body image, living place, trimester of the pregnancy, and number of pregnancies were important factors affecting sexual function. The implications of this paper: The integration of findings with prenatal care services can be used to assess risk factors and provide protective services.Sexual dysfunction in pregnancy should be considered in the presentation of prenatal care services.Body image and all other variables should be considered as part of holistic follow up of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Culture & Communication / Kültür ve İletişim is the property of Imge Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Movimento (0104754X) is the property of Movimento, da Escola de Educacao, Fisica, Fisioterapia e Danca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity, alcohol use, burnout and compassion satisfaction among physician trainees in New South Wales, Australia, and examine links between personal, demographic and lifestyle factors. Methods: A total of 67 physician trainees were recruited to the study. Fifty-nine completed the online survey (88% response rate). Outcome measures included the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Professional Quality of Life Scale and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Results: Approximately half the respondents met screening criteria for depression (53%), stress (51%) and anxiety (46%). Secondary traumatic stress was exceptionally high across the cohort, with higher scores in females (P = 0.001). The main reasons for not seeking help for depression or anxiety were lack of time (81%), fear of lack of confidentiality or privacy (41%), embarrassment (39%) and effect on registration (27%). Eighty-eight per cent of respondents agreed that doctors feel they need to portray a healthy image, but only 54% engaged in regular exercise and 24% slept ≤6 h each day. Conclusion: The results demonstrate high levels of non-psychotic psychiatric morbidity among physician trainees and a need to improve their well-being. Workplace systems need to promote healthy work environments and support physician trainees through good mentorship and supervision. What is known about the topic?: Doctors' health and patient care can be affected when doctors experience burnout and psychiatric morbidity. What does this paper add?: This paper adds to the evidence of psychiatric morbidity, burnout, secondary trauma and increased demographic data on a cohort of junior doctors undertaking speciality training. In addition, it provides reasons for not seeking help and positive and negative coping methods used by these junior doctors. What are the implications for practitioners?: The level of distress is high and requires system changes to support both individual health measures and structural change to work and study programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morality is conceived as a form of cognition that determines social values and behaviors. Nevertheless, traditional representational cognitive explanations have been unsatisfactory. Alternative theories are the embodiment, which considers that the body, action, and context constitute cognition. These approaches offer a revolutionary perspective in the study of morality, making it possible to overcome the limitations of more traditional positions. Therefore, this work sought to analyze the characteristics and main results of the articles published between 1980 and 2022 that have addressed morality from an embodied cognition perspective. A scoping review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement. Fifty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. These papers showed that research on embodied morality has increased in the last decade, especially empirical research, and has been primarily concerned with the relationship between sensorimotor metaphors and moral behavior. In particular, the authors report the following associations: perception of disgust with immorality, cleanliness of body and hands with reduction of distress caused by wrong actions, body weight with guilt, and body openness with immorality. Furthermore, few studies were found outside of North America and Europe, showing a lack of research in other world areas where it could have critical applications, such as Africa or South America. The applications were primarily theoretical, although political, clinical, and social uses were also explored. We recommend several pathways for future research in this area based on these findings. First, sample diversity should be expanded regarding participants' age, social, cultural, and economic background. Future research should include practitioners from disciplines other than psychology and neuroscience, as embodied morality encompasses social, economic, and linguistic factors. Regarding the methods used, future research could implement more situated techniques that consider the body and environmental, relational, and cultural factors. Lastly, we recommend that researchers in this area continue replicating the results, which gives them greater validity and broadens their theories by implementing different and diverse methods and samples and studying new body aspects. 1) there is a gradual increase during the 20th century in publications, reflecting a developing disciplinary field; 2) the samples used to be university students, limiting the generalization of the results; 3) the most consistent association between morality and the body refers to the use of sensorimotor metaphors about disgust, cleanliness, openness, and body weight; and 4) the most used methods continue to be the classic moral dilemmas, which indicates that a methodological break towards more situated and ecological methods is still required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the effects of model fidelity and parameter uncertainty on the performance of a hybrid model-based feedback-feedforward control scheme for attitude tracking of a satellite with flexible appendages. The feedforward component is an inverse model-based term produced through a computational approach known as inverse simulation (InvSim), which works by iteratively solving a discretised reference trajectory. The hybrid controller's feedback is proportional-derivative (PD) based, using body attitude and rate feedback to provide stability and robustness. Furthermore, to ensure that the flexible modes do not trigger instability, the PD control gains are tuned to give a closed-loop response that is significantly slower than the flexible modes. Additionally, excitation of the flexible modes is reduced by minimising jerk through polynomial rest-to-rest manoeuvres, following the shortest quaternion path using spherical–linear-interpolation (SLERP). The effects of the appendage flexing on attitude tracking are then compensated through the feedforward element of the hybrid controller, with performance being compared to a traditional PD tracking law. The effect of the model fidelity on the performance of the hybrid controller is investigated through the use of both rigid body and multiple-fidelity finite-element mathematical models. Additionally, the effect of uncertainties in the model parameters is investigated to determine the accuracy of the model required to obtain significant improvement in attitude tracking. It is found that in the absence of any model parameter uncertainty, the hybrid controller outperforms the PD tracking control law by at least one order of magnitude when the finite-element model is used. Increasing the number of finite elements was found to provide no significant improvement in performance, with one element being sufficient and favourable with its lower computational overhead. It was also found that to ensure good performance compared to the PD tracking controller, the uncertainty in the inertia tensor should be < 1%. Similarly, uncertainty in the first flexible modal frequency should be < 0.5 rad/s. • Inverse simulation (InvSim) used to produce model-based feedforward control. • Combined with PD feedback to improve attitude tracking. • Effects of model uncertainty and fidelity on model-based control investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first-person perspective, developed by Husserl for the scientific study of consciousness, consists of formal categories which can be used both for the analyses of consciousness as such and its concrete forms. Evidence (Evidenz), the central category in this approach, characterizes consciousness as knowledge. This paper presents the phenomenology of changes in perception and embodiment which lead to evidence for religious/spiritual experience (RE). Such change develops over time via contemplative practice, but also can be a part of spontaneous RE. Because of the presence of evidence, RE containing the change of perception are presentational (as distinct from appresentative). This temporally extended evidence concerns reality's giving of itself, granted that the main distinction between religious and non-religious experience is in the kind of reality to which they refer: physical in the case of non-religious, and 'ultimate' in the case of religious experience. Involving flesh and the reversibility of the body, the change in such complex RE also entails the transmutation of emotion from negative to positive. I compare these findings with Husserl's analysis of religious experience in HUA XVII, and argue that grounding religious experience in the preconceived idea of God, as Husserl does, limits RE to regressive forms which do not constitute knowledge. Such experiences remain teleologically directed at the world-horizon. By contrast, REs grounded in change of perception have a different teleology and do constitute knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

J. M. Barrie (1860–1937) remains best known as the creator of Peter Pan (1904), celebrated as a whimsical eccentric who wrote sad stories about lost children. In his own day, however, he was respected as Scotland's leading dramatist and a trenchant social critic. His writings from the years following the First World War are much darker in tone than his earlier work, as a series of intense personal bereavements shook his aesthetic embrace of Christian Humanism. God exists in Barrie's post-war works as the presence of absence, a vacancy where the divine ought to be but where an inexplicable experience of bereavement hangs instead. This paper considers the nature of God's absence in two of Barrie's major post-war works, the drama Mary Rose (1920) and the lecture Courage (1922), through the interrelated images of the crucified body of Christ and the absent λόγος. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Rates of diseases caused by poor diet have seen no reduction in recent years. In this scenario, nutritional information labels and health claims could play a decisive role in modifying product attitudes and purchase intention (consequently, eating habits). In this frame, the first objective is to analyze the role of three antecedents on attitudes toward nutritional labels and credibility from health claims. These three starting antecedents are as follows: psychological characteristics of the consumer associated with eating disorders, body image attitudes and affective reactions (pleasure and arousal). Second, this paper aims to analyze if both elements (attitudes toward nutritional labels and credibility from health claims) improve (or not) food product attitudes and then, its purchase intention. Design/methodology/approach: The sample comprised 300 young people between 18 and 25 years old. They provided their opinion about a healthy product by completing a structured and personal questionnaire after inspecting the packaging. Path analysis with partial least squares (PLS) was carried out to test the hypotheses stated. Findings: First, psychological characteristics associated with eating disorders (self-concept and self-esteem) have a positive significant influence on body image attitudes. Second, attitudes toward their body image have a great effect on the perception that these consumers have about the information provided by healthy food packaging. Insofar as those whose attitudes toward their body image is "damaged" seek in the nutritional label indications that make them feel calm understanding that the food they are going to buy is not harmful to their health. Moreover, credibility from health claims improves positive attitudes toward the nutritional label. On the contrary, those consumers with higher punctuations in body image assigned lower values to those items concerning nutritional information and health claims in the packaging. Third, if attitudes to nutritional information improve, then product attitudes improve too. Fourth, if product attitudes improve, then purchase intention improves too. So, food product managers should be aware of the need to improve product attitudes by working on the packaging (label and claim) to improve purchase intention. Originality/value: First, although previous literature has investigated individual psychological characteristics related to food disorders in the health area, the study of these specific individual psychological characteristics (ineffectiveness, perfectionism, interpersonal distrust, interceptive awareness, maturity fears), is under-researched in the marketing discipline. Second, to date, different authors have investigated how important the use of credibility from health claims in packaging can be in terms of increasing product attitudes and purchase intention, as well as the development of positive attitudes toward nutritional information on the label. However, the joint study of both information sources in the packaging (credibility from health claims and attitudes toward nutritional labels) remains under-investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns Plato's characterization of the body as the soul's tool. I take perception as an example of the body's usefulness. I explore the Timaeus' view that perception provides us with models of orderliness. Then, I argue that perception of confusing sensible objects is necessary for our cognitive development too. Lastly, I consider the instrumentality relationship more generally and its place in Plato's teleological worldview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triaenonychidae is a family of Opiliones with almost 500 described species distributed in the southern continents. Recent work has provided a solid phylogenetic foundation based on Sanger and ultraconserved element molecular sequence data that resulted in a global reorganisation of the family. In this study, we turn to the South American triaenonychids, aggregating sequences of three markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I), re-examining the position of additional South American species and confirming the existence of a new genus. We provide novel information regarding the external morphology of 10 of the 11 South American genera of Triaenonychidae, based on stereomicroscope and SEM images of the body and genitalia. In addition, a new genus Adrianonyx gen. nov. and two new species, Adrianonyx contulmo sp. nov. from the Monumento Natural Contulmo (Chile) and Adrianonyx crypticus sp. nov. from the Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (Chile) are described. Triaenonychidae is a family of Opiliones distributed in the southern continents. In this paper we focused on the South American triaenonychids, aggregating sequences of three markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I), re-examining the position of additional South American species. In addition, we describe a new genus Adrianonyx gen. nov. and two new species, Adrianonyx contulmo sp. nov. from the Monumento Natural Contulmo and Adrianonyx crypticus sp. nov. from the Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recent research has documented the potential associations existing between the use of social media (SM) and the occurrence/development and treatment of Eating Disorders (ED). However, the literature directly addressing the use of SM TikTok among children and adolescents with ED is still scarce. Methods: In January–February 2021, during the second Italian national lockdown due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an anonymous paper survey was conducted in an Italian third-level center for ED in childhood and adolescence. Demographics, frequency of use of TikTok, frequently viewed topics and hashtags, experienced body-shaming, as well as the use of TikTok (active search, use of proposed contents) and perceived influences of this SM on eating attitudes and self-esteem were assessed. Groups of patients with different perceived SM-induced effects were compared to determine the frequency of their interaction with 3 specific contents (diet, Pro-Anorexia Nervosa (pro-Ana) and pro-ED recovery). Results: Seventy-eight patients (93.6% females, mean age 14.5 ± 2.1 years) were enrolled in the study. For 62.8%, TikTok represented the main SM, used for 1.4 ± 1.0 h/day, with diet (21.8%) as the most frequently used topic category. Pro-Ana and pro-ED recovery contents ("#foryou" and "#edrecovery" as the most frequent, respectively) were both actively searched by patients and proposed by the SM in a significant number of cases. For 59.0%, using TikTok reduced self-esteem, while 26.9% reported TikTok-related significant changes in their daily lives, and 3.8% reported experiences of body-shaming. Patients describing a negative effect of TikTok on their self-esteem more frequently searched and browsed "diet" (p = 0.007) and pro-ED recovery (p = 0.007) contents. Positive qualitative feedback on the SM was also reported. Conclusions: This study documents the use of the SM TikTok among children and adolescents with ED. Individuals with a perceived negative effect of this SM on their self-esteem may show greater interaction with specific content. Further studies are needed to investigate the psychopathological factors influencing the relationship between ED and the use of SM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deepfake technology has been undoubtedly growing at a rapid pace since 2017. Particularly since using GAN architecture was popularized, research in this area has grown and seems to only be gaining momentum. One interesting area is animating images of full body humans using deep learning. This paper looks at the research done in this area and research that can influence it by looking at papers regarding human pose transfer, human motion transfer, and human motion generation. All of these types of papers have similar requirements, where a target pose must be abstracted to a skeleton and combined with appearance data from a source image to generate a result. The primary difference in the three types of research is whether or not there is motion in the result and whether that motion is given as an input or generated by the model. Overall, the research in this area is still new, and with the potential applications of this technology, both good and bad, there are many avenues of potential future research in this area in both creation and detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ouvirOUver is the property of ouvirOUver and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bodily imagery elicits strong affective responses and is highly salient, potentially altering viewers' decision making. When clinicians engage surrogates in video calls showing the patient's body, several competing ethical issues must be considered. On the one hand, surrogates may require visual information to make informed decisions, and video technology closes crucial information gaps. On the other, video technology puts an increased amount of control in the hands of clinicians over how the patient's condition is perceived. This article explores some situations that can result in manipulation due to the affective impact of bodily images and the potential for selectivity and framing. Focusing on goals of care, the paper outlines the foremost ethical considerations for clinicians and provides recommendations for clinicians on how to reduce possible manipulation when making these video calls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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(1) Background: 'Images of Self' (IOS) is a recently developed and evaluated art therapy program of 15 sessions to reduce difficulties in 'sense of self', 'emotion regulation', 'flexibility', and 'social behavior' of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). In this paper, it is explored whether change in the child's behaviors corresponds to the therapist's actions during IOS and 15 weeks later. (2) Method: In a repeated case study design, twelve children and seven therapists participated. Art therapists monitored their own and the children's behavior by applying two observation instruments: the OAT (Observation of a child with autism in Art Therapy) and EAT (Evaluation of Art Therapist's behavior when working with a child with autism). Child behaviors during art making were—individually and as a group—compared with therapist's actions at three moments during the program. (3) Results: Ten of twelve children showed a substantial or moderate positive behavior change considering all OAT subscales at the end of the program and 15 weeks after treatment. Improvement of 'social behavior' stood out. Halfway treatment art therapists most prominently showed support of 'emotion regulation', 'flexibility', and 'social behavior'. Clear one-on-one relationships between changes in children's behavior and actions of therapists could not be identified. (4) Conclusion: The study provides new insights in the AT treatment process by monitoring children's and therapists' behavior. The art making itself and the art therapy triangle (child, art making, therapist) offer opportunities to improve verbal and nonverbal communication skills of the child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescence is a developmental period in which disordered eating and negative body image are highly prevalent, yet their risk factors are insufficiently understood and targeted. Despite research implicating both teasing and bullying victimization in the development of eating disorders, these strands of research are yet to be integrated. This systematic review hence aimed to identify whether teasing and bullying victimization are associated with greater risk of eating disorders and body image disturbance for adolescents. Systematic searches of PsycINFO and PubMed databases identified 79 papers that included quantitative analyses of the relationship between weight-related or nonspecific teasing or bullying victimization and disordered eating or body image disturbance. Overall, studies indicated that adolescents who are teased or bullied are more likely to experience disordered eating and negative body image compared to nonvictimized adolescents. This was more consistently observed in cross-sectional studies than in longitudinal findings. We identify several methodological limitations of the literature, including the infrequent consideration of potential mediating and moderating variables. Finally, we outline future directions such as temporal sequencing of the complex interrelationships among teasing and bullying, disordered eating, and body image disturbance in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precise characterization of concealed person-worn objects will speed up the passenger screening process by reducing the rate of nuisance alarms, while also enhancing the airport security imaging systems. This paper presents an automatic, real-time method for wideband millimeter-wave radar identification of the nominal surface contours of the human body – even with affixed foreign objects or when a segment of the body cross-section is not captured by the radar – without relying on the body's bilateral symmetry. The developed method is verified experimentally when applied to the actual images generated by a laboratory airport scanning prototype developed recently by the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Our method uses the noisy collection of radar cross-section reflectivity data to extract the main contours and estimates the nominal body surface cross-sections through fitting a small-term Fourier series of circumferential variation. This is a necessary step for accurate characterizing of concealed terrorist threat objects affixed to the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reason this research topic is of interest lies in the fact that the first year after birth is a major transition for all parents, especially for the mothers. Thus, the objective of the present paper is to analyse certain psychosocial factors surrounding new mothers during this period and the way in which they can accentuate feelings of incapacity and powerlessness that can contribute to the development of low self-esteem and a negatively perceived body image. These factors can adversely impact the postpartum period. Furthermore, this topic has been very little explored in the Romanian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of remote sensing images in water body recognition has become an effective method for ecological environment detection and evaluation, which has the disadvantages of low efficiency due to the existence of interpretation marks and rich interpretation experience in the current water body environment recognition, and overreliance on human experience. In this paper, the water body recognition method is applied to remote sensing images by combining the deep convolution generation network and the combined features, which has the advantage of high recognition accuracy. In the convolutional neural network, a five-layer convolutional neural network is used to construct a remote sensing water information extraction model, the transfer learning idea is introduced, and the densely connected feature fusion structure is added, so as to achieve the purposes of accelerating the convergence speed of the neural network, reducing the requirements of the neural network on the scale of training data, and reducing the loss of spatial hierarchical information and small object information. Compared with SVM, DBN, and CNN models, the experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of the proposed method is as high as 95. 69% under the constraint of scale window, which has a wide range of application scenarios and practical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle's body attitude has a great influence on some specific underwater tasks, such as topographic prospecting, target detection, etc. Therefore, this paper investigates an improved integral sliding mode control (IISMC)-based attitude controller for AUV with model uncertainties and external disturbances to improve the ability of attitude tracking for AUV. To reduce the influence of strong interference on the integral term, the Gaussian function is introduced in integral sliding mode controller. Moreover, the Lyapunov function is used to prove the stability of IISMC-based attitude control law. Finally, the numerical simulations on MATLAB/Simulink are provided to demonstrate the proposed IISMC has smaller tracking error and converges faster than Sliding Mode Control (SMC) and Integral Sliding Mode Control (ISMC)-based attitude-control laws under different disturbances. Better yet, the effectiveness of the proposed IISMC-based attitude control law is tested in field experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis (EOTRH) syndrome, has only been recognised in recent years. It occurs in older (>13 years) horses and is often not diagnosed until the lesions are quite extensive. Owners may only notice something amiss when their horse begins to refuse to bite carrots with their incisor teeth, but clinical signs and radiographs can show presence of the disease long before this time. As the aetiology of EOTRH remains uncertain, the only current treatment available is extraction of severely affected teeth. Treatment of this painful condition usually results in improvement of the horse's attitude and body condition. This paper supplies information to assist in early identification of this syndrome, which may save affected horses years of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the estimator-based Global Positioning System (GPS) attitude and angular velocity determination is presented. Outputs of the attitude estimator include the attitude angles and attitude rates or body angular velocities, depending on the design of estimator. Traditionally as a position, velocity and time sensor, the GPS also offers a free attitude-determination interferometer. GPS research and applications to the field of attitude determination using carrier phase or Doppler measurement has been extensively conducted. The raw attitude solution using the interferometry technique based on the least-squares approach is inherently noisy. The estimator such as the Kalman filter (KF) or extended Kalman filter (EKF) can be incorporated into the GPS interferometer, potentially providing several advantages, such as accuracy improvement, reliability enhancement, and real-time characteristics. Three estimator-based approaches are investigated for performance comparison, including (1) KF with measurement involving attitude angles only; (2) EKF with measurements based on attitude angles only; (3) EKF with measurements involving both attitude angles and body angular rates. The assistance from body mounted gyroscopes, if available, can be utilized as the measurements for further performance improvement, especially useful for the case of signal-challenged environment, such as the GPS outages. Modeling of the dynamic process involving the body angular rates and derivation of the related algorithm will be presented. Simulation results for various estimator-based approaches are conducted; performance comparison is presented for the case of GPS outages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socially anxious individuals may prefer social media platforms over in-person interactions. For those with high social anxiety (SA), Facebook-related tasks have been associated with anxiety, negative thoughts, and safety behaviours. However, Instagram-related research remains limited. The present study aimed to assess Instagram use alongside cognitive and behavioural processes among participants with low, medium, and high SA. We hypothesised that when using Instagram, individuals with higher SA would (1) experience more negative social cognitions, (2) report higher body image concerns, (3) endorse more safety behaviours when posting pictures, and (4) engage in more photo manipulation. A sample of 213 Instagram users completed an online survey and were divided into groups based on SA severity. The high SA group reported comparing themselves to others and being more anxious on Instagram than the low and medium SA groups. Four 3 (SA groups) x 2 (gender) ANOVAs revealed support for the first three hypotheses and that there was no interaction effect between SA and gender for all outcomes. Results expand our understanding of how specific social media platforms may be aversive for individuals with high SA, which has important implications for conceptualising the role of safety behaviours in online interactions. KEY POINTS What is already known on this topic: Individuals with high social anxiety may prefer online social interactions. Clark and Wells' cognitive model of social anxiety can be extended to the online social media platforms. Social anxiety may be underpinned by body image concerns. What this paper adds: Instagram users with social anxiety experienced more negative social media cognitions and reported more safety behaviours. Instagram users with social anxiety also experienced more body image concerns. Despite gender differences in photo manipulation, an associated relationship with social anxiety was not supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two consensus control algorithms are proposed for control of multi-agent rigid body spacecraft in orbital relative motion. In the first approach, a proportional-derivative (PD) consensus control method, an extension of the Morse-Lyapunov analysis in the framework of the tangent bundle TSE(3) associated with Lie group SE(3) is used where rotation matrices parameterize the attitude of the rigid bodies. In the second approach, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) consensus control protocol is introduced where the configurations of the rigid bodies are described in terms of the exponential coordinates associated with the Lie group SE(3). The control objective is to stabilize the relative pose configurations with velocity synchronization of the spacecraft which share their states according to a static communication topology in the presence of gravitational forces and torques. Finally, simulation examples are given to demonstrate the proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifies sociocultural factors contributing to the current emphasis on thinness, examines the negative impact this has had on women's body image, identifies major risk factors in the development of negative body image, and presents focus issues and related strategies designed to enhance body image and prevent development of related problems. (Author/ABB)

Although the library field is heavily populated by women, management positions are largely held by men. While this imbalance is frequently attributed to such factors as social structure and traditional prejudices, writers on self-esteem generally agree that a positive self-concept is significant for women aspiring to library management positions. (CDD)

Images of one's body, shared consciously or unconsciously by teacher and student, significantly influence all aspects of movement education including instructional philosophy, curriculum, and method. Discussed are the metaphors of body as beast, as machine, as objet d'art, and as child and how these metaphors affect instruction. (MT)

Claims elderly suicides are more frequent, and more likely to be multifactorial, including loneliness, isolation, depression, somatic illnesses, having suffered numerous losses, and injuries to the self-esteem (concerns regarding emptiness, uselessness, and body image). Aggressive impulses previously neutralized by work and social life now break through. Maintains elderly suicide represents an attempt to free oneself from inner conflicts. (Author/KS)

Argues that physical education should be given a more prominent place in a wholistic education. States the objectives of physical education as enhancing (1) fitness, (2) neuromuscular skills, (3) value development, and (4) intellect. (CH)

Objective: To explore men's experiences of their partner's altered physique and body image as a result of mastectomy and subsequent reconstructive surgeries. Design: A systematic review of qualitative and mixed-methods studies. Data sources: Ovid, EBSCOhost, Web of science, SCOPUS and ASSIA ProQuest databases were searched using 1) truncations of breast cancer, hereditary breast cancer and BRCA 2) words relating to partner relationships; spouse, husband, partner, men and couple 3) breast cancer surgeries; mastectomy, prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction and 4) body image. Review method: Methodological rigour was quality assessed. Results: A total of 756 citations were retrieved. Seventeen articles remained following the removal of duplicates, papers unrelated to breast cancer, male breast cancer, papers that excludedmen's experiences of their partner's breast cancer and altered body image. Thematic analysis was applied and produced five themes: experiences of the altered body, communication, impact on relationship, information giving and recommendations. Conclusion: Men indicated that perceptions of their partner's altered physique and body image, following mastectomy, was secondary to their health. Some men were distressed by their partner's bodily alterations leading to highly complex and emotive coping mechanisms. Men found talking to their partner about physique and body image challenging. Closed communication, however, often led to conflict and poor psychological well-being in both partners. To help prepare for the changes to their partner's body, men desired tailored information. Effective information giving contributes to effective coping strategies helping men to better support their partner affected or at risk from breast cancer, leading to enhanced psychological and emotional well-being in couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on participant observation in a ‘mindful weight loss’ course offered in the Netherlands, this paper explores the normative register through which mindfulness techniques cast people in relation to concerns with overeating and body weight. The women seeking out mindfulness use eating to cope with troubles in their lives and are hindered by a preoccupation with the size of their bodies. Mindfulness coaches aim to help them let go of this ‘struggle with eating’ by posing as the central question: ‘what do Ireallyhunger after?’ The self's hungers include ‘belly hunger’ but also stem from mouths, hearts, heads, noses and eyes. They cannot all be fed by food. The techniques detailed in this paper focus on recognizing and disentangling one's hungers; developing self-knowledge of and a sensitivity to what ‘feeds’ one's life; and the way one positions oneself in relation to oneself and the world. While introducing new norms, the course configures ‘goods’ and ‘bads’ in different ways altogether, shaping the worlds people come to inhabit through engaging in self-care. In particular, the hungering body is foregrounded as the medium through which life is lived. Taking a material semiotic approach, this paper makes an intervention by articulating the normative register of nourishment in contrast to normalization. Thus, it highlights anthropologists’ potential strengthening of different ways of doing normativity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Aim To synthesize qualitative descriptions of the experience of chronic pain across conditions. Background Chronic pain is a transdiagnostic symptom in that while somatic pathology plays a role in activating pain pathways, psychological and social factors contribute to the experience of pain over time. The treatment of the underlying condition may require both biomedical intervention and biopsychosocial approaches. Design Qualitative meta-synthesis using Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research ( CERQual) developed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation ( GRADE) working group to evaluate the strength of the evidence. Data sources PubMed and Ovid Medline from 2000-2015. Review methods Following a systematic search strategy all papers were assessed in relation to inclusion criteria and quality. Themes were extracted from each study and a meta-synthesis conducted before completing an evaluation of confidence in the findings. Results Forty-one papers exploring the experience of chronic pain were included in the review. Five meta-themes were identified across the studies: 1) the body as obstacle; 2) invisible but real; 3) disrupted sense of self; 4) unpredictability; and 5) keeping going. There was high confidence in the evidence for three themes: 'the body as obstacle'; 'disrupted sense of self' and 'keeping going'; and moderate confidence in the evidence for 'invisible but real' and 'unpredictability'. Conclusions The findings in this review suggest there are similarities in the experience of chronic pain across a range of conditions that have implications for the development of transdiagnostic pain management strategies and interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]