The island ofCyprus, which has hosted many civilizations throughout history, has existedwith the different ethnic and religious elements it hosts. During the Ottomansovereignty between 1571 and 1878, Muslims and non-Muslims, who formed themajority in the island, lived together for nearly 300 years. They contactedwith each other in many different areas, especially in trade, in the naturalcourse of daily life. In the Ottoman period, although the non-Muslims havecertain legal autonomy, the shar'i courts became the only place of applicationfor the settlement of legal issues between Muslims and Non-Muslims. The qadirecords of these courts were kept with care during the Ottoman period, andtoday they constitute the richest and most reliable sources of Muslim and non-Muslimrelations that have taken place in the history. From this point of view, in thestudy, the Muslim-non-Muslim relations, which were reflected in the 17thand 18th-century Cyprus qadi records, were examined under the legalframework regarding the individuals, families, heritage, goods, and debts. Yet,the vast majority of the relationships that have occurred between the twosocieties had been in these areas. In the research, it has been revealed thatthe Muslim and non-Muslim relations in Ottoman Cyprus are generally moreintense than the relations in Anatolia for the same period. In addition, it wasalso observed that the relations between the two societies were considerablystrong and positive.SummaryCyprus whichlost its social peace and serenity since having left the administration ofOttoman is still a region in ceasefire, where a permanent peace could not beestablished between Muslim and non-Muslim communities. Therefore, puttingforward the relations of Muslims and non-Muslims from Cyprus during OttomanPeriod will provide an insight on what are necessary to live in peace throughtheir historical experience, also it will contribute to eliminate theaccusation and slander against Ottoman and Muslim or non-Muslim people of theisland.The island ofCyprus, which has hosted many civilizations throughout history, has existedwith the different ethnic and religious elements it hosts. During the Ottomansovereignty between 1571 and 1878, Muslims and non-Muslims, who formed themajority in the island, lived together for nearly 300 years. They contactedwith each other in many different areas, especially in trade, in the naturalcourse of daily life. In the Ottoman period, although the non-Muslims havecertain legal autonomy, the sharia courts became the only place of applicationfor the settlement of legal issues between Muslims and non-Muslims. The qadirecords of these courts were kept with care during the Ottoman period, andtoday they constitute the richest and most reliable sources of Muslim andnon-Muslim relations that have taken place in the history. From this point ofview, in the study, the Muslim-non-Muslim relations, which were reflected inthe 17th and 18th century Cyprus qadi records, wereexamined under the legal framework regarding the individuals, families,heritage, goods, and debts. Yet, the vast majority of the relationships that haveoccurred between the two societies had been in these areas. In the research, ithas been revealed that the Muslim and non-Muslim relations in Ottoman Cyprusare generally more intense than the relations in Anatolia for the same period.In addition, it was also observed that the relations between the two societieswere considerably strong and positive.Primary sourcesof this study focusing on the relation between the Muslim and non-Muslim inOttoman during 17th and 18th century are the records of sharia judge of Cyprusin that period. The mentioned records of sharia judge are 22 volumes and theyare composed of all of the current records of sharia judge of Cyprus.Historical experience of the locals and the political, social andadministrative structure of the island in the said period were addressedbriefly for a better understanding of relations between Muslim and non-Muslimin Cyprus during Ottoman period. One of the keyfindings of this study is that relations between the Muslim and the non-Muslimin Cyprus of Ottoman have a rather strong and positive character. We believethat island's having hosted to various cultures and civilizations throughouthistory along with its cosmopolitan social structure have affected theemergence of this aspect in the relations between both communities. Therefore,firstly the essentials of the general history of Cyprus, then its political,social and administrative situation during 17th and 18th were addressed afterthe introduction, finally information on the population structure of Muslim andnon-Muslims were given. Firstly, the relations regarding the laws of persons,family and inheritance, then the relations of laws of property and obligationswere focused on while examining the relations between Muslim and non-Muslim.Legal classification of the relations was considered to be more appropriate asthe database of the study is composed of records of sharia judges which are thecourt records of that period.Among all thedocuments regarding the legal relationships, the number of court records whoseparties are Muslims and non-Muslims is 979 and its rate corresponds to 12%.This rate shows that relation between Muslim and non-Muslim in the Cyprus ismore intense in proportion to the general situation in Anatolia. Therefore,examined documents reveal the existence of several relations in the social andcommercial matters. It was seen thatthe non-Muslims know their rights in the disputes occurred between the Muslimsand the non-Muslims, that they can claim their rights by easily applying to thecourt when needed. Plaintiff or defendant's being non-Muslim did not affect thestance of the sharia judge and also no arbitrary decisions in any case wasdetected. Judge decides on which party is right according to the evidence whetherthey are Muslim or non-Muslim. Besides, the non-Muslim's being able to makepeople who are claimed to be unfair to them summoned before the court andseveral cases which are won by non-Muslims against Muslims confirm thissituation clearly. The fact that plaintiff or defendant is a Muslim civilservant did not cause any difference in implementation and no documentindicating that local governments interfere with the spiritual court wasobserved.Another matteremerged from the study is that not only issues among Muslims or between Muslimsand non-Muslims but also issues whose parties are non-Muslims were applied tothe spiritual court frequently. Therefore, it can be stated that spiritualcourt or sharia judges play a central role in the lives of Muslims andnon-Muslims in the Ottoman Cyprus. The fact that spiritual courts were carefulto secure the justice without discriminating between Muslims or non-Muslimsprobably played an important role in providing confidence for non-Muslims intime. Non-Muslim's rate of recourse to the court in the said period was ratherhigh with the effect of non-Muslim rayah's confidence occurred in time. Theprominent issue in here is the general rise in the non-Muslim's rate ofrecourse to the court in time after the conquest of the island. Therefore, itis possible to say that the trust to the court was established in terms of thenon-Muslims in Cyprus of Ottoman period., Tarih boyunca birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmışolan Kıbrıs adası, içinde barındırdığı farklı etnik ve dinî unsurlarla varolagelmiştir. 1571 ve 1878 yılları arasında Osmanlı hâkimiyetindeki Müslümanlarve adada çoğunluğu oluşturan gayrimüslimler, 300 yılı aşkın bir süre beraberyaşamış; ticaret başta olmak üzere hayatın tabii seyri içerisinde birçok farklısahada birbirleriyle temas halinde olmuşlardır. Osmanlı döneminde her ne kadar gayrimüslimlerbelli oranda hukukî özerkliğe sahip olsa da, Müslümanlar ve gayrimüslimlerarasında meydana gelen hukukî meseleleri çözüme bağlamada şerʻî mahkemeleryegâne müracaat mercii olmuştur. Bu mahkemelerde tutulan kadı sicilleri,Osmanlı döneminde itinayla muhafaza edilmiş olup bugün tarih içerisinde meydanagelen Müslim-gayrimüslim ilişkilerinin gözlemlenebileceği en zengin vegüvenilir kaynakları oluşturmaktadır. Konunun zikredilen bu öneminden hareketle17. ve 18. yüzyıl Kıbrıs kadı sicillerine yansıyan Müslim-gayrimüslimilişkileri şahıs, aile, miras, eşya ve borçlar hukuku çerçevesinde incelemeyetabi tutulmuştur. Zira her iki ahali arasında meydana gelen ilişkilerin kahirekseriyeti bu alanlarda meydana gelmiştir. Araştırmada Osmanlı Kıbrısı’ndaki Müslim-gayrimüslimilişkilerinin aynı dönemde Anadolu’daki ilişkilerden genel olarak daha yoğunolduğu ortaya çıkmakla beraber her iki ahali arasındaki münasebetlerin oldukçakuvvetli ve pozitif nitelikte olduğu da gözlenmiştir.