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1. An Introduction to Simulation Training Through the Lens of Experience and Activity Analysis

Author: Simon Flandin, Christine Vidal-Gomel, Raquel Becerril Ortega, Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille - ULR 4354 (CIREL), Université de Lille, Simon Flandin, Christine Vidal-Gomel, and Raquel Becerril Ortega
Subjects: ddc:370, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

2. The electrophysiological correlates of developmental dyslexia: New insights from lexical decision and reading aloud in adults

Author: Marina Laganaro, Gwendoline Mahe, Cécile Pont, Pascal Eric Zesiger, Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193, and Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE]
Subjects: Male, Lexical decision, Phonological deficit theory, Developmental dyslexia, Cognitive Neuroscience, Decision Making, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), Phonological deficit, Models, Psychological, 050105 experimental psychology, Task (project management), Dyslexia, Young Adult, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:150, Phonetics, medicine, Lexical decision task, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Visual Word, Evoked Potentials, 05 social sciences, Brain, Reading aloud, Electroencephalography, ERP, Lexical access, medicine.disease, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reading, Phonological rule, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Lexical Decision, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; Many studies have described the electrophysiological specificities of print processing in dyslexic readers, mostly using lexical decision tasks. The aim of the present study was twofold: a) to assess for the first time the electrophysiological correlates of print processing in dyslexic adults in the under-investigated context of reading aloud tasks, acknowledged to be especially relevant to investigate phonological processes relatively to lexical decision; and b) to assess whether the electrophysiological specificities described in dyslexic readers in lexical decision correspond to a different neuronal network engaged in print processing. 21 dyslexic university students and matched controls performed a lexical decision task and a reading aloud task on words and pseudowords under EEG recording. In lexical decision, the pattern of results indicates the engagement of similar brain processes between the groups, but with a sub-efficient visual word form processing in dyslexia. In reading aloud, between group differences revealed completely different distributions of the electric field at scalp between the two groups after the N2 time window, suggesting alternative processing strategies in dyslexic readers. Those specificities seem to be related to their core phonological deficits. Crucially, the present results suggest that the nature of electrophysiological divergences in print processing in dyslexic readers vary according to the task: while lexical decision task appears to be well suited to assess divergences in lexical access, reading aloud tasks should also be used in ERP investigation as it allows a better insight into phonological processes and thus be better suited in the framework of the phonological deficit theory of dyslexia.
Published: 2018

3. Démarche d'investigation dans l'enseignement des sciences de la nature à l'école primaire : Effets sur la motivation et les représentations des élèves et conséquences sur la formation des enseignant(e)s

Author: Dubois, L. (Laurent), Müller, A. (Andreas), Delaval, M. (Marine), Institut Universitaire de formation des enseignants (IUFE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 (PSITEC), Université de Lille, Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Lille - Hauts-de-France (INSPE LHdF), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE], and Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072
Subjects: motivation, concept de soi, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, education, représentations, nature de la science, Inquiry based learning, Motivation, Nature of science, Science beliefs, Démarche d'investigation, Concept de soi, Nature de la science, Représentations, nature of science, self-concept, science beliefs Démarche d'investigation
Abstract: Purpose: In the current study, we investigate the effects of new science & technology teaching materials and sequences for primary school with a focus on inquiry on aspects related to motivation (pleasure, academic self-concept/perceived competence) as well as student ideas about of science (scientific approach, usefulness of science). Sample/Setting: Participants (N = 180) were from ten 5th and 6th year classes of primary schools in the canton of Geneva (international classification: ISCED 2, UNESCO 2011). They followed one among five newly designed learning sequences with 4 lessons (90 min. each) over 2 months. Design and Methods: In a quasi-experimental pre / post design, the three dimensions “Usefulness of Science”, “Scientific approach” and “Perceived Competence in Science” were assessed by a questionnaire. Internal consistency was acceptable to good (αC = 0.72, 0.75, 0.66 at pre-test, respectively; similar at post-test). An ANCOVA with sequence type and measurement time as independent variables and gender as covariate was carried out. Effect sizes are reported as Cohen d. Results: The sequences as a whole show a positive effect on the understanding of the scientific approach (d = 0.28), no effect on perceived competence, and a negative effect on perceived utility (d = – 0.27). Some interesting findings result from more detailed analysis: Girls benefit more from the learning sequences than boys: for understanding of the scientific approach and perceived science competence a difference to the disadvantage of girls was found before the learning sequences (d = – 0.38, – 0.36, respectively), but not after; understanding of the scientific approach improves for girls (d = 0.5), but not for boys, and perceived science competence stays stable for girls, but decreases for boys (d = –0.37). Note that while most of these effects are small, they occurred after a rather short teaching time (360 min.), indicating that they are worth of interest. Conclusions/Implications for classroom practice and future research: While there are some positive effects by the introduction of new teaching sequences like the ones studied here, there are also negative findings (e.g. for perceived utility), and positive ones are inconsistent for boys and girls, and across types of sequence. To see practices evolve and really have a lasting impact on students' motivation and ideas about science developing a few new sequences is probably not enough. A systemic change including a coherent, continued development of several sequences, an intensification of initial and continuous training, and an institutional upgrading of science education seem essential. 4;1
Published: 2021

4. Deposition of Extended Ordered Ultrathin Films of Au 38 (SC 2 H 4 Ph) 24 Nanocluster using Langmuir–Blodgett Technique

Author: Plinio Maroni, Alexis Chennevière, Mohammad M Dadras, Lay-Theng Lee, Michal Swierczewski, Thomas Bürgi, Department of Inorganic, Analytical and Applied Chemistry, Laboratory of Colloid and Surface Chemistry (LCSC), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), LLB - Matière molle et biophysique (MMB), Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB - UMR 12), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université de Genève (UNIGE), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA [Neuchatel] (CSEM), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Materials science, Silicon, Atomic force microscopy, Scattering, Solid surface, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Langmuir–Blodgett film, 0104 chemical sciences, Nanoclusters, Biomaterials, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Deposition (phase transition), General Materials Science, Mica, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; Langmuir–Blodgett technique is utilized to deposit ultrathin films of Au$_{38}$(SC$_2$H$_4$Ph)$_{24}$ nanocluster onto solid surfaces such as mica and silicon. The morphologies of the films transferred at various surface pressures within the mono/bi/trilayer regime are studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The time spent on the water surface before the deposition has a decisive effect on the final ordering of nanoclusters within the network and is studied by fast AFM, X-ray reflectivity, and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering.
Published: 2020

5. Implicit associations of teleology and essentialism concepts with genetics concepts among secondary school students

Author: Marine Delaval, Florian Stern, Kostas Kampourakis, Andreas Müller, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 (PSITEC), Université de Lille, Institut Universitaire de formation des enseignants (IUFE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072, Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE], and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Male, Heredity, Concept Formation, Social Sciences, medicine.disease_cause, Learning and Memory, Sociology, Psychological Attitudes, Psychology, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Schools, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, Age Factors, 050301 education, Implicit-association test, School class, Professions, Teleology, Medicine, Female, Human learning, Research Article, Adolescent, Essentialism, Science, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, education, ddc:500.2, 050105 experimental psychology, Education, Genetic Determinism, Human Learning, Sex Factors, ddc:570, medicine, Learning, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Association (psychology), Students, Cognitive Psychology, Biology and Life Sciences, Teachers, Human Genetics, Human genetics, Philosophy, People and Places, Cognitive Science, Population Groupings, 0503 education, Neuroscience
Abstract: International audience; In this article, we present the development and validation of an implicit association test for measuring secondary school students’ associations between genetics concepts and teleology concepts on the one hand, and between genetics concepts and essentialism concepts on the other hand. In total, 169 students from 16 school classes took part in the study, from January 2018 to May 2018. We investigated the strength of the aforementioned associations and the influence of various covariates such as gender, age, school class, or previous learning of biology on the association of teleology or essentialism concepts with genetics concepts through an analysis of covariance and a multi-level analysis. We found moderate associations between genetics and teleology concepts, as well as between genetics and essentialism concepts. These results might reflect a tendency of students of different ages and with various backgrounds to think about genes in terms of goals (teleology) and stability (essentialism), which should be investigated further in future research.
Published: 2020

6. Maternal stress programs accelerated aging of the basal ganglia motor system in offspring

Author: Marrocco, J., Verhaeghe, R., Bucci, D., Di Menna, L., Traficante, A., Bouwalerh, H., Van Camp, G., Ghiglieri, V., Picconi, B., Calabresi, P., Ravasi, L., Cisani, F., Bagheri, F., Pittaluga, A., Bruno, V., Battaglia, G., Morley-Fletcher, S., Nicoletti, F., Maccari, S., Rockefeller University [New York], Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Fondazione Santa Lucia [IRCCS], Clinical and Behavioral Neurology [IRCCS Santa Lucia], Pharmacologie de la mort neuronale et de la plasticité cérébrale, IFR114-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Lille, CNRS, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF) - UMR 8576, Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo [NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 [UGSF], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 [UGSF], and Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE]
Subjects: Aging, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Nigrostriatal development, Motor behavior, Adenosine receptors, Synaptic proteins, Integrated study, lcsh:QP351-495, lcsh:RC346-429, lcsh:RC321-571, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, lcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, Original Research Article, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Abstract: Early-life stress involved in the programming of stress-related illnesses can have a toxic influence on the functioning of the nigrostriatal motor system during aging. We examined the effects of perinatal stress (PRS) on the neurochemical, electrophysiological, histological, neuroimaging, and behavioral correlates of striatal motor function in adult (4 months of age) and old (21 months of age) male rats. Adult PRS offspring rats showed reduced dopamine (DA) release in the striatum associated with reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) cells and DA transporter (DAT) levels, with no loss of striatal dopaminergic terminals as assessed by positron emission tomography analysis with fluorine-18-l-dihydroxyphenylalanine. Striatal levels of DA and its metabolites were increased in PRS rats. In contrast, D2 DA receptor signaling was reduced and A2A adenosine receptor signaling was increased in the striatum of adult PRS rats. This indicated enhanced activity of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia motor circuit. Adult PRS rats also showed poorer performance in the grip strength test and motor learning tasks. The aged PRS rats also showed a persistent reduction in striatal DA release and defective motor skills in the pasta matrix and ladder rung walking tests. In addition, the old rats showed large increases in the levels of SNAP-25 and synaptophysin, which are synaptic vesicle-related proteins in the striatum, and in the PRS group only, reductions in Syntaxin-1 and Rab3a protein levels were observed. Our findings indicated that the age-dependent threshold for motor dysfunction was lowered in PRS rats. This area of research is underdeveloped, and our study suggests that early-life stress can contribute to an increased understanding of how aging diseases are programmed in early-life.
Published: 2020

7. Does learning to read affect naming skills? Insights from ERPs during letter and picture naming tasks

Author: Pascal Eric Zesiger, Marina Laganaro, Marjolaine Cohen, Gwendoline Mahé, Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE], Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), and Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Naming, Electroencephalography, Affect (psychology), Reading level, 050105 experimental psychology, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Fluency, 0302 clinical medicine, Reading acquisition, ERP, Children, Reading (process), medicine, Learning to read, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Child, Evoked Potentials, Problem Solving, media_common, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Contrast (statistics), Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Picture naming, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; Numerous studies report that poor readers display low performance in naming tasks. However, very few studies have investigated the development of naming skills along with the development of reading fluency and its variability in typically developing children. In this study, we used electro-encephalographic (EEG) recordings acquired during letter and picture naming tasks to investigate how naming skills develop and, possibly, interact with age and reading level variations. Ninety-three children aged 7–12 years named letters and pictures under an EEG recording, and their reading performance was assessed. ERP results on amplitudes show that age and reading level have similar effects on the entire letter naming time-course. By contrast, age and reading level have different effects on the picture naming time-course, with a specific effect of reading level on the N1 time-interval, associated with visuo-conceptual processing and an effect of both age and reading on later time-windows. On the microstate analysis, age remains the only predictor of the variance in global electric field at scalp for both letter and picture naming indicating that reading skill is not related to a modulation of the mental processes underlying naming.
Published: 2021

8. Perturbation-based training: proof of concept through the design and test of a digital training environment for medical radiology

Author: Schot, Stéphanie, Flandin, Simon, Goudeaux, Annie, Seferdjeli, Laurence, Poizat, Germain, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: technological research program, formation basée sur la perturbation, programme de recherche technologique, perturbation-based training, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], activity analysis, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, course-of-action, radiologie médicale, cours d’action, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, analyse de l’activité, medical radiology
Abstract: International audience; By contrast with most common training models, perturbation-based training does not consist in the transmission of established knowledge. It aims to produce a “shock” to encourage the making of new meanings and to foster the development of new actions. This study is embedded in a technological research program on training. It consists in a proof of concept within an ergonomic approach to training in the field of medical radiology. The aim of this study was to (i) operationalize and test the design principles of perturbation-based training, and to (ii) develop a training tool for medical radiology technicians. This research consisted in designing a digital training environment (DTE) and testing it with a trainer who did not participate in the design. We empirically documented (i) the discovery of the DTE by the trainer using interruptive verbalization data, and (ii) the use of DTE by the trainer using observations and self-confrontation interviews. Results revealed expected and potentially constructive perturbations regarding professional culture, but also unexpected and potentially counterproductive perturbations regarding training culture, that created obstacles to the appropriation of the DTE. We analyze three types of perturbation and con; Contrairement aux modèles de formation les plus répandus, la formation basée sur la perturbation ne repose pas sur la transmission de savoirs établis, mais vise à produire un « choc » pour encourager la production de nouvelles significations et le développement de nouvelles modalités d’action et d’organisation. Inscrite dans un programme de recherche technologique en formation et menée dans le domaine de la radiologie médicale, notre étude relève à la fois de la preuve de concept et d’une démarche d’ergonomie de la formation. Elle visait (i) à opérationnaliser et tester les principes de conception d’une formation basée sur la perturbation, et (ii) à concevoir un outil pour aider des formateurs à former des techniciens de radiologie médicale. Nous avons pour cela conçu un environnement numérique de formation (ENF), et l’avons testé avec un formateur non impliqué dans la conception. Dans le cadre de cette démarche, nous avons documenté empiriquement (i) la situation de découverte de l’ENF par le formateur à l’aide de données de verbalisations interruptives, et (ii) une situation de formation mobilisant l’ENF à l’aide de données d’observation et d’autoconfrontation du formateur. Les résultats font apparaître des perturbations attendues (par les chercheurs) et potentiellement constructives au niveau de sa culture de métier, mais aussi des perturbations inattendues et potentiellement contre-productives au niveau de sa culture de formation, créant des obstacles à l’appropriation de l’ENF. Nous analysons trois types de perturbation et concluons par des propositions pour la conception de formations basées sur le principe de perturbation.
Published: 2019

9. Analyse du travail pour la formation : essai sur quatre problèmes méthodologiques et le recours à des synopsis d'activité

Author: Flandin, Simon, Ria, Luc, Perinet, Romuald, Poizat, Germain, Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Article issu d'une recherche en partie financée par la Fondation pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle., Flandin, Simon, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Analyse du travail, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Conception de formation, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Formation des adultes, Recherche technologique, Synopsis d’activité
Abstract: International audience; Cet essai se propose d’examiner quatre problèmes méthodologiques qui se posent fréquemment aux intervenants engagés dans une intervention « ordinaire » d’analyse du travail pour la conception d’une formation : (i) acceptabilité et (ii) disponibilité limitées des acteurs vis-à-vis des modalités d’intervention, (iii) multiplicité des acteurs participant au travail et des situations à analyser, et (iv) distribution de l’activité dans différents espaces et différentes temporalités. Ces quatre problèmes sont analysés et des propositions méthodologiques pour les résoudre sont émises et étayées à partir du concept de synopsis d’activité, envisagés comme des objets intermédiaires utiles à l’articulation entre analyse du travail et conception de formation. Nous déclinons et exemplifions ces synopsis d’activité sous deux formes : la chronique photographique, utilisée pour la conception d’un exercice de crise sur un site industriel, et le corpus mosaïque, utilisé pour la conception d’une formation de chefs d’établissements scolaires. En conclusion sont interrogées la nature et la fonction des ateliers méthodologiques mis en œuvre pour analyser le travail à des fins de formation, ainsi que la nature des traces d’activité recueillies ou produites.
Published: 2019

10. First inter-laboratory study of a Supercritical Fluid Chromatography method for the determination of pharmaceutical impurities

Author: Madeleine Hill, Philippe Hubert, Katerina Plachka, Abhijit Tarafder, Adrien Raimbault, Benjamin Wuyts, Manish Grangrade, Niranjan Desphande, Andrew J. Aubin, Fabien Mauge, Vincent Desfontaine, Lucie Nováková, Erik L. Regalado, Mengling Wong, Sophie Bertin, Alexandre Grand-Guillaume Perrenoud, Julien Lefevre, Estelle Corbel, Caroline West, Elise Lemasson, Santosh Sadaphule, Dorina Kotoni, Brandon M. Jocher, Adrian Clarke, Marion Iguiniz, Eric Lesellier, Tomas Leek, Davy Guillarme, Debby Mangelings, Yvan Vander Heyden, Loic Villemet, Ravi Yadav, Nicolas Roques, Sabine Heinisch, Philippe Hennig, Luca Gioacchino Losacco, Isabelle François, Maxime Cazes, Nathalie Da Costa, Claudio Brunelli, Jean-Luc Veuthey, William Farrell, Kelly Zhang, Roland Djang’eing’a Marini, Christophe Desvignes, Shankar Shringare, Charlene Galea, Michael J. Gray, Amandine Dispas, Sandesh Rane, Lulu Dai, Morgan Sarrut, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Geneva [Switzerland]-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratoire De Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Ecole de pharmacie Genève-Lausanne (EPGL), Special Pathogens, Public Health Agency of Canada-National Microbiology Laboratory, Chromatography & Hyphenated Techniques - Chromatographie et techniques couplées, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sanofi R&D, Analyt Sci, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Tampere University of Technology [Tampere] (TUT), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Oril Industrie, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Information et des Systèmes (LSIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Paristech ENSAM Aix-en-Provence-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Research grants from Walloon Region of Belgium and EU Commission (project FEDER-PHARE) to Amandine DISPAS are gratefully acknowledged. Waters (Milford, MA, USA) is acknowledged for supplying all columns used in this study. Novartis (Basel, Switzerland) is acknowledged for funding the EDQM standards sent to the participating laboratories. The author wants to thank M. Heptia and B. Dahmen for technical assistance and F. Bonivert for logistic help. K. Plachka and L. Novakova wish to gratefully acknowledge the grant project SVV No. 260412/2018 and the STARSS project (Reg. No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000465) co-funded by ERDF. L. Montis (Waters) is acknowledged., Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Ecole de pharmacie Genève-Lausanne (EPGL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Arts et Métiers Paristech ENSAM Aix-en-Provence-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Quality Control, spectroscopy, Salbutamol sulfate, International Cooperation, Transferability, Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Science, Context (language use), Food company, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Drug Discovery, Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC), Inter-laboratory, Process engineering, Pharmaceutical impurities, Collaborative study, ddc:615, Reproducibility, 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid, Repeatability, 0104 chemical sciences, Supercritical fluid chromatography, Drug Contamination, business, Inter-laboratory study, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: International audience; Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) has known a strong regain of interest for the last 10 years, especially in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. Besides the development and validation of the SFC method in one individual laboratory, it is also important to demonstrate its applicability and transferability to various laboratories around the world. Therefore, an inter-laboratory study was conducted and published for the first time in SFC, to assess method reproducibility, and evaluate whether this chromatographic technique could become a reference method for quality control (QC) laboratories. This study involved 19 participating laboratories from 4 continents and 9 different countries. It included 5 academic groups, 3 demonstration laboratories at analytical instrument companies, 10 pharmaceutical companies and 1 food company. In the initial analysis of the study results, consistencies within- and between-laboratories were deeply examined. In the subsequent analysis, the method reproducibility was estimated taking into account variances in replicates, between-days and between-laboratories. The results obtained were compared with the literature values for liquid chromatography (LC) in the context of impurities determination. Repeatability and reproducibility variances were found to be similar or better than those described for LC methods, and highlighted the adequacy of the SFC method for QC analyses. The results demonstrated the excellent and robust quantitative performance of SFC. Consequently, this complementary technique is recognized on equal merit to other chromatographic techniques.
Published: 2018

11. Reduced maternal behavior caused by gestational stress is predictive of life span changes in risk-taking behavior and gene expression due to altering of the stress/anti-stress balance

Author: Sara Morley-Fletcher, Lucie Deruyter, Hammou Bouwalerh, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Stefania Maccari, Jean Marc Lo Guidice, Gilles Van Camp, Eleonora Gatta, Jordan Marrocco, Jérôme Mairesse, CNRS, Université de Lille, University of Illinois [Chicago] [UIC], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF) - UMR 8576, Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 [UGSF], Rockefeller University [New York], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 [UGSF], Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 [IMPECS], Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo [NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.], University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 (IMPECS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, and Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Agonist, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Offspring, Receptor expression, Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene Expression, Gestational Age, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Maternal behavior, Risk-taking behavior, Oxytocin receptor agonist, Transcriptomics, Early-Life stress, Hippocampus, Oxytocin, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk-Taking, Internal medicine, medicine, early-life stress, hippocampus, maternal behavior, oxytocin receptor agonist, risk-taking behavior, transcriptomics, neuroscience (all), toxicology, Animals, Receptor, Pregnancy, ddc:618, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Postpartum Period, medicine.disease, Oxytocin receptor, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Receptors, Oxytocin, Carbetocin, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stress, Psychological, medicine.drug
Abstract: Exposure of the mother to adverse events during pregnancy is known to induce pathological programming of the HPA axis in the progeny, thereby increasing the vulnerability to neurobehavioral disorders. Maternal care plays a crucial role in the programming of the offspring, and oxytocin plays a key role in mother/pup interaction. Therefore, we investigated whether positive modulation of maternal behavior by activation of the oxytocinergic system could reverse the long-term alterations induced by perinatal stress (PRS; gestational restraint stress 3 times/day during the last ten days of gestation) on HPA axis activity, risk-taking behavior in the elevated-plus maze, hippocampal mGlu5 receptor and gene expression in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stressed and control unstressed dams were treated during the first postpartum week with an oxytocin receptor agonist, carbetocin (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Remarkably, reduction of maternal behavior was predictive of behavioral disturbances in PRS rats as well as of the impairment of the oxytocin and its receptor gene expression. Postpartum carbetocin corrected the reduction of maternal behavior induced by gestational stress as well as the impaired oxytocinergic system in the PRS progeny, which was associated with reduced risk-taking behavior. Moreover, postpartum carbetocin had an anti-stress effect on HPA axis activity in the adult PRS progeny and increased hippocampal mGlu5 receptor expression in aging. In conclusion, the activation of the oxytocinergic system in the early life plays a protective role against the programming effect by adverse experiences and could be considered as a novel and powerful potential therapeutic target for stress-related disorders. 66
Published: 2018

12. Improving resilience in high-risk organizations: principles for the design of innovative training situations

Author: Marc Durand, Simon Flandin, Germain Poizat, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Value (ethics), Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Organizational architecture, Process management, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Library and Information Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Originality, 0502 economics and business, Resilience (network), Risk management, media_common, Event (computing), business.industry, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Sensemaking, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, business, 050203 business & management, Autonomy
Abstract: Purpose Safety and organizational research indicates that fostering resilience in organizations is a promising way for improving safety, albeit concrete means to implement resilience are still lacking, especially in the educational field. The purpose of this paper is to propose four principles for training design derived from past and current studies the authors conduct in high-risk organizations. Design/methodology/approach Training for resilience is considered within an enactive approach of human activity building on its properties of autonomy, structural coupling, self-organization, emergence, sensemaking, and metastability. Findings The article describes four educational design principles aiming at improving individual, collective, and organizational resilience: encourage mimetic experiences; pay attention to attention and concernedness; perturb and turn into an event; support participatory-sensemaking and collective sensemaking. Research limitations/implications The training program the authors propose may be challenging to assess. Besides, the most durable solutions to improve safety through resilience are to be found at the crossroad between organizational design and training/development policies. Future research should determine the implementability criteria which are likely to support the use of the principles the authors propose, and contribute to enrich this educational foundation. Originality/value Education and training are conceived herein as high-order means to improve safety through resilience in high-risk organizations, fostering the capacity of the operators and organization to develop efficiently and in the long run. We provide independent but complementary training principles that cannot be hierarchized, but that can be locally prioritized in organizations.
Published: 2018

13. Referentiality in Secondary Teachers' Video Observation of Others' Teaching

Author: Lussi Borer, Valérie, Flandin, Simon, MULLER, Alain, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Flandin, Simon, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: ddc:370.71, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, instructional design, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], video, experience, [INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, ddc:370, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Enseignement secondaire, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, Vidéo-formation, teacher education
Abstract: International audience; This article presents a study of individual video-based educational sessions with secondary trainee teachers (N = 30) observing others' teaching. Within a Peircian semiotic framework, the study was designed to deepen the researchers' understanding of video-enhanced experience in educational settings beyond the usual research areas of noticing, interpreting and reflecting. Facilitated think-aloud protocols were used, the trainees' verbalizations were transcribed and the data were coded using semiotic schemes. The analysis revealed eight referentiality items jointly underlying the teachers' activities of description, interpretation, and evaluation while video observing. The results suggest the need to acknowledge the dimension of referentiality in video observation as a legitimate object of research, instructional design, and facilitation in the field of teacher video-enhanced education, especially during the induction period.
Published: 2018

14. Special Issue: Considering experience to advance research in video-enhanced teacher learning

Author: Flandin, Simon, Lussi Borer, Valérie, Gaudin, Cyrille, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Education et Diversité en Espaces Francophones (FRED), Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Experience, Instructional design, Teacher education, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Teacher professional development, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, video
Abstract: International audience; Recent literature reviews in the field of video-enhanced teacher learning (e.g. Gaudin & Chaliès, 2015) show that video viewing has been increasingly used over the past 10 years in teacher education and professional development in all subject areas, at all grade levels, and all over the world. Three main reasons are identified: (i) video is an “artifact of practice” that helps create a link between the traditional theoretical education at the university and classroom practice; (ii) video viewing has been greatly eased by technical progress (e.g., digitalization, storage, edition, annotation); (iii) video viewing is a means to facilitate the implementation of institutional reforms.The effects of video on the development of teachers’ abilities (e.g., noticing relevant features, reflecting on practice) are well documented. However, little is known about teacher and facilitator experience in video-enhanced educational situations and about how to develop user/learner experience design for video-enhanced teacher learning. How do teachers’ video-enhanced experiences improve their capacity to perform effective teaching in their classroom? How can we design better programs enabling (i) teachers to live such constructive experiences and (ii) facilitators to enact more efficient educational practices? Improving our knowledge on these two specific points holds promises for the design of new programs and can be a very valuable and innovative “research and design” area.This special issue addresses such questions within different disciplinary and content-related contexts, using a variety of focus and methods to elicit teacher experience and/or facilitator experience in video-enhanced educational settings.
Published: 2018

15. Des moulins hydrauliques en périphérie d'Augustonemetum/Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme (II e -III e s. ap. J.-C.)

Author: Martinez, Damien, Ollivier, Julien, Blondel, François, Faure, Élodie, Hallavant, Charlotte, Longepierre, Samuel, Histoire, Archéologie et Littératures des mondes chrétiens et musulmans médiévaux (CIHAM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Climatic Change and Climate Impacts Research Group, Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and HADES
Subjects: bois, Augustonemetum/Clermont-Ferrand Haut-Empire Bas-Empire moulin hydraulique bois meules, moulin hydraulique, Haut-Empire, Augustonemetum/Clermont-Ferrand, meules, Bas-Empire, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Deux fouilles archéologiques préventives récentes réalisées à Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme) ont permis d'étudier l'évolution de quartiers périphériques à l'agglomération antique entre la fi n du I er s. ap. J.-C.-début du II e s. et le Bas-Empire. Des locaux à vocation artisanale ou commerciale y côtoient des habitations. Ils prennent place au sein de zones marécageuses, en marge du noyau primitif d'époque augustéenne, investies au prix d'importants travaux de drainage. La maîtrise des cours d'eau traversant les deux emprises explorées s'est accompagnée de leur exploitation. C'est ainsi que des moulins hydrauliques ont pu être identifi és sur chacun de ces sites, d'une part grâce à l'important mobilier découvert lors des fouilles (bois et meules), d'autre part grâce à l'analyse des vestiges bâtis conservés. Les sites de la rue Fontgiève et de la " Scène nationale " constituent donc deux nouveaux exemples d'installations hydrauliques en milieu urbain, qui permettent d'aborder la question de l'usage de la force motrice de l'eau dans le cadre de diverses activités artisanales-la meunerie n'étant peut-être pas la seule concernée-, mais également celle de l'approvisionnement en farine des grandes agglomérations.
Published: 2018

16. Les évaluations normatives des enseignants stagiaires en situation de vidéoformation : efficacité, soutenabilité, acceptabilité et accessibilité

Author: Flandin, Simon, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Flandin, Simon
Subjects: normes éducatives, étude de cas, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], ressources pédagogiques numériques, case study, [INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], formation des enseignants, digital resources for education, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, educational norms, teacher education
Abstract: Many studies indicate that teachers spontaneously and regularly evaluate while observing videos of others’ teaching, but this evaluative activity is understudied. We analyzed the activity of six trainee teachers using resituating interviews supported by digital traces. The findings show that they evaluate through four normative registers: (i) efficiency (educational potential), (ii) sustainability (self-economy), (iii) acceptability (professional ethics) and (iv) accessibility (perceived possibility to adopt/adapt identified actions). We discuss their implications for training., Alors que de nombreuses études indiquent que les enseignants en situation de vidéoformation déploient très spontanément et régulièrement une activité évaluative, la nature de cette activité reste méconnue. Nous avons analysé l’activité de six stagiaires à partir d’entretiens de remise en situation à l’aide de traces numériques. Les résultats montrent qu’ils mobilisent des normes évaluatives de quatre registres : (i) efficacité (potentiel éducatif) ; (ii) soutenabilité (économie de soi) ; (iii) acceptabilité (déontologie) ; (iv) accessibilité (possibilité perçue ou non d’adopter/adapter les actions identifiées). Nous en discutons les implications pour la formation.
Published: 2018

17. Deux dilemmes typiques de la conception d'entrainements de crise : quels compromis acceptables ?

Author: Flandin , Simon, Poizat , Germain, Viney , Roger, Flandin, Simon, Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation - Clermont Auvergne ( ACTé ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education ( FPSE ), Laboratoire Recherche, Intervention, Formation, Travail ( RIFT ), Recherche Intervention Formation Travail ( RIFT ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ) -Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, [ SCCO ] Cognitive science, [SCCO] Cognitive science
Abstract: International audience; Une recherche en cours sur la formation à et par la résilience inclut dans ses partenariats le Groupement de réponse aux Crises Majeures et Attentats du SDMIS69. Ce volet étudie notamment des « entrainements de crise » (EDC) conçus et mis en oeuvre au centre d’entrainement zonal (CEZ) NRBC-E de la zone de défense et de sécurité Sud-Est, et à destination des professionnels de la sécurité civile (SDIS, SAMU, hôpitaux, ARS, services de police et de gendarmerie, armée...) Les EDC sont basés sur la scénarisation d’évènements simulant et entretenant un état de crise afin de tester la capacité des participants : (i) à mettre collectivement en œuvre les procédures préétablies (objectif principal) et (ii) à s’adapter à des circonstances inattendues voire inédites (objectif secondaire). Conclus par un débriefing, les EDC peuvent notamment contribuer (i) à une validation ou à une évolution de la doctrine/directive opérationnelle de référence, (ii) au développement d’une connaissance et compréhension mutuelle inter-services, et (iii) à l’acquisition, au rappel, à l’entrainement, et/ou à la stabilisation par les professionnels de savoirs et de règles d’action. Les concepteurs de ces EDC doivent arbitrer en permanence entre des préoccupations parfois contradictoires, d’une part liées à la bonne réalisation de l’EDC (répondre aux prescriptions institutionnelles, respecter le format et le temps impartis, obtenir l’adhésion, l’implication, et la satisfaction des participants, etc.), et d’autre part liées à la dimension constructive de l’EDC (renforcer par différents moyens la capacité des participants à agir efficacement dans des situations de crise, et parfois « post-crise »). Nous expliquons dans cette communication deux dilemmes qui nous semblent particulièrement structurants du travail de conception d’EDC, et plus largement de simulations.
Published: 2018

18. Pour une approche interdisciplinaire de la famille en Afrique de l’Est

Author: Rossier, Clémentine, Golaz, Valérie, Gez, Yonatan Nissim, Droz, Yvan, Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: synthèse de la littérature, Parenté, General Engineering, Famille, Afrique de l'Est, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Nous présentons ici une synthèse de la littérature sur la famille au cours des dernières décennies en Afrique de l’Est. Les textes récents sur le sujet sont plutôt rares et émanent de perspectives disciplinaires différentes, avec leurs propres techniques d’enquête, donnéeset foci géographiques. Si cette diversité apparaît comme une richesse, elle complique les comparaisons interdisciplinaires et internationales, et ralentit la compréhension de tendances communes et des spécificités locales. L’Afrique de l’Est connaissant des changements sociauxrapides, une compréhension des nouvelles configurations familiales, de leurs forces et de leurs faiblesses est indispensable. Une perspective prometteuse à cet égard – « faire famille » – consiste à redéfinir la famille et la parenté dans une perspective interdisciplinaire et àdifférentes échelles.
Published: 2023

19. Assessing the Impact of Persistent HIV Infection on Innate Lymphoid Cells Using In Vitro Models

Author: Aude Boulay, Sara Trabanelli, Stéphanie Boireau, Myriam Boyer-Clavel, Sébastien Nisole, Pedro Romero, Camilla Jandus, Anne-Sophie Beignon, Nathalie J. Arhel, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Montpellier Ressources Imagerie, Biocampus, CNRS, INSERM, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, BioCampus (BCM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Immunologie des maladies virales, auto-immunes, hématologiques et bactériennes (IMVA-HB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Infectious Diseases Models for Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, This work was supported by the Montage de Reseaux Scientifiques Européens ou Internationaux grant (N.J.A.) from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche , France, Sidaction grant for the salary of A.B., and by the Institut des sciences biologiques du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, and The Swiss Cancer League (KFS-4404-02-2018)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, General Medicine, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity
Abstract: Pathogens that persist in their host induce immune dysfunctions even in the absence of detectable replication. To better understand the phenotypic and functional changes that persistent infections induce in sentinel innate immune cells, we developed human PBMC-based HIV models of persistent infection. Autologous nonactivated PBMCs were cocultured with chronically infected, acutely infected, or uninfected cells and were then analyzed by unsupervised high-dimensional flow cytometry. Using this approach, we identified prevalent patterns of innate immune dysfunctions associated with persistent HIV infections that at least in part mirror immune dysfunctions observed in patients. In one or more models of chronic infection, bystander CD16+ NK cells expressing markers of activation, such as CD94, CD45RO, CD62L, CD69, CD25, and immune checkpoints PD1, Tim3, TIGIT, NKG2A and Lag3, were significantly reduced. Conversely, helper ILC subsets expressing PDL1/PDL2 were significantly enriched in chronic infection compared with either uninfected or acute infection, suggesting that chronic HIV-1 infection was associated with an inhibitory environment for bystander ILC and NK subsets. The cell-based models of persistent infection that we describe here provide versatile tools to explore the molecular mechanisms of these immune dysfunctions and unveil the contribution of innate immunity in sustaining pathogen persistence.
Published: 2023

20. Unravelling past flash flood activity in a forested mountain catchment of the Spanish Central System

Author: Clara Rodríguez-Morata, Raúl Sánchez-Salguero, Virginia Garófano-Gómez, J.M. Rubiales, Markus Stoffel, Juan Antonio Ballesteros-Cánovas, Laboratory of Dendrogeomorphology, Institute of Geological Sciences-University of Bern, Climatic Change and Climate Impacts Research Group, Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut d’Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Departamento de Silvopascicultura, ETSI de Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Departamento de Ingeniería Forestal, Laboratorio de Dendrocronología, Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba]-Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), University of Geneva [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba]-Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba]
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flash flood, Forest management, Dendrogeomorphology, 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Peninsula, Natural hazard, ddc:550, medicine, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, ddc:333.7-333.9, Hydrology, Sierra de Guadarrama, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, National park, Paleohydrology, Hydrometeorological triggers, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Medio Ambiente, 13. Climate action, North Atlantic oscillation, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Tree ring, Geology
Abstract: [EN] Flash floods represent one of the most common natural hazards in mountain catchments, and are frequent in Mediterranean environments. As a result of the widespread lack of reliable data on past events, the understanding of their spatio-temporal occurrence and their climatic triggers remains rather limited. Here, we present a dendrogeomorphic reconstruction of past flash flood activity in the Arroyo de los Puentes stream (Sierra de Guadarrama, Spanish Central System). We analyze a total of 287 increment cores from 178 disturbed Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) which yielded indications on 212 growth disturbances related to past flash flood impact. In combination with local archives, meteorological data, annual forest management records and highly-resolved terrestrial data (i.e., LiDAR data and aerial imagery), the dendrogeomorphic time series allowed dating 25 flash floods over the last three centuries, with a major event leaving an intense geomorphic footprint throughout the catchment in 1936. The analysis of meteorological records suggests that the rainfall thresholds of flash floods vary with the seasonality of events. Dated flash floods in the 20th century were primarily related with synoptic troughs owing to the arrival of air masses from north and west on the Iberian Peninsula during negative indices of the North Atlantic Oscillation. The results of this study contribute considerably to a better understanding of hazards related with hydrogeomorphic processes in central Spain in general and in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park in particular., This study has been partially funded by the projects IDEA-GesPPNN-163/2010 (OAPN - Organismo Autonomo de Parques Nacionales, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentacion y Medio Ambiente) and CGL2010-19274 (projects MAS Dendro-Avenidas) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. The authors sincerely acknowledge Marco Borga and other anonymous reviewer. Special recognition must be given to CENEAM, Montes de Valsain, OAPN and JCyL for providing information for this study. Specifically, they want to thank Javier Dones (Director of Montes de Valsain), Ramzi Touchan and Dave Meko for their support during the study, as well as Andres Diez and Gerardo Benito and all participants of the Tree-ring summer school carried out in 2012 in Valsain (Touchan et al., 2013). R. Sanchez-Salguero thanks the financial support from University of Cordoba-Campus de Excelencia Internacional-ceiA3.
Published: 2015

21. Genetic Risk Score for Intracranial Aneurysms: Prediction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Role in Clinical Heterogeneity

Author: Mark K. Bakker, Jos P. Kanning, Gad Abraham, Amy E. Martinsen, Bendik S. Winsvold, John-Anker Zwart, Romain Bourcier, Tomonobu Sawada, Masaru Koido, Yoichiro Kamatani, Sandrine Morel, Philippe Amouyel, Stéphanie Debette, Philippe Bijlenga, Takiy Berrandou, Santhi K. Ganesh, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Gregory Jones, Matthew Bown, Gabriel J.E. Rinkel, Jan H. Veldink, Ynte M. Ruigrok, Anne Hege Aamodt, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Ben M Brumpton, Cristen J Willer, Else C Sandset, Espen S Kristoffersen, Hanne Ellekjær, Ingrid Heuch, Jonas B Nielsen, Knut Hagen, Kristian Hveem, Lars G Fritsche, Laurent F Thomas, Linda M Pedersen, Maiken E Gabrielsen, Oddgeir L Holmen, Sigrid Børte, Wei Zhou, Shérine Abboud, Massimo Pandolfo, Vincent Thijs, Didier Leys, Marie Bodenant, Fabien Louillet, Emmanuel Touzé, Jean-Louis Mas, Yves Samson, Sara Leder, Anne Léger, Sandrine Deltour, Sophie Crozier, Isabelle Méresse, Sandrine Canaple, Olivier Godefroy, Maurice Giroud, Yannick Béjot, Pierre Decavel, Elizabeth Medeiros, Paola Montiel, Thierry Moulin, Fabrice Vuillier, Jean Dallongeville, Antti J Metso, Tiina Metso, Turgut Tatlisumak, Caspar Grond-Ginsbach, Christoph Lichy, Manja Kloss, Inge Werner, Marie-Luise Arnold, Michael Dos Santos, Armin Grau, Martin Dichgans, Constanze Thomas-Feles, Ralf Weber, Tobias Brandt, Alessandro Pezzini, Valeria De Giuli, Filomena Caria, Loris Poli, Alessandro Padovani, Anna Bersano, Silvia Lanfranconi, Simone Beretta, Carlo Ferrarese, Giacomo Giacolone, Stefano Paolucci, Philippe Lyrer, Stefan Engelter, Felix Fluri, Florian Hatz, Dominique Gisler, Leo Bonati, Henrik Gensicke, Margareth Amort, Hugh Markus, Jennifer Majersik, Bradford Worrall, Andrew Southerland, John Cole, Steven Kittner, Evangelos Evangelou, Helen R Warren, He Gao, Georgios Ntritsos, Niki Dimou, Tonu Esko, Reedik Mägi, Lili Milani, Peter Almgren, Thibaud Boutin, Jun Ding, Franco Giulianini, Elizabeth G Holliday, Anne U Jackson, Ruifang Li-Gao, Wei-Yu Lin, Jian’an Luan, Massimo Mangino, Christopher Oldmeadow, Bram Peter Prins, Yong Qian, Muralidharan Sargurupremraj, Nabi Shah, Praveen Surendran, Sébastien Thériault, Niek Verweij, Sara M Willems, Jing-Hua Zhao, John Connell, Renée de Mutsert, Alex SF Doney, Martin Farrall, Cristina Menni, Andrew D Morris, Raymond Noordam, Guillaume Paré, Neil R Poulter, Denis C Shields, Alice Stanton, Simon Thom, Gonçalo Abecasis, Najaf Amin, Dan E Arking, Kristin L Ayers, Caterina M Barbieri, Chiara Batini, Joshua C Bis, Tineka Blake, Murielle Bochud, Michael Boehnke, Eric Boerwinkle, Dorret I Boomsma, Erwin P Bottinger, Peter S Braund, Marco Brumat, Archie Campbell, Harry Campbell, Aravinda Chakravarti, John C Chambers, Ganesh Chauhan, Marina Ciullo, Massimiliano Cocca, Francis Collins, Heather J Cordell, Gail Davies, Martin H de Borst, Eco J de Geus, Ian J Deary, Joris Deelen, Fabiola Del Greco M, Cumhur Yusuf Demirkale, Marcus Dörr, Georg B Ehret, Roberto Elosua, Stefan Enroth, A Mesut Erzurumluoglu, Teresa Ferreira, Mattias Frånberg, Oscar H Franco, Ilaria Gandin, Paolo Gasparini, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Christian Gieger, Giorgia Girotto, Anuj Goel, Alan J Gow, Vilmundur Gudnason, Xiuqing Guo, Ulf Gyllensten, Anders Hamsten, Tamara B Harris, Sarah E Harris, Catharina A Hartman, Aki S Havulinna, Andrew A Hicks, Edith Hofer, Albert Hofman, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Jennifer E Huffman, Shih-Jen Hwang, Erik Ingelsson, Alan James, Rick Jansen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Roby Joehanes, Åsa Johansson, Andrew D Johnson, Peter K Joshi, Pekka Jousilahti, J Wouter Jukema, Antti Jula, Mika Kähönen, Sekar Kathiresan, Bernard D Keavney, Kay-Tee Khaw, Paul Knekt, Joanne Knight, Ivana Kolcic, Jaspal S Kooner, Seppo Koskinen, Kati Kristiansson, Zoltan Kutalik, Maris Laan, Marty Larson, Lenore J Launer, Benjamin Lehne, Terho Lehtimäki, David CM Liewald, Li Lin, Lars Lind, Cecilia M Lindgren, YongMei Liu, Ruth JF Loos, Lorna M Lopez, Yingchang Lu, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Anubha Mahajan, Chrysovalanto Mamasoula, Jaume Marrugat, Jonathan Marten, Yuri Milaneschi, Anna Morgan, Andrew P Morris, Alanna C Morrison, Peter J Munson, Mike A Nalls, Priyanka Nandakumar, Christopher P Nelson, Teemu Niiranen, Ilja M Nolte, Teresa Nutile, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Ben A Oostra, Paul F O’Reilly, Elin Org, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Walter Palmas, Aarno Palotie, Alison Pattie, Brenda WJH Penninx, Markus Perola, Annette Peters, Ozren Polasek, Peter P Pramstaller, Quang Tri Nguyen, Olli T Raitakari, Rainer Rettig, Kenneth Rice, Paul M Ridker, Janina S Ried, Harriëtte Riese, Samuli Ripatti, Antonietta Robino, Lynda M Rose, Jerome I Rotter, Igor Rudan, Daniela Ruggiero, Yasaman Saba, Cinzia F Sala, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J Samani, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Nick Shrine, David Siscovick, Albert V Smith, Harold Snieder, Siim Sõber, Rossella Sorice, John M Starr, David J Stott, David P Strachan, Rona J Strawbridge, Johan Sundström, Morris A Swertz, Kent D Taylor, Alexander Teumer, Martin D Tobin, Maciej Tomaszewski, Daniela Toniolo, Michela Traglia, Stella Trompet, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Christophe Tzourio, André G Uitterlinden, Ahmad Vaez, Peter J van der Most, Cornelia M van Duijn, Germaine C Verwoert, Veronique Vitart, Uwe Völker, Peter Vollenweider, Dragana Vuckovic, Hugh Watkins, Sarah H Wild, Gonneke Willemsen, James F Wilson, Alan F Wright, Jie Yao, Tatijana Zemunik, Weihua Zhang, John R Attia, Adam S Butterworth, Daniel I Chasman, David Conen, Francesco Cucca, John Danesh, Caroline Hayward, Joanna MM Howson, Markku Laakso, Edward G Lakatta, Claudia Langenberg, Olle Melander, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Colin NA Palmer, Lorenz Risch, Robert A Scott, Rodney J Scott, Peter Sever, Tim D Spector, Pim van der Harst, Nicholas J Wareham, Eleftheria Zeggini, Daniel Levy, Patricia B Munroe, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Morris J Brown, Andres Metspalu, Bruce M. Psaty, Louise V Wain, Paul Elliott, Mark J Caulfield, Padhraig Gormley, Verneri Anttila, Priit Palta, Tune H Pers, Kai-How Farh, Ester Cuenca-Leon, Mikko Muona, Nicholas A Furlotte, Tobias Kurth, Andres Ingason, George McMahon, Lannie Ligthart, Gisela M Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Tobias M Freilinger, Caroline Ran, Scott G Gordon, Anine H Stam, Stacy Steinberg, Guntram Borck, Markku Koiranen, Lydia Quaye, Hieab H H Adams, Juho Wedenoja, David A Hinds, Julie E Buring, Markus Schürks, Maria Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, Hreinn Stefansson, Susan M Ring, Brenda W J H Penninx, Markus Färkkilä, Ville Artto, Mari Kaunisto, Salli Vepsäläinen, Rainer Malik, Andrew C Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Nicholas G Martin, Grant W Montgomery, Mitja I Kurki, Mart Kals, Kalle Pärn, Eija Hämäläinen, Hailiang Huang, Andrea E Byrnes, Lude Franke, Jie Huang, Evie Stergiakouli, Phil H Lee, Cynthia Sandor, Caleb Webber, Zameel Cader, Bertram Muller-Myhsok, Stefan Schreiber, Thomas Meitinger, Johan G Eriksson, Kauko Heikkilä, Elizabeth Loehrer, Andre G Uitterlinden, Lynn Cherkas, Audun Stubhaug, Christopher S Nielsen, Minna Männikkö, Evelin Mihailov, Hartmut Göbel, Ann-Louise Esserlind, Anne Francke Christensen, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Thomas Werge, Jaakko Kaprio, Arpo J Aromaa, Olli Raitakari, M Arfan Ikram, Tim Spector, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Christian Kubisch, Michel D Ferrari, Andrea C Belin, Maija Wessman, Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg, George Davey Smith, Kari Stefansson, Nicholas Eriksson, Mark J Daly, Benjamin M Neale, Jes Olesen, Dale R Nyholt, Masato Akiyama, Varinder S. Alg, Joseph P. Broderick, Ben M. Brumpton, Jérôme Dauvillier, Hubert Desal, Christian Dina, Christoph M. Friedrich, Emília I. Gaál-Paavola, Jean-Christophe Gentric, Sven Hirsch, Isabel C. Hostettler, Henry Houlden, Juha E. Jääskeläinen, Marianne Bakke Johnsen, Liming Li, Kuang Lin, Antti Lindgren, Olivier Martin, Koichi Matsuda, Iona Y. Millwood, Olivier Naggara, Mika Niemelä, Joanna Pera, Richard Redon, Guy A. Rouleau, Marie Søfteland Sandvei, Sabine Schilling, Eimad Shotar, Agnieszka Slowik, Chikashi Terao, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Robin G. Walters, David J. Werring, Cristen J. Willer, Daniel Woo, Bradford B. Worrall, Sirui Zhou, Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, AMS - Sports, AMS - Ageing & Vitality, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Systems Ecology, Sociology and Social Gerontology, Bakker, Mark K., Kanning, Jos P., Abraham, Gad, Martinsen, Amy E., Winsvold, Bendik S., Zwart, John-Anker, Bourcier, Romain, Sawada, Tomonobu, Koido, Masaru, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Morel, Sandrine, Amouyel, Philippe, Debette, Stéphanie, Bijlenga, Philippe, Berrandou, Takiy, Ganesh, Santhi K., Bouatia-Naji, Nabila, Jones, Gregory, Bown, Matthew, Rinkel, Gabriel J. E., Veldink, Jan H., Ruigrok, Ynte M., Girotto, G., All-In Stroke, Hunt, Group, Cadisp, Consortium for Blood Pressure, International, Headache Genetics Consortium, International, Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC) Intracranial Aneurysm Working Group, International, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AUSTRALIA), University of Melbourne, University of Oslo (UiO), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Hôpital Universitaire de Genève = University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Michigan Medical School [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], University of Leicester, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies - UR UPJV 4559 (LNFP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), CHU Amiens-Picardie, HUNT All-In Stroke, CADISP group, International Consortium for Blood Pressure, International Headache Genetics Consortium, International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC) Intracranial Aneurysm Working Group: Anne Hege Aamodt, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Ben M Brumpton, Cristen J Willer, Else C Sandset, Espen S Kristoffersen, Hanne Ellekjær, Ingrid Heuch, Jonas B Nielsen, Knut Hagen, Kristian Hveem, Lars G Fritsche, Laurent F Thomas, Linda M Pedersen, Maiken E Gabrielsen, Oddgeir L Holmen, Sigrid Børte, Wei Zhou, Shérine Abboud, Massimo Pandolfo, Vincent Thijs, Didier Leys, Marie Bodenant, Fabien Louillet, Emmanuel Touzé, Jean-Louis Mas, Yves Samson, Sara Leder, Anne Léger, Sandrine Deltour, Sophie Crozier, Isabelle Méresse, Sandrine Canaple, Olivier Godefroy, Maurice Giroud, Yannick Béjot, Pierre Decavel, Elizabeth Medeiros, Paola Montiel, Thierry Moulin, Fabrice Vuillier, Jean Dallongeville, Antti J Metso, Tiina Metso, Turgut Tatlisumak, Caspar Grond-Ginsbach, Christoph Lichy, Manja Kloss, Inge Werner, Marie-Luise Arnold, Michael Dos Santos, Armin Grau, Martin Dichgans, Constanze Thomas-Feles, Ralf Weber, Tobias Brandt, Alessandro Pezzini, Valeria De Giuli, Filomena Caria, Loris Poli, Alessandro Padovani, Anna Bersano, Silvia Lanfranconi, Simone Beretta, Carlo Ferrarese, Giacomo Giacolone, Stefano Paolucci, Philippe Lyrer, Stefan Engelter, Felix Fluri, Florian Hatz, Dominique Gisler, Leo Bonati, Henrik Gensicke, Margareth Amort, Hugh Markus, Jennifer Majersik, Bradford Worrall, Andrew Southerland, John Cole, Steven Kittner, Evangelos Evangelou, Helen R Warren, He Gao, Georgios Ntritsos, Niki Dimou, Tonu Esko, Reedik Mägi, Lili Milani, Peter Almgren, Thibaud Boutin, Jun Ding, Franco Giulianini, Elizabeth G Holliday, Anne U Jackson, Ruifang Li-Gao, Wei-Yu Lin, Jian'an Luan, Massimo Mangino, Christopher Oldmeadow, Bram Peter Prins, Yong Qian, Muralidharan Sargurupremraj, Nabi Shah, Praveen Surendran, Sébastien Thériault, Niek Verweij, Sara M Willems, Jing-Hua Zhao, John Connell, Renée de Mutsert, Alex Sf Doney, Martin Farrall, Cristina Menni, Andrew D Morris, Raymond Noordam, Guillaume Paré, Neil R Poulter, Denis C Shields, Alice Stanton, Simon Thom, Gonçalo Abecasis, Najaf Amin, Dan E Arking, Kristin L Ayers, Caterina M Barbieri, Chiara Batini, Joshua C Bis, Tineka Blake, Murielle Bochud, Michael Boehnke, Eric Boerwinkle, Dorret I Boomsma, Erwin P Bottinger, Peter S Braund, Marco Brumat, Archie Campbell, Harry Campbell, Aravinda Chakravarti, John C Chambers, Ganesh Chauhan, Marina Ciullo, Massimiliano Cocca, Francis Collins, Heather J Cordell, Gail Davies, Martin H de Borst, Eco J de Geus, Ian J Deary, Joris Deelen, Fabiola Del Greco M, Cumhur Yusuf Demirkale, Marcus Dörr, Georg B Ehret, Roberto Elosua, Stefan Enroth, A Mesut Erzurumluoglu, Teresa Ferreira, Mattias Frånberg, Oscar H Franco, Ilaria Gandin, Paolo Gasparini, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Christian Gieger, Giorgia Girotto, Anuj Goel, Alan J Gow, Vilmundur Gudnason, Xiuqing Guo, Ulf Gyllensten, Anders Hamsten, Tamara B Harris, Sarah E Harris, Catharina A Hartman, Aki S Havulinna, Andrew A Hicks, Edith Hofer, Albert Hofman, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Jennifer E Huffman, Shih-Jen Hwang, Erik Ingelsson, Alan James, Rick Jansen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Roby Joehanes, Åsa Johansson, Andrew D Johnson, Peter K Joshi, Pekka Jousilahti, J Wouter Jukema, Antti Jula, Mika Kähönen, Sekar Kathiresan, Bernard D Keavney, Kay-Tee Khaw, Paul Knekt, Joanne Knight, Ivana Kolcic, Jaspal S Kooner, Seppo Koskinen, Kati Kristiansson, Zoltan Kutalik, Maris Laan, Marty Larson, Lenore J Launer, Benjamin Lehne, Terho Lehtimäki, David Cm Liewald, Li Lin, Lars Lind, Cecilia M Lindgren, YongMei Liu, Ruth Jf Loos, Lorna M Lopez, Yingchang Lu, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Anubha Mahajan, Chrysovalanto Mamasoula, Jaume Marrugat, Jonathan Marten, Yuri Milaneschi, Anna Morgan, Andrew P Morris, Alanna C Morrison, Peter J Munson, Mike A Nalls, Priyanka Nandakumar, Christopher P Nelson, Teemu Niiranen, Ilja M Nolte, Teresa Nutile, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Ben A Oostra, Paul F O'Reilly, Elin Org, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Walter Palmas, Aarno Palotie, Alison Pattie, Brenda Wjh Penninx, Markus Perola, Annette Peters, Ozren Polasek, Peter P Pramstaller, Quang Tri Nguyen, Olli T Raitakari, Rainer Rettig, Kenneth Rice, Paul M Ridker, Janina S Ried, Harriëtte Riese, Samuli Ripatti, Antonietta Robino, Lynda M Rose, Jerome I Rotter, Igor Rudan, Daniela Ruggiero, Yasaman Saba, Cinzia F Sala, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J Samani, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Nick Shrine, David Siscovick, Albert V Smith, Harold Snieder, Siim Sõber, Rossella Sorice, John M Starr, David J Stott, David P Strachan, Rona J Strawbridge, Johan Sundström, Morris A Swertz, Kent D Taylor, Alexander Teumer, Martin D Tobin, Maciej Tomaszewski, Daniela Toniolo, Michela Traglia, Stella Trompet, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Christophe Tzourio, André G Uitterlinden, Ahmad Vaez, Peter J van der Most, Cornelia M van Duijn, Germaine C Verwoert, Veronique Vitart, Uwe Völker, Peter Vollenweider, Dragana Vuckovic, Hugh Watkins, Sarah H Wild, Gonneke Willemsen, James F Wilson, Alan F Wright, Jie Yao, Tatijana Zemunik, Weihua Zhang, John R Attia, Adam S Butterworth, Daniel I Chasman, David Conen, Francesco Cucca, John Danesh, Caroline Hayward, Joanna Mm Howson, Markku Laakso, Edward G Lakatta, Claudia Langenberg, Olle Melander, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Colin Na Palmer, Lorenz Risch, Robert A Scott, Rodney J Scott, Peter Sever, Tim D Spector, Pim van der Harst, Nicholas J Wareham, Eleftheria Zeggini, Daniel Levy, Patricia B Munroe, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Morris J Brown, Andres Metspalu, Bruce M Psaty, Louise V Wain, Paul Elliott, Mark J Caulfield, Padhraig Gormley, Verneri Anttila, Priit Palta, Tonu Esko, Tune H Pers, Kai-How Farh, Ester Cuenca-Leon, Mikko Muona, Nicholas A Furlotte, Tobias Kurth, Andres Ingason, George McMahon, Lannie Ligthart, Gisela M Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Tobias M Freilinger, Caroline Ran, Scott G Gordon, Anine H Stam, Stacy Steinberg, Guntram Borck, Markku Koiranen, Lydia Quaye, Hieab H H Adams, Terho Lehtimäki, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Juho Wedenoja, David A Hinds, Julie E Buring, Markus Schürks, Paul M Ridker, Maria Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, Hreinn Stefansson, Susan M Ring, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Brenda W J H Penninx, Markus Färkkilä, Ville Artto, Mari Kaunisto, Salli Vepsäläinen, Rainer Malik, Andrew C Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Nicholas G Martin, Grant W Montgomery, Mitja I Kurki, Mart Kals, Reedik Mägi, Kalle Pärn, Eija Hämäläinen, Hailiang Huang, Andrea E Byrnes, Lude Franke, Jie Huang, Evie Stergiakouli, Phil H Lee, Cynthia Sandor, Caleb Webber, Zameel Cader, Bertram Muller-Myhsok, Stefan Schreiber, Thomas Meitinger, Johan G Eriksson, Veikko Salomaa, Kauko Heikkilä, Elizabeth Loehrer, Andre G Uitterlinden, Albert Hofman, Cornelia M van Duijn, Lynn Cherkas, Linda M Pedersen, Audun Stubhaug, Christopher S Nielsen, Minna Männikkö, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Hartmut Göbel, Ann-Louise Esserlind, Anne Francke Christensen, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Thomas Werge, Jaakko Kaprio, Arpo J Aromaa, Olli Raitakari, M Arfan Ikram, Tim Spector, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Andres Metspalu, Christian Kubisch, David P Strachan, Michel D Ferrari, Andrea C Belin, Martin Dichgans, Maija Wessman, Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg, Dorret I Boomsma, George Davey Smith, Kari Stefansson, Nicholas Eriksson, Mark J Daly, Benjamin M Neale, Jes Olesen, Daniel I Chasman, Dale R Nyholt, Aarno Palotie, Masato Akiyama, Varinder S Alg, Sigrid Børte, Joseph P Broderick, Ben M Brumpton, Jérôme Dauvillier, Hubert Desal, Christian Dina, Christoph M Friedrich, Emília I Gaál-Paavola, Jean-Christophe Gentric, Sven Hirsch, Isabel C Hostettler, Henry Houlden, Kristian Hveem, Juha E Jääskeläinen, Marianne Bakke Johnsen, Liming Li, Kuang Lin, Antti Lindgren, Olivier Martin, Koichi Matsuda, Iona Y Millwood, Olivier Naggara, Mika Niemelä, Joanna Pera, Richard Redon, Guy A Rouleau, Marie Søfteland Sandvei, Sabine Schilling, Eimad Shotar, Agnieszka Slowik, Chikashi Terao, W M Monique Verschuren, Robin G Walters, David J Werring, Cristen J Willer, Daniel Woo, Bradford B Worrall, Sirui Zhou, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, and Admin, Oskar
Subjects: Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Incidence, risk assessment, Smoking/epidemiology, intracranial aneurysm, genetic heterogeneity, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Risk Factors, Intracranial Aneurysm/epidemiology, Humans, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/epidemiology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, genetics, Neurology (clinical), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, genetic, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Background: Recently, common genetic risk factors for intracranial aneurysm (IA) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH) were found to explain a large amount of disease heritability and therefore have potential to be used for genetic risk prediction. We constructed a genetic risk score to (1) predict ASAH incidence and IA presence (combined set of unruptured IA and ASAH) and (2) assess its association with patient characteristics. Methods: A genetic risk score incorporating genetic association data for IA and 17 traits related to IA (so-called metaGRS) was created using 1161 IA cases and 407 392 controls from the UK Biobank population study. The metaGRS was validated in combination with risk factors blood pressure, sex, and smoking in 828 IA cases and 68 568 controls from the Nordic HUNT population study. Furthermore, we assessed association between the metaGRS and patient characteristics in a cohort of 5560 IA patients. Results: Per SD increase of metaGRS, the hazard ratio for ASAH incidence was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.20–1.51) and the odds ratio for IA presence 1.09 (95% CI, 1.01–1.18). Upon including the metaGRS on top of clinical risk factors, the concordance index to predict ASAH hazard increased from 0.63 (95% CI, 0.59–0.67) to 0.65 (95% CI, 0.62–0.69), while prediction of IA presence did not improve. The metaGRS was statistically significantly associated with age at ASAH (β=−4.82×10 −3 per year [95% CI, −6.49×10 −3 to −3.14×10 −3 ]; P =1.82×10 −8 ), and location of IA at the internal carotid artery (odds ratio=0.92 [95% CI, 0.86–0.98]; P =0.0041). Conclusions: The metaGRS was predictive of ASAH incidence, although with limited added value over clinical risk factors. The metaGRS was not predictive of IA presence. Therefore, we do not recommend using this metaGRS in daily clinical care. Genetic risk does partly explain the clinical heterogeneity of IA warranting prioritization of clinical heterogeneity in future genetic prediction studies of IA and ASAH.
Published: 2023

22. Gully evolution and geomorphic adjustments of badlands to reforestation

Author: David R. Montgomery, Markus Stoffel, J.F. Martín-Duque, Christophe Corona, J. A. Ballesteros Cánovas, Ana Lucía, José María Bodoque, Climatic Change and Climate Impacts Research Group, Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), University of Geneva [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Department of Geodynamics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Sciences, Center for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, and Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, ddc:333.7-333.9, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Landform, Reforestation, Soil science, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Article, Aerial photography, Erosion, Afforestation, Physical geography, Channel (geography), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Badlands and gullied areas are among those geomorphic environments with the highest erosion rates worldwide. Nevertheless, records of their evolution and their relations with anthropogenic land transformation are scarcer. Here we combine historical data with aerial photographs and tree-ring records to reconstruct the evolution of a badland in a Mediterranean environment of Central Spain. Historical sources suggest an anthropogenic origin of this badland landscape, caused by intense quarrying activities during the 18th century. Aerial photographs allowed detection of dramatic geomorphic changes and the evolution of an emerging vegetation cover since the 1960s, due to widespread reforestation. Finally, tree-ring analyses of exposed roots allowed quantification of recent channel incision of the main gully, and sheet erosion processes. Our results suggest that reforestation practices have influenced the initiation of an episode of incision in the main channel in the 1980s, through the hypothesized creation of disequilibrium in water-sediment balance following decoupling of hillslopes from channel processes. These findings imply an asymmetry in the geomorphic response of badlands to erosion such that in the early evolution stages, vegetation removal results in gullying, but that reforestation alone does not necessarily stabilize the landforms and may even promote renewed incision.
Published: 2017

23. Mixing of porpoise ecotypes in South Western UK waters revealed by genetic profiling

Author: Michael C. Fontaine, Rob Deaville, Paul Jepson, Nicolas Ray, Sylvain Piry, Nicholas J. Davison, Simon J. Goodman, Olivier Thatcher, Andrew Brownlow, Fontaine lab, Sch Biol, Fac Biol Sci, University of Leeds, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci GELIFES, University of Groningen, Inst. Zool., Zoological Society of London, Dept. Zool., University of Cambridge, EnviroSPACE Laboratory, Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), University of Geneva [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Service, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Animal and Plant Health Agency [Addlestone, UK] (APHA), EnviroSPACE Laboratory, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, SRUC, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Fontaine, Michael C., Goodman, Simon J., and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Climate change, Phocoena, Admixture, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular ecology, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, ecotype specialization, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, molecular ecology, dispersal, 030304 developmental biology, Isolation by distance, ddc:333.7-333.9, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Ecotype, Ecology, Biology (Whole Organism), continuous population, Pelagic zone, Dispersal, Continuous population, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, climate change, Ecotype specialization, Genetic structure, Microsatellite, Biological dispersal, admixture, lcsh:Q, Bay, Porpoise, Research Article
Abstract: Contact zones between ecotypes are windows for understanding how species may react to climate changes. Here, we analysed the fine-scale genetic and morphological variation in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) around the UK by genotyping 591 stranded animals at nine microsatellite loci. The data were integrated with a prior study to map at high resolution the contact zone between two previously identified ecotypes meeting in the northern Bay of Biscay. Clustering and spatial analyses revealed that UK porpoises are derived from two genetic pools with porpoises from the southwestern UK being genetically differentiated, and having larger body sizes compared to those of other UK areas. Southwestern UK porpoises showed admixed ancestry between southern and northern ecotypes with a contact zone extending from the northern Bay of Biscay to the Celtic Sea and Channel. Around the UK, ancestry blends from one genetic group to the other along a southwest--northeast axis, correlating with body size variation, consistent with previously reported morphological differences between the two ecotypes. We also detected isolation by distance among juveniles but not in adults, suggesting that stranded juveniles display reduced intergenerational dispersal. The fine-scale structure of this admixture zone raises the question of how it will respond to future climate change and provides a reference point for further study.
Published: 2017

24. One in, one out: Generic circumscription within subtribe Manilkarinae (Sapotaceae)

Author: Aina Randriarisoa, Yamama Naciri, Kate Armstrong, Carlos Galan Boluda, Stephanie Dafreville, Charles Pouchon, Laurent Gautier, Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève (CJBG), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), New York Botanical Garden (NYBG), Institute of Systematic Botany, Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), AR was funded by the Swiss Government Excellence Ph.D. scholarship from September 2018 to August 2021 and by the University of Geneva from September to December 2021. This work is part of a project led by LG on the Malagasy Sapotaceae, financially supported by the Franklinia foundation (grant No. 2019-20) and formerly supported by a grant attributed to YN and LG by the Swiss National Foundation (grant no. 31003A_166349/1) and by two grants attributed to YN by the Fondation Ernst et Lucie Schmidheiny. We would like to express our gratitude to Prof. Roman Ulm and Martine Mir for financial support and fund management, respectively. We thank the curators of the herbaria G, MO, P, TAN and TEF for allowing us to study their specimens and to perform limited de-structive sampling. We also thank people at the iGE3 platform for their help with the sequencing process (https://ige3.genomics.unige.ch). Some computations were performed at the University of Geneva on the Bao-bab/Yggdrasil cluster. We are grateful to Camille Christe for her precious advice on the bioinformatics analyses, to Regine Niba for her help in the lab, to Romain Dewaele for his help with the figures and to Ulf Swenson for fruitful discussions at the inception of this project. We are grateful to the Malagasy government for providing us with a research permit to collect samples. We would also like to thank Richard Randrianaivo from the MBG, Patrick Ranirison and Jacquis Tahinarivony from the University of Antananarivo (DBEV) for facilitating the fieldtrips in Madagascar, and as well as the Malagasy people on site for their help collecting Sapotaceae specimens. SD would like to thank the National Parks and Conservation Service (NPCS) of Mauritius for permission to sample in the national park.
Subjects: ancestral state reconstruction, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Madagascar, target gene capture, Plant Science, Pacific Islands, ancestral state reconstruction integrative taxonomy Madagascar Pacific Islands target gene capture, integrative taxonomy, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; Previous phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that the Manilkarinae are a monophyletic subtribe if Northia is excluded. The subtribe consists of four genera: Faucherea, Labourdonnaisia, Labramia and Manilkara. However, the same phylogenetic studies also raised taxonomic issues concerning unclear generic delimitations and unresolved relationships. The current study's aims are: to resolve these taxonomic issues using a molecular phylogeny based on hundreds of nuclear markers sequenced from a representative sampling of taxa across the four genera; to find relevant morphological characters allowing the distinction of the clades retrieved with the phylogeny; and finally to understand the evolutionary history of the subtribe by conducting a divergence time estimation and ancestral state reconstructions. Our phylogeny shows a well-resolved backbone with four main lineages: the Labramia clade, the main clade of Manilkara, a clade in which all species of Labourdonnaisia and Faucherea are mixed, and a clade of three Pacific Manilkara species. The main clade of Manilkara is retrieved as sister to Labramia, and the Labourdonnaisia-Faucherea clade is clearly assessed as sister to the three Pacific Manilkara species. As a consequence, Faucherea is synonymized with Labourdonnaisia, and the three Pacific Manilkara are considered to be a separate genus, for which the name Abebaia is resurrected. We provide emended descriptions for Labourdonnaisia and Abebaia as well as the necessary new combinations. The ancestral state reconstruction of flower characters shows that ancestral Manilkarinae were characterized by a hexamerous corolla, well-developed dorsal appendages and staminodes, and a pubescent ovary. These character states have been retained in the main Manilkara clade, but surprisingly also in Abebaia, which appears as a cryptic genus. The lack of dorsal appendages and the reduction of staminodes observed in Labourdonnaisia appeared after the split from Abebaia. The increase in corolla merism observed mainly in the Mascarene Labourdonnaisia, which was used to separate it from Faucherea, appears to be a derived state, which evolved separately in a few species during the radiation of Labourdonnaisia on Madagascar and the Mascarenes. The glabrous ovary state observed in Labramia also constitutes a derived synapomorphic state in the genus.
Published: 2022

25. Implementation of Aerosol-Cloud Interaction within WRF-CHIMERE Online Coupled Model: Evaluation and Investigation of the Indirect Radiative Effect from Anthropogenic Emission Reduction on the Benelux Union

Author: Adrien Deroubaix, Paolo Tuccella, Régis Briant, Dmitry Khvorostyanov, Guillaume Siour, Laurent Menut, Solène Turquety, Sylvain Mailler, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), NUMTECH, Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences [L'Aquila] (DSFC), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Centre of Excellence CETEMPS, Climatic Change and Climate Impacts Research Group, Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), University of Geneva [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), TROPO - LATMOS, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] (UNIVAQ.IT), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: model evaluation, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aerosol indirect effect, lcsh:QC851-999, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Atmospheric sciences, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Cloud condensation nuclei, Online model, Precipitation, Model evaluation, Air quality index, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], ddc:333.7-333.9, Longwave, aerosol indirect effect, Aerosol, meteorology-chemistry coupled model, WRF-CHIMERE model, online model, 13. Climate action, Weather Research and Forecasting Model, Meteorology-chemistry coupled model, Environmental science, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Satellite, sense organs, Shortwave
Abstract: The indirect effects of aerosol are particularly important over regions where meteorological conditions and aerosol content are favourable to cloud formation. This was observed during the Intensive Cloud Aerosol Measurement Campaign (IMPACT) (European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air quality Interaction (EUCAARI) project) in the Benelux Union during May 2008. To better understand this cloud formation variability, the indirect effects of aerosol have been included within the WRF-CHIMERE online model. By comparing model results to the aircraft measurements of IMPACT, to surface measurements from EMEP and AIRBASE and to MODIS satellite measurements, we showed that the model is able to simulate the variability and order of magnitude of the observed number of condensation nuclei (CN), even if some differences are identified for specific aerosol size and location. To quantify the impact of the local anthropogenic emissions on cloud formation, a sensitivity study is performed by halving the surface emissions fluxes. It is shown that the indirect radiative effect (IRE) at the surface is positive for both shortwave and longwave with a net warming of +0.99 W/m2. In addition, important instantaneous changes are modelled at local scale with up to &plusmn, 6 &deg, C for temperatures and &plusmn, 50 mm/day for precipitation.
Published: 2019

26. Assessment of DOAC in GEriatrics (Adage Study): Rivaroxaban/Apixaban Concentrations and Thrombin Generation Profiles in NVAF Very Elderly Patients

Author: Geoffrey Foulon-Pinto, Carmelo Lafuente-Lafuente, Georges Jourdi, Julien Le Guen, Fatoumata Tall, Etienne Puymirat, Maxime Delrue, Léa Rivière, Flora Ketz, Isabelle Gouin-Thibault, François Mullier, Pascale Gaussem, Eric Pautas, Thomas Lecompte, Emmanuel Curis, Virginie Siguret, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Laboratoire de biologie clinique, Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase = Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis (IThEM - U1140), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service d’Hématologie Biologique [CHU Lariboisière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), IMRB - CEPIA/'Clinical Epidemiology And Ageing : Geriatrics, Primary Care and Public Health' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase (IThEM - U1140), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Recherche clinique appliquée à l'hématologie ((EA_3518)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Charles Foix [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Service d'hématologie A [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Service d'angiologie et hémostase, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Geneva Planet Group, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris - Université Paris Descartes (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), and Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP]
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hematology
Abstract: Background Although a growing number of very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), multiple conditions, and polypharmacy receive direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), few studies specifically investigated both apixaban/rivaroxaban pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in such patients. Aims To investigate: (1) DOAC concentration–time profiles; (2) thrombin generation (TG); and (3) clinical outcomes 6 months after inclusion in very elderly AF in-patients receiving rivaroxaban or apixaban. Methods Adage-NCT02464488 was an academic prospective exploratory multicenter study, enrolling AF in-patients aged ≥80 years, receiving DOAC for at least 4 days. Each patient had one to five blood samples at different time points over 20 days. DOAC concentrations were determined using chromogenic assays. TG was investigated using ST-Genesia (STG-ThromboScreen, STG-DrugScreen). Results We included 215 patients (women 71.1%, mean age: 87 ± 4 years), 104 rivaroxaban and 111 apixaban, and 79.5% receiving reduced-dose regimen. We observed important inter-individual variabilities (coefficient of variation) whatever the regimen, at C max [49–46%] and C min [75–61%] in 15 mg rivaroxaban and 2.5 mg apixaban patients, respectively. The dose regimen was associated with C max and C min plasma concentrations in apixaban (p = 0.0058 and p = 0.0222, respectively), but not in rivaroxaban samples (multivariate analysis). Moreover, substantial variability of thrombin peak height (STG-ThromboScreen) was noticed at a given plasma concentration for both xabans, suggesting an impact of the underlying coagulation status on TG in elderly in-patients. After 6-month follow-up, major bleeding/thromboembolic event/death rates were 6.7%/1.0%/17.3% in rivaroxaban and 5.4%/3.6%/18.9% in apixaban patients, respectively. Conclusion Our study provides original data in very elderly patients receiving DOAC in a real-life setting, showing great inter-individual variability in plasma concentrations and TG parameters. Further research is needed to understand the potential clinical impact of these findings.
Published: 2022

27. The 2022 Report on the Human Proteome from the HUPO Human Proteome Project

Author: Gilbert S. Omenn, Lydie Lane, Christopher M. Overall, Charles Pineau, Nicolle H. Packer, Ileana M. Cristea, Cecilia Lindskog, Susan T. Weintraub, Sandra Orchard, Michael H. A. Roehrl, Edouard Nice, Siqi Liu, Nuno Bandeira, Yu-Ju Chen, Tiannan Guo, Ruedi Aebersold, Robert L. Moritz, Eric W. Deutsch, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), University of British Columbia [Vancouver], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Macquarie University, Princeton University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Institute for Systems Biology [Seattle] (ISB), G.S.O. acknowledges support from National Institutes of Health Grants P30ES017885-01A1 and U24CA210967, E.W.D. and R.L.M. from National Institutes of Health Grants R01GM087221, R24GM127667, U19AG023122, S10OD026936, and from National Science Foundation Grant DBI-1933311, C.M.O. by Canadian Institutes of Health Research Foundation Grant 148408 and a Canada Research Chair in Protease Proteomics and Systems Biology, N.B. from NIH grant 1R01LM013115, and NSF grant ABI 1759980, M.S.B. by Australian Research Council (CE140100003), C.L. by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation for the Human Protein Atlas, M.H.R by National Institutes of Health Grants R21 CA263262, U01 CA253217, R21 CA251992, P30 CA008748 (MSKCC CCSG, Pathology Component), NIH-Leidos CPTAC contract 17X173, and Farmer Family Foundation, and and I.M.C. from National Institutes of Health Grant R01GM114141 and Stand Up To Cancer Convergence 3.1416.
Subjects: Mass Spectrometry Interactive Virtual Environment (MassIVE), MESH: Databases, Protein, MESH: Mass Spectrometry, PeptideAtlas, MESH: Humans, chromosome-centric HPP (C-HPP), missing proteins (MP), MESH: Proteomics, General Chemistry, MESH: Open Reading Frames, Biochemistry, Article, Human Protein Atlas, non-MS PE1 proteins, neXtProt protein existence (PE metrics), MESH: Proteome, Human Proteome Project (HPP), Ribo-Seq, uncharacterized protein existence 1 (uPE1), [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Grand Challenge Project, Biology and Disease-HPP (B/D-HPP), small open reading frames (smORFs)
Abstract: International audience; The 2022 Metrics of the Human Proteome from the HUPO Human Proteome Project (HPP) illustrates that protein expression has now been credibly detected (neXtProt PE1 level) for 18,407 (93.2%) of the 19,750 predicted proteins coded in the human genome, a net gain of 50 since 2021 from datasets generated around the world and reanalyzed by the HPP. Conversely, the number of neXtProt PE2, PE3, and PE4 missing proteins has been reduced by 78 from 1421 to 1343. This represents continuing experimental progress on the proteome parts list across all the chromosomes, as well as significant reclassifications. Meanwhile, applying proteomics in a vast array of biological and clinical studies continues to yield significant findings and growing integration with other omics platforms. We present highlights from the Chromosome-Centric HPP, Biology and Disease-driven HPP, and HPP Resource Pillars, compare features of mass spectrometry and Olink and Somalogic platforms, note the emergence of translation products from ribosome profiling of small open reading frames, and discuss the launch of the initial HPP Grand Challenge Project, "A Function for Each Protein".
Published: 2022

28. Rare pathogenic variants in WNK3 cause X-linked intellectual disability

Author: Sébastien Küry, Jinwei Zhang, Thomas Besnard, Alfonso Caro-Llopis, Xue Zeng, Stephanie M. Robert, Sunday S. Josiah, Emre Kiziltug, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Benjamin Cogné, Adam J. Kundishora, Le T. Hao, Hong Li, Roger E. Stevenson, Raymond J. Louie, Wallid Deb, Erin Torti, Virginie Vignard, Kirsty McWalter, F. Lucy Raymond, Farrah Rajabi, Emmanuelle Ranza, Detelina Grozeva, Stephanie A. Coury, Xavier Blanc, Elise Brischoux-Boucher, Boris Keren, Katrin Õunap, Karit Reinson, Pilvi Ilves, Ingrid M. Wentzensen, Eileen E. Barr, Solveig Heide Guihard, Perrine Charles, Eleanor G. Seaby, Kristin G. Monaghan, Marlène Rio, Yolande van Bever, Marjon van Slegtenhorst, Wendy K. Chung, Ashley Wilson, Delphine Quinquis, Flora Bréhéret, Kyle Retterer, Pierre Lindenbaum, Emmanuel Scalais, Lindsay Rhodes, Katrien Stouffs, Elaine M. Pereira, Sara M. Berger, Sarah S. Milla, Ankita B. Jaykumar, Melanie H. Cobb, Shreyas Panchagnula, Phan Q. Duy, Marie Vincent, Sandra Mercier, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Xavier Le Guillou, Séverine Audebert-Bellanger, Sylvie Odent, Sébastien Schmitt, Pierre Boisseau, Dominique Bonneau, Annick Toutain, Estelle Colin, Laurent Pasquier, Richard Redon, Arjan Bouman, Jill. A. Rosenfeld, Michael J. Friez, Helena Pérez-Peña, Syed Raza Akhtar Rizvi, Shozeb Haider, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Charles E. Schwartz, Francisco Martínez, Stéphane Bézieau, Kristopher T. Kahle, Bertrand Isidor, Clinical Genetics, Clinical sciences, Medical Genetics, Reproduction and Genetics, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), University of Exeter, MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Greenwood Genetic Center, GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), This work was granted by the French network of University Hospitals HUGO ('Hôpitaux Universitaires du Grand Ouest'), the French Ministry of Health, and and the Health Regional Agencies from Poitou-Charentes (represented by Frédérique Allaire), Bretagne, Pays de la Loire, and Centre-Val de Loire (HUGODIMS, 2013, RC14_0107). W.K.C. was supported by grants from Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, United
Subjects: MESH: Symporters, Exome sequencing, Male, KCC2, Mutation, Missense, MESH: Catalytic Domain, Neurodevelopmental disease, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, X-linked intellectual disability, MESH: Brain, WNK3, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Loss of Function Mutation, Catalytic Domain, MESH: Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Humans, Phosphorylation, MESH: Hemizygote, Genetics (clinical), Hemizygote, MESH: Mutation, Missense, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, MESH: Phosphorylation, Symporters, Brain, MESH: Loss of Function Mutation, MESH: Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, MESH: Male, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Maternal Inheritance, MESH: Maternal Inheritance
Abstract: PURPOSE: WNK3 kinase (PRKWNK3) has been implicated in the development and function of the brain via its regulation of the cation-chloride cotransporters, but the role of WNK3 in human development is unknown. METHOD: We ascertained exome or genome sequences of individuals with rare familial or sporadic forms of intellectual disability (ID). RESULTS: We identified a total of 6 different maternally-inherited, hemizygous, 3 loss-of-function or 3 pathogenic missense variants (p.Pro204Arg, p.Leu300Ser, p.Glu607Val) in WNK3 in 14 male individuals from 6 unrelated families. Affected individuals had identifier with variable presence of epilepsy and structural brain defects. WNK3 variants cosegregated with the disease in 3 different families with multiple affected individuals. This included 1 large family previously diagnosed with X-linked Prieto syndrome. WNK3 pathogenic missense variants localize to the catalytic domain and impede the inhibitory phosphorylation of the neuronal-specific chloride cotransporter KCC2 at threonine 1007, a site critically regulated during the development of synaptic inhibition. CONCLUSION: Pathogenic WNK3 variants cause a rare form of human X-linked identifier with variable epilepsy and structural brain abnormalities and implicate impaired phospho-regulation of KCC2 as a pathogenic mechanism.
Published: 2022

29. Déficiences intellectuelles

Author: Wil Buntinx, Christine Cans, LAURENCE COLLEAUX, Yannick Courbois, Martin Debbané, Vincent Desportes, Jean-Jacques Detraux, Bruno Facon, Marie-Claire Haelewyck, Delphine Heron, Geneviève Petitpierre, Eric Plaisance, Université de Lille, CHU Grenoble, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques [IMAGINE - U1163], 109539|||Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 [PSITEC], Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition [L2C2], 415060|||Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 [SCALab], Université de Mons [UMons], Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg [UNIFR], Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux [CERLIS - UMR 8070], Dupuis, Christine, Governor Kremers Center pour personnes déficientes intellectuelles [Maastricht, Pays-Bas], Université de Maastricht, Registre des Handicaps de l'Enfant et Observatoire Perinatal de l'Isère et des deux Savoie (RHEOP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Conseils Généraux de l'Isère, de la savoie et de la Haute-Savoie, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 (PSITEC), Unité de Psychologie clinique développementale [Genève, Suisse], Faculté de Psychologie et de Sciences de l’Éducation [Genève, Suisse], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Psychologie : Cognition et Comportement [Bruxelles, Belgique] (Psychopédagogie), Université de Liège-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Orthopédagogie Clinique - FPSE, Université de Mons (UMons), Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Pédagogie Spécialisée [Fribourg, Suisse], University of Fribourg, Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux (CERLIS - UMR 8070), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale(INSERM), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Fribourg, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR)
Subjects: Santé mentale, Quotient intellectuel, Comportement adaptatif, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Dépistage néonatal, Environnement social, Autonomie personnelle, Diagnostic, Personnes handicapées, Collection Expertise collective / ISBN 978-2-7598-1865-5, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: La « déficience intellectuelle » est définie par un déficit de l’intelligence et des limitations du fonctionnement adaptatif apparaissant avant l’âge adulte. La situation de handicap qui peut en résulter ne dépend pas seulement de la présence de la déficience intellectuelle, mais également de facteurs environnementaux ne favorisant pas la pleine participation de la personne à la communauté et son insertion totale dans la société.La déficience intellectuelle est fréquente puisqu’ environ 1 à 2 % de la population sont concernés.L’explosion récente des connaissances, tant sur les causes des déficiences intellectuelles que sur les processus cognitifs et adaptatifs sous-jacents, permet de mieux appréhender le fonctionnement des personnes avec déficience intellectuelle ; de nouvelles stratégies d’apprentissages, d’accompagnement et de soutien, mieux adaptées, sont proposées. Toutefois, ces connaissances restent insuffisamment partagées et mises au service des personnes.Sollicitée par la Caisse Nationale de Solidarité pour l’Autonomie (CNSA), cette expertise collective fait le bilan des connaissances actuelles dans trois champs : Définitions, repérage et diagnostic ; Apprentissages, développement et compétences des personnes avec une déficience intellectuelle ; Accompagnement tout au long de la vie. Le groupe d’experts propose également de nombreuses recommandations d’actions et de recherche.
Published: 2016

30. L’engagement et la persistance dans les dispositifs de formation en ligne : regards croisés

Author: Bruno Poellhuber, Elise Lavoué, Jean Heutte, Denise Sutter Widmer, Pierre-André Caron, Gaëlle Molinari, Technologies de Formation et Apprentissage (TECFA), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Trigone-CIREL, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille - ULR 4354 (CIREL), Université de Lille-Université de Lille, Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: jeux sérieux, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, 02 engineering and technology, Serious game, computer-supported collaborative learning, motivation, 020204 information systems, distance learning, flow, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, apprentissage collaboratif à distance, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, Sociology, serious game, formations à distance, lcsh:L, 0503 education, Humanities, lcsh:Education, engagement
Abstract: National audience; Les auteurs présentent ici les approches théoriques et méthodologiques qu’ils mobilisent dans leurs recherches pour étudier l’engagement et la persistance dans les dispositifs de formation à distance (FAD). Cet article s’organise en trois parties, correspondant à trois perspectives différentes de l’engagement : une partie sur l’engagement en FAD et dans les MOOC ; une partie sur l’engagement dans les jeux sérieux ; et une partie sur l’engagement dans les communautés et l’apprentissage collaboratif à distance. Chaque partie se propose de définir l’engagement, d’identifier les facteurs d’engagement et de rendre compte des mesures existantes de l’engagement. L’article s’achève par une synthèse des perspectives présentées, laquelle donne lieu à de nouveaux questionnements.; The authors describe the theoretical and methodological approaches they use in their research when studying the phenomena of engagement and persistence in distance learning settings. This paper is organized into three sections corresponding to three different perspectives on engagement: a section about student engagement in distance learning and MOOCs; a section about engagement in serious game; and a section about engagement in learning communities and in computer-supported (distance) collaborative learning. Each section provides a definition of engagement, identifies factors of engagement and describes existing measures of engagement. This paper ends with a synthesis of theses perspectives and opens up with new research questions.
Published: 2016

31. EMORE-L : un outil de reporting des émotions pour l’apprentissage à distance

Author: Elise Lavoué, Maxence Trannois, Aurélien Tabard, Gaëlle Molinari, Technologies de Formation et Apprentissage (TECFA), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Formation Universitaire à Distance Suisse (UniDistance), Sierre, Switzerland, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon, Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)
Subjects: collecte, Experience sampling method, visualisations, Multimedia, Computer tools, Process (engineering), 4. Education, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces, 05 social sciences, Distance education, 050301 education, Context (language use), Apprentissage à distance, computer.software_genre, 050105 experimental psychology, Human–computer interaction, émotions, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Psychology, apprentissage médiatisé par ordinateur, 0503 education, computer, régulation
Abstract: National audience; Emotions can be used by students for diagnostic purposes, and can help them to regulate their learning process successfully. In the context of distance learning, few computer tools have been developed to promote awareness and use of emotions. In the present study, we designed a tool called EMORE-L (EMOtion Report for E-Learning) which is an emotion reporting tool able to collect emotions experienced by learners as well as different types of information related to emotions such as information about the way learners evaluate the situation, and their motivation to share their emotions with others. EMORE-L was used by 16 undergraduate students involved in a distance learning program. The method used was inspired from the Experience Sampling Method: students reported their emotions using EMORE-L for 15 consecutive days, one time a day. We present the results of this study and their implications for the design of emotion reporting tools.; Les émotions ont une fonction informationnelle, et peuvent être utilisées par les apprenants pour réguler leur façon d’apprendre. Dans le contexte de l’apprentissage en ligne, peu d’outils informatiques ont été développés pour favoriser la prise de conscience et l’utilisation des émotions. Nous avons conçu EMORE-L (EMOtion REport for E-Learning), un outil de reporting qui collecte non seulement les émotions ressenties mais également des informations en lien avec ces émotions comme l’évaluation que l’apprenant fait de la situation, et sa motivation à partager ses émotions avec les autres. Cet outil a été utilisé par 16 étudiants dans le cadre de leur formation universitaire à distance. La méthode utilisée est inspirée de l’Experience Sampling Method : chaque jour, pendant 15 jours consécutifs, les étudiants ont utilisé EMORE-L pour rapporter leurs émotions. Nous présentons les résultats de cette étude et leur implication pour la conception d’outils de reporting des émotions.
Published: 2016

32. Dimers and circle patterns

Author: Kenyon, Richard, Lam, Wai Yeung, Ramassamy, Sanjay, Russkikh, Marianna, Department of Mathematics [Yale University], Yale University [New Haven], Department of Mathematics, Brown University, Brown University, Département de Mathématiques et Applications - ENS Paris (DMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Genève (UNIGE), NSF grant DMS-1713033, Simons Foundation award 327929, Fondation Simone et Cino del Duca, Chaire ENS-MHI, Fondation Sciences Mathématiques de Paris, NCCR SwissMAP of the SNSF, ANR-18-CE40-0033,DIMERS,Dimères : de la combinatoire à la mécanique quantique(2018), European Project: 340340,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,COMPASP(2014), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: Mathematics - Complex Variables, 52C26 82B20, General Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], FOS: Physical sciences, Geometric Topology (math.GT), [MATH.MATH-CV]Mathematics [math]/Complex Variables [math.CV], Mathematical Physics (math-ph), Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Mathematics - Geometric Topology, [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], [MATH.MATH-GT]Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT], FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Complex Variables (math.CV), Mathematical Physics
Abstract: We establish a correspondence between the dimer model on a bipartite graph and a circle pattern with the combinatorics of that graph, which holds for graphs that are either planar or embedded on the torus. The set of positive face weights on the graph gives a set of global coordinates on the space of circle patterns with embedded dual. Under this correspondence, which extends the previously known isoradial case, the urban renewal (local move for dimer models) is equivalent to the Miquel move (local move for circle patterns). As a consequence the Miquel dynamics on circle patterns is governed by the octahedron recurrence. As special cases of these circle pattern embeddings, we recover harmonic embeddings for resistor networks and s-embeddings for the Ising model., Comment: 39 pages, 13 figures. To appear in Annales scientifiques de l'\'Ecole normale sup\'erieure
Published: 2022

33. Three reasons why parental burnout is more prevalent in individualistic countries: a mediation study in 36 countries

Author: Isabelle Roskam, Joyce Aguiar, Ege Akgun, Andrew F. Arena, Gizem Arikan, Kaisa Aunola, Eliane Besson, Wim Beyers, Emilie Boujut, Maria Elena Brianda, Anna Brytek-Matera, A. Meltem Budak, Noémie Carbonneau, Filipa César, Bin-Bin Chen, Géraldine Dorard, Luciana Carla dos Santos Elias, Sandra Dunsmuir, Natalia Egorova, Nicolas Favez, Anne-Marie Fontaine, Heather Foran, Julia Fricke, Kaichiro Furutani, Myrna Gannagé, Maria Gaspar, Lucie Godbout, Amit Goldenberg, James J. Gross, Maria Ancuta Gurza, Mai Helmy, Mai Trang Huynh, Taishi Kawamoto, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Sarah Le Vigouroux, Astrid Lebert-Charron, Vanessa Leme, Carolyn MacCann, Denisse Manrique-Millones, Marisa Matias, María Isabel Miranda-Orrego, Marina Miscioscia, Clara Morgades-Bamba, Seyyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi, Ana Muntean, Sally Olderbak, Fatumo Osman, Daniela Oyarce-Cadiz, Pablo A. Pérez-Díaz, Konstantinos V. Petrides, Claudia Pineda-Marin, Alena Prikhidko, Ricardo T. Ricci, Fernando Salinas-Quiroz, Ainize Sarrionandia, Céline Scola, Alessandra Simonelli, Paola Silva Cabrera, Bart Soenens, Emma Sorbring, Matilda Sorkkila, Charlotte Schrooyen, Elena Stănculescu, Elena Starchenkova, Dorota Szczygiel, Javier Tapia, Thi Minh Thuy Tri, Mélissa Tremblay, Hedwig van Bakel, Lesley Verhofstadt, Jaqueline Wendland, Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong, Moïra Mikolajczak, Institut de recherche en sciences psychologiques (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (LPPS - EA 4057), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (LPPS (URP_4057)), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire Activités Physiques et Sportives et processus PSYchologiques : recherches sur les Vulnérabilités (APSY-V), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), Centre de Recherche en Psychologie de la Connaissance, du Langage et de l'Émotion (PsyCLÉ), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Health (social science), Social Psychology, Exhaustion, Epidemiology, Culture, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Mothers, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Individualism, Fathers, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: International audience; Purpose The prevalence of parental burnout, a condition that has severe consequences for both parents and children, varies dramatically across countries and is highest in Western countries characterized by high individualism.Method In this study, we examined the mediators of the relationship between individualism measured at the country level and parental burnout measured at the individual level in 36 countries (16,059 parents). Results The results revealed three mediating mechanisms, that is, self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, high agency and self-directed socialization goals, and low parental task sharing, by which individualism leads to an increased risk of burnout among parents.Conclusion The results confirm that the three mediators under consideration are all involved, and that mediation was higher for self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, then parental task sharing, and lastly selfdirected socialization goals. The results provide some important indications of how to prevent parental burnout at the societal level in Western countries.
Published: 2023

34. Carrier-Density Control of the Quantum-Confined 1$T$-TiSe$_2$ Charge-Density-Wave

Author: Jaouen, T., Pulkkinen, A., Rumo, M., Kremer, G., Salzmann, B., Nicholson, C. W., Mottas, M. -L., Giannini, E., Tricot, S., Schieffer, P., Hildebrand, B., Monney, C., Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Fribourg], Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR), Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials (FriMat), University of West Bohemia [Plzeň ], Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Society, Department of Quantum Matter Physics [Geneva] (DQMP), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and This project was supported by the Fonds National Suisse pour la Recherche Scientifique through Div. II. Skillful technical assistance was provided by F. Bourqui, B. Hediger, and O. Raetzo.
Subjects: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]
Abstract: Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, combined with first principle and coupled self-consistent Poisson-Schr\"odinger calculations, we demonstrate that potassium (K) atoms adsorbed on the low-temperature phase of 1$T$-TiSe$_2$ induce the creation of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and quantum confinement of its charge-density-wave (CDW) at the surface. By further changing the K coverage, we tune the carrier-density within the 2DEG that allows us to nullify, at the surface, the electronic energy gain due to exciton condensation in the CDW phase while preserving a long-range structural order. Our study constitutes a prime example of a controlled exciton-related many-body quantum state in reduced dimensionality by alkali-metal dosing., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Published: 2023

35. Water discharge variations control fluvial stratigraphic architecture in the Middle Eocene Escanilla formation, Spain

Author: Nikhil Sharma, Alexander Whittaker, Stephen Watkins, Luis Valero, Jean Vérité, Cai Puigdefàbregas, Thierry Adatte, Miguel Garcés, François Guillocheau, Sebastien Castelltort, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Imperial College London, Université du Maine [Le Mans - Laval], Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF Grant No. 200020_182017: Earth Surface Signaling Systems 2)
Subjects: Huesca (Aragon), Multidisciplinary, Osca (Aragó), Eocene Epoch, Estratigrafia, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Fluvial geomorphology, Geomorfologia fluvial, Eocè, Stratigraphic geology
Abstract: Ancient fluvial deposits typically display repetitive changes in their depositional architecture such as alternating intervals of coarse-grained highly amalgamated (HA), laterally-stacked, channel bodies, and finer-grained less amalgamated (LA), vertically-stacked, channels encased in floodplain deposits. Such patterns are usually ascribed to slower, respectively higher, rates of base level rise (accommodation). However, “upstream” factors such as water discharge and sediment flux also play a potential role in determining stratigraphic architecture, yet this possibility has never been tested despite the recent advances in the field of palaeohydraulic reconstructions from fluvial accumulations. Here, we chronicle riverbed gradient evolution within three Middle Eocene (~ 40 Ma) fluvial HA-LA sequences in the Escanilla Formation in the south-Pyrenean foreland basin. This work documents, for the first time in a fossil fluvial system, how the ancient riverbed systematically evolved from lower slopes in coarser-grained HA intervals, and higher slopes in finer-grained LA intervals, suggesting that bed slope changes were determined primarily by climate-controlled water discharge variations rather than base level changes as often hypothesized. This highlights the important connection between climate and landscape evolution and has fundamental implications for our ability to reconstruct ancient hydroclimates from the interpretation of fluvial sedimentary sequences.
Published: 2023

36. Action of the Euclidean versus Projective group on an agent's internal space in curiosity driven exploration: a formal analysis

Author: Sergeant-Perthuis, Grégoire, Rudrauf, David, Ognibene, Dimitri, Tisserand, Yvain, OUtils de Résolution Algébriques pour la Géométrie et ses ApplicatioNs (OURAGAN), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Swiss Center for Affective Sciences (CISA), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Spatial Cognition, Systems and Control (eess.SY), Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Mathematical Consciousness, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Curiosity, FOS: Biological sciences, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, Intentionality, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC), [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: In human spatial awareness, information appears to be represented according to 3-D projective geometry. It structures information integration and action planning within an internal representation space. The way different first person perspectives of an agent relate to each other, through transformations of a world model, defines a specific perception scheme for the agent. In mathematics, this collection of transformations is called a `group' and it characterizes a geometric space by acting on it. We propose that imbuing world models with a `geometric' structure, given by a group, is one way to capture different perception schemes of agents. We explore how changing the geometric structure of a world model impacts the behavior of an agent. In particular, we focus on how such geometrical operations transform the formal expression of epistemic value in active inference as driving an agent's curiosity about its environment, and impact exploration behaviors accordingly. We used group action as a special class of policies for perspective-dependent control. We compared the Euclidean versus projective groups. We formally demonstrate that the groups induce distinct behaviors. The projective group induces nonlinear contraction and dilatation that transform entropy and epistemic value as a function of the choice of frame, which fosters exploration behaviors. This contribution opens research avenues in which a geometry structures \textit{a priori} an agent's internal representation space for information integration and action planning.
Published: 2023

37. Effects of Malocclusion on Maximal Aerobic Capacity and Athletic Performance in Young Sub-Elite Athletes

Author: El Mokhtar El Ouali, Hassane Zouhal, Loubna Bahije, Azeddine Ibrahimi, Bahae Benamar, Jihan Kartibou, Ayoub Saeidi, Ismail Laher, Sanae El Harane, Urs Granacher, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, École nationale des sciences appliquées [Kenitra] (ENSA), Laboratoire Mouvement Sport Santé (M2S), Université de Rennes (UR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal] (UM5), University of British Columbia [Vancouver], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], and The authors acknowledge the support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and Open Access Publishing Fund of the University of Freiburg, Germany.
Subjects: endurance, exercise, training, running, orthodontic pathologies, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Abstract: Oral pathologies can cause athletic underperformance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of malocclusion on maximal aerobic capacity in young athletes with the same anthropometric data, diet, training mode, and intensity from the same athletics training center. Sub-elite track and field athletes (middle-distance runners) with malocclusion (experimental group (EG); n = 37; 21 girls; age: 15.1 ± 1.5 years) and without malocclusion (control group (CG); n = 13; 5 girls; age: 14.7 ± 1.9 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants received an oral diagnosis to examine malocclusion, which was defined as an overlapping of teeth that resulted in impaired contact between the teeth of the mandible and the teeth of the upper jaw. Maximal aerobic capacity was assessed using the VAMEVAL test (calculated MAS and estimated VO2max). The test consisted of baseline values that included the following parameters: maximum aerobic speed (MAS), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), heart rate frequency, systolic (SAP) and diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), blood lactate concentration (LBP), and post-exercise blood lactate assessment (LAP) after the performance of the VAMEVAL test. There were no statistically significant differences between the two study groups related to either anthropometric data (age: EG = 15.1 ± 1.5 vs. CC = 14.7 ± 1.9 years (p = 0.46); BMI: EG = 19.25 ± 1.9 vs. CC = 19.42 ± 1.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.76)) or for the following physical fitness parameters and biomarkers: MAS: EG = 15.5 (14.5–16.5) vs. CG = 15.5 (15–17) km/h (p = 0.47); VO2max: EG = 54.2 (52.5–58.6) vs. CG = 54.2 (53.4–59.5) mL/kg/min (p = 0.62) (IQR (Q1–Q3)); heart rate before the physical test: EG = 77.1 ± 9.9 vs. CG = 74.3 ± 14.0 bpm (p = 0.43); SAP: EG = 106.6 ± 13.4 vs. CG = 106.2 ± 14.8 mmHg (p = 0.91); DAP: EG = 66.7 ± 9.1 vs. CG = 63.9 ± 10.2 mmHg (p = 0.36); LBP: EG = 1.5 ± 0.4 vs. CG = 1.3 ± 0.4 mmol/L (p = 0.12); and LAP: EG = 4.5 ± 2.36 vs. CG = 4.06 ± 3.04 mmol/L (p = 0.60). Our study suggests that dental malocclusion does not impede maximal aerobic capacity and the athletic performance of young track and field athletes.
Published: 2023

38. An interdisciplinary approach of the family in East Africa: insights from past and current research

Author: Clémentine Rossier, Valérie Golaz, Yonatan Nissim Gez, Yvan Droz, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: literature review, Kinship, General Engineering, Family, East Africa, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents an overview of the literature on the family in East Africa over the past several decades. The recent literature on family and kinship in this region is rather scant. Moreover it is anchored in different disciplinary approaches, each implying specific sources, methods, and geographies. While this diversity is enriching, it complicates cross-disciplinary and cross-national comparisons, slowing the identification of common trends and local specificities. As rapid social change is underway across East Africa, knowledge on new family configurations and family-related vulnerabilities is needed. One promising avenue in this regard consists in redefining the objects of analysis through an interdisciplinary lens and working at different scales.
Published: 2023

39. Investigation of Dengue Infection in Asymptomatic Individuals during a Recent Outbreak in La Réunion

Author: Olga De Santis, Emilie Pothin, Nicolas Bouscaren, Seth R. Irish, Marie-Christine Jaffar-Bandjee, Luce Menudier, Julie Ramis, Cédric Schultz, Florence Lamaurt, Ania Wisniak, Antoine Bertolotti, Sarah Hafsia, Philippe Dussart, Laurence Baril, Patrick Mavingui, Antoine Flahault, Centre d'Investigation Clinique de La Réunion - INSERM (CIC 1410), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], University of Basel (Unibas), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and This research was funded mainly by the Swiss National Foundation for Scientific Research, grant number 179532. The first author, Olga DE SANTIS, was also funded by the GlobalP3HS program for Global Ph.D. Fellowship in Public Health Sciences, funded by Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (Horizon 2020–COFUND). INSERM Reacting contributed to the funding of the research. Part of the blood analyses was funded by the European Regional Development Fund through RUNDENG project number RE0022937.
Subjects: dengue, asymptomatic infections, La Réunion, cluster study, dengue outbreak, Infectious Diseases, Virology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; The number of dengue cases has increased dramatically over the past 20 years and is an important concern, particularly as the trends toward urbanization continue. While the majority of dengue cases are thought to be asymptomatic, it is unknown to what extent these contribute to transmission. A better understanding of their importance would help to guide control efforts. In 2019, a dengue outbreak in La Reunion resulted in more than 18,000 confirmed cases. Between October 2019 and August 2020, 19 clusters were investigated in the south, west, and east of the island, enabling the recruitment of 605 participants from 368 households within a 200 m radius of the home of the index cases (ICs). No active asymptomatic infections confirmed by RT-PCR were detected. Only 15% were possible asymptomatic dengue infections detected by the presence of anti-dengue IgM antibodies. Only 5.3% of the participants had a recent dengue infection confirmed by RT-PCR. Although the resurgence of dengue in La Réunion is very recent (2016), the rate of anti-dengue IgG positivity, a marker of past infections, was already high at 43% in this study. Dengue transmission was focal in time and space, as most cases were detected within a 100-m radius of the ICs, and within a time interval of less than 7 days between infections detected in a same cluster. No particular demographic or socio-cultural characteristics were associated with dengue infections. On the other hand, environmental risk factors such as type of housing or presence of rubbish in the streets were associated with dengue infections.
Published: 2023
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40. Stereoisomer‐specific reprogramming of a bacterial flagellin sialyltransferase

Author: Nicolas Kint, Thomas Dubois, Patrick H Viollier, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), and Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: flagellum, Gglyco-profiling, General Immunology and Microbiology, glycosylation, General Neuroscience, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Flm, Molecular Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, sialic acids
Abstract: Glycosylation of surface structures diversifies cells chemically and physically. Nucleotide-activated sialic acids commonly serve as glycosyl donors, particularly pseudaminic acid (Pse) and its stereoisomer legionaminic acid (Leg), which decorate eubacterial and archaeal surface layers or protein appendages. FlmG, a recently identified protein sialyltransferase, O-glycosylates flagellins, the subunits of the flagellar filament. We show that flagellin glycosylation and motility in Caulobacter crescentus and Brevundimonas subvibrioides is conferred by functionally insulated Pse and Leg biosynthesis pathways, respectively, and by specialized FlmG orthologs. We established a genetic glyco-profiling platform for the classification of Pse or Leg biosynthesis pathways, discovered a signature determinant of eubacterial and archaeal Leg biosynthesis, and validated it by reconstitution experiments in a heterologous host. Finally, by rewiring FlmG glycosylation using chimeras, we defined two modular determinants that govern flagellin glycosyltransferase specificity: a glycosyltransferase domain that either donates Leg or Pse and a specialized flagellin-binding domain that identifies the acceptor.
Published: 2023

41. Quelle recherche sur et pour l'innovation pédagogique

Author: Didier Paquelin, Daniel Peraya, Jean-François Cerisier, Eddie Soulier, Jacques Viens, Jacques Audran, Stéphane Simonian, Sarah Lemarchand, Hugues Choplin, Geneviève Jacquinot-Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Sciences de l'Education et de la Communication (LISEC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Poitiers, Département Innovation Pédagogique, Télécom ParisTech-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Imagines, Images/Histoire/Sociétés, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Département de psychopédagogie et d'andragogie Faculté des sciences de l'Éducation, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Technologies de Formation et Apprentissage (TECFA), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), TECHnologies pour la Coopération, l’Interaction et les COnnaissances dans les collectifs (Tech-CICO), Institut Charles Delaunay (ICD), Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Connaissance Organisation et Systèmes TECHniques (COSTECH), Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Ingénierie des Ressources Médiatiques pour l'Apprentissage (IRMA), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études sur les médias, les technologies et l'internationalisation (CEMTI), Télécom ParisTech, and Médiation, Information, Communication, Art (MICA)
Subjects: Pédagogie, Méthodologie, Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Education, 050402 sociology, Campus numérique, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Recherche, ddc:371.33, Education, Recherche-action, Collectif « praticiens-chercheurs », Praticien réflexif, 0504 sociology, Epistémologie, Pratiques innovantes de recherche, Innovation pédagogique, Innovation, 0503 education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; The purpose of this article is to question the practises of research about the processes of pedagogical innovation in the light of some concepts that are describing these processes themselves. It follows a two-main-step procedure. First of all we will show the strengths as well as the weaknesses of the models of the action-research and the reflexive practitioner as far as understanding the dynamics that condition the practises of research on and for innovation is concerned. Then we shall propose to apprehend this dynamics upon three axes: organizational, epistemic and historical. The study of these axes calls for concepts – collective, space-time continuum, intermediate object, event – which also appear to be relevant as far as the analysis of the innovation process itself is concerned. This whole contribution – of an epistemological order – relies on the project of a Technological Research Team on Education (ERTé, « virtual campuses and pedagogical education ») that has undertook five research fields on and for action. MOTS-CLÉS : campus numérique, collectif « praticiens-chercheurs », épistémologie, innovation pédagogique, praticien réflexif, pratiques innovantes de recherche, recherche-action.; Cet article propose de questionner les pratiques de recherche portant sur les processus d'innovation pédagogique à l'aune de certains concepts décrivant ces processus eux-mêmes. Il procède en deux temps principaux. Tout d'abord, nous explicitons les forces, mais aussi les insuffisances des modèles de la recherche-action et du praticien réflexif, du point de vue de la compréhension de la dynamique qui détermine les pratiques de recherche sur et pour l'innovation. Ensuite, nous proposons d'appréhender cette dynamique selon trois axes : organisationnel, épistémique et historique. L'étude de ces axes requiert des concepts – collectif, espace-temps, objet intermédiaire, événement – qui semblent également pertinents du point de vue de l'analyse du processus d'innovation lui-même. L'ensemble de cette contribution – d'ordre épistémologique – s'appuie sur un projet d'Équipe de Recherche Technologique en Éducation (ERTé, « Campus numériques et innovation pédagogique ») engageant cinq terrains de recherches sur et pour l'action.
Published: 2007

42. Ten years of INTEGRAL observations of the hard X-ray emission from SGR 1900+14

Author: Lorenzo Ducci, Andrea Santangelo, D. Gotz, Sandro Mereghetti, Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Tübingen] (IAAT), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, INTEGRAL Science Data Center (ISDC), Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano (IASF-MI), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Photon, X-ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, pulsars: individual: SGR 1900+14, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Luminosity, 010309 optics, Space and Planetary Science, pulsars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: We exploited the high sensitivity of the INTEGRAL IBIS/ISGRI instrument to study the persistent hard X-ray emission of the soft gamma-ray repeater SGR 1900+14, based on ~11.6 Ms of archival data. The 22-150 keV INTEGRAL spectrum can be well fit by a power law with photon index 1.9 +/- 0.3 and flux F_x = (1.11 +/- 0.17)E-11 erg/cm^2/s (20-100 keV). A comparison with the 20-100 keV flux measured in 1997 with BeppoSAX, and possibly associated with SGR 1900+14, shows a luminosity decrease by a factor of ~5. The slope of the power law above 20 keV is consistent within the uncertainties with that of SGR 1806-20, the other persistent soft gamma-ray repeater for which a hard X-ray emission extending up to 150 keV has been reported., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 4 pages
Published: 2015

43. The student-institution fit at university: interactive effects of academic competition and social class on achievement goals

Author: MickaÃ«l Jury, Nicolas Sommet, Gabriel Mugny, Alain Quiamzade, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE], Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 [PSITEC], Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)
Subjects: student-institution fit, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:BF1-990, Identity (social science), [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Context (language use), Bachelor, Social class, Competition (economics), ddc:150, First- and continuing-generation students, academic competition, Institution, Mathematics education, achievement goals, first-and continuing-generation students, Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Curriculum, achievement gap, first- and continuing-generation students, General Psychology, media_common, Original Research, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Achievement gap, Achievement goals, Academic competition, lcsh:Psychology, social class, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Student-institution fit, 0503 education, Graduation
Abstract: International audience; As compared to continuing-generation students, first-generation students are struggling more at university. In the present article, we question the unconditional nature of such a phenomenon and argue that it depends on structural competition. Indeed, most academic departments use harsh selection procedure all throughout the curriculum, fostering between-student competition. In these departments, first-generation students tend to suffer from a lack of student-institution fit, that is, inconsistencies with the competitive institution's culture, practices, and identity. However, one might contend that in less competitive academic departments continuing-generation students might be the ones experiencing a lack of fit. Using a cross-sectional design, we investigated the consequences of such a context-and category-dependent lack of fit on the endorsement of scholastically adaptive goals. We surveyed N = 378 first-and continuing-generation students from either a more competitive or a less competitive department in their first or final year of bachelor's study. In the more competitive department, first-to-third year decrease of mastery goals (i.e., the desire to learn) was found to be steeper for first-than for continuing-generation students. In the less competitive department, the reversed pattern was found. Moreover, first-to-third year decrease of performance goals (i.e., the desire to outperform others) was found to be steeper within the less competitive department but did not depend on social class. This single-site preliminary research highlights the need to take the academic context into account when studying the social class graduation gap.
Published: 2015
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44. Judgment of musical emotions after cochlear implantation in adults with progressive deafness

Author: Emmanuèle eAmbert-Dahan, Anne-Lise eGiraud, Olivier eSterkers, Séverine eSamson, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Chirurgie otologique mini-invasive robotisée, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 (PSITEC), Université de Lille, Université de Lille, LillOA, Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - EA 4072, Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072, Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab], Université de Genève = University of Geneva [UNIGE], and Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 [PSITEC]
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:BF1-990, acquired deafness, emotion, Musical, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, Arousal, 03 medical and health sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Rhythm, arousal, Cochlear implant, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Psychology, music, Original Research Article, Valence (psychology), valence, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, 10. No inequality, General Psychology, media_common, cochlear implant, [SCCO] Cognitive science, humanities, ddc:616.8, Sadness, lcsh:Psychology, Happiness, Emotion, Social psychology, Timbre, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: While cochlear implantation is rather successful in restoring speech comprehension in quiet environments (Nimmons et al., 2008), other auditory tasks, such as music perception, can remain challenging for implant users. Here, we tested how patients who had received a cochlear implant (CI) after post-lingual progressive deafness perceive emotions in music. Thirteen adult CI recipients with good verbal comprehension (dissyllabic words ≥ 70%) and 13 normal hearing participants matched for age, gender, and education listened to 40 short musical excerpts that selectively expressed fear, happiness, sadness, and peacefulness (Vieillard et al., 2008). The participants were asked to rate (on a 0 to 100 scale) how much the musical stimuli expressed these four cardinal emotions, and to judge their emotional valence (unpleasant-pleasant) and arousal (relaxing-stimulating). Although CI users performed above chance level, their emotional judgments (mean correctness scores) were generally impaired for happy, scary, and sad, but not for peaceful excerpts. CI users also demonstrated deficits in perceiving arousal of musical excerpts, whereas rating of valence remained unaffected. The current findings indicate that judgments of emotional categories and dimensions of musical excerpts are not uniformly impaired after cochlear implantation. These results are discussed in relation to the relatively spared abilities of CI users in perceiving temporal (rhythm and metric) as compared to spectral (pitch and timbre) musical dimensions, which might benefit the processing of musical emotions (Cooper et al., 2008).
Published: 2015

45. CFTR inactivation by lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in human airway epithelial cells

Author: Bellec, Jessica, Bacchetta, Marc, Losa, Davide, Anegon, Ignacio, Chanson, Marc, Nguyen, Tuan, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), laboratory of clinical investigation III [Geneva, Switzerland], Geneva University Hospitals - HUG [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], laboratory of clinical investigation III, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Geneva University Hospitals - HUG [Switzerland], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Le Bihan, Sylvie
Subjects: Cystic Fibrosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genetic Vectors, Respiratory System, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, Gene Expression, Primary cells, Cystic fibrosis, Cell Line, RNA interference, Cell Movement, Humans, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, RNA, Small Interfering, CFTR, Cell Proliferation, Genome, ddc:618, Interleukin-8, Lentivirus, Epithelial Cells, Genetic Therapy, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], RNA Interference, Lentiviral vector, CRISPR-Cas9, Biotechnology
Abstract: © 2015 Bentham Science Publishers. Background: Polarized airway epithelial cell cultures modelling Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) defect are crucial for CF and biomedical research. RNA interference has proven its value to generate knockdown models for various pathologies. More recently, genome editing using CRISPR-Cas9 artificial endonuclease was a valuable addition to the toolbox of gene inactivation. Methods: Calu-3 cells and primary HAECs were transduced with HIV-1-derived lentiviral vectors (LVV) encoding small hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequence or CRISPR-Cas9 components targeting CFTR alongside GFP. After sorting of GFP-positive cells, CFTR expression was measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot in polarized or differentiated cells. CFTR channel function was assessed in Ussing chambers. Il-8 secretion, proliferation and cell migration were also studied in transduced cells. Results: shRNA interference and CRISPRCas9 strategies efficiently decreased CFTR expression in Calu-3 cells. Strong CFTR knockdown was confirmed at the functional level in CRISPR-Cas9-modified cells. CFTR-specific shRNA sequences did not reduce gene expression in primary HAECs, whereas CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene modification activity was correlated with a reduction of transepithelial secretion and response to a CFTR inhibitor. CFTR inactivation in the CRISPR-Cas9-modified Calu-3 cells did not affect migration and proliferation but slightly increased basal interleukin-8 secretion. Conclusion: We generated CFTRinactivated cell lines and demonstrated that CRISPR-Cas9 vectorised in a single LVV efficiently promotes CFTR inactivation in primary HAECs. These results provide a new protocol to engineer CF primary epithelia with their isogenic controls and pave the way for manipulation of CFTR expression in these cultures.
Published: 2015

46. The JEM-EUSO mission : an introduction

Author: J. Karczmarczyk, A. Haungs, T. Murakami, Tomás Belenguer, Piero Vallania, M. D. Sabau, M. Serra, J. Bayer, C. de la Taille, K. Katahira, Luis A. Anchordoqui, T. Batsch, D. Supanitsky, Hanna Rothkaehl, R. Nava, N. Sakaki, Y. Karadzhov, I. Kaneko, K. Mase, J. Watts, L. Valore, Rossella Caruso, H. J. Crawford, C. Pennypacker, I. Rodríguez, Shoichi Ogio, Patrick J. Reardon, Toshiki Tajima, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, G. Masciantonio, Hitoshi Ohmori, Yoshiya Kawasaki, D. Allard, G. Castellini, M. E. Bertaina, Ken'ichi Nomoto, Silvia Ferrarese, Toshiyuki Nonaka, P. Prat, R. Young, M. Sakata, A. Guzmán, I. V. Yashin, T. Shirahama, T. Shibata, Alberto Cellino, P. Picozza, J. Lee, I. Fernández-Gómez, P. Baragatti, L. Marcelli, Ralph Engel, M. Karus, G. Sáez Cano, M. Nagata, A. Ebersoldt, L. Villaseñor, A. Bruno, Jeong-Sook Kim, L. R. Wiencke, J. Błȩcki, Karl Mannheim, D. Ikeda, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, F. Tajima, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, M. Rybczyński, Michael S. Briggs, A. J. de Castro, F. Sarazin, Domenico Finco, H. Lim, Frederic Trillaud, P. Gorodetzky, Dmitry V. Naumov, R. Bechini, Marc Weber, Katsuaki Asano, G. Cordero, M. C. Maccarone, Piotr Orleanski, N. Blanc, S. Piraino, J.N. Capdevielle, T. Patzak, S. Yoshida, J. Szabelski, Francesco Fenu, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Hiroyuki Sagawa, M. Wille, Andrii Neronov, Y. Uchihori, R. Matev, G. Giraudo, M. Suzuki, Satoshi Wada, H. Sato, C. De Donato, Markus Roth, J. N. Albert, T. Ogawa, Hajime Takami, B. A. Khrenov, G. Distratis, Fausto Guarino, O. Martinez, Masaki Fukushima, Thomas Schanz, Soon-Wook Kim, Takuji Nakamura, Jianyi Yang, Yoshitaka Itow, Shigeto Watanabe, H. Miyamoto, D. Maravilla, P. von Ballmoos, M. Ricci, K. Shinozaki, Angela V. Olinto, Fernando López, Andrea Santangelo, S. Selmane, Livio Conti, J. Fujimoto, A. Anzalone, Barbara Szabelska, T. Peter, David B. Cline, A. Zuccaro Marchi, Maxim Gonchar, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, F. Cafagna, G. Modestino, E. Joven, D. Campana, Francesco Isgrò, F. Dulucq, Z. Plebaniak, J. Blümer, Valentina Scotti, B. Keilhauer, Graciela B. Gelmini, M. Flamini, P. L. Biermann, Jörn Wilms, Javier Licandro, M. I. Panasyuk, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, L. G. Tkachev, O. A. Saprykin, Michiyuki Chikawa, B. Mot, Y. Hachisu, Inkyu Park, Frederic Jean Ronga, M. Dupieux, S. Csorna, T. Napolitano, S. Perez Cano, Y. Takizawa, L. Santiago Crúz, M. Putis, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Y. Arai, G. Vankova, I. Rusinov, A. Sobey, Y. Miyazaki, S. Blin-Bondil, C. De Santis, H. Tokuno, Y. Yamamoto, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, Yukihiro Takahashi, B. Pastirčák, E. G. Judd, T. Pierog, M. Ave Pernas, Katsuhiko Tsuno, H. Prieto, R. Cremonini, S. Biktemerova, J. Watanabe, Pierre Barrillon, Mark Christl, O. Tibolla, Osvaldo Catalano, Gali Garipov, K. Kawai, I. Kreykenbohm, Sergei A. Sharakin, R. Tsenov, Vladimir Andreev, Marcos Reyes, Marco Casolino, Claudio Fornaro, K. Belov, C. Catalano, A. Pollini, J. Hernández Carretero, Pavel Klimov, M. Unger, C. Lachaud, S. Dagoret-Campagne, M. Di Martino, A. Marini, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, T. J. Weiler, G. Osteria, S. Sánchez, S. Ahmad, Yoshimasa Kurihara, T. Tymieniecka, J. Sledd, H. Schieler, Mitsuteru Sato, C. González Alvarado, Alfonso Monaco, C. Blaksley, N. Tone, Ke Fang, M. Nagano, Taka Tomida, Daisuke Yonetoku, Roberto Bellotti, Andreas A. Berlind, M. Sanz Palomino, Tokonatsu Yamamoto, James H. Adams, M. Yu. Zotov, D. Kolev, Valerie Connaughton, H. H. Silva Lopez, Susana Briz, S. Falk, H. Ikeda, V. S. Morozenko, Hajime Yano, A. Dell’Oro, Toshitaka Kajino, K. Higashide, C. Moretto, P. Galeotti, C. Tenzer, T. Sugiyama, Tadeusz Wibig, K. Kudela, G. Roudil, B. Harlov, Carlo Vigorito, N. Tajima, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Guillaume Prévôt, M. Bogomilov, F. Kajino, H. W. Park, Massimiliano Bonamente, E. Kuznetsov, Alexander Kusenko, K. Słomińska, Akinori Saito, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, Dmitri Semikoz, Sug-Whan Kim, T. Mernik, Z. Włodarczyk, Simona Toscano, N. Inoue, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, Pavol Bobik, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, Susumu Inoue, A. Jung, T. Paul, K. Yoshida, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Geary, N. De Simone, Yoshihiko Mizumoto, Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Kansas State University, CTC, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (OATo), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Regione Emilia Romagna, Servizio Tecnico Bacini Enza e sinistra Secchia, Institute for Data Processing and Electronics (IPE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Tokushima research center, Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCLA, Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (INFN, Sezione di Torino), Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, Rzeszow University, Department of Mechanical System (Hiroshima University), Hiroshima University, Nagoya University, Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Institute of Experimental Physics of Kosice, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), KEK (High energy accelerator research organization), iMagX/MIRO, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), The Open University of Japan [Chiba] (OUJ), Tohoku University [Sendai], Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of Hyogo, INTEGRAL Science Data Center (ISDC), Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Service de dermatologie et vénéréologie (CHUV Lausanne), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics [Bern] (ISTB), University of Bern, Centre IRMf de Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Center for Mathematics and Physics, University of Aizu, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Colorado School of Mines, Department of Physics (Department of Physics), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), Department of Radiation-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute os Science and Technology, Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Dr. Karl-Remeis-Sternwarte, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)-Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Kyoto University, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of California-University of California, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), The University of Tokyo, University of Geneva [Switzerland]-University of Geneva [Switzerland], Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo], University of Florence (UNIFI), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), University of Tsukuba, Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blã¼mer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellini, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, O., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., FernÃ¡ndez GÃ³mez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., GonzÃ¡lez Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmã¡n, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., HernÃ¡ndez Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, Jeong Sook, Kim, Soon Wook, Kim, Sug Whan, Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., Lã³pez, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los RÃos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Nagano, M., Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prã©vã´t, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodrãguez, I., Frãas, M. D. RodrÃguez, Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., SÃ¡ez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sã¡nchez, S., Santangelo, A, Santiago CrÃºz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva LÃ³pez, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., ValdÃ©s Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseã±or, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., Zuccaro Marchi, A., École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: Photon, Aperture, Ciencias Físicas, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, Astrophysics, law.invention, Telescope, Atmosphere, law, International Space Station, Neutrino, Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, Neutrinos, Neutrinos, Ultra-high energy cosmic ray, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, neutrinos, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Universe, Astronomía, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract: 注記: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 288名 [所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS) 池田, 博一; 鈴木, 睦; 矢野, 創], Accepted: 2015-10-19, Note: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 288members [Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS) Ikeda, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Makoto; Yano, Hajime], 資料番号: SA1150231000
Published: 2015

47. Reflection-in-Action Markers for Reflection-on-Action in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Settings

Author: Gaëlle Molinari, Yannick Prié, Elise Lavoué, Safè Khezami, Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Centre de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Technologies de Formation et Apprentissage (TECFA), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Information, Milieux, Médias, Médiations - EA 3820 (I3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, General Computer Science, Exploratory research, 050109 social psychology, Education, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computers and Society (cs.CY), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Group work, Reflection (computer graphics), Set (psychology), distance education and telelearning, computer-mediated communication, Reflection in action, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Action (philosophy), Computer-supported collaborative learning, [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, Computer-mediated communication, Psychology, 0503 education, Social psychology, cooperative/collaborative learning, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: We describe an exploratory study on the use of markers set during a synchronous collaborative interaction (reflection-in-action) for later construction of reflection reports upon the collaboration that occurred (reflection-on-action). During two sessions, pairs of students used the Visu videoconferencing tool for synchronous interaction and marker setting (positive, negative or free) and then individual report building on the interaction (using markers or not). A quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted on the markers put in action, on their use to reflect on action and on the reflection categories of the sentences in these reports. Results show that the students (1) used the markers equally as a note-taking and reflection means during the interaction, (2) used mainly positive markers both to reflect in and on action; (3) paid more attention in identifying what worked in their interaction (conservative direction) rather than in planning on how to improve their group work (progressive direction); (4) used mainly their own markers to reflect on action, with an increase in the use of their partners's markers in the second reflection reports; (5) reflected mainly on their partner in the first reflection reports and more on themselves in the second reports to justify themselves and to express their satisfaction., Accepted for publication by Computers & Education
Published: 2015

48. Explosive-effusive-explosive: The role of magma ascent rates and paths in modulating caldera eruptions

Author: Olivier Bernard, Weiran Li, Fidel Costa, Steve Saunders, Ima Itikarai, Mikhail Sindang, Caroline Bouvet de Maisonneuve, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Geneva, Dept. of Mineralogy, and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology
Abstract: One of the biggest challenges in volcanology is assessing the role of magma properties (volatile budgets, storage depths, and ascent rates) in controlling eruption explosivity. We use a new approach based on apatite to estimate volatile contents and magma ascent rates from a sequence of sub-Plinian, effusive, and Vulcanian eruption deposits at Rabaul caldera (Papua New Guinea) emplaced in 2006 CE to probe the mechanisms responsible for the sudden transitions in eruption styles. Our findings show that all magmas were originally stored at similar conditions (2–4 km depth and 1.8–2.5 wt% H2O in the melt); only the magma that formed the lava flow stalled and degassed at a shallower level (0.2–1.5 km) for several months. A more energetic batch of magma rose from depth, bypassed the transient reservoir, and ascended within ≤8 h to Earth's surface (mean velocity ≥0.2 m/s), yielding the initial sub-Plinian phase of the eruption. The shallowly degassed magma was then able to reach the surface as a lava flow, likely through the path opened by the sub-Plinian magma. The magma of the last Vulcanian phase ascended without storage at a shallow depth, albeit more slowly (ascent rate 0.03–0.1 m/s) than the sub-Plinian magma. Our study illustrates how the complexity of plumbing systems may affect eruption styles, including at other volcanic systems, and have implications for interpreting volcano monitoring data.
Published: 2022

49. RAS activation induces synthetic lethality of MEK inhibition with mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia

Author: Justine Decroocq, Rudy Birsen, Camille Montersino, Prasad Chaskar, Jordi Mano, Laury Poulain, Chloe Friedrich, Anne-Sophie Alary, Helene Guermouche, Ambrine Sahal, Guillemette Fouquet, Mathilde Gotanègre, Federico Simonetta, Sarah Mouche, Pierre Gestraud, Auriane Lescure, Elaine Del Nery, Claudie Bosc, Adrien Grenier, Fetta Mazed, Johanna Mondesir, Nicolas Chapuis, Liza Ho, Aicha Boughalem, Marc Lelorc’h, Camille Gobeaux, Michaela Fontenay, Christian Recher, Norbert Vey, Arnaud Guillé, Daniel Birnbaum, Olivier Hermine, Isabelle Radford-Weiss, Petros Tsantoulis, Yves Collette, Rémy Castellano, Jean-Emmanuel Sarry, Eric Pasmant, Didier Bouscary, Olivier Kosmider, Jerome Tamburini, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) (RIGHT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, Laboratorio d'Informatica Musicale (LIM), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Institut Curie [Paris], Centre de Bioinformatique (CBIO), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, BioImaging Cell and Tissue Core Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer - Paris, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Laboratoire CERBA [Saint Ouen l'Aumône], Département d’Oncologie Médicale [IPC, Marseille], Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine - CARPEM [Paris], Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
Subjects: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Cancer Research, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hematology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Mice, Oxidative Stress, fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3, Oncology, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Mutation, Animals, Humans, Synthetic Lethal Mutations, neoplasms
Abstract: Despite recent advances in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) molecular characterization and targeted therapies, a majority of AML cases still lack therapeutically actionable targets. In 127 AML cases with unmet therapeutic needs, as defined by the exclusion of ELN favorable cases and of FLT3-ITD mutations, we identified 51 (40%) cases with alterations in RAS pathway genes (RAS+, mostly NF1, NRAS, KRAS, and PTPN11 genes). In 79 homogeneously treated AML patients from this cohort, RAS+ status were associated with higher white blood cell count, higher LDH, and reduced survival. In AML models of oncogenic addiction to RAS-MEK signaling, the MEK inhibitor trametinib demonstrated antileukemic activity in vitro and in vivo. However, the efficacy of trametinib was heterogeneous in ex vivo cultures of primary RAS+ AML patient specimens. From repurposing drug screens in RAS-activated AML cells, we identified pyrvinium pamoate, an anti-helminthic agent efficiently inhibiting the growth of RAS+ primary AML cells ex vivo, preferentially in trametinib-resistant PTPN11- or KRAS-mutated samples. Metabolic and genetic complementarity between trametinib and pyrvinium pamoate translated into anti-AML synergy in vitro. Moreover, this combination inhibited the propagation of RA+ AML cells in vivo in mice, indicating a potential for future clinical development of this strategy in AML.
Published: 2022

50. Spatially-Consistent Feature Matching and Learning for Heritage Image Analysis

Author: Xi Shen, Robin Champenois, Shiry Ginosar, Ilaria Pastrolin, Morgane Rousselot, Oumayma Bounou, Tom Monnier, Spyros Gidaris, François Bougard, Pierre-Guillaume Raverdy, Marie-Françoise Limon, Christine Bénévent, Marc Smith, Olivier Poncet, K. Bender, Béatrice Joyeux-Prunel, Elizabeth Honig, Alexei A. Efros, Mathieu Aubry, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge (LIGM), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, École nationale des chartes (ENC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Models of visual object recognition and scene understanding (WILLOW), Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Valeo.ai, VALEO, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Expérimentation et Développement [Paris] (SED), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Archives nationales, Université de Genève (UNIGE), This work was supported in part by ANR project EnHerit ANR-17-CE23-0008, PSL Filigrane pour tous project, project Rapid Tabasco, gifts from Adobe to Ecole des Ponts., ANR-17-CE23-0008,EnHerit,Exploitation des bases d'images patrimoniales(2017), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Centre Jean Mabillon (CJM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: Self-supervised learning, Artificial Intelligence, Feature learning, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artwork analysis, Software, Historical watermark recognition, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: International audience; Progress in the digitization of cultural assets leads to online databases that become too large for a human to analyze. Moreover, some analyses might be challenging, even for experts. In this paper, we explore two applications of computer vision to analyze historical data: watermark recognition and one-shot repeated pattern detection in artwork collections. Both problems present computer vision challenges which we believe to be representative of the ones encountered in cultural heritage applications: limited supervision is available, the tasks are fine-grained recognition, and the data comes in several different modalities. Both applications are also highly practical, as recognizing watermarks makes it possible to date and locate documents, while detecting repeated patterns allows exploring visual links between artworks. We demonstrate on both tasks the benefits of relying on deep mid-level features. More precisely, we define an image similarity score based on geometric verification of mid-level features and show how spatial consistency can be used to fine-tune out-of-the-box features for the target dataset with weak or no supervision. This paper relates and extends our previous works. Our code and data are available at \url{http://imagine.enpc.fr/~shenx/HisImgAnalysis/}.
Published: 2022

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