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• Foldscope is an efficient, low-cost, lightweight, and portable microscope. • Foldscope is an alternative for a conventional compound microscope for monitoring of the pollination process. • Foldscope can be used for field-level real-time in vivo monitoring of the pollination process. An efficient, low-cost, lightweight, and portable paper microscope can be used to monitor real-time in vivo pollination, which is not feasible with a conventional compound microscope. The advantages of paper microscopes (foldscopes) remain unexplored for in vivo field-oriented assessment of pollination. In this study, experiments were carried out to calibrate and validate the capability of foldscopes to investigate in vitro pollen traits and to understand the feasibility of using in real-time in vivo field-level investigations. Comparison of optical images of pollen morphological traits (color, size, and shape) of diverse plant species (including crops) captured using a foldscope and a compound microscope revealed little to no differences. In addition, foldscopes were calibrated to monitor and estimate in vitro pollen viability in wheat, sorghum, sunflower, chickpea, soybean, and periwinkle and to determine in vitro pollen germination in chickpea, maize, and periwinkle. Pollen tube growth was observed by time-lapse imaging of pollen from periwinkle. The foldscope efficiently captured genotypic variation in in vitro pollen germination of twelve chickpea genotypes under drought revealing the possibility of foldscopes as a tool for field level, real-time in vivo monitoring of pollination under drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research work was conducted for the evaluation of repellent and growth inhibitory potential of Azadirachta indica, Murraya koenigii, Nicotiana tobacum and Liquorice against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Each plant extract was tested with four concentrations viz; 5, 10, 15 & 20 % for bioassay experiments. Repellent potentials of acetone extract of the plants were evaluated by using the area preference method against the pulse beetle. The four dilutions of the extracted plant materials (extract) were used at one half of the filter papers (of each) while remaining halves were solely treated with acetone (used as control experimental unit) for the comparison purposes. Data regarding repellence were taken after 12, 24 and 48 hours of the post treatment. In repellency bioassay, the highest (93.32%) repellence of Callosobruchus chinensis was observed for which against 20% concentration of A. indica extract, whereas lowest repellence (78.87%) was recorded in case of Liquorice. Repellency values of 90.07% and 84.76% were recorded in extracts of M. koenigii and N. tobacum in Faisalabad strain. In case of Lahore strain highest repellence of C. chinensis was observed for which 95.16% at 20% concentration of A. indica extract was whereas relatively lowest value (82.04%) was recorded in case of Liquorice. Repellency values of 87.27% and 91.06% were recorded in extracts of M. koenigii and N. tobacum. The results regarding growth inhibitory effect revealed that highest mean progeny inhibition (78.12%) was noted at 20% dose rate of A. indica extracted plant material after longest exposure time (60 days). Comparatively lowest inhibition (28.21%) was noted after 30 days exposure period at 5% dilution of Liquorice extract in Faisalabad strain. Mean inhibition of progeny was found directly dependent on both time as well as concentration, applied. Results revealed that highest mean progeny inhibition (85.03%) was recorded at 20% concentration of A. indica extract after longest exposure time (60 days). Comparatively, lowest inhibition (35.18%) was recorded at 5% after 30 days of application of Nicotiana tobacum extract in Lahore strain. Hence, use of plant-based materials can be helpful for the ecofriendly management of the stored grains insect pests as a part of IPM program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dry root rot (DRR) caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola [(Taub.) Butler] is an emerging disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and a serious constraint to chickpea production in warm and arid regions. To identify the genomic regions conferring resistance to DRR, a total of 182 F9 derived Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) were developed from the cross between a susceptible line BG 212 and moderately resistant breeding line ICCV 08305. The parental lines and RILs were screened against Rb 6 isolate of R. bataticola using paper towel method under controlled environment at ICRISAT during 2016 and 2017. The RILs were genotyped with cost-effective SNP genotyping platform, Affymetrix® Axiom®CicerSNP array. As a result, a high-density genetic map with 13,110 SNP markers spanning 1224.11 cM with an average inter marker distance of 0.09 cM was developed. A single minor QTL ('qDRR-8') explaining 6.70% PVE with LOD scores 3.34 was identified on CaLG08 for DRR resistance which could be further explored for mining candidate genes and the linked SNP markers could be further validated for application in marker-assisted selection of DRR resistance in chickpea breeding programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the applications of fast breeding technologies in crop improvement and functional genomics studies. These technologies, including molecular selection, gene mapping, haploid induction, and genome editing, have greatly expedited the process of modifying crop traits and mapping genes. Examples of these technologies being used include the use of CRISPR/Cas9 to modify crop traits and the development of new haploid inducer lines in various plants. The article also highlights specific research papers on genetic improvement in melon, potato, wheat, rice, and tomato crops using these technologies. Additionally, the document discusses various research papers in the field of plant science, covering topics such as stress tolerance in tomatoes, doubled haploid plants in maize and wheat, and gene exploration in different crops. These papers provide valuable insights into breeding materials, marker development, and the cloning of new genes, contributing to the development of new germplasms and varieties in crops. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agriculture is a key component of Telangana's economy, and greater performance in this sector is crucial for inclusive growth. A central challenge is yielding estimation to predict crop yields before harvesting. This paper addresses this challenge with machine learning approaches includes Naive Bayes, KNN and Random Forest. The parameters considered for model testing are crop, season, rainfall and location. This paper includes a case study of Telangana with the help of Telangana weather data set to provide analysis on the key factors like overall rainfall recorded with respect to each Mandal, overall seasonal yield in selected years, seasonal yield of major crops like Bengal gram, groundnut and maize, and overall yield in two different agricultural seasons: rabi and kharif. Random forest machine learning model produces highest accuracy of 99.32% when compared with other process models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of technical papers on plant science presented at the 8th Canadian Pulse Research Workshop in Calgary, Alberta which include the effect of the consumption of a pulse-based diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in older adults, the production of soybean in southern Alberta and the use of physiological and molecular approaches in improving chickpea productivity under drought.

Pulse crops, including beans, peas, chickpeas, and lentils, are vital sources of protein, fiber, and essential nutrients worldwide. They serve not only as staple foods but also as key components of sustainable agricultural practices, contributing to soil fertility through nitrogen fixation and enhancing overall productivity. However, pulse crops face numerous abiotic and biotic stresses mainly insect pest attack and pathogen invasion, which pose significant threats to pulse crops, impacting both production and food security. To overcome these challenges, plants have evolved diverse defense mechanisms, including the emission of specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These volatiles play crucial roles in plant communication, protection, and real-time health status indication. Monitoring VOCs offers a promising approach for early detection of pest infestations or pathogen infections, enabling the grower to take early action and decide on the proper control measure to minimize losses. The identification of plant-emitted VOCs requires robust and sensitive analytical techniques such as gas chromatography andmass spectrometry, which are themainly used techniques for in pulse crops studies. However, traditional methods have limitations, prompting the need for advanced, portable, and real-time detection alternatives, such as gas-sensing technologies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of VOC measuring methods, including extraction, separation, and analytical techniques, focusing on their application in pulse crops. Recent advancements in gas-sensing technologies are also discussed, highlighting their potential in enhancing crop protection and agricultural sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Future European agriculture should achieve high productivity while limiting its impact on the environment. Legume-supported crop rotations could contribute to these goals, as they request less nitrogen (N) fertilizer inputs, show high resource use efficiency and support biodiversity. However, legumes grown for their grain (pulses) are not widely cultivated in Europe. To further expand their cultivation, it remains crucial to better understand how different cropping and environmental features affect pulses production in Europe. To address this gap, we collected the grain yields of the most cultivated legumes across European countries, from both published scientific papers and unpublished experiments of the European projects LegValue and Legato. Data were integrated into an open-source, easily updatable dataset, including 5229 yield observations for five major pulses: chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). These data were collected in 177 field experiments across 21 countries, from 37° N (southern Italy) to 63° N (Finland) of latitude, and from ca. 8° W (western Spain) to 47° E (Turkey), between 1980 and 2020. Our dataset can be used to quantify the effects of the soil, climate, and agronomic factors affecting pulses yields in Europe and could contribute to identifying the most suitable cropping areas in Europe to grow pulses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, titled "Editorial: Molecular and breeding mechanisms for enhanced performance in underutilized leguminous crops in Africa," discusses the importance of underutilized leguminous crops in Africa, such as chickpea, common bean, and soybean, for food security. Despite their nutritional value and drought tolerance, these crops have low productivity and limited genetic improvement. The article focuses on research efforts to identify useful traits, breeding methods, and the role of emerging technologies to increase the utilization of genetic resources in Africa's pre-breeding programs. The article also highlights four papers published within this research topic, which cover topics such as lipid transfer proteins in chickpeas, gamma irradiation-induced genetic variability in groundnuts, metabolome profile variations in common beans, and the role of the R2R3-MYB gene family in anthocyanin biosynthesis in pea flowers. Overall, this research topic covers various aspects of legume genetics and their potential application in improving these crops. [Extracted from the article]

Plastic is a fossil-based synthetic polymer that has become an essential material in our daily life. Plastic pollution resulting from the accumulation of plastic objects has become problematic for our environment. Bioplastic can be a biodegradable environmentally friendly alternative for the synthetic plastic. In this paper, bioplastics based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/gellan gum (GG) blend have been produced in three different compositions and their chemical structure, mechanical, morphological and thermal properties have been studied. Glycerol has been used as a plasticizer. To add extra features to the PVA/GG bioplastic, Psidium guajava (guava) leaves, GL, and chickpea, CP, extracts have been added to the PVA/GG (30/70) blend. Water and aqueous ethanol have been used in the extraction of GL and CP, respectively. The addition of the plant's extracts enhanced the tensile properties of the PVA/GG bioplastic. Weathering acceleration tests have been carried out to examine the degradation of the prepared bioplastics. Cytotoxicity studies revealed that the prepared bioplastic is safe to be used in food packaging applications. Water and oxygen permeability for the new PVA/GG bioplastic have also been studied. The addition of the plant extracts (GL and CP extracts) increased the oxygen and water permeability to different extents. Bioplastic life cycle assessment (LCA) and CO2 emissions in comparison to fossil-based plastic have been investigated. From all the results, PVA/GG based bioplastic proved to be a degradable, safe and effective alternative for fossil-based plastics in food packaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third-most important food legume in terms of economic importance worldwide is the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Its potential production is frequently constrained by numerous biotic stressors, such as the nematodes, insects Ascochyta blight, fusarsium wilt, and botrytis grey mould are the three major fungal diseases that cause significant economic losses, while Helicoverpa armigera, Aphis craccivora, cowpea weevil are the three major pre-harvest pest of chickpea. Several biological, chemical, cultural and, agronomical practices are used to control biotic stress, apart from that few modern biotechnological approaches also developed for high yielding and biotic stress resistant varieties. This paper aims to elaborate about different biotic stresses that affect Chickpea plant, their management strategies including traditional chemicals and adaptation of transgenic varieties with their limitations and also enlightened newer ray of hope i.e., plant growth promoting rhizobacteria that holds the ability to combat against biotic stress by mitigating stress ethylene level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human and global health would be greatly improved by replacing animal-based foods with plant-based alternatives. This transition would be facilitated when more affordable, convenient, sustainable, nutritious, and tasty plant-based foods are available on the market. Interest in related research has surged these years, and dozens of plant-based cheese (PBC) products have been introduced to the market. However, studies found that most PBCs are far from comparable with dairy cheese in nutritional value, and the texture and sensory properties are still hurdles to the widespread consumption of PBCs. This paper focused on the "tissue disruption route" and adopted chickpeas and nuts as the main ingredients to form a cheese snack. Test results showed that our samples were high of nourishment value compared to the cheese sample and even healthier than the cheese in the terms of energy (709.37 ± 1.35 vs. 865.63 ± 0.49 kJ/100 g, p < 0.01), K/Na ratio (142.00 ± 0.82 / 13.33 ± 0.12 mg/100 g vs. 121.67 ± 2.05 / 44.23 ± 0.05 mg/100 g, p < 0.01), DF (6.99 ± 0.01 g/100 g vs. N/A, p < 0.01), and cholesterol (8.81 ± 0.25 vs. 207.30 ± 3.35 mg/100 g, p < 0.01). From the order of magnitude, the PBC samples are similar to the cheese sample in the aspects of cohesiveness (p < 0.05) in texture test, and the fermentation process improved the imitation of texture properties in terms of hardness and cohesiveness (both p < 0.05). The volatile compounds were similar between the two PBC samples; however, the fermentation process could increase the species of the volatile compounds and make the PBC a little more similar to the dairy cheese. Overall, the observed properties of our PBC snack using raw chickpeas and nuts make the "plant-based cheese substitutes" extremely promising because of their nutritional value, sensory, and texture properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of two different matrices (e.g., starch base flour vs. protein base flour) on the ability of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to classify binary mixtures of chickpea (protein), corn and tapioca (starch) flours. Binary mixtures were made by mixing different proportions of chickpea plus corn, chickpea plus tapioca, and corn plus tapioca flour. Spectra were collected using NIR spectroscopy and the data analyzed using techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results showed an effect of the matrix on the PLS-DA classification results, in both classification rates and PLS loadings. The different combinations of flours/mixtures showed changes in absorbance values around 4752 cm−1 that are associated with starch and protein. Nevertheless, the use of NIR spectroscopic might provide a valuable initial screening and identification of the potential contamination of flours along the supply and value chains, enabling more costly methods to be used more productively on suspect samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A definitive screening design was used in order to evaluate the effects of starch, glycerol and montmorillonite (MMT) concentrations, as well as the drying temperature, drying tray type and starch species, on packaging film's functional properties. Optimization showed that in order to obtain films with the minimum possible thickness, the maximum elongation at break, the maximum tensile strength, as well as reduced water vapor permeability and low opacity, a combination of factors should be used as follows: 5.5% wt starch concentration, 30% wt glycerol concentration on a dry starch basis, 10.5% wt MMT concentration on a dry starch basis, 45 °C drying temperature, chickpea as the starch species and plexiglass as the drying tray type. Based on these results, starch films were prepared, and fresh minced meat was stored in them for 3 days. It was shown that the incorporation of MMT at 10.5% wt on a dry starch basis in the packaging films led to a decreased mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria growth factor compared to commercial packaging. When assessed for their biodegradability, the starch films disintegrated after 10 days of thermophilic incubation under simulated composting conditions. Finally, to prove their handling capability during industrial production, the starch films were rewound in a paper cylinder using an industrial-scale rewinding machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chickpea is a highly nutritious pulse crop with low digestible carbohydrates (40–60%), protein (15–22%), essential fats (4–8%), and a range of minerals and vitamins. The fatty acid composition of the seed adds value because fats govern the texture, shelf-life, flavor, aroma, and nutritional composition of chickpea-based food products. Therefore, the biofortification of essential fatty acids has become a nutritional breeding target for chickpea crop improvement programs worldwide. This paper examines global chickpea production, focusing on plant lipids, their functions, and their benefits to human health. In addition, this paper also reviews the chemical analysis of essential fatty acids and possible breeding targets to enrich essential fatty acids in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) biofortification. Biofortification of chickpea for essential fatty acids within safe levels will improve human health and support food processing to retain the quality and flavor of chickpea-based food products. Essential fatty acid biofortification is possible by phenotyping diverse chickpea germplasm over suitable locations and years and identifying the candidate genes responsible for quantitative trait loci mapping using genome-wide association mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: alternative oxidase (AOX); fruit ripening; mitochondria; nitric oxide (NO); pomegranate EN alternative oxidase (AOX) fruit ripening mitochondria nitric oxide (NO) pomegranate 2410 2412 3 02/05/21 20210301 NES 210301 What inspired your interest in plant science? Professor Kaiser became my PhD supervisor and introduced me to nitric oxide (NO) research, which at that time was a "hot topic". From 2012 to 2014, he was a Marie Curie Fellow at the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford (UK) working on the role of nitric oxide in the low oxygen stress response in plants. Alternative oxidase (AOX), fruit ripening, mitochondria, nitric oxide (NO), pomegranate. [Extracted from the article]

Increased productivity of drought-tolerant pulses could potentially reduce household food insecurity, particularly in developing countries. This paper examines the effect of socioeconomic and institutional factors and the adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) practices on productivity of green gram, pigeon pea and cowpea in Makueni County, Kenya. We consider six common CSA practices namely: benches, soil conservation practices, minimum tillage, agroforestry, irrigation practices, and crop diversification. Using data from 384 randomly selected farmers, we use Sseemingly Unrelated Regression (SUREG) model to estimate factors influencing productivity of drought-tolerant pulses. The results showed that soil conservation practices were the most adopted (72%), while irrigation practices were the least adopted (9.6%). Among the CSA practices, crop diversification and benches were key to significantly affect the productivity of the three pulses, while agroforestry did not affect productivity of any of the selected pulses. Farming experience, number of extension contacts, and years of schooling were key socioeconomic and institutional factors that significantly affected the productivity of drought-tolerant pulses considered. Results showed that the impact of CSA practices on productivity differed among the pulses, since the soil conservation practices affected the productivity of both green gram and pigeon pea, while other practices including minimum tillage soil and irrigation practices affected the productivity of cowpea and green gram, respectively. Consequently, policies should consider promoting the adoption CSA practices among smallholder famers in Sub-Saharan Africa to improve farm level crop productivity and ensure household food security. Furthermore, Sub-Saharan Africa governments and agricultural sector policy makers should promote sustainable financial incentives such as establishment of farmer-friendly credit financing schemes to enhance CSA adoption and in-turn boost smallholder farmers farm net returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sprouting has been used widely to enrich the nutritional quality of cereals and legumes. It improves the bioavailability of nutrients, especially those bound to phytic acid. However, sprouting is a good medium for microbial growth; thus, producing safe sprouts from harmful microbial growth is challenging. In food biotechnology, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be potentially used to improve nutrition and play a vital role as competitive microbes in food preservation. Therefore, supporting natural LAB growth by adding glucose sources during sprouting can produce a safer sprouting medium. Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) sprouted for up to 50 h with glucose (0.1% and 1%) under aero-anaerobic conditions, with recycled water periodically spraying on the sprouts to support the natural LAB growth. Results show increased LAB counts, lactic acid and acetic acid, and decreased pH. Moreover, the addition of glucose had no significant detrimental effects on sprout quality compared to the control sample relative to nutritional compounds, such as saccharides, which remained similar. This sprouting method can be scaled up to production levels and is considerably cheaper than other treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of genomic selection (GS) methods has allowed plant breeding programs to select favorable lines using genomic data before performing field trials. Improvements in genotyping technology have yielded high-dimensional genomic marker data which can be difficult to incorporate into statistical models. In this paper, we investigated the utility of applying dimensionality reduction (DR) methods as a pre-processing step for GS methods. We compared five DR methods and studied the trend in the prediction accuracies of each method as a function of the number of features retained. The effect of DR methods was studied using three models that involved the main effects of line, environment, marker, and the genotype by environment interactions. The methods were applied on a real data set containing 315 lines phenotyped in nine environments with 26,817 markers each. Regardless of the DR method and prediction model used, only a fraction of features was sufficient to achieve maximum correlation. Our results underline the usefulness of DR methods as a key pre-processing step in GS models to improve computational efficiency in the face of ever-increasing size of genomic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antifungal effects of methanol, acetone, dichloromethane and aqueous extracts of four flowers, marigold (Tagetes erecta), Gaillardia sp. (G. aristata), Chrysanthemum sp. (C. indicum) and Calotropis sp. (C. gigantea) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo against Sclerotium rolfsii, the causal agent of collar rot of chickpea alone and in combination with bio agents. Among all extracts tested, aqueous extract of marigold flower exhibited potential antifungal activity against S. rolfsii. Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens 10 g/ kg+Trichoderma harzianum 4 g/kg+marigold aqueous extract 4% was proved to be effective in increasing seedling vigour index of chickpea (2716.91) in paper towel assay and also found effective to reduce collar rot disease incidence of chickpea (70.56%) under greenhouse conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imaging-based methods of food portion size estimation (FPSE) promise higher accuracies compared to traditional methods. Many FPSE methods require dimensional cues (fiducial markers, finger-references, object-references) in the scene of interest and/or manual human input (wireframes, virtual models). This paper proposes a novel passive, standalone, multispectral, motion-activated, structured light-supplemented, stereo camera for food intake monitoring (FOODCAM) and an associated methodology for FPSE that does not need a dimensional reference given a fixed setup. The proposed device integrated a switchable band (visible/infrared) stereo camera with a structured light emitter. The volume estimation methodology focused on the 3-D reconstruction of food items based on the stereo image pairs captured by the device. The FOODCAM device and the methodology were validated using five food models with complex shapes (banana, brownie, chickpeas, French fries, and popcorn). Results showed that the FOODCAM was able to estimate food portion sizes with an average accuracy of 94.4%, which suggests that the FOODCAM can potentially be used as an instrument in diet and eating behavior studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of mathematical models and efficient technologies for the processing of protein-containing dairy and vegetable raw materials and the production of food and feed concentrates with controlled functional properties is one of the most promising areas within the agricultural industry. In this work, the suitability of the electroflotation coagulation method for the combined extraction of vegetable and milk proteins was established by changing the electrolysis parameters and directed regulation of the isoelectric state of proteins. The research methodology is based on modern achievements of leading domestic and foreign researchers in the field of electrolysis of solutions and the creation of reagentless technologies for extracting proteins, as well as on the use of guest methods of physicochemical analysis, pH-metry, potentiometric and organoleptic analysis, methods of cyclic chronovoltammetry and currentless chronopotentiometry. The paper presents technological schemes for the extraction of vegetable and milk proteins, based on the combination of electroflotation and electrocoagulation processes. We carried out technological tests, which made it possible to determine the optimal conditions that ensure the highest yield of the product and its quality indicators. Ready-made isolates and concentrates of chickpea proteins and curd whey were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research in Agricultural Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recently, Cicer species have experienced increased research interest due to their economic importance, especially in genetics, genomics, and crop improvement. The Cicer arietinum, Cicer reticulatum, and Cicer echinospermum genomes have been sequenced and provide valuable resources for trait improvement. Since the publication of the chickpea draft genome, progress has been made in genome assembly, functional annotation, and identification of polymorphic markers. However, work is still needed to identify transposable elements (TEs) and make them available for researchers. In this paper, we present CicerSpTEdb, a comprehensive TE database for Cicer species that aims to improve our understanding of the organization and structural variations of the chickpea genome. Using structure and homology-based methods, 3942 C. echinospermum, 3579 C. reticulatum, and 2240 C. arietinum TEs were identified. Comparisons between Cicer species indicate that C. echinospermum has the highest number of LTR-RT and hAT TEs. C. reticulatum has more Mutator, PIF Harbinger, Tc1 Mariner, and CACTA TEs, while C. arietinum has the highest number of Helitron. CicerSpTEdb enables users to search and visualize TEs by location and download their results. The database will provide a powerful resource that can assist in developing TE target markers for molecular breeding and answer related biological questions. Database URL:http://cicersptedb.easyomics.org/index.php [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, it was aimed to examine the changes in the cost and profitability of rose (oil), wheat, barley and chickpea, which are important agricultural products in Isparta province. In this context, statistical data of Isparta Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry and TURKSTAT were utilized. According to the findings of the research, in 2022, rose (oilseed) kg cost was 10.57 TL, relative profit 1.58; wheat kg production cost 6.11 TL, relative profit 1.51; barley kg production cost 4.54 TL, relative profit 1.31 and chickpea kg production cost 14.78 TL, relative profit 1.25. There was a general upward trend in the production costs of the products analyzed. The increase in factors such as diesel, fertilizer, pesticides and harvest labor costs cauzed the cost of the products to increase. In addition, due to the nature of agriculture, changes in yield with the effect of the climate factor also affected the income of farmers. This reduces the profit margin of producers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the labor intensity of manual chickpea harvesting and the difficulty of using conventional cutterbar headers in rough and uneven fields, chickpea harvesting can turn into a costly and time-consuming process. For easier harvesting of chickpeas without these problems, the authors of this paper designed and fabricated a chickpea stripper header in accordance with the design principles of stripper headers and with attention to product characteristics and requirements. The components used in the design include a pneumatic collector and conveyer system, a pod accumulator, a cyclone separator, and a centrifugal fan. The mechanical power needed for rotating the header and the fan is taken from the engine of a BCS harvester, which is chosen because of its wide availability and practical features, in order to achieve good performance with reasonably low energy loss. After the design phase, the components were fabricated and assembled and the machine was subjected to preliminary assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, supply‐related and price data for several chickpea importing regions and supply‐related data for export competitor countries were encompassed into price transmission models to determine whether such factors are helpful for explaining the United States chickpea price variation. Specifically, the models included satellite‐based normalized difference vegetation index, a measure of growing conditions, and area planted estimates for importing regions of the Indian subcontinent and the Mediterranean, and area planted estimates for exporting competitors, Australia and Canada. Results show that inclusion of supply‐related information improved goodness of fit statistics in all models relative to base models that only include prices, providing evidence that such information is important for explaining United States chickpea price changes. The models with the highest goodness of fit statistics were those that accounted for (1) deteriorating growing conditions in the Mediterranean region coinciding with declining area planted in Canada and (2) concurrently deteriorating growing conditions and declining area planted in the Indian subcontinent. [EconLit citations: Q11, Q17] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: According to the United Nations "the world population prospects 2019" report, the population of the world is expected to increase currently from 7.7 billion to 9.7 billion in 2050. This rapid growth in the population will adversely put incredible stress on our climate, food and health. As we are already running out of natural resources, it is high time to rethink our policies. Sustainable development is the need of an hour. Some policy decisions are required to overcome such expected challenges. To maintain the balance between the demand and supply there should be a prearranged, preplanned mechanism to be adopted for the sustainable growth and development of the production-cum-consumption system at a global level. In this paper, we will try to experimentally demonstrate how the growth of some legume crops is helpful to us we will also scientifically prove the utility of environmental pollutant fly-ash as an alternative fertilizer. Methods: An experiment was conducted during the month of October to February (2018-2019) at the C.C.S. University Campus, Meerut. Different amounts of fly ash of 20, 40, 60 gm/m2 and two diverse chickpea genotype JG-11 and JG-14 were taken as experimental material. Result: Fly ash in a sufficient amount increases the availability of macro- and micro-nutrient of the soil which is beneficial to plant growth and development. Fly ash significantly improved the physio-chemical properties of soil such as pH, CEC, BD, PD and also improves chickpea growth and yield. Fly ash found safe for agriculture applications in 20-40 gm/m2 range in the context of fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiological studies reported an inverse association between the consumption of legumes and the incidence of age-related diseases. This trend could be attributed to the presence of antioxidant compounds, especially phenolic and flavonoid compounds. In this paper, five pea (Pisum sativum L.) and twelve chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) accessions, having different characteristics and geographical origin, were characterised in terms of antioxidant activity, as well as macro- and micro-nutrient composition. The antioxidant activity has been evaluated using both DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging capacity assays. Chickpea and pea accessions showed a different behaviour in the presence of these different radicals. Chickpea accessions were characterised by significantly higher DPPH• scavenging activity, while peas showed a significantly higher value of antioxidant activity evaluated using the ABTS assay. Pea accessions had the highest content of total phenolic compounds, Zn, and Cu. A positive correlation was found between some minerals, such as Zn, Cu and P, and the ABTS•+ scavenging activity. Black and brown chickpea accessions showed significantly higher contents of anthocyanins, Mn, Mg, and Ca, which were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity assessed with the DPPH assay. Despite the dataset investigated in our study included a limited number of accessions, it was possible to highlight the influence of the chemical composition on the antioxidant activity due to the high phenotypic diversity found between the accessions, emphasising the importance of selecting the antioxidant activity assay according to the matrix to be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]