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Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the Melanoma Care Programme when implemented into routine clinical practice coupled with fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) screening and a stepped‐care model of intervention delivery. Methods: Using a Type‐I hybrid effectiveness‐implementation design, individuals with stage 0‐II melanoma and a Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory FCR severity score of ≥ 13 were offered the Melanoma Care Programme. The programme included a psychoeducational booklet and 3 to 5 psychotherapeutic telehealth sessions with a clinical psychologist, timed around routine dermatological appointments. Multivariable linear mixed modelling was used to analyse the effect of the intervention at 1‐week post‐intervention on patient‐reported outcomes, including FCR severity (primary outcome), symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, melanoma‐related knowledge, and health‐related quality of life. Results: One hundred and twelve participants completed the intervention from 146 participants screened for FCR. Adjusted multivariable linear mixed modelling demonstrated that participants who received the intervention reported a reduced FCR severity at 1‐week post‐intervention (mean change: −3.81 [95% CI: −4.67, −2.95], p < 0.001) compared to baseline. Participants also reported improvements in melanoma‐related knowledge (mean change: 0.64 [95% CI: 0.13, 1.15], p = 0.014), depressive symptoms (mean change: −1.41 [95% CI: −1.92, −0.90], p < 0.001), anxiety (mean change: −1.05 [95% CI: −1.48, −0.61], p < 0.001), stress (mean change: −1.58 [95% CI: −2.22, −0.93], p < 0.001), and health‐related quality of life (mean change: 4.05 [95% CI: 2.84, 5.26], p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Melanoma Care Programme maintained effectiveness when implemented into routine clinical practice with the addition of FCR screening and a stepped care model of delivery. Trial Registration: This study is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ACTRN12621000145808) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population‐wide skin cancer screening is not currently recommended in most countries. Instead, most clinical guidelines incorporate risk‐based recommendations for skin checks, despite limited evidence around implementation and adherence to recommendations in practice. We aimed to determine adherence to personal risk‐tailored melanoma skin check schedules and explore reasons influencing adherence. Patients (with/without a previous melanoma) attending tertiary dermatology clinics at the Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia, were invited to complete a melanoma risk assessment questionnaire via iPad and provided with personal risk information alongside a risk‐tailored skin check schedule. Data were collected from the risk tool, clinician‐recorded data on schedule deviations, and appointment booking system. Post‐consultation, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with patients and clinic staff. We used a convergent segregated mixed methods approach for analysis. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and data were analysed thematically. Participant data were analysed from clinic records (n = 247) and interviews (n = 29 patients, 11 staff). Overall, there was 62% adherence to risk‐tailored skin check schedules. In cases of non‐adherence, skin checks tended to occur more frequently than recommended. Decisions to deviate were similarly influenced by patients (44%) and clinicians (56%). Themes driving non‐adherence among patients included anxiety and wanting autonomy around decision‐making, and among clinicians included concerns around specific lesions and risk estimate accuracy. There was moderate adherence to a clinical service program of personal risk‐tailored skin check recommendations. Further adherence may be gained by incorporating strategies to identify and assist patients with high levels of anxiety and supporting clinicians to communicate risk‐based recommendations with patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We investigated the association between sun protection behaviours and demographic and melanoma risk characteristics of patients attending Australian melanoma specialist clinics. This may assist in targeting and tailoring melanoma prevention patient education for people at high‐risk and specific population subgroups. Methods: A cross‐sectional analysis of questionnaire data collected from participants attending the dermatology clinics at two major melanoma centres in Sydney, Australia between February 2021 and September 2023. The primary outcome was Sun Protection Habits (SPH) index (a summary score measured as habitual past month use of sunscreen, hats, sunglasses, a shirt with sleeves that covers the shoulders, limiting midday sun exposure and seeking shade, using a Likert scale). The primary analysis considered the SPH index and its component items scored as continuous. Results: Data from 883 people were analysed. Factors associated with less frequent sun protection behaviours overall included male gender, no personal history of melanoma, lower perceived risk, lower calculated 10‐year risk of developing melanoma, and no private health insurance. People aged >61 years reported lower use of sunscreen but higher use of hats and sleeved‐shirts compared with people in the younger age group. There was no difference in overall sun protection behaviours according to family history of melanoma, country of birth or by lifetime melanoma risk among people without a personal history of melanoma. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential for targeting high‐risk individuals with less frequent use of sun protection for patient education, public health messaging and ultimately improving sun protection behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skin cancer is a growing global problem and a significant health and economic burden. Despite the practical necessity for skin cancer to be managed in primary care settings, little is known about how quality of care is or should be measured in this setting. This scoping review aimed to capture the breadth and range of contemporary evidence related to the measurement of quality in skin cancer management in primary care settings. Six databases were searched for relevant texts reporting on quality measurement in primary care skin cancer management. Data from 46 texts published since 2011 were extracted, and quality measures were catalogued according to the three domains of the Donabedian model of healthcare quality (structure, process and outcome). Quality measures within each domain were inductively analysed into 13 key emergent groups. These represented what were deemed to be the most relevant components of skin cancer management as related to structure, process or outcomes measurement. Four groups related to the structural elements of care provision (e.g. diagnostic tools and equipment), five related to the process of care delivery (e.g. diagnostic processes) and four related to the outcomes of care (e.g. poor treatment outcomes). A broad range of quality measures have been documented, based predominantly on articles using retrospective cohort designs; systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials were limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objective: Diagnostic tools such as dermoscopy, sequential digital dermoscopy imaging (SDDI), total body photography (TBP) and automated diagnostic tools are available to assist in early melanoma diagnosis. The use, accessibility and barriers of dermoscopy have been well studied; however, there are few similar studies regarding SDDI, TBP and automated diagnostic tools. We aim to understand the use of these diagnostic aids amongst Australian general practitioners (GPs) and dermatologists. Methods: Between June 2019 and January 2020, GPs and dermatologists across Australia were invited to participate in an online survey. Surveys were distributed through GP and dermatology organisations. Results: A total of 227 survey responses were received, 175 from GPs and 52 from dermatologists. Amongst GPs, 44.6% worked in a skin cancer clinic. Dermoscopy was used at least occasionally by 98.9% of all GPs. SDDI was used by 93.6% of skin cancer GPs, 80.8% of dermatologists and 45.3% of generalist GPs. TBP was used or recommended by 77.1% of generalist GPs, 82.3% of skin cancer GPs and 86.5% of dermatologists. The most common barriers to the use of TBP were cost, limited accessibility, poor patient compliance, and time required for both patients and doctors. Very few clinicians reported using automated diagnostic tools. There was an interest in future diagnostic aids for melanoma in 88% of GPs and dermatologists. Conclusion: Dermoscopy, SDDI and TBP were commonly used by responding Australian skin cancer GPs and dermatologists in this survey. Automated diagnostic tools were not reported to be used routinely. Several barriers were identified for use of TBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: In melanoma management, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is used to stage patients and to indicate prognosis. More recently, it has been used to select patients for adjuvant therapy. This study aimed to report knowledge of and attitudes towards SLNB for patients with melanoma among Australian dermatologists. Methods: Mixed methods study using cross‐sectional questionnaires (n = 88) and semi‐structured interviews (n = 13), May–September 2019. Results: Of the dermatologists surveyed, 56% thought SLNB had an important role in melanoma management, 26% were unsure and 18% thought SLNB unimportant. Of the 92% who would discuss SLNB with their patients, the main stated value of SLNB was for assessing eligibility for adjuvant therapies (79%); only 60% indicated SLNB was of value for providing prognostic information, and just over half (53%) thought it could improve staging. Interview data indicated that attitudes towards SLNB are shifting among dermatologists, driven by data from landmark clinical trials and the influence of professional networks. Accordingly, interviewees adopted one of three positions in relation to SLNB: (a) believed in utility of SLNB and adhered to the guidelines; (b) were unconvinced about utility of SLNB but adhered to the guidelines; and (c) were unconvinced about utility of SLNB and did not adhere to the guidelines. Conclusion: Although most of the dermatologists surveyed were familiar with and follow the SLNB recommendations, some disagreement with and distrust of the recommendations was evident. Greater acceptance of the SLNB recommendations appeared to be driven by the improved outcomes demonstrated in stage III patients receiving adjuvant systemic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: An opt-out newborn screening (NBS) program for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) was implemented at 2 hospitals in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, between 1987 and 1995.Methods: For patients and their parents in families who received a diagnosis of DMD or BMD, either by NBS or by traditional diagnostics after symptom onset, attitudes toward NBS for DMD and BMD were assessed.Results: All patients and most parents supported NBS for DMD and BMD. In contrast to the NBS parent cohort, the non-NBS cohort felt that diagnosis by NBS would cause anxiety.Conclusions: There was strong support of NBS for DMD and BMD in both patients and their parents in families who received a diagnosis through NBS or through traditional diagnostics. No negative psychosocial impacts of NBS were identified among those families who received a diagnosis through NBS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the roles played by ethnic mentions, or ethnonyms, in the discursive reconstruction of a former neighborhood in Easton, Pennsylvania, 'Syrian Town.' We argue that these labels engage in the production of ethnic difference by depicting a social world composed of discrete types while presupposing a local class divide and a contrasting neighborhood imagined as elite and privileged. In this way, speakers narrating stories of bygone days are taking a particular stance toward the diversity of their former neighborhood and the segregated cityscape of contemporary times, thereby challenging a once-dominant chain of indexicality. We conclude by arguing that close attention to vernacular usage allows us to advance our understanding of the relative importance of racial, ethnic, and class-based distinctions in specific locales, and challenges hegemonic constructions of the evolution of a Black- White binary in twentieth-century American cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In what ways does America's settler colonial heritage shape how its citizens imagine the national past? I address this question through a study of county historical museums in rural Arizona, with a particular focus on the Navajo County Museum. This analysis suggests that we consider the 'natural history' or 'evolutionary' style of organizing collections as integrally tied to a foundational settler colonial logic. Conclusions are drawn about the ubiquity of this orientation to the national past and the difficulties curators may face in effectively challenging it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of two seasonally distinct breeding populations of Oceanodroma storm-petrels in the Azores islands was first documented in 1996. The discovery of morphological differences between the populations led to the suggestion that they may represent cryptic sibling species. Recent mtDNA and microsatellite analysis from storm-petrel populations has considerably advanced our understanding of their taxonomic relationships. Here we present new information on the timing of breeding and moult of the two Azores populations, the extent of exchange of individuals between seasons, and diet from feather isotopes. We conclude that the hot-season Azores population should be considered a new species for which we propose the name Oceanodroma monteiroi, Monteiro's Storm-petrel. The species is both genetically distinct and genetically isolated from the sympatric cool-season population of Madeiran Storm-petrel Oceanodroma castro, and from all other populations of Oceanodroma castro in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans examined to date. Differences in the vocalizations permit species recognition, and the extent of primary feather wear and stage of moult aids separation of the two species in the Azores, which is especially valuable during August when both attend the breeding colonies in large numbers. Feather carbon and nitrogen isotopes reveal that the diet of Monteiro's Storm-petrel differs from that of the sympatric Madeiran Storm-petrel during both breeding and non-breeding seasons, and unlike the Madeiran Storm-petrel, Monteiro's Storm-petrel appears to maintain the same foraging environment during the summer and winter months, though it shows a dietary shift to higher trophic levels during the non-breeding season. Monteiro's Storm-petrel is thought to be confined to the Azores archipelago, where it is currently known to nest on just two small neighbouring islets. The total population size was estimated at 250–300 pairs in 1999. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the anthropological models of social memory for former settlers in Algeria. Details on the nature of popular historical memory; Exploration of the composite character of memory; Description of colonial assimilation.

Employment of foreign labor in Germany is generally perceived as a recent phenomenon; Germany's pre-war experiences with foreign labor do not figure prominently in public discussion. This article analyzes the active omission of this aspect of the past as an important feature of German social memory. Drawing largely on Ulrich Herbert's research, the 'forgotten' history of pre- and post-war experiences with foreign labor is summarized. This provides a perspective on the significant parallels between conflicts today and those of prior periods and exposes a fundamental conflict within the state regarding the use of foreign labor. Anti-foreigner violence is reinterpreted as representing a failure of the state to maintain ideological unity without periodically responding to powerful and enduring anti-foreigner pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cutaneous VCL::ALK fusion spindle (ovoid) cell tumor is unique. Recently emerged RAS::MAP tyrosine kinase fusion sarcomas more commonly involve subcutis, skeletal muscle and even bone. We share our experience with a novel cutaneous VCL::ALK spindle cell tumor. An 11‐year‐old male presented with a back pedunculated pink–red papule thought to be a pyogenic granuloma. Biopsy histopathology revealed an epithelial collarette with pedunculated tumor extending to deep dermis/subcutis interface. The combination of spindled and epithelioid cells, an ovoid myopericytoid appearance within myxoid to collagenous stroma, low to moderate MIB1 and focal S100 protein without SOX10 immunostaining, were suggestive of a novel RAS::MAPK tyrosine kinase fusion sarcoma that is well described. ALK immunostain being positive, a next‐generation sequencing comprehensive fusion panel was performed to reveal a VCL::ALK fusion. While epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma shares this fusion and similar dermal location and collarette pedunculation, this and other entities were excluded by older patient age, deeper dermal involvement, ovoid‐to‐spindled morphology, central pericytoid vasculature, myxoid stroma, moderate cellularity with low to moderate MIB1 expression, superficial ulceration, and focal S100 protein expression. Complete excision was performed with favorable follow‐up to date. This novel VCL::ALK fusion spindle (ovoid) cell tumor of the dermis is best considered as part of the recently emerged RAS::MAP tyrosine kinase fusion sarcomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Guyanese Amazon, Waiwai memory is made through the substances and associated sentiments that accrue in the body. Remembering and forgetting are morally weighted actions that transform the dispositions of others, enabling desired feelings of contentment or anger and ill will. Waiwai perspectives on the stakes of being or not being in the thoughts of others matter for their relations with the state: Waiwai people say that, in the past, their households were split between Guyana and Brazil because the Guyanese government forgot about them, while in the present, Waiwai people work to make Guyanese officials remember them, and this constitutes a form of political practice. Whereas anthropological accounts of the politics of memory emphasize how the past is operationalized in the present, Waiwai discussions of being forgotten and being remembered demonstrate the significance of affective, rather than representational, forms of memory for the political practices of indigenous‐state relations. [memory, morality, politics, affect, Waiwai, Guyana, Amazonia] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shotgun sequencing of the faecal microbiome to predict response to steroids in patients with lower gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease: An exploratory analysis Keywords: GVHD; microbiome; transplantation EN GVHD microbiome transplantation e69 e73 5 02/02/21 20210201 NES 210201 Acute graft- I versus i -host disease (aGVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients.1 High-dose steroids are the conventional front-line treatment for aGVHD.2 Because steroid-refractory aGVHD, esp. lower gastrointestinal (LGI) aGVHD, has a dismal prognosis,3 early identification of patients unlikely to respond to front-line treatment is of critical importance and highlights a target population for novel therapeutics. The patient shown at the top had steroid-responsive lower gastrointestinal (LGI) acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), whereas the patient at the bottom had steroid-refractory disease. Patient numbers are shown. gl This is the first exploratory analysis of gut microbiome predictors of LGI aGVHD steroid response using shotgun sequencing. [Extracted from the article]

Recent scholarship indicates that populist rhetoric can profoundly shape commonsense understandings of global energy crises. While scholars often depict rural, working‐class communities as objects of right‐wing disinformation, posttruths, and alternative facts, how rural communities interpret or experience populist narratives is far from adequately understood. This research examines the recent coal industry recession in coal‐producing areas of Appalachian Kentucky, which contributed to ten thousand job losses since 2010. Amid the downturn, politicians and pro‐coal lobby groups riled the public by blaming the recession on an alleged "war on coal." This article illustrates how neoliberal disinformation underpins war‐on‐coal narratives claiming that deregulating industry is the only way communities can save the industry and access economic well‐being. Drawing from qualitative interviews, participant observation, and discourse analysis, I explore how war‐on‐coal disinformation becomes a commonsense explanation for many dealing with coal industry recession. While findings suggest that the war on coal "makes sense" for many living in coal‐mining communities, this does not indicate an indeterminate embrace of the industry or pro‐coal rhetoric. Communities negotiate commonsense narratives against complicated relationships with the industry, the many dangers of mining, and the challenges coal poses for alternative economic futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cape fox (A. Smith 1933), with a body mass between 2 and 3 kg, is the smallest canid and the only vulpine canid occurring in Southern Africa. A previous survey in the same area in October 2014, using the same survey design and camera trap station locations did not detect the species. Our overall camera trapping records suggest that Cape foxes are extremely rare in western Zimbabwe having been recorded at only one of 536 camera trap sites deployed between 2013 and 2018 and detected on only five of a total of 24,175, 24-hr trapping days. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Journal of Sociolinguistics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of American Anthropologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Upon decolonisation, nationalist leaders in two North African countries, Algeria and Sudan, promoted a policy called Arabisation ( ta'rib), which sought to impose standard literary Arabic at the expense of English (in Sudan), French (in Algeria), and other local languages (in both places). This language policy reflected the worldview of Muslim leaders, who hoped to break from the colonial past and start afresh while forging alliances with Arab Islamic states. Arabisation succeeded in expanding the use of literary Arabic in Sudanese and Algerian government bureaus as well as in schools and universities. However, in some circles it helped to stimulate oppositional identities that rejected pan- Arabism as a focal point for national pride and that challenged the cultural foundations of national cohesion. Taking a comparative approach, this study argues that Arabic language policy in Algeria and Sudan featured strongly in postcolonial nationalism and civil conflict. It concludes by considering the status of language cultures and policies today in Algeria, the Republic of the Sudan, and the newly independent Republic of South Sudan, and contends that state-led efforts at 'language rationalisation' have not eliminated multilingualism in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers an overview of studies concerning mythico-history and social memory which explain the interface and tensions between myth, history and memory in relation to ideology and praxis of cultural identity. The author emphasizes the uses of oral narratives in historiography and social context in the development of personal and collective identities of difference. She cites that scholars need to critique and transcend genre categories and assumptions from the West such as Euroamerican philosophy in order to understand local and historical consciousness.

A list of books received is presented. They include "Art as Politics: Re-Crafting Identities, Tourism and Power in Tana Toraja, Indonesia," by Kathleen M. Adams, "Sorrow and Joy Among Muslim Women: The Pukhtuns of Northern Pakistan," by Amineh Ahmed and "Powers of Blessing From the Wilderness and From Heaven: Structure and Transformation in the Religion of Toraja in the Mamasa Area of South Sulawesi," by Kees Bujis.

The article discusses on the restructuring of social categories of the Konso community in Ethiopia following the fall of the socialist government. For generations, the Konso community is segregated into two social classes, the Xauta, the workers, and the Etenta, the elders. After the fall of socialism a reconfiguration of hereditary status groups took place through interaction with new information and the changes in political and economic situations.

Background: Active for Life After Cancer is a randomized trial evaluating the efficacy of a 6-month group-based lifestyle physical activity program (Lifestyle) for prostate cancer patients to improve quality of life (QOL) including physical and emotional functioning compared to a group-based Educational Support Program and a Standard Care Program (no group). Method: A total of 134 prostate cancer patients receiving continuous androgen-ablation were randomly assigned to one of the three study conditions. Results: Results indicated no significant improvements in QOL at 6 or 12 months. Both group-based programs were positively received and yielded good attendance and retention. Lifestyle participants demonstrated significant improvements in most theoretical mediators proposed by the Transtheoretical Model and Social Cognitive Theory to affect physical activity. Despite these improvements, no significant changes were found for most physical activity measures. Conclusions: Results suggest a lifestyle program focusing on cognitive-behavioral skills training alone is insufficient for promoting routine physical activity in these patients. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is apparent that the past has a robust future. With the intensification of globalization comes an increase in discourses of the past, accompanied by an expansion of memory studies in the academy. This "memory moment" is generating research on topics that are at once intensely personal and political. Anthropological approaches capable of linking the affective textures of personal experience with the broad sweep of collective histories are well suited to research in this area. Taken together, the articles assembled here suggest the emergence of new paradigms for understanding the cultural and emotional politics of social memory making. [memory, history, identity, cultural politics, cultural psychology] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]