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Abstract Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, has a poor prognosis and lacks effective treatment strategies. Here, the study discovered that TNBC shows a decreased expression of epithelial transcription factor ovo‐like 2 (OVOL2). The loss of OVOL2 promotes fatty acid oxidation (FAO), providing additional energy and NADPH to sustain stemness characteristics, including sphere‐forming capacity and tumor initiation. Mechanistically, OVOL2 not only suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation by directly inhibiting JAK transcription but also recruited histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) to STAT3, thereby reducing the transcriptional activation of downstream genes carnitine palmitoyltransferase1 (CPT1A and CPT1B). PyVT‐Ovol2 knockout mice develop a higher number of primary breast tumors with accelerated growth and increased lung‐metastases. Furthermore, treatment with FAO inhibitors effectively reduces stemness characteristics of tumor cells, breast tumor initiation, and metastasis, especially in OVOL2‐deficient breast tumors. The findings suggest that targeting JAK/STAT3 pathway and FAO is a promising therapeutic strategy for OVOL2‐deficient TNBC.

Abstract The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2D/3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still significantly low compared with 3D PSCs due to the poor charge transport ability of 2D perovskite thin films and a large number of defects in 3D thin films. Herein, to address these two issues, multifunctional TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)‐modified carbon nanotubes (CNT:TiO2) additives are incorporated into 3D perovskite layer for the first time, and demonstrate three positive effects for CNT:TiO2 material application: firstly, it passivates the defect state of the 3D perovskite layer and enhances the charge mobility of the 3D layer; secondly, its interaction with the 2D film increases the conductivity of the 2D layer and produces the interface polarization electric field to promote the hole extraction. As a consequence, not only the PCE of the optimized 2D/3D PSCs with the CNT:TiO2 is greatly improved to 22.7% from 19.8% of the control PSCs, but also the stability is significantly improved.

Abstract Hole transport layer (HTL) is very important for the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). As current state‐of‐the‐art HTL, Li‐TFSI doped spiro‐OMeTAD often suffers low conductivity and the hydrolysis of the additive Li‐TFSI, which significantly hinders the further improvement of PCE of PSCs. Besides, conventional spiro‐OMeTAD has no functional of directly passivating the perovskite crystal defects. Herein, multifunctional TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)‐modified CNT (CNT:TiO2) doped spiro‐OMeTAD (spiro‐OMeTAD+CNT:TiO2) HTL is reported for the first time. The incorporated CNT:TiO2 not only significantly increases the conductivity of spiro‐OMeTAD+CNT:TiO2, but also effectively passivates the crystal defects of perovskite layer. The optimized PSCs with spiro‐OMeTAD+CNT:TiO2 HTL achieved a peak PCE of 21.53%, much higher than that (17.90%) of the conventional spiro‐OMeTAD based PSCs and also show significantly improved stability.

We report industrial fabrication of different kinds of nanostructured multicrystalline silicon solar cells via normal acid texturing, reactive ion etching (RIE), and metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) processes on diamond wire sawing wafer. The effect of different surface structure on reflectivity, lifetime, and electrical performance was systematically studied in this paper. The difference between industrial acid, RIE, and MACE textured multicrystalline silicon solar cells to our knowledge has not been investigated previously. The resulting efficiency indicates that low reflectivity surface structure with the size of 0.2–0.8 μm via RIE and MACE process do not always lead to low lifetime compared with acid texturing process. Both RIE and MACE process is promising candidate for high efficiency processes for future industrial diamond wire sawing multicrystalline silicon solar cells.

Voltage bias of several hundred volts which are applied between solar cells and module frames may lead to significant power losses, so-called potential-induced degradation (PID), in normal photovoltaic (PV) installations system. Modules and minimodules are used to conduct PID test of solar cells. The test procedure is time consuming and of high cost, which cannot be used as process monitoring method during solar cells fabrication. In this paper, three kinds of test including minimodule, Rsh, and V-Q test are conducted on solar cells or wafers with SiNx of different refractive index. All comparisons between test results of Rsh, V-Q, and minimodule tests have shown equal results. It is shown that Rsh test can be used as quality inspection of solar cells and V-Q test of coated wafer can be used as process control of solar cells.