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Following efforts to diversify and decolonize University curricula, Oxford Brookes University student union reported that Black and BIPOC students wanted more diverse content. In response, the Library set up a group to embed Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion practices into collection development, teaching, and administrative and research support practices. Initiatives entailed book purchases of authors from historically marginalized backgrounds, curation of diversity reading lists, updating subject headings to reflect modern terminology, and promotion of Read & Publish agreements. Currently, we have been unsuccessful in determining if the requests of students for diverse content have been met. Further research would seek to explore this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the implementation of a self-management program, My Therapy, designed to increase inpatient rehabilitation therapy dosage via independent practice. Materials and methods: A process evaluation of My Therapy for adult patients admitted for rehabilitation for any condition supervised by physiotherapists and occupational therapists across eight rehabilitation wards compared usual care. Outcomes included reach, dosage, fidelity and adaptation. Results: The mean (SD) age of the process evaluation sample (n = 123) was 73 (11) years with a mean (SD) length of stay of 14.0 (6.6) days. The My Therapy program reached 68% of participants (n = 632/928), and resulted in an average increase in therapy dosage of 26 (95% CI 12 to 40) minutes/day of independent practice. All My Therapy audited programs (n = 28) included body function/structure impairment-based exercises, and half (n = 13/28) included activity/participation-based exercises. On average, participants completed programs 1.8 (SD 1.2) times/day, which were prescribed in accordance with the My Therapy criteria, demonstrating fidelity. There were no between-group differences in daily steps or standing time, however, My Therapy participants spent more time sitting (p ≤ 0.05). Implementation adaptations were minimal. Conclusion: A self-management rehabilitation program was implemented with fidelity for two in three rehabilitation patients, resulting in increased therapy dosage with minimal adaptations. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: The My Therapy self-management program was implemented with good reach (68% of participants received My Therapy) across four public and private inpatient rehabilitation services. Under My Therapy conditions, the dosage of inpatient rehabilitation therapy participation increased by an average of 26 minutes per day, which will help close the evidence-practice gap between the current rehabilitation dosage of about 1-hour per day, and the recommended rehabilitation dosage of 3-hours per day. My Therapy programs most frequently included impairment-based exercises that were completed in sitting, and did not increase time spent standing and walking. Consideration should be given to prescribing My Therapy (content and dosage) at an optimal level to promote patient functional independence, while maintaining safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Explore how social support influences exercise therapy participation and adherence before and after enrolling in an education and exercise therapy intervention (Stop OsteoARthritis, SOAR). Methods: Study design: Interpretative description. We sampled participants with sport-related knee injuries from the SOAR randomized controlled trial. SOAR is a virtual, physiotherapist-guided, education and exercise therapy-based knee health program that targets individuals at risk of early osteoarthritis. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were completed, and an inductive approach was guided by Braun & Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Fifteen participants (67% female, median age 26 [19–35] years) were interviewed. Three themes were generated that encapsulated participants' social support experiences that fostered exercise participation: 1) Treat me as a whole person represented the value of social support that went beyond participants' physical needs, 2) Work with me highlighted the working partnership between the clinician and the participant, and 3) Journey with me indicated a need for on-going support is necessary for the long-term management of participants' knee health. A theme of the therapeutic relationship was evident across the findings. Conclusions: Insight was gained into how and why perceived support may be linked to exercise behavior, with the therapeutic relationship being potentially linked to perceived support. Social support strategies embedded within an education and exercise therapy program may boost exercise adherence after sport-related knee injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the case of DT, a man in his fifties who suffered a large right fronto-parietal hemorrhage, resulting in a dense left weakness and a persistent anosognosia for the resultant hemiplegia. DT engaged in several video-feedback sessions. Video feedback therapy has been successful in previously reported cases of anosognosia, resulting in immediate and lasting resolution. In the current case, similarly dramatic effects were observed, but with a subsequent recurrence of the anosognosic ideation. The present case sheds light on the interplay of neurologic and psychological mechanisms involved in anosognosia and on some of the pragmatic emotional considerations of engaging in this form of rehabilitative therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reproductive travel for gamete donation is becoming increasingly common. South Africa is renowned for its availability and relative affordability of high-quality assisted reproductive technology (ART) services. In South Africa (SA) gamete donation is anonymous by law and donors are compensated. Due to its significant availability of donors, SA is a popular destination for people who need donor gametes. The aim of this study was to assess the quality and comprehensiveness of information for oocyte donors available on donor agency websites in SA. A Google search was performed to compile a list of oocyte donor agency websites and content analysis was used to assess the comprehensiveness of the information for donors. Information on 12 websites was analysed. Overall, wording suggested that oocyte donation is a safe and easy procedure which is a process worth experiencing. Possible physical risks and psychological implications of donating oocytes were either not mentioned or downplayed. No website mentioned if or how donors would be followed up after oocyte retrieval or how they would be cared for in case of complications. No website informed donors about the possibility of genetic testing revealing their identity to a child born from their donation. The lack of transparency about the psychological implications and potential risks of donating oocytes suggests that women who contemplate donating oocytes in SA may not have the information they need to make informed decisions about whether to proceed. Since donor agency websites are potential donors' primary source of information, they should provide comprehensive information about all aspects of oocyte donation. This should include transparent and comprehensive information about the known physical and psychological risks. Donors also need to know that oocyte donation may have unknown long-term health risks and that direct-to-consumer genetic testing may reveal their identity to children conceived through their donation in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This paper presents the findings from an exploratory study on alcohol and other drugs (AOD) nurses' views on current career opportunities and challenges and on how their role has been affected by clinical and structural changes in service delivery. Methods: The paper is based on qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of twelve AOD nurses in the UK. A narrative approach to interviewing aimed to encourage emergence of new insights and suggest theories for future examination. Interview domains were informed by the research team's knowledge of AOD nursing and by themes from published literature. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded and a reflexive thematic analysis was conducted. Results: Key themes emerging focused on the growth, advantages, and challenges of non-medical prescribing (NMP), and the impact on AOD nursing of changes in workforce structures and environments. The findings indicate considerable doubts about career opportunities for nurses in AOD services although NMP may offer some limited routes to career advancement. Conclusions: Some long-standing issues around the identity and professional status of AOD nurses persist and current clinical and structural changes have created a "liminal space" within which the nursing role and AOD nurse identityare disrupted and in transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractReproductive couriers are critical actors within ‘vital mobility infrastructures’ essential to the movement of ‘precious’ gametes that makes assisted reproduction across different places and times possible. Reasons for transporting gametes are varied and range from movements between clinics when patients change clinics through to complex choreographies internationally to bring sperm, oocytes or embryos together for third party assisted reproduction such as in surrogacy. We draw upon interviews with 15 hyper-mobile couriers and courier company managers as well as gamete donor coordinators. Our aim in this paper is to examine the largely invisible ‘mobile work’ undertaken by couriers in shipping gametes and embryos across the world. We examine the dimensions of these vital mobility infrastructures—technologies; companies; regulations; and social dispositions of courier work as part of the complex supply chains of assisted reproductive cycles. External factors and circumstances such as the war in Ukraine or the COVID pandemic may cause disruptions in supply chains which prevent the movement and transfer of the biomaterials. We extend the concept of vital mobilities by drawing attention to the critical infrastructures they depend upon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The internet has revolutionised retail sales, with online shopping a common practice globally. While convenient, offenders have also embraced the opportunity to target potential victims and their shopping carts. Online shopping fraud occurs when offenders represent themselves as legitimate online sellers to gain sales from unsuspecting victims, both by impersonating genuine retailers and creating fictional retailers with non-existent products. The current article explores the victimisation and near misses of consumers to online shopping fraud. Based on survey responses of 1011 Australians, the article examines the online shopping activities of individuals as well as any victimisation or near miss experiences. The results indicate a high level of victimisation and near misses across this sample. It further examines a range of impacts experienced by these consumers and considers the implications of these results for the retail sector and prevention practices into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Research Findings: Students perceived as struggling to regulate their emotions and behavior are at risk for experiencing classroom and school exclusion beginning in preschool. In this preliminary and exploratory secondary data analysis study, we examined teachers' self-reported use of classroom-based soft exclusionary discipline practices with kindergarten students whom they perceived as displaying the lowest self-regulation and social skills. In a sample of 2,053 teachers and 40,771 kindergarten students, teachers reported on their use of five soft exclusionary discipline practices and rated students' self-regulation and social skills in the fall of the kindergarten year. Teachers reported variability in their use of soft exclusionary discipline practices with some practices being used multiple times per day by some teachers. Most variability in the use of these practices was at the teacher (rather than the school or district) level. Teachers reported using certain soft exclusionary discipline practices (break outside classroom, losing free time, and limit talking) more frequently when the racial composition of students they rated as having the lowest self-regulation and social skills included more Black students. Practice or Policy: Findings highlight the importance of better understanding the range and types of exclusionary discipline practices used with young students, and which children are most likely to experience them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to address a gap in the social and behavioral sciences literature concerning interaction effects between latent factors in multiple-group analysis. By comparing two approaches for estimating latent interactions within multiple-group analysis frameworks using simulation studies and empirical data, we assess their relative merits. Our simulation study results demonstrated the superiority of the Latent Moderated Structural Equations (LMS) approach over the Unconstrained Product Indicator (UPI) method in power and providing more accurate estimates of differences in latent interactions between groups. Utilizing multiple-group analysis on real-world data, we evaluated its efficacy in identifying latent interaction differences between groups. Empirical data analysis did not reveal discrepancies between LMS and UPI in terms of detecting differences in latent interactions between boys and girls, although they indicated varying sizes of differences in interaction effects. The study concludes with recommendations for examining differences in latent interactions and suggests avenues for future research. Our findings aim to deepen the understanding of intricate relationships among variables, group differences, and the moderating effects of latent variables, ultimately facilitating the development of more accurate theoretical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the success of immunotherapies for melanoma in recent years, there remains a significant proportion of patients who do not yet derive benefit from available treatments. Immunotherapies currently licensed for clinical use target the adaptive immune system, focussing on Tcell interactions and functions. However, the most prevalent immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of melanoma are macrophages, a diverse immune cell subset displaying high plasticity, to which no current therapies are yet directly targeted. Macrophages have been shown not only to activate the adaptive immune response, and enhance cancer cell killing, but, when influenced by factors within the TME of melanoma, these cells also promote melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. We present a review of the most up-to-date literatureavailable on PubMed, focussing on studies from within the last 10 years. We also include data from ongoing and recent clinical trials targeting macrophages in melanoma listed on clinicaltrials.gov. Understanding the multifaceted role of macrophages in melanoma, including their interactions with immune and cancer cells, the influence of current therapies on macrophage phenotype and functions and how macrophages could be targeted with novel treatment approaches, are all critical for improving outcomes for patients with melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Borrowing from computing via media art, we introduce the concept of 'glitch' pedagogy to insert unexpected tension into the marketing curriculum, offering learners a glimpse into the underlying ideological structures of neoliberal higher education and opening up spaces of resistance and affirmation. We draw on neoliberal, marketised educational discourses and the bureaucratic systems they engender to illustrate glitches within the employability agenda, providing students conceptual space to leverage the contradictions and inequalities implicit in this agenda. As a genre of post-critical pedagogy, we argue that glitch pedagogy can move us beyond some of the noted dualisms of critical pedagogy to recognise the complexity of students' emotional investments, in particular socio-cultural and political positions by way of affective relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual Reality has been heralded variously as the next steppingstone in technological innovation, a utopian 'empathy-machine' and a dystopian addictive technology. Using critical discourse analysis, we explore the types of narratives underlying this global attention and the ideological values, beliefs and interests therein. We contribute to the critical marketing literature by demonstrating how an examination of sociotechnical imaginaries reveals the ways in which the market mediates the reception of new technologies and the kinds of worlds these technologies bring about. Through an interactive 'choose your own adventure' narrative, we bring these imaginaries into relief and invite readers to navigate alternative potential futures for VR. The data underpinning the narrative highlight the role of marketers and marketing in shaping our social, political and economic reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large Japanese corporations which have accumulated substantial reserves are now under pressure to spend them, but on what, or on whom? Should they increase their (domestic) capital and R&D expenditure, which languished between 2000 and 2020; or invest more in their employees, whose wages have stagnated; or increase their shareholder returns, which have already surged; or raise executive remuneration closer to overseas counterparts? This article examines tensions in recent developments in Japan's political economy, from Society 5.0 to Kishida's 'new form of capitalism' and Keidanren's 'rebuilding the middle class', from the perspective of these dilemmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Is Japan creating a new economic model through digital and green transformation which will overcome its 'lost decades' lethargy and demographic challenges? Do Society 5.0, DX, GX, 'new/sustainable capitalism', Digital Garden City Nation and other initiatives represent a well-intentioned mish-mash, or something new and potentially coherent which other countries should take notice of? These questions animated a conference held in Oxford in February 2023, and subsequently informed the 11 articles in this special issue by European and Japanese academics and policy makers. The collection identifies tensions and contradictions but also significant changes in in corporate governance, innovation, public policy and human resources, which may point to a new direction for Japanese capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In England, music education policy is deeply rooted in neoliberal ideologies, shaping classroom practice and assessments. This paper presents findings from a four-year funded longitudinal project exploring the impact of musical partnerships on young people at risk of educational exclusion. Through a posthuman lens, the researchers made a methodological shift, acknowledging the agency of non-human elements and physical spaces in musical interactions. Posthumanism offered alternative insights, challenging traditional notions of music education practice and extended human-centric perspectives and school assessment metrics. It expanded our understanding of what it means to be a musician and pedagogue. This paper proposes that posthumanism can challenge existing notions of music education practice while simultaneously moving the discussion of important matters in music education research into new areas of thinking, doing, and being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study was to examine how distinct psychopathic traits, including callous-unemotional (CU) traits, impulsivity and narcissism, as well as family, school and friend social support are longitudinally associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimization. Associations were investigated by employing a four-year longitudinal design in a large sample of Greek-Cypriot adolescents. Findings suggested that cyber-bullying and cyber-victimization decreased from early to middle adolescence. Additionally, the longitudinal model suggested that both CU traits and narcissism, assessed in grade 7, were associated with the onset of cyber-bullying and cyber-victimization in grade 8, but not with change over time. Impulsivity did not predict cyber-bullying or cyber-victimization. Finally, none of the environmental factors were associated with the onset and growth of cyber-bullying, although family support predicted girls' initial levels and change over time in cyber-victimization. Current findings have major theoretical and practical implications for the development of cyber-bullying and victimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores social work practice challenges in diverse contexts, including Finland, New Zealand, Norway, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. Topics discussed include the role of intuition in social work practice, empowerment and human rights as they pertain to disability and homelessness, and the significance of self-care for social workers' well-being and professional satisfaction.

In response to a call for new conceptualizations of the self that avoid mind/body dualisms, recent research has introduced more flexible and fluid theorizations of personhood. This paper takes a phenomenological approach to examine the perceived shifts in body ownership and distribution of agency which underpin such theorizations. We focus on two dissociative experiences, namely, spirit possession and virtual reality, explicating how consumers can experience changes of perspective by disconnecting from the mainstream of their conscious awareness, allowing for a controlled "letting go," resulting in therapeutic gains. We highlight how consumers create a larger assemblage of the self beyond single viewpoints for a new kind of experiencing. We argue that existing work has treated embodiment in a fairly symmetrical manner, insufficiently considering the inherently somatic characteristics of consumer experiences as an articulation of a multiplicity and distribution of embodiment and agentic relations, both human and non-human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractGlobally, the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Ferreri) is the most severe pest of the commercial coffee species arabica coffee (Coffea arabica). Heterogenous landscapes characterize many coffee-growing areas. We studied the phenology of coffee and the abundance, and development of infestation by CBB within the context an altitudinal gradient in the coffee-growing region of Caldas, Colombia. This was between 1200 m and 1800 m (a.s.l.) from September 2019 to July 2020 covering two seasons of coffee flowering. Coffee berry phenology did not differ over the altitudinal gradient studied, but CBB abundance and berry infestation differed in quantity and timings, with lower altitudes having higher abundances and proportions of infestation than higher altitudes. In the context of CBB management, October through to December is vital for coffee farms <1500 m as CBB abundance and infestation both spike, and March to June is key for farms between 1500-1700 m for the same reasons. In conclusion, coffee farmers in highly heterogeneous landscapes will have to adjust their CBB management according to the altitude gradients of their farm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers a pilot research project that examines the successes, failures, and best practice approaches for delivering online performing arts education experiences to young people around Australia. In conversation with 15 teaching artists and 18 youth-based arts organisations nationally, it evaluates the challenges and innovations in live online arts education experienced during the COVID-19 pivot. In doing so it examines pedagogies that foreground embodied and playful collaboration and diversified access for participants. It recognises the role of youth arts in reshaping creativity learning and opens considerations of the role digital educations may play in increased arts accessibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented discussing a tribute to Nigel Elliott, a valued member of the journal board, followed by a discussion of various articles addressing topics such as mental health assessments, social work practices, emotional aspects of professional roles, innovative interventions, and organizational factors affecting workforce stability in social work, highlighting the complexity and challenges encountered across diverse contexts in social work practice.

The NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards is a trusted resource that displays key information for a collection of chemicals commonly encountered in the workplace. Entries contain chemical structures—occupational exposure limit information ranging from limits based on full-shift time-weighted averages to acute limits such as short-term exposure limits and immediately dangerous to life or health values, as well as a variety of other data such as chemical-physical properties and symptoms of exposure. The NIOSH Pocket Guide (NPG) is available as a printed, hardcopy book, a PDF version, an electronic database, and a downloadable application for mobile phones. All formats of the NIOSH Pocket Guide allow users to access the data for each chemical separately, however, the guide does not support data analytics or visualization across chemicals. This project reformatted existing data in the NPG to make it searchable and compatible with exploration and analysis using a web application. The resulting application allows users to investigate the relationships between occupational exposure limits, the range and distribution of occupational exposure limits, and the specialized sorting of chemicals by health endpoint or to summarize information of particular interest. These tasks would have previously required manual extraction of the data and analysis. The usability of this application was evaluated among industrial hygienists and researchers and while the existing application seems most relevant to researchers, the open-source code and data are amenable to modification by users to increase customization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methods Western SMEs can use to activate assets of foreignness in compressed developing markets are not well understood. To fill this gap, this study identifies three main mechanisms for such activation: conforming to home-country institutions, creating distancing narratives and accentuating foreignness. It contributes knowledge about SME internationalization into compressed developing markets through two findings. First, SMEs can benefit from contrasting country practices and norms between home and host countries. Second, SMEs can activate institutional resources of their home country, which requires between-market learning because the value of these resources arises from their use in a different context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current research suggests that gentrification is an important determinant of health. Furthermore, this research concludes that the health impacts of gentrification are heterogeneous and may have adverse impacts on Black Americans. However, existing gentrification and health research has not fully engaged with the racialized processes that produce these uneven impacts. To address this gap, we develop a conceptual framework to describe how gentrification may create unique experiences and differentiated health impacts for Black Americans. Applying a lens of racial capitalism, we examine how an ongoing legacy of structurally racist urban and housing policy in the United States has disinvested from and devalued Black communities; thereby rendering them vulnerable to subsequent reinvestment through gentrification. Next, we consider how this history creates unique health vulnerabilities to gentrification for Black residents. Finally, we describe pathways of displacement—physical and symbolic—through which these unique health vulnerabilities are shaped to produce differences in health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of near-peer teaching in medical schools is increasing internationally. Peer observation of teaching (POT) is a useful and effective method for enhancing teaching experiences and quality, but its use among student peer teachers is not well documented. The aim of the study was to explore medical student perceptions on the value and limitations of POT. Ten medical students were trained as observers. Using a previously developed model, they observed 27 teaching sessions led by other students (observees), with a pre- and post-observation meeting. Observers and observees completed a survey and group interview to explore their experiences. Descriptive analysis of survey data and thematic analysis of qualitative data were conducted. Observees found feedback valuable in learning about, reflecting on, and increasing confidence in teaching practice. They felt comfortable receiving feedback and reported positively about the observers in terms of: expertise, relatability, non-intimidating presence, and awareness of the target audience. Observers reported learning more about good teaching practice. While most observers found it enjoyable, several found some aspects of giving feedback uncomfortable. Most found it difficult to establish a satisfactory dynamic, citing lack of credibility and difficulty in eliminating hierarchies. Pre-existing friendships were reported by observers as both helping and hindering the dynamic. Both observers and observees gained from the experience of POT. However, observers lacked confidence in their credibility. Further work should address how best to implement POT into the curriculum to improve teaching practice in medical students. Further training or coaching could be considered to overcome observers' concerns. Practice points Consider coaching observers to address concerns of credibility. Consider collaborating with experienced staff to ensure evaluation is robust. To support sustainability, consider facilitation of experienced observers training those more junior in POT. Following initial training, observers could be given the chance to shadow an observer, do an observation and debrief with a trainer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are new technologies driving us towards dystopia or utopia – or something in between? Marketers not only have a stake in finding out the answer to this question but also a direct (and indirect) influence on determining the answer. This commentary discusses recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, and how these are influencing marketers, consumers and society by either leading to a dystopian (black magic), utopian (white magic) or 'dualopian' future (grey magic). We argue that the net effect is squarely in the grey and that marketers have a unique power to leverage AI and robotics developments for good. The commentary concludes with 24 research questions forming an agenda for future research under three streams: marketing power, understanding the bias and ethics revisited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background: Resilience resources are predispositions that promote individuals’ abilities to cope with stress. Objective: The current cross-sectional study used path analysis with parallel multiple mediators to test whether coping behaviors mediated associations between resilience resources and somatic, depression, and anxiety symptoms during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Undergraduates at a small Northeastern college (n = 193) completed online surveys assessing resilience resources, coping, and symptoms. Results: Results support significant indirect effects from resilience resources to somatic symptoms through positive reinterpretation and growth, mental disengagement, and substance use. Total indirect effects for depressive symptoms were driven by mental disengagement and substance use, with a direct effect of resilience resources. The effect of resilience resources on anxiety symptoms was mediated by mental disengagement, and there was a direct effect of resilience resources. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that some coping strategies link resilience resources to better outcomes, potentially informing interventions for adaptive coping during public health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online shopping has now become very common, with consumers increasingly opting to purchase products on the World Wide Web instead of visiting traditional "bricks and mortar" stores, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has, however, also provided significant opportunities for offenders to abuse the inherent trust-based nature of online shopping, whereby consumers typically do not see the products physically prior to purchasing them. As such, this article sets out to examine the actions and behaviors that individuals take to prevent online shopping fraud and what, if any, discrepancy exists between prevention messaging and consumer behavior. To accomplish this, the study utilizes secondary survey data (n = 3478 respondents) obtained from a private-sector initiative called ScamAdviser. The results find that many respondents do not use appropriate behaviors to reduce their risk when shopping online and that furthermore there is reason to believe that consumers are not served well by the online safety advice that they are given. The paper argues that there is scope to increase guardianship through better prevention advice being communicated to online shoppers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article demonstrates an associative latent transition-based model for analyzing the association between two discrete-time survival analysis (DTSA) models. DTSA allows social and behavioral researchers to investigate the qualitative change in event occurrence. Typically, DTSA is applied to a single survival process, where the hazard of an event occurrence is estimated across time. However, when researchers have hypotheses concerning the relationship between two survival processes, DTSA needs to be extended to associative DTSA. The study describes the latent transition based DTSA and its extension to explore the association between two event occurrences. M + software is used to illustrate the model parameterizations that are applicable to social and behavioral research topics. The illustrations use data related to juvenile delinquent and criminal behaviors. We close with a discussion of the capabilities of latent transition based DTSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animal welfare legislation in Australia is influenced by "community expectations." Given a major source of publicly available information on animal welfare law is that from media articles, it is likely the information discussed online could be influencing public opinion and consequently shaping animal welfare legislation reform efforts. This study examined the social media discourse in response to news articles on animal welfare law in Australia. A content analysis was applied to Facebook comments from posts originating from a formal news agency discussing animal cruelty and penalties over a 6-month period between 1 June 2019 to 1 December 2019. All posts were screened against eligibility criteria and imported into NVivo for inductive coding. A total of 24 Facebook posts with an accumulative 1,723 comments were coded and thematically analyzed. Six primary themes were generated from the analysis: (1) failure of the court system; (2) failure of the legislation; (3) failure of the government; (4) emotive reactions; (5) risk of violence; and (6) mistrust in the media. The social media discourse was scathing of the legal system, with a particular focus on failings of the animal welfare law justice system. It is likely that this type of discourse surrounding animal law enforcement could be playing an influential role over the "expectations" influencing animal welfare legislation reform in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online radicalisation to terrorism has become a pervasive policy concern over the last decade. However, as a concept it lacks clarity and empirical support. In this article, we add an empirical and theoretical lens to this problem by analysing the trajectories of 231 Islamic State terrorists. We use cluster analyses to create typologies of individuals' different online and offline antecedent behaviours, including the ways in which they engaged in networks with co-ideologues and how they prepared for their events. The findings suggest four types of pathway within our dataset: (1) The "Integrated" pathway which has high network engagement both online and offline, mostly made up of individuals that plotted as part of a group; (2) The "Encouraged" pathway contains individuals that acted more in the online domain at the expense of offline; (3) Terrorists in the "Isolated" pathway are defined by a lack of interaction across either domain; (4) The "Enclosed" pathway encompassed actors that displayed greater offline network activity, but still utilised the Internet for planning their activity. These typologies help to move beyond the dichotomy of online or offline radicalisation; there remain few individuals that either exclusively use the Internet or do not use it at all. Rather, we can conceptualise Internet usage on a spectrum in which these four types all sit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rock weirs are low-head river restoration structures. The present study comprised two sets of flume tests (i.e. fixed bed and moveable sand bed tests) to investigate the rock dislodgement process, which is a primary cause of the failure of rock weirs. The impacts of approach flow intensity, submergence, void ratio and scour of bed sediment on rock weir dislodgement, and the responses of sediment bed scour at rock weirs to the rock weir dislodgement, are analysed and discussed. Three limits are defined to classify the amount of the rock weir dislodgement: (1) limit I indicates the incipient dislodgement of rock from downstream weir toe; (2) limit II indicates that a few rocks are dislodged from downstream weir face and weir crest; (3) limit III indicates that large numbers of rocks are dislodged from downstream weir face and weir crest, which leads to weir failure. A predictor of each limit is proposed for rock weir design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aims to investigate mediation in regression mixture models. There has been little research that has examined the combination of mediation and regression mixture models to determine if there are latent subgroups that vary in their levels of mediation. This investigation aims to address this gap by simulating varying conditions of sample size, number of latent classes, mixing proportions, class intercept separation, direct effects, and class separation on mediating effects. Information criteria (i.e., AIC, BIC, aBIC) and likelihood ratio tests (i.e., LMR, VLMR, and BLRT) were evaluated for model selection. The results suggest that the BIC and BLRT perform best at identifying the correct number of latent classes. The class enumeration indices improved in accuracy as sample size, class intercept separation, and separation on the mediating effect increased. The current investigation identifies conditions where class enumeration is most accurate with mediation in regression mixture models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report summarizes the discovery of ca. 200 linear mounds along 40 km of the Des Moines River in central Iowa. Many of these mounds were mapped and recorded piecemeal over a century, but their full extents were not known until recent high-resolution lidar mapping. General insights about the age and significance of the mounds can be inferred from nearby archaeological sites and surface finds, as well as comparisons with regional mounds. Limited archaeological evidence suggests the linear mound concentration may be associated with a long stable Woodland occupation of the region, culminating in the Late Woodland Great Oasis manifestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-proxy investigations at 2 Pier Road, North Woolwich, London, UK, have revealed deposits spanning the Middle-Late Holocene from the late Mesolithic (c. 4360 cal BC) onwards. Pollen data show an Elm Decline at c. 4210–3950 cal BC followed by landnám clearances at c. 4210–3910 cal BC and c. 3710–3030 cal BC and the first appearance of cereal at c. 3540–3030 cal BC. These events are potentially contemporary with the construction of nearby Neolithic trackways, providing indirect evidence for agriculture and settlement. REVEALS modelling shows the first significant reduction in woodland cover is coincident with the Neolithic Elm decline, but the main step-change to open conditions occurred in the Early Bronze Age, following a decline in lime at c. 2110–1630 cal BC. Palaeo-topographic modelling of the region shows that although the trend towards increasing openness coincides with gradual wetland expansion, the shift to open vegetation cover cannot be explained by this and is probably the result of human activity. This study highlights the value of combining deposit and vegetation cover modelling to contextualise wetland archaeology and shows that together these provide useful proxies for landscape-scale human activity that can identify ephemeral signals of prehistoric activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented on general issue presents articles focused on social work with children and young people in Belgium, Estonia, Ireland, Norway and the UK. Topics include social workers promote the wellbeing of children and young people and work with other professionals in challenging practice situations; and place in the organisation and navigate through vulnerability and the fear of being exposed and judged.

In the context of breast cancer, women who refuse reconstruction are often portrayed as having limited agency or control over their bodies and treatment. Here we assess these assumptions by paying attention to how the local contexts and inter-relational dynamics influence women's decision-making about their mastectomized body in Central Vietnam. We situate the reconstructive decision within an under-funded public health system, but also show how the widespread perception of the surgery as merely an aesthetic practice dissuades women from seeking reconstruction. Women are shown both conform to existing gendered norms while simultaneously challenging and defying them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Findings: The present study examines the unique and joint effects of individual teacher-child relationships and overall quality of teacher-child interactions on the motivation of 2,745 kindergarten children (51% girls; ages 5–6) from an ethnically and linguistically diverse county. Teachers reported the closeness and conflict in their individual relationships with each child. The quality of teacher-child interactions was measured via classroom observations using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS). Motivation was measured using children's self-reports of their school enjoyment, feelings toward the teacher, self-concept, and growth mindset. Multilevel models showed that teacher-child relationships characterized by high closeness were positively associated with children's motivation, whereas highly conflictual teacher-child relationships were associated with negative motivation outcomes, especially for boys. No significant associations were found between teacher-child interactions and children's motivation. Practice or Policy: The findings highlight the role of supportive relationships between teachers and children in the early development of motivation, and potential gender differences that may emerge. Professional development and training that help teachers form positive relationships with different children from diverse backgrounds may support teachers in fostering young children's motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construct of cognitive discourse functions (CDFs) has been proposed as a bridge between linguists and educationalists, linking 'subject specific cognitive learning goals with the linguistic representations they receive in classroom interaction' (Dalton-Puffer 2013. "A Construct of Cognitive Discourse Functions for Conceptualising Content-Language Integration in Q4 CLIL Multilingual Education." EuJAL 1 (2): 216–253, 220). We focus on the CDF evaluate, using the Appraisal model to analyze evaluative language in a longitudinal corpus of student texts written in L2 English across disciplines (natural science, history, art), collected from the same students at the end of primary school (aged 11+) and at the beginning and end of secondary year 2 (aged 13–14). We trace students' control of meaning-making resources for the CDF evaluate across disciplines and over time through their ability to 'couple' interpersonal, or evaluative, meanings with their ideational, or field-specific knowledge. The findings show some development towards appropriate field + evaluation couplings, and suggest ways teachers can focus students' attention on the language of evaluation across disciplines, aiding development of cognitive discourse competence. Our study further supports the contributions of Systemic Functional Linguistics to educational contexts, as the Appraisal framework discriminates types of evaluation for creating disciplinary knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A parallel process growth model is often limited to the developments of two main trends due to model complexity. Two major parallel processes are only modeled to examine how the changes in two longitudinal processes might be related without considering other growth models possibly related to the two main processes. However, the exclusion of a third LGM risks introducing bias into key associations while capturing the relations between only two growth processes, since they are not controlled. This study presents a method to address the effect of spurious relationship while minimizing convergence issues when other processes are not considered. The suggested method utilizes the factor score estimates for other relevant growth models to control the spurious effect. Results revealed the superiority of the parallel process model using the factor scores over the typical parallel process model and illustrated the importance of considering growth models relevant to the parallel process model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim is to understand what therapies and interventions families in a low and middle income (LMIC) country, such as Vietnam resort to in their attempts to seek care for their children with ASD and why they choose these therapies. We undertook semi-structured qualitative interviews with 27 parents of children with autism and an online survey of 112 parents as part of a broader ethnographic study over one year augmented with recent interactional observations and a review of social media. There is limited access to formal interventions for families with children with ASD in Vietnam. Rather, families resort to syncretic care using an average of 6.8 different interventions per child. These included: speech therapy; physical therapy; prescribed medicines; and ABA as well as geomancy, special dietary regimes, biochemical testing, stem cell therapies and religious and cultural practices. Despite having low incomes, the families surveyed spent an average USD 345 per month on interventions, many of which are not evidence-based. Desire to care and potentially "cure" their children within a context of stigma associated with ASD drives parents to seek all possible interventions for their children. There remains a large gap in access to appropriate evidence-based interventions or trained therapists for families. Further information for parents, culturally appropriate guidelines for effective interventions, more trained rehabilitation professionals and regulation is required. Within low and middle income countries (LMIC), such as Vietnam there is a lack of intervention services, difficulties in accessing appropriate specialists, poor quality care and the costs of care. Families seek a range of formal interventions and costly informal therapies as well as culturally specific practices to care for their child/ren and require information on effective therapies. In LMIC training programs to build capacity for allied health professionals need to be implemented on the latest evidence-based therapies. It is important to develop culturally appropriate Vietnamese guidelines to support interventions for children with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The head of a cylindrical reactor vessel must be designed for earthquake-induced sloshing force if there is insufficient freeboard. Herein, a design-oriented calculation method is developed for base-and head-supported annular tanks, where the annulus separates the reactor vessel and its core barrel. Charts are provided to enable preliminary design calculations. Examples are presented to describe the calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Risk' has become a central concept for social work practice in countries with more developed social welfare systems. As argued by Hazel Kemshall and colleagues, 'risk' has often replaced 'need' as the main driver for social work interventions as societies seek to avoid harm to citizens. This shift of focus raises a tension between care (support for the individual or family in their own right) and control (seeking to prevent harm to themselves, each other or other citizens). This article considers some of the key developments in the 25 years since the above article, including the development of risk communication; the growing familiarity with both likelihood and severity concepts of risk; the assessment of risk as part of organisational arrangements to manage risk; and theoretical developments linking social work assessment, 'working with risk' and decision-making. In the first part of the article, we explore the care versus control boundary through focussing, in turn, on child and family social work, adult care services, mental health social work and criminal justice social work, and their respective developments. We then further extend two key foci regarding assessment and care planning as well as the use of professional knowledge at the care and control boundary. Our analysis of these developments points towards more nuanced approaches to managing risk and making decisions at these sometimes contentious boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, the incidence of twin pregnancies is rising owing to the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), emigration and deferment of pregnancy until advanced maternal age (AMA). While twin pregnancies have higher absolute risks of adverse outcomes, including miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal death and preterm delivery, the impact of specific exposures and risk factors related to these outcomes may differ between twin pregnancies and singleton pregnancies. Regarding modifiable factors, data are sometimes based on evidence extrapolated from singleton or whole obstetric populations. Therefore, targeted evidence is required to provide care tailored to twin pregnancies to prevent adverse outcomes. We aimed to comprehensively review the association between different risk factors and adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies, including data on chorionicity, and to compare these to singletons. This review examines the risks associated with chorionicity, AMA, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities, maternal smoking, use of ART, maternal perception of fetal movement, and maternal comorbidities, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Adverse outcomes reported were preterm birth, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), stillbirth and neonatal mortality. As such, fetal mortality and morbidity will be under-represented, as pregnancy loss before 22–24 weeks is omitted. Monochorionicity increases the risk of stillbirth, NICU admission, and preterm delivery in twin pregnancy. AMA predisposes twin pregnancies to higher risks of mortality, admission to the NICU, and preterm birth than singleton pregnancies do. Conversely, the impact of BMI, socioeconomic inequalities, smoking, ART, and HDP on adverse outcomes appears to be lower in twin pregnancies than in singleton pregnancies. This attenuation might be explained by the higher baseline risk of adverse outcomes such as preterm birth in twin pregnancies. Some exposures, such as ART use and GDM, appear to be "protective" against perinatal mortality in twin pregnancies, despite being established risk factors for adverse outcomes in singleton pregnancies, potentially related to access to specialist care. There is a paucity of evidence available to counsel mothers of twin pregnancies regarding reduced fetal movement. Overall, the risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes differ between twin and singleton pregnancies. This highlights the need for further studies to examine the association between risk factors and adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies. The resulting data would facilitate tailored guidance for twin pregnancies, contribute to improved antenatal care, and inform wider public health strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behind the statistics forecasting millions of deaths associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an even greater burden of morbidity leaving many people with long-term chronic illnesses and disability. Despite growing recognition of the importance of inter-sectoral and inter-disciplinary knowledge in forming responses to address this global health threat, there remains a paucity of social science research to understand the social burdens of AMR. In this qualitative study we explore the experiences of people living with chronic AMR infections, their interactions with health providers and therapeutic quests for care, and the effects upon their lives and that of their families and caregivers. Our analysis reveals that the resistant infections impacted not only the physical health but also the mental health of the sufferers and their caregivers, causing major disruptions to their social and work lives. Most undertook arduous treatment regimes – of powerful antibiotics with debilitating side effects, combined a range of other complementary and alternate therapies, including travel to seek treatment overseas. Further, we question the notion of 'AMR survivorship' currently being promoted as part of a public education campaign by the World Health Organisation and whether people with the diverse AMR experience really self-identify as 'survivors' of a biosocial group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study we aim to increase our knowledge of the relationship between childhood trauma and outcome in couple therapy. We sampled participants based on their suboptimal responses to treatment as well as one member of the dyad having reported experiences of childhood trauma. Six participants constituting three couples were included. All data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Our main finding was that when couples are not able to agree on the goal of their therapy and this is not handled adequately by the therapist, the alliance tends to split. The therapy thus becomes more individually focused at the expense of the couple relationship. Generally, participants did not themselves assess their past traumas as having negatively impacted therapy giving instead credence as to how it has impacted their self-knowledge. In the future, longitudinal studies should be conducted to explore if there is an association across treatment between trauma and the therapeutic relationship, and the influence it might have on outcome. The findings of this study further support the already existing literature on the importance of alliance and elaborates upon how split alliances occur, develops, and constrains therapy. Supplemental data for this article is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332691.2022.2053262 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]