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This book highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of masonry structures and constructions, as presented by leading international researchers at the 18th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference (IB2MaC), held in Birmingham, UK, on July 21–24, 2024. Conference topics include architecture with masonry, analysis of masonry structures, bricks and blocks, mortars, repair, strengthening and retrofitting, conservation of historical heritage, new construction techniques, seismic engineering, durability and deterioration of materials, energy efficiency, AI, and masonry. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, present a wealth of exciting ideas that will open novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

The two-volume set LNCS 15226 and 15227 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation, SAMOS 2024, held in Samos, Greece, during June 29–July 4, 2024. The 24 full papers, 10 invited full papers and 4 poster papers included in the proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. They deal with embedded computer systems focusing on their applications; architectures; and underlying processors, as well as methods created to automate their design.

This open access book provides practical guidance for understanding the new treaty adopted in June 2023 that will change the way biodiversity is governed in about two thirds of the oceans known as areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). The Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction is an achievement for global cooperation in conservation, sustainability and equity. The treaty provisions in Part II on Marine Genetic Resource (MGR) governance were the most contentious element of negotiations, resulting in significant innovation and compromise. It has an ambitious framework with many details yet to be fleshed out after the treaty comes into force. There is no comprehensive guidance for stakeholders about what the treaty means for their current and future research and development (R&D) and commercialisation of MGR of ABNJ, digital sequence information and associated traditional knowledge. Through a detailed commentary and real world examples, this book interprets and analyses the treaty text to offer practical considerations, guidelines and tools to assist policy makers as well as scientists and commercial end users to align their R&D practices with the expected implementation of the treaty.

This book connects information technology (IT) to the fisheries and aquaculture sectors. The topics covered in the book explore the diverse ways in which IT contributes to promoting sustainable practices and efficient management in aquatic environments. From examining current challenges through a technological lens to investigating advanced applications like Internet of Things (IoT), remote sensing and machine learning, the book covers a wide range of themes. The chapters address crucial aspects such as precision nutrition, disease management, environmental monitoring and the economic effects of adopting IT. It also bridges the gap between traditional aquaculture practices and the transformative potential of information technology. This book serves as a reference for researchers, practitioners, policymakers and students in the field of fisheries and aquaculture

This atlas provides high quality ultrasound images of musculoskeletal, mechanical, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders encountered in rheumatology and other musculoskeletal clinic practices. Standard scanning conventions of joint regions with pertinent high-quality anatomic illustrations are used to facilitate understanding of sonographic images. Useful scanning pearls and pitfalls encountered in daily clinical practice are highlighted in each chapter. The atlas summarizes the role of ultrasonography in various rheumatologic conditions, identification of elemental sonographic lesions, classic examples of sonography in various classification criteria and grading systems for the diagnosis and management of selected rheumatic conditions. Expert authors provide case-based presentations of sonographic pathology. Supplementary video clips demonstrating common ultrasound-guided procedures performed in rheumatology, as well as dynamic ultrasonography are included. This is an ideal guide for rheumatologists and musculoskeletal providers incorporating ultrasound into their clinical practice.

This book gathers peer-reviewed papers presented at the International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Digital Environments for Education, Arts and Heritage (EARTH2023), held in Brixen, Italy, in June 2023. The papers focus on interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary research concerning cutting-edge cultural heritage informatics and engineering; the use of technology for the representation, preservation and communication of cultural heritage knowledge; as well as heritage education in digital environments; innovative experiments in the field of digital representation and methodological reflections on the use of IT tools in various educational contexts. The scope of the papers ranges from theoretical research to applications, including education, in several fields of science, technology and art. EARTH 2018 addressed a variety of topics and subtopics, including digital representation technologies, virtual museums and virtual exhibitions, virtual and augmented reality, digital heritage and digital arts, art and heritage education, teaching and technologies for museums, VR and AR technologies in schools, education through digital media, psychology of perception and attention, psychology of arts and communication, as well as serious games and gamification. As such the book provides architects, engineers, computer scientists, pedagogist, psychologist, social scientists and designers interested in computer applications and cultural heritage with an overview of the latest advances in the field, particularly in the context of science, arts and education.

This book gathers the proceedings of the 11th International Conference of Ar.Tec. (Scientific Society of Architectural Engineering), Colloqui.AT.e, which was held in Palermo, Italy, on June 12–15, 2024, and brought together scholars in the fields of construction and conservation history, building construction and performance, building design and technologies. Digital transition and design of 4.0 buildings, digital twins for the management of historical building heritage, building-human-environment relationships, and mitigation of vulnerabilities for the preservation of the built environment are also explored. The contributions demonstrate that architectural engineering enables the construction of sustainable, resilient, adaptive, and high-performance buildings, and as such is instrumental in fighting against climate change.

This book is devoted to phytopharmaceuticals and their role in managing human disorders. It also covers the biological role of herbal drugs and the latest research developments in herbal medicine. Divided into five parts, the book starts with a global perspective on phytopharmaceuticals providing insights into the lessons from the past to the future, followed by an overview of Ayurveda medicine, and the main isolation and extraction techniques of plant material. Parts 2 and 3 present the latest research on natural products and phytopharmaceuticals, in which the authors cover the current clinical research status on formulations containing medicinal plants, and an overview of nanomedicines. Particular attention is given to potential and current therapeutic applications of phytopharmaceuticals, including their role in the management of COVID-19, neurological disorders, and cancer therapy. Part 4 focuses on the biomedical applications of phytochemical-based formulations, and Part 5 outlines the role and benefits of nutraceuticals in human health. The final chapter of this book provides an overview of the main toxicity and regulatory aspects of herbal medicines. Collating the latest advances in phytopharmaceuticals and natural product drug discovery with a perspective on Ayurveda therapies, this book has broad appeal from scholars,and researchers to professionals interested in plant-based drug development and phytochemistry.

The book poses key questions on the contemporary practices of experience-oriented urbanism from the perspective of the affective turn. Departing from a critique of the imposition of the experience economy on contemporary urbanism, the book seeks alternative narratives and praxis for the co-creation of experiences in the city by looking at how different urban curators play with rhythms, atmospheres, and worlds to improve their communities. In this sense, the book offers practical pathways for urbanists interested in using experience co-creation as a tool for fostering communities and fulfilling the right to the city. The book is mainly targeted to researchers, postgraduate students, and practitioners. The topic of affective urbanism is of interest to scholars in urban studies, architecture, geography, anthropology, and sociology.

This open access book presents selected contributions on a wide range of scientific and technological areas originating from the BUiD Doctoral Research Conference (BDRC 2023). It discusses the following topics: project management, macroeconomic factors, Fourth Industrial Revolution, agility, multiculturalism, diversity, inclusion, leadership, language, discourse analysis, curriculum, critical thinking, programming, online learning, and natural ventilation. The contributions reflect the multifaceted nature of the research in three academic disciplines, i.e., humanities, formal science, and applied science. This publication shares with its readers genuine research studies and reflections from practitioners on the current practice and understanding in the three academic disciplines. The significant findings of these studies have considerable educational, industrial, and economic implications.This is an open access book.

This book covers the basic knowledge of biojet fuel, explores the current technological status, and presents future prospects for commercial biojet fuel production. The focus of this book is on biojet fuel production from different types of potential substrates. It also includes technoeconomic analysis and life cycle assessment of biojet fuel. Biojet fuel is currently recognized as the best alternative to petroleum-based jet fuel due to its renewability and sustainable features. However, there is a scarcity of reports on biojet fuel production from various types of substrates.The aviation industry globally consumes approximately 200 million tonnes of jet fuels each year, with a projected continuous growth rate of 5% per year until 2050 (Seymour et al., 2020). Currently, the global demand for jet fuel is predominantly met by petroleum-based fuels. However, the limited availability of fossil fuels and increasing concerns about climate change have placed significant pressure on commercial airlines to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and embrace cleaner and more sustainable practices.Biojet fuel has emerged as the most favorable alternative to petroleum-based jet fuel due to its renewable nature and sustainable characteristics. Despite its potential, there is a limited number of reports available on the production of biojet fuel from different types of substrates. The present scenario of biojet fuel necessitates the development of improved and cost-effective technologies that can yield long-term benefits.The book is useful for students and researchers in various branches of life sciences, including environmental biotechnology, bioprocess engineering, renewable energy, chemical engineering, nanotechnology, biotechnology, microbiology, and more.

In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool for combating insect pests in agriculture, public health, and urban environments. Nanomaterials offer unique properties which can be leveraged to develop targeted and environmentally sustainable pest control solutions. However, despite growing interest in this area, there remains a need for a comprehensive resource that synthesizes the latest research findings and practical applications of nanotechnology for insect pest control. Nano-Insecticide addresses this gap by providing a thorough overview of the diverse applications of nanotechnology in insect pest management. The book covers a wide range of topics, including nanoparticles for insecticide delivery and release, nanostructured materials for pest monitoring and detection, nanobiotechnology approaches for pest-specific targeting, environmental implications, safety considerations and more. Case studies and practical applications from various agricultural and urban settings are also featured. Each chapter is authored by leading experts in their respective fields, ensuring that the book reflects the latest advancements and perspectives in nanotechnology for insect pest control. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students interested in the intersection of nanotechnology and pest management. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art and future directions in the field, Nano-Insecticide aims to stimulate further research and innovation in this critical area. It has the potential to significantly advance our understanding and application of novel pest management strategies.

“This book offers a comprehensive exploration of sustainable solid waste management practices in delta regions worldwide. With attention to detail, this work presents a systematic review, illuminating case studies, original research, and insightful meta-analyses tailored to address the unique challenges faced by delta environments. Home to over half a billion people, or approximately 7% of the global population, delta regions are dynamic ecological and social landscapes, despite accounting for only 1% of the world's land area. Yet, they play a pivotal role in national economies. Given the significant size and density of populations in these regions, understanding solid waste generation patterns, trends, and impacts is essential for global sustainability efforts. By focusing on deltaic regions, we aim to provide essential insights into effective policy planning and advancements in social and ecological sustainability. Explore a diverse array of topics, including the bioconversion of food waste into environmentally friendly compounds, sustainable production and disposal practices to address water quality concerns, and innovative waste management applications to combat channel clogging and flooding in delta districts. Delve into best practices for managing climate-related flood risks, addressing urban responses, and tackling environmental pollution associated with unmanaged waste disposal in delta catchments. Additionally, gain valuable insights into the regulatory framework guiding waste management practices, particularly in delta regions facing significant plastic pollution challenges. This book navigates the complexities of solid waste management in delta regions, paving the way for a more sustainable future.”

Nanomaterials have recently garnered significant attention and practical importance for heterogeneous electrocatalysis. This book presents recent developments in the design, synthesis, and characterisation of nanostructured electrocatalytic materials, with a focus on applications to energy and wastewater treatment. Electrocatalytic nanomaterials can enhance process efficiency and sustainability, thus providing innovative solutions for a wide array of areas such as sustainable energy production, conversion, and wastewater treatment. Readers will gain insights into the latest breakthroughs in electrocatalysis and the activity of nanomaterials in energy conversion applications, e.g., fuel cells, hydrogen production, water splitting, and electro/photocatalytic water splitting, as well as for wastewater treatment. The book explores the development of advanced electrocatalysts, particularly hybrid materials.

This book explores the antifungal properties of natural products and reviews their antifungal mechanism. An introductory chapter illustrates the various fungal pathogenic species, common fungal diseases, and general mechanisms of action of various antifungal classes, including natural products. The book comprises seven sections and each section contains chapters on the efficacy and antifungal mode of action of plant extracts, essential oils, natural compounds, their derivatives, and plant-based nanoparticles. A section summarizes the antifungal efficacy of compounds derived from sources other than plants, like microbes. Besides compound toxicity, the book explores the antifungal mode of action and efficacy against the virulence and pathogenicity of fungal pathogens like Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, and other pathogenic fungi. Further, the book also describes recent advancements in the discovery of novel drug targets and therapeutic strategies that are non-toxic and more efficacious for combating drug resistance. This book is an invaluable source for researchers working in the field of fungal biochemistry, anti-microbial, and anti-bacterial and undergraduate and postgraduate students of microbiology and pharmacology.

Environmental pollution is a worldwide concern now. A major section of the world population is struggling for drinking water. Polluted soil is resulting into low agricultural productivity and thus creating challenges in the way of sustainable livelihood of a large section of human population. Biological treatment can offer both green solutions for wastewater treatment and resource recovery as well. Like algal-based systems can be utilized for wastewater treatment and production of biofuels from the biomass grown on the wastewater. Bio-based nanomaterials have been extensively studied for their employability in the health care, process optimization, water resource management, dealing with environmental pollutants, biosensors, and many others. Bioprospecting of novel biological agents, bio-based products, and bioresource recovery are paving the way for sustainable development as they are providing local solutions for a number of problems.In this proposed book, we start with the introduction to bio-nanotechnological principles and later on discuss bio-based nanomaterials employability for a diverse range of applications from environment to energy to health care. This book provides with current trends in bio-nanotechnology for anthropogonic purposes, prospects, challenges, and way forward.

For many people, thoughts of the United Arab Emirates conjure images of ultramodern skyscrapers and rolling sand dunes. However, the Emirates are a rich mosaic of ecosystems and habitats that support surprisingly diverse communities of organisms, and there is growing awareness of the importance of these previously underappreciated natural assets. A Natural History of the Emirates provides a comprehensive overview of the unusual environmental setting of this young nation, and surveys the major ecosystems and the marine and terrestrial organisms occurring across the nation. From freshwater streams in the hyperarid Hajar Mountains to the world's most temperature-tolerant coral reefs, the UAE is home to an astounding variety of uniquely adapted organisms that are providing insights into climate change and how organisms cope with and respond to extreme environmental conditions. The book closes with a section on human interactions with this unique environment, and proposes initiatives to ensure the protection of these unique natural assets into the future. This is an open access book.

Questo libro mette in luce alcune idee matematiche che aiutano a spiegare una serie di aspetti importanti della dinamica dei gruppi sociali. Le idee e le tecniche utilizzate sono analoghe a quelle che hanno avuto tanto successo nella descrizione del comportamento dei sistemi meccanici lagrangiani: questo libro si rivolge a chiunque voglia comprendere l'unità intrinseca dei fenomeni naturali.

This handbook constitutes state-of-the-art research covering topics such as chemical constituents of biomass, their specific properties, characterization and different applications. The contents also discuss challenges and issues involved in its applications. This volume brings together a number of biomass-derived potential renewable elements and its circular economy approach in one place. The content includes industrial applications and fills the gap in laboratory research works to practical applications in related industries. The book gives an insight towards the circular economy approach by the biomass, different gross morphologies of biomasses and the valuable chemical constituents that can be derived from the biomass and moreover the potential applications of all those constituents. It enables researchers and scientists to get informed of the designs to improve existing utilization of biomass in an efficient manner and deliver better products at lower cost.The volume isuseful reference for professionals, researchers, industrial practitioners, graduate students and senior undergraduates in the fields of polymer science, bioscience and bioengineering. It also provides an in-depth reference for biomass processors and fabricators and for industry sectors utilizing biomass such as packaging, sensors, film manufacturers, medical device manufacturers and biomedical engineers.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in nanotechnology as an alternative strategy for addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Examining nanotechnology-based methods such as nanoencapsulation, drug delivery, and conjugation, the text highlights their successful application in treating microbial infections with reduced resistance and off-target toxicity. The introductory section outlines AMR and explores diverse mechanisms of microbial resistance, emphasizing the potential of nanotechnology to surmount these challenges. Subsequent chapters investigate the role of specific nanomaterials—metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, functionalized quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, bimetallic nanoparticles, nanocomposites, carbon nanomaterials, and polymer-based nanomaterials—in overcoming antimicrobial resistance. Several chapters focus on the efficacy of nanoemulsions as an antimicrobial delivery method, underscoring their inherent antimicrobial properties, capacity to enhance drug solubility, stability, bioavailability, and targeting potential at the organ and cellular levels. The concluding section provides a detailed review of liposomes, dendrimers-based nanoparticles, and micelles as drug delivery vehicles in the context of combating pathogens resistant to antimicrobials.

This volume gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of operational modal analysis and structural health monitoring, as presented at the 10th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC), held in Naples, Italy on May 22-24, 2024. The contributions cover a diverse range of topics, including AI for data interpretation, automatic modal parameter estimation, Digital Twin, modal testing methods, instrumentation and case studies, model correlation and updating, modal-based SHM, modal mass estimation. Selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process, they will spur novel research directions and foster future multidisciplinary collaborations.

This book offers a fresh perspective on the Habitats Directive's rules on designating Natura 2000 - the European biodiversity conservation network. Although the Habitats Directive came into force in the early 1990s, the network is not yet optimally set up and lacks coherence and connectivity. The author examines the Habitats Directive's provisions regarding the designation of Natura 2000 and discusses possible reasons for the EU Member States'ongoing lack of compliance with their designation duties. She reassesses the 2015 REFIT Fitness Check of the Nature Directives to look for the Member States'reasons for not having optimally complied with their designation duties yet. She then analyses the Habitats Directive to reveal elements of non-optimal drafting in its designation provisions. Sensible law reforms that do not interfere with the general framework of the Habitats Directive and which keep in mind the relevant national, regional, and international biodiversity law and policy,as well as the relevant case law will be discussed to this end. As a result, this book presents an enhanced legal designation framework that can support Member States'compliance with their designation obligations. The book finally goes beyond the European biodiversity legislation, also shedding light on the effects of the suggested reforms for the broader biodiversity and environmental law and policy landscape, and concludes that reforming the Habitats Directive would benefit a variety of contemporary areas of law. This book targets academics and policy-makers in the field as it provides a scholarly as well as a hands-on approach to the subject of strengthening European biodiversity law.

The four-volume proceedings set LNCS 14601-14604 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th IACR International Conference on Practice and Theory of Public Key Cryptography, PKC 2024, held in Sydney, NSW, Australia, April 15–17, 2024. The 54 papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 176 submissions. They focus on all aspects of signatures; attacks; commitments; multiparty computation; zero knowledge proofs; theoretical foundations; isogenies and applications; lattices and applications; Diffie Hellman and applications; encryption; homomorphic encryption; and implementation.

This revised, expanded third edition updates the reader on this fast moving field as well providing an overall understanding of the genetics of complex diseases by using stroke as a paradigm. The reader will gain a comprehensive understanding of cerebrovascular genetics including the epidemiological evidence for the genetic basis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, knowledge of its molecular basis from association, linkage and recent genome-wide studies, and also monogenic disorders. Finally, the legal and ethical complexities in dealing with these issues are discussed.Stroke Genetics is a valuable resource for neurologists, stroke physicians, hypertension specialists, internists, clinical pharmacologists and those in training, as well as researchers in the field of disease genetics. Each chapter now contains teaching/training MCQs to help with retention of information learnt from each chapter and this will be of considerable use to those training or about to the examined inthe field of inherited stroke.Additional questions via app: Download the Springer Nature Flashcards app for free and use exclusive additional material to test your knowledge.

This book aims to address the issue of the effects that the contemporary environmental, technological, social and economic global challenges produce on settlement systems, communities, institutions and enterprises. It presents a multi-disciplinary scientific debate on the new frontiers of strategic and spatial planning, decision support tools and ecological design, within the urban-rural areas networks and the metropolitan cities of the Mediterranean basin. The book focuses on five topics: Cultural Heritage as driver of development for territories and tourism destinations; Ecosystems, people-nature cohesion and urban-rural relationships; Decision Support Systems for urban regeneration; Policies and practices of cohesion and social innovation for inclusive cities; Green buildings and sustainable solutions for ecological transition. In addition, the book hosts the papers of a special session intercluster promoted by Italian Society of Architectural Technology (SITdA). The book benefits all researchers, practitioners and policymakers interested in the issue applied to metropolitan cities and marginal areas.

This volume uses aerosol optical depth (AOD) analysis through mapping and remote sensing techniques to derive the relationship between aerosols and hazardous precipitation events, primarily in the form of flooding. Attention is also given to pollution caused by an abundance of particulate matter in the atmosphere and its impacts on human health, which is also assessed via the study of AOD. Background is given on how AOD is retrieved, and why it is a useful tool for estimating atmospheric particle concentration, but also the challenges associated with using this approach. Different aerosol types are introduced to perform a comparative analysis of the most common associations between pollution impacts on temperature and resulting precipitation events. These analyses will help to provide an overview of the best strategies to make informed and sustainable disaster risk management practices and policies. The target audience for the work is students, researchers, and scientists working witha vision towards sustainability, public health safety and air pollution mitigation measures. It will also be a useful text for climate change policy makers, environmental engineers and stakeholders in social development sectors.

This book addressed an in-depth comprehension of the classifications and characterizations of POPs, which have become global issues due to bioaccumulation, persistency, and toxicity. It represents the milestones of the development of pesticide application, industry, and management. Banned SC-POPs have special investigations. It discusses air-sea exchange, ocean currents, phase distribution, speciation, adsorption, desorption, and degradation as the key processes that control POP's fate. The book explores several aspects of POP chemistry that have a direct influence on their biochemical and toxicological consequences. The book illustrates the dynamic equilibriums influencing the proportion of a POP's gaseous, liquid, and solid phases. The book discussed POP migration by referring to the grasshopper effect. It also explores the impacts of climate change on emissions and the fate of POPs through a global-scale multimedia fate model. Additionally, it displays the impact of potential global change scenarios on POP bioaccumulation patterns. The book is directed at giving a deep discussion of the method's QA/QC process for POP determination and has verified the accuracy and precision of the procedures. As a distinctive point, it discusses many aspects concerning the toxicity of POPs. It reports mechanisms describing the toxicity of POPs on immune systems, carcinogenesis, endocrine, neural, and reproductive systems. The book keeps an eye on a model describing the global distribution and toxicity of PAHs. Among the exclusive points in the book is the evaluation of the recent ecological status in Egypt relative to POPs through a time-scale overview and recent case studies. It provides thematic literature related to DDC research in Africa through the WoS and Scopus databases from 1949 to 2021. The book emphasizes models for predicting the annual contribution rate of POPs as a way to raise public awareness about POPs. The greatest challenge for the book is how to motivate the audience to be aware of these hazardous materials in marine ecosystems. Moreover, this book will be of great interest to academics, professionals, practitioners, post-graduate students, and undergraduates because it gives a clear overview of POPs in the marine environment. It also provides decision-makers with a realistic perspective of the environmental file, allowing them to address environmental issues and directing stockholders to safer locations for environmental activity. From a future perspective, the regulation of pervasive POPs, with special reference to recently evaluated harmful substances (PFASs), has faced significant challenges in the wake of pressure from regulators.

The book presents a general to detailed perspective of the most updated geomorphological works in Costa Rica. The book will be very interesting for professionals, researchers, general public, and students.

This book reconstructs the economic thought of Italian women who produced written sources, and of those whose “only” legacy was their actions. The conceptual tools of economic history and the history of economic thought alike are used to reveal the economic ideas of women overlooked by historiography in four fields, namely as entrepreneurs, workers, educators, and politicians. As for the entrepreneurs, the book examines the businesswoman Isabella De Mari Doria (eighteenth century) and other figures active in both the industrialized and the informal sectors in the nineteenth century. The important issues of female employment and wage discrimination based on gender are analyzed, taking into account the debates of the period. In turn, the role of women in economic education in the first half of the twentieth century is reconstructed through the figure of Aurelia Josz, an educational entrepreneur who trained female agricultural entrepreneurs, managers, and teachers, and by exploring the presence of women at universities, both as students of economics and as educators and researchers. Lastly, the book takes a closer look at women involved in politics who dealt with economic issues: the socialist Anna Kuliscioff, the fascist Margherita Grassini Sarfatti, and the 21 women who took part in the Italian Constituent Assembly in June 1946. Given its scope, the book appeals to scholars and students of the history of economic thought, economic history, and women's studies.

This book serves as a guide, leading readers towards a world where waste ceases to be a burden, but a wellspring of possibilities. Whether the goal is to enhance expertise, ignite creativity, or develop a thorough grasp of waste's transformative possibilities, this book serves to achieve a more sustainable and prosperous future. It provides an invaluable treasure of knowledge for readers, researchers, working professionals, and academics alike, and offers a comprehensive roadmap to address the waste crisis with sustainable solutions. The book introduces readers to a diverse range of sustainable approaches that address the pressing challenges of waste management and resource conservation. From converting waste into building materials to employing waste in innovative 3D printing applications, these sustainable approaches empower individuals to make informed choices for a greener future. It provides in-depth insights that captivate waste management and environmental specialists while offering accessible entry points for those new to the subject.

This book collects contributions which showcase the impact of new augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies considered jointly in the fields of cultural heritage and innovative design. AR is an alternative path of analysis and communication if applied to several fields of research, in particular if related to space and artifacts in it. This happens because the neural network development strengthens the relationship between augmented reality and artificial intelligence, creating processes close to human thought in shorter times. In the last years, the AR/AI expansion and the future scenarios have raised a deep trans-disciplinary speculation. The disciplines of representation (drawing, surveying, visual communication), as a convergence place of multidisciplinary theoretical and applicative studies related to architecture, city, environment, tangible and intangible cultural heritage, are called to contribute to the international debate. The book chapters dealwith augmented reality and artificial intelligence, analyzing their connections as research tools for knowing the environment. In particular, the topics focus on the intersection between real and virtual world and on the heuristic role of drawing in the enhancement and management of cultural heritage, in planning and monitoring the architecture, the environment, or the infrastructures. Scientists involved in AR and AI research applied separately or together in the field of cultural heritage, architectural design, urban planning, and infrastructures analysis, as well as members of public and private organizations make up interdisciplinary groups that fuel the discussion focusing on the priorities and aims of the research related to the disciplines of representation.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of silicon nitride biomaterials, encompassing both established and emerging applications. Key topics include a foundational overview of biomaterials, followed by an in-depth examination of silicon nitride's structure, bulk properties, processing techniques, surface chemistry, and its critical functionalities: osteoconductivity and antipathogenicity. The text delves into silicon nitride biocomposites and coatings, exploring their potential in various fields. Dedicated chapters address the use of silicon nitride in spinal surgery and total joint arthroplasty, providing valuable insights. Additionally, a critical comparison between silicon nitride and zirconia-toughened alumina is presented. The book concludes with a discussion of silicon nitride's promising future applications within dentistry and other emerging fields. This comprehensive resource serves as an ideal reference for ceramic scientists, students, orthopedic and neurosurgeons, and professionals in the orthopedic implant industry seeking to expand their knowledge of silicon nitride biomaterials and their diverse applications. This book also: Provides the latest research on and applications of silicon nitride biomaterials for spine surgery and additive manufacturing Broadens reader understanding of silicon nitride composites and the antimicrobial properties of silicon nitride Thoroughly details the surface chemistry of silicon nitride in artificial joint environments and future applications of silicon nitride biomaterials

Special Topics in Structural Dynamics & Experimental Techniques, Volume 5: Proceedings of the 42nd IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2024, the fifth volume of ten from the Conference brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Structural Dynamics, including papers on: Active Control Experimental Techniques Finite Element Techniques Multifunction Structures System Identification Additive Manufacturing Rotating Machinery

This multi-author clinical guide provides an evidence-based account of the orthodontic management of class II malocclusion. It begins with an overview of class II malocclusion including clinical examples and epidemiological data. This is followed by a chapter discussing timing of treatment, both early and late, and pre- and post-pubertal interventions. Information is given on the evidence base underlying outcomes of treatment, and on clinical management of class II malocclusion, beginning with techniques aimed at growth modification including removable functional appliances, fixed functional appliances and molar distalisation. The book includes a stand-alone chapter on class II division 2 malocclusion and explains conventional camouflage-based orthodontic treatment, treatment of class II malocclusion with lingual appliances and orthodontic-surgical management of class II cases. The last chapters are dedicated to management of class II cases with aligners and retention. In this book, there is an emphasis on evidence-based management of these developing problems and each chapter is richly illustrated with clinical examples. The chapters have been written by an international field of expert clinicians and academics, and will appeal to a wide range of clinicians, including undergraduate dental students, orthodontic specialist trainees and established specialist orthodontists.

This book covers different technological and business-related issues including ethical use and cultural sensitivity of data used in businesses, managing data privacy and protection, governance standards for digital transformation, executive leadership strategic decisions, and business innovation and sustainability. With the recent development of artificial intelligence (AI), businesses are urged to consider innovation while applying digital transformation. Depending on the nature of the businesses, it is found that innovative digital transformation is required with the use of artificial intelligence. However, the future of AI in businesses is yet unclear, the question is it true that without digital transformation businesses are no longer sustainable? Researchers argue that digital transformation could be an opportunity for business to create a global brand however several implications and challenges should be considered including governance and responsible digital management. This book explores how businesses could benefit from AI and leverage technologies to sustain businesses. The book is authored by leading experts in the field of AI, digitalization, and business innovation and sustainability; the author's diversity reflects quality of research with high level of impact in the research topic. It is written in accessible language that makes it easy for business leaders, researchers, policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of business development to understand the complex concepts and ideas presented in the book. This book provides insight for executive leaders in setting new innovative strategies toward leveraging AI in business at different levels of operations to support business sustainability. The book provides different theoretical and practical practices and case studies that could be used as a guideline for policy making and devising innovative directions.

This book delves into a wide array of polymer topics, covering synthesis methods, processing technologies, performances, advanced characterization, and modeling techniques. It highlights recent advancements in polybenzoxazine-based smart shape memory materials, metallopolymer, HCN derived polymers. Advanced polymer composites, polymeric nanomaterials, and their fabrication methods and applications are also discussed. Additionally, the book explores the utilization of emerging polymer materials in biosensor development, covering various classes such as biopolymers, functional polymers, hydrogels, conductive polymers, and nanomaterials. It provides insights into the recent advances in polyaniline copolymers for chemical sensors and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF)-based pickering emulsions with antimicrobial properties, particularly focusing on applications in food and biomedical products. Furthermore, it delves into polydisperse polymer brushes under compression, detailing their behavior concerning polymer persistence length and substrate stiffness.

This richly illustrated book describes the processes, techniques and biomechanics involved in providing aligner treatment for different types of malocclusions. It opens with an overview of the material characteristics and the basic concepts of aligner therapy including topics like biocompatibility and intraoral deterioration. The main part of the book is dedicated to the various types of aligners, the methods used in their application and the practical aspects of delivery. It is structured based on the type of malocclusion being managed giving the reader a systematic pattern and a practical way of progressing through the book. The book closes with a discussion of the scientific data available. This comprehensive step-by-step guide on aligner systems is a must have for both dental undergraduate and postgraduate dental students as well as for fully practising clinicians who want to deepen their knowledge in this innovative technique.

This book, now in an extensively revised second edition, provides information on the basic science and tissue interactions of dental lasers and documents the principal current clinical uses of lasers in every dental discipline. The applications of lasers in restorative dentistry, endodontics, dental implantology, pediatric dentistry, periodontal therapy, and soft tissue surgery are clearly described and illustrated. Information is also provided on laser-assisted multi-tissue management, covering procedures such as crown lengthening, gingival troughing, gingival recontouring, and depigmentation. The closing chapters look forward to the future of lasers in dentistry and the scope for their widespread use in everyday clinical practice. When used in addition to or instead of conventional instrumentation, lasers offer many unique patient benefits. Furthermore, research studies continue to reveal further potential clinical applications, and new laser wavelengths are being explored, developed, and delivered with highly specific power configurations to optimize laser–tissue interaction. This book will bring the reader up to date with the latest advances and will appeal to all with an interest in the application of lasers to the oral soft and/or hard tissues.

Dieses Buch bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die aktuellen Behandlungsstrategien bei indolenten Lymphomen, deren klinische Behandlung den Allgemeinonkologen trotz der enormen Fortschritte bei der Diagnose, der Bewertung von Risikofaktoren und molekularen zielgerichteten Ansätzen weiterhin vor große Herausforderungen stellt. Experten auf diesem Gebiet aus aller Welt beschreiben die Histomorphologie in klinisch relevanter Weise, gehen detailliert auf die Rolle der Risikofaktoren ein und erörtern das gesamte Spektrum der therapeutischen Ansätze. Besonderer Wert wird auf die Umsetzung molekularwissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse in die klinische Versorgung gelegt, und für jede Entität wird ein krankheitsspezifischer Algorithmus vorgeschlagen. Behandelt werden das follikuläre Lymphom, das MALT-Lymphom, das nodale Marginalzonen-Lymphom, das Milz-Marginalzonen-Lymphom, die Waldenström-Makroglobulinämie, die Haarzell-Leukämie, die chronische lymphatische Leukämie, die Mycosis fungoides, die großkörnige lymphatische Leukämie und auch das Mantelzell-Lymphom. Das Buch ist ein hervorragendes Hilfsmittel für erfahrene und unerfahrene Ärzte gleichermaßen.

Dieses Buch beschäftigt sich mit hochaktuellen und grundlegenden rechtlichen und rechtsethischen Fragen der Regulierung der modernen Biotechnologie, insbesondere von genetisch veränderten Organismen. Zentraler Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Rechtssache Confédération Paysanne des EuGH, in der die Anwendung des Vorsorgeprinzips im europäischen Gentechnikrecht gestärkt wurde. Dies wurde von naturwissenschaftlicher Seite als gegenwärtig nicht angemessen und veraltet kritisiert. Das Vorsorgeprinzip, verankert im europäischen Umweltrecht und in verschiedenen Verträgen des internationalen Rechts, ist vor allem bei der Regulierung von Biotechnologie umstritten. Es geht daher in diesem Buch um Fragen der angemessenen und ethisch fundierten Regulierung von Teilbereichen der Biotechnologie als einer Zukunftstechnologie. Dies geschieht vor der anhaltenden Debatte um eine mögliche Neuausrichtung des europäischen Biotechnologierechts. Die theoretischen und dogmatischen Grundlagen für die gegenwärtigeund zukünftige Normierung werden dargelegt.

Engineering Aspects of Food Quality and Safety aims to fill the knowledge gap in current technological advances and methods for food safety and quality, dedicating entire sections to analytical techniques from quality testing to packaging, post-harvest methods from product utilization to storage to chemical engineering principles and pre-harvest interventions from genetic engineering and mechanization to the links between pre-and-post harvest techniques. Throughout the book, global policy perspectives are taken into account. An introductory section is also included to cover the role of food processing and engineering in food quality and safety improvement. Encompassing all of the major applications and challenges involved in the engineering aspects of food safety and quality in one source, this work is incredibly valuable to a wide range of food engineers, scientists, and industry professionals involved in the engineering, processing and packaging of both novel andtraditional foods. This text provides a detailed overview of the newest methods and advanced technologies used in the improvement of quality and safety in foods. The processes and methods described in this book are applicable to many areas of the food industry including pre-harvest and post-harvest technology, food machinery and product formulation. Featuring contributions from prominent food scientists and engineers across the globe, this work contains detailed coverage of the latest advances in genetic and chemical engineering, mechanization, thermal and non-thermal processing, automation, computational tools, packaging and waste management. The latest analytical techniques are also covered, including chapters dedicated to in-line monitoring, nanosensors, rapid testing kits and E-sensors. Maintaining a high standard of safety for consumers in foods is an interdisciplinary effort involving biologists, chemists, nutritionists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers and genetic engineers among others. All of these experts will find this book to be a singular source encompassing all of the major current advances in food safety engineering and processing.

This handbook systematically presents biomarkers for traumatic injuries. The book covers topics such as traumatic brain injury, liver injury, burn severity, muscle heart damage, and acute inflammation in polytrauma and their detection by biomarkers.Biomarkers and methods used in critical care and critically ill patients are discussed, as well as biomarkers in trauma and special conditions. Specific biomarker components are explained and models for modeling trauma in research are presented.This systematic handbook is an excellent resource for researchers and specialists in trauma research and treatment, as well as clinicians and physicians who want a thorough overview of various injuries, trauma, and their detection methods.

This book, which is the second volume of Role of Microorganisms in Pathogenesis and Management of Autoimmune Diseases, provides comprehensive coverage on how microbial pathogens can subvert our immune system into responding against self and resulting in autoimmune diseases. In particular, the book covers the different aspects of linking gut microbiota dysbiosis with autoimmune mechanisms involved in disease development to identify future effective approaches based on the gut microbiota for preventing these autoimmune diseases.Contributions in the book focus on the role of microbiota/probiotics and their distinct mechanisms exerted in the management of autoimmune diseases of the kidney, central nervous system, eye, blood vessel, and bowel. This could help in better understanding to design of therapeutic strategies that can be deployed to prevent these autoimmune diseases.The book has an interdisciplinary appeal and scholars with an interest in immunology, medical microbiology, and nutritional sciences will value its contribution. Overall, the book gives new dimension and insight into the aspects of microbial role in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.