Search

In this paper, a method has been proposed for user profiling based on tweeter data. The sentiments of the tweets are retrieved programmatically with the help of WordNet and News Paper Archive. In this experiment, the English WordNet 2.1 has been used as an online semantic dictionary and machine readable version of the "Times of India" news paper has been used to generate a news paper archive. The algorithm is tested on a data set of 1000 tweets from four different categories which are initially tagged by their innate senses for validation of the derived result.First of all, the data set is evaluated with the help of newspaper archive by using lexical overlap and the accuracy in sense retrieval task is 48.7%. The reason behind this scenario is the varieties of representations of a single statement in natural language which creates a mare similarity between the lexical entities of the statements. To overcome this problem, the contexts of the tweets are expanded with the help of WordNet by considering the synonyms of every meaningful word of the tweets and after that the senses of these tweets are evaluated. As the contexts of the statements are expanded in this approach, semantic relatedness between the statements is resolved in an efficient way which leads the system towards a better performance.

Paper-based digital microfluidic biochip (PB-DMFB) technology is one of the most promising solutions in biochemical applications due to the paper substrate. The paper substrate makes PB-DMFBs more portable, cost-effective, and less dependent on manufacturing equipment. However, the single-layer paper substrate, which entangles electrodes, conductive wires, and droplet routing in the same layer, raises challenges to chip-level synthesis of PB-DMFBs. Furthermore, current design automation tools have to address various design issues including manufacturing cost, reliability, and security. Therefore, a more flexible chip-level synthesis method is necessary. In this paper, we propose the first reinforcement learning based chip-level synthesis for PB-DMFBs. Double deep Q-learning networks are adapted for the agent to select and estimate actions, and then we obtain the optimized synthesis results. Experimental results show that the proposed method is not only effective and efficient for chip-level synthesis but also scalable to reliability and security-oriented schemes.

As Machine Learning (ML) becomes pervasive in the era of artificial intelligence, ML specific tools and frameworks are required for architectural research. This paper introduces NeuroMeter, an integrated power, area, and timing modeling framework for ML accelerators. NeuroMeter models the detailed architecture of ML accelerators and generates a fast and accurate estimation on power, area, and chip timing. Meanwhile, it also enables the runtime analysis of system-level performance and efficiency when the runtime activity factors are provided. NeuroMeter’s micro-architecture model includes fundamental components of ML accelerators, including systolic array based tensor units (TU), reduction trees (RT), and 1D vector units (VU). NeuroMeter has accurate modeling results, with the average power and area estimation errors below 10% and 17% respectively when validated against TPU-v1, TPU-v2, and Eyeriss.Leveraging the NeuroMeter’s new capabilities on architecting manycore ML accelerators, this paper presents the first in-depth study on the design space and tradeoffs of “Brawny and Wimpy” inference accelerators in datacenter scenarios with the insights that are otherwise difficult to discover without NeuroMeter. Our study shows that brawny designs with 64x64 systolic arrays are the most performant and efficient for inference tasks in the 28nm datacenter architectural space with a 500mm2 die area budget. Our study also reveals important tradeoffs between performance and efficiency. For datacenter accelerators with low batch inference, a small $(\sim 16$%) sacrifice of system performance (in achieved Tera OPerations per Second, aka TOPS) can lead to more than a 2x efficiency improvement (in achieved TOPS/TCO). To showcase NeuroMeter’s capability to model a wide range of diverse ML accelerator architectures, we also conduct a followon mini-case study on implications of sparsity on different ML accelerators, demonstrating wimpier accelerator architectures benefit more readily from sparsity processing despite their lower achievable raw energy efficiency.

Flexible pressure sensors are gaining considerable attention as wearable devices to be potentially utilized in human-machine interfaces. However, the preparation of pressure sensors through a simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-efficient fabrication process, remains as a challenge. In this study, we developed a flexible and wearable piezoresistive pressure sensor which consists of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a flexible substrate for printing silver interdigitated electrodes and a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) coated tissue paper as an active material. The PEDOT-Paper pressure sensor showed a sensitivity of 1.7/kPa in the range of 0 to 0.46 kPa, a response time of 240 ms and a recovery time of 306 ms. The potential application of this sensor for human voice detection was also demonstrated by mounting the sensor on the throat of a volunteer and pronouncing the words, “Hello” and “Inha University”. The good repeatability and characteristic curves were achieved for each word, confirming the promising application of the PEDOT-Paper pressure sensor in the field of voice recognition.

Since its first discovery in 2014, laser-induced graphene (LIG) has gained increasingly attention as a simple and low-cost alternative to printing techniques, which instead require additional materials such as functional ink or adhesive layers. While there are several works on LIG supercapacitors, gas sensors, and triboelectric generators, this method is still very unexplored for antennas, especially if realized on eco-friendly paper substrates. In this paper, we realized a microstrip patch antenna using LIG on a food-derived cellulose-based paper. The antenna was first designed and simulated using a High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software, using different values of relative permittivity ϵ r (from 2 to 3.6), to understand the impact of laser-induced graphitization of the substrate on the resonance frequency. The subsequently fabricated antenna showed a strong resonance peak of −25dB at 2.4 GHz, corresponding to an ϵ r of 2.2, in agreement with experimental results.

In this paper, the problem of intelligent test paper generation is discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of current commonly used intelligent test paper generation algorithms are analyzed. By comparing genetic algorithm with ant colony algorithm, it is found that the two algorithms have complementary advantages and they can be integrated organically. On this basis, an intelligent test paper generating strategy based on hybrid genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm is proposed. The experiments show that the convergence speed of hybrid test paper generating strategy is faster than that of single genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm. Compared with single genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm, the efficiency and success of hybrid test paper generating strategy are greatly improved, which has better practicability.

Pulp and paper industry is a highly energy intensive and the drying section of the paper machine consumes 64 % of total energy. The heat of the humid hot air resulting from the drying process has a usable energy potential which has to be recovered and represents a secondary energy resource. This paper analyses efficiency of introducing a complex heat recovery, in three stages, integrated into the drying process of the paper production technology line. The type of recovery used is an interior recuperation in the first and third stage due to the fact the energy contained by the secondary energy resources, namely the heat of the exhausted hot air from the drying process, is recovered within the process itself. In the second stage, the secondary energy resource has an energetic potential since it is used to maintain the microclimate in the industrial hall. The performed energy analysis is leading to conclusions regarding the methodology for establishing the optimal regime of operation.

At present, the protection, inheritation, innovation and development of intangible cultural heritage in China are facing more severe opportunities and challenges. In order to overcome the shortcomings of too rigid and conservative expression, and poor interactive of traditional digital means, the virtual reality (VR) technology is applied to the protection and inheritance of the paper-cut art in this paper. Firstly, a variety of paper-cut basic symbols are put into a database, and then the paper-cut symbols are summarized. Now we put them into computer aided design software of CDDataBase, and we can use CorelDRAW for graphic expression and artistic design. Secondly, the virtual digital museum display system is constructed by using the 3D model database. At the same time we can create a digital platform for Mangshi Dai paper-cut art, in order to maximize the utilization of resources and sharing. Finally, using WeChat, weibo, community sites and other mediums of the Web platform to connect digital Dai paper-cut art with social docking platform can make public deeply understand Dai paper-cut arts. So the VR technology can achieve wide protection and inheritance of Dai paper-cut art.

Among all infections, urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common. Nowadays the procedures to analyze urine and consequently detect UTI are often painful and time-consuming. Recent studies about microfluidic paper-based devices have developed the interest of researchers due their outstanding characteristics. In this paper is presented a novel design for a microfluidic paper-based device for screening and analysis of multiple biomarkers from urine samples on diapers. The device consists on a set of eight layers. It was designed based on the previous attempts to improve and overcome some problems detected as the continuous entrance of fluids, the possibility of contamination and the invalidity of results due to communication between different reagent pads. One approach was create a self-locking mechanism that closes the sample inlet in approximately four minutes solving the first two problems. Furthermore, is important that comfort is guaranteed, hence a device with a total thickness of 5,3 mm is presented. This device can keep the results for eight hours and can be used as a low-cost and more effective alternative than conventional methods being a strategy with potential for the diagnostic and analysis of biological samples in the future improving healthcare., This research is mainly supported by Norsk Regionalt Forskningsfond Oslofjordfondet Prosjekt: Touchsensor for enklere og raskere urinprøvetaking og analyse (proj. no: 234972). The support from Regionale Forksningfond Oslofjordfondet forprosjekt (proj. no. 249017, 255893 and 260586) and Forprosjekt – VRIBEDRIFT Vestfold (proj. no. 252173) is also acknowledged. We are also thankful to the funds from National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 61550110253 and 61650410655), Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology (nos. cstc2016jcyjA2161, cstc2015jcyjA20023), Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission (no. KJ1600604) and Chongqing Innovation Team of Colleges and Universities (no. CXTDX201601025)., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

In this paper, the effects of the human body, bandage, and moisture on the performance of passive UHF RFID tags is analyzed. The tags used for measurements include a commercially available RFID tag and tags developed on paper and rayon bandage substrates, using brush-painted conductive silver ink. In order to evaluate the tags' performance, wireless measurements are done on different body parts, when changing the humidity level, and when increasing turns of bandage. The results show that the bandage-integrated tag antennas can be used in the vicinity of the human body in wound-healing and sensing applications.

This work presents an experimental study of second mode positive streamers propagating along mineral oilpaper interfaces. A point-plane arrangement immersed in mineral oil with the paper inclined 60 degrees to the plane electrode is used to create the liquid-solid interface. Kraft paper and a kraft fibril paper, made from cellulosic micro and nano fibrils, with higher density and lower surface roughness are used as the solid materials. High speed shadowgraphy and charge recordings are used to compare the propagation of second mode positive streamers along the mineral oil-kraft paper and mineral oil-kraft fibril paper. Streamers creeping along the mineral oil-kraft paper interface propagate mainly into the liquid, with one or two main filaments. In comparison, the streamers propagating along the kraft fibril paper show a strong reduction of the branching; these streamers consist of a single filament that propagates exactly on the solid surface. Streamers along the kraft fibril paper also have longer propagation time than for the case with kraft paper. Mutual electrostatic shielding between filaments is observed for the streamers creeping on the kraft paper. An electrostatic analysis of the influence of permittivity, density and surface roughness of the solid in the electrical properties of the streamer filaments is also performed.

In this paper we exploit graphite's thermal absorption properties to drive the process of analyte sampling in paper-based biosensors. Graphite structures can be easily patterned or drawn on paper using a standard pencil and selective heating of the patterned layers can be remotely achieved using a light source. The resulting thermal gradient manifests itself as concentration gradients across the paper substrate which then triggers the flow of analyte to the selective areas. In this paper we have validated this hypothesis using a prototype made out of a low-cost filter paper substrate and a 300mW 808nm remote infrared laser source. Compared to a control paper substrate, we show an increase in temperature by more than 70°C (from 50°C to 120°C) in areas where the graphite is patterned. As a result the proposed prototype is also shown to demonstrate a higher sample-flow rate compared to the control. We anticipate that the proposed remote triggering of sample acquisition would be useful for different variants of paper-based biosensors that need to be integrated inside the food-package.

An investigation has been made on Paper-based substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna operating around 21 GHz. The proposed antenna is an SIW square cavity backed radiating rectangular slot. It has the advantage of ultra low profile which makes it suitable for high integration microwave circuits. In addition, this antenna is well shielded in order to be fabricated for application in emerging wireless communication systems. Moreover, a wide bandwidth of almost 3.5 GHz is achieved and a high gain equal to 1.82dB is noted which is not commonly performed for paper-based antenna.

Biological information can easily be monitored by installing sensors in a lavatory bowl. Lavatories are usually shared by several people, so users need to be identified. Because of the need for privacy, using cameras, microphones, or scales is not appropriate. Though personal identification can be done using a touch panel, the user may forget to use it because the action is not necessary. In this paper, we focus on the differences in the way of pulling a toilet paper roll and propose a system that identifies individuals based on features of rotating of toilet paper rolls with a gyroscope. The evaluation results revealed that 83.9% accuracy was achieved for a five-person group in a laboratory environment, and 69.2% accuracy was achieved for a five-person group in a practical environment.

This work is centered on IMC (Internal Model Control) control system design and its robustness analysis for controlling the basis weight of the paper produced by the paper milll. The headbox has a significant role in a paper mill. It maintains the pressure inside the box and discharges stock at an optimum required speed. In this paper, the robustness of the IMC based controllers will be investigated for the two parameters, setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection. The MATLAB software is used for carrying out all simulations done in this paper.

In today's scenario cloud computing in growing concept in the computer and information technology field for storing the data. Because on the physical storage device whatever the huge amount of data which is sensitive or confidential that cannot be stored. So the cloud computing comes into the picture for storing the data as per their requirement. But if we store the data on cloud it will be easily accessible to all and the confidentiality of that data is not maintained. So for that purpose we are going make the data on the cloud to be secure with the help of cryptography. In this Paper we talk about earlier work in this field of encryption algorithm and the key issues for encrypting the data and decoding the data in cloud environment and proposed the objectives for improving the encryption algorithm and key issues which would help to store the data in cloud environment securely and efficiently. The paper proposed the defined objectives for the secrecy of the data in the storage of cloud computing environment which is the main aspect of our paper.

Cryptography is wide domain with many subs. The objective of this review paper is to give light review for readers and students of the three common used algorithm two in symmetric cryptography DES, AES and one in asymmetric cryptography RSA. Allowing the reader to have simple understanding of the background history of the algorithm in review and the key functional cipher operation of the algorithm. Accordingly summary of strength and weakness of each algorithm under the review will be highlighted. And how the security goals is such confidentiality and integrity are achieve using the mentioned algorithms. The paper will sequentially list and review the said algorithms and clarify the relational between them. Such as the relation between the symmetric and asymmetric algorithm the one with secret key and the ones with key pairs. The paper may insight some of the research window for upcoming scholar research in the field of cryptography.

Research journals usually do not set the deadlines for submission. Therefore, when is the deadline for journal submission and how this deadline related to the date and spatial distribution arise an interesting problem. To reveal the reason behind the formation of research paper deadline could benefit the organization of review process. In this paper, we analyze the papers submitted to the open access journal database Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). According to the 70,000 submission records from 1996 to 2016, the deadline for journal submission is highly related with time (weekends, end of the month and public holidays) and location (different country). Furthermore, a weekend index is proposed according to the paper submission numbers. This index reflects the hardness of researchers from different countries, which corresponds to the general understanding of people. The weekend index also reveals that the researchers are working harder and harder which leads to more paper published. According to the experimental results, weekend, end of the month and holiday effects can be considered as the key reasons that decide deadline of journal paper submission.

Every environment and tool in our lives has been increasingly digitized: watches, cameras, books, magazines, and other stationery goods. Most basic necessities are integrated into a smartphone. The digitization of our live has greatly contributed to the increased convenience. Yet, there are also lost attractions due to digitalization. For instance, people choose analog records for the pursuit of the sound quality and its design, rather than convenience. There are still so many unwelcoming the digitization of living environments and tools. A typical example is "books". While in recent years e-books are rapidly becoming widespread, many people choose "paper books" to enjoy reading. Part of the reason is assumed that reading books is not just about absorbing the information written in them, but it is about enjoying a sense of touch when turning the pages. In this research, we focus on "a sense of physical touch", the feeling of actually turning the pages of a paper book. We also design software and devices that provide users with a "sense of physical touch", often lost when reading an e-book on a smartphone.

All generations of renewable energy systems stepped into a huge evolution around the world. Countries with big potential of gaz and petroleum energies are finally concerned by the potential of this sector and are currently developing it. Algeria has a huge potential in fossil fuels, however, the government aim to exploit the renewable energy potential of the country. Focus is now on the solar energy above other energies sources such as wind energy. This paper will explore the potential of wind energy in Algeria and go through the challenge facing it development. Some recommendations aiming to develop and implement the wind energy are provided.

A waste carbon copies paper (WCCP) can be applied counter electrode, it made from carbon. In this work, The WCCP film counter electrode is particularly focused under the condition rate at 1 g of WCCP. A WCCP film counter electrode will be used to coat on the fluoride-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass and the anode of DSC use TiO 2 film coated on FTO glass. The both electrodes were coated on FTO glass by size 2x3 cm2. The DSC with WCCP film counter electrode is investigated by solar simulator at 250 W/m2. The morphological properties of WCCP film counter electrode were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). There has been found that open circuit voltage (V OC ) was 0.568 V. The short circuit current (I SC ) was 145.23 μA. The use WCCP film counter electrode is sufficient to be built and tested cathode electrode for DSCs application.

This paper is review on image fusion for different technique i.e. Non-subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) and Neural Network (NN). NSCT is the pyramid structure and gives the multiscale feature of the image. NSCT used to directional filtering structure and used to filter bank. Neural network is a progression of calculations that tries to perceive fundamental connections in a bunch of information through an interaction that impersonates the manner in which the human mind works. The implemented algorithm will applied to MRI image and with the help of NN to calculated accuracy. The previous algorithm was work of different technique i.e. principal component analysis, discrete wavelet transorm and curvelet transform. The implemented algorithm will implement MATLAB software and calculate mean square error and peak signal to noise ratio.

This paper proposes an intelligent cockpit based on artificial intelligence technologies such as voice recognition ASR, TTS, NLP, and multi-round dialogue. The cockpit monitors the progress of the distribution network virtual dispatcher and analyzes the decision engine, and replays the virtual dispatcher online. The implementation process and thinking progress of the virtual dispatcher are overall monitored, and the online monitoring and safety monitoring of the operating personnel are supported.

In modern, real-time heterogeneous systems, ensuring the predictability of interconnects is becoming increasingly important. Existing interconnects are mainly designed to achieve high throughput, with their micro-architectures usually based on FIFO queues. This FIFO-based design prevents prioritization of transactions based on their importance, leading to difficulties in ensuring transaction predictability, especially in a system with a large number of system components. In this paper, we introduce AXI-InterconnectRT, a real-time AXI interconnect for heterogeneous SoCs, which redefines the micro-architecture of interconnects by enabling random accesses of buffered transactions and organizing transactions using dedicated hardware units. With the new micro-architecture, AXI-InterconnectRT can manage transactions based on their importance, guaranteeing their predictability.

Time synchronization is a critical task in robotic computing such as autonomous driving. In the past few years, as we developed advanced robotic applications, our synchronization system has evolved as well. In this paper, we first introduce the time synchronization problem and explain the challenges of time synchronization, especially in robotic workloads. Summarizing these challenges, we then present a general hardware synchronization system for robotic computing, which delivers high synchronization accuracy while maintaining low energy and resource consumption. The proposed hardware synchronization system is a key building block in our future robotic products.

Real time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system which is designed to execute tasks in a guaranteed time. In this paper, we introduce SylixOS - a powerful and open source RTOS. As an industrial RTOS, SylixOS has been used in aerospace, military and many more embedded devices. We introduce the development path and some advanced features of SylixOS. In addition, SylixOS also supports the multiprocess. We discuss how SMP scheduling algorithms can be applied in SylixOS. Performance evaluations of SylixOS are presented to assess the real-time efficiency of SylixOS.

Improper Input Validation (IIV) is a software vulnerability that occurs when a system does not safely handle input data. Even though IIV is easy to detect and fix, it still commonly happens in practice. In this paper, we study to what extent developers can detect IIV and investigate underlying reasons. This knowledge is essential to better understand how to support developers in creating secure software systems. We conduct an online experiment with 146 participants, of which 105 report at least three years of professional software development experience. Our results show that the existence of a visible attack scenario facilitates the detection of IIV vulnerabilities and that a significant portion of developers who did not find the vulnerability initially could identify it when warned about its existence. Yet, a total of 60 participants could not detect the vulnerability even after the warning. Other factors, such as the frequency with which the participants perform code reviews, influence the detection of IIV. Preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06251. Data and materials: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3996696.

New generation airborne embedded system has deployed Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) to raise processing capability to meet growing computational demands. Applications in the airborne embedded system have strict real-time constraints. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict timing behaviors of those applications. Many previous work propose GPU performance models to estimate the execution time of applications. However, most of those models do not consider the impact of co-execution on the GPU performance. In this paper, we propose a workload-aware GPU performance model to predict the execution time of applications executed concurrently on a single GPU. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed model can achieve a 5.1%-11.6% prediction error in a real airborne embedded hardware platform.

Wireless communication base stations have strong requirements in flexibility, performance and real-time responsiveness. Building an application-specific lightweight LibOS on a general OS is a good technique to make a balance among real-time responsiveness, performance and flexibility. Compared to traditional ext-kernel systems, the fast progress of virtualization technology brings a more efficient implementation of LibOS. In this paper, we propose a virtualization assisted real-time LibOS system named Tenma for wireless Baseband Unit (BBU). In Tenma, lightweight process virtualization, enhanced isolation between host OS and guest OS, interrupt direct-pass and application specific lightweight scheduling are used to guarantee the requirements of performance and real-time responsiveness while keeping system flexibility. The Tenma system is already in commercial deployment. Experiments in practice prove that it can meet the requirements of wireless base station applications.

Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices can only afford very small batteries due to the size, weight, power and cost constraints. On the other hand, long battery life is expected for such devices, either for improving user experience or due to charging limitations. Therefore, it is critical to reduce the energy consumption of IoT devices. A good opportunity is to save energy on the system level, by letting the system to sleep occasionally. In this paper, we introduce Image Partitioning and Incremental Loading (IPIL), an operating-system-level sleep mechanism used in Huawei LiteOS to reduce the energy consumption of an IoT device. IPIL powers off both the CPU and the main memory during sleep to save as much energy as possible. Thus, system data have to be reloaded after the system wakes up, which may take a long time and thus reduce real-time responsiveness. To solve this problem, IPIL partitions the system image into clusters and incrementally loads the clusters on-demand, reducing the amount of data loading and time overhead in the wake-up step. Experimental results show that IPIL outperforms two widely adopted sleep approaches in terms of energy consumption. At the same time, IPIL offers satisfactory responsiveness with very short wake-up delay. We also present a case study on smart watch to demonstrate how battery life, as a core value of wearable devices, can be improved with IPIL provided by LiteOS.

Correctly specifying system requirement verification strategies plays an important role in Real-time embedded and safety-critical systems development. Traditionally, industries are using document-based/textual artefacts to capture system verification strategies in a way that is highly reliant on efficient communications between system requirement engineers and system verification engineers during systems development iterations. This paper describes a Model-Based System Verification Strategy specification framework and Tools used in Rolls-Royce. The contribution of this framework is 1. improving information reusability; 2. reduced risk of system verification and requirement inconsistency and redundancy 3. improved correlation between system requirements and verification artefacts by sharing the same system models 4. automated support for transformation from document-based system verification to model-based verification.

Constantly increasing botnets powered by vulnerable IoT devices perform record-breaking DDoS attacks to critical infrastructures. Therefore, it is imperative to find vulnerabilities in IoT devices ahead of attackers. In this paper, we first present a systematic analysis on various kinds of IoT malware to further explore the challenges of IoT Honeypot design. We then propose HoneyIoT, a scalable IoT Honeypot framework, which aims at attracting IoT attacks and recording malicious behaviors with configurable vulnerabilities and firmware support. During a 7day real-world industrial experiment, HoneyIoT observed over 12,500 malicious connections and 3,423 distinct login attempts.

In this invited paper, applications for Machine Learning (ML) in several areas of semiconductor manufacturing and test are reviewed and potential opportunities are discussed.

Over the last few years, web data extraction has gained popularity. Product information on the Ecommerce website floods the internet with big data. Web-based business sites these days have gotten one of the most significant hotspots for getting a large amount of relevant data. Wide range of software application designs to extract relevant data from web pages in order to draw in more business. The extracted data can be used for retailer business and data analysis purposes. The web pages on such sites are based on different technologies, and the generated web documents are in structured or unstructured formats. Manually extract such relevant product data and multimedia type Information from the websites is complex and time-consuming. After extraction of data needs to be classified because web content contains unwanted data e.g. design information, advertising content. This paper describes different Procedures for web document classification and extraction.

The rapid growth of Internet technologies and further dependence on online services, increase the demand for keeping these networks and data secure. The protection of online information is becoming even more vital to the national security and economic stability. Recently, network security has become one of the most concerning subjects in the current research and industry fields. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are considered as the backbone for network and data protection. Throughout time, different IDS approaches have been implemented to attain maximum detection accuracy. Machine learning IDS is one of the promising IDS techniques that have been created to detect known as well as unknown attacks. This paper investigates various machine learning techniques used to deploy Network-based Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). This survey could provide a more robust understanding of the existing techniques and assists intrigued researchers to identify research opportunities and investigate more in this direction.

Nowadays, in this digital word text is one the vital knowledge carrier. Text can be perceived as structure of symbols which is accustomed to convey, transfer, or inherit civilization and way of life. It is among the major influential novelties of man kind; text performs crucial role in existence of human being. Text can be seen in all places in our day-to-day life. Thus, obtaining data from text which is present in scenarios of our day-to-day life is important. Processing the text that is present in natural scenario has two primary tasks namely Text identification and Text acknowledgment. The method of taking out text body from the natural scene is called as Text detection whereas the procedure of categorizing the characters from scene image which form expressive words is called as Text recognition. There are so many applications of scene text detection in different fields, e.g., intelligent inspection, blind navigation, industrial automation, automotive assistance, robot navigation, instant translation, automatic driving and product search, etc. Thus, street view text detection and recognition have allured rising research consideration in past few years. This paper as first step focuses on Text detection methods for natural scene images.

International audience; This paper presents a parallel-plate waveguide lens for wide-angle mechanical beam steering. A previously developed ray-tracing procedure is used for designing the quasi-optical system. The feed system is based on gap waveguide technology enabling a simple and rapid mechanical actuation. Validation of the proposed concept is given by numerical results for a Ka-band lens design. A high scanning performance over an angular range of ± 50° with a worst-case scan loss of about 3 dB is achieved. The simulated return loss is greater than 15dB in the 27.5-31 GHz band. The proposed lens beamformer is an attractive ground-segment solution for future Satcom applications. © 2021 EurAAP.

Information technologies have a significant impact on digital development and the advancement of all spheres of life and business. Mobile applications have become a significant resource for raising awareness and using different areas of services. Many institutions have digitized their services, and cultural institutions are increasingly digitally present. This paper presents an application developed for iOS and Android devices that helps tourists in Belgrade, Serbia to explore the city ’s museums.

Data warehouse systems (DWSs) are widespread in business organizations, but their usage in education is lower compared with others sectors. The experiences of DWSs usage in complex business organizations can be applied in education organizations, too. Pandemic challenges forced the faculties to change the paradigms of education and to make full transition towards online learning. In order to evaluate the teaching-learning process and to compare its outcomes within traditional and remote settings data from different sources would be analyzed. In the paper we present a pilot project of a DWS for monitoring the students' accomplishment of course requirements in the lecturing process, both within the traditional and distance learning environment. We present: the data sources, data Extraction/Transform/Load process, database schema of DWS, and examples of reporting functions for data analysis processes.

As part of preventative maintenance and start-up activities, electrical test equipment is brought into an Electrically Safe Work Boundary to perform testing to confirm the functionality of the system and critical components. When the test equipment is performing the test, a voltage or current is applied to the electrical equipment, thus destroying an electrically safe work condition. This paper will evaluate the potential sources of power that test equipment can supply to equipment, determine which test sets could be considered hazardous, and how qualified workers can protect themselves from these hazards.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) uses the term “employee in charge” 12 times in their regulations. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, 70E® uses the terms “employee” or “person in charge” 28 times. The National Electrical Safety Code (NESC) uses the term seven times. The term is important in all three documents, yet none of them define it. This paper offers an analysis of the use of the term in these documents, and details why that role is critical to safe work practices on or near electrical conductors and circuit parts, with particular focus on its function in high voltage work.

One of the challenges faced by employers and workers is determining the appropriate rating of arc flash personal protective equipment (PPE) when an engineering calculation has not been performed. Some standards include tables to assist the user in selecting arc flash PPE for specific equipment types and voltage ranges. However, to use these and similar tabular methods requires the user to determine the fault current and the fault clearing time. Determining these values is at best difficult for the electrical worker, and in some circumstances, all but impossible. This paper discusses a proposed simplified table method to determine the required arc flash PPE requirements based on a constant-energy boundary, and alternatives considered in the process of creating the proposed table. The method requires identification of readily available electrical system characteristics in addition to the nominal voltage and equipment type to use the table. The method does not require the user to calculate the available fault current or determine fault clearing times. The method also addresses the effect of electrode configuration on the incident energy introduced in IEEE 1584™-2018 Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations and low arcing current, which are currently unaccounted for in the tables commonly used today.

Standards developed by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) are a very important source of information for electrical safety programs and safe electrical installations for a very large number of individuals and organizations. They are widely used by many countries around the world. NFPA 70®, National Electrical Code®, (or NEC®), and NFPA 70E®, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace® are two more commonly known examples, although there are many others. NFPA has a well-established process for the development of new standards and for periodic review and revision of existing ones. Understanding this standards development and revision process is important to everyone involved with electrical safety. It follows a defined set of rules and regulations that moves the standards through the process, and that also encourages participation from members of the public. Most people are not aware of what this process is, or that it encourages public participation. The process is open to anyone and the more involvement from affected individuals, the better the resulting standards. Everyone has their own knowledge, experiences and expertise. All are valuable and should be included in the process. The objective of this paper is to increase a person's knowledge of the process, including explaining how anyone can get involved and encouraging them to do so.

The electrical industry has greatly evolved over the past several decades. Originally, there was no such thing as a “safety culture”. Now, hundreds of the industry's leading minds show up annually for a full week to learn, listen, and exchange ideas for stopping electrical incidents and injuries in the workplace. Under normal operations, most companies have adopted the “Safety First” mantra. In 2020, the world was faced with something it had never seen before; a modern-day pandemic. This completely changed the way that we here in the United States were able to conduct business. When circumstances change so rapidly even on a day to day basis and people's businesses and the ability to support their families are put on the line, is safety still first? In this paper, we will discuss the struggles of operating a business and keeping employees as safe as possible during the 2020 SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) (COVID-19) Pandemic. We linked with other professionals and centers of excellence from around the world in the electrical sector to advance our mission of a Safety-First culture. The innovations required involved human performance best practices to overcome these substantial barriers to everyday work tasks. The US Department of Homeland Security deemed the Energy Sector as critically essential. They stated, “The U.S. energy infrastructure fuels the economy of the 21st century. Without a stable energy supply, health and welfare are threatened, and the U.S. economy cannot function [1].” The electrical industry could not shut down in this crisis. Our industry needed to adapt, in real-time, to the environments they were in. Engineers, technicians, and electricians dealt daily with this new hazard that they could not see, interestingly not unlike electricity. The ongoing respect for electricity that our employees have always had, along with the ability to adapt quickly in innovative ways made it possible to still provide this essential work to keep the country moving.

This paper looks at the process and problems the authors encountered when developing and standardizing PPE levels and task-specific risk assessments for a multinational company that operates large facilities with complex electrical systems around the world. The obstacles of synchronizing a coherent electrical safety program with national standards, international test methods and certification processes and even different language for arc flash/electric arc/electrical arc were resolved to provide consistent requirements that met a corporate NFPA 70E/OSHA 1910.269 program adapted to EU and other international norms. These risk assessment learnings will provide an extremely effective tool for minimizing risk and protecting workers, when applied correctly. For this to happen, personnel of all levels need to have a clear understanding of the company's expectations when it comes to assessing risk and selecting PPE for a given task. The company can accomplish this by standardizing PPE criteria and risk assessments for common tasks on a given piece of equipment. Doing so requires a significant amount of upfront and ongoing work, but will greatly reduce the chance of errors in common tasks and provide a template for future risk assessments.

Troubleshooting, testing, and tuning are words synonymous with energized work due to infeasibility (NFPA 70E 130.2(A)(2)). As such, the hazards associated with troubleshooting are often assumed to be a fact of life one must accept. These hazards are even often overlooked while performing such work. Energized troubleshooting presents significant added challenges to safe work, as it represents the knowledge-based mode, often with error precursors built in when the non-working equipment is holding up production. This paper examines the troubleshooting subject with suggestions on safer troubleshooting work methods for existing installations along with design considerations that follow the hierarchy of controls to reduce the hazards for new and modified installations.

We proposed a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based approach to reconfigure the multicast sessions in an elastic optical network (EON) adaptively. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposal maintains the optimality of light-trees with less reconfigurations and reduces blocking probability.

In order to automate the task of correcting handwritten subjective answers, we envision a system that reads such answers and grades them. In this project, we have created a mobile application to achieve this task. We have used the RAKE algorithm to extract key-phrases, which are then embedded using Word2vec model and compared using Word Mover's Distance. Our created model achieved almost human like evaluation accuracy. We have also provided accessibility features to the users with the aim of making this application a one-stop solution to automatic evaluation of handwritten subjective answers.

Wireless communications via reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are envisioned to offer unprecedented spectral efficiency gains by smartly inducing phase shifts on the impinging electromagnetic waves at the RIS to reconfigure the underlying propagation environment. This work investigates a multi-user downlink communication system in which the access point, equipped with multiple antennas, serves its associated single-antenna users equipments (UE) with the help of RIS. The proposal is a leakage-based design in which the transmit precoding, the power allocation, and the phase shifts of the RIS, are designed to maximize the minimum signal-to-Ieakage-plus-noise power ratio (SLNR) of the UEs subject to the constraint on the power budget of the access point. The merits of the SLNR-based approach are highlighted, e.g., reduced complexity, and simulation results show that the RIS-aided design can achieve massive MIMO gains with much fewer number of active antennas in the access point as compared to conventional relaying.