Author: "School of Archaeology [Oxford]" / Publisher: hal ccsd - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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23 results on '"School of Archaeology [Oxford]"'

1. Settlement dynamics, subsistence economies and climate change during the late Holocene at Nunura Bay (Sechura Desert, Peru): A multiproxy approach

Author: Valentina Villa, Nicolas Bermeo, Antoine Zazzo, Christine Lefèvre, Philippe Béarez, Denis Correa, Elise Dufour, Aurélie Manin, Lucie Dausse, Belkys Gutiérrez, Segundo Vásquez, Aurélien Christol, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Nicolas Goepfert, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie des Amériques (ArchAm), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford, Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Île-de-France, DIM Matériaux anciens et patrimoniauxFyssen FoundationInstituto Francés de Estudios Andinos, ANR-11-LABX-0046,Dynamite,Dynamiques Territoriales et spatiales(2011), ANR-15-CE27-0002,CAMELANDES,Les sociétés préhispaniques face à leur environnement : variations spatiales et diachroniques du pastoralisme andin (100-1470 apr. J.-C.)(2015), and ANR-10-LABX-0003,BCDiv,Biological and Cultural Diversities : Origins, Evolution, Interactions, Future(2010)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Abstract: Long considered on the margins, far from the major cultural traditions, the Sechura Desert is situated at the crossroads between the cultures of southern Ecuador and those of the northern Peruvian coast and preserves a large number of varied archaeological sites. Despite this evidence, little is known about the societies that inhabited this region during the Holocene. Exposed to natural hazards, including El Niño events, and to major climatic changes, they were able to adapt and exploit the scarce resources that this extreme environment offered them. Because of this rich history, we have been conducting archaeological research in this region since 2012 in order to clarify the dynamics of human occupation and their links with climate oscillations and environmental changes. This paper present the results of a multidisciplinary study of Huaca Grande, a mound located on Nunura Bay, 300 m from the Pacific Ocean. The nature of the human occupations at Huaca Grande was varied, and several adjustments occurred over time. The subsistence economy was based mainly on local marine resources and a continual use of terrestrial vegetal resources. However, a major change occurred in the more recent occupations, with the apparition of non-local resources (maize and cotton) indicating that Huaca Grande was connected to trade networks. The results show two main phases of occupation separated by a long abandonment (mid-5th century CE to mid-7th century CE and mid-13th century to mid-15th century CE). The occupation of the site appears to have been influenced by changes in the local climate and by extreme El Niño events. Our results highlight the great adaptability of these human groups over the span of a millennium and their capacity to react to the climatic changes and hazards that characterise this region.
Published: 2023

2. From photogrammetry to radiocarbon dating; investigating hafting adhesives on stone tools using a multi-analytical approach

Author: Thibaut Devièse, Marabel Riesmeier, Thomas Higham, Margaret-Ashley Veall, Dominique Bonjean, Richard Allen, Jamie Cameron, School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Bodleian Lib, Osney One Bldg, Oxford OX2 0EW, England, Centre de recherches de la grotte Scladina, Université de Liège, and University of Oxford
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 060102 archaeology, Context (language use), 06 humanities and the arts, Integrated approach, 01 natural sciences, Hafting, Archaeology, law.invention, Photogrammetry, law, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Hafting adhesives play a crucial role in the study of composite objects such as hunting weapons. However, they tend to degrade rapidly and, when they exceptionally preserve, they represent only micro remains. Over the last 20 years, different techniques have been applied to study such hafting residues. These techniques include optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. Hafting adhesives have also been radiocarbon dated in some cases. Here, we present a multi-analytical approach using these techniques as well as photogrammetry and FTIR spectroscopy. Our integrated approach, combining these six techniques in a strategic order, allows us to document, characterise chemically and date hafting adhesives. We applied this methodology to a set of stone tools discovered in Sart-Saint-Laurent (Belgium) without any archaeological context. This multi-analytical work revealed that several of the tools have been hafted with a heated Pinaceae resin around the 2nd-4th century CE, although some of the artefacts can be attributed to the Neolithic. More generally, this work demonstrates the complementary nature of all the techniques employed and their crucial contribution to fully elucidate hafting techniques.
Published: 2020

3. A guide for an anatomically sensitive dentine microsampling and age-alignment approach for human teeth isotopic sequences

Author: Julia A. Lee-Thorp, Andrea Czermak, Teresa Fernández-Crespo, Peter Ditchfield, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Grant/Award Number: DFG246602782, British Academy (Newton International Fellowship), Grant/Award Number: NF170854, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Grant/Award Number: DFG246602782, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement, Grant/Award Number: 790491, John Fell Fund, University of Oxford, Grant/Award Number: EBD10940-151/102., and Fernandez-Crespo, Teresa
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Tertiary dentine, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Incremental growth, Anthropology, Physical, Young Adult, stomatognathic system, medicine, Humans, Cementum, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Carbon Isotopes, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Nitrogen Isotopes, Infant, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Diet, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Child, Preschool, Anthropology, Temporal resolution, Dentin, Secondary dentine, Age Determination by Teeth, Anatomy, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Tooth, Geology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: International audience; ObjectivesStable isotope analysis of sequential dentine samples is a potentially powerful method to reveal insights into early life-histories of individuals in the past. Dentine incremental growth structures are complex, however, and current approaches that apply horizontal sectioning of demineralized tooth halves or quarters risk combining multiple growth layers and may include unwanted cementum or secondary dentine. They also require destruction of large parts of a tooth. Here, we present a less destructive and relatively straightforward protocol that reduces damage, increases temporal resolution, and improves the accuracy of age-alignment between individuals.Material and methodsWe outline a protocol that includes the sampling of small (1 mm diameter) cylindrical plug transects from a thin section, along with an age-alignment scheme predicated on average growth rates for dentine areas.Results and discussionThe proposed protocol is readily applicable and more anatomically sensitive than horizontal slicing. Micro-samples are smaller (in both length and depth), hence minimizing temporal overlap and avoid directions that may contravene growth pattern. They completely avoid areas where secondary and tertiary dentine or cementum can be deposited. Age-alignment is improved by using growth ratios of anatomical tooth zones.ConclusionThis method minimizes destruction, enables finer temporal resolution and facilitates data comparison. It can be readily combined with fluorescence imaging-based or other pre-screening methods of dentine collagen preservation.
Published: 2020

4. Datation croisée (U-Th et radiocarbone) de concrétions fuligineuses, modélisation bayésienne de la durée des phases d'occupation et fuliginochronologie

Author: Ségolène Vandevelde, Adelphine Bonneau, Edwige Pons-Branchu, Jacques Brochier, Tom Higham, Christophe Petit, Ludovic Slimak, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Histoire de l'art et archéologie (UP1 UFR03), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Archéologies environnementales, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

5. Installations de la fin du Paléolithique moyen de la Grotte Mandrin, Malataverne, (Drôme). Fouille programmée triennale 2019-2021. Second rapport intermédiaire

Author: Slimak, Ludovic, Arnold, Lee, Buckley, Mike, Camus, Hubert, Demuro, M., Frouin, Marine, Giraud, Yves, Higham, Tom, Joannes-Boyau, R., Metz, Laure, Muth, Xavier, Puig, Céline, Vandevelde, Ségolène, Yvorra, Pascale, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Department of Anthropology [Havard University], Harvard University [Cambridge], Archéologies environnementales, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Histoire de l'art et archéologie (UP1 UFR03), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Service Régional de l’Archéologie Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, University of Oxford, Harvard University, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Published: 2020

6. Molecular profiling of Peru Balsam reveals active ingredients responsible for its pharmaceutical properties

Author: Szu Shen Wong, Matthew Johnston, Thibaut Devièse, Erika Ribechini, John Betts, Marabel Riesmeier, Margaret-Ashley Veall, Marco Mattonai, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Keele University [Keele], Royal Pharmaceut Soc, London, England, School of Archaeology [Oxford], and University of Oxford
Subjects: Myroxylon balsamum, Peru Balsam, Plant Science, Q1, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, Ointments, allergy, antimicrobial, Meso- and Southern America, Peru, Humans, Medicine, Healing wounds, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Active ingredient, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Balsams, Myroxylon, integumentary system, Traditional medicine, 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Antimicrobial, R1, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact, Peru balsam, business, Topical ointment
Abstract: Peru Balsam, a resinous substance derived from Myroxylon balsamum var. pereirae, has historically been used as a topical ointment for various skin conditions such as scabies, poorly healing wounds, eczema, and haemorrhoids. The ingredients responsible for these properties are not fully elucidated. We investigated the chemical composition of two Peru Balsam samples, one historical and one modern, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to identify the active ingredients responsible for its pharmaceutical properties. Both Peru Balsam specimens investigated had similar compositions, showing the stability of the substance. Components identified are effective against scabies, exhibit antimicrobial activity and aid skin penetration. These properties are consistent with historical uses of Peru Balsam. Several ingredients are also known allergens. This study, combining chemical information with scientific literature related to pharmaceutical properties of natural substances, represents a breakthrough in the elucidation of active ingredients in Peru Balsam.
Published: 2020

7. Fuliginochronology: a new way of studying fire events chronicles in archaeological sites. Example of the Grotte Mandrin during glacial period

Author: Vandevelde, Ségolène, Bonneau, Adelphine, Brochier, Jacques, Petit, Christophe, Slimak, Ludovic, Archéologies environnementales, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Histoire de l'art et archéologie (UP1 UFR03), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Auréade Henry, Marine Vanlandeghem, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, University of Oxford, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: glacial period, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, cold climate, carbonates, neanderthal, soot, fire
Abstract: Poster presented at: PACE - Prehistoric Adaptations to Cold Environments, Jan 2019, Nice, France.XXIIe colloque du GMPCA, Session : Ô temps suspend ton vol : chronologies et datations, Mai 2019, Montréal, Canada.YRA 3 - 3rd Young Researchers in Archaeometry, Sept 2019, Nanterre, France.; International audience; ***Poster presented at:*** · PACE - Prehistoric Adaptations to Cold Environments, Jan 2019, Nice, France.· XXIIe colloque du GMPCA, Session : Ô temps suspend ton vol : chronologies et datations, Mai 2019, Montréal, Canada.· YRA 3 - 3rd Young Researchers in Archaeometry, Sept 2019, Nanterre, France.___In this poster, we will introduce a pioneer method for studying fire traces left by human groups in an archaeological site. This method is called Fuliginochronology, from Latin fuliginosus, fuligo: soot, fuliginous, and from Greek khrônologia: chronology. It consists of studying the succession of soot deposits trapped in a matrix. Here we will only develop the cases of soot trapped in carbonate deposits and more specifically in speleothems. In the particular case of an archaeological site like a rock shelter or a cave, these fuliginous calcite deposits (i.e. stalagmite, parietal crust, flowstones) are a record of past human occupations, which can be enumerated (Vandevelde et al. 2017; 2018; Vandevelde et Dupuis 2017). Rhythms of human occupations in a site can also be recorded. This pioneer method is based on high-resolution observation of soot layers trapped in calcite deposits and of the speleothems themselves, coupled with complementary analyses (only characterisation of soot by SEM and Raman analyses will be presented here).The poster will focus on an example in the Rhône Valley : the Grotte Mandrin, during glacial period, where fire use by Neanderthal is common on this site.*References*· Vandevelde, S., Brochier, J.É., Petit, C., Slimak, L., 2017. Establishment of occupation chronicles in Grotte Mandrin using sooted concretions: Rethinking the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. Journal of Human Evolution 112: 70-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.07.016· Vandevelde, S., Brochier, J.É., Desachy, B., Petit, C., Slimak, L., 2018. Sooted concretions: A new micro-chronological tool for high temporal resolution archaeology. Quaternary International 474(B): 103-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.10.031· Vandevelde, S., Dupuis, C., 2017. Voyage au bout de la suie. Chroniques des occupations humaines à la Grotte Mandrin [Ashes to ashes, soot to soot. Human occupations chronicles at Grotte Mandrin site], in : Cleyet-Merle, J-J., Shunkov, M.V., Le troisième Homme, Préhistoire de l’Altaï [The third Man, Prehistory of the Altaï], exhibition, Musée National de Préhistoire, Les Eyzies-de-Tayac, video : https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/medihal-01580618
Published: 2019

8. Metabolomics reveals diet-derived plant polyphenols accumulate in physiological bone

Author: Thibaut Devièse, Peter Ditchfield, Beatrice Whitham-Agut, Miguel Sipin, Angela Trentacoste, James S. O. McCullagh, Jennifer A. Tripp, Robert E. M. Hedges, Jacob Studholme, Maria Grazia Cappai, Isabelle Alldritt, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and University of Oxford [Oxford]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Phytochemicals, Sus scrofa, Human bone, lcsh:Medicine, Mineralization (biology), Bone health, Biochemical assays, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolomics, Limit of Detection, Osteogenesis, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Element cycles, Ingestion, Animals, Bone formation, Femur, Bone, lcsh:Science, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, lcsh:R, Polyphenols, food and beverages, Feeding Behavior, Animal Feed, In vitro, 030104 developmental biology, Durapatite, Biochemistry, Polyphenol, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract: Plant-derived secondary metabolites consumed in the diet, especially polyphenolic compounds, are known to have a range of positive health effects. They are present in circulation after ingestion and absorption and can be sequestered into cells within particular organs, but have rarely been investigated systematically in osteological tissues. However, a small number of polyphenols and similar molecules are known to bind to bone. For example alizarin, a plant derived anthraquinone and tetracycline (a naturally occurring antibiotic), are both absorbed into bone from circulation during bone formation and are used to monitor mineralization in osteological studies. Both molecules have also been identified serendipitously in archaeological human bones derived from natural sources in the diet. Whether an analogous mechanism of sequestration extends to additional diet-derived plant-polyphenols has not previously been systematically studied. We investigated whether a range of diet-derived polyphenol-like compounds bind to bone using untargeted metabolomics applied to the analysis of bone extracts from pigs fed an acorn-based diet. We analysed the diet which was rich in ellagitannins, extracts from the pig bones and surrounding tissue, post-mortem. We found direct evidence of multiple polyphenolic compounds in these extracts and matched them to the diet. We also showed that these compounds were present in the bone but not surrounding tissues. We also provide data showing that a range of polyphenolic compounds bind to hydroxyapatite in vitro. The evidence for polyphenol sequestration into physiological bone, and the range and specificity of polyphenols in human and animal diets, raises intriguing questions about potential effects on bone formation and bone health. Further studies are needed to determine the stability of the sequestered molecules post-mortem but there is also potential for (palaeo)dietary reconstruction and forensic applications.
Published: 2019

9. Corrigendum to 'Dating the Middle Palaeolithic deposits of La Quina Amont (Charente, France) using luminescence methods' [Journal of Human Evolution 109 (2017) 30–45]

Author: Norbert Mercier, Thomas Higham, Anne Delagnes, Marine Frouin, Hélène Valladas, Christelle Lahaye, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, RLAHA, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, 060101 anthropology, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Human evolution, Anthropology, 0601 history and archaeology, Luminescence, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

10. The complementarity of luminescence dating methods illustrated on the Mousterian sequence of the Roc de Marsal: A series of reindeer-dominated, Quina Mousterian layers dated to MIS 3

Author: Vera Aldeias, Shannon P. McPherron, Norbert Mercier, Joséphine Tuquoi, Marine Frouin, Harold L. Dibble, Dennis Sandgathe, Paul Goldberg, Kristina Jørkov Thomsen, Alain Turq, Guillaume Guérin, Christelle Lahaye, Mayank Jain, Pierre Guibert, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Archaeology, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Service Nutrition Clinique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)
Subjects: Single grain OSL, 010506 paleontology, Pleistocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Context (language use), Middle Palaeolithic variability, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Paleontology, 0302 clinical medicine, Lithic technology, Cave, Sequence stratigraphy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Thermoluminescence dating, Mousterian, 15. Life on land, Archaeology, Dose rate heterogeneities, Luminescence dating methods (TL, OSL, IRSL), Quina Mousterian, Geology, Chronology
Abstract: Located in southwest France, Roc de Marsal is a cave with a rich Mousterian stratigraphic sequence. The lower part of the sequence (Layers 9–5) are characterized by assemblages dominated by Levallois lithic technology associated with composite faunal spectra (including red deer, roe deer and reindeer) that shows a gradual increase in the frequency of reindeer. The top of the sequence (Layers 4–2) are characterised instead by Quina lithic technology (both in terms of technology and typology) with the faunal remains dominated by reindeer. Roc de Marsal thus provides a very interesting case study to place behavioural changes in a context of changing climates and environments in western Europe during the late Pleistocene. To link the occupations at Roc de Marsal with global and regional climatic conditions known independently, a robust chronology is needed. With this aim in mind, we applied three luminescence dating methods (TL, OSL and IRSL) on different minerals (flint, quartz and K-feldspar extracts). Here the results of two of these methods are presented in detail (TL and OSL) and compared with preliminary IRSL data. At Roc de Marsal, a comparison of methods was necessary to overcome a complex sedimentary history, with very heterogeneous dose rate distributions, both at the beta (mm) and gamma (dm) dose rate scales. The results indicate that the lower Levallois layers are dated to ∼65–70 ka, while overlying Quina layers are dated to ∼49 ka. These ages for the lower layers fit well with some models that place mixed faunal assemblages in the initial MIS 4; however, while the Quina ages overlap with several other Quina assemblages from the region, they place the reindeer dominated fauna well after the peak cold of MIS 4 and suggest a more extended and complex period of contemporaneous lithic techno-complexes than posited by some current models.
Published: 2017

11. An improved radiofluorescence single-aliquot regenerative dose protocol for K-feldspars

Author: Sebastian Kreutzer, Christelle Lahaye, Marine Frouin, Michel Lamothe, Norbert Mercier, Sebastien Huot, Anne Philippe, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), ANJA (ANJA), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-11-LABX-0020,LEBESGUE,Centre de Mathématiques Henri Lebesgue : fondements, interactions, applications et Formation(2011)
Subjects: Protocol (science), 010506 paleontology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Stratigraphy, Mineralogy, Geology, 01 natural sciences, Signal, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Fading, Biological system, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Measuring the infrared radiofluorescence (IR-RF) signal of K-feldspars, which is thought to be not affected by any anomalous fading, potentially provides a promising alternative dating approach to the more studied IR and pIRIR signals. Here we report a series of experiments aimed at characterising the IR-RF signal, which led us to propose an improved IR-SAR (Infrared Radiofluorescence Single-Aliquot Regeneration) protocol. In comparison with the original protocol from Erfurt and Krbetschek (2003a), the proposed one relies on IR-RF signal measurements and bleaching experiments conducted at elevated temperatures. Stabilising the temperature at 70 °C during the measurements helps keeping the very shallow traps empty during the process. Internal protocol tests and dating applications are presented using known age samples. We show that the improved protocol (named RF70) is capable to reproduce known age results within uncertainties. However, considering the slow bleaching rate of the RF70 signal, the multi-grain approach is likely not the most suitable for the De determination of complex samples.
Published: 2017

12. Bondi Cave and the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic transition in western Georgia (south Caucasus)

Author: Edwige Pons-Branchu, Sébastien Nomade, Reuven Yeshurun, Marie-Hélène Moncel, Alexander Muskhelishvili, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Thomas Higham, Gérard Poupeau, David Lordkipanidze, David Pleurdeau, Dominique Genty, Maka Bokeria, Monique Pierre, Tamar Agapishvili, Nikoloz Tushabramishvili, Hervé Bocherens, Marine Frouin, Ron Pinhasi, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), School of Archaeology, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Zinman Institute of Archaeology [Haifa], University of Haifa [Haifa], Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford [Oxford], IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut für Geowissenschaften, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), The National Museum of Georgia, Musée national de Géorgie, Gouvernement de Géorgie, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Département de Préhistoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche sur les archéomatériaux (IRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], and University of Oxford-University of Oxford
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Provenance, Pleistocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Sequence (geology), Paleontology, Lithic technology, Cave, law, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography, 060101 anthropology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geology, 06 humanities and the arts, 15. Life on land, Archaeology, Chronology
Abstract: The late Pleistocene expansion of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) into Eurasia and the concurrent demise of the Neanderthals appears to be a complex and regionally variable process. The southern Caucasus region, with its rich cave-sites, has recently provided important results regarding this process. In this paper we report on the results of fieldwork in Bondi Cave, Western Georgia, providing a new radiocarbon chronology, stratigraphic observations, analyses of lithic technology and provenance, faunal and floral remains as well as paleoenvironmental data. The cave includes Middle Palaeolithic (ca, 45,000 ka cal. BP) cultural horizons and a long Upper Palaeolithic sequence (ca. 40,000–27,000 cal. BP from layer V to IV). A modern human tooth was found in layer Vb. We estimate its age at 39,000–35,800 Cal BP (95.4%), based on the Bayesian age model we built. If the context of the tooth is reliable, as we think it is, this would make it the oldest morphologically modern human in the Caucasus. Upper Palaeolithic hunting of tur and bison, as well as the collection of various plants including flax is attested. Mobile Upper Palaeolithic foragers inhabited the cave in generally cold and dry periods, but a mosaic of environments, including forests and meadows, was nonetheless available to them. The archaeological sequence of Bondi and adjacent sites indicates a substantial time gap between the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic occupations, thus disproving Neanderthal-AMH interaction in this area and lending support to a replacement scenario in the southern Caucasus, assuming of course that the Early Upper Palaeolithic (EUP) is related to the arrival of AMHs.
Published: 2016

13. Large-scale tectonic cycles in Europe revealed by distinct Pb isotope provinces

Author: Blichert-Toft, Janne, Delile, Hugo, Lee, Cin-Ty, Stos-Gale, Zofia, Billström, Kjell, Andersen, Tom, Hannu, Huhma, Albarède, Francis, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Rice University [Houston], Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), University of Oslo (UiO), Geological Survey of Finland, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Geological Survey of Finland = Geologian tutkimuskeskus tuottaa (GKT), Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre (LST), Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Department of Geosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], and University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Lead isotopic systematics of U-poor minerals, such as sulfides and feldspars, can provide unique insights into the origin and evolution of continents because these minerals ''freeze in'' the Pb isotopic composition of the crust during major tectonothermal events, allowing the history of a continent to be told through Pb isotopes. Lead model ages constrain the timing of crust formation while time-integrated U/ Pb, Th/Pb, and Th/U ratios shed light onto key geochemical processes associated with continent formation. Using 6800 Pb isotope measurements of primarily lead ores and minor K-feldspar, we mapped out the Pb isotope systematics across Europe and the Mediterranean. Lead model ages define spatially distinct age provinces, consistent with major tectonic events ranging from the Paleozoic to the Proterozoic and latest Archean. However, the regions defined by time-integrated U/Pb and Th/Pb ratios cut across the boundaries of age provinces, with high U/Pb systematics characterizing most of southern Europe. Magmatic influx, followed by segregation of dense sulfide-rich mafic cumulates, resulted in foundering of U-and Th-poor lower crust, thereby changing the bulk composition of the continental crust and leading to distinct timeintegrated U-Th/Pb provinces. We show that the tectonic assembly of small crustal fragments leaves the crust largely undifferentiated, whereas the formation of supercontinents results in fundamental changes in the composition of the crust, identifiable in time and space by means of Pb isotope systematics. Observations based on Pb isotopes open up a new perspective on possible relationships between crustal thickness and geodynamic processes, in particular the role of crustal foundering into the mantle and the mechanisms responsible for the existence of cratons.
Published: 2016

14. Exploring human responses to climate change in Mediterranean and Atlantic North Africa using oxygen and carbon stable isotopes from small mammal teeth

Author: Jeffrey, Amy, Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Parfitt, Simon, Barton, Nick, Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil, Denys, Christiane, El Hajraoui, Mohamed Abdeljalil, Nespoulet, Roland, Lee-Thorp, Julia, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and STOETZEL, Emmanuelle
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; Taforalt and El Harhoura 2, two archaeological cave sites located respectively on the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Morocco, preserve a long, well stratified sequences of human occupation dating back >100ka. These important Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA) archaeological sequences are used to examine the impact of past climate change on human cultural behaviour in North Africa. Palaeoclimate records suggest that climate in North Africa has oscillated strongly since the Last Interglacial between periods of humidity and aridity. As the majority of palaeoclimate information in the Mediterranean region of North Africa is from indirect sources such as marine cores, in this research we sought to develop a terrestrial proxy record for past humid/arid shifts on the Mediterranean and Atlantic coast of Morocco using stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from Gerbillinae (gerbil) teeth. The results from the stable isotope analysis of gerbil teeth from Taforalt and El Harhoura 2 show that the LSA occupation at both sites is associated with an aridfication of climate indicated by a positive oxygen isotope excursion at El Harhoura 2, and the expansion of C4 vegetation in the region around Taforalt. The MSA occupation appears to be related to humid periods during MIS 5 at El Harhoura 2, and relatively more arid events during the Last Glacial at both sites.
Published: 2015

15. What do the stable isotope composition of small mammal tissues reflect in semi-arid and arid environments?

Author: Jeffrey, Amy, Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Denys, Christiane, Lee-Thorp, Julia, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and STOETZEL, Emmanuelle
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, fungi, parasitic diseases, humanities
Abstract: International audience; The stable isotope composition of small mammal tissues has the potential to provide excellent records of terrestrial palaeoclimate, because their remains are found in large abundances in the Quaternary record, and they have small home ranges. However, there is a lack of modern analogous studies on wild small mammal populations, meaning little is understood about their isotope ecology. In this paper we report the δ18O, δ13C and δ15N composition of modern Gerbillinae teeth and bone collagen from across a rainfall gradient in semi-arid and arid environments in NW Africa, to explore the influence of moisture availability and aridity on the isotope composition of small mammal tissues. The δ18O composition of the Gerbillinae teeth is strongly correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAP), because of the animals reliance on water from food. However, when MAP is ~≥600mm aridity has less of an influence on the δ18O of Gerbillinae teeth, and they appear to reflect the δ18O composition of local meteoric water. The δ13C of the Gerbillinae teeth and bone collagen are strongly correlated, even though both tissues reflect different temporal periods. There is a marked distinction between the C3 plants consumed by the gerbils in mesic and arid locations, however there is high variation in the δ13C composition of the tissues at some sites caused the highly localized microhabitat that the gerbils represent. The δ15N composition of the Gerbillinae bone collagen does not reflect aridity in this region, and instead reflects the δ15N composition of the diet.
Published: 2015

16. Stable isotope analysis of modern small mammals from Morocco: implications for reconstructing palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate

Author: Jeffrey, Amy, Denys, Christiane, Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Lee-Thorp, Julia, STOETZEL, Emmanuelle, La 6ème extinction - Influence de l'installation des hommes modernes au Maroc sur l'évolution de la biodiversité des petits vertébrés terrestres - - Mohmie2009 - ANR-09-PEXT-0004 - La 6ème extinction - VALID, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-09-PEXT-0004,Mohmie,Influence de l'installation des hommes modernes au Maroc sur l'évolution de la biodiversité des petits vertébrés terrestres(2009), University of Oxford [Oxford], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: stomatognathic diseases, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, stomatognathic system, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, parasitic diseases, fungi
Abstract: National audience; Small mammal remains from archaeological sites provide an excellent tool for reconstructing palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate as they are abundant in the archaeological record, have small home ranges and prefer specific habitats. In this study we evaluate the stable carbon and oxygen isotope composition of small mammal teeth as a reflection of local climate and environmental conditions, with theaim of assessing their use as a terrestrial proxy climate record in North Africa. Modern Gerbillus, Meriones and Mus teeth and bones, collected from mesic, semi-arid and arid environments across Morocco, were analysed for their δ13C and δ 18O, and δ 13C and δ 15N composition respectively. The results show oxygen isotopes in Gerbillus and Meriones tooth enamel are sensitive to changes in rainfall and relative humidity, with mammal teeth in more arid sites displaying higher oxygen isotope values relative to sites located in the mesic coastal zone. This is best explained by small mammals strong reliance on plant water, hence their bodywater and tooth enamel is highly sensitive to evaporative enrichment in plants under xericconditions. The carbon isotopes in the Gerbillus and Meriones tooth enamel display greater isotopic variability and likely reflect the vegetation within the mammal’s microhabitat. In Gerbillus, Meriones and Mus δ 15N appears insensitive to changes in aridity. Based on isotopic comparisons between individual Gerbillus and Meriones molar and incisor teeth, we find that molar teeth should be used in palaeoenvironmental reconstructions because these teeth consistently reflect the spring/summer breeding season. In contrast, incisors, which form continuously throughout the year, show increased isotopic variability in the proxy record. From this study we conclude that both oxygen and carbon isotopes in small mammal teeth are sensitive to environmental conditions in North Africa.
Published: 2015

17. New insights into a Late-Pleistocene human occupation in America: The Vale da Pedra Furada complete chronological study

Author: Gisele Daltrini Felice, Anne-Marie Pessis, Marine Frouin, Ignacio Clemente-Conte, A. Da Costa, Christine Hatté, Guillaume Guérin, Niède Guidon, Christelle Lahaye, Michel Fontugne, Eric Boëda, Mario Pino, Antoine Lourdeau, Marina Pagli, Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Universidad Austral de Chile, Fundaçao Museu do Homem Americano (FUMDHAM), UNIVASF, Petrolina, Brazil, universidade federal do vale do sao francisco (univasf), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), University of Oxford, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pliocène et au Pléistocène (AnTET), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Radiocarbon dating, 010506 paleontology, Vale da Pedra Furada, Pleistocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Luminescence dating, Stratigraphy, Context (language use), America, Luminescence datation, Ecological succession, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0601 history and archaeology, Functional studies, Pléistocène, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060102 archaeology, Thermoluminescence dating, National park, site archéologique de Pedra Furada au Brésil, Geology, 06 humanities and the arts, Quartz, Archaeology, Sedimentary rock, First settlements, radiocarbone
Abstract: Within the framework of the studies focusing on the Pleistocene peopling of the Americas, our French-Brazilian team has undertaken a pluridisciplinary research on different archaeological sites, inside and in the neighborhood of the Serra da Capivara National Park, in Brazilian Nordeste. The present study regards an archaeological site, Vale da Pedra Furada, situated in the Piauí state in Brazil. The results of technological and functional studies suggest the existence of different successive human occupations during the Pleistocene in this region. Moreover, the geological and geomorphological studies shed new light on our understanding of sedimentary processes and confirm that the levels were not subject to any significant post-depositional processes. This is also confirmed by macro- and micro-analysis of quartz artefact surfaces. The chronological study has recently been completed employing both radiocarbon and luminescence techniques; radiocarbon dates were obtained on charcoal, multi-grain and single-grain OSL ages on sedimentary quartz grains. The results obtained with the different methods are consistent with each other: the most recent archaeological level is dated to around 8 ka and the oldest to 24 ka, indicating the open-air site of Vale da Pedra Furada to be a succession of human occupations beginning from OIS 2. These results are discussed in the context of some archaeological sites studied in the Serra da Capivara National Park of the last few decades., Authors would like to thank Bordeaux-Montaigne University (PSE 2014), the Conseil Régional d'Aquitaine, the FUMDHAM (Fundacão Museu do Homem Americano), the CNPq and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for funding. This project benefited from French State help managed by the French Research National Agency under the Investissements d'Avenir Program (reference ANR-10-LABX-52). Thanks also due to B. Berthier, J-P Dumoulin and C. Moreau for LMC14-AMS facilities at Saclay, and to J. Faure for precious help in preparing luminescence samples.
Published: 2015

18. A Late Pleistocene record of palaeoaridity from El Harhoura 2, Morocco: evidence from oxygen and carbon stable isotopes in Gerbillinae teeth

Author: Jeffrey, Amy, Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Nespoulet, Roland, El Hajraoui, Mohamed Abdeljalil, Barton, Nick, Denys, Christiane, Lee-Thorp, Julia, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STOETZEL, Emmanuelle, School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; El Harhoura 2, an archaeological cave site on the Atlantic coast of Morocco preserves a long, well stratified sequence of human occupation dating back to the last Inter-glacial . The Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA) archaeological contents of the cave can be used to assess the impact of past climate change on human cultural behaviour in North Africa. Palaeoclimate records in the region suggest that climate in North Africa has varied strongly since the Last Interglacial between periods of humidity and aridity. A palaeoenvironmental record based on the ecology of the microfauna already exists for the site, so in this research we sought to develop an independent proxy for past aridity shifts on the Atlantic coast of Morocco using stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from Gerbillinae (gerbil) teeth. The oxygen and carbon isotope records suggest that El Harhoura 2 experienced an episode of humidity, possibly during MIS 5e/5c, and the climate became more arid from MIS 5a onwards throughout the Last Glacial. Although both the microfauna and stable isotope records show the same general climatic trends, there are crucial discrepancies between levels in these records defined as ‘humid’ and ‘arid’.
Published: 2014

19. Exploring human responses to climate change in North Africa using oxygen and carbon stable isotopes from small mammal teeth

Author: Jeffrey, Amy, Barton, Nick, Denys, Christiane, Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil, Lee-Thorp, Julia, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), ANR-09-PEXT-0004,Mohmie,Influence de l'installation des hommes modernes au Maroc sur l'évolution de la biodiversité des petits vertébrés terrestres(2009), STOETZEL, Emmanuelle, La 6ème extinction - Influence de l'installation des hommes modernes au Maroc sur l'évolution de la biodiversité des petits vertébrés terrestres - - Mohmie2009 - ANR-09-PEXT-0004 - La 6ème extinction - VALID, School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, University of Oxford, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; Available evidence indicates that climate in North-West Africa has varied strongly since the Last Interglacial between periods of humidity and aridity, along with expansions and contractions in the northern fringe of the Sahara Desert. This research explores past humid and arid climate shifts in North Africa over the last 100ka using stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from small mammal teeth excavated from archaeological cave sites located on the Mediterranean coastal plain of Morocco. Here we present modern and pilot archaeological stable isotope data from Meriones and Gerbillus that demonstrate patterned isotope variability across mesic and arid environments, and temporal shifts indicating moisture changes in the past.
Published: 2014

20. More questions than answers: the Southeast Asian Lead Isotope Project 2009–2012

Author: Nigel Chang, Bérénice Bellina, Ernst Pernicka, Pranab Chattopadhyay, Vin Laychour, Andreas Reinecke, Sandrine Baron, Christophe Pottier, Jean-Pierre Pautreau, Joyce C. White, Vincent C. Pigott, Thomas Oliver Pryce, Charles Higham, Mark Pollard, Thongsa Sayavongkhamdy, Surapol Natapintu, Viengkeo Souksavatdy, Eusebio Z. Dizon, Viet Nguyen, Aung Aung Kyaw, Ian Glover, Peter Bellwood, Elizabeth G. Hamilton, Préhistoire et Technologie (PréTech), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Australian National University (ANU), James Cook University (JCU), Centre for Archaeological Studies and Training (CASTEI), National Museum of the Philippines, University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Culture and Fine arts (MCFA), Silpakorn University [Bangkok, Thaïlande], Geometry and Probability for Motion and Action (E-MOTION), Laboratoire d'informatique GRAphique, VIsion et Robotique de Grenoble (GRAVIR - IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), CEZA, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, University of Pennsylvania, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO), Deutsches Archäologisches Institut (DAI), Department of national heritage, Ministry of Information and Culture, Department of Museums, Historic Buildings and Archaeology, Ministry of Information and Culture, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Silpakorn University, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], University of Oxford [Oxford], Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), and University of Oxford
Subjects: Economic integration, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, education.field_of_study, 060102 archaeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Population, Lead isotope, 06 humanities and the arts, Present day, Consumption (sociology), Southeast asian, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Southeast Asia, Interconnectedness, Eurasian technology transmission, Geography, Economy, Cultural diversity, 0601 history and archaeology, China, education, Copper-base metal exchange, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; As in most parts of the world, ancient Southeast Asian metal production and exchange has been accorded great importance as a cultural and technological development with far-reaching economic and political impacts. Here we present the results of the Southeast Asian Lead Isotope Project's 2009–2012 research campaign, a systematic effort to empirically reconstruct regional metal exchange networks and their attendant social interactions c. 1000 BC–c. 500 AD. The study's morpho-stylistic, technological, elemental and isotopic datasets cover early metal production (minerals and slag) and consumption (Cu, Cu–Sn, Cu–Pb, Cu–Sn–Pb alloys) assemblages from thirty sites in eight countries. These data have either identified or substantiated long-range maritime and terrestrial exchange networks connecting Han China and Mauryan India with most of continental Southeast Asia. The variety and intensity of the attested metal exchange behaviours hints at a dynamic and innovative 1st millennium BC regional economy and the vibrant exchange of cultural practices amongst populations separated by thousands of kilometres. Important too is the provision of indirect evidence for intra-regional economic integration between the Southeast Asia's metal-consuming lowland majorities and metal-producing upland minorities. Southeast Asia has a comparable surface area and present day population to Europe, and thus our efforts represent only the beginning for diachronic and multi-scalar metal exchange research. However, archaeometallurgical methodologies have the potential to greatly improve our understanding of Southeast Asia's vast cultural diversity and interconnectedness. With this paper we lay the framework for such an endeavour and, we hope, define the major questions for its next phase.
Published: 2014

21. Installations de la fin du Paléolithique moyen de la Grotte Mandrin, Malataverne, (Drôme): Fouille programmée annuelle 2014, Document de synthèse

Author: Slimak, Ludovic, Brochier, Jacques, Camus, Hubert, Natàlia, Égüez, Frouin, Marine, Giraud, Yves, Higham, Thomas, Metz, Laure, Rabanit, Manon, Vandevelde, Ségolène, Yvorra, Pascale, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Processus de Transfert et d'Echanges dans l'Environnement - EA 3819 (PROTEE), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, RLAHA, SRA Rhône-Alpes, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], and University of Oxford-University of Oxford
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Published: 2014

22. Bayesian modelling of an absolute chronology for Egypt's 18th Dynasty by astrophysical and radiocarbon methods

Author: Michael W. Dee, G. Pierrat-Bonnefois, É Aubourg, C. Bronk Ramsey, Anita Quiles, Christophe Moreau, B. Berthier, G Andreu-Lanoë, Emmanuelle Delqué-Količ, Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 (LMC14 - UMS 2572), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée du Louvre, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], and University of Oxford-University of Oxford
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 060102 archaeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Bayesian probability, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Archaeological science, law.invention, Ancient egypt, Absolute (philosophy), law, Prior probability, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chronology, Accelerator mass spectrometry
Abstract: Only a few astrophysical points and synchronisms listed in texts provide anchor points for the absolute chronology of Ancient Egypt. At first we will show how we can re-calculate some of these anchor points by using Sothic dating based on the arcus visionis method, and modelling lunar dates using a Bayesian approach. Then, we will discuss two radiocarbon studies carried out on short-lived Egyptian materials held at the Louvre Museum that could be attributed to particular reigns or other precise periods. Using a Bayesian approach, these dates were combined with the known order of succession and the lengths of reigns. Sothic and lunar dates were integrated as priors in the model. This approach has led to a new proposal for the absolute chronology of Egypt's 18th Dynasty.
Published: 2012

23. The Rozel Shelter (France, Manche): A living floor of the youngest Middle Paleolithic in its geomorphological context

Author: van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte, Cliquet, Dominique, Auguste, Patrick, Folz, Elise, Keen, David, Schwenninger, Jean-Luc, Mercier, Norbert, Alix, Philippe, Roupin, Yves, Meurisse, Murielle, Seignac, Hélène, Sédimentologie et Géodynamique (FRE 2255), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Normandie (DRAC Normandie), Laboratoire de Génétique et Evolution des Populations Végétales, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Le Bourg, 56 420 Billio, Processus et bilan des domaines sédimentaires (PBDS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Oxford [Oxford], and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, foyers, environnement tempéré, habitat, Levallois, cer- vidés, Paléolithique moyen, quartz, débitage laminaire volumétrique, dune, plage, silex, Mots-clés : Cotentin, aurochs, morse, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: International audience; Situé sur la côte ouest du Cotentin (Manche), le site du Rozel a livré un complexe de deux niveaux d'occupations anthropiques. L'abri sous-roche conservait les vestiges d'un habitat comportant des structures de combustion, du mobilier lithique et fait exceptionnel dans le Cotentin des restes osseux. L'ensemble s'inscrit dans une formation dunaire sus-jacente à une plage ancienne. Initialement attribué à un Périgordien ancien, le site a fait l'objet d'une « relecture » visant à préciser son attribution chronostratigraphique et chronoculturelle. Le Rozel est actuellement le seul gisement de Basse-Normandie a avoir livré une industrie lithique à composante mixte. Les matières pre-mières utilisées sont le quartz filonien prélevé à l'intérieur même de l'abri, et les galets de silex prélevés dans les cordons littoraux actifs à l'époque. Les générations successives de grands cordons littoraux formés au fur et à mesure de la régression weichsélienne ont été enfouies très rapidement par le massif dunaire, ne permettant plus l'exploitation de leur contenu, riche en nodules propices à la taille. Le débitage apparaît orienté, dans les deux niveaux, vers la production d'éclats prédéterminés (principalement Levallois) et d'enlèvements allongés. Un schéma opératoire laminaire de type paléolithique supérieur a été mis en évidence dans le niveau supérieur, lié à l'occupation principale de l'abri. Le site intègre l'ensemble des gisements à industrie laminaire de gestion volumétrique du début du Dernier Glaciaire. La faune représentée témoigne de conditions environnementales plutôt tempérées où l'aurochs, les cervidés et dans une moindre mesure les chevaux dominent. L'originalité du site réside dans la présence d'un fragment mandibulaire de morse, associé à l'occupation, témoignant de conditions subarctiques temporaires. L'analyse des vestiges de faune atteste de travaux de boucherie (découpe, fracturation des os longs) et traduit diffé-rents modes d'acquisition, ou des traitements particuliers en fonction des espèces. La convergence des observations effectuées dans les différentes disciplines indique que les occupations du site du Rozel se rapportent à la phase récente du Paléolithique moyen du début du dernier glaciaire weichselien et non au Paléolithique supérieur initial. ABSTRACT THE ROZEL SHELTER (FRANCE, MANCHE) : A LIVING FLOOR OF THE YOUNGEST MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC IN ITS GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CONTEXT Located on the Western coast, the Rozel provided an archaeological complex characterized by two occupation levels. The shelter has preserved traces of a habitat with combustion structures, lithic tools, and faunal remains, an exception on the Cotentin peninsula. The settlement is located in littoral dune upon a complex raised beach. Initially attributed to an Early Perigordian occupation, this site has been reinvestigated from a stratigraphic and cultural point of view. The Rozel shelter is the only occupation in the region presenting a mixed lithic industry. The raw materials used for tools are vein quartz found inside the
Published: 2006

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23 results on '"School of Archaeology [Oxford]"'

1. Settlement dynamics, subsistence economies and climate change during the late Holocene at Nunura Bay (Sechura Desert, Peru): A multiproxy approach

2. From photogrammetry to radiocarbon dating; investigating hafting adhesives on stone tools using a multi-analytical approach

3. A guide for an anatomically sensitive dentine microsampling and age-alignment approach for human teeth isotopic sequences

4. Datation croisée (U-Th et radiocarbone) de concrétions fuligineuses, modélisation bayésienne de la durée des phases d'occupation et fuliginochronologie

5. Installations de la fin du Paléolithique moyen de la Grotte Mandrin, Malataverne, (Drôme). Fouille programmée triennale 2019-2021. Second rapport intermédiaire

6. Molecular profiling of Peru Balsam reveals active ingredients responsible for its pharmaceutical properties

7. Fuliginochronology: a new way of studying fire events chronicles in archaeological sites. Example of the Grotte Mandrin during glacial period

8. Metabolomics reveals diet-derived plant polyphenols accumulate in physiological bone

9. Corrigendum to 'Dating the Middle Palaeolithic deposits of La Quina Amont (Charente, France) using luminescence methods' [Journal of Human Evolution 109 (2017) 30–45]

10. The complementarity of luminescence dating methods illustrated on the Mousterian sequence of the Roc de Marsal: A series of reindeer-dominated, Quina Mousterian layers dated to MIS 3

11. An improved radiofluorescence single-aliquot regenerative dose protocol for K-feldspars

12. Bondi Cave and the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic transition in western Georgia (south Caucasus)

13. Large-scale tectonic cycles in Europe revealed by distinct Pb isotope provinces

14. Exploring human responses to climate change in Mediterranean and Atlantic North Africa using oxygen and carbon stable isotopes from small mammal teeth

15. What do the stable isotope composition of small mammal tissues reflect in semi-arid and arid environments?

16. Stable isotope analysis of modern small mammals from Morocco: implications for reconstructing palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate

17. New insights into a Late-Pleistocene human occupation in America: The Vale da Pedra Furada complete chronological study

18. A Late Pleistocene record of palaeoaridity from El Harhoura 2, Morocco: evidence from oxygen and carbon stable isotopes in Gerbillinae teeth

19. Exploring human responses to climate change in North Africa using oxygen and carbon stable isotopes from small mammal teeth

20. More questions than answers: the Southeast Asian Lead Isotope Project 2009–2012

21. Installations de la fin du Paléolithique moyen de la Grotte Mandrin, Malataverne, (Drôme): Fouille programmée annuelle 2014, Document de synthèse

22. Bayesian modelling of an absolute chronology for Egypt's 18th Dynasty by astrophysical and radiocarbon methods

23. The Rozel Shelter (France, Manche): A living floor of the youngest Middle Paleolithic in its geomorphological context

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23 results on '"School of Archaeology [Oxford]"'

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