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Dollar spot caused by the fungal pathogen Clarireedia jacksonii is one of the most common and damaging foliar pathogens of low-cut golf course turf. This disease is of importance from both an economic and functional aspect. Putting greens can become very inconsistent playing surfaces if the disease is left untreated and aesthetics are also unacceptable for end users. Five commercially available fungicide products on a fourteen day spray interval were compared with an untreated control in this study to determine efficacy. Plots were challenged with inoculum to ensure disease pressure was consistent across all treatments. Turfgrass populations and percent disease damage were determined using point-quadrat method. NDVI and turf colour and quality were also recorded at 7 and ~13 days post-treatment applications. All plots treated with fungicide performed similarly and had significantly less damage from the pathogen than the untreated control. Significant differences in NDVI, turfgrass colour and quality were observed. Nufarm

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are applied to economically significant turf on golf courses to control height, reduce frequency of mowing operations, and enhance playing surface consistency. This study compared Anuew (prohexadione-calcium), Primo Maxx (trinexapac-ethyl) and experimental PGR NAI-20026 on turfgrass growth and quality parameters on a mature bentgrass/annual bluegrass greens height stand of turf. On many occasions throughout the experiment, PGR treatments significantly reduced turfgrass growth when compared to the untreated control and improved turfgrass quality and colour ratings. A rate effect was also detected in the experiment and NufTE (experimental NAI-20026) performed similarly to Primo on both the GDD and 4-week application schedule and often were ranked the same for many parameters throughout the experiment. No stress symptoms (yellowing, etiolation) were observed on the putting green turf in response to PGR application during hot/dry weather at any point during the experiment. Nufarm

Moss populations are economically damaging and challenging to control on golf course putting surfaces. This study compared commercially available herbicides to the industry standard (Quicksilver) to determine effectiveness of controlling moss populations on a sand putting green. Moss plug diameter measurements were conducted pre-treatment and three times throughout the experimental period to determine effects on moss growth. Visual ratings using the NTEP scale were conducted post-treatment for quality measures. No significant changes in moss plug diameter were observed in the experiment; some moss plug colour differences were observed. Turfgrass phytotoxicity was observed in response to product application. Further research is recommended to further evaluate the treatments as hot and dry conditions throughout the experiment may have negatively impacted moss growth, rain following the second treatment application may have had an effect on the results observed, and naturally occurring silvery thread moss populations may respond differently to the treatments. Nufarm

Plant growth regulators are used on golf courses to maintain the height of turfgrasses on greens and fairways. This study investigated the effectiveness of existing and new formulants of trinexapac-ethyl on mixed stands of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and annual bluegrass (Poa annua) on a golf green and fairway. Plant growth regulation was determined by measuring clipping biomass 8-10 days after treatment and NDVI and quality ratings were also recorded to assess plant health. On the golf green, there were no significant differences in dry weight between the control and treatments of trinexapac-ethyl. The NDVI readings showed significant differences between the control and treatments on June 27, August 14, August 29, September 05 and September 12. For the visual ratings, only one of the treatments was significantly different than the control. On the fairway, there was a significant difference in dry weight between the control and treatments on June 28. There were significant differences in NDVI readings between the control and treatments on June 27, July 4, July 11, July 20, and July 25. There were significant differences in colour ratings between the control and treatments during most of the study period except for June 15 and July 25. The different treatments of trinexapac-ethyl performed similarly in their effects on turfgrass growth, NDVI and visual quality ratings. ADAMA Canada Ltd.

Improving drought stress tolerance helps the turfgrass survive with limited amount of water. This study compared various performance measures of L-93 creeping bentgrass maintained at fairway height using different products in a greenhouse setting. Turfgrass quality measures were taken using NTEP visual ratings and NDVI readings. Clipping collections and root mass were taken to assess plant biomass. Realtime water loss measures were taken to assess drought tolerance through transpiration. There were statistically significant differences in turfgrass quality using NTEP ratings and NDVI readings between the treatments and control. There were no statistically significant differences in plant biomass and root mass between the treatments and control in Phase a) of the experiment. There were statistically significant differences in plant biomass and root mass between the treatments and control in Phase b) of the experiment. There were few statistically significant differences in transpiration levels between the treatments and control. Overall, the products performed similarly in terms of drought stress tolerance. Suncor

The objective of this research project was to determine the release and sustainable growth maintenance of different fertilizer on turfgrass maintained at fairway heights. Data collected included visual color, quality, and clippings biomass and N content and canopy reflectance (NDVI). Koch Agronomic Services

The objectives of this research project were to i. Evaluate the effectiveness of different formulas in time through a fertilization program. ii. Compare efficacy of new formulations against a positive control. iii. Assess the safety of different formulations. Data collected included the duration and strength of the color response following applications of the tested products, turf quality, uniformity, and density, and resistance of the turf to disease and other stresses. Ferti-Technologies Inc.

The objective of this research project was to compare the effects of the sponsor’s organic fertilizer products on performance, especially disease tolerance, of established creeping bentgrass/annual bluegrass putting green turf on a sand rootzone with a reduced fungicide program. Assessments on turf performance were done through visual assessments on turf colour, quality, density, and uniformity, as well as through canopy reflectance using normalized-different vegetation index (NDVI). Occurrence of dollar spot disease was also measured through visual assessments, lesion counts, point quadrat counts, and digital image analysis. Other than an effect of fungicide application, no significant differences were found between treatments. TerraBioGen

The objective of this research project was to compare the effects of various rates of the sponsor’s organic fertilizer products on performance, root and shoot growth of established creeping bentgrass/annual bluegrass fairway turf on a sand rootzone under a reduced fertilizer program. Turf performance data was collected through visual ratings of colour, quality, density, and uniformity as well as through canopy reflectance reading using normalized-difference vegetation index (NDVI). Root system growth was also measured by taking core samples and measuring dry weights. No significant treatment effects were detected in the experiment. TerraBioGen

The objective of this trial was to determine the efficacy of a mycorrhizal inoculant to influence establishment of creeping bentgrass at three different phosphorus rates. Root Rescue

The objective of this research project was to determine the efficacy of formulations of Trichoderma harzianum on dollar spot disease and general performance of creeping bentgrass turf maintained as a putting green. Biophytec/Olivier Besnard

The objective of this research project was to determine the effects of the sponsor's fertilizer programs on dollarspot disease and general performance of creeping bentgrass putting green turf maintained at fairway height. Two experiments were involved in this trial. The first included 9 treatments which were a combination of two fertility programs and five fungicide programs. An unfertilized check treatment was also included. The second involved three treatments (CSN, UMAXX, and Tru-Prill 16-2-15) with an untreated control. Treatments were applied to 1 x 2 m plots of creeping bentgrass turf maintained as a fairway at the Guelph Turfgrass Institute (mowing at 9 mm, irrigation to prevent stress). While the treatments in Part 1 with NPK fertility included generally performed better with respect to canopy reflectance than fungicide, fungicide/amendment, or untreated control, the difference was not strong. The rank order of the treatments taking the seasonal mean of canopy reflectance was: Tru-prill+fung 2, Tru-prill+fung 1 > CSN, Fungicide 3 > Fungicide 1 >Tru-prill > Tru-prill+fung 3, Fungicide 2, Untreated control > Fungicide 4. All treatments in Part 2 had significantly better canopy reflectance than the control week after application. This pattern persisted for about a month, at which point the effect of CSN and the Mineral Builder treatments were not statistically different from the control. The rank order of these treatments taking the seasonal mean of canopy reflectance was: UMAXX, CSN > Mineral Builder > Untreated control. Plant Science

The following study evaluates an experimental plant growth regulator on creeping bentgrass in comparison to Primo MAXX on golf course turfs. The optimum rate for the experimental PGR was tested for as well as an evaluation on crop and turf safety. After initial treatment, there was a significant decline in the uniformity and quality of the turfs that received treatment. The decline was attributed to the response of treatment in the mix of creeping bentgrass, altering the colour. Overall all treatments resulted in a decrease in shoot tissue growth. With significant differences in the high rates of PGR at 0.28 and 0.56 kg ai/ha, reducing growth by 68 to 76% during the trial. The smallest deviation in normal plant shoot growth came from the lowest rate PGR; reducing the growth rate by only 34%. BASF Corporation

This research was designed to determine the efficacy of formulations of Trichoderma harzianum as a biocontrol for dollar spot disease on creeping bentgrass turf. Prepared inoculum was applied to the turfgrass at various times throughout the season when dollarspot disease is prevalent. Canopy reflectance data illustrated significant differences among treatments for both Rounds 1 and 2. Differences among canopy reflectance were attributed to dollarspot pressure. NDVI was show to be a useful estimator of the effect of dollar spot on turf quality. While infection of Round 1 was successful, and showed expected disease symptoms, Round 2 was infected much later in the season and only developed mild symptoms of the disease. From the data collected from Round 1, there was significant evidence of some treatment differences by the end of the season. Biophytec / Dr. Olivier Besnard

This experiment was designed to determine the efficacy of wetting agents against localized dry spot, effects on soil moisture content, and on root system growth and health in creeping bentgrass putting green turf. Soil moisture readings, NDVI, and general environmental data were collected from May to September 2010. Water droplet penetration tests were conducted on 4 soil cores from each plot to determine the penetration test timings for each sample core. Due to the unusually wet summer, irrigation was withheld from the plots for the last few months of the trial to accommodate for environmental conditions. NDVI values confirmed visual inspections of the plots, indicating that treated plots performance was consistently higher than that of the control, but there was little difference between the treated groups. Hydrophobicity tests indicate that the rootzone of the plots remains severely hydrophobic. These levels of hydrophobicity were only relieved by treatments at or near the surface. The 2x NCF-091 treatments performed best overall based on the water drop penetration tests and canopy reflectance data. Norac Concepts Ltd.

The objectives of this project were to a) evaluate an experimental plant growth regulator (PGR) for reduction of grass biomass in comparison with an industry standard PGR in golf course turf (creeping bentgrass/Poa annua mixture at 9 mm fairway mowing height), and b) to determine appropriate rates for experimental PGR competitive to the industry standard rate and to evaluate crop safety on turf. The trial involved established creeping bentgrass/annual bluegrass fairway type turf on sandy loam soil. Treatments consisted of the sponsor's product at several rates applied monthly. An untreated check as well as an industry standard treatment was also included. Color response and general vigor of the turf was assessed using canopy reflectance (chlorophyll meter or Greenseeker NDVI and R/NIR). No growth regulator treatments produced a consistent reduction in shoot tissue growth relative to the untreated check, and in fact on many dates the growth rate in treated plots was greater than in the untreated control. This differs from the previous year, when there were some slight decreases in growth detected in some treatments. None of the treatments had a negative effect on turf color or quality (assessed by canopy reflectance and visually). United Agri Products Canada Inc.

The intent of this study was to establish the efficiency of wetting agents when applied to creeping bentgrass on a putting green turf with high sand rootzones. Data was collected on the wetting agents' effect on soil moisture, localized dry spots, root system, NDVI, and general environmental data. During the greatest periods of stress, all the liquid wetting agents provided significant relief to LDS when compared to the control group whereas granulated wetting agents did not show significant changes from the control. This pattern is consistent for canopy reflectance data, and soil moisture. General rankings of treatments are as follows: Response 3 > Liquid 2x > Liquid 1x > Liquid 1/2x > Granulated 2x > Granular 1x > Granular 1/2x > Control. Hydrophobicity treatments to the soil effects are inconsistent and patchy. United Agri Products, Ltd.

This study was conducted to test the effects of a sponsored fertilizer containing micronutrients on Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass. The data was collected on the shoot and root growth, turf performance and tissue nutrients within the shoot system. The root system in the turf pots with no additional NPK started to decline after the second trial and was therefore harvested. The turf pots receiving NPK continued in the trials. The results show that both species NPK fertility rates and rootzone had a great effect on root growth. 2 of the creeping bentgrass treatments had a greater number of shoots and root growth than the Kentucky bluegrass. Overall the liquid carboxy used in treatments had a greater increase on the chlorophyll index, root growth and shoot growth than the other treatments. Enviro-sol

This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of an experimental plant growth rate regulator against an industry-standard PGR on creeping bentgrass (Poa annua) in golf course turf. Crop tolerance, crop safety, phytotoxicity, canopy reflectance, shoot dry matter accumulation, biomass reduction, turf quality, density, uniformity, and disease resistance were also measured. Plots treated with LI6279 had higher average seasonal growth rates although the values were close enough to be considered not statistically significant. Overall all the treatments had a neutral or positive effect on turf quality and colour. United Agri Products Canada Inc.

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the efficiency of a wetting agent on a localized dry spot of creeping bentgrass in a putting green turf. The hydrophobicity, soil moisture, root system growth and plant health were also evaluated. 7 different treatments and a control group were evaluated in this study. The treatment of a wetting agent to the localized dry spot occurred in late September due to the weather conditions of the 2009 summer. Significant effects from treatment were seen on canopy reflectance and volumetric water content. Indicating plant health and photosynthetic activity. No strong pattern from the wetting agent, however OARS 5 and PBS150 1x treatment performed slightly worse than others on NDVI. Slight effects on hydrophobicity due to treatment appeared in the rootzone at 0 and 1cm depths. Aqua-Aid, Inc

Dollar spots are tan patches of grass that are caused by disease and drought. This study tested the efficiency of the sponsor’s fertilizer on dollar spot disease in creeping bentgrass on a putting green turf. Data was also collected on the colour, strength, quality, density, uniformity and the turf's resistance to disease. It was concluded that all treatments had positive statistical significance in reducing dollar spots over the control. Treatment with Protocol and Enfoss was seen to have the greatest decrease in the dollar spots, however, it was concluded that all treatments left an unacceptable level of dollar spot disease. Plant Science

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the sponsored fertilizer in reducing dollar spot disease, as well as its general effects on the growth of creeping bentgrass in putting green turf. Three treatment fertilizers were tested and compared to a control group. Dollar spot disease was seen in all the treatments after the first 2 weeks of treatment; with the least amount of dollar spots in the TruePrill treatment plots. The average NDVI values through the trial were as follows: TruPrill> microprilled urea > Clubgreen > untreated control. The results concluded that the TruPrill and microprill urea treatments performed significantly better in turf colour, canopy reflectance, and quality than the Clubgreen treatment and control. The overall effectiveness of the treatments was determined to be as followed: TruPrill> microprill urea > Clubgreen > untreated control. Plant Science

This study was conducted to test an experimental fertilizer’s effects on dollar spot suppression in creeping bentgrass in putting green turf. 4 treatments were applied including a control group. A clear improvement in the number and size of dollar spots was observed after 2 applications of treatments including TruPrill. This was greater than one application of the Clubegreen treatment. The results of the study found that in general the treatments involving TruPrill were significantly better quality over the Clubgreen treatment and control with fewer dollar spots present in the turf. The club green treatment had greater quality than the control group at the beginning of the experiment however, the improvement disappeared by the end of the trials. Plant Science

This study evaluates the effectiveness of four different rates of Wormcast (23 kg, 46 kg, 116 kg and 231 kg/100m2) in comparison to several control treatments in the control of snow mold disease Separate plots were inoculated with Typhula incarnata, Typhula ishikariensis, and Microdochium nivale snow molds. Treatment was applied in the fall before the first snowfall. Phytotoxicity and Biotic plus abiotic injury were measured on a weekly basis one the snow melted till greenup. The highest rates of phytotoxicity were seen in the Wormcast treatment. Plots inoculated with Microdochium nivale saw significant suppression of injury, although higher rates also saw higher rates of disease. Reworks

The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of the sponsor's fertilizer when added to creeping bentgrass with a high sand rootzone. 8 varieties of the sponsor's fertilizer at different concentrations and volumes were tested and compared to a control group. The general observations concluded that the treated plots performed higher than the control with 2x plots on average performing higher than plots treated once. More specifically fertilizers IHS 71152 and IHS 63241 performed well all season in both 1x and 2x. IHS 71151 was rated low at the beginning of the season for both 1x and 2x application but by the end of the season, the NDVI value was the highest for IHS 71151 2x treatment. IHS 63242 was low in both groups thought the whole season. Innovative Hort Solutions, LLC

This study investigated the performance of a sponsored fertilizer when applied to creeping bentgrass in a soil rootzone. Data was collected on colour response, turf quality, uniformity, density, and resistance to diseases. Significant colour difference was seen for 75 days post fertilizer treatment. All treatments established better results than the untreated control, with the 2x groups generally fairing better than the 1x groups. The relative rankings based on canopy reflection are as follows: ihs 63246-2x > ihs 63241 -2x > ihs 63248-2x > ihs 632410-2x > ihs 63249-2x > ihs 63245-2x > ihs 63247-2x > ihs 632412-1x > ihs 63245-1x > ihs 63248-1x > ihs 63255-2x > ihs 632410-1x > ihs 63247-1x > ihs 63256-2x > ihs 63246-1x > ihs 71153-2x > ihs 71153-1x > ihs 63249-1x > ihs 71156-1x > Control. Innovative Hort Solutions, LLC

This study compared the effectiveness of a sponsor's fertilizer against an industry-standard when applied to creeping bentgrass on putting green turf. 5 treatments were applied, 3 of which were the sponsor's fertilizers, 1 industry-standard (IBDU) and 1 control plot. Data was collected over the colour, strength, turf quality density, uniformity, and resistance to disease, stress, and weeds. The plots that received treatment fared better than the control plot throughout the entire season but especially at the end. Plots that received only 1 application of fertilizer yielded good results at the bedding of the season but then dropped over time. Plots receiving 2 applications of treatment yielded more consistent results throughout the entire season, and plots receiving 4 treatments had the highest positive results. The industry-standard fertilizer had larger N rates than the experimental treatment which was correlated with increased leaf tissue growth. NuGros Ltd

This study evaluates three different treatments provided by the sponsor made from Disarm 480SCapplied in increments of 5 or 10 ml per100m2 and TM48101 for biological control applied at 16 g/100m2compared against a control. The study test for the best control of anthracnose disease when it is caused by Colletotrichum graminicola creeping bentgrass. One day after the first treatment all plots were inoculated with the pathogen at 10 g/m2 one day then again after 2 weeks and 4 weeks into the trial. Weekly ratings were taken throughout the trial. Data collected over the trial concluded that there was a 0% average in disease levels for inoculated plots, and no phytotoxic levels detected. Arysta Life Science

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of six chemical treatments when applied to creeping bentgrass in a golf fairway setting in efforts to control fusarium path disease. Low levels of injury were observed at the beginning of the trial left from the winter. Slight phytotoxicity levels were observed on 04 May, 10 May, and 18 May, resulting from the PC Turf Product #1. 04 May showed Turf Product #1 with 7.5% significant suppression of injury when it was compared to the control plot. Overall a greater pressure of disease would have allowed for a more precise assessment of the experiential chemical treatment. Petro Canada

The following study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a sponsor's fertilizer against an industry-standard when applied to creeping bentgrass in a high sand rootzone. Data was collected on colour response, turf quality, uniformity, density, and resistance to diseases. 6 treatments were applied to randomized plots of creeping bentgrass, 4 of which were the sponsor's fertilizer, one industry standard (SCU) and a control group. All fertilized plots fared better than the control, more so later in the season. The spectrum colour and visual data showed that treatment D developed a darker rich green colour. Although treatment D did not have a higher growth rate or chlorophyll index throughout the whole season. All treatments of the sponsor's fertilizer performed just as well or better than the industry stand and control. Nutrite Hydro Agri Canada

This study tested the effectiveness and quality of a sponsored fertilizer on the growth of creeping bentgrass in a high sand rootzone. The sponsor's fertilizer was applied at the recommended volume and rate and was compared to two industry standards and a control plot. Data was collected on colour, quality, uniformity, density, shoot growth rate, and resistance to disease. The results of the study showed that all fertilized plots had higher nitrogen levels than the control. In general, the Rothsay and Miloganite plots had higher visual rates than Sustane and the control. Rothsay had the highest chlorophyll index by a large margin and the highest NDVI value by a smaller difference. The overall growth rate of the creeping bentgrass plots did not show a clear ranking of the fertilizers. It can be concluded that the test fertilizer, Rothsay, performs just as well or better than the industry standard fertilizers. Rothsay

This study evaluated five different chemical treatments in comparison to a control group in its performance in the control of brown patch disease that was caused by Rhizoctonia solani creeping bentgrass.The chemical treatments was Quintozene 75WP (75% PCNB) at 90.7 g/100m2, Terraclor FF (40% PCNB) at 170 ml/100m2, and Blocker 4F (38.3% PCNB) at 177.5 ml/100m2. After the first day of treatment, the plots were treated with the pathogen at 10 g/m2. A second treatment was applied a week later, and data was collected on the plots every week through the whole study. Data concluded that the average disease levels average around 4%, and there were no phytotoxic levels detected. UAP

This study was conducted to determine the performance of an experimental wetting agent when applied to creeping bentgrass on putting green turf in a sand rootzone. Data was collected on performance, root and shoot growth/rate, and resistance to disease. Weather conditions in the summer of 2005 did not allow for localized dry spots to form to a significant extent. The hydrophobicity of the soil was increased by the trial using Cascade treatment and Chemprocide 2ml treatment. By the end of the summer, some hydrophobicity effects were seen with the layers at 0 and 1 cm becoming slightly hydrophobic. Chemprocide

This study tests the performance of the sponsor’s organic amendment product on root and shoots growth rate when applied to creeping bentgrass in a USGA putting green. Data was collected on the colour, quality, uniformity, density, root system and shoot growth rate, and resistance to disease. 4 trials were conducted involving the sponsor’s product and compared to a trial treated with an industry standard and a controlled trial. The results concluded that under the given conditions, no significant effects were recorded from the sponsor's product in relation to the plot's growth or performance. Some significant effects seen can be attributed to the addition of an NPK fertilizer. Hydralogic Systems Inc.

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of an organic amendment product provided by the sponsor when applied to creeping bentgrass on a putting green turf. Data was collected on turf performance, growth rate and total growth of the shoot system, and pressure from diseases. Six trials were conducted four of which tested the sponsor's product, one industry standard, and one control plot. The results of the study showed that the sponsor’s product had no significant effects on turf growth or performance, compared to the control treatment. NPK fertilizer application can account for the significant differences seen in the treatments. Sipco

This study evaluates the performance of an experimental organic fertilizer made from meat and bone meal (Rothsay 9-3-3) compared to the industry-standard fertilizer (Anderson 18-6-15). The fertilizers were applied to creeping bentgrass in a high sand root zone. Data was collected on turf quality, colour, uniformity, density, shoot growth, and resistance to disease/ drought stress. The industry standard had a faster response and a measured 50% fast release of N, in the release of synthetic N form. The experimental Rothsay material is estimated to have higher uniformity rates in slow release. Over the course of this trial, the experimental fertilizer performed just as well as or better than the industry standard fertilizer. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Eight chemical and control treatments were evaluated on a 10.5-year-old sward of creeping bentgrass in southern Ontario during October 2003 to May 2004 for grey and pink snow mold control. Separate sets of plots were inoculated with Typhula incarnata or Typhula ishikariensis for grey snow mold, or Microdochium nivale for pink snow mold. The fungicides tested included Quintozene (250 g /100 m2), which is registered and recommended for controlling snow mold diseases of turfgrass in Ontario, plus five other treatments involving chemicals provided by Cleary Chemical Corporation for snow mold control. Spectro 90 WDG pretreatment was applied on 15 October 2003 to three of the treatments, and all other treatments were applied 15 November 2003 over bare ground. Inoculum was applied on 28 November 2003. Biotic plus abiotic injury was assessed as winter injury weekly from 25 March (snowmelt) until 7 May (greenup). After snowmelt and at greenup, all treatments provided excellent results with significant suppression of both snow molds, and with overall winter injury less than 10% area affected. Winter injury results for 25 March and 7 May 2004 are presented. Cleary Chemical Corporation

This study evaluates the performance of Milogranite and IBDU fertilizers in combination and alone when applied to creeping bentgrass on a putting green turf. Data was collected on turf quality, colour, uniformity, density, shoot growth, and resistance to disease/ drought stress. Small differences were seen between the treatments especially after the second treatment of fertilizers released nitrogen. Larger differences were seen between fertilized and unfertilized plots. All fertilized plots yielded a positive performance in turf quality, uniformity, and colour. Generally, the IBDU fertilizer treatment provided better results than the Milogrant fertilizer treatment. Nu-Gro Corporation

This study evaluates the efficiency of an experimental wetting agent when applied to ‘cobra’ creeping bentgrass in a variety of edaphic and climatic conditions. Data was collected on Turf colour, uniformity, quality, density, localized dry spot formation, water repellency, soil analysis, temperature and irrigation, and % volumetric water. Lack of stress in the formation of localized dry spots made it not possible to assess how effective the treatment was in reducing LDS. All wetting agents reduced hydrophobicity in the root zone profile, with treatments ACA 1820 granular and ACA 1820 liquid having the greatest effects. The greatest effects after one treatment came from ACA 2501 and Cascade Plus. Aquatrols Corporation

This study evaluated the performance of five experimental chemical control treatments in comparison to industry standards such as Heritage (6.0 g/100m2 -14 days) and Heritage MaXX (32 g/100m2 - 14 days). The research was collected on the treatment abilities to control the fungus Fusarium patch on creeping bentgrass. Both industry standards provided an effective control over the disease although there were some see-saw effects seen. No phytotoxicity was observed during the trial. Syngenta Crop Protection Canada, Inc.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of experiential chemical treatments on controlling dollar spot disease that appears on creeping bentgrass. The study consisted of fifteen different treatments of an experimental fungicide and compared to an industry standard and control. The treatments were applied for a seven-week period, however, observations were made on the plots for twelve weeks. The industry standard was seen to produce sufficient results over the control of dollar spot disease. The following experimental chemicals also provided sufficient results: “Cadence 70WG (3.1 g and 4.0 g - 14 days), Cadence 70WG + Insignia 20WG (4.0 g + 28.0 g - 14 days)Cadence 70WG/ Insignia 20WG (4.0 g/28.0 g alternating - 14 days) and Cadence 70WG + Heritage 50WG (4.0 g + 6.0 g - 14 days). Good results were achieved by: Cadence 70WG (5.57 g - 21 days), Cadence 70WG + Insignia 20WG (5.57 g + 28.0 g - 21 days) and Cadence 70WG + Heritage 50WG (5.57 g + 11.2 g - 21 days)". BASF Canada

This study evaluated thirteen experimental chemical control treatments' performance compared to an industry standard for its control of the fungus Fusarium patch on creeping bentgrass. All experimental treatments applied and the industry-standard (26 GT at 185 mL/100M2 - 14 days) performed sufficiently to control the Fusarium patch. There were no phytotoxic levels detected from the treatment. Bayer

This study evaluated the performance of four experimental chemical control treatments in comparison to an industry standard for its control of the fungus Fusarium patch on creeping bentgrass. This study was conducted from April - June 2003. Data collected from the treatment Roval Green 250 (185 ml/100m2) showed outstanding control over the disease past May 14th. The treatment UBI 2823(200 mL/100m2) was seen to reduce injury from disease but not to a sufficient amount. Both treatments IBU 2822 (200 ml/100m2) and Arrest (375 g/100m2) did not reduce the disease by sufficient amounts. No phytotoxicity was observed throughout the trial. Crompton

This study evaluates the performance of a homogeneous fertilizer provided by the sponsor when applied to creeping bentgrass in a high-sand root zone. Seven experimental treatments were conducted at different volumes and rates and compared with an industry standard and control. Data was collected on the strength and duration of the colour response post-application and turf quality, density, uniformity, and resistance to drought/ disease. Data collected indicates a large difference in uniformity and colour, based on the number of days post-application of treatment. It was then concluded that all seven experimental treatments performed well in colour, uniformity and quality ratings. The highest and most consistent rated fertilizer treatment was the old formula 19-2-15 treatment. Nu-Gro Corporation

This study evaluated the performance of seven experimental chemical control treatments in comparison to an industry standard for its control of the fungus Fusarium patch on creeping bentgrass. The industry standard fungicide treatments used in this study were Rovral Green GT (185 mL/ 100 m2 - 14 days) and the recommended and registered fungicide treatment for the Fusarium patch in Ontario. All of the treatments applied showed a sufficient level of control over the Fusarium patch. No phytotoxicity was observed during the trial. Bayer

This study evaluates the effectiveness of four chemical and control treatments in controlling Fusarium patch disease infecting a nine-year-old turf of creeping bentgrass in Southern Ontario. The treatments uses were both from the company of Syngenta. These treatments were Heritage 50 WG + Primo MAXX (6g/14 days + 8mL/28 days), and Heritage 50 WG (6 g/14 days). Both provided exceptional control 16 May and 23 May. The Standard treatment used in the experiment was Rovral Green 240 (375 mL/14 days). This treatment provided exceptional control 16 May but did not provide sufficient control 23 May. Over the course of the study, no phytotoxicity was detected. Syngenta Crop Protection Canada, Inc.

This study evaluated the sponsor's product in comparison to an industry-standard slow-release organic fertility program and a synthetic fertility program. Data was collected to determine the performance treatment had on the growth of creeping bentgrass in sand putting green turf. The three AGI fertilizers tested all performed as sufficiently as the synthetic (18-6-5) treatment and the organic (Sustane) treatment, in dollar spot resistance, and turf performance. Agronomic Growth Industries Ltd.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of elven chemical control treatments in correlation to a control to determine their effects on dollar spot disease in creeping bentgrass. Treatment was applied over an eight-week period and observed for a total of twelve weeks. Treatments that provided the best control were: Banner 130 EC (62 mL - 14 days), Daconil 2787 EC (190 mL - 14 days), Primo MAXX + Daconil 2787 (8 mL + 190 mL - 14 days), Banner MAXX (51 mL - 14 days), Primo MAXX + Banner MAXX (8 mL + 51 mL - 14 days) and BAS 51002 F (Emerald) (5.6 g - 21 days). Over the course of the study, no phytotoxic levels were detected. Further results of the study are presented in the report in table 1. BASF Canada Syngenta Crop Protection Canada, Inc.

Four treatments of experimental humic products and two control plots were observed to determine treatment effects on the shoot and root growth of creeping bentgrass. Data was collected in the rate of germination and the establishment rate of the seed as well as the rate of the shoot and root growth of already established creeping bentgrass. All of the humate treatments showed significant improvement to the root system growth in a high sand media. Little differences were seen between treatments and the differences observed showed no correlation to each other. The strongest treatment effects were seen in the 100% sand medium over the 80:20 plots. Luscar, Ltd.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of six treatments (Combinations of rainfall and fungicides) in the control of snow mould disease on a patch of seven-year-old creeping bentgrass. Typhula incarnata and Microdochium nivale were applied to the creeping bentgrass in the fall of 2000. The first treatment of Nutri-Q0-0-5 (N-P-K) with 5% quintozene (= PCNB =pentachloronitrobenzene) at 4.6 kg / 100 m2 was also applied at this time. The first evaluation for snow mould disease was taken the following spring after the snow melted and in late spring after greenup. The majority of the quintozene treatments were seen to provide adequate suppression of disease when applied in the fall three weeks before snow cover regardless of rainfall. Treatments applied five weeks prior to snow cover produced reduced efficiency. Ontario Turfgrass Research Foundation