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Tremendous increase in anthropogenic activities and natural disasters have created long term negative impacts to the crop productivity as well as on our ecosystem. In the debate regarding the ongoing ecosystem fluctuations, there is a need to explore an efficient, cost-effective, target-oriented and less manpower based technologies for sustainable development. Microbial engineering provides a better solution for the growth of a healthy environment and higher agricultural productivity over the existing methods and resolved the challenges worldwide related to development of sustainable agriculture and greener ecosystems. In recent years, researchers are working on the development of different advanced microbial engineering strategies such as gene editing, CRISPR/Cas9, and RNAi to enhance the potential of microorganisms towards higher plant productivity and degradation of pollutants. The present review focused on the potential applications of genetically engineered microbial inoculants for sustainable agriculture and greener ecosystem development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowdsource software development has become more and more popular in recent years in the software industry. Crowdsourcing is an open‐call technique for outsourcing tasks to a broad and undefined crowd. Crowdsourcing provides numerous advantages including reduced costs, fast project completion, talent identification, diversity of solutions, top‐quality, and access to problem‐solving creativity. Despite of the benefits gained from crowdsourcing, there are numerous issues like lack of experienced workers, lack of confidentiality, copyright issues, software sustainability, and so forth. There is also less focus on the long‐term sustainability of software development because of new ideas emerging in crowdsourcing software development. Furthermore, in literature, lack of guidelines towards sustainable software crowdsourcing is highlighted as one of the limitations in the software standards. This study aims to identify the factors that influence sustainability aspects in crowdsourced software development. We have conducted a systematic literature review for identification of these factors. In this paper, we present findings of the systematic literature review in the form of a list of 11 factors extracted from a sample of 45 finally selected papers. Among these factors, six of the factors are ranked as critical factors. These critical factors are "Lack of coding standard in documentation," "Use of popular programming tools," "Crowd Lack of knowledge and awareness about sustainability," "Energy‐efficient coding," "Lack of awareness about sustainable software engineering practices," and "Lack of coordination/communication between client and crowd." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement toward sustainable infrastructure presents complex multi-objective optimization (MOO) challenges. This paper expands the current understanding of design frameworks that balance cost, environmental impacts, social factors, and structural integrity. Integrating MOO with multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), the study targets enhancements in life cycle sustainability for complex engineering projects using precast modular road frames. Three advanced evolutionary algorithms—NSGA-II, NSGA-III, and RVEA—are optimized and deployed to address sustainability objectives under performance constraints. The efficacy of these algorithms is gauged through a comparative analysis, and a robust MCDM approach is applied to nine non-dominated solutions, employing SAW, FUCA, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE, and VIKOR decision-making techniques. An entropy theory-based method ensures systematic, unbiased criteria weighting, augmenting the framework's capacity to pinpoint designs balancing life cycle sustainability. The results reveal that NSGA-III is the algorithm converging towards the most cost-effective solutions, surpassing NSGA-II and RVEA by 21.11% and 10.07%, respectively, while maintaining balanced environmental and social impacts. The RVEA achieves up to 15.94% greater environmental efficiency than its counterparts. The analysis of non-dominated solutions identifies the A 4 design, utilizing 35 MPa concrete and B500S steel, as the most sustainable alternative across 80% of decision-making algorithms. The ranking correlation coefficients above 0.94 demonstrate consistency among decision-making techniques, underscoring the robustness of the integrated MOO and MCDM framework. The results in this paper expand the understanding of the applicability of novel techniques for enhancing engineering practices and advocate for a comprehensive strategy that employs advanced MOO algorithms and MCDM to enhance sustainable infrastructure development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the utilization of a hybrid nanofiller comprising graphene oxide (GO) and amine‐modified nano silica in natural rubber matrix via the latex stage coagulation method. The resulting novel composite materials were characterized comprehensively for their static and dynamic mechanical properties. The hybrid nanofiller exhibited excellent dispersion within the rubber latex, facilitating the formation of a well‐interconnected network structure. The formed network resulted in remarkable improvements in tensile strength, elongation at break, and modulus of the composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the hybrid filler (GO/nano‐silica hybrid (GO/NS)) could effectively reinforce the rubber matrix by constraining the mobility of rubber chains, leading to increased stiffness and mechanical strength. In fact, the confinement effect of the nanofillers has been carefully evaluated from dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. The increased glass transition temperature of the rubber nanocomposites specifies the restricted segmental mobility of the rubber chains. Moreover, the hybrid composites displayed significantly low rolling resistance, particularly GO/NS 2 (31% reduction), indicating their potential application as tire treads for fuel‐efficient and green tire manufacturing. The mechanical and rolling resistance properties achieved in these composites can be attributed to the efficient dispersion of the GO/nano‐silica hybrid(GO/NS) nanofiller and the resulting network formation within the rubber matrix. Findings emphasized the composites' viability as sustainable and eco‐friendly tire materials, potential for enhanced fuel efficiency, and reduced environmental footprint in tire manufacturing technology. Highlights: The hybrid nanofiller (GO/nano silica hybrid) exhibited excellent dispersion within the rubber latex, leading to the formation of a well‐interconnected network structure.The resulting network structure significantly improved the tensile strength, elongation at break, and modulus of the composite materials.Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated that the hybrid filler effectively reinforced the rubber matrix, increasing stiffness and mechanical strength by constraining the mobility of rubber chains.Our hybrid composites displayed a remarkable reduction in rolling resistance, particularly GO/NS2, with a 31% reduction, indicating their potential application as tire treads for fuel‐efficient and green tire manufacturing.The study emphasized the composites viability as sustainable and eco‐friendly tire materials, offering potential benefits for enhanced fuel efficiency and reduced environmental footprint in tire manufacturing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formamidinium (FA)-based quasi-2D perovskites show attractive potential for use in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their broad absorption range and high stability. However, the toxic solvents used in their fabrication process hinder their further commercialization. Using a green solvent system to prepare highquality perovskite films is a crucial step in solar cell manufacturing. Herein, we employed a green solvent triethyl phosphate (TEP) to prepare an FA-based quasi-2D perovskite precursor and studied antisolvent effects by comparing less toxic petroleum ether (PE) and dibutyl ether (DBE). We found that the sample treated with the lower polarity solvent PE produced better perovskite films with larger grain sizes and fewer defects. The advantages of using PE as an antisolvent during film growth and the characterization of their properties are discussed and elucidated. Finally, a champion PCE of 17.42% was obtained with a solar cell configuration of ITO/PTAA/perovskite/PCBM/BCP/Ag, which is the highest value among FAbased quasi-2D PSCs containing perovskite layers fabricated using an all-green solvent system. This work provides a promising way to use an all-green process to fabricate high-performance quasi-2D PSCs in an environment-friendly manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a holistic approach to define a river corridor as the minimum space needed to sustain key river functions based on an understanding of the desired functions of that corridor and the processes governing channel and floodplain formation. Giving such space is a fundamental nature‐based solution to river management, as it allows the river to use its own energy to maintain flood conveyance and habitat function. The review of existing river corridor concepts shows that these often focus on one or two potential functions of a river corridor and may not be well suited as tools to optimize eco‐geomorphic river function. We argue that evaluating the effects of river corridor width on multiple processes can provide an objective means to optimize delineation in areas where development encroaches onto floodplains and channel migration zones. Key processes are linked to channel migration and include floodplain rejuvenation, emergence of a dynamic patch mosaic of riparian habitat that sustains a functioning large wood cycle, and effects of constriction and confinement on channel dynamics and morphology. Quantification of these processes for an example river shows the most rapid gains for habitat and flood protection values up to the threshold for planform‐controlled conditions and an asymptotically reducing rate of gain in function above that threshold. For the example river, the threshold width approaching that asymptote is substantially more than its constrained condition but much less than the width of the floodplain and channel migration zone, offering a compromise for managing rivers with developed floodplains. This article is categorized under:Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of WaterWater and Life > Nature of Freshwater EcosystemsWater and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrocatalytic nitrate (NO3−) reduction to ammonia (NH3) is a "two birds‐one stone" method that targets remediation of NO3−‐containing sewage and production of valuable NH3. The exploitation of advanced catalysts with high activity, selectivity, and durability is a key issue for the efficient catalytic performance. Among various strategies for catalyst design, defect engineering has gained increasing attention due to its ability to modulate the electronic properties of electrocatalysts and optimize the adsorption energy of reactive species, thereby enhancing the catalytic performance. Despite previous progress, there remains a lack of mechanistic insights into the regulation of catalyst defects for NO3− reduction. Herein, this review presents insightful understanding of defect engineering for NO3− reduction, covering its background, definition, classification, construction, and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the relationships between regulation of catalyst defects and their catalytic activities are illustrated by investigating the properties of electrocatalysts through the analysis of electronic band structure, charge density distribution, and controllable adsorption energy. Furthermore, challenges and perspectives for future development of defects in NO3RR are also discussed, which can help researchers to better understand the defect engineering in catalysts, and also inspire scientists entering into this promising field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-quality perovskite thin films are typically produced via solvent engineering, which results in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Nevertheless, the use of hazardous solvents like precursor solvents (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)) and antisolvents (chlorobenzene (CB), dibutyl ether (DEE), diethyl ether (Et2O), etc.) is crucial to the preparation of perovskite solutions and the control of perovskite thin film crystallization. The consumption of hazardous solvents poses an imminent threat to both the health of manufacturers and the environment. Consequently, before PSCs are commercialized, the current concerns about the toxicity of solvents must be addressed. In this study, we fabricated highly efficient planar PSCs using a novel, environmentally friendly method. Initially, we employed a greener solvent engineering approach that substituted the hazardous precursor solvents with an environmentally friendly solvent called triethyl phosphate (TEP). In the following stage, we fabricated perovskite thin films without the use of an antisolvent by employing a two-step procedure. Of all the greener techniques used to fabricate PSCs, the FTO/SnO2/MAFAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD planar device configuration yielded the highest PCE of 20.98%. Therefore, this work addresses the toxicity of the solvents used in the perovskite film fabrication procedure and provides a promising universal method for producing PSCs with high efficiency. The aforementioned environmentally friendly approach might allow for PSC fabrication on an industrial scale in the future under sustainable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terpenoids and their derivatives which are synthesized either through the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) or mevalonate (MVA) pathways represent a most diversified class of natural compounds with a wide range of therapeutic properties such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and antiallergenic. Globally, terpenoids are in high demand due to their excellent pharmaceutical applications and their potential benefits in many sectors. Since tiny quantities of these compounds are present in nature, their large-scale uses are limited. Moreover, the petroleum-based production of these compounds is managing the current market demand worldwide. Nevertheless, the increase in greenhouse gas emissions and global warming makes the above approach unsustainable for commercial scale production. This can be addressed by metabolic pathway engineering, a promising method of synthetic biology that enables the efficient modification of microbial pathways to produce high value compounds on a continuous and sustainable basis. In this review, we primarily focused on the importance and utility of the MEP pathway toward the biosynthesis of specific terpenoids. In addition, different types of terpenoids, their industrial values, and engineering initiatives to increase the titers of valuable terpenoids from promising cell factories are also discussed. [Display omitted] • Terpenoids are high value natural compounds, their use at industrial scale suffers from its low productivity. • MEP pathway is superior to MVA in terms of carbon utilization, oxygen consumption, and theoretical yields, but less explored. • More research for successful expression of MEP pathway in MVA pathway expressing hosts need to be carried out in future. • Challenges and strategies for sustainable production, with promising technologies toward titers improvement, is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural engineering is a field with several optimization approaches. Concordantly, the goal in optimum design is the generation of the lightest, cheapest, or most sustainable engineering design for any type of structure or structural member. In this study, some optimization approaches were presented for structures including 25 and 72-bar space trusses. To find the smallest weights were ensured for both structures. Optimization approaches related to metaheuristics and modifications of them were developed by inspired by features of nature, abilities of lives and mechanisms of chemical/physical processes. The employed three techniques that are flower pollination algorithm, Jaya algorithm and the hybrid algorithm developed via them were compared to each other through some parameters by calculating different statistical expressions containing the best, average and standard deviation of the objective function. Also, the performance of whole metaheuristic versions is evaluated with some literature researches to find the most effective one to minimize the structural weights. These results have observed that the all versions of proposed metaheuristic algorithms are generally successful, and effective to minimize the objective function comparison to algorithms used in previous studies. Moreover, the best values of objective functions can be decreased at the 0.02–0.06 rates as minimum and maximum compared to the previous studies and algorithms, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study explores the intricate relationship between the geotechnical and mineralogical properties of lithomargic clays in the Uttara Kannada region of south India. Lithomargic clays, characterized by their unique composition of clay minerals and calcareous content, play a crucial role in the geotechnical behavior of soils. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between the mineralogical composition and engineering characteristics of lithomargic clays, shedding light on their suitability for various construction and infrastructure projects. The research methodology involves a systematic analysis of lithomargic clay samples collected from different locations in the Uttara Kannada region. Geotechnical investigations, including particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR) and triaxial tests, are conducted to assess the engineering properties of the clays. Concurrently, mineralogical analyses, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), are employed to identify and quantify the clay mineral constituents within the samples. The findings of this study reveal correlations between specific mineralogical features and geotechnical behaviors of lithomargic clays. Understanding these relationships is crucial for predicting the response of these clays to different engineering applications, including slope stability, foundation design and embankment construction. The research contributes valuable insights to the scientific and engineering communities, aiding in the informed utilization of lithomargic clays in geotechnical projects in the Uttara Kannada region and beyond. The outcomes of this investigation, such as the correlation of geotechnical properties with the variation in minerals in various sample locations, enhance our understanding of the complex nature of lithomargic clays, providing a foundation for more sustainable and effective engineering practices in the geologically diverse landscapes of south India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the variation of shear strength behavior and particle breakage (after shearing), as a function of moisture state and compaction level, is investigated for recycled concrete aggregate blended with recycled clay masonry. Recycled masonry was blended with concrete aggregate in percentages ranging from 0% to 30% by total weight. Tests include; basic engineering characteristics (particle size, modified compaction, hydraulic conductivity, and California Bearing Ratio, CBR) as well as unconsolidated undrained static triaxial testing. In triaxial tests, moisture levels ranged from 60% to 100% of optimum moisture content, but compaction levels ranged from 90% to 98% of maximum dry density. The hydraulic conductivity for blends is approximately 2x10-6 cm/s, which indicates a relatively low hydraulic conductivity. Results show a proportional linear relationship between the shear strength of blends and the level of compaction. Despite this, both apparent cohesion and shear strength exhibited reverse linear trends. As expected, more compaction effort resulted in more particle breakage. Strict control should be performed over the compaction process to achieve the required compaction level which resulting in pavement materials being stiffer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into an innovative biorefinery approach to extract multiple high-value compounds from a single biomass source, Halobacterium salinarum R1, a resilient halophilic microorganism. By using bio-based solvents, namely an aqueous solution of gamma-valerolactone (GVL) and ethanol, a simple and efficient pipeline approach was developed, recovering unique pigments, including C50 bacterioruberin, as well as two additional fractions consisting of protein and polysaccharides. The process is based on sustainable engineering and green chemistry principles, providing a viable alternative to replacing non-renewable solvents. The study addresses environmental concerns by employing bio-based solvents while presenting a cost-effective and sustainable solution. This approach contributes to developing a high-performance and sustainable alternative, promoting the development of a blue bioeconomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catastrophic failure of dam structures has often led to severe consequences. The colossal wave receding at a higher velocity from the sudden failure of the dams may obliterate the downstream areas causing loss of lives and property damage. Thus, proper mitigation measures and contingency plans must be formulated beforehand to minimize the impact of such disasters. Consequently, there has been a strong tendency to study dam breach flood modeling using different approaches for both hypothetical dam breach scenarios and real incidents. The technology used for dam breach studies is advancing and a comprehensive review of the existing methodologies would help the modelers in their model development. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art methodologies utilized in studies to propagate the dam break flood wave. Furthermore this guides the selection of methods best suited considering the project-specific requirements and the complexity of project to simulate the risk to the vulnerable areas generated from the dam break flood flow. Different terrain datasets, mesh generation techniques and calibration techniques have been adapted and adhered to improve computational accuracy, stability and efficiency in modeling dam break floods. The use of high-resolution global and site-specific datasets, subgrid models, the choice of roughness coefficients and highresolution time steps have to be investigated thoroughly in these models. The paper reviews the existing methodologies with the strengths and limitations facilitating the future dam breach modelers to select the suitable approach in dam break flood wave modeling. This article is categorized under: Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water Science of Water > Water Extremes Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cement-stabilization of weak and soft soils is an efficient way for ground improvement. Traditional Portland cement remains the most popular cementitious material in practice, and thus, a proper dosage design of cement-stabilized soil is of practical interest to meet the sustainable engineering requirements and to remedy environmental concerns. Based on the unconfined compression test of cement-stabilized Qiantang River silty clay, the effects of cement content, mixing moisture content, mixing-water-to-cement ratio, and curing time on the unconfined compressive strength were investigated. The results show that the mixing-water-to-cement ratio can comprehensively characterize the effects of cement content and water content on the unconfined compressive strength of the cement-stabilized clay. A prediction method for the unconfined compressive strength of cement-stabilized Qiantang River silty clay has been proposed with considerations for mixing-water-to-cement ratio and curing time. By comparing the experimental data of the present study with the existing literature data, it is found that there is a unified relationship between the unconfined compressive strength and the mixing-water-to-cement ratio of cement-stabilized Qiantang River silty clay, kaolin, Singapore marine clay, and Bangkok clay under the same curing time. The prediction method recommended by the standard may overestimate the unconfined compressive strength of cement-stabilized Qiantang River silty clay cured for 90 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Amazon rainforest, spanning multiple countries in South America, is the world's largest equatorial expanse, housing a vast array of relatively unknown plant and animal species. Encompassing the planet's greatest flora, the Amazon offers a tremendous variety of plants from which natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) can be extracted. In this century, NLFs, which have long been utilized by indigenous populations of the Amazon, have garnered interest as potential reinforcements for composites, whether polymer- or cement-based, in various technical applications such as packaging, construction, automotive products, and ballistic armor. A comparison with synthetic materials like glass, carbon, and aramid fibers, as well as other established NLFs, highlights the cost and specific property advantages of Amazon natural fibers (ANFs). Notably, the sustainable cultivation and extraction of ANFs, as alternatives to deforestation and livestock pasture, contribute to the preservation of the Amazon rainforest. This review article provides a comprehensive examination of recent studies directly related to ANF-reinforced polymer matrix composites. The specific advantages, proposed applications, and reported challenges are highlighted, shedding light on the potential of these unique natural fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scutellaria Linn., which belongs to the family Lamiaceae, is a commonly used medicinal plant for heat clearing and detoxification. In particular, the roots of S. baicalensis and the entire herb of S. barbata have been widely used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. The main active components of Scutellaria, including: baicalein, wogonin, norwogonin, scutellarein, and their glycosides have potential or existing drug usage. However, the wild resources of Scutellaria plants have been overexploited, and degenerated germplasm resources cannot fulfill the requirements of chemical extraction and clinical usage. Metabolic engineering and green production via microorganisms provide alternative strategies for greater efficiency in the production of natural products. Here, we review the progress of: pharmacological investigations, multi-omics, biosynthetic pathways, and metabolic engineering of various Scutellaria species and their active compounds. In addition, based on multi-omics data, we systematically analyze the phylogenetic relationships of Scutellaria and predict candidate transcription factors related to the regulation of active flavonoids. Finally, we propose the prospects of directed evolution of core enzymes and genome-assisted breeding to alleviate the shortage of plant resources of Scutellaria. This review provides important insights into the sustainable utilization and development of Scutellaria resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) will significantly impact global warming in the aviation sector, and important SAF targets are emerging. Isoprenol is a precursor for a promising SAF compound DMCO (1,4-dimethylcyclooctane) and has been produced in several engineered microorganisms. Recently, Pseudomonas putida has gained interest as a future host for isoprenol bioproduction as it can utilize carbon sources from inexpensive plant biomass. Here, we engineer metabolically versatile host P. putida for isoprenol production. We employ two computational modeling approaches (Bilevel optimization and Constrained Minimal Cut Sets) to predict gene knockout targets and optimize the "IPP-bypass" pathway in P. putida to maximize isoprenol production. Altogether, the highest isoprenol production titer from P. putida was achieved at 3.5 g/L under fed-batch conditions. This combination of computational modeling and strain engineering on P. putida for an advanced biofuels production has vital significance in enabling a bioproduction process that can use renewable carbon streams. • Biosynthetic isoprenol is an emerging precursor for sustainable aviation fuel DMCO. • Pseudomonas putida was engineered for isoprenol production via the IPP-bypass pathway. • Genome scale metabolic modeling-aided gene knockouts improves isoprenol production. • Frequency scoring of two computational methods enables to prioritize knockout targets. • Combination of genome and pathway engineering results in isoprenol titer improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the study is sustainable reverse engineering and conventional reverse engineering of aviation equipment (AE) samples. The object of the study is the geometric accuracy of the extracted portrait of a part of a complex shape in comparison with the constructed analytical standard (AS). The work is aimed at researching the methods of sustainable reverse engineering and conventional reverse engineering on the example of the digitization of the box of the AE steering machine, chosen as a part of a complex shape. For this, a portrait of the «*.stl» and AS format file was created and compared by performing a control operation with the determination of the time spent. A structural and technological analysis of the box of the AE steering machine was carried out, which showed that the box has through holes of various diameters (from 10 to 41.6 mm) and shapes (square, trapezoidal, round); thin walls between holes (up to 1.6 mm); right angles and their rounding radii (up to 1–4 mm); the thickness of the body walls is 2.4 mm, etc. 3D scanner – ARTEC SPACE SPIDER (Luxembourg) was selected and scanning was performed. According to the analysis of research methods of reverse engineering, it was established that the use of permanent and conventional reverse engineering allows, in the first case, to quickly manufacture a part by 3D printing or milling on CNC machines, and in the second case, to create its AS with the provision of the specified geometric accuracy. The difference in time between permanent and normal reverse engineering was 8 hours in favor of the former. Control of the ideal portrait according to the AS of the AE steering machine body showed the maximum deviations from –0.30 mm to +0.23 mm and the minimum deviations from –0.04 mm to +0.08 mm. The smallest indicators were observed on vertical and horizontal planes, and the largest – in cities with plane slopes, corners and small radii. This made it possible to establish that the existing capabilities of the Geomagic Design X software for correcting the received portrait of the «*.stl» format file currently do not guarantee the provision of geometric accuracy requirements (up to ±0.5 mm) for the manufacture of an experimental part of a complex shape – the AE steering machine body with 3D printing. The resulting ideal portrait can be used to manufacture a part by milling on CNC machines, taking into account deviations at the stage of process model formation, which can become the topic of further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of the research is the intriguing and versatile material known as coal that attracted a lot of attention lately because of its potential use in a variety of fields, including cutting-edge building materials, environmental remediation methods, and creative energy storage solutions. This study presents an extensive characterization of Algerian natural coal powders, employing a multifaceted analytical approach that includes Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman Spectroscopy, to reveal their physicochemical properties including morphology, particle size distribution, crystalline structure, and functional groups. The SEM analysis unveiled a heterogeneous morphology with a broad particle size distribution, indicative of the coal’s complex structure. The XRD findings, refined using Rietveld analysis, distinguish Carbon (C) and Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) as the primary phases, with crystallite sizes measuring 18.7539 nm for C and 16.6291 nm for SiO2. These phases constitute 98.8 % and 12 % of the composition, respectively, while the presence of quartz underscores the coal’s geological background and its thermal resilience. Regarding the results of the FTIR spectroscopy, absorption peaks corresponding to various functional groups are highlighted, suggesting a rich organic and inorganic composition. Raman spectroscopy corroborates the presence of disordered and graphitic carbon structures, emphasizing the coal’s potential for diverse applications. These findings underline the significance of Algerian coal powders for environmental remediation, energy storage, and advanced construction materials, contributing to the advancement of sustainable energy solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research study, oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) from the fruit Elaeis guineensis was used to produce a natural fiber-incorporated green concrete as a means to reduce the adverse environmental impact of waste disposal and improve the engineering attributes of green concrete. The fiber used was added as a partial replacement for fine aggregate, with percentage variations replaced by volume content. The experiments conducted on the produced OPMF-concrete include physical, durability, morphological, and mechanical properties tests. The OPMF effect in concrete resulted in a slight decrease in density with a range of 2349 kg/m³ to 2257 kg/m³, a reduction in workability, and compressive strength range of 45 MPa to 23.17 MPa, a reduction compared to control for all fiber load and fiber size at the 28-day cured specimen for a designed strength of M30. OPMF exerts a reduction in the flexural and splitting tensile strengths, an increase in the porosity of the concrete, and, likewise, a high chloride penetrability with charge values greater than 4000 coulombs. Due to the randomly dispersed fiber particles, hydration of the binder was restricted, and the fiber made more pore spaces available, creating a less dense structure. Moreover, the presence of OPMF in the microstructures of fiber-concrete decreases the bond between the binder and the aggregates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing demand for sustainable products and systems. Sustainability encompasses environmental, social, and economic aspects, often referred to as the three pillars of sustainability. To make more sustainable design decisions, engineers need tools to predict the environmental, social, and economic impacts of products and characterize potential sustainability tradeoffs. To predict the total impact of a product, the quantity of functional units of the product in society and the impact of each product needs to be estimated. This article uses agent-based modeling (ABM), combined with tools such as life cycle assessment (LCA), to predict impacts across all three pillars of sustainability. By using the product impact results, the multidimensional sustainability tradespace can be characterized. The approach described in this article is based on three main components for the predictive modeling of product impacts and the characterization of the sustainability trade space: (i) ABM of product adoption, (ii) the assessment of product impacts, and (iii) an approach for the characterization of product sustainability tradeoffs at the population level. The tradespace characterization uses a Pareto-based method presented visually to find the nondominated solutions in the product impact space. To illustrate and describe how to use the method, a case study is presented that predicts the impact of residential solar panels in a region of the United States under various scenarios. The findings of the case study can help policy makers understand suitable implementation strategies for residential solar panels while considering the impact tradeoffs involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited resources and environmental problems associated with fossil fuels, there is a growing interest in utilizing renewable resources for the production of biofuels through microbial fermentation. Isobutanol is a promising biofuel that could potentially replace gasoline. However, its production efficiency is currently limited by the use of naturally isolated microorganisms. These naturally isolated microorganisms often encounter problems such as a limited range of substrates, low tolerance to solvents or inhibitors, feedback inhibition, and an imbalanced redox state. This makes it difficult to improve their production efficiency through traditional process optimization methods. Fortunately, recent advancements in genetic engineering technologies have made it possible to enhance microbial hosts for the increased production of isobutanol from renewable resources. This review provides a summary of the strategies and synthetic biology approaches that have been employed in the past few years to improve naturally isolated or non-natural microbial hosts for the enhanced production of isobutanol by utilizing different renewable resources. Furthermore, it also discusses the challenges that are faced by engineered microbial hosts and presents future perspectives to enhancing isobutanol production. Key points: • Promising potential of isobutanol to replace gasoline • Engineering of native and non-native microbial host for isobutanol production • Challenges and opportunities for enhanced isobutanol production [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the study is sustainable reverse engineering and conventional reverse engineering of aviation equipment (AE) samples. The object of the study is the geometric accuracy of the extracted portrait of a part of a complex shape in comparison with the constructed analytical standard (AS). The work is aimed at researching the methods of sustainable reverse engineering and conventional reverse engineering on the example of the digitization of the box of the AE steering machine, chosen as a part of a complex shape. For this, a portrait of the «*.stl» and AS format file was created and compared by performing a control operation with the determination of the time spent. A structural and technological analysis of the box of the AE steering machine was carried out, which showed that the box has through holes of various diameters (from 10 to 41.6 mm) and shapes (square, trapezoidal, round); thin walls between holes (up to 1.6 mm); right angles and their rounding radii (up to 1–4 mm); the thickness of the body walls is 2.4 mm, etc. 3D scanner – ARTEC SPACE SPIDER (Luxembourg) was selected and scanning was performed. According to the analysis of research methods of reverse engineering, it was established that the use of permanent and conventional reverse engineering allows, in the first case, to quickly manufacture a part by 3D printing or milling on CNC machines, and in the second case, to create its AS with the provision of the specified geometric accuracy. The difference in time between permanent and normal reverse engineering was 8 hours in favor of the former. Control of the ideal portrait according to the AS of the AE steering machine body showed the maximum deviations from –0.30 mm to +0.23 mm and the minimum deviations from –0.04 mm to +0.08 mm. The smallest indicators were observed on vertical and horizontal planes, and the largest – in cities with plane slopes, corners and small radii. This made it possible to establish that the existing capabilities of the Geomagic Design X software for correcting the received portrait of the «*.stl» format file currently do not guarantee the provision of geometric accuracy requirements (up to ±0.5 mm) for the manufacture of an experimental part of a complex shape – the AE steering machine body with 3D printing. The resulting ideal portrait can be used to manufacture a part by milling on CNC machines, taking into account deviations at the stage of process model formation, which can become the topic of further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green chemistry and engineering seek for maximizing efficiency and minimizing negative impacts on the environment and human health in chemical production processes. Driven by advances in the principles of environment protection and sustainability, these fields are expected to greatly contribute to achieving sustainable development goals. To this end, many studies have been conducted to develop new approaches within green chemistry and engineering. The Advances in Green Chemistry and Engineering Collection at Scientific Reports aims at gathering the latest research on developing and implementing the principles of green chemistry and engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial from the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Engineering Sustainability. The editorial discusses three articles in the journal that explore environmental sustainability and carbon reduction from different perspectives: organization, built environment, and public policy. One article reviews the benefits and barriers of adopting the ISO 14001 global standard for environmental management systems. Another article examines the impact of building design characteristics on power plant carbon emissions. The third article evaluates the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on transport sustainability in Tehran, Iran. The editorial highlights the importance of coordinated public policy and the challenges of achieving sustainability goals during crises. [Extracted from the article]

Bamboo, as a renewable bioresource, exhibits advantages of fast growth cycle and high strength. Bamboo-based composite materials are a promising alternative to load-bearing structural materials. It is urgent to develop high-performance glued-bamboo composite materials. This study focused on the chemical bonding interface to achieve high bonding strength and water resistance between bamboo and dialdehyde cellulose–polyamine (DAC-PA 4N) adhesive by activating the bamboo surface. The bamboo surface was initially modified in a directional manner to create an epoxy-bamboo interface using GPTES. The epoxy groups on the interface were then chemically crosslinked with the amino groups of the DAC-PA 4N adhesive, forming covalent bonds within the adhesive layer. The results demonstrated that the hot water strength of the modified bamboo was improved by 75.8 % (from 5.17 to 9.09 MPa), and the boiling water strength was enhanced by 232 % (from 2.10 to 6.99 MPa). The bonding and flexural properties of this work are comparable to those of commercial phenolic resin. The activation modification of the bamboo surface offers a novel approach to the development of low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and sustainable bamboo engineering composites. Schematic diagram for the design and development of ultrastrong bamboo bonding composite via chemical bonding. [Display omitted] • An activated bamboo interface equipped with epoxy group was prepared. • A novel bamboo bonding system dominated by adhesive-bamboo covalent linkages was constructed. • The adhesive has a high-density cross-linking network between the adhesive and bamboo interface. • The new bamboo engineering composite has excellent bonding strength and water resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COMplete AMMonia OXidizer (comammox) refers to microorganisms that have the function of oxidizing NH 4 + to NO 3 − alone. The discovery of comammox overturned the two-step theory of nitrification in the past century and triggered many important scientific questions about the nitrogen cycle in nature. This comprehensive review delves into the origin and discovery of comammox, providing a detailed account of its detection primers, clades metabolic variations, and environmental factors. An in-depth analysis of the ecological niche differentiation among ammonia oxidizers was also discussed. The intricate role of comammox in anammox systems and the relationship between comammox and nitrogen compound emissions are also discussed. Finally, the relationship between comammox and anammox is displayed, and the future research direction of comammox is prospected. This review reveals the metabolic characteristics and distribution patterns of comammox in ecosystems, providing new perspectives for understanding nitrogen cycling and microbial ecology. Additionally, it offers insights into the potential application value and prospects of comammox. [Display omitted] • Unraveling the mysteries of comammox: from discovery to ecological significance. • The environmental factors and influencing mechanisms were summarized. • Comammox thriving mostly in freshwater ecosystems. • Is comammox a green engineering process worth further evaluation. • Future focus: evaluating actual contribution and conducting engineering application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural hazards foster the need for resilience in the built environment, but resilient structures must not interfere with sustainability. The potential trade-offs are increasingly being investigated using performance-based assessments combined with life cycle assessments (LCA) to translate probable building or bridge damage into environmental losses. Leveraging 102 publications intersecting sustainability and resilience in the built environment, this review sheds light on the current methodological challenges and opportunities for integrating natural hazard-induced damage with environmental losses in the built environment. The reviewed literature primarily focused on buildings exposed to seismic hazards, deriving their losses using the best-known LCA mode, attributional LCA. Building and bridge frameworks showed notable methodological distinctions, along with a near absence of consideration of the interactions between climate change and natural hazards or structural vulnerabilities. Based on the findings, 22 opportunities for future research were synthesized. Future research should seek to better assess the total life cycle sustainability of resilient structures by exploring advanced modes of LCA, widening the scope of their assessments, and better integrating uncertainty and sensitivity. Achieving a more sustainable and resilient built environment also requires upcoming research to investigate the practicalities of aligning modeling frameworks, tools, data, and case studies. Addressing these research gaps will assist in anticipating how the built environment can be adapted and shaped to positively contribute to a resilient and sustainable future. [Display omitted] • Shows opportunities to improve measuring sustainability in structural engineering. • Reviews crossings of life cycle assessment with structural performance assessment. • Identifies methodological and practical challenges in tackling the research gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Carrier-free delivery systems of pyrimethanil (PYR) were constructed through supramolecular self-assembly. • PYR nano cocrystal suspensions (NCSs) exhibited excellent photostability, thermal stability, and volatile stability. • PYR NCS demonstrated sustained-release properties and exhibited excellent long-term antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. The adverse effects resulting from off-target pesticide application pose significant risks to both ecosystems and public health. Therefore, developing a pesticide delivery system that is straightforward, effective, and devoid of secondary pollution is crucial for environmental safety. Herein, self-assembled crystalline materials involved pyrimethanil (PYR) and organic acids were constructed by crystal engineering. These materials allowed for direct manipulation of the physicochemical properties and environmental fate of PYR by the building modules. The melting point of PYR was increased from 96.19 °C to 206.69 °C. The photostability and volatile stability were improved by 3.85-fold and 297-fold, respectively. Afterwards, these crystalline materials were prepared as nano cocrystal suspensions (NCSs) in water by the one-pot method. The PYR NCSs exhibited potent bioactivity against Botrytis cinerea and demonstrated slow-release behavior. Upon foliar spraying, the PYR NCSs exhibited desirable foliar wettability with a contact angle lower than 36°. By limiting leaching into the soil and reducing environmental pesticide exposure, PYR NCS ensured the safety of both earthworms and plants. The structure–property relationships of PYR NCSs were elucidated through intermolecular interaction analysis and theoretical calculations. Overall, the NCSs constructed by the supramolecular chemistry strategy are characterized by the simple preparation, high bioactivity, stability, no carrier, slow-release, and minimal environmental risk, which offers insight for improving the utilization and sustainable management of pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency of the perovskite layer generally determines the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) depend highly on the layer's morphology, crystalline structure, and surface defect of their power conversion efficiency (PCE), and long-term stability. Introducing appropriate solvent additives to the perovskite precursor solution effectively controls the film structure, defect passivation, and grain boundaries. In this work, alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA), ethanol, and methanol (a nontoxic, sustainable, and low-cost alcohol) are used as green solvent additives to enhance the quality and morphology of perovskite films and to control nonradiative recombination in the PSCs. The alcohol adducts containing OH groups have interacted with organic cations and Pb ions to produce PbO, which reduces the concentration of halide vacancies, enhances charge transfer, and decreases nonradiative recombination. Alcohol additives can produce homogeneous, highly crystalline perovskite films with improved charge transfer and reduced recombination. Using the best alcohol additive, IPA, provides power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.41% and greater ambient air stability, as it keeps more than 82% of its original PCE after 1000 h. Furthermore, IPA additive-based PSCs retain 81% and 80% of their original efficiencies after 500 and 350 h of continuous light irradiation and heating at 85 °C. [Display omitted] • Alcoholic is introduced as a functional green organic additive for perovskites. • Alcohol additives with OH groups interacted with organic cations and the Pb ion to form PbO. • Additives improve the perovskite film structure, defect passivation, and grain boundaries. • Additives promote charge transportation/extraction capabilities and reduce nonradioactive recombination. • IPA additive-based PSCs show a higher cell-efficiency and better stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructured materials are fascinating since they are promising for intensely enhancing materials' performance, and they can offer multifunctional features. Creating such high-performance nanocomposites via effective and mild approaches is an inevitable requirement for sustainable materials engineering. Nanocomposites, which combine two-star nanomaterials, namely, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and graphene derivatives (GNMs), have recently revealed interesting physicochemical properties and excellent performance. Despite numerous studies on the production and application of such systems, there is still a lack of concise information on their practical uses. In this review, recent progress in the production, modification, properties, and emerging uses of CNFs/GNMs hybrid-based nanocomposites in various fields such as flexible energy harvesting and storage, sensors, adsorbents, packaging, and thermal management, among others, are comprehensively examined and described based on recent investigations. Nevertheless, numerous challenges and gaps need to be addressed to successfully introduce such nanomaterials in large-scale industrial applications. This review will certainly help readers understand the design approaches and potential applications of CNFs/GNMs hybrid-based nanocomposites for which new research directions in this emerging topic are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • LOHC materials play a crucial role for H 2 dis/charging performance and reversibility. • Molecular engineering of commercial LOHC, DBT led to a novel LOHC material, BMB. • BMB outperforms DBT in de/hydrogenation performance. • Commercial DBT contains high-performing BMB under 27 %. • Engineered and sustainable synthetic method achieves high BMB ratio (>70 %). Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) technology enables the safe, easy, and cost-effective storage and transportation of large quantities of hydrogen using inexpensive and mass-produced compounds. The LOHC materials play a crucial role in hydrogen storage capacity, reaction kinetics, reaction temperature, and reversibility. However, the development and optimization of LOHC materials is limited due to using of mass-produced materials for bulk hydrogen logistics. Herein, we propose a molecular engineering approach to overcome the limitations of commercial dibenzyltoluene (DBT)-based LOHC systems, considered one of the most promising LOHC materials based on the heat transfer oil, Marlotherm SH (MSH), owing to its superior physical properties (wide liquid range, and non-flammable properties), low price, and low toxicity. We devised a new chemical structure, benzyl-methylbenzyl-benzene (BMB), with highly improved dehydrogenation/hydrogenation performance achieved by rearranging the methyl group of DBT to overcome the limitations of slow reaction kinetics in terms of its chemical structure. The BMB exhibits a 150 % faster hydrogenation than MSH at 150 °C, and it releases 170 % more hydrogen compared to DBT at 270 °C. In addition, we analyzed the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation pathways according to the structures of DBT and BMB. Furthermore, we found that BMB (27 %) is inevitably generated in the MSH synthesis process alongside DBT (73 %). Based on this, we propose a streamlined and sustainable engineered method for improved MSH material manufacturing with a high BMB ratio (∼70 %). The scientific findings provide a fundamental understanding of DBT-based LOHC systems and new insights into the design of novel LOHC candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent research article published in Angewandte Chemie titled "Ubiquitous non‐Fenton‐type reactive oxygen species drive abiotic CH4 production" by Shungui Zhou, Yujie Xiong, and their colleagues explores the production of methane in natural environments. The study reveals that non-Fenton-type reactive oxygen species play a crucial role in the abiotic production of methane. This discovery not only enhances our understanding of methane production in complex natural environments but also presents a sustainable and straightforward method for engineering methane production as a valuable energy resource. The authors of the article include Jie Ye, Andong Hu, Chao Gao, Fengqi Li, Lei Li, Yulin Guo, Guoping Ren, Bing Li, Christopher Rensing, Kenneth H. Nealson, Shungui Zhou, and Yujie Xiong. [Extracted from the article]

A recent research article published in Angewandte Chemie International Edition discusses the discovery of abiotic methane production driven by non-Fenton-type reactive oxygen species. The study, conducted by Shungui Zhou, Yujie Xiong, and their colleagues, sheds light on the production of methane in complex natural environments and presents a sustainable and innovative approach for engineering methane production as an energy resource. The findings have significant implications for our understanding of methane production and offer potential solutions for energy production. [Extracted from the article]

This study investigates the performance of Pervious Concrete (PC) with varying quantities of Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) replaced by Waste Tire Rubber (WTR) (5%, 10% and 15% by weight) whereas Silica Fume (SF) (5%, 10% and 15%) and Fly Ash (FA) (10% constant) were employed as substitute for cement. This research aims at optimizing the mix of High Strength Rubberized Pervious Concrete (HSRPC) using Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs), comparing experimental stress-strain graphs with the developed constitutive models and conducting a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Physical and mechanical performance of PC were examined using permeability and strength indices. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observed microstructural variations and Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) development. The use of WTR increased the permeability and decreased the strength indices. The permeability of mixes with 5, 10 and 15% WTR was found to be 4.00, 4.21 and 4.49 mm/s, which were more than control mix permeability. The compressive strength of PC with 5%, 10%, and 15% WTR was determined to be 32.48, 29.29, and 26.94 MPa, respectively, which were lower than control PC compressive strength which was 35.41 MPa. However, the addition of SF and FA enhanced the mechanical properties while causing a decrease in the permeability. Increasing SF content from 0% to 15% enhanced the compressive strength of PC containing 5% WTR, from 32.48 to 40.71 MPa. Developed constitutive models compared the stress-strain response of PC. Life cycle assessment showed that WTR, SF, and FA-based PC reduced the global warming. [Display omitted] • Development of HSRPC using SCM's. • Recycling Waste Tire Rubber to reduce CO 2 emissions. • Silica fume improves the mechanical properties. • Develop constitutive models that characterizes the stress-strain behavior of HSRPC. • Life cycle assessment of rubberized PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pharmaceutical active compound (PhAC) residues are considered an emerging micropollutant that enters the aquatic environment and causes harmful ecotoxicity. The significant sources of PhACs in the environment include the pharmaceutical industry, hospital streams, and agricultural wastes (animal husbandry). Recent investigations demonstrated that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an important source of PhACs discharging ecosystems. Several commonly reported that PhACs are detected in a range level from ng L−1 to μg L−1 concentration in WWTP effluents. These compounds can have acute and chronic adverse impacts on natural wildlife, including flora and fauna. The approaches for PhAC removals in WWTPs include bioremediation, adsorption (e.g., biochar, chitosan, and graphene), and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Overall, adsorption and AOPs can effectively remove PhACs from wastewater aided by oxidizing radicals. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has also proved to be a sustainable solution. Bioremediation approaches such as membrane bioreactors (MBRs), constructed wetlands (CWs), and microalgal-based systems were applied to minimize pharmaceutical pollution. Noteworthy, applying MBRs has illustrated high removal efficiencies of up to 99%, promising prospective future. However, WWTPs should be combined with advanced solutions, e.g., AOPs/photodegradation, microalgae–bacteria consortia, etc., to treat and minimize their accumulation. More effective and novel technologies (e.g., new generation bioremediation) for PhAC degradation must be investigated and specially designed for a low-cost and full-scale. Investigating green and eco-friendly PhACs with advantages, e.g., low persistence, no bioaccumulation, less or non-toxicity, and environmentally friendly, is also necessary. [Display omitted] • PhACs are found in the range from ng to μg L−1 concentration in WWTPs effluents • Pharmaceuticals have both acute and chronic harmful impacts • AOPs reach high effective removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater owing to oxidizing radicals • The high removal efficiency of up to 99% and MBRs indicate prospective treatment • Microalgal-based technologies were applied to minimize pharmaceuticals effectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased awareness of sustainability and concerns about global warming have prompted the construction industry to explore green sustainable materials such as geopolymer composites as an eco-friendly alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). This study developed ambient-cured lightweight geopolymer composites (LWGPCs) by incorporating different volume fractions of expanded clay (EC). The physical and quasi-static characteristics of LWGPCs with various EC contents were investigated. Empirical formulae for the quasi-static compressive and splitting tensile strength, as well as the elastic modulus of LWGPCs were proposed. A Ø 100-mm split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system was employed to investigate the dynamic compressive and splitting tensile properties of LWGPCs. The failure processes and failure patterns of LWGPCs, as well as the stress–strain curves and the energy absorption capacities under different strain rates were compared. Based on the testing results, empirical formulae of the DIF (dynamic increase factor) for LWGPCs compressive and split tensile strength as well as the energy absorption capacities were proposed. This study offers valuable insights into the material performance of ambient-cured LWGPCs with EC as sustainable materials under quasi-static and dynamic loading, paving the way for further developing and application of lightweight and sustainable engineering materials in construction. • New ambient-cured geopolymer composites with expanded clay was developed. • Its physical and mechanical properties were investigated. • Its dynamic properties and energy absorption capacities were revealed. • Empirical formulae were proposed for dynamic properties and energy absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Advanced bibliometric analysis of ionic liquids in lipase-catalyzed reactions literature. • China, USA, Spain, France lead in IL-lipase use. • The software VOSViewer, CiteSpace, ArcMap, Excel and Google Sheets were used for analysis. • Analysis of the most used ionic liquids in recent years and their applications. • Ionic liquids and enzymes replace harmful chemicals with eco-friendly methods. Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used in many applications. Still, their use in enzyme engineering is particularly notable due to their environmentally friendly nature and efficient replacement of conventional organic solvents. Recently, lipase has emerged as an environmentally friendly catalyst. Nevertheless, using Lipases in the presence of ILs has led to a remarkable activity enhancement, making it a sustainable and non-harmful approach. This study conducted a bibliometric review of research articles published between 2010 and 2022 concerning the use of ILs in lipase-catalyzed reactions. The analysis was based on 206 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) database., which were analyzed using different software tools, such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and ArcGIS. Key findings included that over half of the publications originated from other countries, notably China (around 36.4%), the United States, Spain, and France. As a result of this bibliometric analysis, four emerging trends were identified: namely: i) lipase-catalyzed synthesis, ii) the use of deep eutectic solvent, iii) the application of ILs in secondary alcohol reactions, iv) the use of ILs as green solvents, and iv) the enzymatic ring-opening polymerization. The study also evaluated the most prominent authors, articles, and institutions that provide comprehensive data on up-to-date research on ILs and lipases. It is noted that the studies identify significant advantages in this field, showing a positive trend of promising results, especially with the development of improved and environmentally friendly processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study characterizes the spatio-temporal wave variability along Southwestern Nigerian coastal and shelf areas in the Gulf of Guinea. This is to provide further insight into the hydrodynamic factors that influence geomorphologic changes on the low-lying coast. Reanalysis wind-field datasets are employed to generate hourly wind forcing for an unstructured WAVEWATCH III model to simulate some bulk wave parameters. The model is validated against data from offshore buoys and satellite altimetry at selected locations near the coast. Results show that the waves have an annual average of significant wave height (H s), peak period (T p), and wind speed (u) of ∼0.5 m, 4.1 s, and 3.9 m/s, respectively. They exhibit seasonal spatial variability that is highest in the peak rainy season from July to September (Av. H s : 0.56–0.79 m; Av. T p : 4.68–5.18 s; Av. u : 4.30–5.22 m/s) and lowest in the early dry season from November to January (Av. H s : 0.26–0.34 m; Av. T p : 3.37–3.80 s; Av. u : 3.25–3.50 m/s). Also, the monthly averaged wave power varies from 0.2 to 2.8 kW/m annually. However, a maximum H s of 2.2 m that generated power of 9.4 kW/m for 11.1 s was recorded during the peak of the rainy season in August. Overall, waves with relatively low intensity, which can be classified as smooth to moderate, propagate from the southwest direction and decrease towards the coast. The higher H s and T p recorded during the peak of rainy and end of dry seasons are attributed to the influence of far-away swells. A comparative assessment indicates that the Barrier-Lagoon coast is highly controlled by waves, while the Mahin mud coast, which witnesses frequent flooding events that degrade its shoreline, has little wave influence. Thus, local subsidence that increases the relative sea level is suggested to be taking place at sections of the muddy coast. This information is crucial for the sustainable engineering design and management of low-lying coasts. • The SW Nigerian coastal and shelf area is characterized by smooth to moderate waves. • The waves exhibit seasonal variations that are strongest at the peak of rainy seasons. • The Barrier-Lagoon shelf has relatively stronger waves that can be harnessed. • Complex hydrodynamic interactions control geomorphological changes in the area. • Mahin coastal degradation is aggravated by alterations in local geomorphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing role of biocatalysis in the green and sustainable manufacture of chemicals is discussed. In the last two decades the breadth and scope of biocatalysis has increased enormously as a result of remarkable advances in metagenomics, protein engineering and bioinformatics. Moreover, the use of enzymes has become more cost-effective through advances in immobilization technologies and the application of the immobilized enzymes in continuous flow operation in packed bed reactors. Consequently, biocatalysis is already the method of choice for the synthesis of enantiopure chiral products for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Further applications in commodity chemicals manufacture are currently being stimulated by the increasing maturity of biocatalysis and the ongoing transition to a bio-based circular economy based on the valorization of organic waste on the road to net zero manufacturing. • Biocatalysis is green and sustainable. • Biocatalysis is the method of choice for producing enantiomerically pure products. • Biocatalysis the appropriatetechnology for waste valorization. • Biocatalysis is an ideal tool for a circular bio-based economy. • Biocatalysis shows the way on the road to net zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]