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The article examines the European Defense Community (EDC) plan and criticism regarding its implementation. The campaign for the EDC led by French Premier René Mayer has encountered opposition from proponents in the National Assembly. French Socialists insist that it can only support a European Army by having Great Britain as a member of the EDC, while the Nationalists advocate Germany's plan of rearmament and insist on full control of the French armed forces.

The article provides information from the field of art. There has just been opened in the Champ de Mars one of the most interesting exhibitions held in Paris, France for some time past. Nothing could be more appropriate than the place and time chosen for the show. Lithography reached the very height of its popularity and artistic development in France, which, in this case, certainly means Paris; and it is now one hundred years exactly since accident led its discoverer to a discovery destined to prove so important in its results. Some art historians have urged the year 1898 as the proper centennial. Bernard Quaritch purchased collection of American colonial manuscripts, on account of the British Museum authorities. Besides numerous papers relating to Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, and the West Indies, the volume contains papers relating to New England and Virginia. The students wishing to examine the papers should have at hand the printed catalogue of Additions to the Manuscripts in the British Museum, 1854-1875, published in 1877.

Focuses on several socio-political issues around the world. Decision of France and Great Britain to publish a "blue book" and a "white paper" giving the correspondence and other pertinent documents regarding terms of the Anglo-French naval agreement; Acceptance of the French view that trained reservists are not to be counted as part of official military strength of any nation, by England in exchange for the naval agreement; Intentions of the Nanking government to proceed vigorously toward the abolition of extraterritoriality.

Focuses on the French approach to its debts from the U.S. and Great Britain. Report that Great Britain has laid down the principle that she wants from the collectivity of continental debtors only sufficient payments to enable her to effect her own payments to the United States; Argument of the French that they should only be asked to pay a proper proportion of this reduced sum; Report that the French take the reduction to be absolute when in fact it is only conditional, and then urge that they are only liable, if the Soviet Union is excluded for half the amount required by Great Britain; Report that the Dawes Report is actually given an American name; View that in adopting the principle of the capacity of payment France does not adopt the principle of an impartial investigation into her finances; Information on the figures of French finances as they have been laid down by official persons for the guidance of the American Debt Funding Commission; View that France does recognize her debts and is only desirous of discussing ways and means; Report that while the currency is in a state of flux no valuation of wealth is possible and even were it possible it would be a poor guide to France's capacity, since much of the national wealth is altogether unconvertible; Report that while France protests that she could only pay something over 2,000,000,000 paper francs a year to both U.S. and Great Britain, the demands on her amount to about 4,000,000,000 which is the cost of the upkeep of her military forces; Report that Great Britain, though not protectionist in the same sense, is alarmed at commercial competition and the continued existence of unemployment and cannot favor and facilitate the transference either of German or of French wealth.

The article presents the author's views, on his trip to Great Britain. When I arrived in England, it had just become clear that the hopes raised by the swift rush of the Allied armies through France and Belgium were premature, that no early collapse of Germany could be expected, that the discomforts, the shortages and the strains of war must be endured for months to come. Moreover, it was apparent that the capture of the "rocket coast" bad not ended the dangers of war for the civilian population; southern England was still within range of the enemy's vengeance weapons and faced continued desultory bombardment. Disappointed but not discouraged, certain that victory was only postponed, Britons were bracing themselves for the sixth winter of war.

Comments on political, as well as social, developments around the world. Need to avoid discord between Great Britain and France over any question of European policy; Factors that have lead to resentment in Great Britain; Role of the U.S. in case Great Britain and France break on the question of substituting new balance of power in Europe for the present dictatorship; Refusal of U.S. President Warren Harding administration to exhibit the slightest official interest in the Silesian question; Inadequacy of the removal of obstacles to Russian trade; Discussion on the trade agreement between the Soviet Union and England; Information on accounts in British papers which have made it possible to unravel in large part the mystery of the sudden collapse of the Triple Alliance strike called to help miners.

The article provides information on the lumps of coal given to the daughter-in-law of the first British Ambassador to Egypt Graham Lampson by her French friends, who were concerned over the critical fuel shortage in Great Britain in 1951. It says that Lampson showed a half a hundredweight of coal when she was asked for anything to declare after she got back from France. The author adds that each lump of coal was neatly wrapped in tissue paper when Lampson showed up at the Victoria Station in London, England.

This article presents news including the freedom and restoration of government in the capitals of France and Belgium with Greece soon to follow, the unconscious conspiracy between the United States Army censors and the publication of newspapers in the U.S., and the conclusion of the robot bombs over England, which will soon correct the blackout policy in London, Great Britain.

A biography of French spy, diplomat, and soldier Chevalier Charles Geneviève Louis Auguste André Timothée D'Eon de Beaumont, born in 1728, is presented. It comments on his service in the French secret diplomacy system Le Secret du Roi, noting that he dressed as a woman for espionage purposes. The author considers D'Eon's postings in Russia and in England and examines his rivalry with Comte Claude Louis François Régnier de Guerchy. The controversy of D'Eon's anatomical sex is also explored.

The article discusses the emergence of the Algerian rebellion as a major problem of the Western world and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1957. The U.S. and Great Britain are finding it difficult to support the French Algerian policy on military and diplomatic levels. The image of the two countries among the French is expected to be negatively affected by their move to pressure France to address the Algerian problem. French officials are said to be preparing for an attack on their policy at the NATO meeting.

The book "Tonkin; or, France in the Far East," by C.B. Norman has spared no labor to make himself a thorough master of the subject before sitting down to write. Captain Norman devotes a good many pages to a comparative estimate of the military and naval resources of China and the French Republic, and, on paper at least, the resources of the former Power are made to appear very considerable. There is another cause which largely detracts from the lofty moral tone winch Captain Norman thinks fit to assume when speaking of the crimes of France, and that is his excessive alarm at what may be the consequences of those crimes to Great Britain.

Presents information on several social and political developments around the world. Discussion on the present disposition of the U.S. electorate; Implications of the formation of the American Labor party in New York; Comments on the views of British Prime Minister Lloyd George over the British troops at Chanak; Discussion on the proposed French expenditure on its navy; Contention between France and Germany over the payment of reparations by Germany; Discussion on the demand of Bishop James Cannon of the Methodist Episcopal Church to send the U.S. army to the Near East; Discussion on the benefits of British payment of debt to the U.S.; Reply of Captain Paxton Hibben to the allegation that he supported the Soviet Government; Implication of the order of U.S. President Warren Harding to refer to the Tariff Commission all applications for relief under the provision of the tariff law; Discussion on the protests over a visa to permit Jean Longuet, Head of French Socialist Part, to visit the U.S.; Discussion on two incidences in the U.S. where judges refused to grant citizenship papers to aliens.

September 29, 1943 is the fifth anniversary of the signing of the Munich pact. By now the entire world is in agreement that for the French and British the pact was the greatest diplomatic defeat in modern history. But it was not an isolated defeat. It was the culmination of a series of shameful submissions that began in 1936 when German troops entered the demilitarized Rhineland and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain found it was natural for the Germans to reoccupy territory which they had been forced to cede.

One cannot say by what initiative, or through whom the negotiations for the German-Soviet pact of August, 1939, were started. One regarded the Soviet-French-English conversations as definitely ended and believed that the Soviet Union would now orient itself solely according to its own advantage and security. Knowing itself unprepared, it would seek to postpone war as long as possible and meanwhile prepare feverishly for war. At the same time one was sure that Soviet Union would not lose sight of its eventual revolutionary goal, even though it might be forced into apparently or really illogical action.

Presents socio-political and economic news from the world. Report that the visit of French Premier Pierre Laval to Berlin, Germany, was important because it symbolized the desideratum of European recovery and stability--Franco-German rapprochement; Report that the Scandinavian countries which have followed Great Britain off the gold standard have done so primarily because they were in a similar situation; Report that the principal loss which Great Britain suffers as a result of the abandonment of the gold standard arises, not from the fall, but from the fluctuation in the exchange value of the pound; Efforts to bring peace and conciliation between Japan and China in the wake of the war in Manchuria, China; Cancellation of the biennial meeting of the Institute of Pacific Relations due to the Manchurian episode; Profiles U.S. educator and ichthyologist, David Starr Jordan; Speculation on Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's visit to Lancashire, England; Report that for many weeks, the civil authorities of Harlan, Kentucky, who are openly allied with the coals mine owners against the striking miners, have exercised a press censorship; Economic situation of Detroit, Michigan and its consequences on public; Criticism of Governor of California for putting the district attorney Charles M. Fickert, on the state pay roll; Criticism of the cutting of trees in the U.S. for constructions on land.

The article reports on the economic conflict of six-nation Common Market (European Economic Community) and another group of six nations that failed to include the proposed Free Trade Area (FTA) to the Common Market. It mentions that this conflict has been developing for months, with France and Great Britain constantly debating as the respective leaders of the Common Market and FTA. It cites that France did not accepted the FTA for political and economic reasons.

When the Foreign Ministers of the United States, Great Britain, and France meet next month, they will have a lengthy agenda to discuss: relations with Russia, China, and Germany. On the subject of Germany, the real nerve center of European politics, differences of opinion among the Western powers have widened in recent months. Not that they have received contradictory reports as to what is going on in the former realm of Hitler. The resurgence of Nazism is unanimously recognized by the three governments. It is now accepted as normal that close collaborators of Hitler are allowed to occupy high positions both in industry and government; that the cartels, outlawed by the American Military Government three years ago, are reappearing and are more powerful than ever; that publishers of former Nazi papers, unrepentant and unchanged, are receiving facilities for printing venomous, anti-Semitic periodicals.

Focuses on the tour of former French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau to the U.S. Attitude of the press towards Clemenceau's tour; Information on the political situation of France; Prospects of Clemenceau's returning to power; Necessity of maintaining whole-souled cooperation with Great Britain; Role of Clemenceau in European and world politics.

The article offers information on international business developments for the week of July 30, 1949. The Conservative Party of Great Britain has endorsed the campaigns of the Labor Party except its proposal to nationalize the industries. The bonuses received by selected government employees in France is criticized by the liberal conservatives and the employers association. The lack of cheap labor and the demand of workers for higher wages has a negative effect on the productivity of western Europe.

Focuses on the Dawes Plan to settle the payment of German reparations. Lack of export surplus in the country; Insistence of France and Great Britain that the question of reparations and debts owed by the Allies should be considered jointly; Suggestion that a smaller total of reparations for cash payment should be made through a bond issue of possible size; Abandonment of the plan to sell German railroad and industrial bonds to American investors and to use the proceeds for the German reparation debt in one grand cash payment to the Allies.

The Anglo-French fleet lies today in the opening of the Straits of Salamis and by those leaving may be plainly seen between the island of Psyttaleia and the mainland to the right of the entry of the outer harbor of Piraeus. From heights of the rocky promontory at the end of the peninsula of Piraeus, groups of Athenians watch it and the presence of the great fleet brings home to all the sea power of England and France combined.

The article presents some political updates. It highlights the assassination of French socialist leader and journalist Jean Leon Jaurès. People of France paid homage to Jaurès by carrying on a peaceful parade in honor of a friend than the menacing demonstration that had been feared. Half way up the avenue a bust of Jaurès had been set up and draped in crimson bunting. Mothers lifted their children high to see it as they passed by. Men tossed their hats skyward. Another update focuses on the Great Britain's government policy towards the army, navy and the air force.

Presents news briefs, related to socio-political developments of several nations. Prohibition of sanctions against Italy, until League Council meets on January 20; Declaration of Germany that there would be no air pact between Germany and Great Britain until Germany's lost colonies were restored and the responsibility-for-the-war clause eliminated from the Versailles Treaty; Demonstration of high-school and college students denouncing Japanese aggression and calling upon the central government for active resistance continued throughout China; Significance of the January first, for several political decisions in the U.S.; Plans of the organization National Peace Conference to continue the present embargo on actual arms and munitions to all belligerents; Comments made by journalist William Randolph Hearst, on the link of communists with kidnapping; Resignation of James G. McDonald as League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from Germany; Method used by France to dissolve armed fascist leagues within the framework of democracy; Amendments for :he confiscation of collective as well as individual armaments in France; Efforts of District Central Labor Union of Columbia to fight against reenactment of the teachers' oath law; Employment status of women graduates from the Purdue University.

Presents an update on recent political and social events in the U.S. and the world. Conditions in Europe after completion of five years of the First World War with Germany being curbed by France is on the verge of political and economic collapse; Tactics adopted by French Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré to escape from an awkward predicament of attending the conference to discuss the debt crisis in Europe with Great Britain and the U.S. by placing unacceptable conditions for his attendance; Reply to the questions on the closeness of nations placed by the New York World; Account of unaltered views of former U.S. President Woodrow Wilson on world politics; Comment on the recommendations by U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Andrew William Mellon.

Reports on several socio-political events from the world. Speculation on the policies of the new U.S. President Calvin Coolidge; Report that the French reply to Great Britain's Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin's note virtually ignores the main proposal of the British and does so in terms which from one ally to another constitute an extraordinary rebuff; Issues related to the French occupation of Ruhr, Germany; Information on the Irish developments, the struggle over the Turkish-American treaty, and the Russian progress; Information on the conference on U.S. farmers and laborers conditions at Minneapolis, Minnesota; Speculation on Coolidge's policy on the American participation in the World Court; Offer made by the owners of bituminous coal mines to give their entire industry to the government in case the anthracite miners go on strike; Information on dispatch of the newspaper "The Chicago Tribune," about an agreement signed between France and England; View that nothing can swerve France from her determination never to let go her hand on Germany until that nation has totally collapsed; View that monarchists are much more likely to contribute to the separatist tendencies, which will be in evidence after the French set up their Rhineland Republic, Germany; Speculation on the automobile manufacturer Henry Ford's chance of securing the Democratic nomination for U.S. President; Information on the present political conditions of Ireland; Statement of Judge Elbert H. Gary on plans for abolition of the twelve-hour-day in the U.S. steel industry; Statement of the U.S. manufacturers that the change to the shorter day will require about 60,000 more laborers, and these will not be available unless the restrictions on immigration are relaxed; Report that the additional ballots during the past week have produced no change in the standing of the various candidates in the journal's Straw Vote; Information on the resignation of Philip Littell from the editorial board of the journal.

Focuses on socio-economic conditions in the world. Negotiations between Great Britain and France over war reparations of Germany; Account of the signing of the Near East treaty, the progress of the American-Turkish negotiations, and gathering signs of a coup d'etat at Athens, Greece; Description of U.S. President Warren Harding's illness; Speech made by Senator of California Hiram Warren Johnson on the interests of the U.S. in the World Court project; Fascination of Germans for the dictatorship of the proletariat, the confiscation of property and the extermination of the bourgeoisie as they decide to come up with German Revolution; Questions raised on the problems of monetary inflation that is gaining momentum in Germany; Announcement of the spokesman of the Steel Corp. that the hourly production of the eight-hour worker will be exactly that of the twelve-hour worker; Belief nurtured that if Russian crop estimates are reliable then the grain yield would be around a billion and a half of bushels; Declaration by Procter and Gamble Co. that thousands of employees in thirty American cities will be guaranteed not less than forty-eight weeks' employment at full pay, except when operation of the plants is interfered, with through fire, flood, strike or other extreme emergency.

Reports on several socio-political developments from the world. View that the primary purpose of France is not to secure reparations but to dismember Germany. Information on the acceptance by the French Chamber of the Washington Naval Treaty, success of the Lausanne Conference and the action of the League of Nations in regard to the Saar River Valley, Germany and France; Issues related to socio-politics and economics in the Soviet Union; Report that the U.S. Coal Commission recognizes the importance of the public interest and authorizes government interference in case of emergency; Socio-political news from different states of the U.S.; Information on the adoption of a definite policy on the Ruhr crisis by the British government; View that every act of sabotage and violence in the Ruhr works to the injury of Germany and the political benefit of France; View that an excellent thumbnail likeness of American journalism may be found by observing two news events reported by the newspaper "The New York Times"; Report that of the twenty-six political prisoners whose terms of imprisonment were commuted by U.S. President Warren Harding only eight have been released; View that the Coal Commission's report marks the beginning of a new epoch in American conservative thinking; Report that the liberals are heading for a third party and the most popular candidate to head the new ticket is Senator Robert Marion La Follette; View that the sentiment in favor of the United States entering the League seems to be increasing.

Presents information on recent political and social developments in the world. Factor which strongly contributed to the calamity of the First World War; Reference to the possibility that France will demand the abandonment of passive resistance from Germany; Topics to be discussed at a meeting of the League of Nations; Issues that will occupy significant position in the U.S. budget; Discussion of the problem faced by the U.S. Congress regarding liquor on foreign ships; Comment on the invasion of the Ruhr in Germany by the French army; Details about the papal letter which has caused much indignation in France; Decision of the British government to enlarge its air forces; Purpose of the Institute for Public Service behind its conference of the members of the boards of trustees of American universities; Information on the policies of Great Britain, France and the U.S. regarding the race for armaments; Shortage of housing in New York; Details about an ordinance passed related to apartment housing in New York; Attitude of liberals toward the League of Nations.

Focuses on French General Charles de Gaulle's attempts to advance the program of economic change which corresponds with the aspirations of the people, the Resistance Movement and the FFI. Efforts of de Gaulle to prevent the FFI from becoming the political militia of the Resistance Movement with which he shares the authority; Measures to be taken to nationalize enterprises of national interest, electrical resources, heavy industry, insurance and the big banks; Efforts of Great Britain to advise the French on the rehabilitation of industry and its cooperation in the Allied industrial effort; Attitude of the French people to the Church and to the collaborationist clergy.

This article offers world news briefs. Great Britain has cut off German ore shipments from the port of Narvik. Enemies of the U.S. Labor Board are attempting to destroy it by encirclement with certain amendments nullifying its effectiveness. Experts suggest that there are more illegal aliens in France than any other country.

This article discusses world news briefs. The Soviet Union's objective to cut Finland's rail connections with Sweden, which is the chief supply route, is described. Great Britain is patrolling and attacking the bases of German aircraft mine-layers, invading German harbors. Italy's Foreign Minister Count Ciano made a speech praising Germany and professing hostility for Great Britain and France.

This article discusses the destruction of Hitlerism, its meaning, and what is to follow. Rumors surrounding cooperation between the governments of Great Britain and France to end the war and render it impossible for Germany to fight are discussed. Additionally, important changes have taken place in Italy's foreign policy.

The Geneva agreements embodied triumph and tragedy. France did not win as its representative did, the truce agreement was not so much a new loss for France as the candid acknowledgement of a loss that had already taken place for a colonial power in the political and military arena of Asia. Great Britain itself could hardly have been said to have won or lost except in the long-term sense that it might gain from peace. The position of the Soviet Union was roughly similar to that of Great Britain. For the Americans there was only tragedy. Except for the Vietnam government, the U.S. suffered the greatest loss of all.

This article presents brief information on political conditions of several nations. France has finally withdrawn its objections to the "rearmament amendment" of the Bonn constitution. Nevertheless, Washington welcomed French final acquiescence, which means that Theodor Heuss, President of the Bonn Republic, is constitutionally authorized to sign the ratification instruments of the E. D. C: and the Bonn peace contract with the Allies. The growth of Middle Eastern tension accurately reflects the deterioration in the United Nations. In this instance the difficulty arises from the unwillingness of the U.S. and Great Britain, to abandon Arab appeasement in favor of a firm policy aimed at establishing regional peace.

This article presents information on various political developments in the world. When the new French Chamber met, it was difficult to know exactly what its character would be. One thing was certain, the monarchical group, Royalists and Bonapartists together, which numbered as much as 150 in the last Chamber, had been reduced to about fifty. But the republican majority was composed of very heterogeneous elements, it embraced the Opportunists, the more or less conservative Republicans, the more or less advanced Radicals, and with them a large number of socialists. Although the Government majority in Great Britain, after the general election, fell slightly short of what sanguine Liberals had anticipated, seldom did a session open with higher hopes than that which met here on the 31st of January. The Queen's speech foreshadowed the following great measures, home rule, registration reform, shortening duration of Parliament, one man one vote, employers' liability, parish councils, local veto, church suspensory bills preparatory to disestablishment for Scotland and Wales.

This article presents brief descriptions of various socio-political developments and issues. It reports developments regarding the British campaign against Syria. Henry Maitland Wilson, who commands the British and Free French forces, is anxious to restrict casualties on both sides as much as possible. But desertions from Vichy's army in France appear to have been on a smaller scale than had been expected, while the attitude of the main body of Syrian Arabs has not yet been clearly defined. The article discusses the President's action closing German consular and propaganda offices in the United States. It has long been an open secret that German consular officials have been supervising propaganda activities detrimental to the policies of U.S. government. An issue regarding the statement of the Polish cabinet in exile in London pledging equal treatment in the new Free Poland for citizens regardless of nationality, race, or religion is discussed here.

This article presents brief descriptions of various current political and social developments and issues. It reports that the British decision to occupy Syria might be seen obvious, but it will be associated with high risks. The danger to the whole British position in the Middle East if the Nazis secured full military control of this vital region was plain to the most amateur strategist. But it was also necessary to take into account the possibility that invasion of this French mandate would give Vichy, France, an excuse to become a military member of the Axis and to order its navy into action against the British Mediterranean fleet. Although the Vichy government has reacted to the British invasion of Syria with load and indignant protests, it now seems improbable that it will forthwith plunge into general war with Britain.

This article focuses on the military of various countries around the world during the second World War. The greatest disaster in the world would be, not the military defeat of France or even of France and Great Britain, but the acceptance by the U.S. of the myth that Nazi Germany is invincible. The terrifying union of organization and armed might with implacable aggression may overwhelm the unready European democracies. If the U.S. allows itself to be deceived by its real fifth column, American democracy will soon enjoy the privilege of choosing weapons for its own suicide. It may revoke the liberties which are its very essence order to crush those who challenge the whole idea of liberty. Exhausted by its vain efforts to hold back the endless waves of fresh Nazi troops and tanks, the French army has broken.