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A new glucoside, Nukain, was isolated from the water extract of rice bran as previously reported in this Journal 19, 577 (1943). The properties of Nukain and Nukagenin were investigated by the paper chromatography. The fluorescent spots on paper were observed under ultra-violet ray lamp. Though Nukain showed a tailing figure, Nukagenin gave a single spot. An yellow coloring matter isolated from the fraction precipitated with basic lead acetate showed 3 spots. The paper chromatography of the sugar fraction of Nukain by anilinehydro-genphthalate gave the figure of glucose. The selective adsorption of Nukain by ion exchange resin could not be remarkedly observed. An yellow coloring matter could not be adsorbed by both anion-or cation-exchange resin. Nukain and Nukagenin gave the characteristic spots by paper electrophoresis as snown in Table 5 and 6. When Nukain was treated with Takadiasta. se and emulsin two spots were observed as shown in Table 7 but the spot of Nukagenin could not be found. The zinc dust distillation product of Nukagenin showed a spot on paper chro-matogram by Dragendorf's reagent, which was identical with that of quinolin. Nukagenin may have a quinolin nucleus.

タンニンのpaper chromatographyに影響を及ぼす種種の因子について検討を行つた結果 i. タンニンのスポットの検出には紫外線及び0.5% FeCl3メタノール溶液が用いられる. ii. 濾紙を塩酸で前処理することによりタンニンのスポットのtailingを減少せしめることが出来た. iii. 多数の溶媒系について検討した結果NaHSO3の添加が有効であることより次の溶媒が比較的良好なchromatogramを与える事を知つた. n-BuOH: AcOH: 1% NaHSO3水溶液=4:1:5 (溶比)の上層(I)及び下層(II)並びに1% NaHSO3水溶液飽和フェノール(III)及びフェノール飽和1% NaHSO3水溶液(IV). Fig. 3にみられるようにタンニンのpaper chromatographyは1次元展開のみでは尚不充分であるが上記の4溶媒を適宜組合せて2次元展開を行えば更に良好なchromatogramがえられることは当然予想される処であるので,著者等は本実験で得られた成果に基づいてタンニンの2次元paper chromatographyを行い,ほぼ所期の目的を達することができた.この点については次報に於て述べる.

The migration distance of several scores of dyes in 30% and 4% acetic acid solutions in a horizontal-type apparatus permitting evaporation was measured. In these occasions, an extremely relationship was found to exist between the degree of influence of osmotic flow into filterpaper due to evaporation from the paper surface and the displacement ratios obtained from adsorption analysis with the same filterpaper.

1. Clost. felsineum var. sikokianumの培養液より粗酵素剤を調製し,これを使用して雁皮の白皮の酵素精練を実施し,抄紙に適当な開繊を認めた. 2. 酵素作用の最適pH価は6.0附近にあり,最適温度は40°であり, pH 6.0乃至7.0に於て最も安定であつた.酵素液を60°に20分加熱すると不活性化された. 3. 同細菌の酵素精練の条件を黴の場合と比較して相異点を認め,又同細菌のpolygalacturonase作用条件とも相異する点を指摘した. 御懇篤なる御指導を賜わつた京大片桐英郎教授に深謝し,実験遂行に御教示頂いた北原覚雄教授に感謝する.又実験を助力された本学の斎藤博氏に感謝する.費用の一部は文部省昭和27年度科学研究助成補助金によつた.

ペーパークロマトグラフィーと同位元素稀釈法を組せたアミノ酸定量法により3種の蛋白質Taka-amylase, Ovalburnin, Insulin (鰹,鯨)の8種類の構成アミノ酸,グルタミン酸,アスパラギン酸,グリシン,アラニン,バリン,ロイシン,又はイソロイシン,リジン,アルギニンの含量に就いて定量した.その方法は測定するアミ酸に相当する14Cアミノ酸を混合して最初は濾紙電気泳動法でアミノ酸を酸性,中性,塩基性の3群に分けた後各群についてペーパークロ-マトグラフィーを行い,個々に分離したアミノ酸は濾紙より抽出して発色による吸光度の測定と放射能とからアミノ酸の窒素含量を算出し蛋白質の窒素含との比を求めた.蛋白質量0.5mg, 14Cアミノ酸の放射能各々1000c. p. m.で1回の測定で可能である.本研究では8種類のアミノ酸についてしらべたが,蛋白質の全構成アミノ酸もこの方法で測定し得るわけである. 蛋白質の構成アミノ酸の定量法としては種々な方法があげられるが,其の特長として使用蛋白量が僅かなこと,定量時間が短かくて済むこと等から本法は特に酵素蛋白の如く試料が貴重な場合,又は反応過程中に速かに定量結果を知りたい場合,小数のアミノ酸について測定したい場合などには有効な方法であると思われる.

(1)ベーパークロマトグラフィによる茶葉タンニンの分離方法を設定するために,展開剤の選定,展開温度,展開剤の含水量について試驗した。展開されたタンニンは硫酸第二鐵によつて呈色させた. (2) その結果,茶葉タンiニンには供試した7種の溶剤の中,η一ブタノールの水飽和液が最も好結果を示した. (3) この方法によつて茶樹品種C-8, U-17,藪北の3種の茶葉タンニンの比較を行つたが,藪北は他の2種しとはタンニンの組成が違うことが分つた.

酵素反応液,アミノ酸醗酵液などにおけるように,数種のアミノ酸を含む試料中の特定のアミノ酸をペーパークロマトグラフィーにて分離した後定量する方法について検討し,従来の方法に2, 3の改良を加えて簡易化した. (1) ニンヒドリン発色は予備発色および本発色をわけて行い,本発色では濾紙に2%アセトン溶液を充分滲みこませ加熱し,アセトン蒸発後更に燐酸緩衝液を濾紙に充分噴霧して加熱発色した. (2) 発色部分を蒸気浴することによって未反応のアミノ酸を完全に反応させ,メタノール,燐酸緩衝液で色素を抽出した. (3) 本法による定量の誤差は±5%以内であることをみとめた.

もともとアミノ酸のペーパークロマトグラフィーによる比色定量法の難点とされていた分析精度に,詳細なる組織的検討を加えて,食品中のトリプトファンを除く18種のアミノ酸を, 6種類の展開溶剤を用いて一次元下降法によって正確,迅速に分離定量ができるように改良した.各アミノ酸の定量範囲は窒素として0.20～6.00γで,分析誤差は±2～3%であった. 本報では,おもに試料(標準)の調製および保存,試料の塗布,ろ紙の選択,ろ紙の洗浄および緩衝液のimpregnation,展開そう,展開室,展開温度,展開前の溶媒蒸気との飽和など,展開溶剤の選択を除いた展開の諸条件について検討を加え,これらを規制した.

Antibiotic discs were prepared, using several several batches of papers meeting Food and Drug Administration specifications. The analysis of 1,152 zones of inhibition produced showed no performance differences among these batches. Other discs were prepared using papers of different grades. These produced large differences in performance. It is obvious, therefore, that the use of a specified disc paper is necessary for standardizing the performances of the products of various manufacturers and that reproducible results can be attained with the grade of paper specified.

As the developing solvent in the paper chromatography of phenols, we found that the mix-ture of n-butanol, benzene, acetic acid, and water (1:5:1:0.5 by vol. %) is better than other solvents so for reported, (Table 1) and p-benzoquinone and p-nitrosodimethylaniline are preferable as the spraying reagent (Table 2).

カゼインを加水分解して〓-アミノイソ酪酸の分離確認をペーパークロマトグラフィーで研究して次の結果を得た. (1) ブタノール・酢酸・水(4・1:1.5重量)混液で他の殆んどのアミノ酸からイソの部分を分離できるがノルマルとは分離できない. (2) エタノール・水混液(9 1)が両異性体をよく分離展開する. (3) サリチルアルデハイドによるアセトン呈色によつて上記の経過で展開分離したアミィ酸がイソであることを傍証した. (4) 故に第一次にブタノール酢酸水混液で,第二次にてエタノール水混液で展開すればイソを純粋に分離確認し得る.この方法でガゼイン水解物中にイソの存在を確認した.

Separation of simple saturated hydroxamic acids with a chain length of one to nine carbon atoms has been achieved by partition chromatography on paper. The relative merits of a number of solvents are discussed.

butchers, food sellers, and banks) where paper currency is widely used. The currencies used by public transport in Nepal (micro-buses) were found to be extremely contaminated with various pathogenic bacteria followed by the currency used by butchers and food sellers. These microorganisms could be one of the major causes of widely transmitting diseases in Nepal. Eight different pathogenic bacteria were isolated that are the known to be involved in transmitting various diseases in Nepal. A lot of people loss their life every year in Nepal due to the transmittance of diseases by these kind of bacteria. Use of paper money could be one of the major sources of transmittance of such diseases in Nepal that provides platform for the growth of such bacteria. Public awareness of using paper currency in circulation became essential for the safety in human health.Key words: Escherichia coli; Infections; Pathogens; Staphylococcus aureus; Salmonella choleraesiusDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v10i0.2952Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 10, 2009 Page: 161-166

Lutidine (2, 6-dimethylpyridine) was used as a solvent for the separation of copper salts on paper partition chromatograph method, for this is superior to other solvents (phenol, isoamyl alcohol, . n-butanol, s-collidine). As the result of this experiment, the Rf values of copper salts increased with the rise of temperature, and the separation was not completed. The desirable temperature is 18_??_20°C. For making the samples, insoluble copper salts were dissolved in pyridine, in that case, pyridine did not affect the Rf values of copper salts. The Cu-pyridine gave an obscure spot which was separated from the amino acids (copper salts). The contents of water in lutidine influenced the Rf values of copper salts considerably, so it is desirable to saturate lutidine with water completely.

(1) CONSDEN の Peper partition chhromatographyの改良法によつて根菜類11種に就いて遊離amino acidの檢出を行つた. (2) 皮部及び肉質部に於ける遊離amino acidの分布には殆ど差異が認められなかつた. (3) 根菜類の種類により含有遊離amino acidの種類及び量には相當の開ぎが有することを認めた. (4) 之等に最も廣く分布し,且多量に含有せられるamino acidとしては次の9種力擧げられる. Alamine, Asparticacid, Asparagine, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Serine, Glycine, Lysine及びValine之に次ぎ一般的なものとしては次の8種である。 Arginine, Cystine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Methionine, Threonine及びTryptophane. (5) 根菜類の各に就いて含有遊離amino acildの特長が明かとなつた. 終りに御指導を賜つた佐橋佳一東大教授,貴重な資料を惠與されし山本亮博士並に千葉弘見東京教育大助教授に深甚の謝意を表する.

ぺーパークロマトグラフィとradio isotope dilution methodを組合せたアミノ酸の1定量法について述べた. 検体アミノ酸に,相当するC14ラベルアミノ酸を混合してペーパークロマトグラフィで展開する.各スポットの位置はニンヒドリン呈色反応とradioautographによつて定めた後,その部分を切り取り水でアミノ酸を抽出する.一部につぎradio-activityを測定し,他の一部につきニンヒドリン比色定量を行う.実測値から次の式に従い計算により検体アミノ酸の量を算出する. B=(添加アミノ酸c. p. m.)/C 1μMのアミノ酸数種類につき±10%の誤差範囲で定量することが出来た. 終りに終始御指導を頂いた赤堀四郎先生,丸尾文治先生並びに御助力を得た東京大学応朋微生物研究所第5研究室の方方に感謝致します.

The influence of a number of variables on the paper chromatographic behaviour of eight enzymes (proteinase, amylase, catalase, esterase, acid phosphatase, p-nitrophenyl-,8-glucosidase, salicinase, and sucrase) present in the culture filtrate of A. oryzae has been investigated. The solvent s)'Stems used were mixtures of aqueous buffers and organic liquids. The nature and concentration of both the organic liquid and the buffer, pH, and the solute concentration strongly influence the results.

Five distinct growth substances active in the Avena coleoptile straightgrowth test were separated by paper chromatography of ethanol extracts of nodules of Pisum arvense L. and Ulex europaeus L. Three of the active substances were classed as promotors, two as inhibitors, of coleoptile elongation. They exhibited the following migration behaviour in isopropanol-ammonia chromatography solvent

For the micro-estimation of substances in the spots on paper chromatogram, I have extr acted the solute by means of the improved apparatus (Fig. 1, 2. ). A cut spot of paper chromatogram (P) is inserted in the glass tube, in which there is a paper bridge (B) in order to regulate the rate of extraction, and is washed with the suitable solvent (S). I have estimated the flavonoide pigments by this apparatus.

This paper is concerned with the separation and determination of lysine from protein hydro-lysine, by means of paper ionophoresis. In regard to the separation and the recovery of lysine, the following conditions were found suitable: current; 3. 5 mA/4cm (width), voltage; 300 volts; duration, 180 minutes; electro-lyte; 5/100M solution. Under the present experimental 'condition, teh decomposition rate of lysine was estimated during ionophoresis, and data for the determination of lysine is given in Figures 3 and 5.

A study has been made of the behaviour in partition chromatography onfilter paper, by the method of Cons den, Gordon, and Martin (1944), of severalproteins commonly occurring in biological fluids. It is shown that the proteinin such fluids may appear as a ninhydrin-reacting spot in a characteristic positionon the chromatogram, and present a problem in identification.

Salmonellosis has been the object of considerable discussion and research activity during the past several years (2). The reported (6) frequency of Salmonella isolations appears to indicate that domestic poultry is the largest single reservoir of these organisms. However, many other species of domestic animals have been identified as vectors of the infection. Salmonella has been reported in feedstuffs, particularly animal by-products, in both this country and Europe. The public-health and economic implications of salmonellosis focus attention on the importance of accurate, rapid Salmonella detection screening procedures. Because time and skilled personnel are in short supply in many laboratories, PathoTec? (General Diagnostic Division, Warner-Chilcott Labs., Morris Plains, New Jersey) was tested in our research laboratory to evaluate the reliability and convenience of a shortened screening procedure to identify Salmonella presumptively.