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1,163 results on '"Olli T. Raitakari"'

1. Determinants of echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue in a general middle-aged population - The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Author: Behnoush Gustafsson, Suvi P. Rovio, Saku Ruohonen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Katja Pahkala, and Olli T. Raitakari
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the cardiac visceral fat depot proposed to play a role in the etiology of various cardiovascular disease outcomes. Little is known about EAT determinants in a general population. We examined cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants of echocardiograpghically measured EAT in early adulthood. Data on cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors were collected from participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS; N = 1667; age 34–49 years). EAT thickness was measured from parasternal long axis echocardiograms. Multivariable regression analysis was used to study potential EAT determinants. Possible effect modification of sex was addressed. Mean EAT thickness was 4.07 mm (95% CI 4.00–4.17). Multivariable analysis [β indicating percentage of change in EAT(mm) per one unit increase in determinant variable] indicated female sex (β = 11.0, P
Published: 2024
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2. Intergenerational continuity of loneliness and potential mechanisms: Young Finns Multigenerational Study

Author: Marko Elovainio, Kaisla Komulainen, Christian Hakulinen, Katja Pahkala, Suvi Rovio, Nina Hutri, Olli T. Raitakari, and Laura Pulkki-Råback
Subjects: Intergenerational transmission, Loneliness, Sex effects, Young Finns Study, Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Evidence on the intergenerational continuity of loneliness and on potential mechanisms that connect loneliness across successive generations is limited. We examined the association between loneliness of (G0) parents (859 mothers and 570 fathers, mean age 74 years) and their children (G1) (433 sons and 558 daughters, mean age 47 years) producing 991 parent–offspring pairs and tested whether these associations were mediated through subjective socioeconomic position, temperament characteristics, cognitive performance, and depressive symptoms. Mean loneliness across parents had an independent effect on their adult children’s experienced loneliness (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.23–2.42). We also found a robust effect of mothers’ (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.17–2.29), but not of fathers’ loneliness (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 0.96–2.25) on offspring’s experienced loneliness in adulthood. The associations were partly mediated by offspring depressive (41–54%) and anxiety (29–31%) symptoms. The current findings emphasize the high interdependence of loneliness within families mediated partly by offspring’s mental health problems.
Published: 2024
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3. X-chromosome and kidney function: evidence from a multi-trait genetic analysis of 908,697 individuals reveals sex-specific and sex-differential findings in genes regulated by androgen response elements

Author: Markus Scholz, Katrin Horn, Janne Pott, Matthias Wuttke, Andreas Kühnapfel, M. Kamal Nasr, Holger Kirsten, Yong Li, Anselm Hoppmann, Mathias Gorski, Sahar Ghasemi, Man Li, Adrienne Tin, Jin-Fang Chai, Massimiliano Cocca, Judy Wang, Teresa Nutile, Masato Akiyama, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Nisha Bansal, Mary L. Biggs, Thibaud Boutin, Hermann Brenner, Ben Brumpton, Ralph Burkhardt, Jianwen Cai, Archie Campbell, Harry Campbell, John Chalmers, Daniel I. Chasman, Miao Ling Chee, Miao Li Chee, Xu Chen, Ching-Yu Cheng, Renata Cifkova, Martha Daviglus, Graciela Delgado, Katalin Dittrich, Todd L. Edwards, Karlhans Endlich, J. Michael Gaziano, Ayush Giri, Franco Giulianini, Scott D. Gordon, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Stein Hallan, Pavel Hamet, Catharina A. Hartman, Caroline Hayward, Iris M. Heid, Jacklyn N. Hellwege, Bernd Holleczek, Hilma Holm, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Kristian Hveem, Berend Isermann, Jost B. Jonas, Peter K. Joshi, Yoichiro Kamatani, Masahiro Kanai, Mika Kastarinen, Chiea Chuen Khor, Wieland Kiess, Marcus E. Kleber, Antje Körner, Peter Kovacs, Alena Krajcoviechova, Holly Kramer, Bernhard K. Krämer, Mikko Kuokkanen, Mika Kähönen, Leslie A. Lange, James P. Lash, Terho Lehtimäki, Hengtong Li, Bridget M. Lin, Jianjun Liu, Markus Loeffler, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Nicholas G. Martin, Koichi Matsuda, Yuri Milaneschi, Pashupati P. Mishra, Nina Mononen, Grant W. Montgomery, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Winfried März, Matthias Nauck, Kjell Nikus, Ilja M. Nolte, Raymond Noordam, Yukinori Okada, Isleifur Olafsson, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Markus Perola, Nicola Pirastu, Ozren Polasek, David J. Porteous, Tanja Poulain, Bruce M. Psaty, Ton J. Rabelink, Laura M. Raffield, Olli T. Raitakari, Humaira Rasheed, Dermot F. Reilly, Kenneth M. Rice, Anne Richmond, Paul M. Ridker, Jerome I. Rotter, Igor Rudan, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Veikko Salomaa, Neil Schneiderman, Ben Schöttker, Mario Sims, Harold Snieder, Klaus J. Stark, Kari Stefansson, Hannah Stocker, Michael Stumvoll, Patrick Sulem, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Per O. Svensson, E-Shyong Tai, Kent D. Taylor, Bamidele O. Tayo, Andrej Teren, Yih-Chung Tham, Joachim Thiery, Chris H. L. Thio, Laurent F. Thomas, Johanne Tremblay, Anke Tönjes, Peter J. van der Most, Veronique Vitart, Uwe Völker, Ya Xing Wang, Chaolong Wang, Wen Bin Wei, John B. Whitfield, Sarah H. Wild, James F. Wilson, Thomas W. Winkler, Tien-Yin Wong, Mark Woodward, Xueling Sim, Audrey Y. Chu, Mary F. Feitosa, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Adriana M. Hung, Alexander Teumer, Nora Franceschini, Afshin Parsa, Anna Köttgen, Pascal Schlosser, and Cristian Pattaro
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract X-chromosomal genetic variants are understudied but can yield valuable insights into sexually dimorphic human traits and diseases. We performed a sex-stratified cross-ancestry X-chromosome-wide association meta-analysis of seven kidney-related traits (n = 908,697), identifying 23 loci genome-wide significantly associated with two of the traits: 7 for uric acid and 16 for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), including four novel eGFR loci containing the functionally plausible prioritized genes ACSL4, CLDN2, TSPAN6 and the female-specific DRP2. Further, we identified five novel sex-interactions, comprising male-specific effects at FAM9B and AR/EDA2R, and three sex-differential findings with larger genetic effect sizes in males at DCAF12L1 and MST4 and larger effect sizes in females at HPRT1. All prioritized genes in loci showing significant sex-interactions were located next to androgen response elements (ARE). Five ARE genes showed sex-differential expressions. This study contributes new insights into sex-dimorphisms of kidney traits along with new prioritized gene targets for further molecular research.
Published: 2024
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4. Identification of gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using whole blood transcriptome in the Young Finns Study

Author: Binisha H. Mishra, Emma Raitoharju, Nina Mononen, Aino Saarinen, Jorma Viikari, Markus Juonala, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Terho Lehtimäki, and Pashupati P. Mishra
Subjects: depressive symptoms, cardiovascular health, comorbidity, multimorbidity, transcriptome, gene networks, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: BackgroundStudies have shown that cardiovascular health (CVH) is related to depression. We aimed to identify gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using the whole blood transcriptome.Materials and methodsWe analyzed human blood transcriptomic data to identify gene co-expression networks, termed gene modules, shared by Beck’s depression inventory (BDI-II) scores and cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics as markers of depression and cardiovascular health, respectively. The BDI-II scores were derived from Beck’s Depression Inventory, a 21-item self-report inventory that measures the characteristics and symptoms of depression. CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association criteria using seven indices: smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Joint association of the modules, identified with weighted co-expression analysis, as well as the member genes of the modules with the markers of depression and CVH were tested with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).ResultsWe identified a gene module with 256 genes that were significantly correlated with both the BDI-II score and CVH metrics. Based on the MANOVA test results adjusted for age and sex, the module was associated with both depression and CVH markers. The three most significant member genes in the module were YOD1, RBX1, and LEPR. Genes in the module were enriched with biological pathways involved in brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s.ConclusionsThe identified gene module and its members can provide new joint biomarkers for depression and CVH.
Published: 2024
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5. Association of number of siblings with preclinical markers of cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular risk in Young Finns study

Author: Jukka Pihlman, Costan G. Magnussen, Tomi T. Laitinen, Saku Ruohonen, Katja Pahkala, Eero Jokinen, Tomi P. Laitinen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Päivi Tossavainen, Leena Taittonen, Mika Kähönen, Jorma SA. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Markus Juonala, and Joel Nuotio
Subjects: Number of siblings, Cardiovascular disease, Echocardiography, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: To investigate the association of number of siblings with preclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers in adulthood.The sample comprised 2776 participants (54 % female) from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study who had CVD risk factor data measured in childhood in 1980 (aged 3–18 years) and markers of preclinical CVD measured in adulthood. Echocardiography was performed in 2011, and carotid intima-media thickness, carotid distensibility, brachial flow-mediated dilatation, and arterial pulse wave velocity were measured in 2001 or 2007. The association between the number of siblings and preclinical CVD was assessed using generalized linear and logistic regression models. Analyses were stratified by sex as associations differed between sexes.Women with 1 sibling had lower E/e’-ratio (4.9, [95%CI 4.8–5.0]) in echocardiography compared with those without siblings (5.1[4.9–5.2]) and those with ≥2 more siblings (5.1[5.0–5.2]) (P for trend 0.01). Men without siblings had the lowest E/A-ratio (1.4[1.3–1.5]) compared with those with 1 sibling (1.5[1.5–1.5]), or ≥2 siblings (1.5[1.5–1.5]) (P for trend 0.01). Women without siblings had highest left ventricular ejection fraction (59.2 %[58.6–59.7 %]) compared with those with 1 sibling (59.1 %[58.8–59.4 %]), or ≥2 siblings (58.4 %[58.1–58.8 %])(P for trend 0.01). In women, brachial flow-mediated dilatation, a measure of endothelial function, was the lowest among participants with ≥2 siblings (9.4 %[9.0–9.8 %]) compared with those with 1 sibling (10.0 %[9.6–10.3 %]) and those without siblings (10.4 %[9.7–11.0 %])(P for trend 0.03).We observed that number of siblings may be associated with increased risk of heart failure in women. As the associations were somewhat inconsistent in males and females, further research is warranted.
Published: 2024
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6. Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease

Author: Yordi J. van de Vegte, Ruben N. Eppinga, M. Yldau van der Ende, Yanick P. Hagemeijer, Yuvaraj Mahendran, Elias Salfati, Albert V. Smith, Vanessa Y. Tan, Dan E. Arking, Ioanna Ntalla, Emil V. Appel, Claudia Schurmann, Jennifer A. Brody, Rico Rueedi, Ozren Polasek, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Cecile Lecoeur, Claes Ladenvall, Jing Hua Zhao, Aaron Isaacs, Lihua Wang, Jian’an Luan, Shih-Jen Hwang, Nina Mononen, Kirsi Auro, Anne U. Jackson, Lawrence F. Bielak, Linyao Zeng, Nabi Shah, Maria Nethander, Archie Campbell, Tuomo Rankinen, Sonali Pechlivanis, Lu Qi, Wei Zhao, Federica Rizzi, Toshiko Tanaka, Antonietta Robino, Massimiliano Cocca, Leslie Lange, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Carolina Roselli, Weihua Zhang, Marcus E. Kleber, Xiuqing Guo, Henry J. Lin, Francesca Pavani, Tessel E. Galesloot, Raymond Noordam, Yuri Milaneschi, Katharina E. Schraut, Marcel den Hoed, Frauke Degenhardt, Stella Trompet, Marten E. van den Berg, Giorgio Pistis, Yih-Chung Tham, Stefan Weiss, Xueling S. Sim, Hengtong L. Li, Peter J. van der Most, Ilja M. Nolte, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, M. Abdullah Said, Daniel R. Witte, Carlos Iribarren, Lenore Launer, Susan M. Ring, Paul S. de Vries, Peter Sever, Allan Linneberg, Erwin P. Bottinger, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Bruce M. Psaty, Nona Sotoodehnia, Ivana Kolcic, The DCCT/EDIC Research Group, David O. Arnar, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Beverley Balkau, Claudia T. Silva, Christopher H. Newton-Cheh, Kjell Nikus, Perttu Salo, Karen L. Mohlke, Patricia A. Peyser, Heribert Schunkert, Mattias Lorentzon, Jari Lahti, Dabeeru C. Rao, Marilyn C. Cornelis, Jessica D. Faul, Jennifer A. Smith, Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Stefania Bandinelli, Maria Pina Concas, Gianfranco Sinagra, Thomas Meitinger, Melanie Waldenberger, Moritz F. Sinner, Konstantin Strauch, Graciela E. Delgado, Kent D. Taylor, Jie Yao, Luisa Foco, Olle Melander, Jacqueline de Graaf, Renée de Mutsert, Eco J. C. de Geus, Åsa Johansson, Peter K. Joshi, Lars Lind, Andre Franke, Peter W. Macfarlane, Kirill V. Tarasov, Nicholas Tan, Stephan B. Felix, E-Shyong Tai, Debra Q. Quek, Harold Snieder, Johan Ormel, Martin Ingelsson, Cecilia Lindgren, Andrew P. Morris, Olli T. Raitakari, Torben Hansen, Themistocles Assimes, Vilmundur Gudnason, Nicholas J. Timpson, Alanna C. Morrison, Patricia B. Munroe, David P. Strachan, Niels Grarup, Ruth J. F. Loos, Susan R. Heckbert, Peter Vollenweider, Caroline Hayward, Kari Stefansson, Philippe Froguel, Leif Groop, Nicholas J. Wareham, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Mary F. Feitosa, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Mika Kähönen, Markus Perola, Michael Boehnke, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Jeanette Erdmann, Colin N. A. Palmer, Claes Ohlsson, David J. Porteous, Johan G. Eriksson, Claude Bouchard, Susanne Moebus, Peter Kraft, David R. Weir, Daniele Cusi, Luigi Ferrucci, Sheila Ulivi, Giorgia Girotto, Adolfo Correa, Stefan Kääb, Annette Peters, John C. Chambers, Jaspal S. Kooner, Winfried März, Jerome I. Rotter, Andrew A. Hicks, J. Gustav Smith, Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Ulf Gyllensten, James F. Wilson, Stephen Burgess, Johan Sundström, Wolfgang Lieb, J. Wouter Jukema, Mark Eijgelsheim, Edward L. M. Lakatta, Ching-Yu Cheng, Marcus Dörr, Tien-Yin Wong, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Harriette Riese, Terho Lehtimäki, Niek Verweij, and Pim van der Harst
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.
Published: 2023
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7. Neighbourhood deprivation in childhood and adulthood and risk of arterial stiffness: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study

Author: Erika Kähönen, Satu Korpimäki, Markus Juonala, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Mika Kivimäki, and Jussi Vahtera
Subjects: neighbourhood deprivation, pulse wave velocity, socioeconomic status, arterial stiffness, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Purpose: Individual socioeconomic status is associated with increased arterial stiffness, but limited data are available on the relations of neighbourhood deprivation with this vascular measure. We prospectively examined whether neighbourhood deprivation in childhood and adulthood predicts arterial stiffness indicated by pulse wave velocity (PWV). Materials and methods: The study population comprised 1,761 participants aged 3-18 years at baseline (1980) from the longitudinal Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns cohort study. PWV was measured in 2007 by whole-body impedance cardiography at ages 30-45 years. Cumulative lifetime neighbourhood deprivation was assessed using data from socioeconomic circumstances in participants’ lifetime residential neighbourhoods, categorised as low versus high deprivation. Results: High deprivation in childhood and adulthood was associated with higher PWV in adulthood after adjustment for age, sex, and place of birth (mean difference = 0.57 m/s, 95%CI = 0.26-0.88, P for trend = 0.0004). This association was attenuated but remained statistically significant after further adjustment for childhood parental socioeconomic status and adulthood individual socioeconomic status (mean difference = 0.37 m/s, 95%CI = 0.05-0.70, P for trend 0.048). Also, low individual socioeconomic status in adulthood was associated with higher PWV when adjusted for age, sex, place of birth, parental socioeconomic status in childhood, and lifetime neighbourhood deprivation (mean difference = 0.54 m/s, 95%CI = 0.23-0.84, P for trend 0.0001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that lifetime neighbourhood deprivation and low adulthood socioeconomic status are independent risk factors for increased arterial stiffness in adulthood.
Published: 2023
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8. OTTERS: a powerful TWAS framework leveraging summary-level reference data

Author: Qile Dai, Geyu Zhou, Hongyu Zhao, Urmo Võsa, Lude Franke, Alexis Battle, Alexander Teumer, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Tõnu Esko, eQTLGen Consortium, Michael P. Epstein, and Jingjing Yang
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Here, the authors present a TWAS framework OTTERS that adapts multiple polygenic risk score methods to estimate eQTL weights from summary-level eQTL data. Both simulation and real studies show OTTERS is powerful across a wide range of genetic architectures.
Published: 2023
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9. Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-population genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel lipid loci

Author: Lisa de las Fuentes, Karen L. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching-Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolčić, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman, Maris Alver, Mathilde Boissel, Kaare Christensen, Barry I. Freedman, Chuan Gao, Franco Giulianini, Sarah E. Harris, Meian He, Fang-Chi Hsu, Brigitte Kühnel, Federica Laguzzi, Xiaoyin Li, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Ilja M. Nolte, Alaitz Poveda, Rainer Rauramaa, Muhammad Riaz, Antonietta Robino, Tamar Sofer, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Bamidele O. Tayo, Peter J. van der Most, Niek Verweij, Erin B. Ware, Stefan Weiss, Wanqing Wen, Lisa R. Yanek, Yiqiang Zhan, Najaf Amin, Dan E. Arking, Christie Ballantyne, Eric Boerwinkle, Jennifer A. Brody, Ulrich Broeckel, Archie Campbell, Mickaël Canouil, Xiaoran Chai, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Xu Chen, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Maria Pina Concas, Ulf de Faire, Renée de Mutsert, H. Janaka de Silva, Paul S. de Vries, Ahn Do, Jessica D. Faul, Virginia Fisher, James S. Floyd, Terrence Forrester, Yechiel Friedlander, Giorgia Girotto, C. Charles Gu, Göran Hallmans, Sami Heikkinen, Chew-Kiat Heng, Georg Homuth, Steven Hunt, M. Arfan Ikram, David R. Jacobs, Maryam Kavousi, Chiea Chuen Khor, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Woon-Puay Koh, Pirjo Komulainen, Carl D. Langefeld, Jingjing Liang, Kiang Liu, Jianjun Liu, Kurt Lohman, Reedik Mägi, Ani W. Manichaikul, Colin A. McKenzie, Thomas Meitinger, Yuri Milaneschi, Matthias Nauck, Christopher P. Nelson, Jeffrey R. O’Connell, Nicholette D. Palmer, Alexandre C. Pereira, Thomas Perls, Annette Peters, Ozren Polašek, Olli T. Raitakari, Kenneth Rice, Treva K. Rice, Stephen S. Rich, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Pamela J. Schreiner, Xiao-Ou Shu, Stephen Sidney, Mario Sims, Jennifer A. Smith, John M. Starr, Konstantin Strauch, E. Shyong Tai, Kent D. Taylor, Michael Y. Tsai, André G. Uitterlinden, Diana van Heemst, Melanie Waldenberger, Ya-Xing Wang, Wen-Bin Wei, Gregory Wilson, Deng Xuan, Jie Yao, Caizheng Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Wei Zhao, Diane M. Becker, Amélie Bonnefond, Donald W. Bowden, Richard S. Cooper, Ian J. Deary, Jasmin Divers, Tõnu Esko, Paul W. Franks, Philippe Froguel, Christian Gieger, Jost B. Jonas, Norihiro Kato, Timo A. Lakka, Karin Leander, Terho Lehtimäki, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Kari E. North, Ioanna Ntalla, Brenda Penninx, Nilesh J. Samani, Harold Snieder, Beatrice Spedicati, Pim van der Harst, Henry Völzke, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, David R. Weir, Mary K. Wojczynski, Tangchun Wu, Wei Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Claude Bouchard, Daniel I. Chasman, Michele K. Evans, Ervin R. Fox, Vilmundur Gudnason, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L. Horta, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Jose Eduardo Krieger, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Patricia A. Peyser, Michael M. Province, Bruce M. Psaty, Igor Rudan, Xueling Sim, Blair H. Smith, Rob M. van Dam, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Tien Yin Wong, Donna K. Arnett, Dabeeru C. Rao, James Gauderman, Ching-Ti Liu, Alanna C. Morrison, Jerome I. Rotter, and Myriam Fornage
Subjects: educational attainment, lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, genome-wide association study, meta-analysis, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Introduction: Educational attainment, widely used in epidemiologic studies as a surrogate for socioeconomic status, is a predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes.Methods: A two-stage genome-wide meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels was performed while accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions in up to 226,315 individuals from five population groups. We considered two educational attainment variables: “Some College” (yes/no, for any education beyond high school) and “Graduated College” (yes/no, for completing a 4-year college degree). Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) and suggestive (p < 1 × 10−6) variants were identified in Stage 1 (in up to 108,784 individuals) through genome-wide analysis, and those variants were followed up in Stage 2 studies (in up to 117,531 individuals).Results: In combined analysis of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 18 novel lipid loci (nine for LDL, seven for HDL, and two for TG) by two degree-of-freedom (2 DF) joint tests of main and interaction effects. Four loci showed significant interaction with educational attainment. Two loci were significant only in cross-population analyses. Several loci include genes with known or suggested roles in adipose (FOXP1, MBOAT4, SKP2, STIM1, STX4), brain (BRI3, FILIP1, FOXP1, LINC00290, LMTK2, MBOAT4, MYO6, SENP6, SRGAP3, STIM1, TMEM167A, TMEM30A), and liver (BRI3, FOXP1) biology, highlighting the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in the regulation of lipid metabolism. An investigation of the potential druggability of genes in identified loci resulted in five gene targets shown to interact with drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including genes with roles in adipose and brain tissue.Discussion: Genome-wide interaction analysis of educational attainment identified novel lipid loci not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects.
Published: 2023
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10. Uncovering the complex genetic architecture of human plasma lipidome using machine learning methods

Author: Miikael Lehtimäki, Binisha H. Mishra, Coral Del-Val, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Mika Kähönen, C. Robert Cloninger, Olli T. Raitakari, Reijo Laaksonen, Igor Zwir, Terho Lehtimäki, and Pashupati P. Mishra
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Genetic architecture of plasma lipidome provides insights into regulation of lipid metabolism and related diseases. We applied an unsupervised machine learning method, PGMRA, to discover phenotype-genotype many-to-many relations between genotype and plasma lipidome (phenotype) in order to identify the genetic architecture of plasma lipidome profiled from 1,426 Finnish individuals aged 30–45 years. PGMRA involves biclustering genotype and lipidome data independently followed by their inter-domain integration based on hypergeometric tests of the number of shared individuals. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the SNP sets to identify their associated biological processes. We identified 93 statistically significant (hypergeometric p-value
Published: 2023
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11. Effect of common pregnancy and perinatal complications on offspring metabolic traits across the life course: a multi-cohort study

Author: Ahmed Elhakeem, Justiina Ronkainen, Toby Mansell, Katherine Lange, Tuija M. Mikkola, Binisha H. Mishra, Rama J. Wahab, Tim Cadman, Tiffany Yang, David Burgner, Johan G. Eriksson, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Romy Gaillard, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Richard Saffery, Melissa Wake, John Wright, Sylvain Sebert, and Deborah A. Lawlor
Subjects: Life course, Metabolomics, Cohort, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background Common pregnancy and perinatal complications are associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors. These complications may influence multiple metabolic traits in the offspring and these associations might differ with offspring age. Methods We used data from eight population-based cohort studies to examine and compare associations of pre-eclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GH), gestational diabetes (GD), preterm birth (PTB), small (SGA) and large (LGA) for gestational age (vs. appropriate size for gestational age (AGA)) with up to 167 plasma/serum-based nuclear magnetic resonance-derived metabolic traits encompassing lipids, lipoproteins, fatty acids, amino acids, ketones, glycerides/phospholipids, glycolysis, fluid balance, and inflammation. Confounder-adjusted regression models were used to examine associations (adjusted for maternal education, parity age at pregnancy, ethnicity, pre/early pregnancy body mass index and smoking, and offspring sex and age at metabolic trait assessment), and results were combined using meta-analysis by five age categories representing different periods of the offspring life course: neonates (cord blood), infancy (mean ages: 1.1–1.6 years), childhood (4.2–7.5 years); adolescence (12.0–16.0 years), and adulthood (22.0–67.8 years). Results Offspring numbers for each age category/analysis varied from 8925 adults (441 PTB) to 1181 infants (135 GD); 48.4% to 60.0% were females. Pregnancy complications (PE, GH, GD) were each associated with up to three metabolic traits in neonates (P≤0.001) with some evidence of persistence to older ages. PTB and SGA were associated with 32 and 12 metabolic traits in neonates respectively, which included an adjusted standardised mean difference of −0.89 standard deviation (SD) units for albumin with PTB (95% CI: −1.10 to −0.69, P=1.3×10−17) and −0.41 SD for total lipids in medium HDL with SGA (95% CI: −0.56 to −0.25, P=2.6×10−7), with some evidence of persistence to older ages. LGA was inversely associated with 19 metabolic traits including lower levels of cholesterol, lipoproteins, fatty acids, and amino acids, with associations emerging in adolescence, (e.g. −0.11 SD total fatty acids, 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.05, P=0.0009), and attenuating with older age across adulthood. Conclusions These reassuring findings suggest little evidence of wide-spread and long-term impact of common pregnancy and perinatal complications on offspring metabolic traits, with most associations only observed for newborns rather than older ages, and for perinatal rather than pregnancy complications.
Published: 2023
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12. Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Author: Stavroula Kanoni, Sarah E. Graham, Yuxuan Wang, Ida Surakka, Shweta Ramdas, Xiang Zhu, Shoa L. Clarke, Konain Fatima Bhatti, Sailaja Vedantam, Thomas W. Winkler, Adam E. Locke, Eirini Marouli, Greg J. M. Zajac, Kuan-Han H. Wu, Ioanna Ntalla, Qin Hui, Derek Klarin, Austin T. Hilliard, Zeyuan Wang, Chao Xue, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Anna Helgadottir, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Isleifur Olafsson, Mi Yeong Hwang, Sohee Han, Masato Akiyama, Saori Sakaue, Chikashi Terao, Masahiro Kanai, Wei Zhou, Ben M. Brumpton, Humaira Rasheed, Aki S. Havulinna, Yogasudha Veturi, Jennifer Allen Pacheco, Elisabeth A. Rosenthal, Todd Lingren, QiPing Feng, Iftikhar J. Kullo, Akira Narita, Jun Takayama, Hilary C. Martin, Karen A. Hunt, Bhavi Trivedi, Jeffrey Haessler, Franco Giulianini, Yuki Bradford, Jason E. Miller, Archie Campbell, Kuang Lin, Iona Y. Millwood, Asif Rasheed, George Hindy, Jessica D. Faul, Wei Zhao, David R. Weir, Constance Turman, Hongyan Huang, Mariaelisa Graff, Ananyo Choudhury, Dhriti Sengupta, Anubha Mahajan, Michael R. Brown, Weihua Zhang, Ketian Yu, Ellen M. Schmidt, Anita Pandit, Stefan Gustafsson, Xianyong Yin, Jian’an Luan, Jing-Hua Zhao, Fumihiko Matsuda, Hye-Mi Jang, Kyungheon Yoon, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Achilleas Pitsillides, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Andrew R. Wood, Yingji Ji, Zishan Gao, Simon Haworth, Noha A. Yousri, Ruth E. Mitchell, Jin Fang Chai, Mette Aadahl, Anne A. Bjerregaard, Jie Yao, Ani Manichaikul, Chii-Min Hwu, Yi-Jen Hung, Helen R. Warren, Julia Ramirez, Jette Bork-Jensen, Line L. Kårhus, Anuj Goel, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Raymond Noordam, Pala Mauro, Floris Matteo, Aaron F. McDaid, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Matthias Wielscher, Stella Trompet, Naveed Sattar, Line T. Møllehave, Matthias Munz, Lingyao Zeng, Jianfeng Huang, Bin Yang, Alaitz Poveda, Azra Kurbasic, Claudia Lamina, Lukas Forer, Markus Scholz, Tessel E. Galesloot, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Sanni E. Ruotsalainen, EWarwick Daw, Joseph M. Zmuda, Jonathan S. Mitchell, Christian Fuchsberger, Henry Christensen, Jennifer A. Brody, Miguel Vazquez-Moreno, Mary F. Feitosa, Mary K. Wojczynski, Zhe Wang, Michael H. Preuss, Massimo Mangino, Paraskevi Christofidou, Niek Verweij, Jan W. Benjamins, Jorgen Engmann, Noah L. Tsao, Anurag Verma, Roderick C. Slieker, Ken Sin Lo, Nuno R. Zilhao, Phuong Le, Marcus E. Kleber, Graciela E. Delgado, Shaofeng Huo, Daisuke D. Ikeda, Hiroyuki Iha, Jian Yang, Jun Liu, Ayşe Demirkan, Hampton L. Leonard, Jonathan Marten, Mirjam Frank, Börge Schmidt, Laura J. Smyth, Marisa Cañadas-Garre, Chaolong Wang, Masahiro Nakatochi, Andrew Wong, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Xueling Sim, Rui Xia, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Juan Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Valeriya Lyssenko, Suraj S. Nongmaithem, Swati Bayyana, Heather M. Stringham, Marguerite R. Irvin, Christopher Oldmeadow, Han-Na Kim, Seungho Ryu, Paul R. H. J. Timmers, Liubov Arbeeva, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Leslie A. Lange, Gauri Prasad, Laura Lorés-Motta, Marc Pauper, Jirong Long, Xiaohui Li, Elizabeth Theusch, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Cassandra N. Spracklen, Anu Loukola, Sailalitha Bollepalli, Sophie C. Warner, Ya Xing Wang, Wen B. Wei, Teresa Nutile, Daniela Ruggiero, Yun Ju Sung, Shufeng Chen, Fangchao Liu, Jingyun Yang, Katherine A. Kentistou, Bernhard Banas, Giuseppe Giovanni Nardone, Karina Meidtner, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jennifer A. Smith, Prashantha Hebbar, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Edith Hofer, Maoxuan Lin, Maria Pina Concas, Simona Vaccargiu, Peter J. van der Most, Niina Pitkänen, Brian E. Cade, Sander W. van der Laan, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Stefan Weiss, Amy R. Bentley, Ayo P. Doumatey, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Jong Young Lee, Eva R. B. Petersen, Aneta A. Nielsen, Hyeok Sun Choi, Maria Nethander, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Lorraine Southam, Nigel W. Rayner, Carol A. Wang, Shih-Yi Lin, Jun-Sing Wang, Christian Couture, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Kjell Nikus, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Henrik Vestergaard, Bertha Hidalgo, Olga Giannakopoulou, Qiuyin Cai, Morgan O. Obura, Jessica van Setten, Xiaoyin Li, Jingjing Liang, Hua Tang, Natalie Terzikhan, Jae Hun Shin, Rebecca D. Jackson, Alexander P. Reiner, Lisa Warsinger Martin, Zhengming Chen, Liming Li, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Joachim Thiery, Joshua C. Bis, Lenore J. Launer, Huaixing Li, Mike A. Nalls, Olli T. Raitakari, Sahoko Ichihara, Sarah H. Wild, Christopher P. Nelson, Harry Campbell, Susanne Jäger, Toru Nabika, Fahd Al-Mulla, Harri Niinikoski, Peter S. Braund, Ivana Kolcic, Peter Kovacs, Tota Giardoglou, Tomohiro Katsuya, Dominique de Kleijn, Gert J. de Borst, Eung Kweon Kim, Hieab H. H. Adams, M. Arfan Ikram, Xiaofeng Zhu, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Adriaan O. Kraaijeveld, Joline W. J. Beulens, Xiao-Ou Shu, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Paul Mitchell, Alex W. Hewitt, Mika Kähönen, Louis Pérusse, Claude Bouchard, Anke Tönjes, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Craig E. Pennell, Trevor A. Mori, Wolfgang Lieb, Andre Franke, Claes Ohlsson, Dan Mellström, Yoon Shin Cho, Hyejin Lee, Jian-Min Yuan, Woon-Puay Koh, Sang Youl Rhee, Jeong-Taek Woo, Iris M. Heid, Klaus J. Stark, Martina E. Zimmermann, Henry Völzke, Georg Homuth, Michele K. Evans, Alan B. Zonderman, Ozren Polasek, Gerard Pasterkamp, Imo E. Hoefer, Susan Redline, Katja Pahkala, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Harold Snieder, Ginevra Biino, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Stefania Bandinelli, George Dedoussis, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Patricia A. Peyser, Norihiro Kato, Matthias B. Schulze, Giorgia Girotto, Carsten A. Böger, Bettina Jung, Peter K. Joshi, David A. Bennett, Philip L. De Jager, Xiangfeng Lu, Vasiliki Mamakou, Morris Brown, Mark J. Caulfield, Patricia B. Munroe, Xiuqing Guo, Marina Ciullo, Jost B. Jonas, Nilesh J. Samani, Jaakko Kaprio, Päivi Pajukanta, Teresa Tusié-Luna, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Linda S. Adair, Sonny Augustin Bechayda, H. Janaka de Silva, Ananda R. Wickremasinghe, Ronald M. Krauss, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Wei Zheng, Anneke Iden Hollander, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Adolfo Correa, James G. Wilson, Lars Lind, Chew-Kiat Heng, Amanda E. Nelson, Yvonne M. Golightly, James F. Wilson, Brenda Penninx, Hyung-Lae Kim, John Attia, Rodney J. Scott, D. C. Rao, Donna K. Arnett, Steven C. Hunt, Mark Walker, Heikki A. Koistinen, Giriraj R. Chandak, Josep M. Mercader, Maria C. Costanzo, Dongkeun Jang, Noël P. Burtt, Clicerio Gonzalez Villalpando, Lorena Orozco, Myriam Fornage, EShyong Tai, Rob M. van Dam, Terho Lehtimäki, Nish Chaturvedi, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Jianjun Liu, Dermot F. Reilly, Amy Jayne McKnight, Frank Kee, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Mark I. McCarthy, Colin N. A. Palmer, Veronique Vitart, Caroline Hayward, Eleanor Simonsick, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Zi-Bing Jin, Jia Qu, Haretsugu Hishigaki, Xu Lin, Winfried März, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jean-Claude Tardif, Guillaume Lettre, Leen M.‘t Hart, Petra J. M. Elders, Scott M. Damrauer, Meena Kumari, Mika Kivimaki, Pim van der Harst, Tim D. Spector, Ruth J. F. Loos, Michael A. Province, Esteban J. Parra, Miguel Cruz, Bruce M. Psaty, Ivan Brandslund, Peter P. Pramstaller, Charles N. Rotimi, Kaare Christensen, Samuli Ripatti, Elisabeth Widén, Hakon Hakonarson, Struan F. A. Grant, Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney, Jacqueline de Graaf, Markus Loeffler, Florian Kronenberg, Dongfeng Gu, Jeanette Erdmann, Heribert Schunkert, Paul W. Franks, Allan Linneberg, J. Wouter Jukema, Amit V. Khera, Minna Männikkö, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Zoltan Kutalik, Cucca Francesco, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Ko Willems van Dijk, Hugh Watkins, David P. Strachan, Niels Grarup, Peter Sever, Neil Poulter, Lee-Ming Chuang, Jerome I. Rotter, Thomas M. Dantoft, Fredrik Karpe, Matt J. Neville, Nicholas J. Timpson, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien-Yin Wong, Chiea Chuen Khor, Hengtong Li, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Annette Peters, Christian Gieger, Andrew T. Hattersley, Nancy L. Pedersen, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Dorret I. Boomsma, Allegonda H. M. Willemsen, LAdrienne Cupples, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Mohsen Ghanbari, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Wei Huang, Young Jin Kim, Yasuharu Tabara, Nicholas J. Wareham, Claudia Langenberg, Eleftheria Zeggini, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Erik Ingelsson, Goncalo Abecasis, John C. Chambers, Jaspal S. Kooner, Paul S. de Vries, Alanna C. Morrison, Scott Hazelhurst, Michèle Ramsay, Kari E. North, Martha Daviglus, Peter Kraft, Nicholas G. Martin, John B. Whitfield, Shahid Abbas, Danish Saleheen, Robin G. Walters, Michael V. Holmes, Corri Black, Blair H. Smith, Aris Baras, Anne E. Justice, Julie E. Buring, Paul M. Ridker, Daniel I. Chasman, Charles Kooperberg, Gen Tamiya, Masayuki Yamamoto, David A. van Heel, Richard C. Trembath, Wei-Qi Wei, Gail P. Jarvik, Bahram Namjou, M. Geoffrey Hayes, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Pekka Jousilahti, Veikko Salomaa, Kristian Hveem, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Michiaki Kubo, Yoichiro Kamatani, Yukinori Okada, Yoshinori Murakami, Bong-Jo Kim, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson, Jifeng Zhang, YEugene Chen, Yuk-Lam Ho, Julie A. Lynch, Daniel J. Rader, Philip S. Tsao, Kyong-Mi Chang, Kelly Cho, Christopher J. O’Donnell, John M. Gaziano, Peter W. F. Wilson, Timothy M. Frayling, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Sekar Kathiresan, Karen L. Mohlke, Yan V. Sun, Andrew P. Morris, Michael Boehnke, Christopher D. Brown, Pradeep Natarajan, Panos Deloukas, Cristen J. Willer, Themistocles L. Assimes, and Gina M. Peloso
Subjects: Cholesterol, Lipids, Genetics, Genome-wide association study, GWAS, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, QH426-470
Abstract: Abstract Background Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery. Results To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N = 1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3–5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism. Conclusions Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
Published: 2022
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13. Use of antibiotics and risk of type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and the national FINRISK study

Author: Joel Nuotio, Teemu Niiranen, Tomi T. Laitinen, Jessica Miller, Matthew A. Sabin, Aki S. Havulinna, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Tapani Rönnemaa, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Tomi P. Laitinen, Päivi Tossavainen, Veikko Salomaa, Olli T. Raitakari, David P. Burgner, and Markus Juonala
Subjects: Antibiotics, Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract: Abstract Purpose To investigate whether exposure to systemic antibiotics influences the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity. Methods The study sample comprised 2209 (110 with incident diabetes) participants from the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS) aged 24–39 years in 2001. The exposure was national linked register data on purchased antibiotic courses between 1993 and 2001. Clinical examinations including BMI were conducted in 2001, 2007 and 2011. Participants with prevalent diabetes in 2001 were excluded. Data on type 2 diabetes was also obtained from two national registers until 2017. Data from four population-based National FINRISK studies were used for replication (N = 24,674, 1866 with incident diabetes). Results Prior antibiotic exposure (> 5 versus 0–1 antibiotic courses) was associated with subsequent type 2 diabetes in both YFS (OR 2.29; 95%CI 1.33–3.96) and FINRISK (HR 1.73; 95%CI 1.51–1.99). An increased risk for type 2 diabetes was observed in YFS (OR 1.043; 95%CI 1.013–1.074) and FINRISK (HR 1.022; 95%CI 1.016–1.029) per course. Exposure to antibiotics increased the risk of overweight/obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) after a 10-year follow-up in YFS (OR 1.043; 95%CI 1.019–1.068) and in FINRISK (OR 1.023; 95%CI 1.018–1.029) at baseline per antibiotic course. Adjustments for confounders from early life in YFS and at baseline in FINRISK, including BMI, socioeconomic status, smoking, insulin, blood pressure, and physical activity, did not appreciably alter the findings. Conclusion Our results show that exposure to antibiotics was associated with increased risk for future type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity and support judicious antibiotic prescribing.
Published: 2022
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14. Genetic analyses of the electrocardiographic QT interval and its components identify additional loci and pathways

Author: William J. Young, Najim Lahrouchi, Aaron Isaacs, ThuyVy Duong, Luisa Foco, Farah Ahmed, Jennifer A. Brody, Reem Salman, Raymond Noordam, Jan-Walter Benjamins, Jeffrey Haessler, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Linda Repetto, Maria Pina Concas, Marten E. van den Berg, Stefan Weiss, Antoine R. Baldassari, Traci M. Bartz, James P. Cook, Daniel S. Evans, Rebecca Freudling, Oliver Hines, Jonas L. Isaksen, Honghuang Lin, Hao Mei, Arden Moscati, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Casia Nursyifa, Yong Qian, Anne Richmond, Carolina Roselli, Kathleen A. Ryan, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Sébastien Thériault, Stefan van Duijvenboden, Helen R. Warren, Jie Yao, Dania Raza, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Gustav Ahlberg, Alvaro Alonso, Laura Andreasen, Joshua C. Bis, Eric Boerwinkle, Archie Campbell, Eulalia Catamo, Massimiliano Cocca, Michael J. Cutler, Dawood Darbar, Alessandro De Grandi, Antonio De Luca, Jun Ding, Christina Ellervik, Patrick T. Ellinor, Stephan B. Felix, Philippe Froguel, Christian Fuchsberger, Martin Gögele, Claus Graff, Mariaelisa Graff, Xiuqing Guo, Torben Hansen, Susan R. Heckbert, Paul L. Huang, Heikki V. Huikuri, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, M. Arfan Ikram, Rebecca D. Jackson, Juhani Junttila, Maryam Kavousi, Jan A. Kors, Thiago P. Leal, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Henry J. Lin, Lars Lind, Allan Linneberg, Simin Liu, Peter W. MacFarlane, Massimo Mangino, Thomas Meitinger, Massimo Mezzavilla, Pashupati P. Mishra, Rebecca N. Mitchell, Nina Mononen, May E. Montasser, Alanna C. Morrison, Matthias Nauck, Victor Nauffal, Pau Navarro, Kjell Nikus, Guillaume Pare, Kristen K. Patton, Giulia Pelliccione, Alan Pittman, David J. Porteous, Peter P. Pramstaller, Michael H. Preuss, Olli T. Raitakari, Alexander P. Reiner, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Kenneth M. Rice, Lorenz Risch, David Schlessinger, Ulrich Schotten, Claudia Schurmann, Xia Shen, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, Gianfranco Sinagra, Moritz F. Sinner, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Monika Stoll, Konstantin Strauch, Kirill Tarasov, Kent D. Taylor, Andrew Tinker, Stella Trompet, André Uitterlinden, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, Lu-Chen Weng, Eric A. Whitsel, James G. Wilson, Christy L. Avery, David Conen, Adolfo Correa, Francesco Cucca, Marcus Dörr, Sina A. Gharib, Giorgia Girotto, Niels Grarup, Caroline Hayward, Yalda Jamshidi, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, J. Wouter Jukema, Stefan Kääb, Mika Kähönen, Jørgen K. Kanters, Charles Kooperberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Yongmei Liu, Ruth J. F. Loos, Steven A. Lubitz, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Andrew P. Morris, Jeffrey R. O’Connell, Morten Salling Olesen, Michele Orini, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Cristian Pattaro, Annette Peters, Bruce M. Psaty, Jerome I. Rotter, Bruno Stricker, Pim van der Harst, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Niek Verweij, James F. Wilson, Dan E. Arking, Julia Ramirez, Pier D. Lambiase, Nona Sotoodehnia, Borbala Mifsud, Christopher Newton-Cheh, and Patricia B. Munroe
Subjects: Science
Abstract: The QT interval is a heritable electrocardiographic measure associated with arrhythmia risk when prolonged. Here, the authors used a series of genetic analyses to identify genetic loci, pathways, therapeutic targets, and relationships with cardiovascular disease.
Published: 2022
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15. Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals

Author: Thomas W. Winkler, Humaira Rasheed, Alexander Teumer, Mathias Gorski, Bryce X. Rowan, Kira J. Stanzick, Laurent F. Thomas, Adrienne Tin, Anselm Hoppmann, Audrey Y. Chu, Bamidele Tayo, Chris H. L. Thio, Daniele Cusi, Jin-Fang Chai, Karsten B. Sieber, Katrin Horn, Man Li, Markus Scholz, Massimiliano Cocca, Matthias Wuttke, Peter J. van der Most, Qiong Yang, Sahar Ghasemi, Teresa Nutile, Yong Li, Giulia Pontali, Felix Günther, Abbas Dehghan, Adolfo Correa, Afshin Parsa, Agnese Feresin, Aiko P. J. de Vries, Alan B. Zonderman, Albert V. Smith, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Alessandro De Grandi, Alexander R. Rosenkranz, Andre Franke, Andrej Teren, Andres Metspalu, Andrew A. Hicks, Andrew P. Morris, Anke Tönjes, Anna Morgan, Anna I. Podgornaia, Annette Peters, Antje Körner, Anubha Mahajan, Archie Campbell, Barry I. Freedman, Beatrice Spedicati, Belen Ponte, Ben Schöttker, Ben Brumpton, Bernhard Banas, Bernhard K. Krämer, Bettina Jung, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Blair H. Smith, Boting Ning, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Brett R. Vanderwerff, Bruce M. Psaty, Candace M. Kammerer, Carl D. Langefeld, Caroline Hayward, Cassandra N. Spracklen, Cassianne Robinson-Cohen, Catharina A. Hartman, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Chaolong Wang, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Chew-Kiat Heng, Chiara Lanzani, Chiea-Chuen Khor, Ching-Yu Cheng, Christian Fuchsberger, Christian Gieger, Christian M. Shaffer, Christina-Alexandra Schulz, Cristen J. Willer, Daniel I. Chasman, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Daniela Ruggiero, Daniela Toniolo, Darina Czamara, David J. Porteous, Dawn M. Waterworth, Deborah Mascalzoni, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Dermot F. Reilly, E. Warwick Daw, Edith Hofer, Eric Boerwinkle, Erika Salvi, Erwin P. Bottinger, E-Shyong Tai, Eulalia Catamo, Federica Rizzi, Feng Guo, Fernando Rivadeneira, Franco Guilianini, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Georg Ehret, Gerard Waeber, Ginevra Biino, Giorgia Girotto, Giorgio Pistis, Girish N. Nadkarni, Graciela E. Delgado, Grant W. Montgomery, Harold Snieder, Harry Campbell, Harvey D. White, He Gao, Heather M. Stringham, Helena Schmidt, Hengtong Li, Hermann Brenner, Hilma Holm, Holgen Kirsten, Holly Kramer, Igor Rudan, Ilja M. Nolte, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Isleifur Olafsson, Jade Martins, James P. Cook, James F. Wilson, Jan Halbritter, Janine F. Felix, Jasmin Divers, Jaspal S. Kooner, Jeannette Jen-Mai Lee, Jeffrey O’Connell, Jerome I. Rotter, Jianjun Liu, Jie Xu, Joachim Thiery, Johan Ärnlöv, Johanna Kuusisto, Johanna Jakobsdottir, Johanne Tremblay, John C. Chambers, John B. Whitfield, John M. Gaziano, Jonathan Marten, Josef Coresh, Jost B. Jonas, Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Kaare Christensen, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Karen L. Mohlke, Karlhans Endlich, Katalin Dittrich, Kathleen A. Ryan, Kenneth M. Rice, Kent D. Taylor, Kevin Ho, Kjell Nikus, Koichi Matsuda, Konstantin Strauch, Kozeta Miliku, Kristian Hveem, Lars Lind, Lars Wallentin, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. Raffield, Lawrence S. Phillips, Lenore J. Launer, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Leslie A. Lange, Lorena Citterio, Lucija Klaric, M. Arfan Ikram, Marcus Ising, Marcus E. Kleber, Margherita Francescatto, Maria Pina Concas, Marina Ciullo, Mario Piratsu, Marju Orho-Melander, Markku Laakso, Markus Loeffler, Markus Perola, Martin H. de Borst, Martin Gögele, Martina La Bianca, Mary Ann Lukas, Mary F. Feitosa, Mary L. Biggs, Mary K. Wojczynski, Maryam Kavousi, Masahiro Kanai, Masato Akiyama, Masayuki Yasuda, Matthias Nauck, Melanie Waldenberger, Miao-Li Chee, Miao-Ling Chee, Michael Boehnke, Michael H. Preuss, Michael Stumvoll, Michael A. Province, Michele K. Evans, Michelle L. O’Donoghue, Michiaki Kubo, Mika Kähönen, Mika Kastarinen, Mike A. Nalls, Mikko Kuokkanen, Mohsen Ghanbari, Murielle Bochud, Navya Shilpa Josyula, Nicholas G. Martin, Nicholas Y. Q. Tan, Nicholette D. Palmer, Nicola Pirastu, Nicole Schupf, Niek Verweij, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Nina Mononen, Nisha Bansal, Olivier Devuyst, Olle Melander, Olli T. Raitakari, Ozren Polasek, Paolo Manunta, Paolo Gasparini, Pashupati P. Mishra, Patrick Sulem, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Paul Elliott, Paul M. Ridker, Pavel Hamet, Per O. Svensson, Peter K. Joshi, Peter Kovacs, Peter P. Pramstaller, Peter Rossing, Peter Vollenweider, Pim van der Harst, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Ralene Z. H. Sim, Ralph Burkhardt, Ran Tao, Raymond Noordam, Reedik Mägi, Reinhold Schmidt, Renée de Mutsert, Rico Rueedi, Rob M. van Dam, Robert J. Carroll, Ron T. Gansevoort, Ruth J. F. Loos, Sala Cinzia Felicita, Sanaz Sedaghat, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Sarah A. Pendergrass, Sarah E. Graham, Scott D. Gordon, Shih-Jen Hwang, Shona M. Kerr, Simona Vaccargiu, Snehal B. Patil, Stein Hallan, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Su-Chi Lim, Susanne Lucae, Suzanne Vogelezang, Sven Bergmann, Tanguy Corre, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Terho Lehtimäki, Thibaud S. Boutin, Thomas Meitinger, Tien-Yin Wong, Tobias Bergler, Ton J. Rabelink, Tõnu Esko, Toomas Haller, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Uwe Völker, Valencia Hui Xian Foo, Veikko Salomaa, Veronique Vitart, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Vilmundur Gudnason, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Wei Huang, Weihua Zhang, Wen Bin Wei, Wieland Kiess, Winfried März, Wolfgang Koenig, Wolfgang Lieb, Xin Gao, Xueling Sim, Ya Xing Wang, Yechiel Friedlander, Yih-Chung Tham, Yoichiro Kamatani, Yukinori Okada, Yuri Milaneschi, Zhi Yu, Lifelines cohort study, DiscovEHR/MyCode study, VA Million Veteran Program, Klaus J. Stark, Kari Stefansson, Carsten A. Böger, Adriana M. Hung, Florian Kronenberg, Anna Köttgen, Cristian Pattaro, and Iris M. Heid
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: A large-scale GWAS provides insight on diabetes-dependent genetic effects on the glomerular filtration rate, a common metric to monitor kidney health in disease.
Published: 2022
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16. Childhood Dyslipidemia and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque in Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Author: Juhani S. Koskinen, Ville Kytö, Markus Juonala, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Jaakko Nevalainen, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Nina Hutri‐Kähönen, Tomi P. Laitinen, Päivi Tossavainen, Eero Jokinen, Costan G. Magnussen, and Olli T. Raitakari
Subjects: area under the curve, atherosclerosis, carotid artery plaque, child cardiovascular risk factors, dyslipidemia, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background Childhood exposure to dyslipidemia is associated with adult atherosclerosis, but it is unclear whether the long‐term risk associated with dyslipidemia is attenuated on its resolution by adulthood. We aimed to address this question by examining the links between childhood and adult dyslipidemia on carotid atherosclerotic plaques in adulthood. Methods and Results The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is a prospective follow‐up of children that began in 1980. Since then, follow‐up studies have been conducted regularly. In 2001 and 2007, carotid ultrasounds were performed on 2643 participants at the mean age of 36 years to identify carotid plaques and plaque areas. For childhood lipids, we exploited several risk factor measurements to determine the individual cumulative burden for each lipid during childhood. Participants were categorized into the following 4 groups based on their childhood and adult dyslipidemia status: no dyslipidemia (reference), incident, resolved, and persistent. Among individuals with carotid plaque, linear regression models were used to study the association of serum lipids with plaque area. The prevalence of plaque was 3.3% (N=88). In models adjusted for age, sex, and nonlipid cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk for carotid plaque was 2.34 (95% CI, 0.91–6.00) for incident adult dyslipidemia, 3.00 (95% CI, 1.42–6.34) for dyslipidemia resolved by adulthood, and 5.23 (95% CI, 2.57–10.66) for persistent dyslipidemia. Carotid plaque area correlated with childhood total, low‐density lipoprotein, and non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Conclusions Childhood dyslipidemia, even if resolved by adulthood, is a risk factor for adult carotid plaque. Furthermore, among individuals with carotid plaque, childhood lipids associate with plaque size. These findings highlight the importance of primordial prevention of dyslipidemia in childhood to reduce atherosclerosis development.
Published: 2023
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17. DNA methylation signature of chronic low-grade inflammation and its role in cardio-respiratory diseases

Author: Matthias Wielscher, Pooja R. Mandaviya, Brigitte Kuehnel, Roby Joehanes, Rima Mustafa, Oliver Robinson, Yan Zhang, Barbara Bodinier, Esther Walton, Pashupati P. Mishra, Pascal Schlosser, Rory Wilson, Pei-Chien Tsai, Saranya Palaniswamy, Riccardo E. Marioni, Giovanni Fiorito, Giovanni Cugliari, Ville Karhunen, Mohsen Ghanbari, Bruce M. Psaty, Marie Loh, Joshua C. Bis, Benjamin Lehne, Nona Sotoodehnia, Ian J. Deary, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Jennifer A. Brody, Alexia Cardona, Elizabeth Selvin, Alicia K. Smith, Andrew H. Miller, Mylin A. Torres, Eirini Marouli, Xin Gào, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Johanna Graf-Schindler, Wolfgang Rathmann, Wolfgang Koenig, Annette Peters, Wolfgang Weninger, Matthias Farlik, Tao Zhang, Wei Chen, Yujing Xia, Alexander Teumer, Matthias Nauck, Hans J. Grabe, Macus Doerr, Terho Lehtimäki, Weihua Guan, Lili Milani, Toshiko Tanaka, Krista Fisher, Lindsay L. Waite, Silva Kasela, Paolo Vineis, Niek Verweij, Pim van der Harst, Licia Iacoviello, Carlotta Sacerdote, Salvatore Panico, Vittorio Krogh, Rosario Tumino, Evangelia Tzala, Giuseppe Matullo, Mikko A. Hurme, Olli T. Raitakari, Elena Colicino, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Mika Kähönen, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Shengxu Li, BIOS consortium, Karen N. Conneely, Jaspal S. Kooner, Anna Köttgen, Bastiaan T. Heijmans, Panos Deloukas, Caroline Relton, Ken K. Ong, Jordana T. Bell, Eric Boerwinkle, Paul Elliott, Hermann Brenner, Marian Beekman, Daniel Levy, Melanie Waldenberger, John C. Chambers, Abbas Dehghan, and Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Chronic inflammation, marked by C-reactive protein, has been associated with changes in methylation, but the causal relationship is unclear. Here, the authors perform a Epigenome-wide association meta-analysis for C-reactive protein levels and find that these methylation changes are likely the consequence of inflammation and could contribute to disease.
Published: 2022
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18. Tracking of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Activity from Youth to Young Adulthood: Findings from the Prospective Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP)

Author: Brooklyn J. Fraser, PhD, Leigh Blizzard, PhD, Suvi P. Rovio, PhD, Olli J. Heinonen, MD, PhD, Harri Niinikoski, MD, PhD, Jorma S.A. Viikari, MD, PhD, Tapani Rönnemaa, MD, PhD, Antti Jula, MD, PhD, Olli T. Raitakari, MD, PhD, Costan G. Magnussen, PhD, and Katja Pahkala, PhD
Subjects: physical fitness, adolescent, adult, longitudinal studies, cohort studies, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract: Using data from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project, cardiorespiratory fitness (rank-order correlation coefficient = 0.60-0.62) tracked stronger than physical activity (rank-order correlation coefficient = 0.27-0.38) between youth (age = 17 years) and young adulthood (age = 26 years). Cardiorespiratory fitness could help identify individuals at risk of maintaining poor fitness levels or developing adverse health in adulthood.
Published: 2023
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19. Epigenome-wide association study of serum urate reveals insights into urate co-regulation and the SLC2A9 locus

Author: Adrienne Tin, Pascal Schlosser, Pamela R. Matias-Garcia, Chris H. L. Thio, Roby Joehanes, Hongbo Liu, Zhi Yu, Antoine Weihs, Anselm Hoppmann, Franziska Grundner-Culemann, Josine L. Min, Victoria L. Halperin Kuhns, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Charles Agyemang, Johan Ärnlöv, Nasir A. Aziz, Andrea Baccarelli, Murielle Bochud, Hermann Brenner, Jan Bressler, Monique M. B. Breteler, Cristian Carmeli, Layal Chaker, Josef Coresh, Tanguy Corre, Adolfo Correa, Simon R. Cox, Graciela E. Delgado, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Arif B. Ekici, Karlhans Endlich, James S. Floyd, Eliza Fraszczyk, Xu Gao, Xīn Gào, Allan C. Gelber, Mohsen Ghanbari, Sahar Ghasemi, Christian Gieger, Philip Greenland, Megan L. Grove, Sarah E. Harris, Gibran Hemani, Peter Henneman, Christian Herder, Steve Horvath, Lifang Hou, Mikko A. Hurme, Shih-Jen Hwang, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Silva Kasela, Marcus E. Kleber, Wolfgang Koenig, Jaspal S. Kooner, Florian Kronenberg, Brigitte Kühnel, Christine Ladd-Acosta, Terho Lehtimäki, Lars Lind, Dan Liu, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Stefan Lorkowski, Ake T. Lu, Riccardo E. Marioni, Winfried März, Daniel L. McCartney, Karlijn A. C. Meeks, Lili Milani, Pashupati P. Mishra, Matthias Nauck, Christoph Nowak, Annette Peters, Holger Prokisch, Bruce M. Psaty, Olli T. Raitakari, Scott M. Ratliff, Alex P. Reiner, Ben Schöttker, Joel Schwartz, Sanaz Sedaghat, Jennifer A. Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Hannah R. Stocker, Silvia Stringhini, Johan Sundström, Brenton R. Swenson, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Andrea Venema, Uwe Völker, Juliane Winkelmann, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Wei Zhao, Yinan Zheng, The Estonian Biobank Research Team, The Genetics of DNA Methylation Consortium, Marie Loh, Harold Snieder, Melanie Waldenberger, Daniel Levy, Shreeram Akilesh, Owen M. Woodward, Katalin Susztak, Alexander Teumer, and Anna Köttgen
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Serum urate concentration can be studied in large datasets to find genetic and epigenetic loci that may be related to cardiometabolic traits. Here the authors identify and replicate 100 urate-associated CpGs, which provide insights into urate GWAS loci and shared CpGs of urate and cardiometabolic traits.
Published: 2021
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20. Meta-analyses identify DNA methylation associated with kidney function and damage

Author: Pascal Schlosser, Adrienne Tin, Pamela R. Matias-Garcia, Chris H. L. Thio, Roby Joehanes, Hongbo Liu, Antoine Weihs, Zhi Yu, Anselm Hoppmann, Franziska Grundner-Culemann, Josine L. Min, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Charles Agyemang, Johan Ärnlöv, Nasir A. Aziz, Andrea Baccarelli, Murielle Bochud, Hermann Brenner, Monique M. B. Breteler, Cristian Carmeli, Layal Chaker, John C. Chambers, Shelley A. Cole, Josef Coresh, Tanguy Corre, Adolfo Correa, Simon R. Cox, Niek de Klein, Graciela E. Delgado, Arce Domingo-Relloso, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Arif B. Ekici, Karlhans Endlich, Kathryn L. Evans, James S. Floyd, Myriam Fornage, Lude Franke, Eliza Fraszczyk, Xu Gao, Xīn Gào, Mohsen Ghanbari, Sahar Ghasemi, Christian Gieger, Philip Greenland, Megan L. Grove, Sarah E. Harris, Gibran Hemani, Peter Henneman, Christian Herder, Steve Horvath, Lifang Hou, Mikko A. Hurme, Shih-Jen Hwang, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Silva Kasela, Marcus E. Kleber, Wolfgang Koenig, Jaspal S. Kooner, Holly Kramer, Florian Kronenberg, Brigitte Kühnel, Terho Lehtimäki, Lars Lind, Dan Liu, Yongmei Liu, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Kurt Lohman, Stefan Lorkowski, Ake T. Lu, Riccardo E. Marioni, Winfried März, Daniel L. McCartney, Karlijn A. C. Meeks, Lili Milani, Pashupati P. Mishra, Matthias Nauck, Ana Navas-Acien, Christoph Nowak, Annette Peters, Holger Prokisch, Bruce M. Psaty, Olli T. Raitakari, Scott M. Ratliff, Alex P. Reiner, Sylvia E. Rosas, Ben Schöttker, Joel Schwartz, Sanaz Sedaghat, Jennifer A. Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Hannah R. Stocker, Silvia Stringhini, Johan Sundström, Brenton R. Swenson, Maria Tellez-Plaza, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Andrea Venema, Niek Verweij, Rosie M. Walker, Matthias Wielscher, Juliane Winkelmann, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Wei Zhao, Yinan Zheng, Estonian Biobank Research Team, Genetics of DNA Methylation Consortium, Marie Loh, Harold Snieder, Daniel Levy, Melanie Waldenberger, Katalin Susztak, Anna Köttgen, and Alexander Teumer
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Many genetic loci have been identified to be associated with kidney disease, but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, the authors perform epigenome-wide association studies on kidney function measures to identify epigenetic marks and pathways involved in kidney function.
Published: 2021
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21. Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

Author: Emilia Kähönen, Heikki Aatola, Terho Lehtimäki, Atte Haarala, Kalle Sipilä, Markus Juonala, Olli T. Raitakari, Mika Kähönen, and Nina Hutri-Kähönen
Subjects: hemodynamics, systemic vascular resistance, risk factors, lifestyle, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Purpose There are limited data available concerning the effects of lifetime risk factors and lifestyle on systemic hemodynamics, especially on systemic vascular resistance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate how lifetime cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose) and lifestyle factors (vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, smoking and physical activity) predict systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and cardiac index (CI) assessed in adulthood. Materials and Methods Our study cohort comprised 1635 subjects of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study followed up for 27 years since baseline (1980; aged 3–18 years, females 54.3%) who had risk factor and lifestyle data available since childhood. Systemic hemodynamics were measured in 2007 (aged 30–45 years) by whole-body impedance cardiography. Results In the multivariable regression analysis, independent predictors of the adulthood SVRI were childhood BMI, blood glucose, vegetable consumption, smoking, and physical activity (p ≤ .046 for all). Vegetable consumption, smoking, and physical activity remained significant when adjusted for corresponding adult data (p ≤ .036 for all). For the CI, independent predictors in childhood were BMI, systolic blood pressure, vegetable consumption, and physical activity (p ≤ .044 for all), and the findings remained significant after adjusting for corresponding adult data (p ≤ .046 for all). The number of childhood and adulthood risk factors and unfavourable lifestyle factors was directly associated with the SVRI (p
Published: 2021
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22. Assessment of plasma ceramides as predictor for subclinical atherosclerosis

Author: Pashupati P. Mishra, Binisha H. Mishra, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Mika Hilvo, Markus Juonala, Mika Kähönen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Dimitrios I. Fotiadis, Olli T. Raitakari, Reijo Laaksonen, and Terho Lehtimäki
Subjects: Cardiovascular diseases, Subclinical atherosclerosis, Carotid intima media thickness, Lipidomics, Plasma ceramides, Prediction models, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background and aims: Ceramides have been identified as novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) related events and mortality but their role in etiology of subclinical atherosclerosis is unknown. We aimed to assess association between plasma ceramides and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and evaluate predictive value of the ceramides for high CIMT over traditional CVD risk factors. Methods: Association between plasma ceramides and CIMT in the Young Finns Study participants was analyzed with CIMT as outcome and ceramides along with traditional risk factors as predictors with regression model. Predictive value of the ceramides and related coronary event risk test (CERT) score for high CIMT as surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by comparing logistic regression-based prediction models including, i) traditional risk factors and ceramides, ii) traditional risk factors and CERT score, iii) age, sex and ceramides or alternatively CERT score with a reference model including only traditional risk factors. The prediction models were fitted to training data (70% data) and tested on test data (30% data). The predictive models were assessed with area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). The variance of AUC was estimated by repeating the model fitting and testing for 1000 bootstraps of the original data. Results: Predictive models with plasma ceramides or alternatively with CERT score in addition to age and sex variables were able to predict high CIMT with AUC 0.726 and 0.720 respectively. However, the ceramides and CERT score did not have statistically significant added predictive value for high CIMT over traditional risk factors. Conclusions: The new systemic biomarkers, high-risk plasma ceramides and CERT score, showed promising predictive performance for high CIMT with only age and sex as additional variables. This may help in predicting subclinical atherosclerosis for primary prevention.
Published: 2021
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23. Genetic association study of childhood aggression across raters, instruments, and age

Author: Hill F. Ip, Camiel M. van der Laan, Eva M. L. Krapohl, Isabell Brikell, Cristina Sánchez-Mora, Ilja M. Nolte, Beate St Pourcain, Koen Bolhuis, Teemu Palviainen, Hadi Zafarmand, Lucía Colodro-Conde, Scott Gordon, Tetyana Zayats, Fazil Aliev, Chang Jiang, Carol A. Wang, Gretchen Saunders, Ville Karhunen, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Daniel E. Adkins, Richard Border, Roseann E. Peterson, Joseph A. Prinz, Elisabeth Thiering, Ilkka Seppälä, Natàlia Vilor-Tejedor, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Felix R. Day, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Andrea G. Allegrini, Kaili Rimfeld, Qi Chen, Yi Lu, Joanna Martin, María Soler Artigas, Paula Rovira, Rosa Bosch, Gemma Español, Josep Antoni Ramos Quiroga, Alexander Neumann, Judith Ensink, Katrina Grasby, José J. Morosoli, Xiaoran Tong, Shelby Marrington, Christel Middeldorp, James G. Scott, Anna Vinkhuyzen, Andrey A. Shabalin, Robin Corley, Luke M. Evans, Karen Sugden, Silvia Alemany, Lærke Sass, Rebecca Vinding, Kate Ruth, Jess Tyrrell, Gareth E. Davies, Erik A. Ehli, Fiona A. Hagenbeek, Eveline De Zeeuw, Toos C.E.M. Van Beijsterveldt, Henrik Larsson, Harold Snieder, Frank C. Verhulst, Najaf Amin, Alyce M. Whipp, Tellervo Korhonen, Eero Vuoksimaa, Richard J. Rose, André G. Uitterlinden, Andrew C. Heath, Pamela Madden, Jan Haavik, Jennifer R. Harris, Øyvind Helgeland, Stefan Johansson, Gun Peggy S. Knudsen, Pal Rasmus Njolstad, Qing Lu, Alina Rodriguez, Anjali K. Henders, Abdullah Mamun, Jackob M. Najman, Sandy Brown, Christian Hopfer, Kenneth Krauter, Chandra Reynolds, Andrew Smolen, Michael Stallings, Sally Wadsworth, Tamara L. Wall, Judy L. Silberg, Allison Miller, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Christian Hakulinen, Laura Pulkki-Råback, Alexandra Havdahl, Per Magnus, Olli T. Raitakari, John R. B. Perry, Sabrina Llop, Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa, Klaus Bønnelykke, Hans Bisgaard, Jordi Sunyer, Terho Lehtimäki, Louise Arseneault, Marie Standl, Joachim Heinrich, Joseph Boden, John Pearson, L. John Horwood, Martin Kennedy, Richie Poulton, Lindon J. Eaves, Hermine H. Maes, John Hewitt, William E. Copeland, Elizabeth J. Costello, Gail M. Williams, Naomi Wray, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Matt McGue, William Iacono, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Andrew Whitehouse, Craig E. Pennell, Kelly L. Klump, S. Alexandra Burt, Danielle M. Dick, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Nicholas G. Martin, Sarah E. Medland, Tanja Vrijkotte, Jaakko Kaprio, Henning Tiemeier, George Davey Smith, Catharina A. Hartman, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Miquel Casas, Marta Ribasés, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundström, Robert Plomin, Meike Bartels, Michel G. Nivard, and Dorret I. Boomsma
Subjects: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: Abstract Childhood aggressive behavior (AGG) has a substantial heritability of around 50%. Here we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAMA) of childhood AGG, in which all phenotype measures across childhood ages from multiple assessors were included. We analyzed phenotype assessments for a total of 328 935 observations from 87 485 children aged between 1.5 and 18 years, while accounting for sample overlap. We also meta-analyzed within subsets of the data, i.e., within rater, instrument and age. SNP-heritability for the overall meta-analysis (AGGoverall) was 3.31% (SE = 0.0038). We found no genome-wide significant SNPs for AGGoverall. The gene-based analysis returned three significant genes: ST3GAL3 (P = 1.6E–06), PCDH7 (P = 2.0E–06), and IPO13 (P = 2.5E–06). All three genes have previously been associated with educational traits. Polygenic scores based on our GWAMA significantly predicted aggression in a holdout sample of children (variance explained = 0.44%) and in retrospectively assessed childhood aggression (variance explained = 0.20%). Genetic correlations (r g ) among rater-specific assessment of AGG ranged from r g = 0.46 between self- and teacher-assessment to r g = 0.81 between mother- and teacher-assessment. We obtained moderate-to-strong r g s with selected phenotypes from multiple domains, but hardly with any of the classical biomarkers thought to be associated with AGG. Significant genetic correlations were observed with most psychiatric and psychological traits (range $$\left| {r_g} \right|$$ r g : 0.19–1.00), except for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Aggression had a negative genetic correlation (r g = ~−0.5) with cognitive traits and age at first birth. Aggression was strongly genetically correlated with smoking phenotypes (range $$\left| {r_g} \right|$$ r g : 0.46–0.60). The genetic correlations between aggression and psychiatric disorders were weaker for teacher-reported AGG than for mother- and self-reported AGG. The current GWAMA of childhood aggression provides a powerful tool to interrogate the rater-specific genetic etiology of AGG.
Published: 2021
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24. Relative Contribution of Blood Pressure in Childhood, Young‐ and Mid‐Adulthood to Large Artery Stiffness in Mid‐Adulthood

Author: Yaxing Meng, Marie‐Jeanne Buscot, Markus Juonala, Feitong Wu, Matthew K. Armstrong, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Katja Pahkala, Nina Hutri‐Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Tomi Laitinen, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Costan G. Magnussen, and James E. Sharman
Subjects: blood pressure, epidemiology, hypertension, paediatrics, risk factors, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background Blood pressure associates with arterial stiffness, but the contribution of blood pressure at different life stages is unclear. We examined the relative contribution of childhood, young‐ and mid‐adulthood blood pressure to mid‐adulthood large artery stiffness. Methods and Results The sample comprised 1869 participants from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study who had blood pressure measured in childhood (6–18 years), young‐adulthood (21–30 years), and mid‐adulthood (33–45 years). Markers of large artery stiffness were pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility recorded in mid‐adulthood. Bayesian relevant life course exposure models were used. For each 10‐mm Hg higher cumulative systolic blood pressure across the life stages, pulse wave velocity was 0.56 m/s higher (95% credible interval: 0.49 to 0.63) and carotid distensibility was 0.13%/10 mm Hg lower (95% credible interval: −0.16 to −0.10). Of these total contributions, the highest contribution was attributed to mid‐adulthood systolic blood pressure (relative weights: pulse wave velocity, childhood: 2.6%, young‐adulthood: 5.4%, mid‐adulthood: 92.0%; carotid distensibility, childhood: 5.6%; young‐adulthood: 10.1%; mid‐adulthood: 84.3%), with the greatest individual contribution coming from systolic blood pressure at the time point when pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility were measured. The results were consistent for diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. Conclusions Although mid‐adulthood blood pressure contributed most to mid‐adulthood large artery stiffness, we observed small contributions from childhood and young‐adulthood blood pressure. These findings suggest that the burden posed by arterial stiffness might be reduced by maintaining normal blood pressure levels at each life stage, with mid‐adulthood a critical period for controlling blood pressure.
Published: 2022
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25. Association of lifetime blood pressure with adulthood exercise blood pressure response: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

Author: Emilia Kähönen, Heikki Aatola, Kristiina Pälve, Janne Hulkkonen, Atte Haarala, Kalle Sipilä, Markus Juonala, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Mika Kähönen, and Nina Hutri-Kähönen
Subjects: blood pressure, exercise, childhood, adulthood, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Purpose Elevated blood pressure (BP) in childhood has been associated with increased adulthood BP. However, BP and its change from childhood to adulthood and the risk of exaggerated adulthood exercise BP response are largely unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of childhood and adulthood BP with adulthood exercise BP response. Materials and methods This investigation consisted of 406 individuals participating in the ongoing Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (baseline in 1980, at age of 6–18 years; follow-up in adulthood in 27–29 years since baseline). In childhood BP was classified as elevated according to the tables from the International Child Blood Pressure References Establishment Consortium, while in adulthood BP was considered elevated if systolic BP was ≥120 mmHg or diastolic BP was ≥80 mmHg or if use of antihypertensive medications was self-reported. A maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test with BP measurements was performed by participants in 2008–2009, and exercise BP was considered exaggerated (EEBP) if peak systolic blood pressure exceeded 210 mmHg in men and 190 mmHg in women. Results Participants with consistently high BP from childhood to adulthood and individuals with normal childhood but high adulthood BP had an increased risk of EEBP response in adulthood (relative risk [95% confidence interval], 3.32 [2.05–5.40] and 3.03 [1.77–5.17], respectively) in comparison with individuals with normal BP both in childhood and adulthood. Interestingly, individuals with elevated BP in childhood but not in adulthood also had an increased risk of EEBP [relative risk [95% confidence interval], 2.17 [1.35–3.50]). Conclusions These findings reinforce the importance of achieving and sustaining normal blood pressure from childhood through adulthood.
Published: 2021
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26. Life-course leisure-time physical activity trajectories in relation to health-related behaviors in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study

Author: Irinja Lounassalo, Mirja Hirvensalo, Sanna Palomäki, Kasper Salin, Asko Tolvanen, Katja Pahkala, Suvi Rovio, Mikael Fogelholm, Xiaolin Yang, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, and Tuija H. Tammelin
Subjects: Physical activity, Diet, Sleep, Alcohol, Binge drinking, Smoking, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Evidence on whether leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) facilitates individuals’ adoption of multiple healthy behaviors remains scarce. This study investigated the associations of diverse longitudinal LTPA trajectories from childhood to adulthood with diet, screen time, smoking, binge drinking, sleep difficulties, and sleep duration in adulthood. Methods Data were drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Participants were aged 9–18 years (N = 3553; 51% females) in 1980 and 33–49 years at the latest follow-up in 2011. The LTPA trajectories were identified using a latent profile analysis. Differences in self-reported health-related behaviors across the LTPA trajectories were studied separately for women and men by using the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars approach. Models were adjusted for age, body mass index, education level, marital status, total energy intake and previous corresponding behaviors. Results Persistently active, persistently low-active, decreasingly and increasingly active trajectories were identified in both genders and an additional inactive trajectory for women. After adjusting the models with the above-mentioned covariates, the inactive women had an unhealthier diet than the women in the other trajectories (p 0.50). The low-active men followed an unhealthier diet than the persistently and increasingly active men (p 0.50). Compared to their inactive and low-active peers, smoking frequency was lower in the increasingly active women and men (p 0.20) and persistently active men (p 0.20). The increasingly active men reported lower screen time than the low-active (p 0.50) and persistently active (p 0.20) men. The increasingly and persistently active women reported fewer sleep difficulties than the inactive (p 0.80) and low-active (p 0.50 and > 0.80, respectively) women. Sleep duration and binge drinking were not associated with the LTPA trajectories in either gender, nor were sleep difficulties in men and screen time in women. Conclusions Not only persistently higher LTPA but also an increasing tendency to engage in LTPA after childhood/adolescence were associated with healthier diet and lower smoking frequency in both genders, having less sleep difficulties in women and lower screen time in increasingly active men. Inactivity and low activity were associated with the accumulation of several unhealthy behaviors in adulthood. Associations were stronger in women.
Published: 2021
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27. Modular genome-wide gene expression architecture shared by early traits of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis in the Young Finns Study

Author: Binisha H. Mishra, Pashupati P. Mishra, Emma Raitoharju, Saara Marttila, Nina Mononen, Harri Sievänen, Jorma Viikari, Markus Juonala, Marika Laaksonen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, and Terho Lehtimäki
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract We analysed whole blood genome-wide expression data to identify gene co-expression modules shared by early traits of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. Gene expression was profiled for the Young Finns Study participants. Bone mineral density and content were measured as early traits of osteoporosis. Carotid and bulbus intima media thickness were measured as early traits of atherosclerosis. Joint association of the modules, identified with weighted co-expression analysis, with early traits of the diseases was tested with multivariate analysis. Among the six modules significantly correlated with early traits of both the diseases, two had significant (adjusted p-values (p.adj)
Published: 2021
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28. Gene regulation contributes to explain the impact of early life socioeconomic disadvantage on adult inflammatory levels in two cohort studies

Author: Cristian Carmeli, Zoltán Kutalik, Pashupati P. Mishra, Eleonora Porcu, Cyrille Delpierre, Olivier Delaneau, Michelle Kelly-Irving, Murielle Bochud, Nasser A. Dhayat, Belen Ponte, Menno Pruijm, Georg Ehret, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Paolo Vineis, Mika Kivimäki, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Emmanouil Dermitzakis, Nicolas Vuilleumier, and Silvia Stringhini
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Individuals experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood have a higher rate of inflammation-related diseases decades later. Little is known about the mechanisms linking early life experiences to the functioning of the immune system in adulthood. To address this, we explore the relationship across social-to-biological layers of early life social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation and the mediating role of gene regulatory mechanisms, epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling from blood, in 2,329 individuals from two European cohort studies. Consistently across both studies, we find transcriptional activity explains a substantive proportion (78% and 26%) of the estimated effect of early life disadvantaged social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation. Furthermore, we show that mechanisms other than cis DNA methylation may regulate those transcriptional fingerprints. These results further our understanding of social-to-biological transitions by pinpointing the role of gene regulation that cannot fully be explained by differential cis DNA methylation.
Published: 2021
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29. Influence of early-life body mass index and systolic blood pressure on left ventricle in adulthood – the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Author: Jarkko S. Heiskanen, Jussi A. Hernesniemi, Saku Ruohonen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Eero Jokinen, Päivi Tossavainen, Merja Kallio, Tomi Laitinen, Terho Lehtimäki, Jorma Viikari, Markus Juonala, Jaakko Nevalainen, and Olli T. Raitakari
Subjects: Left ventricular mass, body mass index, blood pressure, risk factor, epidemiology, Medicine
Abstract: AbstractBackground Increased left ventricular mass (LVM) predicts cardiovascular events and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine whether early-life exposures to body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SPB) affects the left ventricular structure in adulthood.Methods We used longitudinal data from a 31-year follow-up to examine the associations between early-life (between ages 6–18) BMI and SPB on LVM in an adult population (N = 1864, aged 34–49). The burden of early-life BMI and SBP was defined as area under the curve.Results After accounting for contemporary adult determinants of LVM, early-life BMI burden associated significantly with LVM (3.61 g/SD increase in early-life BMI; [1.94 − 5.28], p 25 kg/m2) associated with 4.7% (2.5–6.9%, p 30kg/m2) resulted in a 21% (17.3–32.9%, p
Published: 2021
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30. Childhood exposure to parental smoking and life-course overweight and central obesity

Author: Johanna M. Jaakkola, Suvi P. Rovio, Katja Pahkala, Jorma Viikari, Tapani Rönnemaa, Antti Jula, Harri Niinikoski, Juha Mykkänen, Markus Juonala, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, and Olli T. Raitakari
Subjects: Smoking exposure, parental, overweight, central obesity, Medicine
Abstract: AbstractObjective To evaluate the association between childhood parental smoking exposure and the risk of overweight/obesity from childhood to adulthood.Methods This study leverages the data from two longitudinal population based cohort studies, the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study between years 1980–2011/2012 (YFS; N = 2,303; baseline age 3–18 years) and the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project between years 1989–2009/2010 (STRIP; N = 632; baseline age 7 months). Weight, height and waist circumference were measured from childhood to adulthood. Overweight/obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 in adults and using the Cole criteria in children. Central obesity was defined as waist circumference > 100/90 cm in men/women and as a waist-to-height ratio > 0.50 in children. Statistical analyses were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking, birth weight, parental ages, diet and physical activity.Results Childhood parental smoking exposure was associated with increased risk for life-course overweight/obesity (YFS: RR1.13, 95%CI 1.02–1.24; STRIP: RR1.57, 95%CI 1.10–2.26) and central obesity (YFS: RR1.18, 95%CI 1.01–1.38; STRIP: RR1.45, 95%CI 0.98–2.15).Conclusions Childhood exposure to parental smoking is associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity over the life-course.KEY MESSAGESExposure to parental smoking in childhood was associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity, central obesity and adiposity measured by skinfold thickness from childhood to adulthood.
Published: 2021
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31. Fatty liver index predicts incident risk of prediabetes, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Author: Daniel J. Cuthbertson, Juha Koskinen, Emily Brown, Costan G. Magnussen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Matthew Sabin, Päivi Tossavainen, Eero Jokinen, Tomi Laitinen, Jorma Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, and Markus Juonala
Subjects: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, risk, type 2 diabetes, Medicine
Abstract: AbstractAims To investigate the association between overweight/obesity and fatty liver index (FLI) on the odds of incident prediabetes/type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 2020 participants after 10 years follow up.Methods At baseline (in 2001) 2020 participants, males and females, aged 24–39 years, were stratified according to body mass index (BMI), normal weight (
Published: 2021
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32. Systemic vascular resistance predicts the development of hypertension: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

Author: Emilia Kähönen, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Heikki Aatola, Teemu Koivistoinen, Atte Haarala, Kalle Sipilä, Markus Juonala, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Mika Kähönen, and Nina Hutri-Kähönen
Subjects: blood pressure, hypertension, hemodynamics, systemic vascular resistance, risk factors, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Purpose To study whether systemic hemodynamics, especially systemic vascular resistance, predicts the development of hypertension and improves the risk prediction of incident hypertension beyond common risk factors in the risk models in young adults. Materials and methods Typical risk factors for hypertension in the risk prediction models (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, parental history of hypertension, age, sex, body-mass index, smoking), laboratory values (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein), heart rate (HR), stroke index (SI), and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) calculated by whole-body impedance cardiography were evaluated in 2007 and blood pressure in 2011 in 1293 Finnish adults (aged 30–45 years; females 56%; n = 1058 normotensive in 2007). Results Of hemodynamic variables, SVRI and HR evaluated in 2007 were independently associated with systolic blood pressure (p
Published: 2020
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33. Pulse wave velocity is related to exercise blood pressure response in young adults. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Author: Atte Haarala, Emilia Kähönen, Teemu Koivistoinen, Kristiina Pälve, Janne Hulkkonen, Antti Tikkakoski, Kalle Sipilä, Olli T. Raitakari, Terho Lehtimäki, Mika Kähönen, Heikki Aatola, and Nina Hutri-Kähönen
Subjects: exercise blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, risk factors, arterial stiffness, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Purpose: High pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of increased arterial stiffness, and an exaggerated exercise blood pressure (EEBP) response during an exercise test have both been related to an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular events. Contradictory results have been published about the association between these two parameters, and their relation in healthy young adults is unknown. Materials and methods: This study consisted of 209 young adults (mean age 38 years) who participated in the ongoing Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study between 2007 and 2009. We measured resting PWV with impedance cardiography in 2007, and participants performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test with blood pressure (BP) measurements at rest, during exercise and during recovery in 2008–2009. Results: High PWV (≥age- and sex-specific median) at baseline was associated with EEBP (SBP >210 mmHg for men and >190 mmHg for women) an average of 14 months later and with systolic BP during different stages of exercise from rest to peak and recovery (during peak exercise, β ± SE was 4.1 ± 1.1, p
Published: 2020
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34. Multi-ancestry GWAS of the electrocardiographic PR interval identifies 202 loci underlying cardiac conduction

Author: Ioanna Ntalla, Lu-Chen Weng, James H. Cartwright, Amelia Weber Hall, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Nathan R. Tucker, Seung Hoan Choi, Mark D. Chaffin, Carolina Roselli, Michael R. Barnes, Borbala Mifsud, Helen R. Warren, Caroline Hayward, Jonathan Marten, James J. Cranley, Maria Pina Concas, Paolo Gasparini, Thibaud Boutin, Ivana Kolcic, Ozren Polasek, Igor Rudan, Nathalia M. Araujo, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Renan P. Souza, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Erik Ingelsson, Anubha Mahajan, Andrew P. Morris, Fabiola Del Greco M, Luisa Foco, Martin Gögele, Andrew A. Hicks, James P. Cook, Lars Lind, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Johan Sundström, Christopher P. Nelson, Muhammad B. Riaz, Nilesh J. Samani, Gianfranco Sinagra, Sheila Ulivi, Mika Kähönen, Pashupati P. Mishra, Nina Mononen, Kjell Nikus, Mark J. Caulfield, Anna Dominiczak, Sandosh Padmanabhan, May E. Montasser, Jeff R. O’Connell, Kathleen Ryan, Alan R. Shuldiner, Stefanie Aeschbacher, David Conen, Lorenz Risch, Sébastien Thériault, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Olli T. Raitakari, Catriona L. K. Barnes, Harry Campbell, Peter K. Joshi, James F. Wilson, Aaron Isaacs, Jan A. Kors, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Paul L. Huang, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamara B. Harris, Lenore J. Launer, Albert V. Smith, Erwin P. Bottinger, Ruth J. F. Loos, Girish N. Nadkarni, Michael H. Preuss, Adolfo Correa, Hao Mei, James Wilson, Thomas Meitinger, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Annette Peters, Melanie Waldenberger, Massimo Mangino, Timothy D. Spector, Michiel Rienstra, Yordi J. van de Vegte, Pim van der Harst, Niek Verweij, Stefan Kääb, Katharina Schramm, Moritz F. Sinner, Konstantin Strauch, Michael J. Cutler, Diane Fatkin, Barry London, Morten Olesen, Dan M. Roden, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, J. Gustav Smith, Mary L. Biggs, Joshua C. Bis, Jennifer A. Brody, Bruce M. Psaty, Kenneth Rice, Nona Sotoodehnia, Alessandro De Grandi, Christian Fuchsberger, Cristian Pattaro, Peter P. Pramstaller, Ian Ford, J. Wouter Jukema, Peter W. Macfarlane, Stella Trompet, Marcus Dörr, Stephan B. Felix, Uwe Völker, Stefan Weiss, Aki S. Havulinna, Antti Jula, Katri Sääksjärvi, Veikko Salomaa, Xiuqing Guo, Susan R. Heckbert, Henry J. Lin, Jerome I. Rotter, Kent D. Taylor, Jie Yao, Renée de Mutsert, Arie C. Maan, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Raymond Noordam, Francesco Cucca, Jun Ding, Edward G. Lakatta, Yong Qian, Kirill V. Tarasov, Daniel Levy, Honghuang Lin, Christopher H. Newton-Cheh, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Alison D. Murray, David J. Porteous, Blair H. Smith, Bruno H. Stricker, André Uitterlinden, Marten E. van den Berg, Jeffrey Haessler, Rebecca D. Jackson, Charles Kooperberg, Ulrike Peters, Alexander P. Reiner, Eric A. Whitsel, Alvaro Alonso, Dan E. Arking, Eric Boerwinkle, Georg B. Ehret, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Christy L. Avery, Stephanie M. Gogarten, Kathleen F. Kerr, Cathy C. Laurie, Amanda A. Seyerle, Adrienne Stilp, Solmaz Assa, M. Abdullah Said, M. Yldau van der Ende, Pier D. Lambiase, Michele Orini, Julia Ramirez, Stefan Van Duijvenboden, David O. Arnar, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Patrick Sulem, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Rosa B. Thorolfsdottir, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Emelia J. Benjamin, Andrew Tinker, Kari Stefansson, Patrick T. Ellinor, Yalda Jamshidi, Steven A. Lubitz, and Patricia B. Munroe
Subjects: Science
Abstract: On the electrocardiogram, the PR interval reflects conduction from the atria to ventricles and also serves as risk indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Here, the authors perform genome-wide meta-analyses for PR interval in multiple ancestries and identify 141 previously unreported genetic loci.
Published: 2020
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35. A genome-wide association study of total child psychiatric problems scores

Author: Alexander Neumann, Ilja M. Nolte, Irene Pappa, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Erik Pettersson, Alina Rodriguez, Andrew Whitehouse, Catharina E. M. van Beijsterveldt, Beben Benyamin, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Quinta Helmer, Ville Karhunen, Eva Krapohl, Yi Lu, Peter J. van der Most, Teemu Palviainen, Beate St Pourcain, Ilkka Seppälä, Anna Suarez, Natalia Vilor-Tejedor, Carla M. T. Tiesler, Carol Wang, Amanda Wills, Ang Zhou, Silvia Alemany, Hans Bisgaard, Klaus Bønnelykke, Gareth E. Davies, Christian Hakulinen, Anjali K. Henders, Elina Hyppönen, Jakob Stokholm, Meike Bartels, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Joachim Heinrich, John Hewitt, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Tellervo Korhonen, Jaakko Kaprio, Jari Lahti, Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, Terho Lehtimäki, Christel M. Middeldorp, Jackob M. Najman, Craig Pennell, Chris Power, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Robert Plomin, Katri Räikkönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Kaili Rimfeld, Lærke Sass, Harold Snieder, Marie Standl, Jordi Sunyer, Gail M. Williams, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg, Dorret I. Boomsma, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Catharina A. Hartman, and Henning Tiemeier
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Substantial genetic correlations have been reported across psychiatric disorders and numerous cross-disorder genetic variants have been detected. To identify the genetic variants underlying general psychopathology in childhood, we performed a genome-wide association study using a total psychiatric problem score. We analyzed 6,844,199 common SNPs in 38,418 school-aged children from 20 population-based cohorts participating in the EAGLE consortium. The SNP heritability of total psychiatric problems was 5.4% (SE = 0.01) and two loci reached genome-wide significance: rs10767094 and rs202005905. We also observed an association of SBF2, a gene associated with neuroticism in previous GWAS, with total psychiatric problems. The genetic effects underlying the total score were shared with common psychiatric disorders only (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, depression, insomnia) (rG > 0.49), but not with autism or the less common adult disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or eating disorders) (rG < 0.01). Importantly, the total psychiatric problem score also showed at least a moderate genetic correlation with intelligence, educational attainment, wellbeing, smoking, and body fat (rG > 0.29). The results suggest that many common genetic variants are associated with childhood psychiatric symptoms and related phenotypes in general instead of with specific symptoms. Further research is needed to establish causality and pleiotropic mechanisms between related traits.
Published: 2022

36. Multi-ancestry sleep-by-SNP interaction analysis in 126,926 individuals reveals lipid loci stratified by sleep duration

Author: Raymond Noordam, Maxime M. Bos, Heming Wang, Thomas W. Winkler, Amy R. Bentley, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Paul S. de Vries, Yun Ju Sung, Karen Schwander, Brian E. Cade, Alisa Manning, Hugues Aschard, Michael R. Brown, Han Chen, Nora Franceschini, Solomon K. Musani, Melissa Richard, Dina Vojinovic, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lisa de las Fuentes, Mary Feitosa, Andrea R. Horimoto, Marjan Ilkov, Minjung Kho, Aldi Kraja, Changwei Li, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Tuomo Rankinen, Salman M. Tajuddin, Ashley van der Spek, Zhe Wang, Jonathan Marten, Vincent Laville, Maris Alver, Evangelos Evangelou, Maria E. Graff, Meian He, Brigitte Kühnel, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Ilja M. Nolte, Nicholette D. Palmer, Rainer Rauramaa, Xiao-Ou Shu, Harold Snieder, Stefan Weiss, Wanqing Wen, Lisa R. Yanek, Correa Adolfo, Christie Ballantyne, Larry Bielak, Nienke R. Biermasz, Eric Boerwinkle, Niki Dimou, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Chuan Gao, Sina A. Gharib, Daniel J. Gottlieb, José Haba-Rubio, Tamara B. Harris, Sami Heikkinen, Raphaël Heinzer, James E. Hixson, Georg Homuth, M. Arfan Ikram, Pirjo Komulainen, Jose E. Krieger, Jiwon Lee, Jingmin Liu, Kurt K. Lohman, Annemarie I. Luik, Reedik Mägi, Lisa W. Martin, Thomas Meitinger, Andres Metspalu, Yuri Milaneschi, Mike A. Nalls, Jeff O’Connell, Annette Peters, Patricia Peyser, Olli T. Raitakari, Alex P. Reiner, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Treva K. Rice, Stephen S. Rich, Till Roenneberg, Jerome I. Rotter, Pamela J. Schreiner, James Shikany, Stephen S. Sidney, Mario Sims, Colleen M. Sitlani, Tamar Sofer, Konstantin Strauch, Morris A. Swertz, Kent D. Taylor, André G. Uitterlinden, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, Robert B. Wallance, Ko Willems van Dijk, Caizheng Yu, Alan B. Zonderman, Diane M. Becker, Paul Elliott, Tõnu Esko, Christian Gieger, Hans J. Grabe, Timo A. Lakka, Terho Lehtimäki, Kari E. North, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Peter Vollenweider, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Tangchun Wu, Yong-Bing Xiang, Wei Zheng, Donna K. Arnett, Claude Bouchard, Michele K. Evans, Vilmundur Gudnason, Sharon Kardia, Tanika N. Kelly, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Ruth J. F. Loos, Alexandre C. Pereira, Mike Province, Bruce M. Psaty, Charles Rotimi, Xiaofeng Zhu, Najaf Amin, L. Adrienne Cupples, Myriam Fornage, Ervin F. Fox, Xiuqing Guo, W. James Gauderman, Kenneth Rice, Charles Kooperberg, Patricia B. Munroe, Ching-Ti Liu, Alanna C. Morrison, Dabeeru C. Rao, Diana van Heemst, and Susan Redline
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Sleep duration is associated with an adverse lipid profile. Here, the authors perform genome-wide gene-by-sleep interaction analysis and find 49 previously unreported lipid loci when considering short or long total sleep time.
Published: 2019
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37. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies multiple longevity genes

Author: Joris Deelen, Daniel S. Evans, Dan E. Arking, Niccolò Tesi, Marianne Nygaard, Xiaomin Liu, Mary K. Wojczynski, Mary L. Biggs, Ashley van der Spek, Gil Atzmon, Erin B. Ware, Chloé Sarnowski, Albert V. Smith, Ilkka Seppälä, Heather J. Cordell, Janina Dose, Najaf Amin, Alice M. Arnold, Kristin L. Ayers, Nir Barzilai, Elizabeth J. Becker, Marian Beekman, Hélène Blanché, Kaare Christensen, Lene Christiansen, Joanna C. Collerton, Sarah Cubaynes, Steven R. Cummings, Karen Davies, Birgit Debrabant, Jean-François Deleuze, Rachel Duncan, Jessica D. Faul, Claudio Franceschi, Pilar Galan, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamara B. Harris, Martijn Huisman, Mikko A. Hurme, Carol Jagger, Iris Jansen, Marja Jylhä, Mika Kähönen, David Karasik, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Andrew Kingston, Thomas B. L. Kirkwood, Lenore J. Launer, Terho Lehtimäki, Wolfgang Lieb, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Carmen Martin-Ruiz, Junxia Min, Almut Nebel, Anne B. Newman, Chao Nie, Ellen A. Nohr, Eric S. Orwoll, Thomas T. Perls, Michael A. Province, Bruce M. Psaty, Olli T. Raitakari, Marcel J. T. Reinders, Jean-Marie Robine, Jerome I. Rotter, Paola Sebastiani, Jennifer Smith, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Kent D. Taylor, André G. Uitterlinden, Wiesje van der Flier, Sven J. van der Lee, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Diana van Heemst, James W. Vaupel, David Weir, Kenny Ye, Yi Zeng, Wanlin Zheng, Henne Holstege, Douglas P. Kiel, Kathryn L. Lunetta, P. Eline Slagboom, and Joanne M. Murabito
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have only revealed a handful of genetic loci for longevity. Here, in a case–control design based on phenotype definitions of individuals surviving at or beyond the age corresponding to the 90th and 99th survival percentile, the authors report two additional loci located in the APOE locus and near GPR78.
Published: 2019
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38. Author Correction: Study of 300,486 individuals identifies 148 independent genetic loci influencing general cognitive function

Author: Gail Davies, Max Lam, Sarah E. Harris, Joey W. Trampush, Michelle Luciano, W. David Hill, Saskia P. Hagenaars, Stuart J. Ritchie, Riccardo E. Marioni, Chloe Fawns-Ritchie, David C. M. Liewald, Judith A. Okely, Ari V. Ahola-Olli, Catriona L. K. Barnes, Lars Bertram, Joshua C. Bis, Katherine E. Burdick, Andrea Christoforou, Pamela DeRosse, Srdjan Djurovic, Thomas Espeseth, Stella Giakoumaki, Sudheer Giddaluru, Daniel E. Gustavson, Caroline Hayward, Edith Hofer, M. Arfan Ikram, Robert Karlsson, Emma Knowles, Jari Lahti, Markus Leber, Shuo Li, Karen A. Mather, Ingrid Melle, Derek Morris, Christopher Oldmeadow, Teemu Palviainen, Antony Payton, Raha Pazoki, Katja Petrovic, Chandra A. Reynolds, Muralidharan Sargurupremraj, Markus Scholz, Jennifer A. Smith, Albert V. Smith, Natalie Terzikhan, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Stella Trompet, Sven J. van der Lee, Erin B. Ware, B. Gwen Windham, Margaret J. Wright, Jingyun Yang, Jin Yu, David Ames, Najaf Amin, Philippe Amouyel, Ole A. Andreassen, Nicola J. Armstrong, Amelia A. Assareh, John R. Attia, Deborah Attix, Dimitrios Avramopoulos, David A. Bennett, Anne C. Böhmer, Patricia A. Boyle, Henry Brodaty, Harry Campbell, Tyrone D. Cannon, Elizabeth T. Cirulli, Eliza Congdon, Emily Drabant Conley, Janie Corley, Simon R. Cox, Anders M. Dale, Abbas Dehghan, Danielle Dick, Dwight Dickinson, Johan G. Eriksson, Evangelos Evangelou, Jessica D. Faul, Ian Ford, Nelson A. Freimer, He Gao, Ina Giegling, Nathan A. Gillespie, Scott D. Gordon, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Michael E. Griswold, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamara B. Harris, Annette M. Hartmann, Alex Hatzimanolis, Gerardo Heiss, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Peter K. Joshi, Mika Kähönen, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Ida Karlsson, Luca Kleineidam, David S. Knopman, Nicole A. Kochan, Bettina Konte, John B. Kwok, Stephanie Le Hellard, Teresa Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Shu-Chen Li, Christina M. Lill, Tian Liu, Marisa Koini, Edythe London, Will T. Longstreth, Oscar L. Lopez, Anu Loukola, Tobias Luck, Astri J. Lundervold, Anders Lundquist, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, Alison D. Murray, Anna C. Need, Raymond Noordam, Lars Nyberg, William Ollier, Goran Papenberg, Alison Pattie, Ozren Polasek, Russell A. Poldrack, Bruce M. Psaty, Simone Reppermund, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Richard J. Rose, Jerome I. Rotter, Panos Roussos, Suvi P. Rovio, Yasaman Saba, Fred W. Sabb, Perminder S. Sachdev, Claudia L. Satizabal, Matthias Schmid, Rodney J. Scott, Matthew A. Scult, Jeannette Simino, P. Eline Slagboom, Nikolaos Smyrnis, Aïcha Soumaré, Nikos C. Stefanis, David J. Stott, Richard E. Straub, Kjetil Sundet, Adele M. Taylor, Kent D. Taylor, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Christophe Tzourio, André Uitterlinden, Veronique Vitart, Aristotle N. Voineskos, Jaakko Kaprio, Michael Wagner, Holger Wagner, Leonie Weinhold, K. Hoyan Wen, Elisabeth Widen, Qiong Yang, Wei Zhao, Hieab H. H. Adams, Dan E. Arking, Robert M. Bilder, Panos Bitsios, Eric Boerwinkle, Ornit Chiba-Falek, Aiden Corvin, Philip L. De Jager, Stéphanie Debette, Gary Donohoe, Paul Elliott, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Michael Gill, David C. Glahn, Sara Hägg, Narelle K. Hansell, Ahmad R. Hariri, M. Kamran Ikram, J. Wouter Jukema, Eero Vuoksimaa, Matthew C. Keller, William S. Kremen, Lenore Launer, Ulman Lindenberger, Aarno Palotie, Nancy L. Pedersen, Neil Pendleton, David J. Porteous, Katri Räikkönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Alfredo Ramirez, Ivar Reinvang, Igor Rudan, Dan Rujescu, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Peter W. Schofield, Peter R. Schofield, John M. Starr, Vidar M. Steen, Julian N. Trollor, Steven T. Turner, Cornelia M. Van Duijn, Arno Villringer, Daniel R. Weinberger, David R. Weir, James F. Wilson, Anil Malhotra, Andrew M. McIntosh, Catharine R. Gale, Sudha Seshadri, Thomas H. Mosley, Jan Bressler, Todd Lencz, and Ian J. Deary
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Christina M. Lill, who contributed to analysis of data, was inadvertently omitted from the author list in the originally published version of this article. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.
Published: 2019
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39. Tracking of secretory phospholipase A2 enzyme activity levels from childhood to adulthood: a 21‐year cohort

Author: Olivia Chung, Markus Juonala, Ziad Mallat, Nina Hutri‐Kähönen, Jorma S.A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, and Costan G. Magnussen
Subjects: Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract: Objective: Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzyme activity is a potential inflammatory biomarker for cardiovascular disease. We examined the tracking, or persistence, of sPLA2 enzyme activity levels from childhood to adulthood, and identify potentially modifiable factors affecting tracking. Method: Prospective cohort of 1735 children (45% females) who had serum sPLA2 enzyme activity levels and other cardiovascular disease risk factors measured in 1980 that were followed‐up in 2001. Results: sPLA2 activity tracked from childhood to adulthood for males (r = 0.39) and females (r = 0.45). Those who decreased body mass index relative to their peers were more likely to resolve elevated childhood sPLA2 levels than have persistent elevated sPLA2 levels in childhood and adulthood. Those who consumed less fruit, and gained more body mass index relative to their peers, began smoking or were a persistent smoker between childhood and adulthood were more likely to develop incident elevated sPLA2 levels than those with persistent not elevated sPLA2 levels. Conclusions: Childhood sPLA2 enzyme activity levels associate with adult sPLA2 levels 21 years later. Healthful changes in modifiable risk factors that occur between childhood and adulthood might prevent children from developing elevated sPLA2 levels in adulthood. Resumo: Objetivo: A atividade da enzima fosfolipase A2 secretória (sPLA2) é um possível biomarcador inflamatório de doença cardiovascular. Examinamos o monitoramento, ou a persistência, dos níveis de atividade da enzima sPLA2 da infância à vida adulta e identificamos fatores possivelmente modificáveis que afetam o monitoramento. Método: Coorte prospectiva de 1.735 crianças (45% do sexo feminino) cujos níveis de atividade da enzima sPLA2 no soro e outros fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular foram medidos em 1980 e acompanhados até 2011. Resultados: Atividade da enzima sPLA2 monitorada da infância à vida adulta para indivíduos do sexo masculino (r = 0,39) e sexo feminino (r = 0,45). Aqueles que diminuíram seus índices de massa corporal com relação a seus pares foram mais propensos à redução dos níveis elevados de sPLA2 na infância do que a manter níveis persistentemente elevados de sPLA2 na infância e vida adulta. Aqueles que consumiram menos frutas e ganharam mais índice de massa corporal com relação a seus pares, que começaram a fumar ou foram fumantes persistentes entre a infância e vida adulta foram mais propensos a desenvolver níveis de sPLA2 elevados do que aqueles com níveis de sPLA2 não elevados persistentes. Conclusões: Os níveis de atividade da enzima sPLA2 na infância estão associados aos níveis de sPLA2 na vida adulta, 21 anos mais tarde. As mudanças saudáveis nos fatores de risco modificáveis que ocorrem entre a infância e a vida adulta podem evitar que as crianças desenvolvam níveis elevados de sPLA2 na vida adulta. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Cohort study, Inflammation, Prevention, Palavras‐chave: Aterosclerose, Estudo de coorte, Inflamação, Prevenção
Published: 2019
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40. Multi-ancestry study of blood lipid levels identifies four loci interacting with physical activity

Author: Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Amy R. Bentley, Raymond Noordam, Yun Ju Sung, Karen Schwander, Thomas W. Winkler, Hermina Jakupović, Daniel I. Chasman, Alisa Manning, Ioanna Ntalla, Hugues Aschard, Michael R. Brown, Lisa de las Fuentes, Nora Franceschini, Xiuqing Guo, Dina Vojinovic, Stella Aslibekyan, Mary F. Feitosa, Minjung Kho, Solomon K. Musani, Melissa Richard, Heming Wang, Zhe Wang, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Archie Campbell, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Virginia Fisher, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea R. V. R. Horimoto, Changwei Li, Kurt K. Lohman, Jonathan Marten, Xueling Sim, Albert V. Smith, Salman M. Tajuddin, Maris Alver, Marzyeh Amini, Mathilde Boissel, Jin Fang Chai, Xu Chen, Jasmin Divers, Evangelos Evangelou, Chuan Gao, Mariaelisa Graff, Sarah E. Harris, Meian He, Fang-Chi Hsu, Anne U. Jackson, Jing Hua Zhao, Aldi T. Kraja, Brigitte Kühnel, Federica Laguzzi, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Ilja M. Nolte, Rainer Rauramaa, Muhammad Riaz, Antonietta Robino, Rico Rueedi, Heather M. Stringham, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Peter J. van der Most, Tibor V. Varga, Niek Verweij, Erin B. Ware, Wanqing Wen, Xiaoyin Li, Lisa R. Yanek, Najaf Amin, Donna K. Arnett, Eric Boerwinkle, Marco Brumat, Brian Cade, Mickaël Canouil, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Maria Pina Concas, John Connell, Renée de Mutsert, H. Janaka de Silva, Paul S. de Vries, Ayşe Demirkan, Jingzhong Ding, Charles B. Eaton, Jessica D. Faul, Yechiel Friedlander, Kelley P. Gabriel, Mohsen Ghanbari, Franco Giulianini, Chi Charles Gu, Dongfeng Gu, Tamara B. Harris, Jiang He, Sami Heikkinen, Chew-Kiat Heng, Steven C. Hunt, M. Arfan Ikram, Jost B. Jonas, Woon-Puay Koh, Pirjo Komulainen, Jose E. Krieger, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Zoltán Kutalik, Johanna Kuusisto, Carl D. Langefeld, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J. Launer, Karin Leander, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Cora E. Lewis, Jingjing Liang, Lifelines Cohort Study, Jianjun Liu, Reedik Mägi, Ani Manichaikul, Thomas Meitinger, Andres Metspalu, Yuri Milaneschi, Karen L. Mohlke, Thomas H. Mosley, Alison D. Murray, Mike A. Nalls, Ei-Ei Khaing Nang, Christopher P. Nelson, Sotoodehnia Nona, Jill M. Norris, Chiamaka Vivian Nwuba, Jeff O’Connell, Nicholette D. Palmer, George J. Papanicolau, Raha Pazoki, Nancy L. Pedersen, Annette Peters, Patricia A. Peyser, Ozren Polasek, David J. Porteous, Alaitz Poveda, Olli T. Raitakari, Stephen S. Rich, Neil Risch, Jennifer G. Robinson, Lynda M. Rose, Igor Rudan, Pamela J. Schreiner, Robert A. Scott, Stephen S. Sidney, Mario Sims, Jennifer A. Smith, Harold Snieder, Tamar Sofer, John M. Starr, Barbara Sternfeld, Konstantin Strauch, Hua Tang, Kent D. Taylor, Michael Y. Tsai, Jaakko Tuomilehto, André G. Uitterlinden, M. Yldau van der Ende, Diana van Heemst, Trudy Voortman, Melanie Waldenberger, Patrik Wennberg, Gregory Wilson, Yong-Bing Xiang, Jie Yao, Caizheng Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Wei Zhao, Alan B. Zonderman, Diane M. Becker, Michael Boehnke, Donald W. Bowden, Ulf de Faire, Ian J. Deary, Paul Elliott, Tõnu Esko, Barry I. Freedman, Philippe Froguel, Paolo Gasparini, Christian Gieger, Norihiro Kato, Markku Laakso, Timo A. Lakka, Terho Lehtimäki, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Nilesh J. Samani, Xiao-Ou Shu, Pim van der Harst, Jana V. Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Peter Vollenweider, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Ya X. Wang, Nicholas J. Wareham, David R. Weir, Tangchun Wu, Wei Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Michele K. Evans, Paul W. Franks, Vilmundur Gudnason, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L. Horta, Tanika N. Kelly, Yongmei Liu, Kari E. North, Alexandre C. Pereira, Paul M. Ridker, E. Shyong Tai, Rob M. van Dam, Ervin R. Fox, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Ching-Ti Liu, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Michael A. Province, Susan Redline, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Jerome I. Rotter, Charles B. Kooperberg, W. James Gauderman, Bruce M. Psaty, Kenneth Rice, Patricia B. Munroe, Myriam Fornage, L. Adrienne Cupples, Charles N. Rotimi, Alanna C. Morrison, Dabeeru C. Rao, and Ruth J. F. Loos
Subjects: Science
Abstract: GWAS have identified more than 500 genetic loci associated with blood lipid levels. Here, the authors report a genome-wide analysis of interactions between genetic markers and physical activity, and find that physical activity modifies the effects of four genetic loci on HDL or LDL cholesterol.
Published: 2019
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41. Association of maternal prenatal smoking GFI1-locus and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 18,212 adultsResearch in context

Author: Priyanka Parmar, Estelle Lowry, Giovanni Cugliari, Matthew Suderman, Rory Wilson, Ville Karhunen, Toby Andrew, Petri Wiklund, Matthias Wielscher, Simonetta Guarrera, Alexander Teumer, Benjamin Lehne, Lili Milani, Niek de Klein, Pashupati P. Mishra, Phillip E. Melton, Pooja R. Mandaviya, Silva Kasela, Jana Nano, Weihua Zhang, Yan Zhang, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Annette Peters, Ben Schöttker, Christian Gieger, Denise Anderson, Dorret I. Boomsma, Hans J. Grabe, Salvatore Panico, Jan H. Veldink, Joyce B.J. van Meurs, Leonard van den Berg, Lawrence J. Beilin, Lude Franke, Marie Loh, Marleen M.J. van Greevenbroek, Matthias Nauck, Mika Kähönen, Mikko A. Hurme, Olli T. Raitakari, Oscar H. Franco, P.Eline Slagboom, Pim van der Harst, Sonja Kunze, Stephan B. Felix, Tao Zhang, Wei Chen, Trevor A. Mori, Amelie Bonnefond, Bastiaan T. Heijmans, Taulant Muka, Jaspal S. Kooner, Krista Fischer, Melanie Waldenberger, Philippe Froguel, Rae-Chi Huang, Terho Lehtimäki, Wolfgang Rathmann, Caroline L. Relton, Giuseppe Matullo, Hermann Brenner, Niek Verweij, Shengxu Li, John C. Chambers, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, and Sylvain Sebert
Subjects: Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background: DNA methylation at the GFI1-locus has been repeatedly associated with exposure to smoking from the foetal period onwards. We explored whether DNA methylation may be a mechanism that links exposure to maternal prenatal smoking with offspring's adult cardio-metabolic health. Methods: We meta-analysed the association between DNA methylation at GFI1-locus with maternal prenatal smoking, adult own smoking, and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 22 population-based studies from Europe, Australia, and USA (n = 18,212). DNA methylation at the GFI1-locus was measured in whole-blood. Multivariable regression models were fitted to examine its association with exposure to prenatal and own adult smoking. DNA methylation levels were analysed in relation to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose (FG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL—C), triglycerides (TG), diastolic, and systolic blood pressure (BP). Findings: Lower DNA methylation at three out of eight GFI1-CpGs was associated with exposure to maternal prenatal smoking, whereas, all eight CpGs were associated with adult own smoking. Lower DNA methylation at cg14179389, the strongest maternal prenatal smoking locus, was associated with increased WC and BP when adjusted for sex, age, and adult smoking with Bonferroni-corrected P
Published: 2018
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42. Variants associated with HHIP expression have sex-differential effects on lung function [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

Author: Katherine A. Fawcett, Ma'en Obeidat, Carl Melbourne, Nick Shrine, Anna L. Guyatt, Catherine John, Jian'an Luan, Anne Richmond, Marta R. Moksnes, Raquel Granell, Stefan Weiss, Medea Imboden, Sebastian May-Wilson, Pirro Hysi, Thibaud S. Boutin, Laura Portas, Claudia Flexeder, Sarah E. Harris, Carol A. Wang, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Teemu Palviainen, Rachel E. Foong, Dirk Keidel, Cosetta Minelli, Claudia Langenberg, Yohan Bossé, Maarten Van den Berge, Don D. Sin, Ke Hao, Archie Campbell, David Porteous, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Blair H. Smith, David M. Evans, Sue Ring, Arnulf Langhammer, Kristian Hveem, Cristen Willer, Ralf Ewert, Beate Stubbe, Nicola Pirastu, Lucija Klaric, Peter K. Joshi, Karina Patasova, Mangino Massimo, Ozren Polasek, John M. Starr, Stefan Karrasch, Konstantin Strauch, Thomas Meitinger, Igor Rudan, Taina Rantanen, Kirsi Pietiläinen, Mika Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Graham L. Hall, Peter D. Sly, Craig E. Pennell, Jaakko Kaprio, Terho Lehtimäki, Veronique Vitart, Ian J. Deary, Debbie Jarvis, James F. Wilson, Tim Spector, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nicholas J. Wareham, Henry Völzke, John Henderson, David P. Strachan, Ben M. Brumpton, Caroline Hayward, Ian P. Hall, Martin D. Tobin, and Louise V. Wain
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Background: Lung function is highly heritable and differs between the sexes throughout life. However, little is known about sex-differential genetic effects on lung function. We aimed to conduct the first genome-wide genotype-by-sex interaction study on lung function to identify genetic effects that differ between males and females. Methods: We tested for interactions between 7,745,864 variants and sex on spirometry-based measures of lung function in UK Biobank (N=303,612), and sought replication in 75,696 independent individuals from the SpiroMeta consortium. Results: Five independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed genome-wide significant (P
Published: 2021
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43. Determining the timing of pubertal onset via a multicohort analysis of growth

Author: Essi Syrjälä, Harri Niinikoski, Helena E. Virtanen, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Katja Pahkala, Olli T. Raitakari, Wiwat Rodprasert, Jorma Toppari, Suvi M. Virtanen, Riitta Veijola, Jaakko Peltonen, and Jaakko Nevalainen
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Objective Growth-based determination of pubertal onset timing would be cheap and practical. We aimed to determine this timing based on pubertal growth markers. Secondary aims were to estimate the differences in growth between cohorts and identify the role of overweight in onset timing. Design This multicohort study includes data from three Finnish cohorts—the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP, N = 2,825) Study, the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP, N = 711), and the Boy cohort (N = 66). Children were monitored for growth and Tanner staging (except in DIPP). Methods The growth data were analyzed using a Super-Imposition by Translation And Rotation growth curve model, and pubertal onset analyses were run using a time-to-pubertal onset model. Results The time-to-pubertal onset model used age at peak height velocity (aPHV), peak height velocity (PHV), and overweight status as covariates, with interaction between aPHV and overweight status for girls, and succeeded in determining the onset timing. Cross-validation showed a good agreement (71.0% for girls, 77.0% for boys) between the observed and predicted onset timings. Children in STRIP were taller overall (girls: 1.7 [95% CI: 0.9, 2.5] cm, boys: 1.0 [0.3, 2.2] cm) and had higher PHV values (girls: 0.13 [0.02, 0.25] cm/year, boys: 0.35 [0.21, 0.49] cm/year) than those in DIPP. Boys in the Boy cohort were taller (2.3 [0.3, 4.2] cm) compared with DIPP. Overweight girls showed pubertal onset at 1.0 [0.7, 1.4] year earlier compared with other girls. In boys, there was no such difference. Conclusions The novel modeling approach provides an opportunity to evaluate the Tanner breast/genital stage–based pubertal onset timing in cohort studies including longitudinal data on growth but lacking pubertal follow-up.
Published: 2021

44. Association of Body Mass Index in Youth With Adult Cardiometabolic Risk

Author: Feitong Wu, Markus Juonala, Matthew A. Sabin, Marie‐Jeanne Buscot, Katja Pahkala, Kylie J. Smith, Nina Hutri‐Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Tomi P. Laitinen, Jorma S.A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, and Costan G. Magnussen
Subjects: cardiometabolic health, cohort, duration of overweight, pediatric, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background Whether long‐term exposure to overweight or obesity from early life to adulthood has a detrimental influence on health outcomes is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether duration of overweight or obesity from youth to adulthood is associated with adult cardiometabolic risk. Methods and Results A population‐based cohort study was performed of 1268 youths, aged 3 to 18 years, with follow‐ups at 3, 6, 9, 12, 21, 27, and 31 years. Duration of overweight or obesity over 31‐year follow‐up was calculated. Adulthood outcomes included type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, high insulin levels, high carotid intima‐media thickness, hypertension, low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, high low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, arterial pulse wave velocity, carotid artery compliance, Young elastic modulus, and stiffness index. Rates of overweight/obesity were 7.9% at baseline and 55.9% after 31 years. After adjustment for confounders, longer duration of overweight or obesity was associated with increased risk of all outcomes (relative risk ranged from 1.45–9.06 for type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, carotid intima‐media thickness, hypertension, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides; β from 0.370–0.543 m/s for pulse wave velocity; –0.193 to –0.237 %/10 mm Hg for carotid artery compliance; 52.1–136.8 mm Hg·mm for Young elastic modulus; and 0.554–0.882 for stiffness index). When body mass index was further adjusted, these associations disappeared or were substantially reduced. Detrimental associations of adult body mass index with all outcomes were robust to adjustment for confounders and duration of overweight or obesity. Conclusions Overweight or obesity in adulthood rather than childhood appears to be more important for adult cardiometabolic health.
Published: 2020
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45. Variants associated with HHIP expression have sex-differential effects on lung function [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Author: Katherine A. Fawcett, Ma'en Obeidat, Carl Melbourne, Nick Shrine, Anna L. Guyatt, Catherine John, Jian'an Luan, Anne Richmond, Marta R. Moksnes, Raquel Granell, Stefan Weiss, Medea Imboden, Sebastian May-Wilson, Pirro Hysi, Thibaud S. Boutin, Laura Portas, Claudia Flexeder, Sarah E. Harris, Carol A. Wang, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Teemu Palviainen, Rachel E. Foong, Dirk Keidel, Cosetta Minelli, Claudia Langenberg, Yohan Bossé, Maarten Van den Berge, Don D. Sin, Ke Hao, Archie Campbell, David Porteous, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Blair H. Smith, David M. Evans, Sue Ring, Arnulf Langhammer, Kristian Hveem, Cristen Willer, Ralf Ewert, Beate Stubbe, Nicola Pirastu, Lucija Klaric, Peter K. Joshi, Karina Patasova, Mangino Massimo, Ozren Polasek, John M. Starr, Stefan Karrasch, Konstantin Strauch, Thomas Meitinger, Igor Rudan, Taina Rantanen, Kirsi Pietiläinen, Mika Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Graham L. Hall, Peter D. Sly, Craig E. Pennell, Jaakko Kaprio, Terho Lehtimäki, Veronique Vitart, Ian J. Deary, Debbie Jarvis, James F. Wilson, Tim Spector, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nicholas J. Wareham, Henry Völzke, John Henderson, David P. Strachan, Ben M. Brumpton, Caroline Hayward, Ian P. Hall, Martin D. Tobin, and Louise V. Wain
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Background: Lung function is highly heritable and differs between the sexes throughout life. However, little is known about sex-differential genetic effects on lung function. We aimed to conduct the first genome-wide genotype-by-sex interaction study on lung function to identify genetic effects that differ between males and females. Methods: We tested for interactions between 7,745,864 variants and sex on spirometry-based measures of lung function in UK Biobank (N=303,612), and sought replication in 75,696 independent individuals from the SpiroMeta consortium. Results: Five independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed genome-wide significant (P
Published: 2020
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46. PR interval genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 50 loci associated with atrial and atrioventricular electrical activity

Author: Jessica van Setten, Jennifer A. Brody, Yalda Jamshidi, Brenton R. Swenson, Anne M. Butler, Harry Campbell, Fabiola M. Del Greco, Daniel S. Evans, Quince Gibson, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Kathleen F. Kerr, Bouwe P. Krijthe, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Christian Müller, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Ilja M. Nolte, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Antonietta Robino, Albert V. Smith, Maristella Steri, Toshiko Tanaka, Alexander Teumer, Stella Trompet, Sheila Ulivi, Niek Verweij, Xiaoyan Yin, David O. Arnar, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Joel S. Bader, John Barnard, Josh Bis, Stefan Blankenberg, Eric Boerwinkle, Yuki Bradford, Brendan M. Buckley, Mina K. Chung, Dana Crawford, Marcel den Hoed, Josh C. Denny, Anna F. Dominiczak, Georg B. Ehret, Mark Eijgelsheim, Patrick T. Ellinor, Stephan B. Felix, Oscar H. Franco, Lude Franke, Tamara B. Harris, Hilma Holm, Gandin Ilaria, Annamaria Iorio, Mika Kähönen, Ivana Kolcic, Jan A. Kors, Edward G. Lakatta, Lenore J. Launer, Honghuang Lin, Henry J. Lin, Ruth J. F. Loos, Steven A. Lubitz, Peter W. Macfarlane, Jared W. Magnani, Irene Mateo Leach, Thomas Meitinger, Braxton D. Mitchell, Thomas Munzel, George J. Papanicolaou, Annette Peters, Arne Pfeufer, Peter P. Pramstaller, Olli T. Raitakari, Jerome I. Rotter, Igor Rudan, Nilesh J. Samani, David Schlessinger, Claudia T. Silva Aldana, Moritz F. Sinner, Jonathan D. Smith, Harold Snieder, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Timothy D. Spector, David J. Stott, Konstantin Strauch, Kirill V. Tarasov, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Andre G. Uitterlinden, David R. Van Wagoner, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, Harm Jan Westra, Philipp S. Wild, Tanja Zeller, Alvaro Alonso, Christy L. Avery, Stefania Bandinelli, Emelia J. Benjamin, Francesco Cucca, Marcus Dörr, Luigi Ferrucci, Paolo Gasparini, Vilmundur Gudnason, Caroline Hayward, Susan R. Heckbert, Andrew A. Hicks, J. Wouter Jukema, Stefan Kääb, Terho Lehtimäki, Yongmei Liu, Patricia B. Munroe, Afshin Parsa, Ozren Polasek, Bruce M. Psaty, Dan M. Roden, Renate B. Schnabel, Gianfranco Sinagra, Kari Stefansson, Bruno H. Stricker, Pim van der Harst, Cornelia M. van Duijn, James F. Wilson, Sina A. Gharib, Paul I. W. de Bakker, Aaron Isaacs, Dan E. Arking, and Nona Sotoodehnia
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abnormal PR interval duration is associated with risk for atrial fibrillation and heart block. Here, van Setten et al. identify 44 PR interval loci in a genome-wide association study of over 92,000 individuals and find genetic overlap with QRS duration, heart rate and atrial fibrillation.
Published: 2018
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47. Exome-chip meta-analysis identifies novel loci associated with cardiac conduction, including ADAMTS6

Author: Bram P. Prins, Timothy J. Mead, Jennifer A. Brody, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Ioanna Ntalla, Nathan A. Bihlmeyer, Marten van den Berg, Jette Bork-Jensen, Stefania Cappellani, Stefan Van Duijvenboden, Nikolai T. Klena, George C. Gabriel, Xiaoqin Liu, Cagri Gulec, Niels Grarup, Jeffrey Haessler, Leanne M. Hall, Annamaria Iorio, Aaron Isaacs, Ruifang Li-Gao, Honghuang Lin, Ching-Ti Liu, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Jonathan Marten, Hao Mei, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Michele Orini, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Farid Radmanesh, Julia Ramirez, Antonietta Robino, Molly Schwartz, Jessica van Setten, Albert V. Smith, Niek Verweij, Helen R. Warren, Stefan Weiss, Alvaro Alonso, David O. Arnar, Michiel L. Bots, Rudolf A. de Boer, Anna F. Dominiczak, Mark Eijgelsheim, Patrick T. Ellinor, Xiuqing Guo, Stephan B. Felix, Tamara B. Harris, Caroline Hayward, Susan R. Heckbert, Paul L. Huang, J. W. Jukema, Mika Kähönen, Jan A. Kors, Pier D. Lambiase, Lenore J. Launer, Man Li, Allan Linneberg, Christopher P. Nelson, Oluf Pedersen, Marco Perez, Annette Peters, Ozren Polasek, Bruce M. Psaty, Olli T. Raitakari, Kenneth M. Rice, Jerome I. Rotter, Moritz F. Sinner, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Tim D. Spector, Konstantin Strauch, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Andrew Tinker, Stella Trompet, André Uitterlinden, Ilonca Vaartjes, Peter van der Meer, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, James G. Wilson, Zhijun Xie, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Marcus Dörr, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Paolo Gasparini, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Vilmundur Gudnason, Torben Hansen, Stefan Kääb, Jørgen K. Kanters, Charles Kooperberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Henry J. Lin, Steven A. Lubitz, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Francesco J. Conti, Christopher H. Newton-Cheh, Jonathan Rosand, Igor Rudan, Nilesh J. Samani, Gianfranco Sinagra, Blair H. Smith, Hilma Holm, Bruno H. Stricker, Sheila Ulivi, Nona Sotoodehnia, Suneel S. Apte, Pim van der Harst, Kari Stefansson, Patricia B. Munroe, Dan E. Arking, Cecilia W. Lo, and Yalda Jamshidi
Subjects: Exome chip, Conduction, ADAMTS6, Meta-analysis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Abstract Background Genome-wide association studies conducted on QRS duration, an electrocardiographic measurement associated with heart failure and sudden cardiac death, have led to novel biological insights into cardiac function. However, the variants identified fall predominantly in non-coding regions and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Results Here, we identify putative functional coding variation associated with changes in the QRS interval duration by combining Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotype data from 77,898 participants of European ancestry and 7695 of African descent in our discovery cohort, followed by replication in 111,874 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and deCODE cohorts. We identify ten novel loci, seven within coding regions, including ADAMTS6, significantly associated with QRS duration in gene-based analyses. ADAMTS6 encodes a secreted metalloprotease of currently unknown function. In vitro validation analysis shows that the QRS-associated variants lead to impaired ADAMTS6 secretion and loss-of function analysis in mice demonstrates a previously unappreciated role for ADAMTS6 in connexin 43 gap junction expression, which is essential for myocardial conduction. Conclusions Our approach identifies novel coding and non-coding variants underlying ventricular depolarization and provides a possible mechanism for the ADAMTS6-associated conduction changes.
Published: 2018
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48. Study of 300,486 individuals identifies 148 independent genetic loci influencing general cognitive function

Author: Gail Davies, Max Lam, Sarah E. Harris, Joey W. Trampush, Michelle Luciano, W. David Hill, Saskia P. Hagenaars, Stuart J. Ritchie, Riccardo E. Marioni, Chloe Fawns-Ritchie, David C. M. Liewald, Judith A. Okely, Ari V. Ahola-Olli, Catriona L. K. Barnes, Lars Bertram, Joshua C. Bis, Katherine E. Burdick, Andrea Christoforou, Pamela DeRosse, Srdjan Djurovic, Thomas Espeseth, Stella Giakoumaki, Sudheer Giddaluru, Daniel E. Gustavson, Caroline Hayward, Edith Hofer, M. Arfan Ikram, Robert Karlsson, Emma Knowles, Jari Lahti, Markus Leber, Shuo Li, Karen A. Mather, Ingrid Melle, Derek Morris, Christopher Oldmeadow, Teemu Palviainen, Antony Payton, Raha Pazoki, Katja Petrovic, Chandra A. Reynolds, Muralidharan Sargurupremraj, Markus Scholz, Jennifer A. Smith, Albert V. Smith, Natalie Terzikhan, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Stella Trompet, Sven J. van der Lee, Erin B. Ware, B. Gwen Windham, Margaret J. Wright, Jingyun Yang, Jin Yu, David Ames, Najaf Amin, Philippe Amouyel, Ole A. Andreassen, Nicola J. Armstrong, Amelia A. Assareh, John R. Attia, Deborah Attix, Dimitrios Avramopoulos, David A. Bennett, Anne C. Böhmer, Patricia A. Boyle, Henry Brodaty, Harry Campbell, Tyrone D. Cannon, Elizabeth T. Cirulli, Eliza Congdon, Emily Drabant Conley, Janie Corley, Simon R. Cox, Anders M. Dale, Abbas Dehghan, Danielle Dick, Dwight Dickinson, Johan G. Eriksson, Evangelos Evangelou, Jessica D. Faul, Ian Ford, Nelson A. Freimer, He Gao, Ina Giegling, Nathan A. Gillespie, Scott D. Gordon, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Michael E. Griswold, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamara B. Harris, Annette M. Hartmann, Alex Hatzimanolis, Gerardo Heiss, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Peter K. Joshi, Mika Kähönen, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Ida Karlsson, Luca Kleineidam, David S. Knopman, Nicole A. Kochan, Bettina Konte, John B. Kwok, Stephanie Le Hellard, Teresa Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Shu-Chen Li, Christina M. Lill, Tian Liu, Marisa Koini, Edythe London, Will T. Longstreth, Oscar L. Lopez, Anu Loukola, Tobias Luck, Astri J. Lundervold, Anders Lundquist, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, Alison D. Murray, Anna C. Need, Raymond Noordam, Lars Nyberg, William Ollier, Goran Papenberg, Alison Pattie, Ozren Polasek, Russell A. Poldrack, Bruce M. Psaty, Simone Reppermund, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Richard J. Rose, Jerome I. Rotter, Panos Roussos, Suvi P. Rovio, Yasaman Saba, Fred W. Sabb, Perminder S. Sachdev, Claudia L. Satizabal, Matthias Schmid, Rodney J. Scott, Matthew A. Scult, Jeannette Simino, P. Eline Slagboom, Nikolaos Smyrnis, Aïcha Soumaré, Nikos C. Stefanis, David J. Stott, Richard E. Straub, Kjetil Sundet, Adele M. Taylor, Kent D. Taylor, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Christophe Tzourio, André Uitterlinden, Veronique Vitart, Aristotle N. Voineskos, Jaakko Kaprio, Michael Wagner, Holger Wagner, Leonie Weinhold, K. Hoyan Wen, Elisabeth Widen, Qiong Yang, Wei Zhao, Hieab H. H. Adams, Dan E. Arking, Robert M. Bilder, Panos Bitsios, Eric Boerwinkle, Ornit Chiba-Falek, Aiden Corvin, Philip L. De Jager, Stéphanie Debette, Gary Donohoe, Paul Elliott, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Michael Gill, David C. Glahn, Sara Hägg, Narelle K. Hansell, Ahmad R. Hariri, M. Kamran Ikram, J. Wouter Jukema, Eero Vuoksimaa, Matthew C. Keller, William S. Kremen, Lenore Launer, Ulman Lindenberger, Aarno Palotie, Nancy L. Pedersen, Neil Pendleton, David J. Porteous, Katri Räikkönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Alfredo Ramirez, Ivar Reinvang, Igor Rudan, Dan Rujescu, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Peter W. Schofield, Peter R. Schofield, John M. Starr, Vidar M. Steen, Julian N. Trollor, Steven T. Turner, Cornelia M. Van Duijn, Arno Villringer, Daniel R. Weinberger, David R. Weir, James F. Wilson, Anil Malhotra, Andrew M. McIntosh, Catharine R. Gale, Sudha Seshadri, Thomas H. Mosley, Jan Bressler, Todd Lencz, and Ian J. Deary
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Cognitive function is associated with health and important life outcomes. Here, the authors perform a genome-wide association study for general cognitive function in 300,486 individuals and identify genetic loci that implicate neural and cell developmental pathways in this trait.
Published: 2018
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49. Habitual coffee consumption and cognitive function: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in up to 415,530 participants

Author: Ang Zhou, Amy E. Taylor, Ville Karhunen, Yiqiang Zhan, Suvi P. Rovio, Jari Lahti, Per Sjögren, Liisa Byberg, Donald M. Lyall, Juha Auvinen, Terho Lehtimäki, Mika Kähönen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Mia Maria Perälä, Karl Michaëlsson, Anubha Mahajan, Lars Lind, Chris Power, Johan G. Eriksson, Olli T. Raitakari, Sara Hägg, Nancy L. Pedersen, Juha Veijola, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Marcus R. Munafò, Erik Ingelsson, David J. Llewellyn, and Elina Hyppönen
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Coffee’s long-term effect on cognitive function remains unclear with studies suggesting both benefits and adverse effects. We used Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal relationship between habitual coffee consumption and cognitive function in mid- to later life. This included up to 415,530 participants and 300,760 coffee drinkers from 10 meta-analysed European ancestry cohorts. In each cohort, composite cognitive scores that capture global cognition and memory were computed using available tests. A genetic score derived using CYP1A1/2 (rs2472297) and AHR (rs6968865) was chosen as a proxy for habitual coffee consumption. Null associations were observed when examining the associations of the genetic score with global and memory cognition (β = −0.0007, 95% C.I. −0.009 to 0.008, P = 0.87; β = −0.001, 95% C.I. −0.005 to 0.002, P = 0.51, respectively), with high consistency between studies (Pheterogeneity > 0.4 for both). Domain specific analyses using available cognitive measures in the UK Biobank also did not support effects by habitual coffee intake for reaction time, pairs matching, reasoning or prospective memory (P ≥ 0.05 for all). Despite the power to detect very small effects, our meta-analysis provided no evidence for causal long-term effects of habitual coffee consumption on global cognition or memory.
Published: 2018
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50. Genome-wide association study in 79,366 European-ancestry individuals informs the genetic architecture of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels

Author: Xia Jiang, Paul F. O’Reilly, Hugues Aschard, Yi-Hsiang Hsu, J. Brent Richards, Josée Dupuis, Erik Ingelsson, David Karasik, Stefan Pilz, Diane Berry, Bryan Kestenbaum, Jusheng Zheng, Jianan Luan, Eleni Sofianopoulou, Elizabeth A. Streeten, Demetrius Albanes, Pamela L. Lutsey, Lu Yao, Weihong Tang, Michael J. Econs, Henri Wallaschofski, Henry Völzke, Ang Zhou, Chris Power, Mark I. McCarthy, Erin D. Michos, Eric Boerwinkle, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Neal D. Freedman, Wen-Yi Huang, Natasja M. Van Schoor, Nathalie van der Velde, Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot, Anke Enneman, L. Adrienne Cupples, Sarah L. Booth, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ching-Ti Liu, Yanhua Zhou, Samuli Ripatti, Claes Ohlsson, Liesbeth Vandenput, Mattias Lorentzon, Johan G. Eriksson, M. Kyla Shea, Denise K. Houston, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Yongmei Liu, Kurt K. Lohman, Luigi Ferrucci, Munro Peacock, Christian Gieger, Marian Beekman, Eline Slagboom, Joris Deelen, Diana van Heemst, Marcus E. Kleber, Winfried März, Ian H. de Boer, Alexis C. Wood, Jerome I. Rotter, Stephen S. Rich, Cassianne Robinson-Cohen, Martin den Heijer, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Alana Cavadino, Peter K. Joshi, James F. Wilson, Caroline Hayward, Lars Lind, Karl Michaëlsson, Stella Trompet, M. Carola Zillikens, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Fernando Rivadeneira, Linda Broer, Lina Zgaga, Harry Campbell, Evropi Theodoratou, Susan M. Farrington, Maria Timofeeva, Malcolm G. Dunlop, Ana M. Valdes, Emmi Tikkanen, Terho Lehtimäki, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Mika Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Vera Mikkilä, M. Arfan Ikram, Naveed Sattar, J. Wouter Jukema, Nicholas J. Wareham, Claudia Langenberg, Nita G. Forouhi, Thomas E. Gundersen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Adam S. Butterworth, John Danesh, Timothy Spector, Thomas J. Wang, Elina Hyppönen, Peter Kraft, and Douglas P. Kiel
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with multiple human pathologic conditions. In a genome-wide association study of 79,366 individuals, Jiang et al. replicate four and identify two new genetic loci for serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and find evidence for a shared genetic basis with autoimmune diseases.
Published: 2018
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