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This study examines the relationship between macroeconomic factors and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in developing countries. The data from the World Bank covers 21 years, from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed using the panel regression approach with E-Views. Panel regression analysis, including model selections and diagnostics, is used for inferential analysis. The main contribution of this study is the influence of political factors on FDI inflows. Political stability and corruption control are technically the most important conditions for FDI inflows in developing countries and were introduced in this study. This study found a positive relationship between GDP growth rate, imports, inflation, and corruption index with FDI inflow, confirmed by previous studies. The study also implies that the exchange rate, exports, and political stability have a negative relationship with the level of FDI in developing countries. In addition, the study found that GDP growth rate, imports, and exports significantly impact FDI inflows in developing countries, while the other variables are not significant. In other words, this result shows that macroeconomic and political factors such as import, export, exchange rate, corruption control, and political stability impact FDI inflows. Moreover, this paper provides policy recommendations to support developing countries' economies by attracting FDI and increasing its inflow.

Wakaf produktif merupakan skema pengelolaan donasi wakaf dari ummat, yakni dengan memproduktifkan donasi sehingga menghasilkan surplus yang berkelanjutan. Pada dasarnya wakaf itu bersifat produktif yang telah menghasilkan dimana hasilnya dimanfaatkan sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Namun dalam praktiknya wakaf produktif belum sepenuhnya berjalan secara tertib sehingga banyak wakaf yang tidak terpelihara, sebagaimana mestinya, terlantar atau teralihkan ke tangan pihak ketiga dengan cara melawan hukum. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan edukasi melalui penyuluhan hukum. adapun sasaran pada kegiatan tersebut adalah masyarakat Desa Botutonuo khususnya para nazhir. Dari hasil kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman dan pengetahuan masyarakat mengalami peningkatan yang semula mencapai 20,5% menjadi 50,4%, hal tersebut terlihat dari antusias masyarakat yang banyak mengajukan pertanyaan. Tim pengabdian berharap melalui kegiatan tersebut bisa memotivasi masyarakat dalam mengembangkan potensi ekonomi yang dimilikinya menuju masyarakat sejaterah.

Banyaknya biro perjalanan yang menawarkan jasa penyelenggaraan ibadah umrah yang bermunculan dengan berbagai paket layanan bukan merupakan suatu masalah. Namun beberapa Travel Ilegal diduga telah melakukan tindak pidana penggelapan, penipuan, dan pencucian uang dengan modus umroh. Untuk itu Travel Ilegal ini harus mempertanggung jawabkan perbuatannya baik secara perdata, pidana, maupun administratif. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pertanggungjawaban pihak travel illegal kepada konsumen. Bentuk petanggungjawaban travel illegal kepada konsumen bisa di upayakan melalui jalur hukum untuk menuntut ganti rugi menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, pada BAB X tentang penyelesaian sengketa diatur secara tegas pada ketentuan pasal 45 ayat (1).

One of the modern Islamic reformers in Indonesia is Nurcholish Madjid. The focus of this research is to find out the style of thought of Nurcholis Madjid regarding religious pluralism. The aims of this study are to (1) describe the style of Nurcholis Madjid’s thought related to religious pluralism, (2) open new insights regarding modern Islamic views, and (3) describe the contributions and controversies of Nurcholis Madjid’s thoughts regarding religious pluralism. This study uses a descriptive-comparative research approach. The results of this study indicate that there are three thoughts of Nurcholis Madjid about religious pluralism. First, according to him, religious pluralism is an understanding that recognizes the existence of other religions and is mature in dealing with diversity. Second, Nurcholish Madjid's idea of religious pluralism is a religious principle that recognizes freedom of religion, living with risks that will be borne by each believer. Third, according to Nurcholish Madjid, religious pluralism in Islam is not based on the doctrine of assuming that all religions are true, but Islam only gives recognition to the extent of each individual's right to exist in harmony with the freedom to practice their respective religions to realize a tolerant life in Indonesia.

The digital penetration caused by the current of digitization gives birth to new capacities to acquire, store, manipulate and transmit data in real time, extensive and complex. Providing protection for the right to privacy means providing protection for the right to freedom of speech. That is, the right to privacy guarantees protection from the threat of fear to do or not to do something which is a human right. The problems that are wanted in this journal, are as follows: 1).What is the meaning of personal data protection in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions?, 2).Are the provisions contained in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions adequate in providing protection for people's personal data?This study uses a normative legal method through a statutory approach and this journal analysis uses a qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that the current protection of personal data in Indonesia is still not sufficient to protect the Indonesian people as a whole. The current concept still has many weaknesses in several parts, such as the lack of accommodation for "consent" and the government's classification of forms of cyber crime which still seem abstract., {"references":["Saragih, L. K., Budhijanto, D., & Somawijaya, S. (2020). Perlindungan hukum data pribadi terhadap penyalahgunaan data pribadi pada platform media sosial berdasarkan undang-undang republik indonesia nomor 19 tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang informasi dan transaksi elek. De rechtsstaat, 6(2), 125-142","Hadita, C., Glugur Darat, I. I., Timur, M., & Medan, K. (2018). Registrasi Data Pribadi melalui Kartu Prabayar dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal HAM Vol, 9(2), 191-204.","Kesuma, A. N. D. H., Budiartha, I. N. P., & Wesna, P. A. S. (2021). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Keamanan Data Pribadi Konsumen Teknologi Finansial Dalam Transaksi Elektronik. Jurnal Preferensi Hukum, 2(2), 411-416","Priliasari, E. (2019). Pentingnya Perlindungan Data Pribadi Dalam Transaksi Pinjaman Online. Majalah Hukum Nasional, 49(2), 1-27.","Bietti, E. (2020). The Discourse Of Control And Consent Over Data In Eu Data Protection Law And Beyond","Acquisti, A. (2004, May). Privacy in electronic commerce and the economics of immediate gratification. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM conference on Electronic commerce (pp. 21-29)."]}

The digital penetration caused by the current of digitization gives birth to new capacities to acquire, store, manipulate and transmit data in real time, extensive and complex. Providing protection for the right to privacy means providing protection for the right to freedom of speech. That is, the right to privacy guarantees protection from the threat of fear to do or not to do something which is a human right. The problems that are wanted in this journal, are as follows: 1).What is the meaning of personal data protection in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions?, 2).Are the provisions contained in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions adequate in providing protection for people's personal data?This study uses a normative legal method through a statutory approach and this journal analysis uses a qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that the current protection of personal data in Indonesia is still not sufficient to protect the Indonesian people as a whole. The current concept still has many weaknesses in several parts, such as the lack of accommodation for "consent" and the government's classification of forms of cyber crime which still seem abstract.., {"references":["Saragih, L. K., Budhijanto, D., & Somawijaya, S. (2020). Perlindungan hukum data pribadi terhadap penyalahgunaan data pribadi pada platform media sosial berdasarkan undang-undang republik indonesia nomor 19 tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang informasi dan transaksi elek. De rechtsstaat, 6(2), 125-142.","Hadita, C., Glugur Darat, I. I., Timur, M., & Medan, K. (2018). Registrasi Data Pribadi melalui Kartu Prabayar dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal HAM Vol, 9(2), 191-204.","Kesuma, A. N. D. H., Budiartha, I. N. P., & Wesna, P. A. S. (2021). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Keamanan Data Pribadi Konsumen Teknologi Finansial Dalam Transaksi Elektronik. Jurnal Preferensi Hukum, 2(2), 411-416","Priliasari, E. (2019). Pentingnya Perlindungan Data Pribadi Dalam Transaksi Pinjaman Online. Majalah Hukum Nasional, 49(2), 1-27.","Bietti, E. (2020). The Discourse Of Control And Consent Over Data In Eu Data Protection Law And Beyond","Acquisti, A. (2004, May). Privacy in electronic commerce and the economics of immediate gratification. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM conference on Electronic commerce (pp. 21-29)."]}

Background. Potential antibacterial substances, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), are being extensively studied throughout the research world. A modified hydrothermal nanotitania extraction was shown to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth in the laboratory. However, the toxicity effect of the extract on rats is unknown. In this study, we observed the effects of a modified hydrothermal nanotitania extraction on the skin and behavior of Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. Sprague-Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) rats were used as the experimental animals. The skin around the dorsum of the tested animals was shaved and pasted with 0.1 mg and 0.5 mg of the nanotitania extraction. The color and condition of the pasted area and the behavior of the animals were observed. Results. 0.1 mg nanotitania extraction application on the dorsum of the rat produced no skin color changes at day 1, day 3, day 5, or day 7 postapplication. There were no changes in their behavior up to day 7 with no skin rashes or skin scratches seen or fur changes. However, 0.5 mg of nanotitania extraction resulted in redness and less fur regrowth at day 7. Conclusions. A 0.1 mg modified nanotitania extraction was observed to have no effect on the skin of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran dari KUA Kecamatan Bongomeme dalam mengatasi perkawinan dibawah umur diwilayah hukumnya, untuk mengatahui faktor apa saja yang menghambat peran dari KUA Kecamatan Bongomeme dalam mengatasi perkawinan dibawah umur di Kecamatan Bongomeme. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum empiris yang menggunakan fakta di lapangan sebagai data utama dalam menyusun penelitian. Jenis data yang dipakai adalah data primer yang terdiri dari hasil wawancara dengan para responden, observasi dan dokumentasi; dan data sekunder yang terdiri dari buku, artikel ilmiah, dan sumber lain yang dianggap relevan untuk digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertama, peran lembaga KUA Bongomeme untuk mengatasi masalah perkawinan di Kecamatan Bongomeme dilakukan dengan cara memverifikasi berkas administrasi oleh calon pasangan yang mengajukan, menjalin kemintaraan (kerjasama) dengan lembaga lain, dan melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat. Kedua, hambatan yang dialami oleh pihak KUA Bongomeme dalam mengatasi perkawinan dibawah umur yang terjadi di Kecamatan Bongomeme adalah hambatan secara internal dan hambatan secara eksterna.

Problems in the household are always related to children. Children are the most significant mandate from Allah SWT. They must be cared for and protected even if they get into legal problems. Marriage registration is a form of legal certainty for children’s rights. Often children do not get the fulfillment of their rights due to the actions of their parents. The rise of unregistered marriages is one of the reasons why the legal certainty of children’s rights is questioned. The legal consequences of unregistered marriages create new problems for children, incredibly fulfilling their rights. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the registration of this marriage for the future of the family, especially the children. Of course, optimizing marriage registration is inseparable from the participation of related parties. It requires synergy between the government, the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA), the Population and Civil Registration Service (DISDUKCAPIL), and the community. Marriage registration is essential, especially from the legal aspect, both in positive and Islamic law. Because basically, Islamic law does not oblige every marriage contract, but marriage registration is essential from the point of view of its benefits. This research belongs to empirical juridical research, using primary, secondary, and tertiary data collection techniques. This study uses a case approach and data analysis techniques used descriptively. The results of the discussion in this study found that marriage registration is beneficial for couples in terms of Islamic law and positive law; not just administration but providing legal certainty to wives, especially children born in terms of child status, education, and inheritance rights. Gorontalo Province marriage registration by the KUA and Disdukcapil has been running optimally even though the data found in unregistered marriages are pretty high, and this is because people do not understand the importance of marriage registration. Keywords: optimization, marriage registration, legal certainty, Maqasid Shariah

This research aims to analyse the factors of divorce in members of a police force, the impacts, and alternatives offered by the court judge to overcome divorce problems from a positive law perspective, the juridical-sociological method. The study took place in the coverage area of Court in Gorontalo, Suwawa, and Limboto. Further, the present work applied a case approach and statute approach. The data from primary and secondary sources were collected from the literature study and field research. The results showed that the factors of divorce comprise: prolonged quarrelling, cheating, economic problems, and domestic violence. The divorce cases lead to several problems that impact the married couple, their children, and their shared wealth. Referring to the Islamic Law perspective, the court Judge provides several alternatives to optimise mediation as dispute settlement before divorce as a last resort. Moreover, the Judge provides post-divorce alternatives to ensure that the ex-husband gives the iddah and mut'ah allowances to his ex-wife and that the ex-husband still supports the children's development.Â

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Menganalisis Implementasi Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 6 tahun 2014; Mengetahui hambatan dalam mewujudkan transparansi pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Bone Bolango; Menciptakan Model Pengawasan yang ideal dalam mewujudkan transparansi Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa di Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian hukum empiris. Penelitian hukum empris atau dengan istilah lain biasa disebut penelitian hukum sosiologis atau disebut pula penelitian lapangan. Pendekatan yang dugunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan Undang-undang (statute Approach); Pendekatan kasus (Case Approach); dan Pendekatan Konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan: Pertama, bahwa Implementasi pengelolaan keuangan desa yang sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh UU Tentang Desa dan Permendagri 20 Tahun 2018 tentang pengelolaan keuangan desa. Dalam tahap perencanaan, sebagian dari Desa yang diteliti secara prosedur sudah sesuai dengan peraturan, namun secara target waktu tidak sesuai dengan peraturan. Dalam tahap pelaksanaan pada desa yang diteliti, secara prosedur sebagian sudah sesuai peraturan meskipun tuntutan terhadap pemerintah desa untuk mewujudkan transparansi belum maksimal. Dalam tahap penatausahaan dan Tahap pelaporan pada desa yang diteliti dapat dikatakan sudah sesuai aturan walaupun subtansi terhadap penatausahan belum sempurna kemudian dapat sebagian desa dikatakan sudah tepat waktu dan sesuai dengan peraturan. Kedua, Hambatan dalam mewujudkan transparansi dalam pengelolaan keuangan desa di lokasi desa yang diteliti dapat disimpulkan adalah keterbatasan pemahaman perangkat Desa terhadap Regulasi, faktor ketersediaan Sumberdaya manusia (SDM) , Partisipasi Masyarakat dan serta faktor pengawasan. Ketiga, bahwa Untuk mewujudakan Model Pengawasan yang ideal terhadap pengelolaan keuangan desa, peneliti merekomendasikan Model Pengawasan berbasis masyarakat (Community Based Monitoring) dimana lebih memperkuat keterlibatan masyarakat desa didalam pelaksanaan pembangunan desa, tidak hanya dari aspek perencanaan dan pelaksanaan, tetapi juga adalah keterlibatan dalam pengawasan.Kata Kunci: Transparansi; Keuangan Desa; Pengawasan berbasis masyarakaABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to Analyze the Implementation of Village Financial Management according to Law Number 6 of 2014; Knowing the obstacles in realizing transparency in village financial management in Bone Bolango Regency; Creating an ideal Oversight Model in realizing transparency in Village Financial Management in Bone Bolango Regency. This research uses empirical legal research. Empirical legal research or in other terms commonly called sociological legal research or also called field research. The approach used in this study is the statute approach; Case Approach; and Conceptual Approach. The results of this study indicate: First, that the implementation of village financial management as mandated by the Law on Villages and Permendagri 20 of 2018 concerning village financial management. In the planning stage, some of the villages studied were in accordance with the procedures in accordance with the regulations, but the target time was not in accordance with the regulations. In the implementation phase of the village under study, the procedure was partly in accordance with the regulations even though the demands on the village government to realize transparency were not optimal. In the administration stage and the reporting stage in the villages studied it can be said to be in accordance with the rules even though the substance of the administration is not yet perfect then some villages can be said to be on time and in accordance with the regulations. Second, the obstacles in realizing transparency in the management of village finances at the location of the village under study can be concluded is the limited understanding of the Village apparatus on Regulation, the availability of human resources (HR), Community Participation and as well as supervision factors. Third, that in order to create an ideal Oversight Model for village financial management, researchers recommend a Community Based Monitoring Model which further strengthens the involvement of rural communities in the implementation of village development, not only from the planning and implementation aspects, but also is an involvement in supervision .Keywords: Transparency; Village Finance; Community-based supervision.

The study aimed to describe job rotation influence on scientific journal management policy after the implementation of national electronic journal accreditation. Job rotation in Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad) was regulated in order to conduct career mapping within the process of permanent employee recruitment. Journal management unit of Faculty of Medicine Unpad managing scientific journal including International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences (IJIHS) was affected by job rotation policy. The method used in this study was qualitative method. The data collected were administrative archives such as assignment letters of the editorial board, documents, and file in IJIHS. The results showed that job rotation can become a problem for journal management. Lack of human resource causes problems in scientific publication, particularly magazine distribution. Job rotation can cause problems for journal management. Keywords: Job Rotation, journal editorial, national journal accreditation, Tulisan ini disusun untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh rotasi pegawai terhadap kebijakan pengelolaan jurnal ilmiah setelah diterapkannya pengajuan akreditasi berkala ilmiah elektronik. Rotasi yang dilakukan di lingkungan Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad) adalah dalam rangka pemetaan pegawai pada rekrutmen pegawai tetap. Unit kerja jurnal ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Unpad yang mengelola jurnal ilmiah termasuk International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences (IJIHS) adalah unit kerja yang terdampak diberlakukannya kebijakan rotasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah kelengkapan administratif seperti surat penugasan pengelola jurnal, dokumen, dan file tim redaksi IJIHS. Hasil menunjukkan kebijakan rotasi menjadi hambatan bagi pengelolaan jurnal. Berkurangnya sumber daya manusia pada unit kerja menghambat serangkaian proses publikasi ilmiah, terutama distribusi majalah. Kebijakan rotasi menjadi hambatan bagi unit pengelola jurnal setelah adanya kekosongan jabatan. Kata kunci: Rotasi Pegawai, Pengelola Jurnal, Akreditasi Jurnal

Zakat merupakan kewajiban yang harus dilaksanakan oleh setiap umat muslim. Zakat bukan hanya sekedar menyantuni fakir miskin saja, akan tetapi dapat mengurangi jumlah kemiskinan di Indonesia. Namun masih banyak persoalan zakat yang perlu diselesaikan salah satunya kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang zakat yang berakibat pada ketidakefektifan manajemen pengelolaan zakat. Pelaksanaan pengelolaan zakat dianggap belum optimal, dikarenakan sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang belum profesional dalam mengelolah zakat. Sasaran dari pengabdian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Taluduyunu Kecamatan Buntulia Kabupaten Pohuwato. Adapun tujuan pelaksanaan pengabdian ini yakni memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang zakat. Metode yang digunakan yaitu penyuluhan hukum dan tanya jawab serta membentuk kelompok binaan pengelolah zakat.

Siri marriage is an interesting issue to be discussed in various perspectives. The legal consequences of unmarried marriage need clarity, especially in terms of inheritance rights. The law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage has required that marriages be recorded, as a form of legality recognized by the State. But on the other hand, the Marriage Law has provided absolute freedom to get married in accordance with the provisions of their respective religions. In various legal products, through law enforcement in the judiciary, it creates many perspectives, resulting in multiple interpretations in the position of the right of inheritance in siri marriage. This research, more specifically, examines law enforcement against siri marriage by examining judicial verdicts. The research approach focuses more on normative law by focusing on the study of legal norms, in producing new arguments, theories or concepts. The research data were collected through a library review and legal opinion. The findings of this study indicate that law enforcement of the inheritance rights of siri marriage gets a portion of the inheritance by substantially considering the aspects of justice. Judicial decisions consider aspects of legal benefit to the rights arising from unmarried marriage. The implication of this finding is that the marriage law is urgent to be amended, the occurrence of multiple interpretations of legal marriage becomes a gap in the implementation of unregistered marriage. Keywords: Law Enforcement, Siri Marriage, Judge’s Verdicts.