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This article focuses on the professional writing of women in the transformation phase around 1800. Referring specifically to the woman of letters Helmina von Chézy (1783-1856) and her family, which participated in the literary market over four generations, it asks how authors could use paper(s) as assets or resources. It is shown that writersʼ papers were collected and kept as material evidence of life, that they could be an indicator of financial status and provide insight into financial practices, and that they were used particularly to position oneself (as a writer) and to relate to others. Within changing personal and historical contexts, the writing work of family members was based ultimately, in varying forms and shapes, on the logics of their social relations, lived as well as negotiated and recorded on paper. Thus, the papers used and inscribed in the family can be conceptualized as a multi-perspective kaleidoscope, offering new views on central aspects and mechanisms of writerly economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Descriptive bibliometric analysis seeks to present the characteristics of published scientific papers that examine the phenomena of "women", "entrepreneurship" and "education". Using standard bibliographic and bibliometrics indicators, the specifics of publications from the point of publishing dynamics, belonging to different scientific areas, characteristics of a publication source, individual or joint authorship, geographical distribution, published content and citation metrics are presented. The research results rely on analytical tools provided by Scopus and BibExcel, while a Wordcloud text generator was used to create some of the graphical presentations. A total of 330 papers dated in the period from 1976 to 2020, were published in a total of 198 journals indexed in the SCOPUS database. Created as a result of individual research work or in collaboration with 811 different authors, the content of these works falls into one of 22 categories of research areas. The observed papers were cited by 4976 other documents indexed in the Scopus database. This study should be considered as a systematization of articles published in eminent scientific journals and should motivate other authors to conduct further researches in the field of bibliometrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, countries have increasingly recognized the benefits of female entrepreneurship and therefore strengthening women's entrepreneurship becomes part of their long-term strategies. However, despite all efforts, the gap between male and female entrepreneurship still exists. This paper delves into an investigation of the barriers encountered by women entrepreneurs in the European Union (EU) countries. Through a thorough examination of existing literature and empirical analysis, the paper aims to provide an understanding of the obstacles that women entrepreneurs face within the EU context and the policies that have been adopted in response to those barriers. In the empirical analysis this paper investigates the relationship between gender equality and female entrepreneurship. Examining data from 2019 to 2022, we use the Gender Equality Index as a measure for gender equality and the percentage of self-employed women aged 15-64 as an indicator for female entrepreneurship. Contrary to expectations, our empirical analysis reveals not very strong but negative correlation between the Gender Equality Index and female entrepreneurs in EU countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology-facilitated abuse (TFA), a consequence of structured gendered disadvantage, poses increasing harm to women survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and their children. This paper presents a small explorative transdisciplinary (social work and geography) study which aims to assess the knowledge of women professionals from four European countries (Estonia, Finland, Greece, and Northern Ireland) working in the area of IPV about TFA in general and in particular safety planning. The focus on safety planning is what distinguishes this research. The research findings indicate that the risk assessment of TFA is not always included in safety planning. Barriers, such as lack of professional knowledge, are reported. The paper ends with feminist insights about the risks of engaging in a reductionist approach when the focus becomes just the lack of knowledge per se, without accounting for the wider structural inequalities that exist within the context of patriarchal surveillance capitalism and which are primarily responsible for TFA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The marginalisation of female entrepreneurs in accessing credit is well documented. Yet, how female entrepreneurs navigate through the marginalisation to gain funding is under-explored. Design/methodology/approach: The authors address this gap using qualitative data from 30 female entrepreneurs in three neighbourhoods with varying socio-economic characteristics in Ghana's capital, Accra. Findings: The authors find a marked aversion to bank loans among respondents. Consequently, they nurtured trust in their social circles in order to facilitate access to informal credit from internal (e.g. family and friends) and external (e.g. trade credit, associations and religious organisations) sources. This aversion to loans from formal financial institutions (FFIs) had a socio-cultural aspect, including cumbersome application procedures, a deep-rooted fear of the social consequences of defaulting and religious prohibition against interest payment for Islamic traders. Social implications: This paper shows that providing formal access to credit is not enough to support women's entrepreneurship if the socio-cultural factors inhibiting women's access to credit from FFIs are not addressed. Originality/value: The findings suggest that trust is an important factor that bridges the gap in female entrepreneurs' access to funding given their heavy reliance on informal sources of funding. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2023-0090 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to explore gender variations in entrepreneurship and internationalisation from the perspective of the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm; in particular, the paper explores how differences in the personal idiosyncrasies of both males and females in part account for the variations in export internationalisation. Design/methodology/approach: The study draws on extant literature on the critical success factors in entrepreneurship and internationalisation research (e.g. foreign market knowledge, firm-level technology and firm age) as the conceptual framework to explore the issue. The study is based on 21 male and 17 female export entrepreneurs from Ghana and uses a descriptive research design (i.e. frequencies and chi-square test) to analyse the results. Findings: The results show that the perceptions of male and female exporters differ on key internationalisation success factors based on extant literature. Implicitly, whilst both groups shared a similar degree of basic knowledge on a few export success factors, across most of the other key export success factors, the male counterparts demonstrated a more expanded view compared to the females. The results support the assumption of the RBV theory applied in this study to argue that to account properly for the internationalisation outcomes of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the personality characteristics of the owner entrepreneurs are critical resources which cannot be ignored. Research limitations/implications: In terms of limitation, the study is exploratory study based on non-probability sampling methods using descriptive frequencies tables and analysis of chi-square test and so readers must bear this limitation in mind in interpreting the results to improve on future studies. Originality/value: The paper contributes to the empirical literature by offering a unique perspective regarding how women and men perceive and interpret export success factors and how that impacts on the internationalisation outcomes of women and men. The paper responds to calls by researchers (e.g. Terjesen et al., 2011; Ratten and Tajeddini, 2018; Kuschel and Labra, 2018; Javadian and Richards, 2020) to populate studies on the topic to deepen the present understanding. By using data from Ghana, West Africa, the study sheds a fresh insight on the topic from an under-studied and under-researched geographical context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academica Turistica is the property of University of Primorska, Faculty of Tourism Studies - Turistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper examined how family moral support influenced the performance of women entrepreneurs involved in craft tourism in Southern Africa. Relativist ontology and subjectivist epistemology were adopted to understand the rural women entrepreneurs' experiences and perspectives. The stakeholder theory was applied to disaggregate the family system and identify how each member impacts women entrepreneurs' performance. The family's structure and composition helped to explain women entrepreneurs' resilience. Thematic content analysis was used to present rural women entrepreneurs' narratives. Evidence from the study indicated that spouses and children's moral support boosted women entrepreneurs' confidence and ability to collaborate with other entrepreneurs. The research analysed the social context (family) and explained the role played by the family in sustaining rural women-owned craft tourism ventures. Apart from localising the tourism perspectives from rural women entrepreneurs' perspective, the ensuing discussion puts into perspective the emotional support mechanisms that enable women entrepreneurs to balance family-venture commitments. This paper contributes to the literature by examining how individual family members' moral support impacts women entrepreneurs' performance. It also makes a theoretical contribution by analysing craft tourism entrepreneurship from a sociological dimension and disaggregating the family system to identify and explain each family member's contribution to the informal economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowdfunding is a growing source of finance for entrepreneurs. In this paper, we investigate the existence of a gender effect in the time needed to obtain a business loan through crowdfunding. Using data from three Dutch crowdfunding platforms, survival analysis of the time to completion for 934 business loan campaigns shows that female entrepreneurs have a 20% shorter campaign completion time compared to male entrepreneurs, whereas couples do not differ from males. This effect persists across the different platforms. Subsequent analysis shows that female entrepreneurs do not have the disadvantage they face in traditional lending channels when requesting funds through crowdfunding, and that herding behavior by investors benefits female entrepreneurs most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Carta Económica Regional is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The intersection of gender and entrepreneurship has received growing attention in recent years from academics, practitioners, and policy makers. The current paper reviews research on what influences women's demand for- and supply of entrepreneurial finance, while suggesting a conceptual approach untangling contradictory findings in earlier studies. This is achieved through a systematic literature review of 113 carefully selected papers, published between 1989 and 2019. Specifically, the review includes 77 studies dedicated to female access to finance, 32 studies on female investment behaviour, and 4 studies addressing both. We find that inconsistent findings can be traced to a combination of wide theoretical plurality in one-half of the studies and an absence of theoretical anchoring in the other half, calling for conceptual integration of existing theories with feminist critiques. Accordingly, we propose integrative conceptual frameworks highlighting the roles of explicit and symbolic factors impacting women's access to- and investment of- financial resources. This approach led us to suggest that refocusing research on symbolic and intangible factors may help uncover new associations, otherwise obscured in earlier research. Furthermore, the inclusion of interaction terms with gender-related variables may also help untangle existing inconsistencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The involvement of women in business in developing countries has become a subject of great interest for many researchers. In particular, female involvement in microfinance institutions has received special attention from governments and development institutions given its potential impact on poverty alleviation. This paper assesses the effect of gender on the credit risk and performance of microfinance institutions in sub-Saharan Africa. A sample of 43 microfinance institutions from 19 sub-Saharan African countries was selected and data was collected over the period 2010–2016. Seemingly unrelated regressions (SURs) were performed to examine how gender affects the credit risk and performance of microfinance institutions. The findings do not show any significant impact of female loan officers on credit risk, financial performance or social performance. Thus, all else being equal in the countries analyzed, female loan officers do not impact the credit risk and performance differently compared to male credit officers. The contribution of this paper is to shed light on the debate on the impact of gender on the performance of microfinance institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on businesswomen Kim Helas' Passion For Paper in Auckland, New Zealand. Her inventory is sourced from around the globe is all-encompassing. Passion For Paper clients also use papers for decoupage, book binding, and a multitude of other creative endeavours. There is an extensive selection of premium stock invitations for weddings and parties.

Purpose: An analysis of the situation of women on the Polish labour market and identification of arguments in favour of measures supporting the professional activation of women. Design/methodology/approach: This study is an overview and attempts to analyse the situation of women in the Polish economy on the basis of recent Polish and foreign reports. Findings: Macroeconomic benefits and the potential to improve business performance are arguments in favour of measures to activate women in the labour market, to support their career development and to promote gender diversity in companies to attract talent. Research limitations/implications: The paper identifies the micro- and macro-economic benefits of increasing women's participation in the labour market. Practical implications: The author characterises the changes taking place on the labour market in the context of the situation of women, with particular reference to Polish socio-economic policy regulations and European Union directives on equality policy. Originality/value: Given the dynamic changes on the Polish labour market, which is already facing very strong supply pressures, seeking solutions to encourage as many people as possible on the labour market, including women, to remain economically active for as long as possible is a necessary condition for the development of the modern economy. Harnessing the potential of women brings tangible results for economies and businesses, hence measures should be taken to redress the gender imbalance in various areas of the wider labour market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We all agree that it is essential to build an inclusive entrepreneurship ecosystem for all kinds of people, particularly minority and women entrepreneurs, as the past studies are clear to demonstrate underperformance of those demographic groups. At the same time, we are only beginning to understand what kind of systemic barriers exist for women or minority entrepreneurs at the regional system level. Furthermore, it requires a different set of knowledge about how we can practically create an inclusive ecosystem. This paper applies the concept of equity planning for the context of economic development. This paper examines a case study of the City of Columbus, Ohio, in 2018–2019 in which the City Government actively promoted to build an inclusive ecosystem for women and minority entrepreneurs. We induce five essential steps that we could learn from this inclusionary practice which provide tangible implications for other city governments, nonprofit organizations, foundations, and other stakeholders of local entrepreneurship systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper adds to the literature on female entrepreneurship in the Algarve region in Portugal. We obtained data on the profile, motivations and difficulties experienced by female entrepreneurs and studied the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis on their ventures. Design/methodology/approach: The research resorted to a Case Study approach, along with semi-structured interviews with twenty-four women who create and develop their activity in Algarve. Findings: It was concluded that the presence of entrepreneurs in the family, the influence of networking, and knowledge and professional experience were relevant factors for their entrepreneurial initiative and behaviour. The main constraints identified were: insecurity and difficulties in hiring staff. Regarding the motivations of female entrepreneurs, the need for independence and personal fulfilment stand out, reflecting a predominance of entrepreneurial activity based on the identification of opportunities. The negative impact of the pandemic on the business development of the interviewees, although mitigated by digital tools, was felt globally. Originality/value: As the literature review established, despite being a well-known tourist destination internationally, the Algarve region remains overlooked, especially when it comes to the study and analysis of social and economic dynamics. In the same vein, so has the study of female entrepreneurship in the region. The methodology used in this paper allowed for the creation of a survey that provides new empirical information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a special issue of Venture Capital which comprises a selection of the papers that were presented in the venture capital track at the 48th World Conference of the International Council For Small Business (ICSB) held in Belfast, Northern Ireland in June 2003. The intention of the mini-conference was to provide a forum for papers which explored new issues in venture capital. In our judgement the six papers that we have selected for publication in this special issue are particularly innovative in either their topic, methodology or treatment of the subject matter. This review covers the main themes in the track: (i) the new investment environment; (ii) approaches by venture capitalists to the evaluation of investment opportunities; (iii) the management of investments and investment performance; (iv) the global spread of venture capital; (v) business angels; (vi) the demand for venture capital; (vii) bootstrapping - making do without venture capital; (viii) women and (no) venture capital [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork on young white-collar women training bodies after work in Shanghai, I demonstrate that core muscles serve as visual indexes of discipline and hard-work, and that women create social spaces to collectively cultivate such dispositions. The socially sanctioned value of core muscles is connected to the discourse of 'having it all' increasingly popular among professional women in corporate, urban China. This paper elaborates on how bodily training transposes dispositions of work ethics beyond the workplace and on women's anxieties about their bodies at the intersection of productive and reproductive demands from the society. This paper builds on and critiques existing approaches to the body, and attends not only to the woman's body at the intersection of production and reproduction but also to the social aspect of bodily training in spaces between home and work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ius Canonicum is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The construction industry's male-dominated image, working ethos, and environment have led to an abysmal representation of women professionals in the workforce. The industry, the second largest employer in India, contributing 9% to India’s GDP has a mere 2% representation of women professionals (architects, site engineers, quantity surveyors, planning engineers, safety professionals, etc.) in employment. Manpower shortage continues to challenge the industry and poses an opportunity for women and employers alike. In this context, the paper aims to identify and evaluate the barriers and approaches to improve the wellbeing, safety, and health of women professionals at project sites thus increasing their share in employment. A mixed approach of questionnaire survey, interviews, and focused discussion was adopted. The top three barriers identified were – Long working hours and a culture that working long demonstrate work commitment, Remote and changing work locations of project sites impacting family life, and Inflexible work hours; while the top three approaches were – Providing appropriate sanitary facilities, Separate and clean restrooms and Evaluating performance based on output rather than hours put in. Results suggest that men and women shared a common perception of all barriers and approaches except for three. The findings will aid in advocating for women's wellbeing, safety and health at construction sites and spread the word about the value of gender mainstreaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the experiences of LGBT* ethnic minority entrepreneurs, their changing locations and their entrepreneurial activities. Using a unique mixed-method approach which collected empirical data from Germany and the Netherlands, the paper combines an ethnographic fieldwork of intersectional entrepreneurs, community activists and policy-makers with an original survey with LGBT* customers. Our findings contribute to understanding of intersectionality by revealing the role played by the contextualized embeddedness of intersectional entrepreneurs at the different geographic scales of supranational, national, regional and inter and intra-urban. While such embeddedness frames the challenges they face, it also provides opportunities for intersectional entrepreneurs. Using a multi-scalar perspective, this paper delivers a spatially contextual perspective of entrepreneurial diversity and provides a framework to analyse the complex issues and contexts with which intersectional entrepreneurs are both confronted and embedded within. This paper contributes to refining the spatial context of entrepreneurship which has gained attention in recent studies of entrepreneurship and regional development. The paper responds to a call for gender entrepreneurship scholars to contribute to understanding of intersectional entrepreneurship. Finally, this study goes beyond the binary view of female migrant entrepreneurship by adopting a more gender diverse lens which considers the experiences of LGBT* entrepreneurs from ethnic minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]