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The figure of Christopher Columbus was a key trope in the programming for the BBC's Latin American Service (LAS) and West Indian Service during the Second World War. This paper analyzes four dramas and one feature program from the 1940s that not only dramatize events from Columbus's life but also reflect the contemporary broadcast context by promoting British war interests and showcasing Latin American and Caribbean histories and geographies. These commemorative programs are broadly hagiographic, but they also reveal the BBC's awareness of how Latin American and West Indian audiences might variously respond to portrayals of Columbus and European colonization. Using radiogenic strategies including immersive aurality, the interplay of different historical narratives, and multivocality, these programs reveal the relationships between the BBC's institutional aims in overseas broadcasting and Latin American and West Indian program creators' literary and political goals. The portrayals of Columbus in the 1940s served an allegorical and ultimately propagandistic purpose, demonstrating the role of faith and perseverance amid turbulence and conflict, and inducing, by analogy, sympathy for Britain's war effort. The authors commissioned to write, produce, and deliver these dramas were not simply responding to propaganda guidelines; they were responding to the demands of the corporation and the war effort while also pursuing their own commitments and literary ambition. Ultimately, the scripts produced by the BBC for broadcast to the Americas reveal Columbus and his voyages as polysemic symbols of the regions' relationship to their past and their relationships to Europe in the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first edition of the Daily Mail on May 4, 1896, included an advertisement for the "latest scientific marvel," the Lumiere Cinematograph. While historians have acknowledged the concurrent rise of film and the popular press, this article explores the varied and often-innovative ways in which British newspapers produced film and visual media. From the use of Daily Mail screens to relay election results, to the production and promotion of the newspaper's own film in 1910, these early interactions allow us to understand better the emergence, evolution, and endurance of Britain's modern media system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Great Famine in Ireland and Britain's Financial Crisis" by Charles Read and "Dublin and the Great Irish Famine" edited by Emily Mark-Fitzgerald, Ciarán McCabe, and Ciarán Reilly are two books that explore the Great Famine in Ireland. The Famine, also known as An Gorta Mór or the Irish potato famine, occurred between 1845 and the early 1850s and resulted in the loss of around two million lives and a significant decline in Ireland's population. The books examine the economic and political factors that contributed to the Famine, including the British government's response and the impact on Dublin. They also discuss the cultural memory and legacy of the Famine. These books provide valuable insights into this devastating event and its lasting effects on Ireland. [Extracted from the article]

After World War II, British jazz fans and critics looking to better understand the genre stimulated a demand for blues records; this market expanded further as first Trad jazz, then skiffle and British R&B launched a British blues revival. Major labels like Decca and Pye offered major US urban blues and soul artists, but the specialty market, dominated by connoisseurs interested in a wider variety of artists and eras, was underserved by the major labels. Thus, committed blues lovers took matters into their own hands. This paper will survey the turbulent independent blues record scene in Britain from the late 1940s to the early 1970s, an ever-changing kaleidoscope of labels with colorful names, shadowy origins, lofty goals, and often surprising founders. Dozens of British musicians, critics, and collectors founded labels, licensing (or bootlegging) materials for reissue, importing 45s from the United States and reselling them in Britain, or recording new material for exclusive release. Many of these small concerns, reissuing rarities and recordings by artists outside the commercial mainstream, were labors of love rather than serious commercial enterprises. Their limited-edition discs were marketed directly to their target audience, and label owners rarely did more than break even. Most only issued a handful of recordings, though in the process they revived the stalled careers of US blues singers, provided much-needed income and support to older artists, and introduced Britain to a wider variety of blues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the enormous growth of contract in the public sector over the last twenty years as part of the development of the "new public management." In the United Kingdom, the most penetrating assessment of the significance of this growth for the law of contract, its theory and its use, is Peter Vincent-Jones's The New Public Contracting, the thrust of which has been the basis of Vincent-Jones's contribution to this issue, The New Public Contracting: Public versus Private Ordering? In this paper, the author examines the welfarism of public sector contracting by means of a comment on Vincent-Jones's excellent account of the contractualization of the public sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"State Surveillance, Political Policing and Counter-Terrorism in Britain, 1880–1914" by Vlad Solomon is a comprehensive study of high policing in Britain during the late Victorian, Edwardian, and pre-First World War periods. The book examines how the British state dealt with threats from Fenian bombing campaigns, working-class strikers, continental anarchists, and militant suffragettes. Solomon analyzes official records, newspapers, memoirs, and other sources to provide a detailed account of the violent acts and the actions of the police. The book also explores the personal intrigues and rivalries that shaped the development of surveillance organizations like the Special Branch and MI5. Solomon argues that the lack of cooperation with continental police forces and the expansion of extra-legal policing were influenced by British exceptionalism and political factors. However, the reviewer suggests that structural factors and social conditions may have played a role as well. The reviewer also questions the lumping together of working-class radicalism with violent campaigns and raises concerns about the language used to describe strikes in South Wales. Overall, the book offers valuable insights into the development of British policing during this period. [Extracted from the article]

This paper reconstructs levels of cinemagoing in Britain over the two decades preceding the first accepted estimates of the national audience, which were produced in 1934. It uses the receipts from the tax on entertainments, levied by British governments starting in 1916, to examine the impact of broader developments, from war to major economic downturns, and radical changes within the industry itself with the introduction of sound technology. A significant discontinuity is identified in the emergence of the talking picture, which worked to broaden and deepen support for the cinema, confirming it as the dominant mass entertainment form of the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an introduction to articles on the Great Britain early motion picture industry. An 1895 interview of Thomas Blair shows that he was equally interested in the potential of celluloid roll-film for both still cameras and moving image devices. Gerry Turvey's paper explores a period of British film history when the main genre was non-fiction. John Barnes discusses the film "Mary Jane's Mishap" in 1902. Richard Brown explores the economic impetus which drove the early film industry, in relation to films of the Boer War. The restoration of the Mitchell and Kenyon collection by the British Film Institute is attributed to scholar Vanessa Toulmin's persuasive arguments for its national importance. Jon Burrows has managed to find new sources of early film history in the form of London, England's council and metropolitan police records.

This article examines the exhibition and reception of Kinemacolor in Russia from 1910 to 1916. Kinemacolor was a British method of filming and projecting in natural color invented by George Albert Smith and financed by Charles Urban, a US-born entrepreneur; film historians generally regard it as the most commercially viable color process before the outbreak of war in 1914. The article investigates Urban's interest in Russia as a potential market for Kinemacolor and as a source of interesting filmic material. In addition to identifying the extent of Kinemacolor's exhibition and distribution in Russia between 1910 and 1916, it also examines the Russian subjects filmed by Urban's companies in black and white and color, and identifies two occasions (1909 and 1913) on which Tsar Nikolai II and Tsarina Aleksandra Fedorovna were filmed in Kinemacolor. The article argues that the reception of Kinemacolor was widespread and diverse, and included members of the Russian imperial family and the Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin. It references the specialist film-trade press in Britain, Russia, Europe, and North America; theater listings in Britain and Russia; and contemporary reports on Kinemacolor exhibitions in the British and Russian media. The article also draws upon the extensive archive of Urban's private papers, which is currently preserved in Bradford's National Science and Media Museum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thesis of this paper is that governments of some otherwise enlightened states are increasingly fearful of acknowledging the restraints imposed on them by existing international law. They are also reluctant to enter into new commitments by way of international conventions that would expand the reach of international law. The paper asks whether these fears are based on a true understanding of international law or on some distorted view of it. It will draw comparisons and some contrasts between Australia and the United States in their reactions to a number of recent events as well as to some enduring situations of contemporary relevance. Had time (and the limits of my research) permitted, one might also have examined public attitudes toward international law in China, Japan, and Russia in this context, where similar fears appear to be entertained. France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, also enlightened states, appear by contrast to belong to a group more dedicated to international law. As Robert Kagan has recently remarked, the experience of two world wars at close quarters, and the formation of the European Union, have made the European countries more dedicated to process, where the United States is more interested in results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the history, membership, and rules of the Heath Book Club operating near Wakefield, Yorkshire, in the 1850s in order to gain insight into the lives of readers during the Victorian period. Members included several wealthy landowners, clergymen, and other prominent residents, as well as a few professionals and one tradesman. As members of a book club, readers had access to otherwise hard-to-attain books. As a social network, the book club may have provided additional economic, social, or political returns to the members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the contingent and affective dimensions of genre in Victorian criticism on the ballad. Aesthetic judgments comprise an important part of the historical meta-discourse surrounding literary genres, yet these categories occupy only a marginal position in our present theories of genre. The terms of aesthetic judgment tend to fall out when we tally historical genres' discursive conventions and map their formal and thematic contours. In contrast, Victorian literary criticism's dependence on the language of feeling, not only in describing individual works but also in shaping generic taxonomies, provides an opportunity to consider the ways in which the seemingly irreducible particularities of aesthetic experience meet the generalizing force of genre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on late nineteenth-century juvenile literature in Great Britain. Sale and publication of certain boys' periodicals known as 'penny dreadfuls' that allegedly encouraged anti-social attitudes and criminal behavior in the young; Focus of topics on bizarre and supernatural figures.

At the height of the Indian uprising in 1857, two rival London newspapers published portraits on the same day of the man who had become known in Britain as the primary villain of the conflicts: Nana Sahib. These were clearly portraits of two different men. This essay explores why Victorian image-making processes meant that such portraits were presumed accurate, and it traces multiple leads in identifying the men pictured within them. Considering "the villain" as a category steeped in conventions of melodrama, the essay argues that the portraits' conflict with one another did not matter to the British public because such images worked to create certainty amid chaotic reportage of uprising events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses George Henry Lewes's study of living matter in The Physiology of Common Life (1859-60). Despite the physiological materiality of its subject, Lewes's text often discusses states of life that defy clear-cut classification. The process of human aging is a particularly confounding example of life and death's indeterminacy because, as Lewes describes, older age invokes both the physiological and aesthetic intermingling of animal life with stone, petrifaction, and minerality. I argue that Lewes's discussion of aging in Chapter XIII draws directly from the earlier geological research of Charles Lyell and, with brief reference to illustrative examples elsewhere in Victorian writing, I show the ways in which the Lewesian understanding of aging as a state of suspension between animality and minerality is reliant upon and a spur for the nineteenth-century literary imagination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary introduces the "Cinema Programmes" of the British Public Relations Office in Bahrain from 1944 to 1948. In addition to propaganda-based newsreels and information films, the programs included Hollywood feature films that were borrowed from Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO). BAPCO rented the films from distributors in India for screening in its employees-only cinema in Awali. Following screenings in the company cinema, the films were exhibited in a range of nontheatrical venues and for different audiences. These programs, which were collected and archived in the India Office Records, provide us with one of the few sources to track the formative years of film culture in the Gulf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

English-architecture company law describes the distinct and diverse group of company or corporate law used in more than sixty jurisdictions worldwide. English-architecture company law provides a robust platform for innovation and development due to its permissive structure, opportunity for choice of law in an entity's internal governance, and scalability permitting variation for small and large entities. It is the dominant form among International Financial Centers (IFCs), many of which have legal systems with a British connection. This body of law responds to competition and maintains dynamism by engaging its practice community through "learning by doing" and "frictioneering." An architectural approach permits a broader review of developments in company law that more closely captures the reality of global law practice. The IFC experience of climbing the value chain from tax arbitrage to provide solutions for entities or structures left out in the corporate law of larger jurisdictions provides a useful global governance model to maintain normative, jurisprudential, and regulatory coherence even as it responds to more specialized and unanticipated needs. This Article explores what makes English-architecture company law so successful and how IFCs use it to compete in the global law market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review of literature evaluates evidence about effective and inclusive care management strategies for learners with type 1 diabetes in UK primary schools. Approximately 29,000 children in the UK are currently living with special health care needs of type 1 diabetes (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, 2021a), and governing policies indicate an inconsistent approach to learner care, highlighting the need for improved school services. Findings included clear identification of key stakeholder roles, collaborative working, provision of adequate school staff training, enabling student self-management, and delivery of individual healthcare plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At just after six in the evening on 16 June 1851, a balloon carrying two passengers narrowly avoided crashing into the transept of the Crystal Palace. This near-disastrous balloon ascent was the result of just one of the popular entertainments that sprang up to capitalize on the crowds of visitors to the Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations in London in 1851. Despite the fact that on this occasion popular entertainment and didactic recreation almost literally collided, histories of the Exhibition have kept the two separate. It is notable that today the Great Exhibition is most often studied through sources such as Dickinson's Comprehensive Pictures of the Great Fxhibition of 1851 (1852), the Art Journal Illustrated Catalogue (1851), or the Illustrated London News, all aimed at middle-class audiences. However, cheap broadside ballads also commented on the Exhibition and offer alternative perspectives on the event. This paper focuses on these neglected sources and reads them within a broader network of literary and visual sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that Victorian Shakespeare burlesques reveal an alternate literary history: a movement away from private, novelistic consciousness toward collaborative performance. Many materialist scholars fault post-Romantic critics for casting Shakespeare as a psychological realist and reading his plays as if they were novels. The burlesque treatment of Hamlet's soliloquies, however, suggests a contrary trajectory, challenging the equation of Shakespearean character with psychological reflection. Rather than inaugurating a tradition of interiority, Hamlet's soliloquies generate social speech in works like Gilbert's Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, inviting audience participation. The burlesque imperative also inflects novels like Dickens's Great Expectations, turning the internal debate of the canonical literary self into the public dispute of populist entertainment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Campbells have the potential to offer much to the theme of literature and borders, given that the kindred's astonishing political success in the late medieval and early modern period depended heavily upon the ability to negotiate multiple frontiers: between Highlands and Lowlands, between Gaelic Scotland and Ireland, and, especially after the Reformation, with England and the matter of Britain. This paper explores the literary dimension to Campbell expansionism, from the Book of the Dean of Lismore in the earlier sixteenth century, to poetry addressed to dukes of Argyll in the earlier eighteenth century. Particular attention will be paid to the literary proclivities of the household of the Campbells of Glenorchy on either side of what appears to be a major watershed in 1550; and to the agenda of the Campbell protégé John Carswell, first post-Reformation bishop of the Isles, and author of the first printed book in Gaelic in either Scotland or Ireland, Foirm na n-Urrnuidheadh (The Form of Prayers), published at Edinburgh in 1567. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conceptions of progress abounded in the Victorian period, and works of intellectual history were instrumental in illustrating and interrogating the laws of the progressive development of modern societies. Among the axioms that informed progressive historiography was the 'intellectualist' assumption of the privileged and incremental historical agency of speculation, knowledge, and ideas. This paper considers the role of John Stuart Mill's System of Logic (1843) in shaping an intellectualist paradigm in Victorian liberal historiography. It focuses on Leslie Stephen's methodological reflections in the History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century (1876), which it analyzes in terms of a revision of Mill's concept of regulative ideas that suggests how intellectual history was fully caught up in the mid-Victorian 'crisis of reason.' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior to 1914, Albany Ward (1879-1956) was the operator of the largest cinema circuit in England. He had entered the film business with Birt Acres in 1896, but soon branched out on his own as a traveling exhibitor, eventually acquiring 29 theatres in the western part of England and Wales. Using materials in the collection of the Albany Ward family, this paper documents the pre-war career of one of Britain's early motion picture showmen. The article also discusses the establishment of the Ward Film Service in 1912. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While recent studies of Victorian literary criticism have investigated poetry's place in the periodical press, little attention has been paid to the history of poetry published in large-circulation general newspapers. this essay discusses poetry published in The London Times during the 1860s, examining the literal place of poetry within the newspaper, its themes and formal characteristics, and its relation to authorship. I suggest that reading these poems in relation to their original material context raises theoretical questions about the history of reading, intertextuality, and poetry's function in the public sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks at approaches to film acting in 1930s British Cinema by examining the papers of the actor Robert Donat (1905-1958), now housed in the Donat Archive in the John Rylands University Library, Manchester. Using Donat's original documents, particularly the 'The Emotion Chart', that was used in preparation for his role in The Citadel (MGM, 1938), it argues that film acting methodologies in Britain were developed from the cross-fertilisation of stage acting and existing film acting practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the promotion of well-being through music education. Accordingly, the paper examines the way in which education in Great Britain is constructed around the notion of passing on received wisdom. It suggests that education should be for life, and in this case, it should be associated with the use of music as a tool for well-being. This means exploration of subjugated ways of knowing that challenge Western value systems. Even though the notion that education is primarily enculturation into a particular culture has dominated the thinking behind the paradigms in the Western world, these have been regularly opposed by philosophers of education who have favored a more person-centered approach.

The author discusses three articles in this special issue arising from the 14th annual November 2016 conference of the North American Victorian Studies Association entitled "Social Victorians" in Phoenix, Arizona, on topics including art galleries, a provincial book club, and reviews of ballads.

Insofar as the field of Anthropocene studies would seem to invite (if not necessitate) large-scale or sweeping approaches like Reno's, Ross's I Charlotte Brontë at the Anthropocene i is counterintuitive inasmuch as it zooms in on the life and works of one Victorian woman. Exploring how "Charlotte Brontë wrote the Anthropocene at the scale of a lifetime", Ross demonstrates beautifully how the Anthropocene as ideational concept and material condition might be generatively evinced by and through small-scale, localized, materially situated methods of inquiry (5). Charlotte Brontë at the Anthropocene, by Shawna Ross; pp. vii + 326. [Extracted from the article]

Victorian Britons were interested in encounters between humans and fish for many reasons: fishing for sport as opposed to food gathering was expanding rapidly in popularity; fishing was practiced by many different people in many ways around the world; and fish populations were visibly suffering from pollution, overfishing, and terrain modification. This article analyzes the changing meanings of these encounters through addressing the beliefs about fish pain held by Victorian anglers. These beliefs were intertwined with ideas about race, food, civilization, and class. Elite British anglers increasingly understood their relationship with fish and their own capacity to feel pain (and to judge others' pain) as a justification of their place as the managers and stewards of all fisheries, not just those in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Emergence of Bicycling and Automobility in Britain" by Craig Horner explores the history of cycling and motoring in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Britain. Horner examines the pioneers who transitioned from cycling to becoming motorists and motor industry entrepreneurs, and documents how motorized vehicles began to gain popularity by 1905. The book highlights the challenges faced by these entrepreneurs, such as legal restrictions, inadequate road infrastructure, and societal hostility towards motorists. It also discusses the shift in the motoring industry after 1905, with the emergence of a new breed of upper- and middle-class consumers. Overall, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of the role of cycling and motoring in shaping British mobility during this period. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses several reports published within the issue including the Jewish Women and Philanthropy conference, the philanthropic works and services of the Union of Jewish Women (UJW) in Great Britain and the artworks of Jewish artists Deborah Greniman and Judith Margolis.

Analyzing the dynamics of collection and display in the colonial context, this essay considers the South Asian artifacts collected by Sir Richard Carnac temple, Chief Commissioner of the Andaman and Nicobar islands from 1894-1904. temple exhibited the teak carvings, body adornments, and hunting tools that he amassed throughout his career in his home, the Nash, which became the foundation of his public persona as a triumphant colonial chief, a "shining light" in the emerging discipline of anthropology, and a wealthy, upper-class lord of the manor. the politics of consumption, decoration, and self-creation converge in the Nash, offering a glimpse into how material objects removed from India during the late nineteenth century were consumed in Britain and how domestic display contributed to the formation of British identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the nature of Jewish identity in British politics through a case study of the first Jewish Members of Parliament. The 1858 achievement of the right to sit in Parliament marked the culmination of the struggle for Jewish emancipation in Britain. Consequently, the first Jewish MPs were at the forefront of debates concerning Anglo-Jewry's place in British society and were confronted, in particular, with the dichotomy that equality presented European Jews: existing as a minority subculture in a modern nation-state. Between 1858 and 1887, Jewish MPs grew in number and successfully combined Jewish and general interests with little antisemitic reproach, demonstrating a remarkable confluence between the community's and the nation's concerns. However, certain issues raised tensions that forced Anglo-Jewry to defend their specificity within British politics against the perceived terms of their inclusion. This article reveals the ambiguous nature of nineteenth-century Anglo-Jewish identity, highlighting its integration but also continuing particularity and precariousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the reasons for the keeping the working class of the British Victorian society unaware of the British empire. Contextual reasons for thinking that the working class may not have been affected by imperialism as they are often assumed or implied to be; Reasons for not allowing the working classes to learn more about the British empire; Principle on which the British society was held together.

In this evaluation of provincial Jewish communities, Levene challenges a prevailing view of industrialism: that it severed cherished family ties and replaced them with mere communities of circumstance. Jews in Nineteenth-Century Britain: Charity, Community and Religion, 1830-1880, by Alysa Levene; pp. vi + 248. In it, Levene examines maps, statistics, census data, and communal records to understand social, geographical, and transpatial notions of community among provincial Jews. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the efforts of the U.S. to assist Great Britain in restricting the illegal immigration of European Jews to Palestine in 1945-1947. The illegal immigration was largely financed by American contributions, which is in conflict with the British policy to halt Jewish immigration into Palestine. The retuning of the illegal ship Exodus 1947, carrying displaced persons to Palestine, by the British government to Germany has resulted to a massive protest in the U.S. Detention of another ship Colonel Frederick C. Johnson, which was suspected to be used for illegal immigration, was the only successful attempt by the U.S. to support the British in preventing the migration of displaced persons into Palestine.

Discusses a paradigm for fictitious character Humphrey Chimpden Earwicker in James Joyce's 'Finnegans Wake,' provided by William T. Stead, assistant editor of the 'Pall Mall Gazette.' Analysis of the character, appearance, repeated trials, references and allusions in the novel; Literary sources of the novel; Foundation of the novel on child prostitution prevalent in the 19th century London society.

"Beyond the Law": The Politics of Ending the Death Penalty for Sodomy in Britain by Charles Upchurch explores the history of the abolition of the death penalty for sodomy in Britain. Upchurch challenges the notion that the period between the eighteenth and late nineteenth centuries was a sparsely documented gray zone in queer history. He examines the political maneuvering and debates surrounding the decriminalization of sodomy in the 1830s, 1840s, and 1861, shedding light on the motivations of key politicians involved. Upchurch also explores the connections between influential thinkers, authors, and politicians in advocating for reform. While some of his connections are speculative, the book provides valuable insights into this neglected period of queer history. [Extracted from the article]

Workers, Unions and Payment in Kind: The Fight for Real Wages in Britain, 1820-1914 Finally, Frank explores the work of the factory inspectors, especially the women, many of whom saw themselves as campaigners for the rights of women workers rather than neutral administrators of state policy. Workers, Unions and Payment in Kind: The Fight for Real Wages in Britain, 1820-1914, by Christopher Frank; pp. xii + 293. [Extracted from the article]

Brexit, i.e., the United Kingdom's departure from membership in the European Union, has posed particular problems for communities in the borderlands of Northern Ireland since the referendum which began the process. With reference to initial scholarly assessments of Brexit effects in the UK and in other parts of Europe, the article explores the possible impact of Brexit on European borderlands. This article summarizes some of these problems in Northern Ireland in order to ask questions which may prove relevant at borders elsewhere in Europe, particularly in regard to issues of political, economic, social and cultural integration and differentiation in national and transnational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the cover of the issue, comments on changes to the journal's staff, and announces that a special issue of the journal will be devoted to Victorianist historicism in the literary criticism field. It notes that the cover of the issue features an image that is entitled “System of Sociolatry” from the book "The Catechism of Positive Religion" by Auguste Comte and translated by Richard Congreve. The departure of journal editors Maureen Hattrup and Stephanie Koscak is also noted.

This article explores the welfare services that settled Jews in Britain and the United States provided for the large diaspora of east European Jews between 1880 and the Great Depression. It highlights gender relations, both as proposed for the immigrants and among the welfare workers themselves. How immigrants experienced the services provided for them is seen here through the lens of divergent views of tzedakah—God's commandment to practice charity and social justice in a way that respects the dignity of the recipient. Using evidence from London and Glasgow for Britain, and from New York and Boston for the United States, it explores three overlapping phases of welfare work: scientific Jewish charity organization (1870–1914); new Liberal and Progressive Jewish social welfare (1890–1930); and professional Jewish social services (from 1890 on). The overall story tells of the increasing intention of the welfare providers to bring more understanding and respect to their work, but also of continuing tension with the recipients of their concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although it is generally considered that there was relatively little interest in the First World War throughout the 1970s and 1980s in Britain, these decades constitute a key moment in time when the embodied memories of the war transitioned into the cultural memory we are familiar with today. This article examines the transmission of memories of the First World War from veterans and their families to museums. It uses the Durham Light Infantry Museum, a small regimental museum in the northeast of England, as a case study to examine who donated war-related objects and their reasons for doing so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the late nineteenth century, the British government in India attempted to quell anti-colonial critique by criminalizing negative affect. This essay explores the relationship between “disaffection” and critique in this period by comparing the trial of the Bangavasi in 1891 (the first attempt to prosecute a newspaper using the law against disaffection) and the trials of Oscar Wilde four years later; it demonstrates how and why both were centrally concerned with sexuality, excessive affect, and the insincerity of affectation, and shows how the key terms operating in each trial circulated between Britain and India in the Anglophone press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special section explores the intersections of queer pedagogy and the teaching of religion-in and partly beyond the fields of religious studies and theology-in higher-education settings. The various contributions present reflections based on innovative teaching and transformative curriculum practices in religion courses and programs, specifically in South Africa and the United Kingdom but-we believe-with wider relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues that George Jacob Holyoake quoted George Eliot as part of a particular political strategy, one designed to bring together readers and writers of different classes, religious beliefs, and political affiliations. Holyoake, a lifelong political activist, worked tirelessly to build consensus among diverse and distinct groups, an effort that is reflected in his recirculation of passages by Eliot. Thanks to Holyoake's careful framing, Eliot herself emerges as a dedicated supporter of working-class political movements. By quoting her, Holyoake worked to convince his largely working-class audience that this famous middle-class author was on their side. As quotations traveled across class lines, they helped knit together the political projects of different groups, otherwise divided by class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay responds to current scholarship as it explains the poor person's horror of dissection in the Victorian period as part of a long and complex process of deprivation. Working with the Anatomy Act (1832) and the New Poor Law (1834) as its backdrop, this essay examines three anxieties that were inseparable from the pauper's existence: the social embarrassment attendant on the loss of personal belongings, especially clothes; the humiliation forced upon workhouse inmates by the New Poor Law diet; and the existential foreboding triggered by the prospect of postmortem dissection. It culminates in a consideration of the early works of Charles Dickens, who found in fiction a set of strategies that allowed early Victorians simultaneously to register and to compensate for these anxieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay analyzes the Kelmscott editions of William Morris's late prose romances in reference to late-nineteenth-century typographical discourses. It identifies on the surface of the Kelmscott works a previously undisclosed record of print craftsmanship: a coordinated effort by Morris and his print workers to prevent textually encoded forms of distraction from accruing on the printed page. In so doing, it engages with past scholarship that has traced the politics of the Kelmscott book to its utopian methods of print production or to its idealized, textually implicit modes of aesthetic perception. Offering a new way of appreciating this politics, it considers the books' coordinated efforts to eliminate distractions as an organized resistance to the misguided technoprogressive logic informing modern print practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]