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Novel view synthesis using implicit neural functions such as Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) has achieved significant progress recently. However, it is very computationally expensive to train a NeRF due to the disordered frequency optimization. In this paper, we propose the Pyramid NeRF, which guides the NeRF training in a 'low-frequency first, high-frequency second' style using the image pyramids and could improve the training and inference speed at 15 × and 805 × , respectively. The high training efficiency is guaranteed by (i) organized frequency-guided optimization could improve the convergency speed and efficiently reduce the training iterations and (ii) progressive subdivision, which replaces a single large multi-layer perceptron (MLP) with thousands of tiny MLPs, could significantly decrease the execution time of running MLPs. Experiments on various synthetic and real scenes verify the high efficiency of the Pyramid NeRF. Meanwhile, the structure and perceptual similarities could be better recovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different probe placements on the ventral and dorsal sides of the same finger using pulse oxygen saturation monitoring. Methods: This clinical trial used a convenience sampling method in patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. We enrolled 1330 patients from March to July 2018, including patients who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (n = 258) and in the general ward (n = 1072). Pulse oxygen saturation measurements obtained from the ventral and dorsal sides of the same finger were compared. This work adhered to the STROBE checklist requirements. Results: We found that pulse oxygen saturation measurements between the dorsal and ventral sides of a finger were not affected by different fingers, disease types, the application of a ventilator, vasoactive drugs, the conscious state of the patient or the instrument model. Conclusion: Our findings suggested no significant difference in saturation measurements with variation in the placement of the pulse oxygen saturation measurement instrument between the dorsal and ventral sides of a finger, regardless of illness severity. We believe that these results could simplify the monitoring procedures performed by nurses and eliminate worries concerning the inaccuracy of data because of varied probe positions. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Early application of digital pulse oxygen measurement in patients with early hypoxia can continuously display their blood oxygen status and can promptly detect hypoxaemia development.Some details may have an impact on clinical comprehension of pulse oximetry values, such as the signal averaging time, data sampling rates and sensor position.In clinical practice, although various medical units adopt different pulse oximeter monitoring instruments, the use of different brands of pulse oximeters requires the placement of the fingernail bed and probe on the same side during finger insertion. What is already known about this topic? In our study, we investigated whether the oxygen saturation measurements obtained from the ventral and dorsal sides of the same fingers in either hand were credible.Factors that affected the perfusion status of the fingertip (i.e. ventilator use, vasoactive drugs and coma) had no effect on the consistency of the oxygen saturation measurements obtained from the ventral and dorsal sides of the same fingers of either hand.Even when monitoring patients in, for example, fixed position, with fingers absent and with a range of different disease states, there is no difference between oxygen saturation measurements on the ventral and dorsal sides of fingers of either hand. The oxygen saturation measurements were found to be reliable. The implications of this paper: Placement of the probe on the dorsal or ventral sides of the fingers does not affect the pulse oxygen saturation measurement in patients with a range of different disease states.In clinical practice, the oxygen saturation measurement results from the ventral and dorsal sides of the same finger from either hand are credible. This finding would simplify daily nursing work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collision on reinforced concrete (RC) piers by moving vessels or vehicles is a significant issue. This paper presents the static and impact behavior of RC piers with different hollow ratios. Three specimens were statically tested to obtain the load-displacement response. Low-velocity collision on eleven RC piers was conducted under the same velocity of 2.42 m/s. The damage process, failure mode, and force response were comprehensively analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the hollow ratio plays a significant role in the failure mode and ultimate load of RC piers under static and impact loadings. For RC piers with a hollow ratio of 0 and 0.4, the global failure dominated the damage process. However, failure of piers with a hollow ratio of 0.6 was governed by the local damage near the loading point. The static load capacities of the RC piers with a hollow ratio of 0.4 and 0.6 were 1.27% and 60.5% smaller than that of the solid pier, respectively. RC piers with a higher hollow ratio or lighter drop weight suffer smaller peak impact force. The increase of the longitudinal reinforcements leads to a promotion of the peak and mean impact force. Furthermore, the numerically predicted failure modes and impact load response show satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, methanol-water co-solvent were utilized as solvents for hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) for the preparation of bio-oil to achieve a higher value application of BSFL. The effects of process parameters such as reaction temperature (200–290 °C), methanol-water ratio (0:1–1:0), and methanol participation in the liquefaction reaction (3.50–9.28 wt%) on the yield and properties of bio-oils were examined. The bio-oil produced at 260 °C and a methanol-water ratio of 4:1 had a yield of 68.23%, an HHV of 34.2 MJ kg−1, an O/C ratio of 0.13, and a H/C ratio of 2.39, suggesting their potential for use as renewable energy to replace the fossil energy. When taking into account the consumption of methanol at 260 °C, the bio-oil yield was 48.69%, energy recovery was 65.35%, and energy efficiency was 56.36%. GCMS analyses demonstrated that the main components of the methanol-water ratio of 4:1 bio-oil were esters and hydrocarbons, with fewer amides (1.92%), and its composition was similar to that of biodiesel. Methanol played an important role as a solvent in improving the esterification of the acid with methanol and advancing the alcoholysis of the amide. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusions\nHIGHLIGHTSThe objective was to explore the possible relationship between the serum vitamin D level and olfactory impairment in a population of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Guizhou, China.We included 25 patients with MS and 18 healthy controls (HCs) who were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from February 2021 to September 2021. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) was used to test the patients’ sense of smell, and the level of serum 25-hydroxyethylene polyprotein D was measured.Serum vitamin D levels and UPSIT scores were significantly different between the MS group and the control group (both p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant positive correlation emerged between vitamin D levels and UPSIT scores in MS patients (r = 0.537, p = 0.021).The serum vitamin D level may be involved in the regulation of olfactory dysfunction in MS patients in Guizhou, China.Multiple sclerosis is a rare disease in China.Compared with that of healthy controls, the olfactory function of MS patients was severely impaired.Compared with healthy controls, MS patients had low vitamin D levels.A significant positive correlation emerged between vitamin D levels and UPSIT scores in MS patients.The vitamin D levels of MS patients may be associated with olfactory impairment, which may have implications for future mechanistic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A combination of experimental and numerical studies was carried out to understand the microstructure and formation mechanism of kink bands in α / β two-phase titanium alloys. A deformation kink band was introduced in a Ti-9Cr alloy after uniaxial compression test. The strength changes of the α and β phases inside and outside the kink band were evaluated by nanoindentation tests. A potential hardening effect was revealed in the α phase inside the kink band, while a possible softening effect was located in the β phase at the kink boundaries. Microstructural examination of the kink band was conducted by electron backscatter diffraction measurement. The crystal rotation axis was found to be perpendicular to both the (0001) basal plane of the α phase and one of the (110) planes of the β phase. The crystallographic features were characterized by transmission electron microscopy observation, revealing a prismatic 〈 a 〉 slip that occurred during the compression to accommodate the rotations around the c-axis. Nanoindentation tests were performed on an undeformed specimen to calibrate the crystal plasticity model. A crystal plasticity finite element model was developed and {110} β -rotation-type kink bands were reproduced in the simulation and confirmed the prismatic slip activity. • During the uniaxial compression test, kink deformation was revealed in the α/β titanium two-phase alloy Ti-9Cr. • EBSD measurements, nanoindentation tests, and TEM observations were carried out on the deformed grain. • The rotation axis was found normal to the (0001) basal plane and one of the common (110) β planes. • The kink deformation was initiated by an intragranular crystal rotation accommodated by prismatic dislocations. • In the CPFEM simulation, the deformation kink bands were reproduced and confirmed the prismatic slip activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accurate voltage measurement of distribution networks is of great significance in power dispatching and fault diagnosis. Voltage sensors based on the spatial electric field effect do not require grounding, which provides the possibility for the distributed measurement of transmission line voltages. However, the divider ratio of suspension grounding voltage sensors is affected by the height between the sensor and the ground, as well as the distance between the sensor and the telegraph pole. In this paper, a self-calibration method based on internal capacitance transformation is proposed to realize the on-line calibration of suspension grounding voltage sensors. The calibration is accomplished by switching different parameters in the conditioning circuit, and the calibration process does not require power failure or known input excitation. In addition, the impact of electric fields in the other two phases of three-phase transmission lines on measurement through simulation research is quantified in this paper. In order to reduce the impact of interference electric fields, an equipotential shielding structure is designed. The circuit topology and probe prototype have been developed and testing has been conducted in laboratory conditions; the experimental results show that the maximum relative error of voltage amplitude is 1.65%, and the phase relative error is 0.94%. The measurement accuracy is not limited by the height to ground or the distance to the telegraph pole. In addition, in the application of an equipotential shielding probe, the maximum deviation of measured voltage is 0.7% with and without interference electric fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plastic deformation of an α / β two-phase Ti-10Cr alloy with fine lamella microstructure was investigated under uniaxial compression. The material was composed of coarse equiaxed β grains with { 332 } 〈 113 〉 twins introduced by cold rolling and α precipitates after aging. The crystallographic relationship between the matrix, the twin, and the precipitates was analyzed. A combination of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses was carried out to investigate the microstructure and plastic deformation behavior of the Ti-10Cr alloy. During uniaxial compression tests, { 110 } β - rotation-type kinks were located in the Ti-10Cr alloy. The crystallographic and kinematical relationships among the formed deformation bands were clarified with the rank-1 connection theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cellulose content in vegetable waste (VW) is high and cannot be directly digested by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). In this study, in order to treat VW using BSFL composting, kitchen waste (KW) is used as the only nutritional supplement for VW to analyze the effects of the different contents of crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), carbohydrate (3C), compost thickness (CT), and treatment time on the larval weight (LW), survival rate (SR), dry matter reduction rate (DMR), bioconversion rate (BCR), physical and chemical properties of BSFL sand and changes in the microbial community. Our results showed that when the average 3C content increased by 40%, the average LW increased by 47.6%, and the SR, DMR, BCR, and organic matter (OM) content increased by 16.82%, 8.5%, 4.77%, and 3.86%, respectively. In contrast, when the average compost thickness increased by 5 cm, the average weight of BSFL decreased by 22.64%, while the SR of larvae, DMR, BCR, OM, and total nutrients (TN + P 2 O 5 + K 2 O) decreased by 5%, 5.2%, 4.42%, 9.6%, and 0.78%, respectively. Germination test showed that BSFL sand alone could not be used as soilless culture substrate. After BSFL treatment, we found that the dominant phyla in BSFL sand were Firmicutes (95.77%), Proteobacteria (2.54%), Actinobacteria (0.74%), and Chloroflexi (0.6%). Our results indicate that BSFL composting is an effective method of treating VW, and 3C content and CT have a significant effect on BSFL composting. [Display omitted] • 3C content and CT had significant effects on LW, SR, DMR, BCR and FCR. • 3C (129.34 g), CT (5 cm) and time (10 days) are suitable for BSFL composting. • BSFL sand cannot be directly used as soilless culture substrate. • Firmicutes (95.77%) was the most abundant gate in the BSFL sand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of high-power solid state amplifiers (SSAs) in accelerator facilities is increasing, and equipment failure caused by reflected power is the main risk to their long-term operation. High-power SSAs often comprise multiple power amplifier modules. Full power reflection is more likely to damage the modules in SSAs if the amplitudes of the modules are unequal. Optimization of the power combiners is an effective means for improving the stability of SSAs under high power reflection. This study analyzes the mechanisms and conditions of reflected power generation using the scattering parameters of the combiner and proposes an optimization scheme for the combiner. The simulation and experimental results show that some modules may receive reflected power as high as nearly four times the rated power of one module when the SSA meets certain conditions, which could damage the modules. The maximum reflected power can be effectively reduced and the anti-reflection ability of SSAs can be improved by optimizing the combiner parameters to suppress the maximum reflected power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a recyclable and highly regioselective 1,6-hydroarylation of para -quinone methides (p -QMs) with N -heteroarenes has been developed under mild conditions. 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) as a solvent plays a significant role in this transformation to achieve a wide assortment of unsymmetrical triarylmethanes with high yields and excellent regioselectivity. This novel reaction is featured a very broad substrate scope and outstanding functional group tolerance and could also be scaled-up. Moreover, this Friedel-Crafts alkylation pathway is further supported by replacing HFIP with trifluoroethanol (TFE) in the control reactions. A highly regioselective 1,6-hydroarylation of para -quinone methides (p -QMs) with N -heteroarenes has been developed under mild conditions. 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) as a solvent plays a significant role in this transformation to achieve a wide assortment of unsymmetrical triarylmethanes with high yields and excellent regioselectivity. Moreover, this transformation can be easily extended to a gram scale-synthesis level. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Acidification can occur during storage of Congou black tea. • Aroma enhancement process (AEP) accelerates acidification of black tea during storage. • AEP promotes conversion of Phenylalanine and glucose to oxalic acid, quinic acid, etc. • AEP also changes tea soup composition and increases acidification during storage. Acidification of aroma-enhanced black tea during storage was studied. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography and Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer) and HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis of non-volatile substances and organic acids revealed a decrease of soluble sugars and amino acids in aroma-enhanced black tea, while an increase in organic acids such as oxalic acid, malic acid and quinic acid. Further in vitro experiments indicated that the acidification of aroma-enhanced tea during storage can be attributed to decomposition of sugars and amino acids by heating, oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. Meanwhile, the amino acids, catechins, soluble sugars and flavonoids that constitute the taste of black tea are further reduced, changing the taste composition of tea infusion and further increasing its acidity. This study revealed the reasons for black tea acidification during aroma enhancement and storage and provided a theoretical basis for improving black tea quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an optimized design and preliminary test result of a high-power input coupler. The design is motivated by five-cell Petra-type cavities operating in the Southern Advanced Photon Sources booster. We optimize the design of the high-power input coupler from the prototype, including the window geometry redesign and multipacting analysis to meet a 250 kW operation power upgrade plan. The cooling system of the coupler is redesigned to achieve a low temperature in high-power operation. Design results fulfill the five-cell cavity operation requirement. The corresponding waveguide and coaxial transition structures are developed and tested. We also describe the coupler's coupling coefficient tests and high-power test plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we report our recent progress in the design, fluid thermodynamics simulation, and high-power test of the2nd harmonic cavity for the China Spallation Neutron Source Phase II. A high-performance and large-size magnetic alloy (MA) core was developed as the load material for the radiofrequency cavity to achieve a high gradient of 40 kV/m. The water-cooling structure and cooling efficiency were studied and improved through numerical analysis and thermal experiments. The long-term stability of the cavity, especially the waterproofness of the MA cores with high heat load, was verified by high power tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-phase four-wire power cables are a primary kind of power transmission method in low-voltage distribution networks. This paper addresses the problem that calibration currents are not easily electrified during the transporting of three-phase four-wire power cable measurements, and proposes a method for obtaining the magnetic field strength distribution in the tangential direction around the cable, finally enabling online self-calibration. The simulation and experimental results show that this method can self-calibrate the sensor arrays and reconstruct the phase current waveforms in three-phase four-wire power cables without calibration currents, and this method is not affected by disturbances such as wire diameter, current amplitudes, and high-frequency harmonics. This study reduces the time and equipment costs required to calibrate the sensing module compared to related studies using calibration currents. This research offers the possibility of fusing sensing modules directly with running primary equipment, and the development of hand-held measurement devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Punicalagin (PUN) is a polyphenol derived from the pomegranate peel. It has been reported to have many beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-proliferation. However, the role of PUN in macrophage phagocytosis is currently unknown. In this study, we found that pre-treatment with PUN significantly enhanced phagocytosis by macrophages in a time- and dose-dependent manner in vitro. Moreover, KEGG enrichment analysis by RNA-sequencing showed that differentially expressed genes following PUN treatment were significantly enriched in phagocyte-related receptors, such as the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. Among the C-type lectin receptor family, Mincle (Clec4e) significantly increased at the mRNA and protein level after PUN treatment, as shown by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated knockdown of Mincle in macrophages resulted in down regulation of phagocytosis. Furthermore, western blotting showed that PUN treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in macrophages at the early stage. Mincle-mediated phagocytosis by PUN was inhibited by PDTC (a NF-κB inhibitor) and SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor). In addition, PUN pre-treatment enhanced phagocytosis by peritoneal and alveolar macrophages in vivo. After intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) , the bacterial load of peritoneal lavage fluid and peripheral blood in PUN pre-treated mice decreased significantly. Similarly, the number of bacteria in the lung tissue significantly reduced after intranasal administration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1). Taken together, our results reveal that PUN enhances bacterial clearance in mice by activating the NF-κB and MAPK pathways and upregulating C-type lectin receptor expression to enhance phagocytosis by macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Key aroma active compounds in steamed green tea are first decoded by sensomics. • 173 aroma substances in steamed green tea are identified using multiple methods. • 8 key aroma active compounds (dimethyl sulfide, cis -jasmone, etc.) are identified. • Key compounds increased first and then decreased except for heptanal in spreading. Steamed green tea has a long history and unique aroma, but little is known about its key aroma components. In this study, 173 volatiles in steamed green tea were identified using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and headspace-solid phase microextraction plus two chromatographic columns of different polarities. Aroma extract dilution analysis revealed 48 highly aroma-active compounds with flavor dilution factors 64–1024. Internal standards were used to calculate odorant active value (OAV), and 11 OAV > 1 key aroma compounds were determined. Omission test identified eight substances, including dimethyl sulfide, (E)- β -ionone, cis -jasmone, linalool, nonanal, heptanal, isovaleraldehyde and (Z)-3-hexenol, as the key aroma active compounds of steamed green tea. With the increase of withering degree, the content of these substances increased first and then decreased except for heptanal and cis -jasmone. Moreover, the water content of 62 % was suggested to be an appropriate withering degree during the processing of steamed green tea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calreticulin (CRT) on the cell surface that acts as an "eat me" signal is vital for macrophage-mediated programmed cell removal. The polyhydroxylated fullerenol nanoparticle (FNP) has appeared as an effective inducer to cause CRT exposure on cancer cell surface, but it failed in treating some cancer cells such as MCF-7 cells based on previous findings. Here, we carried out the 3D culture of MCF-7 cells, and interestingly found that the FNP induced CRT exposure on cells in 3D spheres via re-distributing CRT from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to cell surface. Phagocytosis experiments in vitro and in vivo illustrated the combination of FNP and anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody (mAb) further enhanced macrophage-mediated phagocytosis to cancer cells. The maximal phagocytic index in vivo was about three times higher than that of the control group. Moreover, in vivo tumorigenesis experiments in mice proved that FNP could regulate the progress of MCF-7 cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). These findings expand the application of FNP in tumor therapy of anti-CD47 mAb and 3D culture can be used as a screening tool for nanomedicine. [Display omitted] • Fullerenol nanoparticle (FNP) reduces the toxicity of anti-CD47 antibodies therapy. • 3D culture enhances the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to FNP. • FNP inhibits the progression of MCF-7 cancer stem cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xianglian Pill (XLP) is a classical Chinese medicine prescription applied for controlling ulcerative colitis (UC). Whereas, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present work was aimed to investigate the mechanism of XLP in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC via the Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)/Myeloid Differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling in mice. The major components of XLP were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The ulcerative colitis model was induced by DSS in mice. 5-Amino Salicylic Acid (5-ASA) group and XLP group were intragastrically treated. Disease activity index (DAI) and colon length were monitored and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was conducted. Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-N and TLR4 expressions in colon tissues were visualized by immunofluorescence. TLR4 mRNA was measured by Real Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The expressions of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), active-caspase-1, GSDMD-N, TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB, p–NF–κB, and the ubiquitination of TLR4 in colon tissues were detected by Western blot. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity was examined and serum inflammatory factors Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-18 were determined by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). TLR4-/- mice were applied for verifying the mechanism of XLP attenuated DSS symptoms. The XLP treatment extended colon length, reduced DAI, and attenuated histopathological alteration in DSS-induced mice. XLP administration suppressed MPO activity and reduced the content of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-18 in serum. XLP also inhibited the expression levels of GSDMD-N, TLR4, NLRP3, active-caspase-1, MyD88, p–NF–κB/NF-κB in colon tissues of DSS-induced mice. TLR4-/- mice proved that TLR4 was involved in XLP-mediated beneficial effect on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. XLP might treat ulcerative colitis by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. [Display omitted] • Xianglian Pill (XLP) ameliorated DSS-infuced UC in Mice. • XLP inhibited TLR4 expression through ubiquitination degradation. • XLP regulated the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and was verified in TLR4-/- mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The way for arterial and venous thrombus are treated should also be varied. • Smaller system favors penetration, while larger one promotes trapping in thrombus. • Physical-matched nano-systems show advances in specific arteriovenous thrombolysis. The differences of physiology, fluid parameters and core structures of thrombus in artery and vein determine the distinct ways for arterial and venous thrombolytic treatments. As an effective drug delivery strategy, physical-matching of nano-delivery system and clot structure will lead to significant advances in specific arteriovenous thrombolysis treatment. We fabricated mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (MSNs) with different sizes (MSN-S: ∼40 nm, MSN-M: ∼70 nm, MSN-L: ∼110 nm) cloaked with platelet membrane (termed PNPs). Results demonstrated that PNP-S (small-sized PNP) exhibited the optimal penetration effect in the both carotid arterial thrombus and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) rat model. However, the enrichment effects in the arterial and venous thrombus were distinct. Upon the action of blood flow shear stress, PNP-S had a better enrichment effect in the carotid arterial thrombus rat model compared with the other groups, while PNP-L (large-sized PNP) showed the best penetration and enrichment efficiency in the DVT rat model. After loading with 100 U/g urokinase (UK) (termed UNPs), large-sized UNPs (UNP-L) and small-sized UNPs (UNP-S) respectively yielded the best thrombolytic effect in the DVT and carotid arterial thrombus rat model, which was near to that of high-dose UK (200 U/g). These results revealed that the physical-matching brought by size adjustment optimized the penetration and retention of nano-delivery system in various thrombi, and eventually enabled specific and effective arteriovenous thrombolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is to study the difference of anti-collision performance between precast segmental piers and conventional monolithic reinforced concrete (RC) piers. A reduced scale model was used, and the dynamic responses of piers with different structures under impact were compared and analyzed. The nonlinear finite element (FE) model of pier impact was established and numerical simulation of the impact responses and the failure mode of piers was carried out. The research results indicated that under impact, the failure mode of monolithic pier is tension bending failure, and for the segmental piers, the shear slip and concrete crushing in the impact segment occur mainly. The test results also indicated that the segmental piers are more flexible than monolithic piers, which leads to the peak impact force of the segmental pier reduced by 21.25% and 6.55%, respectively, under the impact of rigid head and ship bow compared to that on the monolithic pier. The study also found that segmented piers have better deformation capability and less residual displacement, but fail to show good self-reset capability. The results of FE calculation match well with the test results, which verifies the applicability and reliability of the FE model used in this paper. • The horizontal impact tests were performed to compare the resistance capacity of precast segmental pier and monolithic pier. • Rigid head and ship bow collision on piers were considered respectively. • A detailed numerical model of the precast segmental column is generated and validated with testing data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tracking and positioning of transmission lines is a key element for UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) to achieve autonomous inspection of transmission lines. Current methods are vulnerable to weather and environmental factors, have high costs, and have difficulties in data processing. Therefore, this paper proposes a transmission line tracking and localization method based on the electric field sensor array, which calculates the current UAV's heading angle deflection angle, the distance between the transmission line and the UAV, and the elevation angle, providing a new idea to solve the problem of UAV inspection of transmission lines. At the same time, the electric field distribution of different arrangements of three-phase transmission lines was analyzed using COMSOL to determine the flight area of the UAV. By comparing the electric field distribution of the UAV flight area and single-phase transmission lines, it was verified that the current method is also applicable in the three-phase transmission line scenario, and it was further verified that the sensor array used can sense the change of the UAV position in the flight area, indicating that the electric field sensor array can realize the transmission line tracking and localization of transmission lines. The experimental results showed that, in the three-phase transmission line scenario, when the sensor array moves along the transmission straight wire, the maximum absolute error of the heading angle deflection angle calculated according to this method was 8.2°, the maximum absolute error of the distance between the array and the transmission line was 19.3 cm, and the maximum absolute error of the elevation angle was 11.37°; the error was within a reasonable range and can be used for the UAV to realize autonomous inspection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]