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整流站采用二极管整流器能够提升远距离大容量海上风电直流送出系统的经济性和可靠性。提出了基于24脉动二极管整流器的海上风电并网系统中交流滤波器的优化配置方法。首先，明确了基于24脉动二极管整流器的海上风电送出系统结构，阐述了24脉动二极管整流器的基本原理。然后，计算了24脉动二极管整流器的无功功率需求，对于24脉动二极管整流器，可以将设计复杂的交流滤波器简化为电容器，通过对有功功率变化范围内不同容量电容器滤波效果进行扫描，提出了综合考虑滤波效果和滤波器容量的交流滤波器无功容量优化方法。最后，在PSCAD/EMTDC中对基于24脉动二极管整流器的海上风电送出测试系统进行了谐波分析和交流滤波器优化设计。

酸价（acid value, AV）指示油脂中游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid, FFA)含量，是油脂和含油食品最重要的质量指标和安全指标之一。针对现行AV测定标准的酸碱中和滴定技术的共性与非特异性的局限，旨在给复杂基质样品的特异性定量FFA或AV提供新思路，综述了最具代表性的FFA特异性检测技术——铜皂络合比色法的近70年的研究进展。阐述了有机相溶解液的毒性与显色强度之间的矛盾化解历程、铜盐-吡啶水相染色液的演化史、FFA的铜皂络合物结构解析过程，以及从pH调控的经典络合显色理论到以吡啶与铜离子摩尔比为核心的络合显色理论的新发展。吡啶与铜离子摩尔比为\[1，3）的络合显色理论、具有增强显色强度和抑制乳化作用的乙酸盐-乙酸缓冲体系的中性染色液、低毒性溶剂替代传统高毒性苯的有机相溶解液，这三大创新使经典铜皂络合比色法突破了长期存在的试剂毒性与显色稳定性等瓶颈，成为复杂基质样品的特异性定量FFA或AV的理想方法。 Acid value(AV) indicates the content of free fatty acids(FFA) in oils and fats, which is one of the most important quality and safety indicators of oils and fats and oily foodstuffs. In view of the commonness and non-specificity limitations of the current acid-base neutralization titration techniques for AV determination standards, a new idea for the specific quantification of FFA or AV in complex matrix samples is aimed to offer. The research progress of cupric acetate-pyridine complexation colorimetry, the most representative technology for the specific determination of FFA in the nearly 70 years, was reviewed. The conflict resolution process between the toxicity of organic phase solution and color intensity, the evolution history of cupric acetate-pyridine colorimetric aqueous phase dyeing solution, the structure analysis process of cupric acetate-pyridine complex of FFA, and the new development of complexation color theory from the classical theory with pH regulation to the new theory with pyridine/copper ion mole ratio as the core were described. Pyridine/copper ions mole ratio \[1, 3) of the complexation color theory, acetate - acetic acid buffer′s neutral dyeing liquid with enhancement of color strength and inhibition of the emulsification, low toxic solvent instead of traditional high toxicity of benzene dissolved organic phase, three big innovation make the classic colorimetric method break through the bottleneck of toxicity and color stability etc., which is expected to be an ideal method for the specific quantification of FFA or AV in complex matrix samples.

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Ocean University is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Shanghai Ocean University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) of MRI has been applied in the international medical community for diagnosing prostate cancer. However, early detection and accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer remain challenging. At present, application of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is still limited in the PI-RADS scoring system despite its importance as a pivotal sequence. The limitations stem from the conventional DWI’s reliance on long diffusion times, which restrict its detection capabilities to approximately one cell diameter. This limitation results in an assessment of overall tissue diffusion restriction, rather than detailing the micropathological changes within prostate lesions at the intracellular spatial scale. Overcoming this limitation could enhance the early diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer. In recent years, a novel diffusion MRI technique known as time-dependent diffusion MRI (td-dMRI), has garnered significant interest. Td-dMRI combines oscillating gradient spin echo and pulsed gradient spin echo and utilizes imaging microstructural parameters with limited spectrally edited diffusion model, which is capable of capturing diffusion signals over both short and long diffusion timescales to characterize tissue microstructural changes. It has demonstrated remarkable application potential in the diagnosis and therapeutic realms of various diseases. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of td-dMRI, and discusses its technical principles, advantages, clinical application value, and the challenges it faces in the context of prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Specifically, we will explore its potential for early detection, diagnosis, and management of clinically significant prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To investigate the effects of the new type middle east Lüjuneng compound fertilizer on the yield, root characteristics and nitrogen absorption and utilization of Wuyunjing 23 rice, the experiments were designed under pot cultivation and field cultivation conditions. Compared with conventional compound fertilizer, the yield of Lüjuneng compound fertilizer was increased in pot experiment and field experiment. The higher the application amount or proportion, the greater the yield increase. The earlier the application, the better the yield increase. Field tests showed that MT5 and HT5 treatment had the best yield increase effect. The increase of yield was mainly due to the significant increase of ear number. The average nitrogen accumulation in maturity stage was increased by 24.9%, and the average nitrogen accumulation in contrast, application and application period was increased by 30.03%, 23.66% and 20.79%, respectively. With the increase of Lüjuneng application rate, nitrogen accumulation showed an increasing trend, and the effect of early application was obviously greater than that of late application. Nitrogen harvest index, nitrogen use rate, nitrogen agronomic use rate and nitrogen partial productivity were all promoted. With the increase of Lüjuneng application rate, the latter three indexes showed an increasing trend. At 30 days after planting, the number of adventitious roots per plant, total length of adventitious roots per plant, root dry weight per plant, total absorbed area and active absorbed area were lower, while the root activity per plant, longest root length and mode root length were higher. At heading stage, the above root characters were higher than control group (CK), but the root-shoot ratio was lower than CK. Root-shoot ratio at maturity was higher than that of CK. The application of Lüjuneng compound fertilizer significantly promoted the increase of ear number, yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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[Objective]To develop a novel DNA sequencing enzyme that addresses the main challenges faced by first-generation sequencing technology when dealing with complex DNA structure templates, such as interruption of sequencing signals or rapid signal decay. [Method]Taq DNA polymerase and single-strand binding protein SSB gene sequences were mined from the NCBI database, and a novel sequencing enzyme, Sso-Sequenase, was obtained using genetic fusion, site-directed mutagenesis, and gene design techniques. The purified sequencing enzyme was obtained through affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. The performance of Sso-Sequenase was improved using antibody modification technology, and its hot start performance was characterized using STR technology. A variety of complex templates were selected, and the sequencing performance of the Sso-Sequenase sequencing enzyme kit was compared with the traditional BigDye sequencing kit using Sanger sequencing.[Result]Sso-Sequenase was stably expressed in Escherichia coli, with a purity of over 95% and a yield of up to 10.5 mg/L. When the temperature was below 35℃, Sso-Sequenase demonstrated hot-start activity. In first-generation sequencing reactions with complex templates, such as those with repetitive sequences, high GC content, and hairpin structures, Sso-Sequenase successfully completed sequencing for all samples, with an average base quality value QV > 20. In contrast, the BigDye sequencing kit experienced significant signal decay or interruption when processing these complex samples.[Conclusion]A DNA sequencing enzyme, Sso-Sequenase, has been developed to possess exceptional purity, remarkable yield, and hot-start activity. These advancements have significantly bolstered the sequencing success rate for intricate DNA templates, including those characterized by repetitive sequences, high GC content, and hairpin structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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