92 results on '"Heung Yong Jin"'
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2. Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2022
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Eun-Sun Jin, Jee-Seon Shim, Sung Eun Kim, Jae Hyun Bae, Shinae Kang, Jong Chul Won, Min-Jeong Shin, Heung Yong Jin, Jenny Moon, Hokyou Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, and In-Kyung Jeong
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cholesterol ,disease management ,dyslipidemias ,health behavior ,prevalence ,republic of korea ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and status of dyslipidemia management among South Korean adults, as performed by the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis under the name Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet 2022. Methods We analyzed the lipid profiles, age-standardized and crude prevalence, management status of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia, and health behaviors among Korean adults aged ≥20 years, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2007 and 2020. Results In South Korea, the crude prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or use of a lipid-lowering drug) in 2020 was 24%, and the age-standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemia more than doubled from 2007 to 2020. The crude treatment rate was 55.2%, and the control rate was 47.7%. The crude prevalence of dyslipidemia—more than one out of three conditions (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥160 or the use of a lipid-lowering drug, triglycerides ≥200, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] [men and women]
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- 2023
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3. Influence of Glucose Fluctuation on Peripheral Nerve Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Yu Ji Kim, Na Young Lee, Kyung Ae Lee, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
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diabetes mellitus ,diabetic neuropathies ,insulin ,peripheral nerves ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background It is unclear whether glycemic variability (GV) is a risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and whether control of GV is beneficial for DPN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of GV on peripheral nerve damage by inducing glucose fluctuation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Rats were divided into four groups: normal (normal glucose group [NOR]), diabetes without treatment (sustained severe hyperglycemia group; diabetes mellitus [DM]), diabetes+once daily insulin glargine (stable hyperglycemia group; DM+LAN), and diabetes+once daily insulin glargine with twice daily insulin glulisine (unstable glucose fluctuation group; DM+Lantus [LAN]+Apidra [API]). We measured anti-oxidant enzyme levels and behavioral responses against tactile, thermal, and pressure stimuli in the plasma of rats. We also performed a quantitative comparison of cutaneous and sciatic nerves according to glucose fluctuation. Results At week 24, intraepidermal nerve fiber density was less reduced in the insulin-administered groups compared to the DM group (P0.05; 16.2±1.6, 12.4±2.0, 14.3±0.9, and 13.9±0.6 for NOR, DM, DM+LAN, and DM+LAN+API, respectively). The DM group exhibited significantly decreased glutathione levels compared to the insulin-administered groups (2.64±0.10 μmol/mL, DM+LAN; 1.93±0.0 μmol/mL, DM+LAN+API vs. 1.25±0.04 μmol/mL, DM; P
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- 2022
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4. Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Quadruple Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study
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Jun Sung Moon, Sunghwan Suh, Sang Soo Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Jeong Mi Kim, Min Hee Jang, Kyung Ae Lee, Ju Hyung Lee, Seung Min Chung, Young Sang Lyu, Jin Hwa Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Jung Eun Jang, Tae Nyun Kim, Sung Woo Kim, Eonju Jeon, Nan Hee Cho, Mi-Kyung Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Eun Sook Kim, Jin Ook Chung, Dong-Hyeok Cho, Chang Won Lee, Young Il Kim, Dong Jin Chung, Kyu Chang Won, In Joo Kim, Tae Sun Park, Duk Kyu Kim, and Hosang Shon
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diabetes mellitus, type 2 ,drug therapy, combination ,hypoglycemic agents ,injections ,insulin ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background Only few studies have shown the efficacy and safety of glucose-control strategies using the quadruple drug combination. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the quadruple combination therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From March 2014 to December 2018, data of patients with T2DM, who were treated with quadruple hypoglycemic medications for over 12 months in 11 hospitals in South Korea, were reviewed retrospectively. We compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and 12 months after quadruple treatment with OHAs. The safety, maintenance rate, and therapeutic patterns after failure of the quadruple therapy were also evaluated. Results In total, 357 patients were enrolled for quadruple OHA therapy, and the baseline HbA1c level was 9.0%±1.3% (74.9±14.1 mmol/mol). After 12 months, 270 patients (75.6%) adhered to the quadruple therapy and HbA1c was significantly reduced from 8.9%±1.2% to 7.8%±1.3% (mean change, −1.1%±1.2%; P
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- 2021
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5. A rare case of acute transient thyroid swelling without hematoma after fine needle aspiration
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Young Ki Kim, In Sun Goak, Yu Ji Kim, Heung Yong Jin, and Kyung Ae Lee
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Medicine - Published
- 2022
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6. Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Quadruple Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study ( 2021;45:675-83)
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Jun Sung Moon, Sunghwan Suh, Sang Soo Kim, and Heung Yong Jin
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Published
- 2022
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7. Medical Treatment with Somatostatin Analogues in Acromegaly: Position Statement
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Sang Ouk Chin, Cheol Ryong Ku, Byung Joon Kim, Sung-Woon Kim, Kyeong Hye Park, Kee Ho Song, Seungjoon Oh, Hyun Koo Yoon, Eun Jig Lee, Jung Min Lee, Jung Soo Lim, Jung Hee Kim, Kwang Joon Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Dae Jung Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Seong-Su Moon, Dong Jun Lim, Dong Yeob Shin, Se Hwa Kim, Min Jeong Kwon, Ha Young Kim, Jin Hwa Kim, Dong Sun Kim, and Chong Hwa Kim
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Acromegaly ,Somatostatin analogues ,Octreotide ,Lanreotide ,Pasireotide ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
The Korean Endocrine Society (KES) published clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acromegaly in 2011. Since then, the number of acromegaly cases, publications on studies addressing medical treatment of acromegaly, and demands for improvements in insurance coverage have been dramatically increasing. In 2017, the KES Committee of Health Insurance decided to publish a position statement regarding the use of somatostatin analogues in acromegaly. Accordingly, consensus opinions for the position statement were collected after intensive review of the relevant literature and discussions among experts affiliated with the KES, and the Korean Neuroendocrine Study Group. This position statement includes the characteristics, indications, dose, interval (including extended dose interval in case of lanreotide autogel), switching and preoperative use of somatostatin analogues in medical treatment of acromegaly. The recommended approach is based on the expert opinions in case of insufficient clinical evidence, and where discrepancies among the expert opinions were found, the experts voted to determine the recommended approach.
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- 2019
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8. Lost in Translation? Measuring Diabetic Neuropathy in Humans and Animals (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:27-42)
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Heung Yong Jin, Seong-Su Moon, and Nigel A. Calcutt
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Published
- 2021
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9. Effect of Empagliflozin, a Selective Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor, on Kidney and Peripheral Nerves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Na Young Lee, Yu Ji Kim, and Tae Sun Park
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Diabetes mellitus, experimental ,Diabetic nephropathies ,Diabetic neuropathies ,Peripheral nerves ,Sodium-glucose transporter 2 ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on peripheral nerves and kidneys in diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of empagliflozin in diabetic rats. DM in rats was induced by streptozotocin injection, and diabetic rats were treated with empagliflozin 3 or 10 mg/kg. Following 24-week treatment, response thresholds to four different stimuli were tested and found to be lower in diabetic rats than in normal rats. Empagliflozin significantly prevented hypersensitivity (P
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- 2018
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10. Morphologic Comparison of Peripheral Nerves in Adipocyte Tissue from Diabetic versus Normal Mice
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Kyung Ae Lee, Na Young Lee, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
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Adipose tissue ,Diabetes mellitus ,Neuropathy ,Peripheral nerves ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Present study investigated the morphologic changes of autonomic nerves in the adipose tissue in diabetic animal model. Male obese type 2 diabetic db/db mice and age matched non-diabetic db/m control mice were used. Epididymal adipose tissue from diabetic db/db mice with that from control heterozygous db/m mice was compared using confocal microscopy-based method to visualize intact whole adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry with tyrosine hydroxylase for sympathetic (SP), choline acetyltransferase for parasympathetic (PSP), and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) for whole autonomic nerves was performed. The quantity of immunostained portion of SP, PSP, and PGP 9.5 stained nerve fibers showed decreased trend in diabetic group; however, the ratio of SP/PSP of adipose tissue was higher in diabetic group compared with control group as follows (0.70±0.30 vs. 0.95±0.25, P
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- 2018
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11. Primary hyperaldosteronism: a rare cause of acute aortic dissection
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Heung Yong Jin and Kyung Ae Lee
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Medicine - Published
- 2021
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12. The Degree of Hyperglycemia Excursion in Patients of Kidney Transplantation (KT) or Liver Transplantation (LT) Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): Pilot Study
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Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Yu Ji Kim, Tae Sun Park, Sik Lee, Sung Kwang Park, Hong Pil Hwang, Jae Do Yang, Sung-Woo Ahn, and Hee Chul Yu
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Objective. This study used a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to investigate the glucose profiles and assess the degree of hyperglycemic excursion after kidney or liver transplantation during the early period after operation. Methods. Patients to whom a CGMS was attached during a postoperative period of approximately one month after transplantation were included. The CGM data of 31 patients including 24 with kidney transplantation (KT) and seven with liver transplantation (LT) were analyzed. Results. Hyperglycemia over 126 mg/dL (fasting) or 200 g/dL (postprandial) occurred in 42.1% (8/19) and 16.7% (1/6) of KT and LT patients, respectively, during this early period after transplantation, except for patients with preexisting diabetes (5 KT, 1 LT). The average mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and mean absolute glucose (MAG) levels were 91.18±26.51 vs. 65.66±22.55 (P
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- 2019
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13. Morphologic Changes in Autonomic Nerves in Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy
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Heung Yong Jin, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
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Autonomic neuropathy ,Autonomic pathways ,Diabetes ,Morphology ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes, and it increases morbidity and mortality in patients with both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because the autonomic nervous system, for example, parasympathetic axons, has a diffuse and wide distribution, we do not know the morphological changes that occur in autonomic neural control and their exact mechanisms in diabetic patients with diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN). Although the prevalence of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuropathy is similar in T1DM versus T2DM patients, sympathetic nerve function correlates with parasympathetic neuropathy only in T1DM patients. The explanation for these discrepancies might be that parasympathetic nerve function was more severely affected among T2DM patients. As parasympathetic nerve damage seems to be more advanced than sympathetic nerve damage, it might be that parasympathetic neuropathy precedes sympathetic neuropathy in T2DM, which was Ewing's concept. This could be explained by the intrinsic morphologic difference. Therefore, the morphological changes in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves of involved organs in T1DM and T2DM patients who have DAN should be evaluated. In this review, evaluation methods for morphological changes in the epidermal nerves of skin, and the intrinsic nerves of the stomach will be discussed.
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- 2015
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14. The Relationship between Anemia and the Initiation of Dialysis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy
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Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
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Anemia ,Diabetes ,Dialysis ,Nephropathy ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundAnemia is associated with various poor clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia and the initiation degree and time of dialysis in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients.MethodsThis observational retrospective study included 130 type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients in Korea. The existence of anemia, the degree and time of dialysis initiation were reviewed. Clinical characteristics and variables were also compared.ResultsThe levels of hemoglobin and serum creatinine were significantly correlated with the dialysis initiation (P
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- 2015
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15. Relationship between the Korean Version Survey of the Autonomic Symptoms Score and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
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Autonomic neuropathy ,Diabetes ,Survey of autonomic symptom scale ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundThe Survey of Autonomic Symptom (SAS) scale was reported as an easy instrument to assess the autonomic symptoms in patients with early diabetic neuropathy. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the SAS scale and the parameters of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in Korean patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).MethodsThe SAS scale was tested in 30 healthy controls and 73 patients with DPN at Chonbuk National University Hospital, in Korea. The SAS score was compared to the parameters of the CAN test and the total symptom score (TSS) for DPN in patients with DPN.ResultsThe SAS symptom score and total impact score were increased in patients with DPN compared to the control group (P=0.01), particularly in sudomotor dysfunction (P=0.01), and vasomotor dysfunction (P=0.01). The SAS score was increased in patients with CAN compared to patients without CAN (P
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- 2014
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16. Influence of Glucose Fluctuation on Peripheral Nerve Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Kyung Ae Lee, Na Young Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Yu Ji Kim, and Tae Sun Park
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diabetic neuropathies ,Insulin glulisine ,insulin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Nerve fiber ,Streptozocin ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Animals ,Glycemic ,business.industry ,Insulin glargine ,Insulin ,RC648-665 ,medicine.disease ,Streptozotocin ,Sciatic Nerve ,Rats ,peripheral nerves ,Glucose ,Endocrinology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,diabetes mellitus ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether glycemic variability (GV) is a risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and whether control of GV is beneficial for DPN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of GV on peripheral nerve damage by inducing glucose fluctuation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Rats were divided into four groups: normal (normal glucose group [NOR]), diabetes without treatment (sustained severe hyperglycemia group; diabetes mellitus [DM]), diabetes+once daily insulin glargine (stable hyperglycemia group; DM+LAN), and diabetes+once daily insulin glargine with twice daily insulin glulisine (unstable glucose fluctuation group; DM+Lantus [LAN]+Apidra [API]). We measured anti-oxidant enzyme levels and behavioral responses against tactile, thermal, and pressure stimuli in the plasma of rats. We also performed a quantitative comparison of cutaneous and sciatic nerves according to glucose fluctuation.Results: At week 24, intraepidermal nerve fiber density was less reduced in the insulin-administered groups compared to the DM group (P0.05; 16.2±1.6, 12.4±2.0, 14.3±0.9, and 13.9±0.6 for NOR, DM, DM+LAN, and DM+LAN+API, respectively). The DM group exhibited significantly decreased glutathione levels compared to the insulin-administered groups (2.64±0.10 μmol/mL, DM+LAN; 1.93±0.0 μmol/mL, DM+LAN+API vs. 1.25±0.04 μmol/mL, DM; P
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- 2022
17. Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Quadruple Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study
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Dong Jin Chung, Young Sang Lyu, Tae Sun Park, In Joo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Young Il Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Eonju Jeon, Ju Hyung Lee, Eun Sook Kim, Seung Min Chung, Sang Soo Kim, Sung Woo Kim, Jung Eun Jang, Tae Nyun Kim, Jin Ook Chung, Nan Hee Cho, Sunghwan Suh, Kyu Chang Won, Chang Won Lee, Duk Kyu Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Jeong Mi Kim, Hosang Shon, Min Hee Jang, Sang Yong Kim, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Dong Hyeok Cho, Kyung Ae Lee, Jin Hwa Kim, and Mi-Kyung Kim
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Blood Glucose ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Combination therapy ,Drug/Regimen ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Drug therapy, combination ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Injections ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Insulin ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Retrospective Studies ,media_common ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Retrospective cohort study ,RC648-665 ,medicine.disease ,Regimen ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Oral hypoglycemic agents ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
Background Only few studies have shown the efficacy and safety of glucose-control strategies using the quadruple drug combination. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the quadruple combination therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From March 2014 to December 2018, data of patients with T2DM, who were treated with quadruple hypoglycemic medications for over 12 months in 11 hospitals in South Korea, were reviewed retrospectively. We compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and 12 months after quadruple treatment with OHAs. The safety, maintenance rate, and therapeutic patterns after failure of the quadruple therapy were also evaluated. Results In total, 357 patients were enrolled for quadruple OHA therapy, and the baseline HbA1c level was 9.0%±1.3% (74.9±14.1 mmol/mol). After 12 months, 270 patients (75.6%) adhered to the quadruple therapy and HbA1c was significantly reduced from 8.9%±1.2% to 7.8%±1.3% (mean change, −1.1%±1.2%; P
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- 2021
18. Thyrotoxicosis after COVID-19 vaccination: seven case reports and a literature review
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, and Yu Ji Kim
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Vaccination ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,business - Published
- 2021
19. Primary aldosteronism presenting as embolic myocardial infarction
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Hye Won, Lee, Yu Ji, Kim, Heung Yong, Jin, and Kyung Ae, Lee
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Hyperaldosteronism ,Adrenal Glands ,Hypertension ,Embolism ,Myocardial Infarction ,Humans ,Female ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Middle Aged ,Aldosterone - Abstract
Primary aldosteronism is now recognized as the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Increasing evidence has demonstrated increased cardiovascular events in primary aldosteronism patients. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are the most common cardiovascular complications occurring in these patients, and a few cases of coronary artery disease have been reported. Herein, we report a rare case of primary aldosteronism in a patient who presented with myocardial infarction associated with coronary embolism.A 52-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of chest pain. ST-segment elevation was observed on an electrocardiogram. Although no significant stenosis was observed, embolization of the far distal left anterior descending artery was noticed on angiography. Blood test results revealed hypokalemia and increased aldosterone-renin ratio. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an adenoma in the left adrenal gland. After adrenalectomy, the serum potassium level normalized, and blood pressure was well controlled.Primary aldosteronism must be considered in patients who have had various cardiovascular diseases, including embolisms and situations in which the discrimination of secondary hypertension is necessary.
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- 2021
20. Treatment Patterns of Type 2 Diabetes Assessed Using a Common Data Model Based on Electronic Health Records of 2000-2019
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Kyung Ae Lee, Eun Young Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Yong-Jin Im, Tae Sun Park, and Yu Ji Kim
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Databases, Factual ,Common Data Model ,Type 2 diabetes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Young Adult ,Diabetes management ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Electronic Health Records ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Medical prescription ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ,Glycemic ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Sulfonylurea Compounds ,chemistry ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Endocrinology, Nutrition & Metabolism ,Observational study ,Female ,Original Article ,Glycated hemoglobin ,business ,medicine.drug ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
Background Real-world data analysis is useful for identifying treatment patterns. Understanding drug prescription patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus may facilitate diabetes management. We aimed to analyze treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus using Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model based on electronic health records. Methods This retrospective, observational study employed electronic health records of patients who visited Jeonbuk National University Hospital in Korea during January 2000–December 2019. Data were transformed into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model and analyzed using R version 4.0.3 and ATLAS ver. 2.7.6. Prescription frequency for each anti-diabetic drug, combination therapy pattern, and prescription pattern according to age, renal function, and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed. Results The number of adults treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus increased from 1,867 (2.0%) in 2000 to 9,972 (5.9%) in 2019. In the early 2000s, sulfonylurea was most commonly prescribed (73%), and in the recent years, metformin has been most commonly prescribed (64%). Prescription rates for DPP4 and SGLT2 inhibitors have increased gradually over the past few years. Monotherapy prescription rates decreased, whereas triple and quadruple combination prescription rates increased steadily. Different drug prescription patterns according to age, renal function, and glycated hemoglobin were observed. The proportion of patients with HbA1c ≤ 7% increased from 31.1% in 2000 to 45.6% in 2019, but that of patients visiting the emergency room for severe hypoglycemia did not change over time. Conclusion Medication utilization patterns have changed significantly over the past 20 years with an increase in the use of newer drugs and a shift to combination therapies. In addition, various prescription patterns were demonstrated according to the patient characteristics in actual practice. Although glycemic control has improved, the proportion within the target is still low, underscoring the need to improve diabetes management., Graphical Abstract
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- 2021
21. 1096-P: Analysis of Medication Use in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea Using a Common Data Model Based on the Claim Data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service
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Kyung Ae Lee, Yu Ji Kim, Taesun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
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Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Health insurance ,Observational study ,Medical prescription ,business ,Dyslipidemia ,medicine.drug ,media_common - Abstract
Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics is an international collaboration created an international data network of researchers (Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model, OMOP-CDM). This retrospective, observational study was aim to analyze treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using HIRA national patient sample (NPS) from 2012 to 2017 transformed into OMOP-CDM. ATLAS ver. 2.7.6, an OHDSI’s open-source software is publicly available, was used for analysis. HIRA-NPS contain about 1.4 million patients. The proportion of adult patients treated for T2DM increased from 78,581 (5.5%) in 2012 to 101,710 (7.0%) in 2017. Ages 50-69 were the most common (47.7% in 2017), and T2DM was most noticeably increased from 28.7% to 44.9% among those aged 70 and over for 5 years. Metformin was the most prescribed drug (82.8%) followed by sulfornylurea (SU) (62.4%), DPP-4 inhibitor (29.5%) in 2012. In 2017, metformin was still the most prescribed (87.0%), and DPP-4 inhibitor prescription increased rapidly up to 62.7%, while the SU prescription rate decreased to 46.5%. Prescription of the most recently approved SGLT2 inhibitors also continued to increase, reaching 7.2% in 2017. The rate of insulin prescription decreased from 20.2% to 17.5%. Over time, mono and dual therapy decreased while triple and quadruple combinations steadily increased. Dual combination was the most common with metformin and DPP-4 inhibitor, triple combination was the most with metformin, SU, and DPP-4 inhibitor in 2017. Drug prescriptions for hypertension remained unchanged from 71.2% in 2012 to 70.0% in 2017, while prescriptions for dyslipidemia increased from 50.7% in 2012 to 68.4% in 2017. Antiplatelet drugs prescriptions decreased slightly from 47.3% to 42.6%. T2DM is constantly increasing, and medication utilization patterns have changed significantly over the past 5 years with a shift towards newer drugs. Disclosure K. Lee: None. H. Jin: None. Y. Kim: None. T. Park: None.
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- 2021
22. Non-surgically treated case of nonfunctioning ruptured adrenal adenoma in a patient on hemodialysis
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Heung Yong Jin and Kyung Ae Lee
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,End stage renal disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Hematoma ,Renal Dialysis ,medicine ,Humans ,Adrenal adenoma ,Retroperitoneal Space ,Embolization ,Retroperitoneal hemorrhage ,Aged ,Rupture, Spontaneous ,business.industry ,Adrenalectomy ,medicine.disease ,Embolization, Therapeutic ,Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ,Abdominal Pain ,Surgery ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Adrenocortical Adenoma ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Hemodialysis ,medicine.symptom ,Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ,business - Abstract
Herein, we report a case of rupture of nonfunctional adrenal adenoma treated by nonsurgical supportive management due to high risk for operation. A patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who was on hemodialysis visited our emergency room and complained of a sudden abdominal pain after a fall. A retroperitoneal hemorrhage with hematoma formation around the adrenal adenoma, which was caused by rupture of the adrenal adenoma, was detected by abdominal computed tomography (CT). Supportive management was performed, with serial CT follow-up instead of surgical adrenalectomy treatment because of high operative risk, due to hemodialysis. After 1 week, the patient’s vital signs stabilized and the patient did not further complain about abdominal symptoms. However, supportive embolization was performed and the size of hematoma was more decreased. We report a case of a patient on hemodialysis who experienced a rupture of a nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma, which was caused by low-energy trauma. The patient’s conditions improved with nonsurgical supportive management including embolization. Physicians should consider both surgical and nonsurgical management for the rupture of adrenal adenomas, depending on the patient situation. Therefore, nonsurgical supportive management such as embolization can be one therapeutic option for treating nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma rupture caused by low-energy trauma in a patient who has risks for operation due to combined comorbidities.
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- 2019
23. Lost in Translation? Measuring Diabetic Neuropathy in Humans and Animals
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Heung Yong Jin, Seong-Su Moon, and Nigel A. Calcutt
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Diabetic neuropathy ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Review ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Neurodegenerative ,Autoimmune Disease ,Cornea ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Nerve Fibers ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Models ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Animals ,Humans ,animal ,Intensive care medicine ,Peripheral Neuropathy ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Skin ,Microscopy ,5.2 Cellular and gene therapies ,business.industry ,Clinical study design ,Pain Research ,Diabetes ,Neurosciences ,Microscopy, confocal ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,Electrophysiology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Models, animal ,confocal ,Neurological ,Neuralgia ,Quality of Life ,Peripheral nervous system ,Chronic Pain ,Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Complication ,business ,Diabetic neuropathies - Abstract
The worldwide diabetes epidemic is estimated to currently afflict almost 500 million persons. Long-term diabetes damages multi ple organ systems with the blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nervous systems being particularly vulnerable. These complications of diabetes reduce lifespan, impede quality of life and impose a huge social and economic burden on both the individual and society. Peripheral neuropathy is a debilitating complication that will impact over half of all persons with diabetes. There is no treatment for diabetic neuropathy and a disturbingly long history of therapeutic approaches showing promise in preclinical studies but fail ing to translate to the clinic. These failures have prompted re-examination of both the animal models and clinical trial design. This review focuses on the functional and structural parameters used as indices of peripheral neuropathy in preclinical and clinical studies and the extent to which they share a common pathogenesis and presentation. Nerve conduction studies in large myelinat ed fibers have long been the mainstay of preclinical efficacy screening programs and clinical trials, supplemented by quantitative sensory tests. However, a more refined approach is emerging that incorporates measures of small fiber density in the skin and cornea alongside these traditional assays at both preclinical and clinical phases.
- Published
- 2021
24. Common Salivary Protein 1 in Saliva of Diabetes Patients (II)
- Author
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HongTao Wang, Heung Yong Jin, Sang Wook Oh, Jae Cheol Kim, and Linlin Zhang
- Subjects
Adult ,Saliva ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Salivary gland ,Receiver operating characteristic ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Area under the curve ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Gold standard (test) ,medicine.disease ,Monoclonal antibody ,Gastroenterology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Immunohistochemistry ,Humans ,Salivary Proteins and Peptides ,business - Abstract
Background Human common salivary protein 1 (CSP1) is one of a variety of molecules in saliva but its function remains to be determined. The gold standard method for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) is to check levels of glucose or HbA1C in plasma or serum. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Salivary CSP1 concentration would be useful alternative for DM diagnosis. Methods The qualities of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to recombinant human CSP1 (rhCSP1) were tested by western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry. A sandwich ELISA was fabricated with the qualified capture and detector mAbs for measurement of CSP1 level in saliva. CSP1 levels of healthy adults and DM patients were measured by the sandwich ELISA and their results were statistically analyzed by Student's t-test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Results The tested mAbs recognized a 27-kDa CSP1 of saliva in WB and stained only a salivary gland in immunohistochemistry. Pearson's correlation coefficient with standard curve between OD450nm value vs. CSP level showed good linearity (r2 = 0.995). The median values (25th to 75th percentiles) of saliva CSP1 in 10 healthy adults and 18 DM patients using the sandwich ELISA were 3.92 µg/mL (3.15 - 4.02) and 4.35 µg/mL (3.94 - 5.11), respectively. Statistically, there was a significant difference of CSP1 level in two groups (p = 0.026). The sensitivity value of CSP1 was 64.71 while the specificity value was 88.89 with 0.784 of AUC (p = 0.003). These results suggested that the fabricated sandwich ELISA was a good diagnostic test tool for discriminating DM patients from healthy individuals. Conclusions The present data showed a significant increase of CSP1 levels for DM patients compared with control group, indicating that CSP1 level in saliva could be used as a potential biomarker of detection or screening of DM patients. However, further studies are necessary to provide scientific and clinical validation.
- Published
- 2020
25. Real-world comparison of mono and dual combination therapies of metformin, sulfonylurea, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors using a common data model
- Author
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Kyung Ae, Lee, Heung Yong, Jin, Yu Ji, Kim, Sang Soo, Kim, Eun-Hee, Cho, and Tae Sun, Park
- Subjects
Adult ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Male ,Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ,General Medicine ,Hypoglycemia ,Metformin ,Sulfonylurea Compounds ,Treatment Outcome ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
The comparative effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents on glycemic control and chronic complications in clinical practice is unknown in Korea. This study aimed to compare glycemic control and the incidence of hypoglycemia and chronic complications among adult patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed metformin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I), and sulfonylurea (SU) as monotherapy or dual combination therapy.We retrospectively analyzed propensity-matched cohort data from 3 national university hospitals in Korea. All electronic health records were transformed into a unified Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model and analyzed using ATLAS, an open-source analytical tool, and R software. Glycemic control was assessed as the first observation of a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level below 7% after prescription of the drug. Differences in the incidence of chronic complications were compared based on the first observation of each complication. Glycemic control and chronic complications were evaluated in patients who maintained the same prescription for at least 3 and 12 months, respectively.Patients who received metformin had lower hazard of reaching HbA1c levels below 7% as compared with those who received SU, and had higher hazard compared with those who received DPP4I (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-0.98; and HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.42-1.99, respectively). The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly higher in the SU group than in the metformin and DPP4I groups (metformin vs SU; HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.21-0.43; SU vs DPP4I; HR, 4.42; 95% CI, 2.35-8.31). Metformin + DPP4I had similar hazard of reaching HbA1c levels below 7% compared with metformin + SU (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.99-1.43) and the incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly lower in the metformin + DPP4I group (HR 0.13; 95% CI 0.05-0.30). There was no significant difference in the analysis of the occurrence of chronic complications.SU followed by metformin was effective, and both drugs showed an increased hazard of reaching HbA1c levels below 7% compared with DPP4I. Metformin + DPP4I is comparatively effective for HbA1c level reduction below 7% compared with metformin + SU. Hypoglycemia was high in the SU-containing therapy.
- Published
- 2022
26. The association between cardiac autonomic neuropathy and heart function in type 2 diabetic patients
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Tae Sun Park, Yu Ji Kim, and Ju Hyung Lee
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart Diseases ,Physiology ,Cardiomyopathy ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diabetes Complications ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Cardiac autonomic neuropathy ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Sensory Systems ,Autonomic Nervous System Diseases ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Echocardiography ,Heart failure ,Cardiology ,Female ,Complication ,business - Abstract
Aim: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common and important chronic complication in diabetic patients. Heart failure resulting from cardiomyopathy is also a lethal complication in diabetic pa...
- Published
- 2020
27. Non-glucose risk factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Type 2 diabetes ,Bioinformatics ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Risk Factors ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Metabolic Syndrome ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Pathophysiology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hyperglycemia ,Metabolic syndrome ,business ,Dyslipidemia - Abstract
In this review, we consider the diverse risk factors in diabetes patients beyond hyperglycemia that are being recognized as contributors to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Interest in such alternative mechanisms has been encouraged by the recognition that neuropathy occurs in subjects with metabolic syndrome and pre-diabetes and by the reporting of several large clinical studies that failed to show reduced prevalence of neuropathy after intensive glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Animal models of obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and other disorders common to both pre-diabetes and diabetes have been used to highlight a number of plausible pathogenic mechanisms that may either damage the nerve independent of hyperglycemia or augment the toxic potential of hyperglycemia. While pathogenic mechanisms stemming from hyperglycemia are likely to be significant contributors to DPN, future therapeutic strategies will require a more nuanced approach that considers a range of concurrent insults derived from the complex pathophysiology of diabetes beyond direct hyperglycemia.
- Published
- 2020
28. Rethinking the accuracy of 75 g glucose used in the oral glucose tolerance test in the diagnosis and management of diabetes
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Tae Sun Park, and Sun Hee Kim
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Calorie ,endocrine system diseases ,Glucose loading ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Clinical Decision-Making ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Body weight ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Oral glucose tolerance ,Clinical care ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Plasma glucose ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Reproducibility of Results ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Fasting ,Glucose Tolerance Test ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Life Pattern ,Female ,Energy Intake ,Family Practice ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Aims We investigated the specificity of the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the clinical usefulness of the 2 h post loading glucose (2 h PLG) value in the clinical care of diabetes patients. Methods The 75 g OGTT data of 1755 subjects were analyzed. The relationships and degrees of consistency among 2 h PLG, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and HbA1c values were assessed. We also investigated the degree of contribution of 2 h PLG in the prescription of glucose-lowering agents and in the pitfall group for use of 75 g OGTT. Results Among 595 subjects with normal FPG, only 329 (55.3%) showed normal 2 h PLG level, and 66 (11.1%) patients could be considered as having diabetes. Among 454 diabetes patients (based on FPG and HbA1c), 409(90.1%) showed 2 h PLG values in the range of diabetes, 45 (9.9%) subjects did not exhibit diabetes. Pitfall group who used 75 g OGTT for diagnosis diabetes (lower 2 h PLG value compared to fasting and upper 2 h PLG value compared to fasting) showed differences in body weight and height. Conclusions Based on OGTT results, around 10% patients cannot be diagnosed with diabetes based solely on the 2 h PLG value. Further studies on differences in glucose loading according to body weight, individual life pattern, and calorie requirement are needed for improvement of the specificity of the OGTT in the clinical management of diabetes.
- Published
- 2017
29. Metformin Preserves Peripheral Nerve Damage with Comparable Effects to Alpha Lipoic Acid in Streptozotocin/High-Fat Diet Induced Diabetic Rats (Diabetes Metab J 2020;44:842-53)
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Sun Hee Kim, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Alpha-Lipoic Acid ,High fat diet ,medicine.disease ,Streptozotocin ,Metformin ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug ,Peripheral nerve damage - Published
- 2021
30. Trends in Medication Utilization and Glycemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetes Using a Common Data Model Based on Electronic Health Records From 2000 to 2019
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Jang Hyeon Kim, Yuji Kim, Tae Sun Park, Seung Han Jeong, and Kyung Ae Lee
- Subjects
business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Control (management) ,Type 2 diabetes ,Health records ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Metabolism ,Type 2 Diabetes ,Text mining ,Environmental health ,medicine ,business ,AcademicSubjects/MED00250 ,Glycemic - Abstract
Analyzing the treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in real practice helps to understand the flow of diabetes management and establish further management plans. Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) is an international collaboration created an international data network (Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model, OMOP-CDM). This study was aim to analyze treatment patterns of T2DM using the OMOP-CDM based on electronic health record (EHR) data and to assess whether CDM analysis was feasible to diabetes research. This is a retrospective, observational study using the EHR data of Jeonbuk National University Hospital (JNUH) transformed into OMOP-CDM. The data consisted of medical records of patients visits from January 2000 to December 2019. ATLAS ver. 2.7.6, an OHDSI’s open-source software is publicly available, was used for analysis. The 20 year old EHR data of a JNUH contain about 1.5 million patients. The proportion of adult patients treated for T2DM increased from 1,867 (1.6%) in 2000 to 9,972 (5.1%) in 2019. Sulfonylurea (SU) was the most prescribed drug (73%) followed by metformin (55%) in 2000. On the other hand, in 2019, metformin was the most prescribed (64%), and DPP-4 inhibitor prescription increased rapidly up to 55%, while the SU prescription rate decreased to 36%. The rate of insulin treatment ranged from 16% to 24%, which is higher than national surveyed based on health insurance data. Over time, monotherapy decreased while dual, triple, and quadruple combinations steadily increased. Dual combination was the most common with metformin and DPP-4 inhibitor, triple combination was the most with metformin, SU, and DPP-4 inhibitor in 2019. In analysis of annual HbA1c trends, the proportion of patients with HbA1c of 7% or lower increased (from 32.8% 2000 to 50.2% in 2019). Proportion of patients with HbA1c of 9% or more decreased from 30% to 12%. However, it was found that about half of T2DM patients still had HbA1c values above the target range. In addition, the number of patients who visited our emergency room for severe hypoglycemia did not decrease. Present study revealed that CDM analysis was feasible for diabetes research. Medication utilization patterns have changed significantly over the past 20 years with a shift towards newer drugs. Despite these changes and clinical efforts, improvement in glycemic control is still a challenge and hypoglycemic is still a problem to overcome.
- Published
- 2021
31. A Rare Case of Sellar Mass Composed of Primary Leiomyosarcoma and Pituitary Adenoma
- Author
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Young Ki Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Tae Sun Park, Heung Yong Jin, Yu Ji Kim, and In Sun Goak
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Sellar mass ,medicine.disease ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary ,Pituitary adenoma ,Primary Leiomyosarcoma ,Rare case ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary Case Reports ,Medicine ,Radiology ,business ,AcademicSubjects/MED00250 - Abstract
Background: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are most common pituitary tumors, and primary pituitary gland malignancies are extremely rare. Most malignant pituitary gland lesions metastasize from other sites. Primary malignant lesions, such as sarcomas, usually develop after radiotherapy or chemotherapy for other diseases. We report a rare case of primary sellar leiomyosarcoma (LMS) without prior therapy that arose concurrently with a pituitary adenoma. Clinical Case: A 56-year-old woman with ptosis of the right eye, headache, and progressive visual deficits visited our neurosurgery department. She had no medical history besides hypertension. Twelve months ago, she was referred to us because of decreased visual acuity and a 3.5×3.6-cm-sized pituitary mass detected on brain MRI. Normal pituitary functions with mild hyperprolactinemia suggested a nonfunctioning pituitary mass with stalk compression. After transsphenoidal surgery, histopathology revealed a pituitary adenoma; MRI immediately post-surgery revealed no grossly remnant lesion. However, during the current visit, sellar MRI revealed a re-growing mass in the pituitary fossa extending to the sphenoid sinus and compressing the optic chiasm with a suprasellar extension. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed, and histopathology revealed a composite tumor, i.e., a mesenchymal tumor with a pituitary adenoma. On immunohistochemical staining, smooth muscle actin, synaptophysin, and chromagranin were positive; tumor cell mitosis was observed at 7/10 high-power fields. Finally, a composite tumor of myxoid leiomyosarcoma and pituitary adenoma was diagnosed. Hence, systemic chemotherapy with radiotherapy was planned for the remnant lesion. Hormonal replacement therapy with hydrocortisone and thyroxine was also started for subsequent hypopituitarism. Conclusion: NFPA is benign and has good prognosis if it is not grow in size or is completely resected. Conversely, primary sarcomas, such as LMS, show rapid extension and aggressive local invasion. Although their incidence is extremely rare, few primary pituitary sarcoma cases with or without pituitary adenoma have been reported. In the former case, initial diagnosis of pituitary adenoma may lead to delayed diagnosis of combined malignant lesions. Thus, clinicians should consider this possibility and high index of suspicion is required when diagnosing a pituitary mass.
- Published
- 2021
32. Metformin Preserves Peripheral Nerve Damage with Comparable Effects to Alpha Lipoic Acid in Streptozotocin/High-Fat Diet Induced Diabetic Rats (Diabetes Metab J 2020;44:842-53)
- Author
-
Heung Yong Jin, Sun Hee Kim, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Letter ,Drug/Regimen ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Nerve fiber ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diet, High-Fat ,Streptozocin ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Animals ,Vitamin B12 ,Peripheral Nerves ,Thioctic Acid ,business.industry ,Response ,Streptozotocin ,medicine.disease ,Sciatic Nerve ,Metformin ,Peripheral ,Rats ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Original Article ,Sciatic nerve ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Metformin is widely marketed medication for the treatment of diabetes, but its pharmacological effect on diabetic peripheral neuropathy remains unclear. In this study, the effect of metformin on peripheral nerves in diabetic rats was investigat ed using diverse neuronal parameters of nerve fibers. Methods: Rats were assigned to one of four groups (n=7 to 10 per group): normal, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM+metformin (100 mg/kg), and DM+alpha lipoic acid (ALA, 100 mg/kg). DM was induced by streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD). After 12 weeks, the sensory thresholds to mechanical and heat stimuli were assessed. Repeated sensory tests, immunofluorescence micro scopic comparison of peripheral nerves, and biochemical blood analysis were performed after 24 weeks. Results: Both DM+metformin and DM+ALA groups showed similar trends to diverse sensory tests at 24 weeks compared to DM group although the degree of change were different according to the stimulated senses. There was no significant difference in the comparison of the intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) of peripheral nerves between the DM+metformin and DM+ALA groups (11.83±0.07 fibers/mm vs. 12.37±1.82 fibers/mm, respectively). Both groups showed preserved IENFD significantly compared with DM group (8.46±1.98 fibers/mm, P
- Published
- 2019
33. 975-P: Comparison of Glycemic Variability, Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) during Early Post-Transplantation Period, between the Recipients of Kidney and Liver Transplantation
- Author
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Yu Ji Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, and Taesun Park
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Kidney ,business.industry ,Continuous glucose monitoring ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Period (gene) ,Urology ,Liver transplantation ,Post transplant ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,business ,Glycemic - Abstract
Objective: The aim was to investigate the glucose profiles and compare the degree of glycemic variability between kidney and liver transplantation patients during the early postoperative period. Methods: The continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data of 31 patients including 24 with kidney transplantation (KT) and seven with liver transplantation (LT) were analyzed. Results: Post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) occurred in 42.1% (8/19) and 16.7% (1/6) of KT and LT patients, respectively, during this early period after transplantation, except for patients with preexisting diabetes (5 KT, 1 LT). Glycemic variability after LT was better than that in KT patients. The average mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and mean absolute glucose (MAG) levels were 91.18±26.51 vs. 65.66±22.55 (P Conclusion: The transplanted organ is also an important factor affecting glucose control and the occurrence of PTDM in patients who receive transplantation. Further studies involving CGM follow-up at regular intervals in PTDM or preexisting diabetic patients after KT or LT may clarify the role of transplanted organs in glucose control in recipients of organ transplants. Disclosure H. Jin: None. Y. Kim: None. K. Lee: None. T. Park: None.
- Published
- 2019
34. SUN-434 Simultaneously Occurring Suprasellar Tumor and Meningitis: A Rare Cause of Hypopituitarism
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Yuji Kim, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary Case Reports ,Medicine ,Radiology ,Hypopituitarism ,business ,medicine.disease ,Meningitis - Abstract
Background: The most common cause of hypopituitarism is pituitary adenoma. In recent years there is increased reporting of rare causes of hypopituitarism acquired in adulthood, such as other sellar and parasellar masses, brain damage, vascular lesions, infiltrative/immunological/inflammatory diseases and infectious diseases. We report an unusual case of hypopituitarism associated with simultaneously occurring suprasellar tumor and meningitis. Clinical case: A 45-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Department after being found collapsed at his home with a reduced level of consciousness. About 1 week ago, the patient was complaint headache, nausea and vomiting. He had no significant medical history. His initial assessment showed a blood pressure of 130/70 mmHg, heart rate 133/min, and body temperature 38.5 ºC. Initial laboratory finding revealed serum sodium level of 149 mmol/L (135-150), potassium level of 4.3 mmol/L (3.5-5.5), serum osmolality 292 mOsm/Kg (275-295) and urine osmolality 504 mOsm/Kg (400-800). His random cortisol level was 31.8 ug/dl, TSH 0.568 uIu/ml (0.55-4.78), and free T4 10.75 pmol/L (11.5-22.7). From clinical examination and initial investigations, he was diagnosed as having meningitis or encephalitis and was promptly commenced on empirical i.v. antibiotics. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement in both cerebral hemisphere and 1.8*1.5*1.1cm sized, oval-shaped mass in suprasellar portion, which combined peripheral edema. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following lumbar puncture confirmed meningitis, antibiotics and antiviral agent were continued. After 2 weeks, he suddenly underwent hypotension and polyuria, despite inflammatory markers of blood were improved. Laboratory finding showed serum osmolality 337 mOsm/Kg, urine osmolality 271 mOsm/Kg, serum sodium 153 mmol/L, random cortisol 1.3 ug/dl, and free T4 5.19 uIu/ml. When coupled with the initial results of the brain imaging, this result helped to confirm a hypopituitarism associated with suprasellar tumor and meningitis. The patient's clinical status promptly improved with intravenous hydrocortisone and desmopressin. After that, levothyroxine supplement was started. He had good response to hormone replacement. Conclusion: Hypopituitarism may develop rapidly or slowly depending on the underlying etiology and may involve one, multiple, or all of the pituitary hormones. The clinical presentations of hypopituitarism are usually nonspecific and the recognition of these patients remains the challenge. We emphasize the importance of careful clinical assessment and focused investigations, including cranial imaging and pituitary hormone profiling to establish the underlying diagnosis.
- Published
- 2019
35. The Degree of Hyperglycemia Excursion in Patients of Kidney Transplantation (KT) or Liver Transplantation (LT) Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): Pilot Study
- Author
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Sung Kwang Park, Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Yu Ji Kim, Hong Pil Hwang, Sung Woo Ahn, Sik Lee, Hee Chul Yu, Jae Do Yang, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Article Subject ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pilot Projects ,Liver transplantation ,Gastroenterology ,Severity of Illness Index ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Endocrinology ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Humans ,Kidney transplantation ,Glycemic ,Retrospective Studies ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ,Reproducibility of Results ,Immunosuppression ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Transplantation ,Liver Transplantation ,Transplantation ,Postprandial ,Treatment Outcome ,Predictive value of tests ,Hyperglycemia ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers ,Research Article - Abstract
Objective. This study used a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to investigate the glucose profiles and assess the degree of hyperglycemic excursion after kidney or liver transplantation during the early period after operation. Methods. Patients to whom a CGMS was attached during a postoperative period of approximately one month after transplantation were included. The CGM data of 31 patients including 24 with kidney transplantation (KT) and seven with liver transplantation (LT) were analyzed. Results. Hyperglycemia over 126 mg/dL (fasting) or 200 g/dL (postprandial) occurred in 42.1% (8/19) and 16.7% (1/6) of KT and LT patients, respectively, during this early period after transplantation, except for patients with preexisting diabetes (5 KT, 1 LT). The average mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and mean absolute glucose (MAG) levels were 91.18±26.51 vs. 65.66±22.55 (P<0.05) and 24.62±7.78 vs. 18.18±7.07 (P<0.05) in KT vs. LT patients, respectively, in patients without preexisting DM or PTDM patients who showed normal glucose levels. Average increase from the lowest level to the peak glucose value was higher in KT patients than LT patients (P<0.05). Conclusions. The transplanted organ also needs to be considered as an important factor affecting glucose control and the occurrence of more severe glucose excursions in patients who receive transplantation although immunosuppression agents are well-known important factors; however, our study was limited to the early posttransplantation period. Further studies involving CGM follow-up at regular intervals based on the time since transplantation are needed.
- Published
- 2019
36. Comparison of sensory tests and neuronal quantity of peripheral nerves between streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and paclitaxel (PAC)-treated rats
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Na Young Lee, Hyun Ah Ko, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,Pain Threshold ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Paclitaxel ,Physiology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sensory threshold ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Nerve Growth Factor ,medicine ,Animals ,Neuroprostanes ,Thioctic Acid ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,Therapeutic effect ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Streptozotocin ,medicine.disease ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,Glutathione ,Sciatic Nerve ,Sensory Systems ,Rats ,Peripheral ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,chemistry ,Hyperalgesia ,Immunohistochemistry ,Plant Preparations ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Although diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) are different disease entities, they share similar neuropathic symptoms that impede quality of life for these patients. Despite having very similar downstream effects, there have been no direct comparisons between DPN and CIPN with respect to symptom severity and therapeutic responses. We compared peripheral nerve damage due to hyperglycemia with that caused by paclitaxel (PAC) treatment as represented by biochemical parameters, diverse sensory tests, and immunohistochemistry of cutaneous and sciatic nerves. The therapeutic effects of alpha-lipoic acid and DA-9801 were also compared in the two models. Animals were divided into seven groups (n = 7-10) as follows: normal, diabetes (DM), DM + alpha-lipoic acid 100 mg/kg (ALA), DM + DA-9801 (100 mg/kg), paclitaxel-treated rat (PAC), PAC + ALA (100 mg/kg), and PAC + DA-9801 (100 mg/kg). The sensory thresholds of animals to mechanical, heat, and pressure stimuli were altered by both hyperglycemia and PAC when compared with controls, and the responses to sensory tests were different between both groups. There were no significant differences in the biochemical markers of blood glutathione between DM and PAC groups (p .05). Quantitative comparisons of peripheral nerves by intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) analysis indicated that the DM and PAC groups were similar (6.18 ± 1.03 vs. 5.01 ± 2.57). IENFD was significantly improved after ALA and DA-9801 treatment in diabetic animals (7.6 ± 1.28, 7.7 ± 1.28, respectively, p .05) but did not reach significance in the PAC-treated groups (6.05 ± 1.76, 5.66 ± 1.26, respectively, p .05). Sciatic nerves were less damaged in the PAC-treated groups compared with the DM groups with respect to axonal diameter and area (8.60 ± 1.14 μm vs. 6.66 ± 1.07 μm, and 59.04 ± 15.16 μm
- Published
- 2016
37. The impact of glycemic variability on diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- Author
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Tae Sun Park, Kyung Ae Lee, and Heung Yong Jin
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Continuous glucose monitoring ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Peripheral ,Nephropathy ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Humans ,Medicine ,business ,Retinopathy ,Glycemic - Abstract
Mean glucose values alone cannot explain the patterns of morbidity and mortality due to dysglycemia in diabetes. Development of continuous glucose monitoring systems has improved the analysis and interpretation of glycemic variability. The roles of glycemic components other than constant hyperglycemia in diabetic complications must be investigated because large clinical studies have indicated that risk factors besides the average glucose value of HbA1c are involved in chronic macrocomplications/microcomplications of diabetes. Among these complications, the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is particularly complex, and several factors related to glucose and nonglucose pathways have been suggested as risk factors. There is little information regarding the effect of glycemic variability on diabetic peripheral neuropathy, unlike other microvascular complications of retinopathy and nephropathy, and whether glycemic variability causes harmful effects is still a matter of debate. In this review, we discuss the relationships between glycemic variability and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, focusing on somatosensory peripheral neuropathies rather than autonomic neuropathies.
- Published
- 2016
38. Common Salivary Protein 1 in Serum of Diabetes Patients
- Author
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Eui Yul Choi, Heung Yong Jin, HongTao Wang, Seok-Mo Heo, and Sang Wook Oh
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Saliva ,Immunogen ,medicine.drug_class ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biology ,Monoclonal antibody ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunoblot Analysis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Salivary gland ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Hematology ,Molecular biology ,Fusion protein ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Immunohistochemistry - Abstract
Background Recently, the human common salivary protein 1 (CSP1) was identified as an ortholog of the Demilune cell and parotid protein of mouse. However, its function remains to be determined. Here, we show that the serum CSP1 concentration of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is much higher than that of healthy controls. Methods Recombinant human CSP1 was expressed as a Glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-tagged protein, and the purified fusion protein was used as an immunogen to generate monoclonal antibody (mAb) to CSP1. The produced mAb was tested as a probe in Western blotting of human saliva and in immunohistochemistry of various human tissues. The serum CSP1 levels of 31 DM patients and 38 normal adults were quantified by a house-fabricated CSP1 sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system. Results Immunoblot analysis by mAb-hCSP1#4 showed that CSP1 in human saliva exists in a 27 kDa glycosylated form. Among the various human tissues tested, the salivary gland was the only tissue stained with mAb-hCSP1#4 by immunohistochemistry. Quantification of serum CSP1 concentration by CSP1 ELISA showed that the median values (25th–75th percentile) of DM patients and healthy adults were 22.2 (15.8–28.2) and 3.2 (0–11.4), respectively. Student's t-test results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P
- Published
- 2016
39. The Influence of Total or Sub-total Gastrectomy on Glucose Control in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients
- Author
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Young Ha Baek, Tae Sun Park, Kyung Ae Lee, and Heung-Yong Jin
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Glucose control ,Endocrine Care ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General surgery ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,medicine.disease ,University hospital ,Gastroenterology ,Obesity ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Gastrectomy ,In patient ,business ,Non diabetic - Abstract
Objective Although bariatric surgery including gastrectomy has recently emerged as a useful treatment for type 2 DM with obesity, it is not clear whether gastrectomy itself can have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism. Therefore, in this study, we investigated changes in blood glucose in patients with and without diabetes who underwent gastrectomy. Methods From Jan 2010 to May 2014, 77 patients with diabetes and 77 patients without diabetes who underwent gastrectomy at Chonbuk National University Hospital, South Korea, were included. We compared fasting plasma glucose levels and HbA1c value before and after gastric surgery. Results After gastrectomy, 59 patients (38.3%) showed reduced fasting plasma glucose levels at the 1 year point, and 80 patients (51.9%) exhibited reduced fasting plasma glucose at 3 years, irrespective of their diabetes status. Among 77 patients with diabetes, decreased fasting plasma glucose was observed in 22 (28.6%) and 46 patients (59.7%) 1 and 3 years after gastrectomy, respectively. In patients who exhibited reduced fasting plasma glucose after gastrectomy, the degree of reduced glucose was as follows: 56.4±48.5 vs 23.2±16.1 mg/dL after 1 year, 58.3±52.3 vs 18.4±13.7 mg/dL after 3 years, in DM and non-DM patient respectively. Conclusions Although there was a significant drop in mean fasting glucose after gastrectomy, not all patients experienced a drop in fasting glucose. Gastrectomy did not show a consistent association with glucose reduction in patients with and without diabetes, and in about half of the patients, fasting plasma glucose levels increased after gastrectomy. Therefore, bariatric surgery including gastrectomy needs to be performed with care in diabetes, and glucose monitoring including oral glucose tolerance tests should be done for assessing or prediction of the glucose state after gastric surgery in non-DM patients.
- Published
- 2016
40. Case Reports of Severe Coronary Artery Spasm Associated with Three Different Endocrine Hyperfunction
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Seung Hyun Hong, Sung Yun Lee, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Hyperparathyroidism ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,business.industry ,Hyperfunction ,medicine.disease ,Chest pain ,Pheochromocytoma ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Endocrine system ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hormone ,Artery - Abstract
Disorders of the endocrine system including hormone hyperfunction and hypofunction have multiple effects on cardiovascular system. However, in clinical practice, there are many cases of delayed or overlooked diagnosis of underlying endocrine dysfunction in patients presenting chest pain or other cardiac symptoms. Herein, we report three cases of endocrine hyperfunction presenting as coronary spasm; Graves’ hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Chest pains disappear after treatment for these endocrine diseases. Endocrine hyperfunctions such as the three cases described above should be considered as possible diagnosis in patients with complaint of chest pain. High index of suspicion are needed.
- Published
- 2015
41. An association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and autonomic neuropathy parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Tae Sun Park, and Yu Ji Kim
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Fatty liver ,medicine ,In patient ,Non alcoholic ,Type 2 diabetes ,Disease ,Autonomic neuropathy ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology - Published
- 2018
42. Factors influencing psychological insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients
- Author
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Sung Reul Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Eun Ko, Ji Hyeon Yu, and Hye Young Kim
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Psychological intervention ,Type 2 diabetes ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social support ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,Diabetes management ,Diabetes mellitus ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Republic of Korea ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Nursing ,Aged ,030504 nursing ,business.industry ,Depression ,Social Support ,Stepwise regression ,Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Self Efficacy ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,Insulin Resistance ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
AIMS This descriptive, exploratory, correlational analysis investigated patients with type 2 diabetes and their diabetes knowledge, depression, diabetes-management self-efficacy, and social support and sought to determine the effects of these factors on psychological insulin resistance among type 2 diabetes patients in South Korea. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study included 136 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited an endocrinology clinic. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect data regarding demographic and disease-related characteristics as well as scores on the Diabetes Knowledge Tests, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, and Psychological Insulin Resistance Scale, between September and December 2017. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS The total score for psychological insulin resistance was 60.92 ± 14.75 of a maximum of 90. Stepwise multiple regression showed that diabetes knowledge, diabetes-management self-efficacy, social support, absence of diabetes complications, and depression explained 38.6% of the variance in psychological insulin resistance. CONCLUSION Diabetes knowledge was found to have the largest influence on psychological insulin resistance, followed by social support, absence of complications, depression, and diabetes-management self-efficacy. Development of interventions that consider all these factors is required, and the effects of such interventions should be tested through further research.
- Published
- 2018
43. Comparison of peripheral nerve protection between insulin-based glucose control and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Na Young Lee, Tae Sun Park, and Kyung Ae Lee
- Subjects
Insulin glulisine ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Nerve fiber ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Animals ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Insulin ,Thioctic Acid ,business.industry ,Insulin glargine ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,medicine.disease ,Streptozotocin ,Rats ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Basal (medicine) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Strict glucose control is a well-proven therapeutic approach for peripheral neuropathies in patients with diabetes. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) has also been accepted as a therapeutic agent for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in the respect of pathogenesis. However, the potential of ALA as a treatment for DPN in comparison to that of glucose control is unclear. In this study, we compared the neuroprotective potential of glucose control and ALA. Animals were divided into 6 groups based on the intervention used, as follows: normal, diabetes (DM), DM+racemic form of ALA, DM+R form of ALA, DM+once daily insulin glargine, and DM+once daily insulin glargine with twice daily insulin glulisine. Various sensory tests were performed after 12 weeks of treatment, and immunohistochemistry of nerve fibers obtained from the sciatic and cutaneous nerves was performed after 24 weeks of treatment. There were no significant differences between the ALA-treated and insulin-treated DM groups in the sensory tests or in antioxidant activity. The axonal diameters and myelin sheath area of the sciatic nerves and the cutaneous small nerves, as assessed based on intraepidermal nerve fiber density, were similar in the ALA-treated and insulin-treated animals, although there was a non-significant trend for a mild increase in the both basal and rapid-acting insulin group compared with non-treated DM group. In conclusion, our results suggest that the neuroprotective benefits of ALA and insulin-based glucose control may be similar, although glucose control may have had slightly more beneficial effects in this animal model of diabetes. Of note, glucose levels should be strictly controlled, including corrections for fluctuations in the glucose level, to obtain therapeutic benefits in DPN.
- Published
- 2018
44. Role of inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Diabetes mellitus ,Commentaries ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,business.industry ,Disease progression ,fungi ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Inflammatory biomarkers ,030104 developmental biology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Cytokine ,Hyperglycemia ,Immunology ,Disease Progression ,Commentary ,Inflammation Mediators ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomarkers ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Inflammatory pathway from hyperglycemia to diabetic peripheral neuropathy is very important in diagnosis and management. Inflammatory cytokine can be used for prediction and progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
- Published
- 2017
45. Metformin Preserves Peripheral Nerve Damage with Comparable Effects to Alpha Lipoic Acid in Streptozotocin/High-Fat Diet Induced Diabetic Rats.
- Author
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Sun Hee Kim, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
- Subjects
PERIPHERAL nervous system ,LIPOIC acid ,SCIATIC nerve ,METFORMIN ,MYELIN sheath - Abstract
Background: Metformin is widely marketed medication for the treatment of diabetes, but its pharmacological effect on diabetic peripheral neuropathy remains unclear. In this study, the effect of metformin on peripheral nerves in diabetic rats was investigated using diverse neuronal parameters of nerve fibers. Methods: Rats were assigned to one of four groups (n=7 to 10 per group): normal, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM+metformin (100 mg/kg), and DM+alpha lipoic acid (ALA, 100 mg/kg). DM was induced by streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD). After 12 weeks, the sensory thresholds to mechanical and heat stimuli were assessed. Repeated sensory tests, immunofluorescence microscopic comparison of peripheral nerves, and biochemical blood analysis were performed after 24 weeks. Results: Both DM+metformin and DM+ALA groups showed similar trends to diverse sensory tests at 24 weeks compared to DM group although the degree of change were different according to the stimulated senses. There was no significant difference in the comparison of the intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) of peripheral nerves between the DM+metformin and DM+ALA groups (11.83±0.07 fibers/mm vs. 12.37±1.82 fibers/mm, respectively). Both groups showed preserved IENFD significantly compared with DM group (8.46±1.98 fibers/mm, P<0.05). Sciatic nerve morphology of the experimental animals showed a similar trend to the IENFD, with respect to axonal diameter, myelin sheath thickness, and myelinated fiber diameter. Conclusion: Metformin has beneficial pharmacological effects on the preservation of peripheral nerves in diabetic rats and its effects are comparable to those of ALA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Common Salivary Protein 1 in Saliva of Diabetes Patients (II).
- Author
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Linlin Zhang, HongTao Wang, Heung Yong Jin, Jae Cheol Kim, and Sang Wook Oh
- Subjects
SALIVARY proteins ,SALIVA ,PEOPLE with diabetes ,RECEIVER operating characteristic curves ,SALIVARY glands ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) - Abstract
Background: Human common salivary protein 1 (CSP1) is one of a variety of molecules in saliva but its function remains to be determined. The gold standard method for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) is to check levels of glucose or HbA1C in plasma or serum. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Salivary CSP1 concentration would be useful alternative for DM diagnosis. Methods: The qualities of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to recombinant human CSP1 (rhCSP1) were test - ed by western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry. A sandwich ELISA was fabricated with the quali - fied capture and detector mAbs for measurement of CSP1 level in saliva. CSP1 levels of healthy adults and DM patients were measured by the sandwich ELISA and their results were statistically analyzed by Student's t-test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Results: The tested mAbs recognized a 27-kDa CSP1 of saliva in WB and stained only a salivary gland in immunohistochemistry. Pearson's correlation coefficient with standard curve between OD450nm value vs. CSP level showed good linearity (r2 = 0.995). The median values (25th to 75th percentiles) of saliva CSP1 in 10 healthy adults and 18 DM patients using the sandwich ELISA were 3.92 μg/mL (3.15 - 4.02) and 4.35 μg/mL (3.94 - 5.11), respectively. Statistically, there was a significant difference of CSP1 level in two groups (p = 0.026). The sensitivity value of CSP1 was 64.71 while the specificity value was 88.89 with 0.784 of AUC (p = 0.003). These results suggested that the fabricated sandwich ELISA was a good diagnostic test tool for discriminating DM patients from healthy individuals. Conclusions: The present data showed a significant increase of CSP1 levels for DM patients compared with control group, indicating that CSP1 level in saliva could be used as a potential biomarker of detection or screening of DM patients. However, further studies are necessary to provide scientific and clinical validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Relationship between the Korean Version Survey of the Autonomic Symptoms Score and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Tae Sun Park, Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, and Hong Sun Baek
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Survey of autonomic symptom scale ,Complications ,Diabetic neuropathy ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,fungi ,Diabetes ,food and beverages ,Cardiac autonomic neuropathy ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Autonomic neuropathy ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Physical therapy ,Autonomic symptoms ,Original Article ,In patient ,business ,Korean version - Abstract
Background: The Survey of Autonomic Symptom (SAS) scale was reported as an easy instrument to assess the autonomic symp toms in patients with early diabetic neuropathy. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the SAS scale and the parameters of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in Korean patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: The SAS scale was tested in 30 healthy controls and 73 patients with DPN at Chonbuk National University Hospital, in Korea. The SAS score was compared to the parameters of the CAN test and the total symptom score (TSS) for DPN in patients with DPN. Results: The SAS symptom score and total impact score were increased in patients with DPN compared to the control group (P=0.01), particularly in sudomotor dysfunction (P=0.01), and vasomotor dysfunction (P=0.01). The SAS score was increased in patients with CAN compared to patients without CAN (P
- Published
- 2014
48. Medical Treatment with Somatostatin Analogues in Acromegaly: Position Statement
- Author
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Kyeong Hye Park, Se Hwa Kim, Jung Min Lee, Kyung Ae Lee, Min Jeong Kwon, Jung Soo Lim, Ha Young Kim, Dong Jun Lim, Kee Ho Song, Eun Jig Lee, Hyun Koo Yoon, Heung Yong Jin, Dong Yeob Shin, Jung Hee Kim, Dong Sun Kim, Jin Hwa Kim, Seong-Su Moon, Seungjoon Oh, Kwang Joon Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Dae Jung Kim, Sang Ouk Chin, Sung Woon Kim, and Byung Joon Kim
- Subjects
Position statement ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Dose interval ,Decision Making ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Somatostatin analogues ,Octreotide ,Lanreotide ,Injections, Intramuscular ,Peptides, Cyclic ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Special Article ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Republic of Korea ,Acromegaly ,Health insurance ,Humans ,Medicine ,Expert Testimony ,Insurance, Health ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,Medical treatment ,business.industry ,Neuroendocrinology ,medicine.disease ,Pasireotide ,Somatostatin ,Attitude ,chemistry ,Family medicine ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Preoperative Period ,business - Abstract
The Korean Endocrine Society (KES) published clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acromegaly in 2011. Since then, the number of acromegaly cases, publications on studies addressing medical treatment of acromegaly, and demands for improvements in insurance coverage have been dramatically increasing. In 2017, the KES Committee of Health Insurance decided to publish a position statement regarding the use of somatostatin analogues in acromegaly. Accordingly, consensus opinions for the position statement were collected after intensive review of the relevant literature and discussions among experts affiliated with the KES, and the Korean Neuroendocrine Study Group. This position statement includes the characteristics, indications, dose, interval (including extended dose interval in case of lanreotide autogel), switching and preoperative use of somatostatin analogues in medical treatment of acromegaly. The recommended approach is based on the expert opinions in case of insufficient clinical evidence, and where discrepancies among the expert opinions were found, the experts voted to determine the recommended approach.
- Published
- 2019
49. Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia with Multiple Bone Fractures: ADV-Induced Fanconi's Syndrome
- Author
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Hong Sun Baek, Heung Yong Jin, Jee Hyuk Kim, and Kyung Ae Lee
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Osteomalacia ,S syndrome ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,General Engineering ,MEDLINE ,Images in Clinical Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0502 economics and business ,Medicine ,050211 marketing ,business - Published
- 2018
50. Morphologic Comparison of Peripheral Nerves in Adipocyte Tissue from db/db Diabetic versus Normal Mice
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Na Young Lee, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Adipose tissue ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,White adipose tissue ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Diabetes mellitus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Adipocyte ,medicine ,Peripheral nerves ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,Tyrosine hydroxylase ,business.industry ,Brief Report ,medicine.disease ,Choline acetyltransferase ,eye diseases ,Neuropathy ,Peripheral ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Immunohistochemistry ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Present study investigated the morphologic changes of autonomic nerves in the adipose tissue in diabetic animal model. Male obese type 2 diabetic db/db mice and age matched non-diabetic db/m control mice were used. Epididymal adipose tissue from diabetic db/db mice with that from control heterozygous db/m mice was compared using confocal microscopy-based method to visualize intact whole adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry with tyrosine hydroxylase for sympathetic (SP), choline acetyltransferase for parasympathetic (PSP), and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) for whole autonomic nerves was performed. The quantity of immunostained portion of SP, PSP, and PGP 9.5 stained nerve fibers showed decreased trend in diabetic group; however, the ratio of SP/PSP of adipose tissue was higher in diabetic group compared with control group as follows (0.70±0.30 vs. 0.95±0.25, P
- Published
- 2018
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