Search

The editorial discusses the challenges faced by scientific communities in Argentina and Chile, particularly in the context of political and financial pressures. In Chile, the trajectory of scientific development has been promising but faces obstacles such as inadequate funding and university inertia. The article emphasizes the need for increased resources, better distribution, and a focus on incorporating women into scientific tasks to defend and advance science in the region. The author, Jorge Gibert Galassi, provides insights into the current state of scientific policy and the importance of addressing real challenges for robust scientific development. [Extracted from the article]

The article explores the orientation-dependent electrochemical response of LaSrNiO4 (LSNO) epitaxial films by investigating the influence of growth orientation on electrochemical reactions. The study reveals that the resistance of (100)-oriented LSNO films can be modulated significantly by electrochemical reactions, while the resistance of (001)-oriented films remains largely unaffected. The results suggest that oxygen vacancies are produced in the NiO2 layer of LSNO during electrochemical reactions, with diffusion of oxygen ions occurring preferentially within the NiO2 layer. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: To evaluate the role of parental influence on youth SSS and to characterize parental perceptions of SSS. Data sources: Embase.com, Ovid-Medline All, CINAHL Plus, APA PsycInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed Central (PMC) since database inception. Study selection: Primary studies that assessed reasons for youth SSS that included parental influence as a factor and/or studies that investigated the nature or extent of parental influence on SSS were included. Data extraction: A single author extracted data, focusing on definitions and measures of SSS and parental influence, findings concerning primary reasons for SSS, any quantitative or qualitative findings on the extent of parental influence on SSS, and findings concerning various associations between parental influence, SSS, and other themes. Data synthesis: 61 articles were assessed in total, with 23 meeting criteria for inclusion. Parental influence plays a limited direct role in SSS, accounting for approximately 10.6% of the overall influence. Athlete self-influence or self-enjoyment of sport was found to be the predominant reason to pursue SSS, accounting for 82.3% of the overall influence. However, parents indirectly influence SSS by modulating athlete motivation and providing financial, practical, and emotional support. Conclusions: Athlete self-motivation primarily drives SSS directly, while parents indirectly influence SSS by modulating athlete self-motivation and offering financial, practical, and emotional support. Misconceptions persist regarding parental perceptions of SSS-related injury risks, scholarship attainment, and athletic development. Communication with parents regarding the risks associated with SSS and their role in monitoring their children's sports participation is crucial for mitigating adverse outcomes in youth athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A key responsibility of academic scholarship is to further develop the field under investigation and to critically evaluate how it is responding to challenges from both inside and outside of the field of enquiry. This article offers an overview of whether the scholarship published in geography education (GE) from the perspective of the Commission for Geography Education (CGE) Springer book series is sufficiently engaging with contemporary global challenges and education discourses. Guided by the 2022 IGU-CGE Rennes Conference's three axes: curriculum renewal, pedagogy and teacher training, the article discusses the findings of a meta-analysis of the six books published in the CGE Springer series in the past five years (2017 to 2021).The thematic analysis shows that GE is engaging with global realities of environment and sustainability, climate change, globalisation and the importance of powerful knowledge for understanding and engaging with complex, often controversial issues. But there are also gaps and absences in terms of who is producing knowledge and from where knowledge is being generated. We contend that the book series is well placed to support the community in addressing global concerns and the related transformative pedagogies needed to enact them. However, we also suggest that the publications at this point in time have yet to fully grasp the specifics needed for the challenges that lie ahead. Some preliminary considerations for advancing the field through future publications are offered. These may be useful to GE researchers and scholars in different regions of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of science communication, focusing on the Three-Minute Thesis (3MT) competition where graduate students present their thesis in a concise and engaging manner. The workshop led by Sandra Klemet-N'Guessan at the ASLO Aquatic Science Meeting in 2024 emphasized the value of effective communication skills for scientists. Participants highlighted the significance of storytelling, diverse perspectives, and engaging presentation styles in science communication, underscoring the need for comprehensive training in this area. The article concludes with recommendations for expanding science communication training opportunities to enhance students' oral and written communication skills. [Extracted from the article]

Objective/Research Question : States have increasingly used merit-based criteria to distribute scholarships and grants, and the dominant conversation on merit-aid programs centers on students attending 4-year colleges and universities. This study examines the characteristics of state-funded merit-aid programs for community college students and provides implications for policymaking to promote educational equity. Methods : With a newly collected dataset capturing a variety of program-level features of state-funded merit-aid policies between 2003 and 2021, we used latent class analysis to identify different types of merit-aid programs for community college students. We present a 3-class model based on model fit indices and practical interpretation of policy designs. Results: Findings indicate three classes of merit-aid programs that extended support to community college students: The Community College Marginalizing Programs (n = 47), The Community College Targeted Programs (n = 4), and The Balanced Programs (n = 17). Conclusions/Contributions : Drawing on Mettler's notion of the policyscape, we discuss the characteristics of the three types of merit-aid programs and provide implications for designing merit-aid programs to better support community college students and promote educational equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant breeding is a multidisciplinary applied science that is crucial for enhancing food, fodder, fuel, and fiber production globally. Using detailed surveys in three Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries, this study investigated the current state of the plant breeding sector across tertiary, government, and industry levels. The findings highlight increasing concerns about the shortage of trained plant breeders, especially in the private sector, impacting food security and the economy. The need for a coordinated approach between the public and private sectors is emphasized. Suggestions for improvements include the establishment of dedicated training facilities, national funds for graduate fellowships, and increased private sector involvement in plant breeding education. The importance of adapting plant breeding courses to emerging scientific and technological advancements is highlighted, along with industry‐relevant training and improved promotion of the sector. The study raises awareness of the global shortage of trained plant breeders and provides valuable insights for decision makers toward strategic planning to address global food and fiber production challenges. Core Ideas: Raises awareness of the global shortage of trained plant breeders.Provides valuable insights for decision‐makers toward strategic planning to address global production challenges.The findings highlight increasing concerns about the shortage of trained plant breeders.The importance of adapting plant breeding courses to emerging scientific and technological advancements is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work explores China's African public relations and image‐building effort, focusing on Nigeria. Thus, the paper's purpose is twofold: first, to investigate whether China's conduct of public diplomacy through its soft power resource—development assistance—has effectively shaped positive Nigerian public perception of China, and second, to determine the media's role in advancing China's public diplomacy in Nigeria. Specifically, it explores the interaction of economic development assistance, media, and public relations. I do this by comparing China's foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria (2010–2019) with the public's perception of the FDI's influence on the Nigerian economy (2016 and 2020) and the media's role in shaping public support toward the investments. Utilizing a range of datasets, I find that Chinese economic investment alone is insufficient to substantially shape positive Nigerian public perception of China. Within a framework of mediated public diplomacy, I demonstrate that the Chinese image‐building effort in Nigeria would likely enhance when the country links economic investments with public relations to make the investments more visible through effective media representation. Related Articles: Ayhan, Kadir Jun, and Nancy Snow. 2021. "Introduction to the Special Issue—Global Korea Scholarship: Empirical Evaluation of a Non‐Western Scholarship Program from a Public Diplomacy Perspective." Politics & Policy 49(6): 1282–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12440. Hodzi, Obert, and John H. S. Åberg. 2020. "Introduction to the Special Issue: Strategic Deployment of the China Model in Africa." Politics & Policy 48(5): 804–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12378. Huijgh, Ellen. 2017. "Indonesia's 'Intermestic' Public Diplomacy: Features and Future." Politics & Policy 45(5): 762–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12221. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dr. Joginder Lal Gupta, also known as JLG, was a prominent figure in the field of burns care in India. He joined Safdarjung Hospital in Delhi in 1963 and quickly established it as a leading center for plastic surgery and burns management. Dr. Gupta had an illustrious educational background, excelling in his studies and receiving numerous awards and gold medals. He dedicated his career to burn victims, pioneering treatments and prevention methods. Dr. Gupta was also involved in various professional organizations and received several prestigious awards for his contributions. He passed away in 2024, leaving behind a lasting legacy in the field of burns care. [Extracted from the article]

The COVID-19 pandemic substantially influenced the world economy, affecting entrepreneurs and SMEs alike. This paper critically examines the relationship between entrepreneurship and COVID-19 through an integrative review analyzing 79 existing studies on the topic. We posit a novel framework for postcrisis recovery, identifying three phases of activity: business resumption (the decision to restart operations following a crisis), crisis impact analysis (understanding how the firm has changed as a result of the crisis), and future review and modification (examining how businesses need to move forward in the latter days following a crisis). Further, we call for additional entrepreneurship research embedded in a crisis environment, with the hope that new scholarship in this regard will provide a chance to increase awareness of the critical role of entrepreneurial management in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the diffusion of military capabilities is a central issue in international relations. Despite this, only a few works attempt to explain this phenomenon, focusing on threats. This article explains why threats alone cannot account for cybercapacity-development diffusion and introduces a more consistent explanation: the role of alliances. Allies with cybercapacity help partner-countries without cybercapacity start developing their own capacity to increase the alliance's overall security by reducing mutual vulnerabilities in cyberspace. Partner-countries that lack cybercapacity are eager to accept this option because it is more favorable than developing cybercapacity on their own. Partner-countries may also start investing in cybersecurity to reduce the likelihood of being abandoned in other, conventional, domains. My new cross-sectional time-series dataset on indicators of a state's cybercapacity-development initiation for 2000–18 provides robust empirical support for this argument and offers important implications for scholarship on arms, allies, and diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Special Issue and its seven contributions seek to shift the gaze of public policy scholarship toward the authorities, legitimacies, and influences of transnational actors on the creation and implementation of global policy and its transnational administration. It is, in large part, both a demonstration of the analytical and explanatory value of accounting for the influence of non-state actors on global issues as well as a normative reflection on what this means for already tenuous connections between publics and those that make decisions on their behalf in global forums. This Issue breaks with heterodox public policy approaches that center on the capabilities of states and international organizations to determine and to deliver global public policy and outcomes. Instead, we widen our gaze to capture the influence of transnational actors such as global commissions, transnational public–private partnerships, philanthropic foundations, non-government organization networks, domestic associations with global influence, quasi-judicial authorities, and global citizen activists. The articles discuss the impact of transnational actors on the policy and administrative spaces of global actors and states alike. By dispensing with the notion that the state and state-created international organizations are the primary locus for public policy and public administration scholarship, the included papers conclude with the implications for scholarship on transnational actor authorities and legitimacies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graduate education is crucial for national progress and modernization, as it trains, educates, and develops a workforce capable of empowering human life and responding to changing societal needs. The study examined students' expectations of employment opportunities, focusing on high demand and expected growth rates. A descriptive research design was utilized using a survey questionnaire to gather the needed data. The study was conducted at a Polytechnic College in La Union, Philippines during the first semester of the 2019 -- 2020 academic year, with a total sample size of 73. The study revealed that the M.A. graduates were mostly married females aged 36-40 handling Teacher II positions. However, challenges like time constraints, distance, and excessive paperwork necessitate program improvements. A Polytechnic College in La Union, Philippines should regularly follow up with M.A. graduates, enhance faculty training, provide scholarship grants, offer affordable options, update graduate programs, and improve physical facilities and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides information about the contributors and resources available at the Bibliographical Society Library and Archive. The contributors include experts in various fields such as Spanish literature, medieval studies, and bibliography. The library is currently located at the Albert Sloman Library at the University of Essex and offers open-access shelving. The archive is housed at the Bodleian Library and covers the Society's activities from its foundation in 1892 to 2008. The document also mentions the availability of virtual issues of the journal, grants offered by the Society, and the different series of the Transactions and The Library publications. [Extracted from the article]

In the 21st century, the implementation of doctoral education in Geography has led to an increase in the number of theses focused on Physical Geography. However, little is known about the dynamics inherent to fieldwork techniques, methods, and studied topics. In order to gain a better understanding of this increasing trend and its evolution, this article examines 78 theses published by five public higher education institutions between 2000 and 2021. Through quantitative analysis, the study investigates the data sources, fieldwork techniques, and analytical methods used in the studies covering the topics of Biogeography, Climatology, Hydrology, Geomorphology, and Risk and Planning. From 2007 onward, there was an evident increase in research related to Risk and Planning, underscoring the role of Physical Geography in addressing territorial planning issues. The use of Geographic Information Systems, statistical analysis, and quantitative approaches highlights the significance of data sources and office-based analyses. The geographical context of the institutions where the studies were conducted appears to influence the choice of research areas and topics. The Bologna process, doctoral scholarships granted by the Foundation for Science and Technology, and the increase in funded research projects partially justify the diversity of identified topics and methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Desacatos is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropologia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although national trends in rural-urban gaps in college enrolment have been well studied, little research has examined variation in gaps across provinces. Using representative data of five provinces from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study adopts a cross-provincial assessment approach to explore the relationship between higher education expansion and rural-urban inequality in college enrolment. Results demonstrate that the higher education expansion does not close the rural-urban gap in college enrolment in all five provinces. Rural-urban gaps vary in size substantially across provinces. Additionally, inter-provincial inequalities in higher education opportunities, particularly disparities between eastern coastal provinces, like Shanghai and Guangdong versus central provinces, like Henan, have widened. This study contributes to international scholarship by presenting evidence supporting the theory of Maximally Maintained Inequality (MMI) in a context where access to higher education is highly differentiated by structural factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2015, the United Nations adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with 169 targets for transformation toward a more sustainable future by 2030. Around the world, countries struggle with their implementation, deciding priorities, and wonder about the "consistency" of these goals and targets. This study seeks to evaluate and analyze SDG target interactions in the Philippines to determine resolution measures for conflicting targets, and prioritization for reinforcing targets. The problem is modeled as a graph with 169 nodes (targets) and 14,196 edges (target interactions). Two methods are employed. First, experts were asked to evaluate interactions using a 7-point scale. It then becomes an "edge-coloring" problem for the graph. Second, a non-parametric Spearman rank correlation is used on official indicator data with resulting coefficients serving as interaction scores. The graph is similarly colored depending on the correlations. Scores are then interpreted to mean that target pairs interact positively (synergies), negatively (trade-offs), or neutrally (non-classified). Edge colorings are at sdg-interactions.herokuapp.com. Results from both methods were synthesized to formulate recommendations - most notably, negative interactions involving targets 3.1 ("Reduce maternal mortality"), 3.6 ("Reduce road injuries and deaths"), and 3.7 ("Universal access to sexual and reproductive care, family planning, and education"). Negative interactions/trade-offs should be carefully studied and resolved for better implementation efficiency. Targets that reinforce each other should be prioritized (subject to country objectives) - including 1.1 ("Eradicate extreme poverty"), 1.2 ("Reduce poverty by at least 50%"), 4.2 ("Equal access to quality pre-primary education"), 4.B ("Expand higher education scholarships for developing countries"), 6.2 ("End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene"), 6.6 ("Protect and restore waterrelated ecosystems"), 8.1 ("Sustainable economic growth"), 8.5 ("Full employment and decent work with equal pay"), 9.4 ("Upgrade all industries and infrastructures for sustainability"), and 9.5 ("Enhance research and upgrade industrial technologies"). Both methods are hampered by data collection. Efforts to recruit respondents and make the website more "intuitive" are continuing. The method of UN Indicators might be improved since, currently, the mapping of indicators to targets, as well as the weighting of indicators for their effects on targets are "global" - that is, there is only one mapping and one weighting system for all countries, and this has been questioned, pointing to possible localization in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of History in Africa: A Journal of Method is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of FinanzRundschau is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The University of Sydney has implemented a First Nations mentoring and scholarship program to support First Nations students studying archaeology. The program aims to increase the representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students in archaeology and to support research in First Nations and other Indigenous archaeologies. The program includes undergraduate scholarships, an Honours scholarship, and a Higher Degree Research scholarship, as well as tailored support and resources to improve retention rates among Indigenous students. Two scholarship holders interviewed for the article emphasized the importance of the program's support and community-building in their academic journeys. [Extracted from the article]

Scholarship on college athlete identity has increased within recent decades; however, there remains a dearth of literature centred on identity and Black male college athletes. While athletic identity is often self and socially regarded as a dominant identity, this population also holds numerous identities, such as race, gender, sexual orientation, class, and being a student. This scoping review synthesizes 26 peer-reviewed pieces of scholarship that focus on Black male college athletes and identity. Thematic categories found in this literature include discussions of athletic identity, complexities and intersections of identity, United States (US) college and athletic context impacting identity salience, and shifting the narrative of Black male college athlete identity. This review concludes with future directions that encourage the increase in research regarding identity and Black male college athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology pays tribute to the life and legacy of Prof. Supriyo Ghose, highlighting his exceptional academic achievements, professional contributions to ophthalmology, and personal qualities of compassion and dedication. Prof. Ghose's impact extended beyond his medical expertise, as he was revered as a mentor, teacher, and administrator known for his integrity and commitment to excellence. His profound influence on the field of ophthalmology and the lives of those around him is celebrated, emphasizing his lasting legacy of compassion and kindness. [Extracted from the article]

Mexico's new General Law on Science has divided the academic community, given its centralized, authoritarian and archaic view of knowledge production. The future of science in Mexico looks grim, as academic communities are not only grappling with a lack of funding but also facing attacks on academic freedom and, in extreme cases, freedom of speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to identify the characteristics of young graduates, who apply for public funds to initiate scientific research in different areas of knowledge and the factors that affect their allocation. Public statistics were used, applying hierarchical cluster analysis methods and the Heckman model. Three profiles were identified. Two profiles of researchers (54.3%) with and without doctoral scholarships that manage to enter the system, and a third profile (45.7%) with doctoral scholarships that does not enter the system. All these profiles have gender gaps. On average, women who enter the financing system take, almost three years and the longer time it takes to obtain their doctoral degree negatively influences their integration. It is concluded that the scientific development of men and women takes different times, a fact that should be considered in future policy designs if the competitive model continues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the Hospital for Special Surgery, approximately 60 million children between the ages of 6 and 18 in the United States participate in organized sports activities every year. This involves approximately 75% of American families, with at least one child participating in an organized sports activity. The stated purposes of participation in organized sports activities are to assist children and teens in building skills, forming friendships, learning the value of teamwork, and possibly obtaining a scholarship to college. There are, however, related challenging issues. According to the Centers for Disease Control , the obesity rate for children and adolescents ages 2–19 living in the United States is 19.3%, affecting approximately 14.4 million children and adolescents. A sedentary lifestyle for children and teenagers contributes to this epidemic, while participation in sports is seen by many as protective. Challenges in participation, including increasing sports-related injuries, a 70% attrition rate by the time a child is 13 years of age, and programs overemphasizing winning are additional problems encountered in pre-teen and teen sports. The effect of pre-teen and teen participation in sports on family relationships is another potential source of stress and anxiety. This is the primary focus of this paper. The family relationships considered are the children, the parents, the couple, and the grandparents. Therapeutic suggestions and intervention considerations are then provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]