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Start Over Topic computer science Publication Type Reports
459 results

101. The Study of Communication Networks and Communication Structure in Large Organizations.

Author

San Jose State Univ., CA., Monge, Peter R., and Lindsey, Georg N.

Abstract

This report describes a set of procedures for analyzing communication networks in large organizations. The procedures include the identification and evaluation of various kinds of networks, assessment of the organizational hierarchy, appraisal of various departments within the organization, and evaluation of individual communication behavior. The report begins by describing and illustrating the essential concepts of network analysis, thereby providing a vocabulary for talking about the process. In the second chapter several comparative techniques are described for evaluating the network, including overlaying the actual network on the organizational chart and comparing different networks. Several important network metrics, called communication structure variables, are identified, and their relationships to important aspects of organizational processes are suggested in the third chapter. Finally, information is provided to enable a reader to gain access to and utilize existing software for conducting a large-scale network analysis by computer. (Author/RB)

Published
1974

102. Disk File Management in a Medium-Scale Time-Sharing System.

Author

Pittsburgh Univ., PA. Learning Research and Development Center., Fitzhugh, Robert J., and Pethia, Richard D.

Abstract

The paper descibes a compact and highly efficient disk file management system responsible for the management and allocation of space on moving head disk drives in a medium-scale time-sharing system. The disk file management system is a major component of the Experimental Time-Sharing System (ETSS) developed at the Learning Research and Development Center. ETSS has been successfully operating for nearly two years and is a multilanguage general-purpose time-sharing system based on Digital Equipment Coporation's PDP-15. (Author)

Published
1974

103. Shaping Computing and Information Processing as a Vital National Resource. (Keynote Address).

Author

American Federation of Information Processing Societies, Montvale, NJ. and Glaser, George

Abstract

New technical specialties are emerging within the computer industry at a rate threatening the ability of educational institutions to train those who would understand and apply them. The industry's ability to undertake more ambitious projects and to thereby solve more complex problems is limited by an inadequate force of skilled manpower. Thus, it finds itself in the following position: (1) there exists a distressingly large number of poorly qualified people at all levels; (2) those who are now competent are becoming less so every day as technological developments continue; (3) long-term career prospects for data processing people in most user organizations are not sufficiently promising to attract the talented; (4) universities are turning out far too few computer-oriented problem-solvers; and (5) the industry is having a difficult time achieving professional maturity. The solution of these problems will require considerable effort. (Author/WCM)

Published
1974

104. Artificial Intelligence and Linguistics: A Brief History of a One-Way Relationship.

Author

Rosenberg, Richard S.

Abstract

For the past 15 years there has been a serious interest in the processing of natural language (English) by researchers in Artificial Intelligence (A.I.). This processing has included machine translation, question-answering systems, man-machine dialogue, and speech understanding. This interest has engendered an awareness of and a concern with the ongoing activity in contemporary linguistics. Therefore, it may be of interest to linguistis to discover what has seemed important for A.I. and how it has been adapted and used. Thus a brief history of the relation (almost always one-way) between A.I. and linguistics is presented. Some of the works in A.I. surveyed range from those of the early sixties, such as Lindsay's SAD SAM, Green et al BASEBALL, and Bobrow's STUDENT, to more recent efforts, including Wood's transition network grammars, Winograd's SHRDLU, and Schank's conceptual dependency models. In one way or another, these computer programs and others depend on the work of Chomsky, both "Syntactic Structures" and "Aspects," Halliday's systemic grammar, and some of the ideas of generative semantics as developed by G. Lakoff, McCawley, and Fillmore. (Author/KM)

Published
1975

105. On Information Science Education: A Rebellious View.

Author

Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA. Graduate School of Library Science. and Meadow, Charles T.

Abstract

The first of information science is in something of a jumble, because there is no universally accepted definition of the field, much less an agreement on what the core information is or what curriculum should be followed. Information science teachers must decide what kind of graduate they are trying to turn out in order to be competitive with business and computer science graduates. The job market for information science graduates is potentially larger than the current one composed of libraries and information marketing companies. In order to be competitive in this larger job market, information science curriculum should be strengthened so that library science graduates know information technology and how to use it on an equal basis with computer and business graduates. An attempt should be made to attract more business and science students into the field of information science. (KKC)

Published
1974

106. The Design and Implementation of an On-Line Information System to Facilitate the Management of Individualized Instruction.

Author

Pittsburgh Univ., PA. Learning Research and Development Center. and Hsu, T.

Abstract

An on-line information system was designed and implemented in an elementary school using a time-sharing DEC-15 computer system to facilitate the management of individualized instruction. The system stores students' background information, test data, and instructional tasks. Teachers and researchers were able to retrieve desired data using either the standardized reports or the flexible QUERY program. The paper emphasizes how the data base structure contributes to retrieval speed and output format flexibility, and how the organization of the system facilitates data base updating and student data utilization for monitoring student programs. (Author/SK)

Published
1975

107. Criterion-Referenced Curricular Decision-Making; Critical Computer Applications.

Author

Worner, Roger B.

Abstract

The most promising and significant utilization of computer science in school districts is said to be in the domain of curricular decision making. The potential for humanizing instruction for students and refining the content and make-up of curricular offerings is particularly emphasized. A step-by-step decision making method is advanced as follows: identifying and sequencing skills and processes; referencing skills and processes to curricular materials; constructing representative test items; referencing test items to skills and processes; and establishing decision rules. Methods for improving more effective delivery of services to students are described, along with the use of computers in curricular material organization and cost-effectiveness analysis. (SK)

Published
1975

108. Detecting Syntactic Ambiguity: Three Augmented Transition Network Techniques.

Author

Herman, L. Russell

Abstract

When a grammar is expressed in augmented transition network (ATN) form, the problem of detecting syntactic ambuguity reduces to finding all possible paths through the ATNs. Each successfully terminating path through the ATN generates an acceptable parsing of the input string. Two ATN forms, minimal-node and pseudo-tree, are described along with the conventions for traversing each. The two forms are compared in regard to efficient use of computer time and space and in regard to appropriateness for each of the three path-finding techniques. Three techniques are discussed for finding all acceptable paths through ATNs. The techniques are "Backtracking,""Simultaneous Parallel Analysis," and "Amputate And Re-enter." Relative merits of the three techniques are discussed in terms of computer execution time, required data storage, programmer time, and amenability of the program to modification. A rudimentary ATN-based parser for English has been written in SPITBOL to test the implementation of these techniques. (Author)

Published
1975

109. Microprocessors in U.S. Electrical Engineering Departments, 1974-1975.

Author

Sloan, M. E.

Abstract

Drawn from a survey of engineering departments known to be teaching microprocessor courses, this paper shows that the adoption of microprocessors by Electrical Engineering Departments has been rapid compared with their adoption of minicomputers. The types of courses that are being taught can be categorized as: surveys of microprocessors, intensive study of one microcomputer, inclusion of microprocessors in a general course, project courses, and specific applications courses. (MLH)

Published
1975

110. The Next Great Crisis in American Education: Computer Literacy.

Author

Molnar, Andrew R.

Abstract

Described is the current state of computer science education in this country. The information explosion in science and the shift in our economy from the production of industrial goods to a greater emphasis on science and knowledge-based industries has created a discontinuity in the nature of jobs and our educational needs. Computers are not a major part of American education, but have become indispensible to the operation of science, business, and government. Many schools have introduced computers into their curriculum, but the paper stresses that these local efforts only partially satisfy the country's needs at costs that are prohibitive and unnecessary when viewed nationally. Other nations have begun the task of restructuring their systems to include computers. It is stated that there is a national need to foster computer literacy, or the next crisis in American education will be the computer literacy crisis. (MP)

Published
1978

111. Reflections on Computers and Metacognition.

Author

Psotka, Joseph

Abstract

Current notions of metacognition merge with the predominant scientific model used in psychology, that of information processing. Metacognition is seen as a control process that governs the action of more elemental cognitive skills. Given the centrality of this notion, it is important that metacognition should be examined in detail. From the point of view of how metacognition relates to highly sophisticated computer systems in use today and in development for the future the following are discussed: (1) debugging and metacognition; (2) cognitive compatibility and learning; (3) problem definition and analyses; (4) procedures and facts; (5) process and product; and (6) tools for the mind. The perspective of this paper is that higher order languages like logo and lisp are only beginning to have an impact on the understanding of psychological processes. The whole development of computer-aided instruction, artificial intelligence, and special environments for instruction will unquestionably have profound effects on education, but its more enduring and important effect may well be increasing the understanding of cognition and learning. (PN)

Published
1985

112. Prospects and Challenges for Using Microcomputers in School. Technical Report No. 7.

Author

Bank Street Coll. of Education, New York, NY. Center for Children and Technology. and Pea, Roy D.

Abstract

Prepared as an address for educator groups, this paper provides a theoretical perspective for thinking about problems and prospects for integrating microcomputer uses in school activities. Six major aspects of the perspective are defined: (1) the computer as general-purpose symbolic device; (2) the importance of developmental studies of children's understanding; (3) the importance of teachers and instruction; (4) the need to make computer-based learning purposive; (5) the aim of meeting educational goals effectively; and (6) the guidance of computer use by educational values. Current innovative uses of school technologies in the following areas are discussed: simulations, art and music instruction, writing skills, software for conceptual dexterity, integrated media for math and science learning, and programming languages. A list of references is included. (Author/THC)

Published
1984

113. 'Computers: Cure-All or Snake Oil?' Proceedings from the Spring Meeting of the Nebraska Library Association, College and University Section (Bellevue, Nebraska, April 20, 1984).

Author

Nebraska Library Association, Lincoln. and Krzywkowski, Valerie I.

Abstract

The 15 papers in this collection discuss various aspects of computer use in libraries and several other aspects of library service not directly related to computers. Following an introduction and a list of officers, the papers are: (1) "Criminal Justice and Related Databases" (Kate E. Adams); (2) "Software and Hard Thought: Searching with a Microcomputer" (John Montag and Michaelyn Burnette); (3) "Converting to ALIS II--Cure-All or Snake Oil?" (Anita I. Cook and Sandra S. Herzinger); (4) "Trouble Shooting or Shooting Your Trouble" (Joseph A. Starratt); (5) "The Role of Statistics in Managing Library Instruction Programs" (abstract only--Scott Stebelman); (6) "Systems Dynamics and Libraries: Proof of Concept" (John Paxton and Carol A. Singer); (7) "New Loan Policy: A Prescription for Calvin T. Ryan Library" (Sharon L. Mason); (8) "A Beginner's Guide to Compiling Journal Lists for High Usage Subject Indexes via the Microcomputer" (Gale K. Gember); (9) "Library Systems in Nebraska" (Ella Jane Bailey); (10) "The Library International Affairs Committee at the University of Nebraska at Omaha" (Carole A. Larson); (11) "The Great Plains Experience in Northeast Nebraska--An Academic Outreach" (Jack L. Middendorf); (12) "Integrated Library Systems in Context" (Carroll Varner); (13) "Scenes from the Reference Desk: A Social Interactionist Account" (Virginia Moreland); (14) "Microcomputer Selection for Academic Libraries: A Guide and Checklist of Methodologies" (Mel Bohn); and (15) "Using the Microcomputer for Library Management Functions" (Marjorie B. Wannarka). (THC)

Published
1984

114. Communications Technologies: Their Effect on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education. Information Series No. 244.

Author

ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education, Columbus, OH. and Singer, Norman M.

Abstract

This compilation of four papers provides an overview of recent developments in communications technologies and suggests how these developments will affect adult, career, and vocational education. Following an introduction, by Juliet V. Miller, that both summarizes each of the papers and synthesizes the information presented, the first paper, by Christopher J. Dede, considers the reshaping of adult, career, and vocational education by the emerging communications technologies. Discussed are the way changes are affecting the world of work and, subsequently, educational content and delivery. The second paper, "Recent Developments in Telecommunications Technology," by Frank W. Norwood, reviews developments that will lead to the home becoming a telecommunications center with the capability of delivering a wide variety of knowledge and instruction. Next, Jo Ann Harris-Bowlsbey, in "Educational Applications of Communications Technology," addresses three questions: (1) How can educators be trained to use communications technologies? (2) How can computers assist individuals in career decision making? and (3) How can computers be used to support instruction? The final paper, by Katy Brown Greenwood, focuses on the need for and process of developing a philosophy to guide the use of communications technology in vocational education. The author emphasizes studying alternative futures and past and current values in order to broaden vocational education for the preferred future. A list of references concludes the document. (DTT)

Published
1982

115. Varieties of Dialogue: Technological Literacy and Verbal Literacy.

Author

Van Dyke, Carolynn

Abstract

The borrowing of words by computer sciences from the field of English implies a widespread interest in the relationship between technology and language. To confirm the genealogy of "technological literacy," it would be useful to understand better linguistic literacy. To be literate is to be able to participate in the linguistic interchanges that constitute the social life, work, art, and government of a culture. From that definition follow certain policies about the teaching of literacy. First, believing that one learns to participate in cultural dialogue by degrees, many educators argue that literacy should be taught throughout the curriculum, rather than only in introductory English courses. Second, insofar as English teachers bear a particular responsibility for literacy, many of them try to draw students into dialogue rather than drilling or lecturing them. Third, recognizing that literacy will not automatically promote individual development and critical thinking, many English teachers now pursue those goals deliberately by leading students to take responsibility for their own topics and styles. Technological literacy should be reconceived on the analogy of linguistic literacy, as participation in cultural dialogues about and through technology. The ends of literacy can best be served by teaching the languages of technology "as" languages: symbolic means of understanding and controlling reality. (MS)

Published
1987

116. Findings and Implications of a Descriptive Approach to Thinking.

Author

Aanstoos, Christopher M.

Abstract

In this paper the theory that human thinking proceeds according to the computer model, or symbol manipulation, is reviewed and challenged. The research used as subjects five highly rated tournament chess players who "thought aloud" during a chess game to provide tape recorded protocols of decisions made while playing. These protocols were then analyzed phenomenologically in three steps. Results are presented for nine specific issues in which the phenomenological approach differs from computer simulation programs: the look ahead function, purposiveness, goal seeking, memory, overall sense of the task, level of knowing, role of experience, expectations, and opponent's style. The most significant general divergence between the two methods is noted as the computer's ability to thematize millions of possible subsequent combinations of moves while a person can thematize only a few dozen possibilities. The paper concludes that, given the divergence between the two models, a descriptive method can be useful for the psychology of thinking. Results are followed by a list of references. (ABB)

Published
1985

117. Future Directions in Computational Mathematics, Algorithms, and Scientific Software. Report of the Panel.

Author

Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA.

Abstract

The critical role of computers in scientific advancement is described in this panel report. With the growing range and complexity of problems that must be solved and with demands of new generations of computers and computer architecture, the importance of computational mathematics is increasing. Multidisciplinary teams are needed; these are found in most advanced and industrial laboratories, but rarely in universities. The existing educational opportunities are not producing the required personnel to meet substantial shortages. Therefore, the panel strongly recommends increased federal support for: (1) research in computational mathematics, methods, algorithms, and software for scientific computing; (2) the development of interdisciplinary research teams; (3) the establishment and continued operation of a suitable research infrastructure for the teams; (4) graduate and post-doctoral students directly involved in the research of some interdisciplinary team; and (5) young researchers and cross-disciplinary visitors. In the second section, research opportunities in a number of mathematical areas are described. New modes of research are discussed next, followed by comments on educational needs and a final section on funding considerations. Appendices contain a list of related reports, information on laboratory facilities for scientific computing, and letters and position papers. (MNS)

Published
1985

118. Patterns for Development of Education in Information Science.

Author

Academy for Educational Development, Washington, DC. and Belzer, Jack

Abstract

During the past decade, the scope of information science has been evolving into a broader but better defined area of specialization. In this paper several of the definitions of information science which have been suggested by various professional groups are discussed. The educational objectives of information science are identified, and the curricula necessary to achieve these objectives are outlined. The paper discusses the changing nature of the library's role in information science and the impact of computers on the field of information science in general. A list of references is appended. (JY)

Published
1970

119. Predictors of Dissemination Success of STEM Learning Innovations: An Empirical Investigation

Author

Bourrie, David Michael

Abstract

Although a great deal of work has been done to develop new educational innovations, in the field of engineering, few innovations have found widespread acceptance in the classroom. Therefore, frameworks that conceptualize the interactions among the variables that influence successful dissemination are critical. In this dissertation, dissemination is defined as a process of first creating an awareness of an educational innovation, then influencing the intention to adopt, the actual adoption, and finally the routine use of that innovation (Fincher, 2000; Gravestock, 2002; Hutchinson & Huberman, 1994; King, 2003). This dissertation establishes the importance of achieving three research goals: (1) developing a framework that describes the interrelationships among the characteristics of educational innovations and an organizations' readiness to disseminate, (2) having an expert panel rank the characteristics of the educational innovations and readiness of faculty members, administrators, and students to disseminate, and (3) testing whether important characteristics of educational innovations and readiness of faculty members variables are significant predictors of successful dissemination. Three papers using different methodologies were sequentially developed to achieve the research goals: (1) a systematic literature review of recent dissemination literature, (2) a Delphi study of grant recipients who had disseminated educational innovations, and (3) a survey of electrical engineering and computer science faculty members. Analysis of the results from these papers led to the following findings: (1) Ease of use of an educational innovation and care about student learning outcomes were significant predictors of intention to adopt that innovation; (2) Efficacy of faculty members toward change and valence moderated the relationship between ease of use and intention to adopt educational innovations; (3) Attitude to educational innovation moderated the relationship between ease of use and intention to adopt educational innovations and moderated the relationship between intention to adopt and adoption; and (4) Awareness of others using an educational innovation was a significant predictor of adopting an educational innovation. The results of this dissertation may be leveraged by developers, faculty members, department chairs, college deans, and grant program managers, to successfully disseminate educational innovations in engineering and technology disciplines. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2014

120. Engineering Technologies and the Role of the Computer.

Author

Reed, Lester W.

Abstract

This discussion of computers and their place in the field of engineering technology begins with an outline of the historical development and significance of computers, tracing advancements from the first generation of computers, which began to be produced in 1946, to current third-generation models; reviewing the current state of the art in computer technology; and projecting likely developments in the field. Next, the educational implications of computer technology are examined in terms of computer-assisted and computer-managed instruction and preparation of students to use computers in their chosen career. Next, a discussion of the field of engineering technology defines and sets forth the scope of the discipline, considers industrial occupational patterns, and looks at computer use in industrial technical areas for standard and special problem solving, data gathering and analysis, process control, and design and manufacturing support. Then, the paper focuses on the computer skills necessary in engineering occupations and on relevant equipment and software considerations. After a section on the effects of changes in computer technology on engineering faculty and on methods of updating faculty skills, such as short courses, workshops, and return to industry, the paper touches upon issues of curriculum development. The paper includes charts, illustrations, and a computer literacy questionnaire and answer key. (HB)

Published
1982

121. Recruiting Women into Computer Science and Information Systems

Author

Broad, Steven and McGee, Meredith

Abstract

While many technical disciplines have reached or are moving toward gender parity in the number of bachelors degrees in those fields, the percentage of women graduating in computer science remains stubbornly low. Many recent efforts to address this situation have focused on retention of undergraduate majors or graduate students, recruiting undergraduate women into graduate programs, or appealing to girls through K12-focused experiences. Our approach focuses more specifically on recruiting women to take their first "major-track" computer science course (CS1) and strategically redeveloping that course to spur interest in computing. Our strategy for so doing is to better understand how women view computer science prior to any direct experience in college-level study, developing a woman-centered first programming course that focuses on fundamentally-sound curriculum, addressing the retention recommendations offered in other studies, and face-to-face recruiting to encourage students to register for their first course. [For full proceedings, see ED571297.]

Published
2014

122. Incorporating Social Oriented Agent and Interactive Simulation in E-learning: Impact on Learning, Perceptions, Experiences to Non-Native English Students

Author

Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education, Ballera, Melvin, and Elssaedi, Mosbah Moham

Abstract

There is an unrealized potential in the use of socially-oriented pedagogical agent and interactive simulation in e-learning system. In this paper, we investigate the impact of having a socially oriented tutor agent and the incorporation of interactive simulation in e-learning into student performances, perceptions and experiences for non-native English speakers students of computer science. Quasi-experimental results indicate that there is an increase on students performance in an agent plus interactive simulations while the perceptions on agent's ability to interact and communicate varies significantly. Qualitative results reveal that the use of interactive simulations and social agent is memorable, deepen learning but provides informal communication, dissatisfaction and limited. (Contains 2 figures and 3 tables.) [For the complete proceedings, "E-Learn 2012. World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, & Higher Education. Proceedings (Montreal, Quebec, Canada, October 9-12, 2012)," see ED539516.]

Published
2012

123. New Challenges in Education: Retrospection of History of Education to the Future in the Interdisciplinary Dialogue among Didactics of Various School Subjects

Author

Gallová, Mária, Guncaga, Ján, Chanasová, Zuzana, Chovancová, Michaela Moldová, Gallová, Mária, Guncaga, Ján, Chanasová, Zuzana, and Chovancová, Michaela Moldová

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this scientific monograph is to show new and creative approaches to different school subjects in primary and secondary level. Methodology: Interdisciplinary and international comparative approaches were used. Now according to the 7th Framework Program, the preferred form of Science Education (www.scientix.eu) is preferred inquiry-based learning. Chapters in the monograph bring a lot of different kinds of motivation for teachers in practise. Results: Results indicate that using constructivist and inquiry-based learning methods bring positive results in motivation and development of key competencies by pupils in primary and secondary level. Conclusions: Results show that pupils who are working in groups and led by teachers as managers of theirs own activities have better results than pupils led in transmissive form. Recommendations: Educators need to increase their knowledge of the effects of constructivist teaching to pupils and need international and interdisciplinary exchange of best practices. Additional data: Monograph was supported by Erasmus Intensive Program. [Contents of this monograph are as follows: (1) Some Interactive Elementary Mathematics Lessons (Edith Debrenti); (2) Origami and Mathematics (Asuman Duatepe Paksu); (3) New Inequalities in Higher Education: Pre-Service Teachers in Partium Region (Agnes Reka Dusa and Edina Kovacs); (4) Instructional Software with Focus on Instructional Games in Mathematics and Chemistry Education (Pavla Hanzalova and Katerina Chroustova); (5) On a Method Solving Some Mathematical Problems Using Quantifier Elimination (Lukas Honzik); (6) Importance of Narration in Primary Education (Zuzana Chanasova); (7) Use of Educational Software for Mathematics and Computer Science (Jan Guncaga, Janka Majherova, and Hedviga Palasthy); (8) Education in Smart Cities (Sevinc Gulsecen, Serra Celik, Sebnem Ozdemir, Tuba Ugras, and Mustafa Ozcan); (9) Education of the Pupil for Life in the Complex Society and the Role of the Teacher in this Process (Giuseppi Mari); (10) Curricula and Values in Teacher Training (Silvia Matusova); (11) Introduction to Computer Animation and Its Possible Educational Applications (Sajid Musa, Rushan Ziatdinov, Carol Griffiths); (12) Pedagogical Training from the Pre-Service Teachers' Point of View at the University of Debrecen--A Pilot Research (Zoltan Nagy, Krisztina Banoczki, Eszter Gerjak, Daniel Karai, Jozsef Katona, Edina Malmos, and Eva Fruzsina Racz; (13) Sprachliche Attituden der Slowaken in Sudostungarn--Einfluss zum Schulwesen (Sandor Janos Toth); and (14) Science Education--Formal versus Informal Education (Zuzana Vaclavikova). [Individual papers contain bibliographies.]

Published
2013

124. A Tale of Two Paradigms: Disambiguating Extracted Entities with Applications to a Digital Library and the Web

Author

Huang, Jian

Abstract

With the increasing wealth of information on the Web, information integration is ubiquitous as the same real-world entity may appear in a variety of forms extracted from different sources. This dissertation proposes supervised and unsupervised algorithms that are naturally integrated in a scalable framework to solve the entity resolution problem, which lies at the heart of the information integration process. This dissertation focuses on two incarnations of the entity resolution problem that arise in the data mining and natural language processing areas. First, "name disambiguation" occurs when one is seeking a list of publications of an author in a digital library, who has used different name variations and when there are multiple other authors with the same name. We present an efficient integrative framework that disambiguates the extracted author metadata from paper headers in a divide-and-conquer fashion: based on the metadata records extracted from paper headers, a blocking method retrieves candidate classes of authors with similar names and a density-based clustering method, DBSCAN, clusters the records by author. The distance metric between papers used for clustering is calculated by an online active selection Support Vector Machines algorithm LASVM. We prove that by recasting transitivity as density connectivity in DBSCAN, transitivity is guaranteed for core points. The method achieves high accuracy on a manually labeled dataset and readily disambiguates about a million author metadata records in CiteSeer, which paves the way for the fielded search by author name feature in CiteSeer[superscript X]. Second, as a key step towards document understanding in natural language processing, we investigate the problem of "cross document coreference" (CDC), which aims to decipher the true reference of a named entity across the boundary of documents. This dissertation presents a novel cross document coreference approach that leverages the profiles of entities which are constructed by information extraction tools and reconciled using a within-document coreference module. We propose to match the profiles by using a learned ensemble distance function comprised of a suite of similarity specialists. We develop a kernelized soft relational clustering algorithm that makes use of the learned distance function to partition the entities into fuzzy sets of identities. Evaluation on a large benchmark collection shows that the proposed methods achieve competitive coreference results. We further discuss the details of the implementation of the CDC and web person search system. This dissertation surveys the literature on author name disambiguation in citations and paper headers, citation matching and cross document coreference. Additionally, we explore the social networks of the disambiguated authors, performing a comprehensive study of the network and community level characteristics and proposing a stochastic model to predict collaborations of individuals. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2010

125. Hypertextual Ultrastructures: Movement and Containment in Texts and Hypertexts

Author

Coste, Rosemarie L.

Abstract

The surface-level experience of hypertextuality as formless and unbounded, blurring boundaries among texts and between readers and writers, is created by a deep structure which is not normally presented to readers and which, like the ultrastructure of living cells, defines and controls texts' nature and functions. Most readers, restricted to surface-level interaction with texts, have little access to the deep structure of any hypertext. In this dissertation, I argue that digital hypertexts differ essentially from paper texts in that hypertexts are constructed in multiple layers, with surface-level appearance and behavior controlled by sub-surface ultrastructure, and that these multiple layers of structure enable and necessitate new methods of textual study designed for digital texts. Using participant-observation from within my own practice as a webmaster, I closely examine the sub-surface structural layers that create several kinds of Web-based digital hypertexts: blogs, forums, static Web pages, and dynamic Web pages. With these hypertexts as the primary models, along with their enabling software and additional digital texts--wikis, news aggregators, word processing documents, digital photographs, electronic mail, electronic forms--available to me as a reader/author rather than a webmaster, I demonstrate methods of investigating and describing the development of digital texts. These methods, like methods already established within textual studies to trace the development of printed texts, can answer questions about accidental and intentional textual change, the roles of collaborators, and the ways texts are shaped by production processes and mediating technologies. As a step toward a formalist criticism of hypertext, I propose concrete ways of categorizing, describing, and comparing hypertexts and their components. I also demonstrate techniques for visualizing the structures, histories, and interrelationships of hypertexts and explore methods of using self-descriptive surface elements in paper-like texts as partial substitutes for the sub-surface self-description available in software-like texts. By identifying digitization as a gateway to cooperation between human and artificial intelligences rather than an end in itself, I suggest natural areas of expansion for the humanities computing collaboration as well as new methodologies by which originally-printed texts can be studied in their digital forms alongside originally-digital texts. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2009

126. A Project-Based Learning Setting to Human-Computer Interaction for Teenagers

Author

International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), Geyer, Cornelia, and Geisler, Stefan

Abstract

Knowledge of fundamentals of human-computer interaction resp. usability engineering is getting more and more important in technical domains. However this interdisciplinary field of work and corresponding degree programs are not broadly known. Therefore at the Hochschule Ruhr West, University of Applied Sciences, a program was developed to give teen-aged pupils insights into this area in a project-based learning environment with professional tools. Within the last 18 month this project was successfully conducted several times with participants of different age. (Contains 3 figures.) [For the complete proceedings, "Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA) (Madrid, Spain, Oct 19-21, 2012)," see ED542606.]

Published
2012

127. Enterprise 3.0 in Engineering Education

Author

Ahrens, Andreas and Zascerinska, Jelena

Abstract

Enterprise 3.0 offers potential solutions for the quality, maintenance and sustainable development of services. The synergy between Enterprise 3.0 and engineering education advances the development of innovative products, processes and services in the European economy. Aim of the research is to analyze student engineers' use of Enterprise 3.0 within engineering education. The meaning of the key concepts of Enterprise 3.0 and Enterprise 3.0 curriculum are studied. Moreover, the study demonstrates how the key concept is related to the idea of engineering education. The explorative research has been used. The sample involves 28 participants of the Sixth Baltic Summer School "Technical Informatics and Information Technology" at Kaunas Technical University, Lithuania, August 13-28, 2010. The empirical results reveal that the student engineers are able to adapt new technologies and their benefits easily. Directions of further studies are elaborated. (Contains 4 figures and 2 tables.)

Published
2011

128. Student Usage Patterns and Perceptions for Differentiated Lab Exercises in an Undergraduate Programming Course

Author

Mok, Heng Ngee

Abstract

Differentiated instruction in the form of tiered take-home lab exercises was implemented for students of an undergraduate-level programming course. This paper attempts to uncover the perceptions and usage patterns of students toward these new lab exercises using a comprehensive survey. Findings reveal that these tiered exercises are generally very well received and preferred over their traditional "one size fits all" counter-parts. Although the study does not show that tiered exercises have improved proficiency or scores, it does seem to indicate higher student engagement and motivation levels. Based on the survey results, a list of recommendations is put forth for the structure and format of tiered exercises that can be applied to future offerings of this programming course as well as to other similar courses. (Contains 2 figures.)

Published
2011

129. Interest in ICT Studies and Careers: Perspectives of Senior High School Female Students in Three Districts in the Central Region of Ghana

Author

Ayebi-Arthur, Kofi

Abstract

The under-representation of females in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) fields of study and careers continues to attract considerable attention. This article discusses findings of a research that investigated interest in ICT studies and careers among female secondary school students from schools in three districts in the Central Region of Ghana. The article outlines the demographic background of the participating girls, their experiences with ICT, and their preferences for future studies and careers in ICT. Engineering was the least preferred career choice among female science students in coeducational schools whilst Computer Science/ICT and Nursing were the least preferred career choice among science students in female only schools. However, Medicine was the most preferred career choice among students of both types of schools. [This paper was published in the "Ghana Journal of Education and Teaching," No. 12 (2011).] (Contains 4 tables.)

Published
2011

130. Which Search Engine Is the Most Used One among University Students?

Author

Cavus, Nadire and Alpan, Kezban

Abstract

The importance of information is increasing in the information age that we are living in with internet becoming the major information resource for people with rapidly increasing number of documents. This situation makes finding information on the internet without web search engines impossible. The aim of the study is revealing most widely used search engine among university students in Near East University. The investigation described in the study was carried out with 300 random voluntary students. The results obtained were analyzed using descriptive methods and constructed. The results indicated that Google is the most widely used search engine by students. To enlarge the scope of the research, number of universities and students might increase. The results of this study add empirical data to the relevant field and are expected to help computer science students, experts, instructors, and everyone else who wants to reach information via the internet. (Contains 2 figures and 2 tables.)

Published
2010

131. Innovative Public Engagement Practices and Partnerships: Lifting Stakeholder Voices in Education Accountability Policy

Author

Wills, Monica, Brewer, Curtis, Knoeppel, Robert, Witte, James, Pargas, Roy, and Lindle, Jane Clark

Abstract

In 2008, due to increasing stakeholder dissatisfaction with assessment results and school report cards, South Carolina revised its 1998 Educational Accountability Act and required public engagement with stakeholders including parents/guardians, educators, business and community leaders, and taxpayers. The legislation created partnerships between SC Education Oversight Committee (EOC) and Clemson University. The project also brought together within the university the fields of Applied Sociology, Computer Science, and Educational Leadership. The project involved mixed methods using phone/web surveys with focus groups eliciting perceptions from key stakeholders and under-represented voices in the surveys. (Contains 1 endnote and 3 figures.) [This project was supported with a contract from the Education Oversight Committee of the South Carolina General Assembly.]

Published
2010

132. Bridging the Gap between Higher Education and the Telecommunications Engineering Sector

Author

Muhammad, Sajid Sheikh, Aurangzeb, Muhammad, and Tarique, Imtiaz

Abstract

In this paper, the growth of the telecommunication sector in Pakistan and consequent development in the related professional education is studied. The widening gap between the telecommunication industry and associated education sector is identified. The higher educational programs in Pakistan have grown very rapidly to meet the needs of the explosive growth in the telecommunications' engineering sector but this growth is not in synchronization with the requirements of the industry due to non-existence of collaboration and co-operation between the two. The professional education in telecommunication in Pakistan and the higher educational degree programs are very precisely focused on producing quality graduates with refined technical and mathematical skills. While the telecom sector in Pakistan is in principle a service provider and a consumer market that mainly requires engineers for operation and maintenance related activities. As such the skills imparted by the education sector are rarely utilized, which results in dissatisfaction among the telecommunications' engineers. A survey of both the telecommunication sector and the academia has been conducted along with detailed discussions to explore the reasons for this ever-increasing gap, ways and means to arrest this trend and future course of action for the academia and the telecom sector to develop. A study related to other emerging technical fields like computer science has also been made for the comparison. On the basis of this extensive exercise outlined above, measures have been suggested to bridge the gap between the education and the industrial needs of the telecom sector. By adopting these measures not only our education sector will become more beneficial to the industry, but the industry would also get the advantage of immense potential of young graduates and the academic research.

Published
2009

133. Degrees Conferred by Connecticut Institutions of Higher Education Highlights, 2007-08. Report

Author

Connecticut Department of Higher Education

Abstract

This paper presents the degrees conferred by Connecticut institutions of higher education in 2007-08. Connecticut colleges and universities awarded 36,634 degrees in 2007-08 (up 1.6% over 2006-07), the state's seventh consecutive year of growth and a 28 percent increase since 1998. Once again, the top five degree-producing disciplines were business, health professions, education, social sciences/history and liberal arts and sciences. Those five fields comprise 57 percent of all degrees and are up 22 percent over the last decade. All but business and education (both down 1%) saw gains in 2008. Degrees across the health professions increased seven percent to 4,179 in 2008 and are 29 percent above their production in 2004. Nursing degrees were down two percent (i.e., 20 fewer awards) in 2008, but are up 32 percent above 2004. Degrees across four other fields important to Connecticut's economy (engineering, physical and biological sciences and computer science) increased six percent over 2007 and rose a cumulative 14 percent since 2004. Forty-two percent (1,457) of teacher preparation awards were in the 10 critical shortage areas identified last year by the State Department of Education. Degrees awarded to minority students increased 1.3 percent. Degrees earned by African Americans fell (2.6%) for a second consecutive year, but degrees to Hispanics/Latinos were up 6.0 percent. Minority students earned 17.6 percent of all awards in 2007-08, up from 13.4 percent 10 years ago. Women earned 59.1 percent of all degrees, up from 55.3 percent two decades ago, down slightly from their record high of 60.3 percent set in 2005-06. Appended are: (1) Degrees and Certificates Granted by Colleges and Universities in Connecticut, 2007-08; (2) Degrees and Certificates by Level and Race/Ethnicity Connecticut Colleges and Universities, 2007-08; and (3) Degrees and Certificates by Level, Discipline and Gender of Recipient Discipline Connecticut Colleges and Universities, 2007-08. (Contains 7 tables.)

Published
2009

134. AccessComputing: Building Capacity for Veterans

Author

University of Washington, DO-IT

Abstract

A series of activities have been undertaken to increase the participation of veterans with disabilities in computing and information technology (IT) postsecondary education and career fields. These activities were coordinated by the Alliance for Access to Computing Careers ("AccessComputing"), led by the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, and DO-IT (Disabilities, Opportunities, Internetworking, and Technology) at the University of Washington (UW). "AccessComputing" collaborates with project partners in a variety of ways: (1) Conducting a "Capacity-Building Institute" ("CBI") focused on increasing the participation of veterans with disabilities in computing and IT academic programs and careers; (2) Sharing the results of the "CBI" with other institutions and individuals who serve veterans; (3) Providing an electronic forum to continue discussion of veterans issues and increase services and supports for veterans; and (4) Extending resources to other programs and promising practices via an online searchable Knowledge Base. The "AccessComputing: Building Capacity for Veterans with Disabilities CBI" took place February 10-13, 2009, in Seattle. Its overall purpose was to explore ways to increase the participation and success of veterans with disabilities in computing and information technology postsecondary studies and careers. Participants in this two-and-one-half day event included student services leaders, administrators, and teaching faculty from institutions around the county. Hosted by the UW, the "CBI" provided a forum for comparing recruitment and access challenges, sharing successful practices, developing collaborations, and identifying systemic change initiatives for increasing the capacity of institutions to serve veterans with disabilities. Specific goals of this "CBI" were to: (1) gain information about recruiting, serving, and retaining veterans on postsecondary campuses; (2) brainstorm ideas for bridging the gap between computing faculty, disability services faculty, and veterans services; (3) share information about best practices for serving veterans, funding opportunities, and resources; and (4) network. The agenda for the "CBI," summaries of the presentations and panels, and reports from the working group discussions are presented.

Published
2009

135. A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) versus Class Room Lecture (RL) for Computer Science at ICS Level

Author

Kausar, Tayyaba, Choudhry, Bushra Naoreen, and Gujjar, Aijaz Ahm

Abstract

This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CAI vs. classroom lecture for computer science at ICS level. The objectives were to compare the learning effects of two groups with class room lecture and computer assisted instruction studying the same curriculum and the effects of CAI and CRL in terms of cognitive development. Hypothesis of this research were based on six levels of blooms taxonomy as there was one major hypothesis: There is no significant difference exist for CAI student in gaining a high cognitive achievement than students of same level having Traditional CRL. The study was delimited to three colleges of Faisalabad city. The research was true- experimental in nature. The research design followed by researcher is The Pre-test - Post test Equivalent groups Deign. The software used for CAI group was basically the combination of Discovery environment and simulation soft wares, however, the time for drilling and practice was given to student. It a designed to cover the all levels of cognitive domain described by B. S. Blooms (1956). A question paper containing 30 items multiple choice test was compiled from the curriculum, with a representative number of questions from each of the cognitive levels. Findings of this research indicate that total gain in cognitive domain by CAI was significantly superior to the total gain in cognitive domain by CRL teaching method. This study concluded that the skills of knowledge, analysis and synthesis assured significant increase. The CAI proved to be very much effective in increasing the evaluation and application skills of students to experimental group. Comprehension skill, however, not much affected by the CAI. According to the results of this study it was suggested that CAI as an effective teaching method should be applied to improve teaching quality and by using CAI it will be possible to eliminate lingual, regional and ethical biases between teacher and student. (Contains 7 tables and 1 figure.)

Published
2008

136. Solomon Marcus Contributions to Theoretical Computer Science and Applications.

Author

Calude, Cristian S. and Păun, Gheorghe

Subjects
COMPUTER science, NATURAL computation, MATHEMATICAL linguistics, MACHINE theory
Abstract

Solomon Marcus (1925-2016) was one of the founders of the Romanian theoretical computer science. His pioneering contributions to automata and formal language theories, mathematical linguistics and natural computing have been widely recognised internationally. In this paper we briefly present his publications in theoretical computer science and related areas, which consist in almost ninety papers. Finally we present a selection of ten Marcus books in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

137. A Relational Model of the Financial Data Collected from Local Education Agencies by a State Department of Education.

Author

Mills, Richard P.

Abstract

The educational community is recognizing that it has had little direct control over or knowledge of educational data collection. The objective of this paper is to present a description of presently collected financial data collected by a state education department. An entity set model is used to create a relational view of the data to facilitate development of an integrated data base. Methodology includes analysis of data collection instruments, interviews with users, and creation of relational models. The scope, structure, response burden, and adequacy of the financial data system are described. A neglected methodology is introduced to educational data description. (Author/MLF)

Published
1978

138. Selected Needs of Elementary/Secondary Education in the 1980's.

Author

Phillips, A. Craig

Abstract

Schools must strive to maintain a balanced curriculum in which students acquire basic skills in communication, computation, citizenship, healthful living, the sciences, the arts, and vocational endeavors. Both teaching and school administration can be greatly improved with new electronic technology. Financial reform will also be necessary, as funding will be restricted. Federal, state, and local funding efforts must be more coordinated. Allocation formulas must be adaptable by the local school. The integration of career and vocational training into the curriculum is desirable. More funding for the establishment of programs to help immigrants to adjust to the language and culture of our country is needed. (SAS)

Published
1980

139. The Role of the Library in an Electronic Society.

Author

Illinois Univ., Champaign. Graduate School of Library Science. and Lancaster, F. Wilfrid

Abstract

This compilation of papers presented at the sixteenth annual Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing presents 13 papers on the library within the context of technological developments in publishing and related facets of human communication. Instead of focusing on library automation per se, the contributors have chosen to look at various manifestations of electronic communication in the world around us including electronic publications, computer conferencing, and electronic mail, to consider present and probable future capabilities of electronic processing and, most importantly, to study the implications of these developments for libraries and librarians. The papers have been prepared for the most part by leaders in fields outside of librarianship itself. The presentations were planned to dovetail with, and form an integral part of an ongoing research project funded by the National Science Foundation, which relates to the impact of a "paperless society" on the research library of the future. The papers are intended to stimulate further thought, within the profession and beyond, on the implications for libraries of the evolution from a largely paper-based society to a society whose communications will be largely electronics-based. The collection includes brief biographical sketches of the contributors and an index. (Author/RAA)

Published
1980

140. Impact and Implications of Technological Change on Individuals and Industry.

Author

Jackson, Lorraine M.

Abstract

American society is moving from an industrial age to an electronic, information age, and during the next decade both individuals and industry will have to cope with this transition. Effectiveness in dealing with the impact of technology will depend upon the ability of individuals to address four issues: (1) preparing for increased work productivity; (2) coping with anger in a computerized world; (3) understanding classes of human error; and (4) identifying electronic myths. (Methods for addressing each of these issues are briefly discussed. A bibliography for technological literacy and adjustment is appended.) (BL)

Published
1984

141. Why Are So Few Women in Computer Science?

Author

Beyer, Sylvia, Rynes, Kristina, Chavez, Michelle, Hay, Kelly, and Perrault, Julie

Abstract

A study examined gender differences in stereotypes, experience, and confidence for computer science (CS) first-year students. Questionnaires were distributed to freshmen students (n=241: 161 females, 80 males) in a required university seminar course. Overall, participants possessed very stereotypical attitudes of CS majors. Findings showed that men reported having more experience with computers than did women, and they also enjoyed working with computers more than did women. (Contains 27 references, 1 table, and 1 figure.) (Author/BT)

Published
2002

142. Gender Differences in Attitudes toward and Confidence in Computer Science.

Author

Beyer, Sylvia, Chavez, Michelle, and Rynes, Kristina

Abstract

A study examined gender and student group differences in stereotypes and confidence for first-year and more advanced computer science (CS) students. In the spring of 2001, 18-page questionnaires were distributed to first-year students (n=30: 21 females, 9 males) and students enrolled in an introductory CS course (n=32: 11 females, 21 males) designed for students considering majoring in CS. Findings showed no gender difference in computer confidence for first-year students, but females in CS had significantly lower confidence than did males. (Contains 27 references.) (Author/BT)

Published
2002

143. The Impact on Future Guidance Programs of Current Developments in Computer Science, Telecommunications, and Biotechnology.

Author

Mitchell, Lynda K. and Hardy, Philippe L.

Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to envision how the era of technological revolution will affect the guidance, counseling, and student support programs of the future. Advances in computer science, telecommunications, and biotechnology are discussed. These advances have the potential to affect dramatically the services of guidance programs of the future on two fronts: the mechanisms through which the services of guidance programs will be offered, and how guidance programs will help prepare students to live and work productively. The chapter concludes by proposing that guidance programs of 20 years hence must prepare the majority of their students to enter technical fields; adapt themselves to extensive telecommuting and the lifestyle that it entails; and prepare primarily for self-employment or freelance employment. (Contains 24 references.) (GCP)

Published
2002

144. Why Women Choose Information Technology Careers: Educational, Social, and Familial Influences.

Author

Turner, Sandra V., Bernt, Phyllis W., and Pecora, Norma

Abstract

The educational, social, and familial influences that lead women to choose information technology (IT) careers were examined in an online survey. Of the 2,500 women who were employed in IT careers in 38 countries and who belonged to the IT professional organization, Systers, 275 responded to the online survey (11% response rate). The respondents ranged in age from 22 to 64 years (38 years mean age) and they had spent a mean of 10.5 years in the IT field. School experiences were an important influence on the respondents. Many respondents were first introduced to computers in school, and they took seriously the encouragement or discouragement of their teachers in high school and college. A significant number of respondents cited male friends and colleagues as powerful influences in their career decisions. Only half the successful IT women had majored in traditional technical fields as undergraduates. Nearly one-third of the women entered the "IT pipeline" directly by majoring in computer science or information systems as an undergraduate; however, nearly one-third had majored in the arts, social sciences, or humanities and entered the IT field in "little increments" through on-the-job experiences and encouragement from mentors or close male friends. Others switched to computer science at the graduate level. (Contains 26 references.) (MN)

Published
2002

145. Incorporating On-Line Testing into Face-to-Face Traditional Information Systems Courses.

Author

Granger, Mary J. and McGarry, Nina

Abstract

One of the critical components in the curriculum is evaluation of students' knowledge or the amount they learned in the course. Over time, the assessment process has not changed significantly; it is only recently that university instructors are turning to technology for assistance in this labor-intensive task. There are disadvantages and advantages for both instructors and students of online testing. Much of the discussion surrounding alternative testing implementation centers on various learning styles. One question is: Why do we continue to assess students in traditions set long ago? Some other questions are raised: Does the online testing improve student learning and achievement? Can/should instructors tailor tests to student's preferences for learning? How does the creation of online exams affect the instructors workload? This research looks at two traditional face-to-face Information Systems courses which incorporated online testing into their curriculum and begins to provide some answers to these questions. (Contains 18 references.) (Author)

Published
2002

146. A Research and Development Strategy for High Performance Computing.

Author

Office of Science and Technology Policy, Washington, DC.

Abstract

This report is the result of a systematic review of the status and directions of high performance computing and its relationship to federal research and development. Conducted by the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology (FCCSET), the review involved a series of workshops attended by numerous computer scientists and technologists from academia, industry, and government. A consistent theme in the report is the need for these three groups to collaborate and exchange information on future research and development efforts. The report begins with summaries of the findings and recommendations, followed by discussions of: (1) the challenge, i.e., fundamental problems in science or engineering whose solutions would be enabled by the application of high performance computing resources; (2) a high performance computing strategy; (3) current status and trends, including high performance computing systems, software technology and algorithms, computer network technology, and basic research and human resources in computer and computational science; (3) the impact of computing technology on national security, science and engineering, and the economic sector; and (4) the establishment of the FCCSET and its activities. The findings and recommendations of the study are then presented in four areas: High Performance Computers, Software Development Technology and Algorithms, Networking, and Basic Research and Human Resources. Discussions of the implementation strategy and cost estimates for various elements of the strategy conclude the report. These elements include a national research network and joint research in computational science and engineering. (DB)

Published
1987

147. Introduction to Programming in LISP.

Author

King, Margaret

Abstract

The first section of this course on programming introduces LISP as a programming language designed to do symbol manipulation, with consequent prevalence in auto-instructional (AI) work. A programming language specifies in its description a number of primitive operations which the computer knows how to perform. An algorithm is the set of instructions which constitutes a description of the method by which the task can be performed. This algorithm must be written in the programming language which the computer can deal with. The constructs (elements of LISP) that work in algorithms are described and an example task provided. LISP is a functional language, in that its instructions consist of directives to apply some function to some argument. Part 1 of the course concludes with a description of some of LISP's functions, and Part 2 deals with its symbol manipulation functions, specifically in manipulating LISP constructs known as lists. Part 3 gives instruction in writing inherently recursive functions non-recursively. Practice exercises follow each section of the course. (CLK)

Published
1976

148. Geosystems--A Means to Understanding Your Community.

Author

Cherdack, Arthur N. and Landini, Albert J.

Abstract

Geosystems are computerized techniques for matching information to places. They correlate demographic and socioeconomic information with locations on the surface of the earth. Using geosystems the college administrator can: (1) improve his overall planning, (2) define college service areas, (3) assist in site selection for new programs and facilities, and (4) develop grant proposals. A geosystem contains a geographic base file and a file containing the information to be mapped. In addition, a program for merging the two files is needed. When the computer is fed the base map, the pertinent information file, and the program, the desired map is automatically produced. Computers may eventually assist in the process of student counseling, i.e., students would receive periodic mailings of suggested changes in program, vocation, occupation, or even career. Such a counseling service could be extended to nonstudents as well as students, and the college would thus become a clearinghouse for community-wide job placement, provide essential vocational training and retraining, and guide citizens through the complex lattice of job opportunities. (DB)

Published
1974

149. Abstracts of Research, July 1973 through June 1974.

Author

Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Computer and Information Science Research Center.

Abstract

Abstracts of research papers in the fields of computer and information science are given; 72 papers are abstracted in the areas of information storage and retrieval, information processing, linguistic analysis, artificial intelligence, mathematical techniques, systems programing, and computer networks. In addition, the Ohio State University Computer and Information Science Research Center is described. The abstracts are indexed by subject and investigator. (WH)

Published
1974

150. National Policies for Information Processing (With Special Attention to the Canadian Experience).

Author

Gotlieb, Calvin C.

Abstract

A study was made of the aims governments have with respect to computers and what methods they have at their disposal for achieving these aims. The Canadian experience provided an example. In general, throughout the world, governmental objectives with regard to computers come under three headings: (1) to use computers effectively in governmental operations, (2) to promote an indigenous computer industry, and (3) to direct and regulate computer growth. The methods available for promoting these objectives involve passing legislation and allocating money. In Canada, a redefinition of the powers and a desire to establish a distinctive "Canadian" approach has resulted in a conscious and intense study of information processing and related technologies. However, although it is not difficult to agree on general principles and goals, it is enormously difficult to translate these principles into programs which further national goals. In Canada, the federal government has adopted a decentralized approach of computer services, while at the provincial level, the trend is toward centralization. The general position in Canada is that computer services and software industries are to remain largely unregulated; the problem of whether to participate in a computer network remains unresolved. (WCM)

Published
1974