Search

This article provides recommendations for PD-L1 and TMB testing in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to guide the selection of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies. The recommendations emphasize the use of validated PD-L1 immunohistochemistry expression assays and other targetable genomic biomarker assays, as well as the validation of all specimen types and fixatives. The article also highlights the importance of considering other genomic biomarkers, such as EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangement, in addition to PD-L1 testing for optimal therapy selection. The challenges of sample selection and intra-tumor heterogeneity in PD-L1 expression are acknowledged. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further studies to compare the predictive ability of different PD-L1 assays in clinical trials of checkpoint inhibitor therapies. Additionally, the article discusses the use of a semiquantitative approach for reporting tumor mutational burden (TMB) and raises concerns about the variability of TMB in different tumor types and within the same tumor type. The panel recommends against using TMB alone to select patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy due to insufficient evidence. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses three phase 3 clinical trials presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology Congress 2023, demonstrating the superiority of targeted therapies over conventional chemotherapy in patients with oncogene-addicted non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The trials focused on alectinib for ALK-positive NSCLC, amivantamab for EGFR exon 20 insertion–mutated NSCLC, and selpercatinib for advanced or metastatic RET mutation–positive medullary thyroid cance.

The article discusses the current landscape of clinical trials for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) treatment, with over 100 companies actively developing 120+ pipeline therapies. Key players such as Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, AbbVie, and others are working on promising NSCLC drugs in various stages of clinical trials. The FDA has granted breakthrough therapy designations to several NSCLC treatments, highlighting the ongoing advancements in the field. NSCLC is the most prevalent form of lung cancer, with various subtypes and risk factors, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, have conducted a study on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the role of PAX6 in promoting malignant properties in SCLC cells. The research found that PAX6 enhances cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and stem cell properties in SCLC cells by inhibiting the NOTCH signaling pathway. The study suggests that PAX6 could be a critical factor in controlling cancer cell behavior in SCLC. For more information, the full article is available in Heliyon, and the researchers can be contacted at Sun Yat-sen University. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital conducted a study on the importance of the Ki-67 proliferation index in small cell lung cancer. The study found that patients with a high Ki-67 had better survival outcomes compared to those with low Ki-67, and patients with complete responses had higher Ki-67 values. The research highlights the potential connection between the Ki-67 proliferation index and response to treatment in small cell lung cancer. For more information, readers can refer to The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology, 2025, 19(1):1-7. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Jiamusi University conducted a study to explore the potential targets and signaling pathways of Polygonatum odoratum in treating depression using bioinformatics and network pharmacology. Through PC12 cell experiments, they identified 23 antidepressant active components and 34 active targets for Yuzhu. The study concluded that Yuzhu may exert its antidepressant effects through inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and prostaglandin synthesis pathways. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by Array BioPharma Inc. for a crystalline form of N-(2-Chloro-3-((5-Chloro-3-Methyl-4-Oxo-3,4-Dihydroquinazolin-6-Yl)amino)-4-Fluorophenyl)-3-Fluoroazetidine-1-Sulfonamide, which is a potent inhibitor of BRAF Class I and Class II mutations, has been made available online. This compound may be useful for treating BRAF-associated diseases and disorders, including tumors. The invention provides a method of treating BRAF-associated diseases by administering this compound, which is not a substrate of active transporters that limit drug delivery to the brain, making it potentially effective for treating CNS and extracranial BRAF-associated tumors. [Extracted from the article]

The University of South China conducted research on immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), highlighting the combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy as the first-line standard of treatment. The study focused on the challenges and advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for lung cancer treatment, emphasizing the need for biomarker exploration, new targets, and special population management. The research review provides insights into the progress of ES-SCLC immunotherapy and outlines future development trends in the field. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University in China conducted a study on extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients to evaluate the effectiveness of combining radiotherapy (RT), immunotherapy (IT), and chemotherapy (CT). The study found that the combination of RT, IT, and CT significantly improved the prognosis of ES-SCLC patients, with RT playing a key role in their synergistic effects. The research concluded that this combination treatment showed promise and should be further explored for clinical application. [Extracted from the article]

OncoHost, a leader in precision oncology, has been awarded the 2025 BIG Innovation Award in Healthcare for its PROphet(R) platform, which provides reliable biomarkers to guide immunotherapy treatment decisions. The platform's initial test, PROphetNSCLC(TM), is the first liquid biopsy proteomics test on the market and the first AI-based blood test for first-line immunotherapy decisions in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. OncoHost is also developing the PROphetirAE test to predict immune-related adverse events before treatment, aiming to improve patient care and treatment decisions. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in China conducted a study on the efficacy and safety of anlotinib as maintenance treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). The study included 30 patients who received anlotinib as first or second-line therapy, showing a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 7.2 months and overall survival (OS) of 17.6 months. The study concluded that anlotinib demonstrated good efficacy and safety in maintenance therapy for ES-SCLC, with no treatment-related deaths reported. The research provides valuable insights into potential treatment options for patients with this type of lung cancer. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the subtyping of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) using plasma cell-free nucleosomes, highlighting the potential for identifying distinct transcription regulators and therapeutic vulnerabilities. The study leverages chromatin immunoprecipitation of cell-free nucleosomes from plasma samples to capture the unique epigenetic states of SCLC tissue and cell-of-origin. By comparing these signals to tumor transcriptomes, researchers establish a direct link between gene expression in the tumor and plasma cell-free nucleosomes, leading to the development of a classifier for SCLC subtypes based on histone modifications. This non-invasive approach could offer insights into SCLC transcriptomes using plasma cfDNA histone modifications. [Extracted from the article]

The University of Utah Research Foundation has been issued a patent for methods and compositions related to identifying and treating patients with small cell lung cancer. The patent focuses on the genetic alterations commonly found in small cell lung cancer, such as RB1 and TP53 mutations, as well as the potential therapeutic implications of targeting MYC amplifications. The patent also outlines methods for screening for effective treatments and detecting variant subtypes of small cell lung cancer. The inventors propose using aurora kinase inhibitors as a potential treatment option for patients with variant small cell lung cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A meta-analysis conducted by researchers at Sichuan University in Chengdu, People's Republic of China, explored the association of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) with long-term survival in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study included 22 available studies with 2550 patients and found that lower PNI was linked to worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The research concluded that patients with lower PNI are more likely to have a poorer prognosis when treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application titled "Human Mesothelin Chimeric Antigen Receptors And Uses Thereof" discusses methods of providing an immune response in patients by administering immune effector cells engineered to express a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) that targets mesothelin. Mesothelin is a differentiation antigen present on normal tissues and overexpressed in various cancers, making it a potential therapeutic target. The patent application outlines the structure of the CAR, including an anti-mesothelin binding domain, transmembrane domain, and intracellular signaling domain, for treating cancers associated with mesothelin expression. This research has implications for the development of cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapies for mesothelin-expressing cancers like mesothelioma, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, and bladder cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for "Anti-Claudin 18.2 Antibodies And Uses Thereof" by inventor Runsheng Li, focusing on the discovery of antibodies that target both wild-type and mutant forms of the Claudin 18.2 protein, which is associated with various cancers. These antibodies are highly selective and have the potential to treat cancer by targeting specific proteins. The patent application outlines methods for treating cancer patients with these antibodies and detecting the expression of the CLDN18.2 protein in samples. [Extracted from the article]

Research from Sun Yat-Sen University explores the role of periostin in promoting liver metastasis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The study reveals that elevated expression of periostin in SCLC correlates with accelerated tumor progression and metastasis. Targeting the periostin-NOTCH1 signaling axis may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for metastatic SCLC. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Michigan discusses the ASCO Rapid Recommendation Updates for small cell lung cancer therapy. These updates aim to provide timely and evidence-based recommendations to inform healthcare practitioners and the public about cancer care options. The research emphasizes the importance of independent professional judgment and individual patient variation in treatment decisions. For more information, readers can refer to the Journal of Clinical Oncology for the full study. [Extracted from the article]

A phase II clinical trial, NCT06769971, is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ivonescimab and Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line therapy for patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). The trial aims to assess the treatment-naive ES-SCLC patients' response to this combination therapy. The study involves the administration of Ivonescimab, Cadonilimab, Etoposide, and Carboplatin to patients, with a primary completion date set for December 31, 2026. The trial is currently recruiting participants in China, with a total enrollment target of 80 individuals. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center have conducted a study on antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The study focused on target selection, specifically examining the expression of ADC targets SEZ6, DLL3, CD276, and TACSTD2 in cell lines and patient samples. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding target expression patterns to optimize ADC therapy and advance precision medicine in SCLC treatment. The research was published in npj Precision Oncology and can be accessed for free online. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Sichuan University discusses the prognostic value of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade in lung cancer patients. The study, which included 2,057 patients from eight studies, found that elevated pretreatment ALBI grade was significantly associated with poor overall survival, progression-free survival, and cancer-specific survival. The researchers concluded that patients with higher ALBI grades are more likely to have worse outcomes in lung cancer. For more information, readers can refer to the Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the role of Kinase Suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumor initiation and cisplatin resistance. It highlights KSR1 as a critical regulator of SCLC tumor-initiating cells (TICs) and its mediation of cisplatin resistance in SCLC. The study suggests that KSR1 disruption may enhance the effectiveness of cisplatin in targeting cells responsible for therapeutic resistance and tumor initiation, making KSR1 a potential therapeutic target for SCLC treatment. [Extracted from the article]

The article from Cancer Weekly discusses the role of Kinase Suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2) in promoting self-renewal and clonogenicity of small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells, particularly in the ASCL1 subtype of SCLC tumors. KSR2 is a molecular scaffold that enhances Raf/MEK/ERK signaling and is expressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, which are identified as cells of origin for SCLC-A tumors. Disruption of KSR2 inhibits the colony-forming ability of tumor-propagating cells in vitro and their tumor-initiating capacity in vivo, suggesting KSR2 as a potential therapeutic target for ASCL1-subtype SCLC tumors. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Kurume University School of Medicine focused on the efficacy and safety of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) combined with local consolidative therapy (LCT) for patients with Stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with oligometastases. The study enrolled 19 patients and found that the treatment approach resulted in a 2-year survival rate of 68.4% and a response rate of 58%. The researchers concluded that this combined treatment strategy may extend survival and achieve local control for NSCLC with oligometastases. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the role of intercellular signaling in maintaining phenotypic plasticity and intratumoral heterogeneity in cancer cells, particularly those undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, the study reveals that intercellular interactions between cancerous cells in small cell lung cancer reinforce cellular phenotypes and contribute to population-level heterogeneity. The findings suggest that inter-subtype communication accelerates the development of heterogeneous tumor populations, emphasizing the critical role of intercellular signaling in sustaining intratumoral heterogeneity. This preprint has not yet undergone peer review and offers insights into computational analysis of scRNA-seq data to infer signaling networks within cancer cells. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) examined the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and the use of minimally invasive resection for non-small cell lung cancer. The research found that factors such as lower neighborhood income and receiving care at community hospitals were linked to decreased odds of undergoing minimally invasive surgery. The study highlighted income-based disparities in access to minimally invasive resection and suggested the need for interventions to ensure equitable access to this surgical treatment. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application titled "K17 As A Biomarker For Tumor Response To Immunotherapy" discusses the role of keratin 17 (K17) as a potential biomarker for determining the responsiveness of cancer to immunotherapy. The inventors propose methods to detect the expression level of K17 in cancer samples to predict whether the cancer will respond to immunotherapy. The application highlights the importance of K17 expression levels in identifying cancers that are likely to benefit from immune checkpoint therapies, such as anti-PD1 antibodies. The research aims to improve treatment outcomes by providing a more accurate method of selecting patients who will benefit from immunotherapy based on K17 expression levels. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Kentucky highlights new developments in immunotherapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The research emphasizes the potential of targeting the receptor DLL3 for immunotherapy, with emerging therapeutic options such as bispecific T cell engagers, CAR-T cells, and antibody-drug conjugates showing promise in clinical trials. The study also mentions ongoing CAR-T cell trials for SCLC, indicating a growing interest in immunotherapy as a treatment strategy for this aggressive form of cancer. [Extracted from the article]

The article in Reactions Weekly discusses two case reports of patients aged 70-74 with small cell lung cancer who showed lack of efficacy during treatment with carboplatin and etoposide. One patient exhibited treatment non-compliance and intentional drug misuse. Despite treatment, both patients experienced disease progression, with one patient still alive but with increased metastasis. The other patient self-abandoned treatment and passed away shortly after. [Extracted from the article]

A 67-year-old man developed psoriasis arthritis and skin psoriasis while being treated with atezolizumab for metastatic small cell lung cancer. Despite receiving guselkumab for his conditions, he showed no clinical improvement, indicating lack of efficacy. Subsequently, the man was switched to bimekizumab and then adalimumab, which led to improvement in both his skin and joint symptoms. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Actulabo is the property of MCM Presse and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actulabo is the property of MCM Presse and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Researchers at Hue University in Vietnam recently reported new findings on small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a type of primary lung cancer that accounts for approximately 15% of cases and is closely linked to tobacco use. The study highlighted the high mortality rate of SCLC due to its rapid growth and early metastasis to sites such as the brain, bones, adrenal glands, liver, lymph nodes, and, rarely, the stomach. The research aims to raise awareness among clinicians about atypical symptoms of gastric metastasis from SCLC to improve patient prognosis. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital conducted a study on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to identify new biomarkers for treatment strategies. They focused on immunogenic cell death (ICD) genes to predict patient outcomes and immune infiltration status. By analyzing 17 specific genes, they developed a prognostic risk model that could accurately predict patient prognosis and susceptibility to immune-checkpoint blockade treatment. This research could lead to the development of new targeted treatments for NSCLC. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou in China explored the relationship between blood and urine biomarkers and lung cancer using Mendelian randomization. The research identified potential causal relationships between certain biomarkers and different types of lung cancer, such as squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The findings contribute to the understanding of lung cancer pathogenesis and may aid in early screening and therapeutic monitoring of the disease. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for peptides and a combination of peptides for use in immunotherapy against small cell lung cancer and other cancers. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a significant health concern, accounting for about 10% to 15% of all lung cancers. The patent focuses on developing peptides that can bind to MHC and induce T cells to target cancer cells, offering potential advancements in cancer treatment. The patent was filed by Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH and published online on December 24, 2024. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Isoindolines As Pms2 Inhibitors" has been published online, detailing methods for treating cancer by targeting the DNA MMR component PMS2. The application highlights the importance of DNA mismatch repair pathways in cancer development and the potential for immunotherapy-based treatment strategies. The patent application provides compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting PMS2 activity and treating various diseases, including cancer and triplet repeat disorders. The use of these compounds in the manufacture of medicaments for different conditions is also outlined in the application. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery focused on the prognostic impact of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) on patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy. The study, which included 11 studies with 3,634 SCLC patients, found that high NLR was associated with decreased overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), while PLR did not significantly impact OS except in specific patient populations. The researchers concluded that further validation from prospective studies is needed to confirm these findings. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Nanjing Normal University in China have conducted a study on small cell lung cancer, focusing on the role of the enzyme METTL3 in promoting tumor growth. The study found that METTL3 inhibits the RIG-I-MAVS innate immune pathway, which plays a crucial role in immune defense against cancer cells. This research provides new insights for potential biotherapy and immunotherapy strategies in treating non-small-cell lung carcinoma. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Universidad de San Martin de Porres in Lima, Peru, explores the use of BiTE immunotherapy in treating pancreatic cancer. While BiTEs have shown promise in hematological malignancies, their effectiveness in solid tumors like pancreatic cancer has been limited. The study discusses the challenges and potential strategies for utilizing BiTE therapy in pancreatic cancer treatment, drawing insights from their use in other types of cancer. For more information, the full article can be accessed for free at https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1429330. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Ningbo University in China focused on the treatment of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate, a rare and aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. The standard treatment for this type of cancer is limited in its effectiveness, leading researchers to explore new therapeutic options. The study reported positive outcomes in a patient who received a combination of anlotinib and tislelizumab, showing controlled symptoms, decreased tumor markers, and improved imaging results. This research provides a new potential treatment approach for patients with this challenging disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Aalborg University in Denmark examined the time toxicity of systemic anticancer therapy for metastatic lung cancer in routine clinical practice. The study included 4,384 patients with stage IV lung cancer and found that more than 1 in 5 days after initiation of systemic treatment were spent in physical contact with the healthcare system. The research suggests that this information could help inform shared decision-making about the expected burdens of cancer therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University in China discusses a novel comprehensive therapy strategy that led to a sustained complete response in a 68-year-old man with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. The patient achieved a complete response for over 30 months through a combination of chemotherapy, chest volumetric-modulated arc therapy, and maintenance therapy with anlotinib. Subsequent therapies with albumin-bound paclitaxel, carboplatin, and the immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab, as well as etoposide and cisplatin combined with durvalumab, further maintained the complete response. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the Department of Radiation Oncology in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, focused on brain metastases from small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the immunotherapy era. The research analyzed 46 patients treated with SRS for brain metastases from SCLC and found that rates of distant brain failure in SCLC patients after SRS remained similar to those of non-small cell lung cancer patients. The study did not show a decrease in distant failure rate based on immunotherapy use, and the rate of hippocampal failure was low, suggesting that SRS and techniques like HA-IMRT can be used in these patients. Ongoing clinical trials are expected to provide more definitive answers in this area. [Extracted from the article]

A 60-year-old man with small cell lung cancer and paraneoplastic Cushing syndrome experienced myelosuppression while undergoing multiple drug treatments, including etoposide, carboplatin, durvalumab, irinotecan, cisplatin, serplulimab, catequentinib, and bevacizumab. Despite receiving trilaciclib to prevent myelosuppression, he developed persistent myelosuppression leading to respiratory dysfunction and cardiac failure. Unfortunately, the man ultimately passed away due to the complications of myelosuppression, respiratory dysfunction, and cardiac failure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study published by the National Institute of Medical Sciences in India highlighted a rare case of small-cell lung cancer in an 8-year-old boy. The research emphasized the challenges of diagnosing this type of cancer in children due to nonspecific symptoms and the importance of aggressive treatment. The study concluded that adapting adult treatment protocols for pediatric patients could improve prognosis, as specific guidelines for pediatric cases are limited. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Cancer Hospital conducted a study on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, analyzing protein expression profiles in primary tumors and metastatic tumors. The study found that lipid metabolism, particularly phospholipid metabolism, and immune response play crucial roles in SCLC metastasis. High- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were identified as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival in SCLC patients. The research underscores the importance of lipid metabolism in SCLC recurrence and metastasis. [Extracted from the article]