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Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease(AERD) is a sub-group of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSwNP) associated with asthma and cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor sensitivity. AERD pathogenesis involves dysregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism which favors pro-inflammatory mediator overproduction. A significant proportion of AERD patients are suspected to be undiagnosed, as aspirin sensitivity is frequently unreported. There are no standard AERD screening modalities but aspirin challenge(AC) is an effective diagnostic tool.

Sudden polarization effectwas investigated for a special type ofnonsymmetricbiradioal systems,i.e.terminally twisted polyenes methyl substituted at the rotated CH2group. Systems with 2 to 4 conjugated double bonds were studied. Dipole moments ofS0,S1andS2states wore calculated within the framework of the INDO approximations, by using a dual basis of SCF MOs (open shell and closed shell) and performing differently sized CIs (selected with reference to the basic 3×3 CI biradical description). The resulting excited-state polarization characteristics (sizeandsuddenness)are discussed with reference to the previously studied unsubstituted polyenes. In this respect the most important point is that CH3substitution at the terminal twisted methylene markedly enhances the polarizationsize(∼2D). This indicates that small perturbations occurring at one radical site may cause unexpectedly large changes in charge distributions of excited biradicals.

A new enzymatic-amperometric method for the determination of lecithin as an additive in foods and as a component of commercial drugs is proposed. The method is based on a detector realized with two enzymes, choline oxidase and phospholipase D, the former immobilized, the latter free in solution, and by an oxygen Clark electrode. The experimental conditions were investigated in order to obtain wide applications with different samples. Extraction or dissolution of the samples in ethanol proved satisfactory. The precision of the method was found to be about 1.5%, inaccuracy ≤4%. Correlation between the proposed enzymatic-amperometric method and an enzymatic-spectrophotometric reference method was satisfactory.

Eighteen Holstein cows (6 ruminally cannulated) were used in the first 60 days of lactation to evaluate the effect of the replacement of corn grain (CG) by crude glycerol (CGly) on organic matter intake (OMI), pasture degradability and milk yield (MY). Cows were blocked [by parity (3.17±1.42), body condition score (3.0±0.3), expected caving date], and assigned randomly to two treatments (T). T1= partially mixed diet (PMR) containing sorghum silage (SS) plus concentrate (CG, wheat grain, soybean expeller, minerals and vitamins) and T2= PMR containing SS plus concentrate where CGly -76.5% glycerol, ALUR Uruguay- replacing the CG. Both groups received PMR in individual feeders and grazed during afternoon in a temperate pasture with herbage allowance-above the ground level- 60 kg DM.cow-1.day-1. Chemical composition of PMR (OM, CP, NDF, and EE in g/kgDM) respectively was for T1 [934, 117, 317, and 5] and [927, 106, 297 and 46] for T2. OMI and the ruminal degradation kinetics of DM of pasture were measured in situin two periods. PMR intake (OMI-PMR) was measured individually as the difference between the amounts offered and refused. OMI-forage was determined with chromium oxide (Cr2O3) and indigestible acid detergent fiber as external and internal marker respectively. In situdata was fitted to nonlinear model D(t)=a+b(1-e-ct), where D= disappearance of DM , (a) soluble fraction, (b) degradable fraction, and (c) degradation rate. MY was Individual measured daily. Intake, degradability parameters, and MY were analyzed with a mixed model whit repeated measures. The model included fixed effects: T, period/week, interaction T*period and cow as a random effect. The statistical analyzes were performed with SAS (2010), data are expressed as lsmeans (s.e) and were considered to differ when P < 0.05. Treatment or interaction did not affect Total organic matter intake, OMI-PMRor OMI-f and was [23.6(1.4), 12.7(0.5)and 10.9 (1.0)] kgOM.d-1for T1 and [20.8(1.3), 10.9(0.5)and 9.8 (0.9)] kg OM.d-1for T2 respectively. The parameters “a”, “b” “c” of pasture were not affected by T, period or interactions and averaged 20(3.1)g/kgDM 602 (3.6)g/kgDM, 0.04(0.007)h-1. Milk yields was not affected by treatment (30.6(1.0)kg.día-1) or interaction T*week of lactation (WOL) but as expected it was affected for WOL. The absence of negative effects related to the use of CGly in substitution of CG in these conditions allows its use up to 10% DMI for dairy cows without altering the efficiency of the milk production process.

The strain distribution in quantum wells of InxGa1-xAs/GaAs (x<0.25) is investigated by glancing-angle EXAFS. The measures have been performed at glancing angles below the critical angle for total reflection in order to avoid substrate contributions to the signal. The results show that a number of Ga-As bond lengths are stretched. Indeed, two Ga-As bonds distances coexist: 2.43±0.01 Å and 2.62±0.04 Å, which correspond to the Ga-As and In-As bond distances in the binary compounds GaAs and InAs, respectively. This result is independent of the In molar fraction in the strained alloy layers.