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A biography is presented for Scottish economist and speculator John Law. He was born in 1671 in Edinburgh, Scotland, moved to London, England after the death of his father, and fled to the continent after a fatal duel in 1694. He traveled throughout Europe and garnered a substantial fortune with risky investments and gambling. He published "Money and Trade Considered" in 1704, created the Company of the West to finance French colonization of North America, and died in Venice, Italy in 1729.

A biography of French spy, diplomat, and soldier Chevalier Charles Geneviève Louis Auguste André Timothée D'Eon de Beaumont, born in 1728, is presented. It comments on his service in the French secret diplomacy system Le Secret du Roi, noting that he dressed as a woman for espionage purposes. The author considers D'Eon's postings in Russia and in England and examines his rivalry with Comte Claude Louis François Régnier de Guerchy. The controversy of D'Eon's anatomical sex is also explored.

The third volume of the memoirs of the Baron de Vitrolles is not inferior in interest to the first two volumes. It opens at Vincennes, France. The old castle brought to mind the young Due d'Enghien. Vitrolles had known of him, had seen him in all the bloom of youth. The fate of the Due d'Enghien was before Vitrolles. He was left alone, without any news. After a few days the papers were sent to him. He learned that he was excepted from the general amnesty given by Napoleon Bonaparte, and waited quietly for events. He was preparing for death, and looked through the bars of his prison on the sky and on the country, as if every day would be his last.

The article focuses on the conference that took place between Great Britain's Prime Minister Edward Heath and the President of France Georges Pompidou in Elyse Palace in Paris, France on the issue of common market. In the conference Heath stated that Europe must grow steadily together in unity and Great Britain should become a part of that unity by entering into the common market. He also assured Pompidou that Great Britain would place the economic interests of the market above other issues.

The article focuses on art collector Gertrude Stein and her relationship with painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso. It is stated that while Stein considered Picasso as her spiritual brother, in 1909, Picasso created a parody of Baroque ceiling painting as a homage to the former. Stein, who started her collection with Picasso's painting "Young Girl with Basket of Flowers," had the largest collection of the painter's works in France. It is stated that the 27 Rue de Fleurus flat located in Paris, France, which Stein shared with her brother Leo Stein till 1913 had the best collection of works of several writers and artists. It is reported that after the deaths of Leo and Gertrude, an exhibition was conducted by Museum of Modern Art in New York City, which included 110 paintings of Picasso.

The article reports on the resignation of former French President Charles de Gaulle in the wake of a referendum vote against his policies. It notes that workmen had moved his artifacts and files from the Elysee Palace. It further states that presidential communication lines to Colombey-les-Deux-Eglises were cut and the other trappings of his office to which he was entitled along with a 35,000 U.S. dollars pension had evaporated.

The article focuses on the implications of students' revolt against the administration of French government under Charles de Gaulle. It states that rebellion of students and France's workers has caused France Prime Minister Georges Pompidou to declare that the rebels intend to destroy the nation and the foundations of free society. It indicates that the revolt has turned out to be one of the most humiliating moments and greatest challenge of de Gaulle's career.

The article discusses French prime minister Pierre Mendès-France's promise to get peace in Indo-China in 30 days. In just two weeks as prime minister, Mendès-France has already made France to abandon some parts of the Red River Delta peacefully. However, French allies have warned Mendès-France against attempts to change the European Defence Community (EDC).

The article discusses the 1803 Louisiana Purchase, in which the U.S. acquired much of the modern Midwestern U.S. from France. It examines the diplomats involved, including Robert R. Livingston and James Monroe for the U.S. and Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord and François Barbé-Marbois for France. The author also considers the French experiences in attempting to suppress the 1791-1804 revolution in Haiti, then known as St. Domingo, and comments on the roles of U.S. President Thomas Jefferson and French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.

A literary criticism of the French Encyclopedia of 1751 is presented, examining its editors Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert. It comments on the publication of the Encyclopedia as an important development in the history scientific inquiry and the freedom of thought. The author comments on royal and religious protests, D'Alembert's resignation from the project, and the contributions by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

The article explores the field of art in France during 1848, a period notable for the overthrow of the restoration monarchy of King Louis Philippe. It considers tensions within the Académie des Beaux-Arts of the Institut de France between the schools of Neoclassicism and Romanticism. Political and social caricatures by artists such as Honore Daumier and J. J. Grandville appearing in the periodicals "La Caricature" and "Le Charivari" edited by Charles Philipon are discussed. Notable artists and schools of art considered include Eugene Delacroix, the Barbizon School, and Gustave Courbet.

Compiègne is the place where Napoleon III passed his hunting season. But it has a history, not feudal, communal and episcopal like the other cities, but royal and even pontifical. Kings were chosen, crowned, poisoned and buried, royal matches made, royal brides received, royal marriages celebrated there. Queens divorced there and mistresses substituted for queens. The States-General have been held and treaties concluded there. But with all this history the two ancient churches and the Hotel-de-ville are better worth seeing than the seat of the court, the château, a heavy edifice of the time of Louis XV.

The article discusses several sources of modern business principles and practice. Literary works documenting business conditions and practices in France at the end of the seventeenth century are discussed, with primary focus given to "The Perfect Businessman" by Jacques Savary. Savary presents a detailed description of the textile industry, wholesale merchandising, and its role in the physical distribution of goods. Emphasis is given to the distinction between the wholesale and retail trade and the developing role of the commercial agent.

Examines the conduct of divorces in various civilization. Requisites for divorce in the Yucatan; Bulgarian lawyers' treatment of divorce as something within the province of priests, rabbi or a missionary; Details of the divorce law of Reno, Nevada; Description of divorces in Paris, France; Opposition of priests and lawyers to the concept of divorce; Gap between the divorce law and the actual practice of divorce in the U.S.; Divorce laws enforced in various states; States prohibiting the practice.

The article talks about stamp collecting or philately, which is the activity of collecting postage stamps. It states that stamp collecting started when a school-teacher in Paris, France required her student to get examples of different postage stamps to enhance their study of geography. It notes that the word philately came from two Greek words meaning the love of stamps.

The article focuses on the Tour de France, the bicycle race that takes place in France every year. The race calls for a 164-mile stage from Chamonix to St.-Etienne. After following the Tour from beginning to end, the author concludes that the event is not just a sports event but is also a social, patriotic, political and semi-religious gathering. In the 1966 Tour, Lucien Aimar won the event while Dutchman Jan Janssen placed second.

The article discusses the impact of the visit of former French President, General Charles de Gaulle to Ireland on the country's tourism industry. According to the Dublin, Ireland-based Irish Tourist Board, the visit of Gaulle, coupled with the publicity of his visit, has resulted in several million of dollars in additional revenue to the country. It cites as example the increasing popularity of The Heron Cove, a third-rate hotel where de Gaulle stayed during the first weeks of his vacation.

The article presents information on the book "Dupleix," by Col. Malleson. The career of Joseph Francis Dupleix is one of singular interest. He was a man of remarkable gifts, and gave abundant proof of them. But the only part of his work that was permanent was that by which his enemies profiled. His own life was a lamentable failure; his efforts on behalf of France, which repaid him with such stupid ingratitude, serve only to constitute a striking instance of what some one has called "the might-have-beens" of history. He strove to create, and for a moment seemed to have created, a great French dominion in the East. Had he been better supported, India might have become French instead of English, and the history of two great states and an enormous territory have taken a wholly different turn.

This article presents information about the book "Gambetta," by Paul Deschanel. No doubt one is to understand that France, symbolized in Gambetta, labored heroically to prevent the loss of Alsace and Lorraine, that France, symbolized in Gambetta, has never for a moment forgotten her lost children, that France, symbolized in Gambetta, has at last achieved what she has with unclouded vision so long been preparing herself to achieve. The first part of the book is more convincing than the last. This is partly due to the fact that the historical setting is more manageable.

The article presents information on the book "Demosthenes: With Extracts From his Orations, etc.," by L. Brédif. So much honest, hard work has been put into this book by both author and translator that one cannot help sincerely regretting that the product is not more worthy of commendation. It abounds in illustrations and parallels, mostly from Roman and French history and literature, and in quotations from orators contemporary with Demosthenes. But, after all, the book will be of little use to any one desiring to get a clear and true idea of the man and his policy.

This section offers world news briefs. British conductor Sir Thomas Beecham has criticized the architectural design of the Royal Festival Hall. The French government refused a visa to German tennis player Baron Gottfried von Cramm. Boxer Sugar Ray Robinson arrived late to an event in which he was to present the French cancer society with a 10,000 U.S. dollar check.

Focuses on Garry Davis, who left the U.S. for Paris, France. Historical importance of Davis.

It was impressive to hear again the rebuke of Consul Lucius Aemilius to the amateur strategists of his time. There are, however, other stories. One story refers to events of 773 A.D. It is reported by medieval historians such as Anastasius, Frodoard, Agnellus Ravennatis, and the Chronicler of Moissiac. According to this story, Charlemagne, having dismissed all hope of forcing the Chiuse and not suspecting that there might be another way for invading Italy, had made up his mind to return the next day to France, when a deacon, called Martin, arrived in the camp of the Franks. This man taught Charlemagne a secret mountain pass to outflank the fortresses and to descend into Italy.