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1. Novel methods to assess olfactory processing

Author: Hummel, Thomas, Huart, Caroline, Thaploo, Divesh, Hummel, Thomas, Huart, Caroline, and Thaploo, Divesh
Abstract: Research in olfaction is been quite diverse, for example with studies on semantics, brain activations, or distorted smells. Olfactory dysfunction can lead to reduced quality of life, poor dietary habits, sexual and/or mental dysfunctions. Especially in terms of the investigation of olfactory loss it is not only important to assess olfactory function with ratings subjectively assess but more objective measures should be considered. Use of EEG and fMRI has been quite well studied. I have focused my thesis on the use of newer or updated use of existing processing pipelines in order to understand olfaction in a better way.
Published: 2023

2. Novel methods to assess olfactory processing

Author: Hummel, Thomas, Huart, Caroline, Thaploo, Divesh, Hummel, Thomas, Huart, Caroline, and Thaploo, Divesh
Abstract: Research in olfaction is been quite diverse, for example with studies on semantics, brain activations, or distorted smells. Olfactory dysfunction can lead to reduced quality of life, poor dietary habits, sexual and/or mental dysfunctions. Especially in terms of the investigation of olfactory loss it is not only important to assess olfactory function with ratings subjectively assess but more objective measures should be considered. Use of EEG and fMRI has been quite well studied. I have focused my thesis on the use of newer or updated use of existing processing pipelines in order to understand olfaction in a better way.
Published: 2023

3. Chronic Rhinosinusitis Outcome Registry (CHRINOSOR):Establishment of an International Outcome Registry Driven by mHealth Technology

Author: Seys, Sven F., Hellings, Peter W., Alobid, Isam, Backer, Vibeke, Bequignon, Emilie, von Buchwald, Christian, Cavaliere, Carlo, Coste, André, Deneyer, Lauren, Diamant, Zuzana, Eckl-Dorna, Julia, Fokkens, Wytske J., Gane, Simon, Gevaert, Philippe, Holbaek-Haase, Christiane, Holzmeister, Clemens, Hopkins, Claire, Hox, Valérie, Huart, Caroline, Jankowski, Roger, Jorissen, Mark, Kjeldsen, Anette, Knipps, Lisa, Lange, Bibi, van der Lans, Rik, Laulajainen-Hongisto, Anu, Larsen, Kenneth, Liu, David T., Lund, Valerie, Mariën, Gert, Masieri, Simonetta, Mortuaire, Geoffrey, Mullol, Joaquim, Reitsma, Sietze, Rombaux, Philippe, Schneider, Sven, Steinsvik, Andreas, Tomazic, Peter Valentin, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna K., Van Gerven, Laura, Van Zele, Thibaut, Virkkula, Paula, Wagenmann, Martin, Bachert, Claus, Seys, Sven F., Hellings, Peter W., Alobid, Isam, Backer, Vibeke, Bequignon, Emilie, von Buchwald, Christian, Cavaliere, Carlo, Coste, André, Deneyer, Lauren, Diamant, Zuzana, Eckl-Dorna, Julia, Fokkens, Wytske J., Gane, Simon, Gevaert, Philippe, Holbaek-Haase, Christiane, Holzmeister, Clemens, Hopkins, Claire, Hox, Valérie, Huart, Caroline, Jankowski, Roger, Jorissen, Mark, Kjeldsen, Anette, Knipps, Lisa, Lange, Bibi, van der Lans, Rik, Laulajainen-Hongisto, Anu, Larsen, Kenneth, Liu, David T., Lund, Valerie, Mariën, Gert, Masieri, Simonetta, Mortuaire, Geoffrey, Mullol, Joaquim, Reitsma, Sietze, Rombaux, Philippe, Schneider, Sven, Steinsvik, Andreas, Tomazic, Peter Valentin, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna K., Van Gerven, Laura, Van Zele, Thibaut, Virkkula, Paula, Wagenmann, Martin, and Bachert, Claus
Abstract: Background: Real-world evidence (RWE) is a valuable instrument to better understand the patient journey and effectiveness of therapies. RWE on the prevalence of uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and CRS natural course of disease across Europe is scarce. In addition, there is limited RWE that enables comparison of the effectiveness of marketed therapies including topical or systemic corticosteroids, sinus surgery, or biologics. Objective: To establish an international CHRonic rhINOSinusitis Outcome Registry (CHRINOSOR) based on real-world data collection enabled by mobile health technology. Methodology: A digital platform, Galenus Health, supporting patients and physicians in the management of chronic respiratory diseases, is used to collect data on patient profile, disease history, patient outcomes, and a set of relevant clinical outcomes. Adult patients with a diagnosis of CRS are eligible for inclusion. Results: A collaborative scientific network of 17 university ear-nose-throat (ENT) clinics from 10 European countries has been established with the aim to collect real-world data in a longitudinal and standardized manner. The Galenus Health digital platform is currently being implemented in these ENT clinics taking into account legal, privacy, and data security aspects. Up to 300 patients have already been included. Conclusions: CHRINOSOR is a collaborative effort that aims at improving our understanding of CRS, its comorbidities, and the effectiveness of its treatments. Ultimately, these insights will guide us as scientific community to develop future care pathways informed by RWE.
Published: 2023

4. Programming cochlear implants with artificial intelligence

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - Faculté de pharmacie et des sciences biomédicales, Deggouj, Naima, Govaerts, Paul, Huart, Caroline, Szmalec, Arnaud, Rombaux, Philippe, Avan, Paul, Thai-Van, Hung, Missal, Marcus, Wathour, Justine, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - Faculté de pharmacie et des sciences biomédicales, Deggouj, Naima, Govaerts, Paul, Huart, Caroline, Szmalec, Arnaud, Rombaux, Philippe, Avan, Paul, Thai-Van, Hung, Missal, Marcus, and Wathour, Justine
Abstract: Cochlear implant (CI) is the most effective solution for the restoration of hearing function in severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. The main objective of this PhD thesis is to answer the question: « Does AI-assisted programming of a cochlear implant provide similar or better results than manual programming, with less time investment for the patient and the clinician? ». A first study that was conducted in 4 French-speaking centers in Belgium and in France showed a large variability of CI programming within and between centers. This context supports the use of a tool using artificial intelligence, such as the Fitting to Outcome eXpert® (FOX®). A pilot study on 2 subjects who had limited results with their manually programmed CI showed encouraging benefits. Secondly, FOX® was used on a larger scale in 2 prospective interventional studies. The first study evaluated the benefits of using FOX® in former patients who had been implanted and formerly manually programmed for several years. 89% of the subjects showed better auditory performances (psychoacoustic battery A§E®) with the FOX® map than with the manual map. This significant but not systematic gain is discussed, considering the impact of FOX® as a novelty among other factors. The second study compared the manual and FOX® types of programming in a randomised longitudinal study with a crossover design in newly implanted "naïve" subjects. The crossover design involved each group changing programming type at one year post-activation. The FOX® group achieved better speech test results more rapidly than the manual group and maintained these results at one year post-activation. Due to the crossover, FOX® improved the results of 81% of the patients initially programmed manually. In terms of time gain, the number of programming sessions decreased by 55% over one year in patients initially programmed with FOX® compared to those initially programmed manually. A general discussion and a conclusion nuance the results., L’implant cochléaire (IC) est la solution la plus efficace, en termes de restauration de la fonction auditive, dans le cadre d’une surdité neurosensorielle sévère à profonde. L’objectif principal de cette thèse de doctorat est de répondre à la question : « La programmation d’un implant cochléaire assistée par l’intelligence artificielle donne-t-elle des résultats semblables voire meilleurs que ceux obtenus par la programmation manuelle, avec moins d’investissement en temps pour le patient et le clinicien ? ». Une première étude réalisée auprès de 4 centres francophones en Belgique et en France rend compte de la grande variabilité des programmations d’ICs intra et inter-centres. Ce contexte justifie l’apport d’un outil utilisant l’intelligence artificielle, comme le Fitting to Outcome eXpert® (FOX®). Une étude pilote sur 2 sujets présentant des résultats limités avec leur IC programmé manuellement relève des bénéfices encourageants. Ensuite, FOX® est utilisé à plus grande échelle dans 2 études prospectives interventionnelles. La première évalue son apport chez d’anciens patients implantés et programmés manuellement depuis des années. 89% des sujets présentent de meilleures performances auditives (batterie psychoacoustique A§E®) avec la map FOX® qu’avec la map manuelle. Ce gain significatif mais non systématique se discute, en tenant compte, entre autres, de l’impact du FOX® en tant que nouveauté. La deuxième compare chez de nouveaux sujets implantés « naïfs » les types de programmation, manuelle et FOX®, dans une étude longitudinale randomisée avec un cross-over. Le design cross-over implique que chaque groupe change de type de programmation à un an post-activation. Le groupe FOX® obtient plus rapidement de meilleurs résultats aux tests vocaux que le groupe manuel, résultats qu’il maintient à un an post-activation. Suite au cross-over, FOX® améliore les résultats de 81% patients initialement programmés manuellement. Au niveau du gain de temps, le nombre de sessions d, (BIFA - Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques) -- UCL, 2022
Published: 2022

5. Sino-Orbital Aspergillosis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.

Author: UCL - (SLuc) Service de néphrologie, UCL - (SLuc) Département de médecine interne et services associés, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'ophtalmologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - SSS/IREC/NEFR - Pôle de Néphrologie, Maalouli, Christian, De Greef, Julien, Duprez, Thierry, Devresse, Arnaud, Huart, Caroline, Coutel, Maëlle, Demoulin, Nathalie, Belkhir, Leïla, Kanaan, Nada, UCL - (SLuc) Service de néphrologie, UCL - (SLuc) Département de médecine interne et services associés, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'ophtalmologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - SSS/IREC/NEFR - Pôle de Néphrologie, Maalouli, Christian, De Greef, Julien, Duprez, Thierry, Devresse, Arnaud, Huart, Caroline, Coutel, Maëlle, Demoulin, Nathalie, Belkhir, Leïla, and Kanaan, Nada
Abstract: Sino-orbital aspergillosis is a rare and severe infection mostly seen in immunocompromised individuals in which diagnosis may be challenging with potentially life-threatening consequences. Infection usually starts in the paranasal sinuses with secondary spreading to the adjacent orbits. Here, we report the case of a kidney transplant recipient who presented with proven invasive sino-orbital aspergillosis resulting in irreversible loss of vision despite surgical management and antifungal therapy. We review the literature with a focus on clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, and recommended treatment in the context of kidney transplantation.
Published: 2022

6. International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction.

Author: UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, Patel, Zara M, Holbrook, Eric H, Turner, Justin H, Adappa, Nithin D, Albers, Mark W, Altundag, Aytug, Appenzeller, Simone, Costanzo, Richard M, Croy, Ilona, Davis, Greg E, Dehgani-Mobaraki, Puya, Doty, Richard L, Duffy, Valerie B, Goldstein, Bradley J, Gudis, David A, Haehner, Antje, Higgins, Thomas S, Hopkins, Claire, Huart, Caroline, Hummel, Thomas, Jitaroon, Kawinyarat, Kern, Robert C, Khanwalkar, Ashoke R, Kobayashi, Masayoshi, Kondo, Kenji, Lane, Andrew P, Lechner, Matt, Leopold, Donald A, Levy, Joshua M, Marmura, Michael J, Mclelland, Lisha, Miwa, Takaki, Moberg, Paul J, Mueller, Christian A, Nigwekar, Sagar U, O'Brien, Erin K, Paunescu, Teodor G, Pellegrino, Robert, Philpott, Carl, Pinto, Jayant M, Reiter, Evan R, Roalf, David R, Rowan, Nicholas R, Schlosser, Rodney J, Schwob, James, Seiden, Allen M, Smith, Timothy L, Soler, Zachary M, Sowerby, Leigh, Tan, Bruce K, Thamboo, Andrew, Wrobel, Bozena, Yan, Carol H, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, Patel, Zara M, Holbrook, Eric H, Turner, Justin H, Adappa, Nithin D, Albers, Mark W, Altundag, Aytug, Appenzeller, Simone, Costanzo, Richard M, Croy, Ilona, Davis, Greg E, Dehgani-Mobaraki, Puya, Doty, Richard L, Duffy, Valerie B, Goldstein, Bradley J, Gudis, David A, Haehner, Antje, Higgins, Thomas S, Hopkins, Claire, Huart, Caroline, Hummel, Thomas, Jitaroon, Kawinyarat, Kern, Robert C, Khanwalkar, Ashoke R, Kobayashi, Masayoshi, Kondo, Kenji, Lane, Andrew P, Lechner, Matt, Leopold, Donald A, Levy, Joshua M, Marmura, Michael J, Mclelland, Lisha, Miwa, Takaki, Moberg, Paul J, Mueller, Christian A, Nigwekar, Sagar U, O'Brien, Erin K, Paunescu, Teodor G, Pellegrino, Robert, Philpott, Carl, Pinto, Jayant M, Reiter, Evan R, Roalf, David R, Rowan, Nicholas R, Schlosser, Rodney J, Schwob, James, Seiden, Allen M, Smith, Timothy L, Soler, Zachary M, Sowerby, Leigh, Tan, Bruce K, Thamboo, Andrew, Wrobel, Bozena, and Yan, Carol H
Abstract: The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the past year. There is substantial variability in the quality of this literature and a need to consolidate and critically review the evidence. It is with that aim that we have gathered experts from around the world to produce this International Consensus on Allergy and Rhinology: Olfaction (ICAR:O). Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to olfaction. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review, or evidence-based review with recommendations format as dictated by available evidence and scope within the ICAR:O document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:O document was integrated and reviewed by all authors for final consensus. The ICAR:O document reviews nearly 100 separate topics within the realm of olfaction, including diagnosis, epidemiology, disease burden, diagnosis, testing, etiology, treatment, and associated pathologies. This critical review of the existing clinical olfaction literature provides much needed insight and clarity into the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with olfactory dysfunction, while also clearly delineating gaps in our knowledge and evidence base that we should investigate further.
Published: 2022

7. Central nervous involvement in parosmia

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Abstract: This presentation presents possible central mechanisms involved in parosmia
Published: 2022

8. Parosmies: mécanismes et traitement

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Abstract: Parosmies: mécanismes et traitement
Published: 2022

9. Olfactory Dysfunction Predicts Frailty and Poor Postoperative Outcome in Older Patients Scheduled for Elective Non-Cardiac Surgery

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'anesthésiologie, Van Regemorter, Victoria, Dollase, J., Coulie, R., Stouffs, A., Dieu, Audrey, de Saint-Hubert, M., Mouraux, A., Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'anesthésiologie, Van Regemorter, Victoria, Dollase, J., Coulie, R., Stouffs, A., Dieu, Audrey, de Saint-Hubert, M., Mouraux, A., and Huart, Caroline
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Frailty has been suggested to take part in the recently demonstrated link between olfactory dysfunction and overall mortality risk. Preoperative assessment of frailty is essential to detect the most vulnerable patients scheduled for surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether olfactory dysfunction is a reliable predictor of preoperative frailty and postoperative outcome. DESIGN: This was a single-center prospective observational study conducted between July and October 2020 in Brussels, Belgium. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 155 preoperative patients aged from 65 years old and scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery. MEASUREMENTS: Olfactory function was examined using the Sniffin’ Sticks 12-item identification test. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and handgrip strength. The clock drawing test (CDT) from the EFS was also analyzed separately to evaluate cognitive function. Patients were followed for postoperative complications and mortality over one year. RESULTS: Olfactory dysfunction was significantly associated with the EFS score, anosmic patients having a higher median EFS score than normosmic patients (6[4-7] vs 4[2-5], p = .025). Anosmic patients had an increased odds of being frail after adjusting for possible confounding factors (OR: 6.19, 95% CI: 1.65-23.20, p = .007) and were more at risk of poor postoperative outcome (including complications and death) (OR: 4.33, 95% CI: 1.28-14.67, p = .018). CONCLUSIONS: Olfactory dysfunction is associated with preoperative frailty determined by the EFS and with poor post-surgical outcome at one-year.
Published: 2022

10. Evaluation de l’applicabilité du 'Sniffin’Stick test' dans la population africaine sub-saharienne du Sud-Kivu (R.D.Congo)

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - Faculté de médecine et médecine dentaire, ROMBAUX, Philippe, MOURAUX, André, DEGGOUJ, Naïma, HUART, Caroline, MALOTEAUX, Jean-Marie, BENSAFI, Moustafa, WATELET, Jean-Baptiste, MATANDA, Richard, BISIMWA, Ghislain, Balungwe, Patrick, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - Faculté de médecine et médecine dentaire, ROMBAUX, Philippe, MOURAUX, André, DEGGOUJ, Naïma, HUART, Caroline, MALOTEAUX, Jean-Marie, BENSAFI, Moustafa, WATELET, Jean-Baptiste, MATANDA, Richard, BISIMWA, Ghislain, and Balungwe, Patrick
Abstract: The olfactory disorders, formerly neglected, were recognized worldwide with the COVID-19 outbreak. Management of olfactory disorders requires appropriate tools of investigation. The Sniffin`Sticks test is widely used in Europe as a standard test to assess olfaction. However, up to now, there is no version adapted to Sub-Saharan African populations. This PhD thesis aimed at assessing the applicability of the Sniffin`Sticks test in the population of South-Kivu. Overall, we conducted three studies. In the first study, we selected odours that were poorly recognised in the identification test with the standard version of the Sniffin'stick test and proposed to replace them with culturally appropriate odours in an adapted version. In the second study, we found that the adapted version led to a higher rate of correctly identified odours and we defined normative values for the South Kivu population. In the third study, using the adapted version, we found that hyposmia predominated when the cause was an upper respiratory tract infection, while anosmia predominated when the cause was non-infectious. Our results point to the necessity of adapting the Sniffin`Sticks test by using both adapted odors and normative values specific to this population., Les troubles olfactifs, autrefois négligés, ont été reconnus dans le monde entier avec l'épidémie de COVID-19. La prise en charge des troubles olfactifs nécessite des outils d'investigation adaptés. Le Sniffin`Sticks test est largement utilisé en Europe comme test standard pour évaluer l'olfaction. Cependant, à ce jour, il n'existe pas de version adaptée aux populations d'Afrique subsaharienne. Cette thèse de doctorat visait à évaluer l'applicabilité du Sniffin`Sticks test dans la population du Sud-Kivu. Dans l'ensemble, nous avons mené trois études. Dans la première étude, nous avons sélectionné des odeurs mal reconnues lors du test d'identification avec la version standard du Sniffin’stick test et avons proposé de les remplacer par des odeurs culturellement appropriées dans une version adaptée. Dans la deuxième étude, nous avons constaté que la version adaptée conduisait à un taux plus élevé d'odeurs correctement identifiées et nous avons défini des valeurs normatives pour la population du Sud-Kivu. Dans la troisième étude, en utilisant la version adaptée, nous avons constaté que l'hyposmie prédominait lorsque la cause était une infection des voies respiratoires supérieures, alors que l'anosmie l'était lorsque la cause était non infectieuse. Nos résultats soulignent la nécessité d'adapter le Sniffin`Sticks test en utilisant à la fois des odeurs adaptées et des valeurs normatives propres à cette population., (MED - Sciences médicales) -- UCL, 2022
Published: 2022

11. Nihil in intellectu nisi prius in sensu?: Knowledge and conceptualization of olfactory information without the sense of smell

Author: UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Giraudet, Eléonore, Mattioni, Stefania, Lettieri, Giada, Huart, Caroline, Collignon, Olivier, UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Giraudet, Eléonore, Mattioni, Stefania, Lettieri, Giada, Huart, Caroline, and Collignon, Olivier
Abstract: “There is nothing in the intellect that was not first in the sense”. This famous quote attributed to Aristotle, represents the foundation of the empiricist view on how knowledge arises in the human mind. If true, one may therefore wonder how sensory deprived people conceive the things they cannot experience with their senses. The study of people born without olfaction represents a particularly interesting case to tackle such a question for two main reasons: 1) smell is a sensory quality that does not easily “remap” onto other properties of the other senses (e.g. you cannot hear or touch smell) and 2) because it has been demonstrated that, compared to the other senses, olfactory information is poorly accessible through language. How do people born without smell conceive olfactory information? To address this question, we asked congenital anosmic participants (N=20) and matched controls (N=20) to categorise and sort words with various olfactory values across five different tasks (property generation; card sorting; odd-one out; drag and rate; knowledge of the words) and two different conditions (neutral and olfactory). Our results show that despite important similarities between congenital anosmic and control people, they nonetheless show interesting qualitative discrepancies on how they think about olfactory content of things. Our study suggests that language allows a deep representation of odors even without ever experiencing them. However, such representation differs from the one of control people in significant ways, showing how sensory experience partially shapes our mental representation of things.
Published: 2022

12. Nihil in intellectu nisi prius in sensu?: Knowledge and conceptualization of olfactory information without the sense of smell

Author: UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Giraudet, Eléonore, Mattioni, Stefania, Lettieri, Giada, Huart, Caroline, Collignon, Olivier, UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Giraudet, Eléonore, Mattioni, Stefania, Lettieri, Giada, Huart, Caroline, and Collignon, Olivier
Abstract: “There is nothing in the intellect that was not first in the sense”. This famous quote attributed to Aristotle, represents the foundation of the empiricist view on how knowledge arises in the human mind. If true, one may therefore wonder how sensory deprived people conceive the things they cannot experience with their senses. The study of people born without olfaction represents a particularly interesting case to tackle such a question for two main reasons: 1) smell is a sensory quality that does not easily “remap” onto other properties of the other senses (e.g. you cannot hear or touch smell) and 2) because it has been demonstrated that, compared to the other senses, olfactory information is poorly accessible through language. How do people born without smell conceive olfactory information? To address this question, we asked congenital anosmic participants (N=20) and matched controls (N=20) to categorise and sort words with various olfactory values across five different tasks (property generation; card sorting; odd-one out; drag and rate; knowledge of the words) and two different conditions (neutral and olfactory). Our results show that despite important similarities between congenital anosmic and control people, they nonetheless show interesting qualitative discrepancies on how they think about olfactory content of things. Our study suggests that language allows a deep representation of odors even without ever experiencing them. However, such representation differs from the one of control people in significant ways, showing how sensory experience partially shapes our mental representation of things.
Published: 2022

13. Occupational exposure has a negative effect on postoperative results after sinus surgery

Author: UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Vansteelant, Géraldine, Dirk Dietz de Loos, Samaha, Marc, Langer, Daniel, Ronsmans, Steven, Keirsbilck, Stephan, Rombaux, Philippe, Huart, Caroline, Jorissen, Mark, Fokkens, Wytske, Nemery, Benoit, Hellings, Peter, Hox, Valérie, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Vansteelant, Géraldine, Dirk Dietz de Loos, Samaha, Marc, Langer, Daniel, Ronsmans, Steven, Keirsbilck, Stephan, Rombaux, Philippe, Huart, Caroline, Jorissen, Mark, Fokkens, Wytske, Nemery, Benoit, Hellings, Peter, and Hox, Valérie
Published: 2021

14. Olfactory dysfunction: Epidemiology, spontaneous recovery, neurodegeneration, aging

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

15. Olfactory bulb and plasticity

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

16. Trigeminal function and neurodegeneration

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

17. L'anosmie post-infectieuse

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

18. Intranasal trigeminal system

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

19. Postviral olfactory loss

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

20. Trigeminal testing

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

21. Intraoperative orbital complications in sinus surgery

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

22. Bilan et prise en charge des troubles de l'olfaction

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

23. Sniffin' sticks test for olfactory disorders - methodology and interpretation

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and Huart, Caroline
Published: 2021

24. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Parma, Valentina, GCCR Group Author, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Parma, Valentina, and GCCR Group Author
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19-; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: -82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19-: -59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021

25. Systemic corticosteroids in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell dysfunction: an international view.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, Philpott, Carl M, Altundag, Aytug, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Frasnelli, Johannes, Gane, Simon, Hsieh, Julien W, Holbrook, Eric H, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Landis, Basile N, Macchi, Alberto, Mueller, Christian A, Negoias, Simona, Pinto, Jayant M, Poletti, Sophia C, Ramakrishnan, Vijay R, Rombaux, Philippe, Vodicka, Jan, Welge-Lüessen, Antje, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Hummel, Thomas, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, Philpott, Carl M, Altundag, Aytug, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Frasnelli, Johannes, Gane, Simon, Hsieh, Julien W, Holbrook, Eric H, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Landis, Basile N, Macchi, Alberto, Mueller, Christian A, Negoias, Simona, Pinto, Jayant M, Poletti, Sophia C, Ramakrishnan, Vijay R, Rombaux, Philippe, Vodicka, Jan, Welge-Lüessen, Antje, Whitcroft, Katherine L, and Hummel, Thomas
Abstract: The frequent association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and olfactory dysfunction is creating an unprecedented demand for a treatment of the olfactory loss. Systemic corticosteroids have been considered as a therapeutic option. However, based on current literature, we call for caution using these treatments in early COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction because: (1) evidence supporting their usefulness is weak; (2) the rate of spontaneous recovery of COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction is high; and (3) corticosteroids have well-known potential adverse effects. We encourage randomized placebo-controlled trials investigating the efficacy of systemic steroids in this indication and strongly emphasize to initially consider smell training, which is supported by a robust evidence base and has no known side effects.
Published: 2021

26. Clinical Olfactory Working Group consensus statement on the treatment of postinfectious olfactory dysfunction.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Addison, Alfred B, Wong, Billy, Ahmed, Tanzime, Macchi, Alberto, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Huart, Caroline, Frasnelli, Johannes, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Ramakrishnan, Vijay R, Rombaux, Philippe, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Holbrook, Eric H, Poletti, Sophia C, Hsieh, Julien W, Landis, Basile N, Boardman, James, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Maru, Devina, Hummel, Thomas, Philpott, Carl M, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Addison, Alfred B, Wong, Billy, Ahmed, Tanzime, Macchi, Alberto, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Huart, Caroline, Frasnelli, Johannes, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Ramakrishnan, Vijay R, Rombaux, Philippe, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Holbrook, Eric H, Poletti, Sophia C, Hsieh, Julien W, Landis, Basile N, Boardman, James, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Maru, Devina, Hummel, Thomas, and Philpott, Carl M
Abstract: Respiratory tract viruses are the second most common cause of olfactory dysfunction. As we learn more about the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with the recognition that olfactory dysfunction is a key symptom of this disease process, there is a greater need than ever for evidence-based management of postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD). Our aim was to provide an evidence-based practical guide to the management of PIOD (including post-coronavirus 2019 cases) for both primary care practitioners and hospital specialists. A systematic review of the treatment options available for the management of PIOD was performed. The written systematic review was then circulated among the members of the Clinical Olfactory Working Group for their perusal before roundtable expert discussion of the treatment options. The group also undertook a survey to determine their current clinical practice with regard to treatment of PIOD. The search resulted in 467 citations, of which 107 articles were fully reviewed and analyzed for eligibility; 40 citations fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 11 of which were randomized controlled trials. In total, 15 of the articles specifically looked at PIOD whereas the other 25 included other etiologies for olfactory dysfunction. The Clinical Olfactory Working Group members made an overwhelming recommendation for olfactory training; none recommended monocycline antibiotics. The diagnostic role of oral steroids was discussed; some group members were in favor of vitamin A drops. Further research is needed to confirm the place of other therapeutic options.
Published: 2021

27. COVID-19: Recovery from Chemosensory Dysfunction. A Multicentre study on Smell and Taste.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Niklassen, Andreas Steenholt, Draf, Julia, Huart, Caroline, Hintschich, Constantin, Bocksberger, Simone, Trecca, Eleonora Maria Consiglia, Klimek, Ludger, Le Bon, Serge D, Altundag, Aytug, Hummel, Thomas, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Niklassen, Andreas Steenholt, Draf, Julia, Huart, Caroline, Hintschich, Constantin, Bocksberger, Simone, Trecca, Eleonora Maria Consiglia, Klimek, Ludger, Le Bon, Serge D, Altundag, Aytug, and Hummel, Thomas
Abstract: With the COVID-19 pandemic, chemosensory dysfunction are among the most prevalent symptoms. Most reports are subjective evaluations, which have been suggested to be unreliable. The objective is to test chemosensory dysfunction and recovery based on extensive psychophysical tests in COVID-19 during the course of the disease. Prospective cohort study. A total of 111 patients from four centers participated in the study. All tested positive for SARS-COV-2 with RT-PCR. They were tested within 3 days of diagnosis and 28 to 169 days after infection. Testing included extensive olfactory testing with the Sniffin' Sticks test for threshold, discrimination and identification abilities, and with the Taste Sprays and Taste Strips for gustatory function for quasi-threshold and taste identification abilities. There was a significant difference in olfactory function during and after infection. During infection 21% were anosmic, 49% hyposmic, and 30% normosmic. After infection only 1% were anosmic, 26% hyposmic, and 73% normosmic. For gustatory function, there was a difference for all taste qualities, but significantly in sour, bitter, and total score. Twenty-six percent had gustatory dysfunction during infection and 6.5% had gustatory dysfunction after infection. Combining all tests 22% had combined olfactory and gustatory dysfunction during infection. After infection no patients had combined dysfunction. Chemosensory dysfunction is very common in COVID-19, either as isolated smell or taste dysfunction or a combined dysfunction. Most people regain their chemosensory function within the first 28 days, but a quarter of the patients show persisting dysfunction, which should be referred to specialist smell and taste clinics for rehabilitation of chemosensory function. 3 Laryngoscope, 131:1095-1100, 2021.
Published: 2021

28. Lab and blood tests in rhinology

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, 3rd Investigative course in rhinology, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, and 3rd Investigative course in rhinology
Abstract: In this presentation, we will discuss useful lab and blood tests in rhinology
Published: 2021

29. The use of steroids in patients with olfactory dysfunction

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, ACHEMS 2021 Virtual meeting, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, and ACHEMS 2021 Virtual meeting
Abstract: We will discuss the potential usefulness of corticosteroids for the treatment of olfactory dysfunction
Published: 2021

30. Tackling nasal symptoms in athletes: Moving towards personalized medicine.

Author: UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Hox, Valérie, Beyaert, Simon, Bullens, Dominique, Couto, Mariana, Langer, Daniel, Hellings, Peter-Willem, Huart, Caroline, Rombaux, Philippe, Seys, Sven F, Surda, Pavol, Walker, Abigail, Steelant, Brecht, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Hox, Valérie, Beyaert, Simon, Bullens, Dominique, Couto, Mariana, Langer, Daniel, Hellings, Peter-Willem, Huart, Caroline, Rombaux, Philippe, Seys, Sven F, Surda, Pavol, Walker, Abigail, and Steelant, Brecht
Abstract: Adequate nasal breathing is indispensable for athletes, and nasal symptoms have been shown to interfere with their subjective feeling of comfortable breathing and quality of life. Nasal symptoms are caused by either structural abnormalities or mucosal pathology. Structural pathologies are managed differently from mucosal disease, and therefore, adequate diagnosis is of utmost importance in athletes in order to choose the correct treatment option for the individual. Literature suggests that nasal symptoms are more prevalent in athletes compared to the general population and certain sports environments might even trigger the development of symptoms. Given the high demands of respiratory function in athletes, insight into triggering factors is of high importance for disease prevention. Also, it has been suggested that athletes are more neglectful to their symptoms and hence remain undertreated, meaning that special attention should be paid to education of athletes and their caregivers. This review aims at giving an overview of nasal physiology in exercise as well as the possible types of nasal pathology. Additionally, diagnostic and treatment options are discussed and we focus on unmet needs for the management and prevention of these symptoms in athletes within the concept of precision medicine.
Published: 2021

31. Sino-nasal manifestations of systemic diseases

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, Sping meeting of the Royal Belgian ENT society, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, and Sping meeting of the Royal Belgian ENT society
Abstract: This presentation overview systemic diseases leading to sino-nasal manifestations
Published: 2021

32. Progressive Facial Deformity

Author: UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Marion Renaud, Hox, Valérie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Marion Renaud, Hox, Valérie, and Huart, Caroline
Abstract: DESCRIPTION : An 81-year-old woman consulted for painless, non-inflammatory masses on the forehead, zygomatic arches and right maxilla (Fig. 1a) gradually enlarging for more than a year. She reported asthenia, weight loss of 2 kg and frontal headache. She did not present any notable history. The rest of the otorhinolaryngological examination was normal. [...]
Published: 2021

33. Invasive Fungal Sinusitis with Ophthalmological Complications: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/SLUC - Pôle St.-Luc, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'anatomie pathologique, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'ophtalmologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Coutel, Maëlle, Duprez, Thierry, Huart, Caroline, Wacheul, Emilie, Boschi, Antonella, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/SLUC - Pôle St.-Luc, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'anatomie pathologique, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'ophtalmologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Coutel, Maëlle, Duprez, Thierry, Huart, Caroline, Wacheul, Emilie, and Boschi, Antonella
Abstract: Invasive fungal sinusitis can lead to dramatic complications in immunocompromised patients and requires prompt diagnosis. Here we report three cases with ophthalmological complications secondary to invasive fungal sinusitis in immunocompromised patients. From an ophthalmological point of view, these cases illustrate different clinical presentations, evolutions, complications, treatments, prognoses, and highlight different pathophysiological mechanisms. Diagnoses were delayed in all cases. In none of the cases did patients recover better vision than counting fingers at 24 months follow up, and two patients died. This case series highlights key points useful for quickly recognising this highly morbid infection in immunocompromised patients.
Published: 2021

34. Une déformation progressive du visage

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Renaud, Marion, Hox, Valérie, Huart, Caroline, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Renaud, Marion, Hox, Valérie, and Huart, Caroline
Abstract: Titre anglais : [Progressive facial deformity]
Published: 2021

35. Corrigendum to: More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: This is a correction notice for article bjaa041 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041), published 20 June 2020. An incorrect version of the caption to Figure 5 was mistakenly included in the published paper. An updated version is given below. Neither the data nor the paper’s conclusions were affected by this correction. The authors sincerely apologize for the error.
Published: 2021

36. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Author: Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cedric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jerome, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozturk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, Maria Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundstrom, Johan N., Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T., Santamaria, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Yanik, Huseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E., Reed, Danielle R., Niv, Masha Y., Munger, Steven D., Parma, Valentina, Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cedric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jerome, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozturk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, Maria Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundstrom, Johan N., Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T., Santamaria, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Yanik, Huseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E., Reed, Danielle R., Niv, Masha Y., Munger, Steven D., and Parma, Valentina
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19− groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: −82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19−: −59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0–10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021
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37. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

Author: Gerkin, Richard, Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Farruggia, Michael, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, V, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, DErrico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, Parma, Valentina, Gerkin, Richard, Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Farruggia, Michael, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, V, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, DErrico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, and Parma, Valentina
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19-; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: -82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19-: -59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021

38. Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 among individuals with recent respiratory symptoms

Author: Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule V., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D’Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Boesveldt, Sanne, Parma, Valentina, Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule V., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D’Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Boesveldt, Sanne, and Parma, Valentina
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19− groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: −82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19−: −59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0–10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021

39. Corrigendum to: More Than Smell—COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B., Gerkin, Richard C., Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N., Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Van Den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, De Groot, Jasper H.B., Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A., Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S.C., Yanlk, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D., Hayes, John E., Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B., Gerkin, Richard C., Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N., Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Van Den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, De Groot, Jasper H.B., Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A., Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S.C., Yanlk, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D., and Hayes, John E.
Abstract: This is a correction notice for article bjaa041 (DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041), published 20 June 2020. An incorrect version of the caption to Figure 5 was mistakenly included in the published paper. An updated version is given below. Neither the data nor the paper's conclusions were affected by this correction. The authors sincerely apologize for the error. (A) Correlations between the 3 principal components with respect to changes in 3 chemosensory modalities (i.e., taste, smell, and chemesthesis). Shades of gray indicate positive correlation, whereas shades of red indicate negative correlations. White denotes no correlation. (B) Clusters of participants identified by k-means clustering. The scatterplot shows each participant's loading on dimension 1 (degree of smell and taste loss, PC1 on x-Axis) and dimension 2 (degree of chemesthesis loss, PC2 on y-Axis). Based on the centroid of each cluster, participants in cluster 1 (blue, N = 1767; top left) are generally characterized by significant smell, taste and chemesthesis loss. Participants in cluster 2 (orange, N = 1724; bottom center) are generally characterized by ratings that reflect smell/taste loss with preserved chemesthesis. Loadings for participants in cluster 3 (green, N = 548; right side) are generally characterized by reduced smell and taste loss, and preserved chemesthesis.
Published: 2021

40. Les récepteurs olfactifs et les récepteurs au goût amer :Étude d’expression dans les muqueuses nasosinusiennes humaines. Étude de l’activation du récepteur au goût amer T2R38 par des métabolites bactériens

Author: Hassid, Sergio, Brion, Jean Pierre, Parmentier, Marc, Vermeulen, Françoise, Deltenre, Paul, Huart, Caroline, Poirrier, Anne-Lise, Verbeurgt, Christophe, Hassid, Sergio, Brion, Jean Pierre, Parmentier, Marc, Vermeulen, Françoise, Deltenre, Paul, Huart, Caroline, Poirrier, Anne-Lise, and Verbeurgt, Christophe
Abstract: Le génome humain contient plus de huit cents gènes de récepteurs olfactifs et 25 gènes derécepteurs au goût amer, qui sont exprimés dans de nombreux tissus. Très peu de données existentsur leur présence au niveau des muqueuses nasosinusiennes humaines. Les récepteurs olfactifs ontprobablement des fonctions en dehors de l’olfaction. Il est donc nécessaire d’établir lesquels d’entreeux participent à l’olfaction en les recherchant au sein de la muqueuse olfactive. Par ailleurs, lesrécepteurs au goût amer participent potentiellement à d’autres processus physiologiquesindépendants de la gustation. Au niveau du nez et des sinus, ces récepteurs pourraient êtreimpliqués dans l’immunité innée nasale.La première partie de ce travail s’est intéressée à l’expression des gènes des récepteurs olfactifs dansla muqueuse olfactive humaine. Des prélèvements de muqueuse olfactive entière ont pu êtreréalisés lors de 26 autopsies, puis analysés par les techniques de RT-qPCR. Nous mettons en évidenceque 273 gènes sont exprimés en moyenne. Un groupe de 90 gènes est exprimé chez tous les sujets,un autre groupe de 140 gènes est exprimé chez plus de la moitié des sujets et enfin un derniergroupe de 125 gènes est exprimé chez moins de la moitié des sujets. Cette variabilitéinterindividuelle d’expression des gènes de récepteurs olfactifs pourrait donc intervenir dans lavariabilité des performances olfactives entre individus. Nous avons également réalisé une deuxièmesérie de six prélèvements dans le but de préciser si une différence d’expression existait entre lamuqueuse olfactive antérieure et postérieure. Nos résultats montrent une expression semblableentre ces deux parties.La deuxième partie de ce travail a été consacrée aux récepteurs au goût amer. Le premier objectifconsistait à déterminer parmi les gènes de cette famille de 25 récepteurs, lesquels étaient expriméset à quel niveau dans la sphère nasosinusienne. Nous avons eu recours à la même approche baséesur la RT-qPCR, pour identifier e, Doctorat en Sciences médicales (Médecine), info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2021

41. More than just smell - COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Pizio, Antonella Di, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Fialov, Jitka Trebická, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Brink, Mirjam van den, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph.S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Dalton, Pamela, Freiherr, Jessica, Yan, Carol H., Groot, Jasper H. B. de, Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Klein, Hadar, Chen, Jingguo, Okamoto, Masako, Sell, Elizabeth A., Singh, Preet Bano, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S. Craig, Yanik, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Novákov, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Asl, Sara Razzaghi, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven, Hayes, John E, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Pizio, Antonella Di, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Fialov, Jitka Trebická, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Brink, Mirjam van den, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph.S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Dalton, Pamela, Freiherr, Jessica, Yan, Carol H., Groot, Jasper H. B. de, Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Klein, Hadar, Chen, Jingguo, Okamoto, Masako, Sell, Elizabeth A., Singh, Preet Bano, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S. Craig, Yanik, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Novákov, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Asl, Sara Razzaghi, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, generally lacked quantitative measurements, and were mostly restricted to data from single countries. Here, we report the development, implementation and initial results of a multi-lingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in three distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, 8 other, ages 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7±28.7, mean±SD), taste (-69.0±32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3±36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell, but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This work was supported financially with discretionary funds from the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), including a gift from James and Helen Zallie g
Published: 2020

42. More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author: Parma, Valentina, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Parma, Valentina, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

43. More Than Smell—COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B., Gerkin, Richard C., Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N., Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaria, Enrique, Fredborg, William E. A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H. B., Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W., Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D., Hayes, John E., Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B., Gerkin, Richard C., Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N., Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaria, Enrique, Fredborg, William E. A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H. B., Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W., Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D., and Hayes, John E.
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19–79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (−79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (−69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (−37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020
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44. Post-infectious and post-traumatic olfactory loss

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, Smell and Taste Congress, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, and Smell and Taste Congress
Abstract: The aim of this presentation is to give an overview of current knowledges about post-infectious and post-traumatic olfactory loss.
Published: 2020

45. Plaintes ORL liées au Covid-19

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, Le Bras, Karl, de Toeuf, Caroline, Deggouj, Naïma, Rombaux, Philippe, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Huart, Caroline, Le Bras, Karl, de Toeuf, Caroline, Deggouj, Naïma, and Rombaux, Philippe
Published: 2020

46. More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

47. Assessing olfactory function in patients with smell disorders in the South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de l'allergie, UCL - (SLuc) Centre labio-palatin Albert de Coninck, Balungwe, Patrick, Huart, Caroline, Bisimwa, Ghislain, Matanda, Richard, Mouraux, André, Rombaux, Philippe, UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de l'allergie, UCL - (SLuc) Centre labio-palatin Albert de Coninck, Balungwe, Patrick, Huart, Caroline, Bisimwa, Ghislain, Matanda, Richard, Mouraux, André, and Rombaux, Philippe
Abstract: Objective: Olfactory disorders may be associated with different etiologies, including upper respiratory infections, sinonasal conditions, head injuries, exposure to toxins, and congenital anosmia. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of different etiologies for olfactory dysfunction as observed in a sub-Saharan African population. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a series of 116 consecutive patients with an olfactory disorder who lived in the city of Bukavu in the South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The study was conducted from June 1, 2016 to May 30, 2017. We used the Sniffin’ Sticks test, adapting the identification (I) test to our population but retaining the standard threshold (T) and discrimination (D) tests. The patients were classed as anosmic if their composite T + D + I score was <16, hyposmic if it was 16–30, and normosmic if it was >30. Informed consent was obtained in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki II. We calculated proportions for each olfactory disorder. Results: Median age (minimum–maximum) in our 116 patients was 42.5 (18–83) years. Women made up 60% of our sample. It was observed that 70.7% of patients had anosmia and 29.3% hyposmia. In descending order, the main causes were upper respiratory infections (49.1%), congenital causes (34.5%), nasal polyps (6%), nose and/or sinus surgery (3.4%), head injuries (2.6%), metabolic causes (2.6%), and occupational exposure to toxins (1.7%). Hyposmia predominated when the cause was upper respiratory infection, whereas anosmia did when the cause was congenital and noninfectious. Conclusion: In our study population, upper respiratory infections were the main cause of dysosmia. The anosmic cases we observed tended to be congenital in nature, suggesting that there existed other etiological factors that require further investigation.
Published: 2020

48. COVID-19 and olfactory dysfunction - an ENT perspective to the current COVID-19 pandemic

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Vroegop, Anneclaire V., Eeckels, Anne-Sophie, Rompaey, Vincent Van, Abeele, Dirk Vanden, Schiappoli, Michele Schiappoli, Alobid, Isam, Hummel, Thomas, De Dorlodot, Clotilde, Levie, Patrick, Huart, Caroline, Eloy, Philippe, Vanderveken, Olivier M., Hellings, Peter W., Rombaux, Philippe, Gevaert, Philippe, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Vroegop, Anneclaire V., Eeckels, Anne-Sophie, Rompaey, Vincent Van, Abeele, Dirk Vanden, Schiappoli, Michele Schiappoli, Alobid, Isam, Hummel, Thomas, De Dorlodot, Clotilde, Levie, Patrick, Huart, Caroline, Eloy, Philippe, Vanderveken, Olivier M., Hellings, Peter W., Rombaux, Philippe, and Gevaert, Philippe
Abstract: The current COVID-19 or Sars-CoV-2 pandemic increased awareness of hyposmia or anosmia, as this can be an accompanying symptom. In mild cases, anosmia without rhinorrhea can be the only presenting symptom of this infection. Timely identification can lead to early detection of otherwise asymptomatic carriers. History taking and essential clinical assessment with appropriate protective measures can be performed in patients in whom COVID-19 is suspected. Patients with anosmia without nasal obstruction should be considered COVID-19 suspect and this should initiate testing or self-isolation. As for treatment of hyposmia or anosmia, the authors do not advise treatment with systemic corticosteroids in patients with COVID-19. Based on expert opinion, nasal corticosteroids can be considered, with a preference for spray formulation. Patients who were already using topical or inhalation corticosteroids for proven pre-existing disease (such as asthma and/or allergy) should be advised to continue their maintenance therapy. ENT (Ear Nose Throat) focus on hyposmia and anosmia should be continued, to gain additional knowledge of the disease mechanisms of COVID-19 and improve follow-up, not only on the pneumological aspects but also to evaluate the impact on quality of life of potentially long-term side effects caused by anosmia.
Published: 2020

49. More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author: Parma, Valentina, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Parma, Valentina, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

50. Relations nez-bronches : physiologie, exploration et pathologie

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pneumologie, Hox, Valérie, Pilette, Charles, Huart, Caroline, Rombaux, Philippe, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pneumologie, Hox, Valérie, Pilette, Charles, Huart, Caroline, and Rombaux, Philippe
Abstract: Ce chapitre vise à résumer les similitudes et les différences entre la physiologie, l'exploration et la pathologie des voies respiratoires supérieures et inférieures, ainsi que les liens et les mécanismes possibles d'interaction entre les maladies inflammatoires nasales et bronchiques.
Published: 2019

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