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Security is the major concern in the wireless networks. These wireless networks are not connected through any type of cables but instead of using these cables this wireless networks use radio waves to connect different devices. Wi-Fi is a technology for this wireless networks to establish the communication between various devices which are based on 802.11 standards. These devices include personal computers, laptops, phones, tablets, video-game consoles etc. These wireless networking is not totally secure because variety of attack methods like jamming, eavesdropping, man-in-the middle attack, key reinstallation attack called as KRACK against the wireless networks. Among these all the attacks, key reinstallation attack(KRACK) is the most powerful attack against the wireless network users to steal the sensitive information of the users like bank account details, email and password. This key reinstallation attack alter the normal communication flaws in cryptographic protocols during 4-way handshake with wireless access point for again installing the key which is already generated by authenticated user. The main purpose of this attack on wireless network is for resetting some parameters related to key such as replay counter, receive counters, and transmit nonces for generating the trap for the victim. This paper includes detail analysis of key reinstallation attack on wireless network and security protocols for wireless network and then proposed a new handshake mechanism for securing wireless networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data storage at the UK Tier-1 facility at RAL is provided through its ECHO storage, serving the requirements for the WLGC and increasing numbers of other HEP and astronomy related communities. ECHO is a Cephbacked erasure-coded object store, currently providing in excess of 40PB of usable space, with frontend access to data provided via XRootD or GridFTP, using the libradosstriper library of Ceph. The storage must service the needs of: high-throughput compute, with staged and direct file access passing through an XCache on each workernode; data access to compute running at storageless satellite sites; and, managed inter-site data transfers using the recently adopted HTTPS protocol (via WebDav), which includes multi-hop data transfers to and from RAL's newly commissioned CTA tape endpoint. A review of the experiences of providing data access via an object store within these data workflows is presented, including the details of the improvements necessary for the transition to WebDav, used for most inter-site data movements, and enhancements for direct-IO file access, where the development and optimisation of buffering and vector read strategies is explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless sensor network (WSN), is a technology that can collect data over a large area using a set of sensor nodes. There are several research in the field of wireless sensor networks. One of the popular areas is optimizing the routing protocol strategy with respect to energy utilization of sensor nodes. Clustering mechanism is one of the popular WSN routing mechanism. In this paper, network performance analysis was performed using the LEACH modification algorithm. The results show that throughput, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay have increased. The measurement process in this research using Network Simulation 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach to implementing a verification server. This server is part of the general concept of a distributed WEB server, which is completely written in the Prolog language. A feature of the presented approach is the use of "internal" (initially contained on the server) and "external" (came through the network) rules. External rules can replace internal rules or modify them without stopping the server. To do this, it is necessary to ensure that the structure of the external rules is fully compatible with the structure of the internal ones. Thus, the self-modification property of the Prolog language is used to perform the verification. This is achieved using a strictly defined protocol for creating external rules, according to which they must be formed. The server input receives data that needs to be verified. The result of the verification server operation is transmitted to the main server, based on which it decides whether to continue or complete the data processing process. It is also important to note that since Prolog applies each rule independently, some data processing rules can be transferred to another server, for example, to parallelize verification. For example, a system for assembling 3D structures was chosen. JSON is used as the data transfer format, the data on which is transmitted via the REST network protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing number of internet users in the world can be attributed to a variety of activities, such as buying and selling, transferring information and currency, and other activities that occur millions of times per minute. This clearly emphasized finding solutions for a more accurate and secure data transfer and retrieval process. Named Data Networking (NDN) is an alternative Internet architecture suggested to solve the problem of identifying data containers by connecting all of the world's computing devices. In this paper, we provide an overview of how to use the TCP/IP protocol for networking and data acquisition, as well as how to use the Named Data Network protocol and the proposed procedure for calling data. As a result, when transferring data, we ensure that each individual receives the correct data at the right time and that the data cannot be accessed by a third party outside of the network. However, it is challenging to create reliable communication in mobile ad hoc and occasionally linked situations with the current TCP/IP architecture, but NDN makes it possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a core mechanism of the internet of things used in the army, robotics, agriculture, environment, etc. Wireless detection and monitoring applications require WSN energy systems and message transmission dependability. Many routing techniques based on clustering and hierarchical topology have been developed to increase WSN performance and optimize energy usage. Most routing protocols don't consider all the metrics needed to extend network life. This work introduces Probability Density Based Adaptive-LEACH (PDBAC-LEACH), an enhanced algorithm of a LEACH protocol aimed to equalize the energy exhaustion of sensor nodes to maximize WSN longevity. The suggested methodology selects Cluster Heads (CHs) using sensor node residual energy. Only nodes with enough current could be chosen the CH. From then, it prioritizes current energies and distance to the Base Station (BS) to identify a root CH with higher present energy than average CH energy and a shorter average distance to the BS (base station). This parent CH contains root CH information, by using a multi-hop technique across CHs, the root clusters head CH collects and transmits compressed data to the BS. They were enhancing an algorithm in MATLAB R2016b. The model findings showed that the supplying protocol is better than LEACH Protocols used to extend network lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are a subset of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) that are formed by vehicles installed with wireless devices. In VANET, communication occurs between Vehicle 2 Vehicle mode and Vehicle to road side unit, resulting in a good communication system. Routing is critical in getting the necessary data to the nodes or vehicles. In this paper, we examine the performance of reactive routing protocols like AODV and DSR, as well as proactive routing protocols like OLSR and DSDV, in an urban city traffic scenario using SUMO, and network performance using NS3 to find an appropriate protocol by using network parameters like packet delivery ratio, throughput, and delay. Based on the simulations, we discovered that AODV outperforms the others [3]. The results upon simulation. Location of real-world has also been simulated in addition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effectively using constrained memory resources in wireless sensor nodes to efficiently enhance data availability is essential. Storage management techniques in wireless sensor networks aim to replicate data across rendezvous nodes to reduce query latency and increase data availability. The second factor affecting the network's lifespan is whether the data collector is stationary or moving. In the WSNs with a mobile sink, the data are gathered from the sensors by using the mobile sink to mitigate energy hole or hotspot issue by regularly visiting the network. Furthermore, to minimize energy consumption, the mobile sink gathers the data from rendezvous nodes rather than every cluster head. In-network storage management protocols stores the data in a specific group of nodes i.e., rendezvous node, and the selection of rendezvous node is the critical issue to enhance the network lifetime, delay throughput, and energy utilization. In this article, we have highlighted critical ideas of existing in-network storage protocols based on network topology, virtual backbone, transmission strategy, and reliability. The essential arguments of in-network storage protocols have also been summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maintenance and supervision of a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) is an important thing in order to be able to monitor the condition of the BTS whether it is in the proper condition or needs to be repaired. A BTS is a very important device in a communication system, so it needs to be monitored and maintained properly. BTS in Indonesia are famous for as many as 24 provinces with 137 districts and have a total BTS of up to 1067 points. BTS located in remote areas will certainly help with costs because the costs used to reach the location will be more expensive than the components used. For this reason, a Network Management System (NMS) was designed to monitor the condition of BTS in a certain area to make it easier to check the condition of the BTS. As for the NMS, it was designed using an embedded system with Simple Network Management Protocol. As a result, the NMS can be used to monitor the condition of the BTS through the installed sensors and can be monitored properly through the Praessler Router Traffic Grapher server. In addition, the NMS is designed to store all the data obtained on the SD Card and can be downloaded via the webserver at any time as proof that the NMS is working properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing a high energy efficient routing protocols for IoT (Internet of Things) is a demanding task. This paper deal with a broad survey on distinct routing protocols in Internet of Things (IoT) for a different applications in various domains like health care, transport, agriculture, consumer applications, smart home, military, and many more. A thing or object connectedto the internet may be called as an IoT. Routing Protocols can be divided into several categories based on the metrics suchas functionalities, infrastructure, privacy, and many more. Sensors connected with IoT devices are capable to collect information and transmit the same to the receiver. IoT networks are decentralized, self-organizing and the network may incur dynamic changesin the position of the nodes. The Routing plays a vital role in the transmission of packets between nodes. We briefly reviewed the energy-efficient protocols by considering Establishment of connection, delivery of the packets, significance, overhead, energy consumption, throughput, stability of the network, cluster head (CH) selection, quality of service, residual Energy and many more. Energy efficient routing protocols are extensively surveyed and qualitatively compared in terms of limitation, characteristics, features and competitive advantages are listed herein. Furthermore, this survey aims to provide a helpful guidance for the designersto evaluate and select the above parameters for energy efficient routing in IoT. Any future work can have this study for improvingthese protocols and enhance the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring the activities of the surrounding area using a wireless sensor network is very important to help support human work such as bridge surveillance, agricultural supervision, and others. Wireless sensor networks work in real time requiring a large amount of power source. In order for the wireless sensor network to work optimally and last, it is necessary to minimize the working energy of communication protocols on wireless sensor networks as in this study is a link layer protocol used for savings in the use of resources in wireless sensor network transmission systems. In large-scale use, wireless sensor networks use multiple nodes. In order to use less energy for the most efficient use of wireless sensor networks with many nodes, the most appropriate way to perform a clustering system that divides nodes into groups with each cluster there is a head cluster that serves as a data aggregation in each node member on their respective clusters. In this study the clustering system used the LEACH protocol. If a wireless sensor network uses multiple nodes, it is vulnerable to attack. To provide security in the wireless sensor network used Tiny Sec protocol based Tiny OS. So in performing energy minimization wireless sensor network protocol can also consider the security aspects of the sensor network. The parameters analyzed in this study are the relationship of the use of working energy with the lifetime of the sensor network. The data found in this study is with the addition of Tiny Sec, the power consumption and data used become minimal and the working energy that is able to survive by using 100 nodes and working energy 2 J then the maximum usage time is about 500 seconds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to improve the spectrum efficiency for the underlaid device to device communication using multihop network protocol with the help of adaptive greedy algorithm in comparison with greedy algorithm in single hop network protocol. The performance metrics of existing Greedy algorithm based singlehop Device to Device communication compared with Adaptive greedy algorithm based multihop Device to Device communication to enhance the spectrum and energy efficiency. The algorithms are tested in Network simulator with independent samples of 20 for each group and obtained the dependent variables like improved energy efficiency,high throughput,high packet delivery ratio and low end-to-end delay along with normalized routing overhead. The algorithm performance is verified and the result shows that the adaptive greedy algorithm outperforms the greedy algorithm in terms of throughput(1.37Mbps),normalized routing overhead(35 bits/transmission) and delay(17ms) and Statistical analysis also shows that significant value (P<0.05). Within the limits of this study the adaptive greedy algorithm with multicasting property implemented for underlaid device to device communication using multihop network protocol strategy showed a better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a new network architecture theoretical framework, which based on the partition of control plane and data plane. Some of the important features of SDN are centralized network management, open code, scalability, effective utilization of network resources, effective traffic management, security etc. All these administrative decisions taken by the controller which lies at the top of data plane. It is very easy to deploy new applications or new network protocols in the network by programming the control plane in SDN as compared to the traditional network. Multiple controllers needed to efficiently control a large scale SDN network. Deploying these controllers in an SDN is a tricky decision as placement of controllers play a very significant role on the performance of entire network. It can be seen as facility location problem for multiple clients (SDN switches) and further solve for the required aim/s (network objective/s). The problem is known as Controller Placement Problem (CPP) with two aims first to optimize the number of controllers to be deployed in SDN and second to resolve their positions in the topology. An extensive study of some of the latest literature on the controller placement methods presents in this review for few features such as dependability of network components, network environment, solution approach, traffic attributes, controller capacity, and different optimization objective/s. We primarily target our analysis on controller placement technique based on optimization objectives such as latency, traffic load, control plane overhead, QoS, connectivity or a sequence of these objectives. In the end we conclude this review paper and suggested directions for open research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents research on Ethernet networks with deterministic delays. The features of Time-Sensitive Networks and the key protocols contributing to time-delay-sensitive networks are considered. The principles of scheduling traffic with deterministic delays are reviewed. Determinism promotes efficient prediction of network behaviour and reduced latency as a consequence. Lack of predictability of networks increases the risk of information loss or delay, which can lead to lethal consequences. TSN that allow the use of synchronisation and the determinization of resulting delays provide an opportunity to enhance the security characteristics and resilience of hard time systems, something that Ethernet cannot fully guarantee. The cyclic scheduled traffic service algorithm we investigate allows prioritization of the traffic classes under study based on information criticality. The paper emphasizes the importance of prioritizing different traffic classes in queue scheduling. The necessity of correct synchronisation of streams and data delivery in the required time range is revealed, to ensure the reliability of production process management, based on the identification of Ethernet shortcomings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study implemented an Internet of Things Remote Monitoring of fire system using a mesh network for an immediate response and an artificial neural network algorithm application for accuracy and reliability. The mesh network for the method used the DigiMesh network protocol. The 900HP DigiMesh Radio frequency modules were used as end-nodes and routers. Remote monitoring was done with the use of an Android application that is built with App Inventor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless mesh network provide interdependency between the nodes which provide connectivity as well as services to other networks. Time division multiple access (TDMA) technique accesses the multiple channels at same time without overlapping the channels in the network by dividing the whole frames into time slots and automatically helps in resource utilization and Real Time problems. This proposed work is explaining the Multi-radio, Multi-channel with reactive protocol which improves the overall capacity of WMNs. The Channel assignment technique uses additional orthogonal channels to settle on best path for information transmission. To perform better in Hybrid Wireless mesh network AODV protocol with MR-LQSR protocol was implemented on nodes which help to transfer data in large network. In other words to improve the Packet delivery ratio find the relationship between the delay and no of Interfering nodes which estimate the delay in packet delivery at the receiving end and simulation results shows the better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is the latest technology that is appealing to academics, industry, and researchers. Through this technology, many software applications can be controlled in a big way, such as reinstalling the route, monitoring hardware devices with software and connecting with Internet, etc. Efforts are being made to deal with SDN-based network issues such as node deployment architecture, localization, network protocols, operating systems, virtualization, and power problems, despite repeated improvements to solve it. We have used the TCP subflow to measure the viability of the connection in the virtual environment. The main work is to distribute data between subflows and control the network connections. Each TCP subflow is sending to the network, and we have also monitored network assets throughout the broadcast in the Ether Network. TCP rates are as per the proportion of modified rates and verify the TCP Fairness. Establishment of connectivity in the SDN controller and SDN devices is also part of our experiment, and the acknowledgment policy is also used. OpenFlow protocol is used to validate messages passed through SDN devices or controllers, and to store information as an open flow table. After that, we check the improved access performance in the simulated testbed and compare the existing algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initially, ICS is developed into independent networks that operate on custom network protocols and monitor industrial automation (i.e., using technology) processes. Therefore, cyber-attacks were limited to linked IT platforms and direct physical access for such control systems. Over the years, we have seen numerous emergent business needs that connect IT and OT technologies and incorporate and use Internet-enabled communication. This paper introduces a detailed review of information security challenges for ICS. Special attention has been paid to the SCADA architecture and its parts, and component-sensitive threatening vectors and potential component risks were identified. In addition, we examined the traditional and advanced threats and attacks against ICS and suggested a matrix for risk assessments that highlighted factors such as probability and impact. The average risk score was calculated in which the infrastructure was found to be the most and least vulnerable component. We have also highlighted specific global ICS security standards for organizations' protection and protection of critical assets. In this paper, we want to give an overview of the cybersecurity of the ICS, which could help organizations take preliminary actions on the entire infrastructure to improve the functionality of their equipment without being subjected to cyber-attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts data packets to offer safe encrypted communication between two computers over an IP network. It's a protocol that's utilized in virtual private networks. In this proposed work, we are providing secure path for better packet transmission between transmitter and receiver. For safe and secure data transmission, we are developing two routing algorithms namely Open Shortest Path First and Border Gateway Protocol which are designed for packaging along with switch routing. This embedded algorithm of both OSPF and BGP protocols enhances Internet Protocol security for secure data transmission in networking domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network protocol plays a major role in data transfer between routers and switches. There exist several approaches to manage routers for configuration and operation of data using Command Line Interface (CLI). The SNMP is used to mange the network devices. The problem faced by SNMP is that the configuration is done manually. In order to overcome the manual process the proposed system known as YANG/NETCONF came into existence. The YANG is modelling language along with NETCONF that configures the network devices automatically. The proposed work is using YANG to design automatic identification system. The automatic identification system is used to select the router in the network. The designed system is experimented using the YANG tool and the accuracy and the time taken to identify the appropriate router are recorded. The current proposed system is designed as new app that allowed all users to choose their desirable testbed/routers under the series NCS 500 and NCS 5500. The automatic identification system yielded 98.23% accuracy and 150ms as time taken to locate the appropriate routers take into identify the router. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem-solving based, as much as possible, on real data, expert knowledge, and on-field observation are quite desired objectives. However, it creates several difficulties on deployment in real situations. In this work, a data-driven version of the well-known PDCA cycle is proposed for continuous improvement within a general class of problems represented by key performance indicators (KPI). Such class is wide enough to accommodate several real problems but still has a controlled level of complexity that allows defining a general data-driven protocol that covers all the (sub)steps of the cycle. New approaches and alternatives in the literature are discussed. A brief example of one of the steps of the protocol is given with real data from a company that adopts many of the new Industry 4.0 technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software is described that allows carrying out hybrid automation of network protocol analysis. Previously, network protocol analysis was done entirely by hand using analysis knowledge and analysis tools such as tcpdump or Ethereal. Within the framework of this work, two algorithms are considered. To demonstrate sequence alignment algorithms, HTTP is used as the "unknown" protocol, for simplicity's sake, as it is easy to use and open source. Although HTTP is a text-based protocol, a similar principle can be applied to any stream of bytes that has some structure. To demonstrate the construction of a phylogenetic tree, SMB protocol was used, as a full-fledged representative of a successful project on reverse engineering of a closed protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZigBee is a worldwide standard wireless personal area network that focuses on reducing power conception and it is also cost efficient, reliable and also contains scalable products and applications. In data communication networks, most significant functions is routing between nodes. ZigBee standard helps a combination of tree routing and vector routing on demand. Shortcut Tree Routing (STR) extensively improves the path effectiveness of ZigBee tree routing by including only the neighbor details of a hop. Also, the routing path is not always optimal in one feature of end-to-end hop distance is STR limitation. Performance of packet delivery ratio and end delay of STR is poor. ZigBee tree routing cannot provide the optimal routing path. To overcome these limitations, enhancement of STR is proposed in this method to improve the delay against STR. It is clearly that preserving two-hop neighbor information generates large protocol overhead on network through large node density. So, this work proposes an enhancement of the STR along with the information on physical position of nodes. That is, STR is used to find the next hop and from which the physical distance among node and destination is used as one of the parameters to get the good route. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a method for improved access to publisher references in linked data RDF editors using data mining techniques and a large corpus of library metadata encoded in the MARC21 standard. The corpus is comprised of clustered sets of publishers and publisher locations from the library MARC21 records found in the Platform for Open Data (POD). POD is a data aggregation project involving member institutions of the IvyPlus Library Confederation and contains seventy million MARC21 records, forty million of which are unique. The discovery of publisher entity sets described forms the basis for the streamlined description of BIBFRAME Instance entities. The result of this work includes a database of association rules and RDF editor improvements. The association rules are the basis of a prototype autosuggestion feature of BIBFRAME Instance entity description properties designed specifically to support the auto‐population of publisher entities in linked data RDF editors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background - Companies have to constantly improve and adapt to the dynamically changing conditions, in order to remain competitive. This implies a fundamental change in the organization and the mindset of employees, as well as a continuous improvement of internal processes, in both direct and indirect areas. Especially in a highly automated production, thins leads to a new level of complexity, that adds to the difficulty to further improve existing processes. Purpose -. This paper gives insights into the discussion of the future role of process improvement in highly automated production and the relevance of new digital technologies to further enhance productivity. Methodology/Approach - In order to address the research question, virtual focus groups have been chosen as a qualitative approach. Seven executives of German large-scale enterprises assessed the future role of process improvements in a highly automated manufacturing setting. Findings - Results show that the potential for process improvements in manufacturing is still high. While the integration of continuous process improvement aims for incremental improvements, new technologies open up opportunities to address existing inefficiencies, unscheduled downtimes and excessive rework by addressing hitherto unsolved problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present time is characterized by the active use of information and communication technologies in education, in particular distance educational technologies. The widespread use of distance learning is due to the ability to study at a convenient time, in a convenient place and pace, providing students with equal opportunities to receive education regardless of their place of residence, health status and material situation. Moreover, and due to the current epidemic in the world, distance learning has become a necessity, accompanied by an increased load on the Internet, therefore, and based on the importance of distance learning in our time, it is necessary to develop effective data transfer algorithms to ensure the optimal operation of the distance learning process. This paper discusses the various mechanism and network protocols used in distance learning, and technical requirements almost for each of them, suggests a new mechanism and algorithm for supporting the transmission of multimedia packets which are very essential and important in the process of distance learning, explains the concept of quality-of-service QoS in computer networks and its importance to provide a good data transmission through the network, Quality of service is based on the management of such data transmission parameters as network bandwidth, information transmission delay, percentage of packet loss in the network and jitter, every type of network application imposes its own QoS requirements to ensure successful and effective data transfer, and our main task will be to optimize quality of service parameters in order to provide the best data transmission for distance learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AUTOSAR(AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is a worldwide development partnership to establish an open industry standard for the automotive software architecture between suppliers and manufacturers. The partnership include different types of stakeholders: Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM), suppliers, tool developers, and new market entrants. AUTOSAR has a layered architecture. In this architecture, Communication Stack or Com-Stack facilitates communication. ComStack can be defined as a software stack that provides communication services to the Basic Software Modules and Application Layer . The Ethernet communication network is incorporated with other communication networks such as CAN, LIN etc. to fulfill the AUTOSAR compliant requirements in modern automotives. The functionality of AUTOSAR TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) module in Ethernet communication network is the transmission and reception of Internet Protocol data. The TCP/IP Stack is a collection of networking protocols. The design and development of UDP(User Datagram Protocol) protocol in the transport layer of TCP/IP stack and its testing in AUTOSAR specific TCP/IP stack using Ethernet communication network is done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fleet management system (FMS) is a term for an application to manage and monitor of fleet-related applications such as transportation, logistics, and distribution. When the fleet in an FMS goes into a massive number, a lightweight IoT protocol is needed for better system response and operational cost. The most common protocol that widely used and developed nowadays is HTTP or REST and MQTT. HTTP or REST relies on the physical location of the device, which presents complexity of the network control and less efficient because of its protocol overhead. MQTT protocol is presented to handle the issues that happened in HTTP or REST. In this study, the comparison between this two protocol will be presented in term of data latency. In the experiments, GPS is used as an input for data transmission. These data will be processed by ARM Cortex-M4 based microcontroller to transmit the data from the sensor to the server using MQTT and REST protocol within different experiment time. The server act as a receiver and the result was displayed in the PC serial monitor. At the end of the experiment, the results are MQTT was obtained to be more suitable because of its low latency compared to HTTP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the analysis of usability of the national open data portals. Open [government] data are considered as one of the most influenceable tool for preventing and reducing corruption and reaching innovative solutions that create added value for society. Thus, it is important to ensure that they are provided in a form that are useful and suitable for the original purpose of the open data. Critical voices and many discussions on whether open government data and national open data portals are of sufficient quality appear more frequently. Therefore, this study deals with this topic and aims to find the main challenges that can negatively impact users’ experience through an analysis of usability of 42 open data portals by applying a unified methodology on them allowing their comparative analysis to be carried out. This study highlights the weakest aspects for 42 national open data portals, pointing on both, the most common weakest points, and individual. The analysis carried out also identifies portals that can be considered as leaders and as an example for the less successful open data portals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the study of two of Internet of Things protocols, CoAP and MQTT, in a wireless environment, being used oriented to the domestic field, based on a simple exercise that involves turning on and off a lamp. After the implementation of each protocol, tests and measurements were made with tools such as Wireshark and Jperf for proper comparisons. Finally, the analysis of the results is presented, which indicates that the use of MQTT is efficient for the use of cloud services and real-time control of objects within the home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of selecting the routing protocols is one of the most critical choices to be made during the design of an advert hoc network. Several things are essential to be known to choose the route correctly. Simulators are a way of testing the system. Network researchers may use other simulation methods performance like OPNET (Optimized Network Engineering Tool), NS-2 (Network Simulator version 2) and NS-3 (Network Simulator Version 3) in addition to many other simulation programs and tools. In this paper, we have used NS-2.35 for simulation. By using different routing protocols, we have measured and compared our results and were able to figure out throughput, average end delay, PDR, and Nodes energy residual using the Random mobility model. The simulation results showed that the AODV routing protocol has been more efficient in terms of its performance than other routing protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

57% of mobile network traffic can be attributed to streaming video content, video streaming is a service that demands efficiency, reliability and network stability. In this article, we present a performance benchmark of three different video streaming protocols, RTMP, RTSP and HLS, in mobile networks. This evaluation focuses on three aspects: stability, mobile device battery life and resource consumption (CPU, RAM). The evaluation is carried out in the city of Guaranda in Ecuador, in this city the coverage of mobile networks is very variable, starting with the 4G network that does not have much coverage and the rest of the city uses between 3G and 2G, that makes the coverage along the city very changeable, which is optimal to carry out the proposed evaluation. The result was that the best protocol that can be used currently for mobile networks for the City of Guaranda, is the HLS, delivering a balance between the 3 points analyzed and the best performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) networking represents a core technology to meet the demanding bandwidth requirements of emerging connected vehicles. However, the feasibility of mmWave vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity has long been questioned. One major doubt lies in how the highly directional mmWave links can sustain under high mobility. In this paper, we present the first comprehensive reality check of mmWave V2X networks. We deploy an experimental testbed to mimic a typicalmmWave V2X scenario, and customize a COTS mmWave radio to enable microscopic investigation of the channel and the link. We further construct a high-fidelity 3D ray-tracer to reproduce the mmWave characteristics at scale. With this toolset, we study the mmWave V2X coverage, mobility and blockage, codebook/beam management, and spatial multiplexing. Our measurement debunks some common misperceptions of mmWave V2X networks. In particular, due to the constrained roadway network structures, we find the beam management can be handled easily by the often-denounced beam scanning schemes, as long as the codebook is properly designed. Blockage can be almost eliminated through proper basestation deployment and cooperation. Highly effective spatial multiplexing can be realized even without sophisticated MIMO radios. Our work points to possible ways to realize efficient and reliable mmWave networks under high mobility, while maintaining the simplicity of standard network protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things and Security (IoT) is now prevalent in every aspect of our lives. Moreover, the number of wireless electronic devices which can be controlled remotely has proliferated. However, a range of varied difficulties such as data transfer, energy supply, and security may occur in IoT devices; therefore, it is imperative that the most suitable connection type be chosen for the sake of the efficiency and security of the process. The choice of cryptological keys exerts direct influence on data security, instant data density, and the length of the encryption time, and excess processing power, on the other hand, shortens battery life. This study has been conducted in order to inspect the preferable cryptological keys, for wireless smart-devices equipped with latest technology, in terms of speed and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper provides a brief description of the wireless sensor network and the protocol to be used. Through this technology, benefits are obtained that provide the sensor networks together with greater freedom when placing the sensors in the vicinity of the target. In wireless sensor networks, routing is a critical and important aspect. The work focuses on the performance of the quality of services in the wireless sensor network (WSN) under the AODV routing protocol. This document tries to characterize the AODV protocol by performing simulations in the NS3 (Network Simulator Version 3) program. In the simulations of the AODV protocol, a set of metrics that can be used for comparisons in different scenarios are shown. The main objective of this document will be to offer a suitable simulation environment to determine the operation of the protocol to be used in wireless sensor networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent years a trend is formed to use the HTTPS protocol as the default protocol for accessing web pages and to be used by default by web applications. In order for this to be done, a valid certificate issued by authority body should be used. In the scope of the study in the spring of 2019 we examined the web sites of 20 banks licensed in Bulgaria, 24 banks licensed in Romania and 27 banks licensed in Serbia. The survey excludes the foreign bank branches, because we try to outline the "good practices" used by domestic administrators of banking websites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancement of the complexity digital design has inadvertently forces the pre-silicon verification to become an exceedingly important to find the bugs at infancy in an application of integrated chip design cycle. The complexity of the designs poses significance of the RTL validation to allow the bottleneck to be seen at the infancy in the design cycle and produces quality IC. As AMBA is one of the leading busing system used in high performance of SoC design that has been developed to become a family with different bus protocol such as ASB, APB, AHB, AXI and et al. Thus, this study shows the RTL validation platform of the fives digital IPs whose integrated together on the AMBA bus based on the APB and AHB protocol. The verification strategies of the module level is proposed in this paper and presents the strategies at the system level. Therefore, the result shows the percentage on the functionality of RTC covered by proposed techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic and industry research has argued for supporting WiFi time-of-flight measurements to improve WiFi localization. The IEEE 802.11-2016 now includes a Fine Time Measurement (FTM) protocol for WiFi ranging, and several WiFi chipsets offer hardware support albeit without fully functional open software. This paper introduces an open platform for experimenting with fine time measurements and a general, repeatable, and accurate measurement framework for evaluating time-based ranging systems. We analyze the key factors and parameters that affect the ranging performance and revisit standard error correction techniques for WiFi time-based ranging system. The results confirm that meter-level ranging accuracy is possible as promised, but the measurements also show that this can only be consistently achieved in low-multipath environments such as open outdoor spaces or with denser access point deployments to enable ranging at or above 80 MHz bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nuclear accident emergency disposal must be supported by an efficient, real-time modularization and standardization communication system. Based on the analysis of communication system for nuclear accident emergency disposal which included many functions such as the internal and external communication, multiply access supporting and command center. Some difficult problems of the communication system were discussed such as variety access device type, complex composition, high mobility, set up quickly, multiply business support, and so on. Taking full advantages of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a nuclear accident emergency communication system was build based on the IMS. It was studied and implemented that some key unit and module functions of communication system were included the system framework implementation, satellite access, short-wave access, load/vehicle-mounted communication units. The application tests showed that the system could provide effective communication support for the nuclear accident emergency disposal, which was of great practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet has gradually become a social infrastructure, the existing TCP/IP architecture faces many challenges. So future Internet architecture become hot research. This paper introduces two ways of idea about the future research of Internet structure system, probes into the future Internet architecture and the environment of cloud ecosystem. Finally, we focuses the related research, and discuss basic principles and problems of OpenStack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the face of big data, long connection and high synchronization, TCP/IP network communication will cause performance bottlenecks due to its blocking multi-threading service model. This paper presents a method of TCP/IP network communication protocol based on Node.js. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of Node.js architecture and asynchronous non-blocking I/O model, the principle of its efficiency is discussed, and then compare and analyze the network communication model of TCP/IP protocol to expound the reasons why TCP/IP protocol stack is widely used in network communication. Finally, according to the large data and high concurrency in the large-scale grape growing environment monitoring process, a TCP server design based on Node.js is completed. The results show that the example runs stably and efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing at a fast pace, with evolutions comprising a wide range of technologies and programming interfaces. More and more companies are entering in the IoT market, introducing new devices, use cases and solving common problems in novelty ways. This context of accelerated rhythm ends up creating a certain chaos when addressing IoT standardization. Meanwhile open IoT communities have been able to establish few standards that allow a more homogeneous ecosystem, interoperability between device networks is still a pertinent issue for IoT application developers. In our literature review, we observe the gap on addressing both extensibility and interoperability in the IoT landscape. IoT++ also explores extensibility by providing an agnostic IoT protocol model, so working with different communication models including synchronous and asynchronous semantics. The scientific contribution appears on not providing another IoT API, but maintaining the current ones, so allowing communication between different technologies effortlessly. We developed a prototype that comprised the HTTP, MQTT and CoAP technologies. The tests revealed a short IoT++ overhead on translating and forwarding messages between the aforesaid protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An Educational Game Authoring (EGA) tool is a software to assist teachers in the authoring of games. Game authoring can be approached from two different perspectives. The first, where the educator creates a game from scratch, and a second one, where specific game components of an existing game can be configured (edited) by the teacher, abstracting the technical aspects of game development for non-programmer users. Nevertheless, whatever the perspective, the authoring games in an easy way is still a challenge, and even more, there is a lack of works considering educational aspects like Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs), students' learning and playing styles, and learning mechanics. This work takes the second perspective and proposes an EGA platform that although embraces both the game and educational domains, puts the emphasis on the educational one. The platform provides educators with a mean for configuring educational games, and so adapt game's educational content to lessons pacing and students' learning needs. This platform is conceived generic enough to serve those educational games that are adapted to interact with it using a given protocol and communication language. In this paper, we present the architecture of the EGA platform, the communication protocol and the Authoring Description Language (ADL). We show the approach with an example of a maths game. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to a systematic approach to assess product accessibility and the adapted system of an experimental protocol originally designed to evaluate product's usability. The adapted protocol approach is focused on products and systems for visually impaired. The developed study with the proposed protocol investigates assistive technology adequacy to target users, regardless of their gender, age or previous experience in this technology usage. The tasks performed by 30 users community were categorized as activities of entertainment, learning and social inclusion. The data obtained from the experiment carried out with the protocol application enabled the test of a set of assumptions about the protocol usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]