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The article focuses on Lockheed Martin's contract to develop the Advanced Range Threat System Variant 3 (ARTS-V3) Variable Aperture Digital Radar (VADR) system for the U.S. Air Force, aimed at training aircrew to engage with advanced integrated air defense systems (IADS) by simulating long-range, high-power surface-to-air missile (SAM) radar threats. It highlights Lockheed Martin's role in enhancing aircrew training capabilities against modern threats.

The article focuses on the survey of radar warning receivers (RWRs) and radar electronic support measures (RESM) systems, used in airborne applications. Topics discussed include the use of RWRs in the European theater, during World War II, to the introduction of radars installed on British and German night fighters; the ability of the radars to guide surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) and air-to-air missiles (AAMs) by the mid-1950s; and the advent of digital receiver technology in RWRs.

The article presents information on the recent addition of products based on weather radar technology, to be used in the aviation industry. Aerospace company, Rockwell Collins and Honeywell Inc. have introduced some new ranges in this group. Rockwell Collins's WXR-2100 multi-scan radar for the Boeing 787 and Honeywell's RDR-4000 flying on the Airbus A380 are capable of tracking storms automatically.

Presents information about radars and sensors used in navigation. Details of configuration of radars and sensors; Types of aircraft on which radars and sensors are applicable.

The article focuses on naval electronic warfare, highlighting the emergence and the use of radar as a primary means for surveillance, targeting and weapon guidance in the maritime arena. Other topics being presented include the move of navies to develop methods and means by which to disrupt or deceive potentially hostile radio frequency (RF) sensors and the use of to as electronic-countermeasures (ECM) or electronic attack (EA).

The article focuses on radar technology and microwave equipment such as Exceed Microwave's WZ-Series bandpass filters, MiniRF's MRFX9703 transformer, and RLC Electronics' multiplexers.

The article focuses on the use of radar technology, which has evolved into a relatively simple solution which penetrates industrial and consumer market segments, in consumer electronics and industrial applications. Topics about the application of 4D sensing as well as the advancements in silicon and packaging technology are presented.

The article reports that as interest in ADS-B heats up around the world, aviation company Thales is upgrading its Eurocat system to handle this new type of surveillance in Australia nationwide, giving the French company a potential edge over competitors. ADS-B.0 is a surveillance system that broadcasts an aircraft's GPS-derived location to a receiver on the ground. A network of 28 ADS-B ground stations being installed by Thales in Australia will provide tracking capability in vast areas where there is currently no radar capability.

The article reports that F-15C fighter pilots of the 12th and 19th squadrons are flying the radar of the future. It uses sensor technology that is to be operational on the F/A-22 Raptor, F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, F-35 Joint Strike Fighter and upgraded F-15E Strike Eagle. The radar's performance numbers are classified, but the new Raytheon APG-63(V)2 radars, the first that are operational with active electronically scanned arrays, can see a small cruise missile or an airframe with stealth shaping at around 50 minutes, the distance at which the standard F-15C radar would see a manned-fighter target. The subscale, cruise missile-like targets that pilots practice against are 12-14 ft. long while an Su-27 is about 72 ft. long and a MiG-29, 57 ft.

The article offers information about the low-noise balun aids phased-array radars.

The article reports on the evolution of radar technology. It is said that radar systems are evolving into multiple-function platforms, along with active signal switching and smaller, more efficient antennas. Digital technology, modern data converters such as analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters have enhanced radar technology.

The article reports on the technology survey conducted by the journal that focuses on radar jammers, designated either as self-protection jammers or support jammers. A hostile radar system is prevented by a self-protection jammer from being able to track the host platform and launch a missile or aim a gun at it.

The article discusses the right way to conduct ultrasonic continuous level measurement. It notes that ultrasonic is one of five non-contacting level measurement technologies which include radar, nuclear, laser, and weight. It explains the "time of flight" principle that goes into the operation of ultrasonic level sensors and cites physical installation considerations such as compatibility of sensor housing material, and operating temperature range.

The article evaluates several products defense including the Giraffe 4A and 8A radars from Saab, and TPS-80 Ground/Air Task Oriented Radar from Northrop Grumman.

The article offers information on several radar systems including the radar backpack kit from Raytheon Co., the multifunction phased array radar (MPAR) from M/A-COM Technology Solutions Inc., and the virtual medical assistant from Sensiotec Inc.

The article presents the author views on the different approaches of the phase noise measurements. The author states that phase noise is a measure that shows the frequency stability of an electronic signal. the author further discusses the long-term frequency stability and short-term frequency stability, single-sideband (SSB) phase noise and phase-noise measurement techniques

The article evaluates several airborne radar jammers, including the ALQ-196 from BAE Systems, ELT/553 from Elettronica, and the ALQ-135M from Northrop Grumman.

The article reeports on the evolution of radio frequency (RF)/ microwave amplifiers in space-based applications for military electronic systems. It notes on the new trend for smaller and energy efficient devices such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN). It adds that the SiC and the GaN provide solution for high power levels at high frequencies in electronic warfare (EW), electronic countermeasures (ECM), and radar systems.

The article focuses on the development of a Class F amplifier with reduced conduction angle to maximize efficiency and meet needs at L-band frequencies from 1200 to 1400 megahertz (MHz). Four parallel and internally matched silicon-bipolar transistors in a common-base configuration are employed by the transistor. The Class F amplifier is biased in Class C mode in order to achieve the high output power levels required by pulsed radar systems.

The article discusses the developments of the microwave technology in Europe. It outlines the progress of satellite communications from the launch of Sputnik to the use of satellites for mobile broadcast, as well as the innovations of microwave radar. It states that satellite is an important element for telecommunications, commercial systems, navigation and Earth observation. Meanwhile, radar has been used for automotive applications and terrorism prevention. It denotes that microwave research is taking an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach enabling system capabilities to guide the selection of new technologies.

The article discusses the variety of short-frame and long-frame measurements that are available to cover modern chirp radar systems with bandwidths up to 20 gigahertz. It states that the primary measurements needed for a chirp is the linearity of the frequency change, and the measurements can include spectrum analysis, spurious signal detection, pulse timing, frequency and phase variations, chirp linearity, and digital modulation accuracy. Moreover, the selection of test equipment is driven by the extremes of the parameters of the signals that are being measured, and the test instruments are keeping up with the measurement needs of radar designers including specialty tests that are available for advanced chirp radar.

The article outlines the research and development activities in radar absorbing materials. It discusses the structure and working mechanism of traditional radar absorbing architectures such as the Salisbury screen and the adaptive radar absorber, the major breakthroughs including the successful fabrication of dynamically radar absorbing materials, and the applications of conducting polymers to radar absorbing materials and of conducting smart materials for microwave systems. It states that radar absorbing materials have attracted many researchers' attention, in fact, the simple single-layer Salisbury screen, adaptive radar absorbers and dynamically adaptive radar absorbing materials were developed and studied.

The article offers information on the significance and evolution of radio frequency (RF) and microwave systems in the U.S. These devices are vital and important to both the communication and radar industry. After World War II, the introduction of novel communication and sensing equipment continues for both military and civilian applications. Because of these inventions, the frequency spectrum up to 10 to 20 gigahertz (GHz) became increasingly crowded, thus limiting the introduction of new and advanced applications. Advantages of these system include increase scattering of waves as wavelength reaches the range of rain of dimensions, resulting in further attenuation.

The article discusses the measurement capabilities of the real-time spectrum analyzer (RTSA) in evaluating the performance of an advanced radar system. It states that key measurements include rise time, frequency error estimation and pulse-to-pulse phase measurements. It mentions that the comprehensive measurement capabilities and high accuracy of RTSAs has made them ideal test tools for the identifying modern pulsed radar signals.

The article reports on the survey done by the "Journal of Electronic Defense" on radar jammers sampling in its June 2008 issue. It explains that the function of radar jammers is to deny, disrupt and degrade the ability of radar systems to detect,track and engage aircraft. It presents information on stand-off hammers. Information on how the survey was conducted and survey forms that was sent to different radar jammer suppliers is presented.

Helicopters are in danger of suffering damage, collision or crashes when taking off and landing in brown-out/white-out conditions. This article provides an overview of how new developments in radar and laser technology and particularly sensor fusion can enhance the safety of helicopter missions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article revietvs the relative merits of silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) materials and describes how the attributes of each impact the operation of microwave transistors for the generation of high-RF output power, on the order of hundreds to thousands of watts, as necessary for radar systems. It is shotvn that the superior physical attributes of CaN lead to microwave transistors that are extremely well suited for high power applications. The superior properties of CaN combined with modern high-efficiency biasing techniques make CaN technology a prime candidate for use in transmitters for radar systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the functions of compact power solutions modules (PSMs). It stresses that these help to simplify the addition of high power amplifier stages to pulsed radio frequency (RF) radar systems at L-band and S-band frequencies. It is easy to use with input and output impedance mated to 50 omega, it has reduced system size and complexity and are needed for a given output-power level. The use of prematched and tested PSMs eliminate system production and tuning time.

This article describes a system that is capable of detecting dangerous objects carried under a person's clothing from a standoff position. The system is autonomous and automatically renders a decision regarding the outcome of a test for a particular person's results to an operator That decision, is reached on the basis of processing many parameters extracted from both the frequency and time domain responses of the radar return in an artificial neural net. This system has been extensively tested and been shown to be highly accurate. This work is sponsored by the MacAleese Companies dba Safe Zone Systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article introduces the solid-state microwave technologies and techniques employed in modern radar receiver protector designs. Receiver protection in modern radars is playing an increasingly vital role in order to meet the challenges of new interference threats and electromagnetic environments. Solid-state receiver protection (SSRP) has broadened in complexity and achieved greater operating power capability in recent years. The author presents the advantages and limitations of SSRP. He also discussed the ways on how to improve the performance of the active limiter.

The article discusses the benefits of fast-switching microwave synthesizers in radar simulators and electronic-warfare simulator systems. The author notes that these small synthesizers mimic complex, multiple-signal threat environments and allows manufacturer to achieve smaller footprints and portability while increasing accuracy. These compact synthesizers also render large racks of signal sources and huge power supplies obsolete.

Reports on the use of synthetic-aperture radars as a crucial component of the airborne intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance market, providing complementary capabilities to more traditional electro-optical systems in the U.S. Provision of crucial network node; Availability of unmanned aerial vehicles; Offer of limited opportunities to U.S. firms.

Deals with the changes done to automotive radar frequency immunity standards. Basic types of radar used in air-traffic control; Factors that aid the electromagnetic compatibility industry in achieving the test fields; Information on traveling wave tube amplifiers.

Highly dense supercomponents are the basic building blocks of every radar, EW or military communication systems. The demand for lower volume, lower weight and increased function has spurred developers to integrate more open-carrier devices within the same supercomponent. The carrier-to-carrier transition has a major effect on channel-to-channel isolation and performance. This article is a study of the effects of two major carrier-to-carrier transition types: microstrip and (grounded coplanar waveguide. Ground regime design rules are concluded from the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article opened with the statement that radar engineers, at the end of 1984, find their field in transition between the conventional designs of the post World War II era and the digital controlled, solid-state systems that will be in place for the year 2000. Airborne early warning (AEW) systems using arrays within rotating radomes have replaced the 1950's reflector systems.

This article focuses on the development of the wind-shear detection system developed by researchers at the Airborne Wind-Shear Detection and Avoidance Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The development began when alarm over commercial airline crashes related to wind shear moved the U.S. government into action. Researchers needed to develop a simulation model that gave pilots enough warning time before entering a microburst. In investigating the right sensor technology, the NASA team settled on X-band Doppler radar. INSET: THE WIND-SHEAR PHENOMENON.

Reprints the article "Got You Covered," by Michal Fiszer and Jerzy Gruszczynski, which appeared in the August 2002 issue of the "Journal of Electronic Defense." Evolution of the Air Force electronics in Russia; Functional advantage of Soviet radar sets; Examples of second-generation systems introduced into Soviet service.

This article describes an actively-controlled reflecting surface, capable of modulating the microwave energy incident upon it. the surface is a composite structure holding an array of conventional semiconductor diodes excited with a set of pulses in a binary format, so that the reflected microwave energy is modulated with the desired binary pattern. That is, the backscattered microwave radiation from the surface corresponds to a pulse-modulated (binary) RF waveform. Such an active surface is useful in designing targets to present deceptive radar cross sections (RCS), developing smart RFID cards and similar applications. Results on experimental studies performed on a prototype surface are presented and the viability of the proposed technique is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the importance of radar-based in-car systems designed to minimize car accidents. Problems related to automobile accidents in the United States; Programs launched by the U.S. and European Union authorities related to identify and apply driver-aid technologies; Classification of driver security systems; Role of radars to minimize automobile accidents; Several methods available for automotive azimuth-measurement applications.

This article reports that the British Defense Ministry will fly a near-production-standard active electronically scanned array radar on a Tornado GR4 strike aircraft in 2007. The Project Advanced Radar Targeting System is intended to explore the use of active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar in the air-to-surface role. Beyond offering a potential upgrade path for the GR4, and a useful research tool for AESA development, the program is one of a number of efforts within the European radar community to sustain a competency at least on a par with the U.S.

The article reports that the next-generation radar being developed for the E-10 surveillance aircraft is designed to detect small, even stealthy, objects--in particular, cruise missiles--at long distances and cue specially equipped F-15s and F/A-22s about where to find and attack them. That alone keeps much of the system's development under wraps. At the moment, program officials say they are only interested in the synthetic aperture radar mapping, ground moving target indicator and air moving target indicator modes, and that the project is currently under budget and ahead of schedule by 2-3%.

The article reports that the launch and orbital checkout of a $1-billion, 15-ton Lockheed Martin/National Reconnaissance Office Lacrosse/Onyx imaging radar spacecraft begin a transition of secret NRO operations toward new or highly upgraded satellites flown on a range of new launchers. During the next 12 months, NRO is to launch five additional secret payloads, all of them with upgraded systems or major design and launcher changes from past NRO flights. NRO mission surge will have a launcher and spacecraft value for next year alone of $3-5 billion spread across a diverse contractor base

The article informs that first deliveries are being made of a new, secrecy-shrouded radar that soon will be carried by U.S. Navy F/A-18E/F Super Hornets. Raytheon officials say they delivered the first low-rate initial production (LRIP) radar to Boeing a week ahead of schedule. They expect to build at least 415 of these radars for Boeing that will kick off a bifurcated program to equip new-production aircraft and to reequip in 2007-10 the 123 F/A-18E/Fs that are already flying with the Navy using less advanced radars. There are also at least two reference points to the radar's acuity, which appears from imagery to be in the 6-12-in.

This article focuses on benefits of weather radars in aeroplanes. The job of avoiding thunderstorms is getting easier in airline cockpits thanks to a new type of radar that automatically optimizes weather returns and then eliminates ground returns so that only convective cells ahead are displayed. The Rockwell Collins WXR-2100 is called a" multi-scan" radar because it transmits two different beams, slightly offset vertically, instead of the single beam usually used. The WXR-2100 is now certified on all Boeing aircraft in production and should be certified on Airbus transports sometime this year or early in 2005.

Small airports in mountainous terrain with no radar coverage may follow the lead of Innsbruck, Austria, which plans to use "multilateration" this fall to allow air traffic controllers to track aircraft in the vicinity of the airport. Multilateration is a technique employing ground-based sensors to triangulate aircraft position by comparing the time of arrival of pulses from the aircraft's transponder. In the U.S., it's also known as multistatic dependent surveillance. Pilots require special training before flying into Innsbruck because the approach uses an offset from the instrument landing system, which is not directly on the runway, according to Heinz Bartacek, director of air traffic management engineering at Austro Control, the Austrian air navigation service provider. .

The article evaluates the commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) test gear, a Software Defined Radar System (SDR).

The article offers information on commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) test gear in the radar target generator system can recreate the effects of signals being reflected and deflected by different objects. The generation of signals that represent targets or the reflection of signals from targets is required in exercising a radar system.

The article reports on the use of simulators for the design and development of many different electronic-defense systems. It is said that they are also used in electronic-warfare and radar systems. Mercury Systems Inc., a Big Data processing systems, software and services provider, has used several radar sensors with its Radar Environmental Simulator (RES) systems.

The article presents the first part of a series on electronic warfare decoys which focuses on radar decoys in terms of how they are deployed, how they obtain false targets in the radars they counter, and their operational missions. The three basic missions of radar decoys are saturation, seduction and detection. It compares passive and active radar decoys and notes that radar decoys must be deployed in a way that it is separated from the platforms they protect against radar controlled weapons.

The article offers information on an approach to revaluating radar and communications hardware. It is said that evaluation can be done under several signal scenarios that can help characterize system performance in the presence of multiple interference signals. Multiple signal generators can be involved in creating a multiple emitter environment consisting of radar signals and communications signals.