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A pattern reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna emitting at 3.1 GHz is presented in this study. The beam can be steered at 6 degrees, 8 degrees, 14 degrees, and 171 degrees. Three P-i-N diodes are employed in the slots of the ground plane to help steer the beam direction. By changing the state of the three diodes, five states can be obtained. The TE01δ mode is excited using a differential feed technique. Differential feed helps in increasing the gain and reducing the size of the structure. The return loss of each state is less than −25 dB. The gain of the first state is 7.65 dBi, the second and fifth state’s gain is 8.22 dBi, third and fourth state’s gain is 10.6 dBi. This Antenna is designed using Rogers RO4003C material which has low Electrical gravity, low voltage, and high oxidation resistance that makes it appropriate for RF applications. The properties required for RF microwave circuits, matching networks, and controlled impedance transmission lines are present in the RO4003C material. Annealed copper is used for designing the ground plane and feedline which provides excellent conductivity. The antenna is fabricated using the chemical etching process which employs a positive photoresist that gives a higher resolution accuracy for the designed antenna. This process of fabrication has another advantage of inculcating structures from simpler to complex.

The study was conducted to utilize functional attributes of Momordica charantia juice extract by mixing with papaya pulp for imparting yellow-orangecolour of its carotenoids and aonla juice with high Vitamin C to develop Momordica charantia blended functional nectar beverage without any preservative and synthetic food colorant. The ratio of 50 : 25 : 25 of bitter gourd juice extract, aonla juice and papaya pulp with best sensory scores on a nine-point hedonic scale was optimized for the processing of the blended beverage. Functional profile in terms of quality attributes such as reducing sugars (8.39%), DPPH activity (64.20%), total phenolics (41 mg/100 ml), carotenoids (0.58 mg/100 ml), and ascorbic acid (28.8 mg/100 ml) were recorded best in organic honey-based spiced blended nectar. However, charantin content (0.111 mg/100 ml) was found highest in plain bitter gourd beverage. Organoleptic scores and rich functional profile recorded during studies strongly indicated a positive perception of consumers and the need for commercialization. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(3): 445-453, 2022 (September)

INTRODUCTION: Malaria is the most important tropical disease accounts for mortality with estimates of over million deaths around the world making an impact to society. Malaria can lead to various organ system dysfunction and cause mortality and morbidity of the patient. Purpose of this study is to determine correlation between malaria severity assessment score and duration of hospital stay among the patients of malaria at tertiary care centre. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving patients diagnosed with malaria as per WHO guidelines across a study period of 18 months was conducted from 2019- 2021. organ dysfunction was taken into consideration and used for assessment of malaria severity score. RESULTS: Among 82 positive cases of malaria, various parameters were taken into consideration for the assessment of score. among them neurological and hepatic parameters are least significant and contributes for less than 1 percent of cases and also severity. Renal parameters contribute for about 50 percent of mild cases and 2 percent of moderate cases among both males and females. Respiratory parameters show 40 percent of mild cases and 1.2 percent of moderate cases.

Background:Dissociative disorder is a stress-related disorder usually present in adolescent and younger age group. It is also accompanied with significant impairment in activity of daily living and family relationship. Family environment plays important role in initiation and maintenance of symptoms and this put significant burden on family. To assess different types of clinical presentations, level of stress and role of family environment among dissociative disorder patients and check for association between sex distributions. Material and Method:This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on patients with primary diagnosis of dissociative disorder as per ICD-10 criteria coming to psychiatry outpatient department of Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Postgraduate Institute, Indore a premier tertiary care hospital situated at northern part of India, covering, and serving a large catchment area, during the period of 18 months. 80 patients were recruited for the purpose of study. The procedure and rationale for the study was explained to all subjects and informed written consent were taken in their local language. Patients were included after fulfilling inclusion criteria from both inpatients and outpatient department of psychiatry. Result:In our study, majority of the patients (48.75%) belonged to the age group 18-30 years. The prevalence rates decrease with age. 37.5% of the patients were between the age group 31-40 years and 13.75% were over the age of 40 years. In a study of 80 patients with dissociative (conversion) disorder, 77.5% were females and 22.5% were male. There was female predominance. Conclusion:Dissociative disorders are more common in females than males. It always occurs in the background of increased stressful life events and in the presence of significant psychosocial stressors. Future studies should be undertaken in a large sample with a prospective design to examine the impact of disease duration and other mediators, such as family type and coping style. &nbsp

In April 2020, the Civic Imagination Project at the University of Southern California, funded by the MacArthur Foundation, asked participants around the world to share some of their reflections on ...

BACKGROUND Ultrasonography (USG) of the diaphragm is a promising alternative to pulmonary function tests (PFT) for assessing respiratory function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND). METHODS We studied 33 patients fulfilling Awaji criteria (definite = 14; probable = 12; possible = 7) and 33 age and gender-matched controls. Diaphragm thickness was measured using USG at the end of expiration (DTex) and end of inspiration (DTin). The thickness ratio (TR) was calculated as DTin/DTex. The mean age at onset and duration were 49.73 ± 12.7 years and 13.57 ± 9.7 months, respectively. Men = 25 (75.8%); Limb onset ALS/MND = 24 patients (72.7%); bulbar onset = 9 (27.3%). RESULTS Compared to controls, ALS/MND patients had reduced mean DTex (2.22 ± 0.29 mm vs. 2.02 ± 0.32 mm, p = .012) and DTin (4.0 ± 0.71 mm vs. 3.41 ± 0.38 mm, p

Infodemic’ (an overabundance of information) that makes it tough for people to find responsible sources and reliable guidance when they need it. This generates a need to know whether the public are able to distinguish fake news from true ones and the information sources used. The study aims to determine the impact of infodemic on public perception of health during the COVID- 19 pandemic and to assess its impact on the psychological well-being of the public. An online web based cross sectional study was conducted among people who were aged above 15 years. The data was collected through online mode by providing google links to fill the validated questionnaire form through various social media platforms. The questionnaire consists of demographic details, knowledge and practice related questions. The data was analyzed using Chi-square test. A total of 715 responses were considered for analysis in which the majority of the age group belongs to 18- 24 years and mostly living in urban (44%) and rural (41%). Information Sources mostly used include Internet (630), Mobile phone usage (630), and TV (530). Standard (or) Trusted sources according to people were Government websites (407). It was observed that most people have good knowledge about COVID-19 prevention and were practicing the safety measures. The study concludes that availability of abundance of information sources and lack of awareness on how to crosscheck made people to follow some activities in the view of protection without knowing the truth. This impact of infodemic can be controlled by health care professionals including pharmacists by giving updated and evidence-based scientific advice on reliable COVID- 19 information to their communities via flyers and multimedia.

In the era of big data, materials science workflows need to handle large-scale data distribution, storage, and computation. Any thereof can become a performance bottleneck.To mitigate these bottlenecks, we present a software framework for complex analyses of internal material structures (e.g., cracks). We study the benefits of our framework for a workflow performing synchrotron X-ray computed tomography reconstruction and segmentation of Silica. This workflow comprises five stages: downloading images from X-ray tomography scans (6.0 GB per image); performing image segmentation to remove noises; performing image reconstruction to obtain a clear vision of the material structure; converting the data into OpenVisus formats; and using the OpenVisus streaming services for user analysis. During the first deployment of our framework, we learned that intermediary and outcome data can be at least 30 times larger than the inputs; and the computation during images' reconstruction and segmentation can be heavily resource-demanding. We also observed a set of challenges when dealing with data storage and management as well as scaling up computation resources. Our framework aims to offer an out-of-box solution to the aforementioned challenges through a multi-layer software structure comprising three layers. A low layer provides resource management and job scheduling on heterogeneous nodes (i.e., GPU and CPU nodes). At the core of this layer, Kubernetes provides resource management and Dask enables large-scale job scheduling for heterogeneous resources. A middle layer uses Ansible to manage the execution environment. A higher layer serves as the Jupyter interface. The contributions of our work are four-fold: through our framework, we hide the complexity of the software stack to the user who otherwise is required to have expertise in HPC/cloud; we manage job scheduling efficiently; we enable resource elasticity and workflow orchestration at a large scale; and we enable moving HPC applications to Cloud. Preliminary results show that reconstruction running on 4 GPU nodes exhibit improved performance by 72%. &nbsp

Background Reaching hard to reach populations is key to reduce health inequities. Despite targeted interventions, status of crucial public health indicators like neonatal and maternal mortality is still far from optimal. Complex interplay of social determinants can influence both communities and health care workers to effectively access each other. We argue that culturally sensitive and contextually relevant healthcare provision has potential to increase health care utilization by the vulnerable communities living in remote areas. Methods The study is an exploratory case study using rapid ethnographic techniques to understand the interplay of social determinants in hard to reach areas of Odisha state, India. We used in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, participatory action research and key informant interviews as tools for data collection. The analysis of data has been guided by thematic analysis approach. Results We found that there are further layers within the designated hard to reach areas and those can be designated as-i) extremely remote ii) remote and iii) reachable areas. Degree of geographic difficulties and cultural dynamics are deciding the ‘perceived’ isolation and interaction with health care providers in hard to reach areas. This ultimately leads to impacting the utilization of the facilities. At extremely remote areas, felt health needs are mainly fulfilled by traditional healers and ethno-medical practices. In reachable areas, people are more prone to seek care from the public health facilities because of easy accessibility and outreach. Being in middle people in remote areas, diversify health care seeking depending upon social (e.g. patient’s gender) economic (e.g. avoid catastrophic expenditure) and health system (timely availability of health human resources, language barriers) factors. Conclusion Our research highlights the need to value and appreciate different worldviews, beliefs and practices, and their understanding of and engagement with the pluralistic health care system around them. Other than pursuing the ‘mainstreaming’ of a standardized health system model across hard to reach areas, strategies need to be adaptive as per local factors. To handle that existing policies need revision with a focus on culturally sensitive and contextual care provision.

Increasing demand, limited supply, and the impact on the environment raise significant concerns about the consumption of fossil fuels. Because of this, global economies are facing two significant energy challenges: i) securing the supply of reliable and affordable energy and ii) achieving the transformation to a low-carbon, high-efficiency, and sustainable energy system. Recently, there has been growing interest in developing portable transportation fuels from biomass in order to reduce the petroleum consumption in the transportation sector - a major contributor to greenhouse gas emission. A cost-effective conversion process to produce biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass material relies not just on the material quality, but also on the biorefinery’s ability to measure the quality of the source biomass. The quality of the feedstock is crucial for a commercially viable conversion platform. This research mainly focuses on developing sensing techniques using 3D X-ray imaging to study quality factors like material composition, ash content and moisture content which affect the conversion efficiency, equipment wear, and product yield in the bioethanol production in a real-time or near real-time basis.

In the last few decades, injuries to the knee joint are common because of knee pivoting sports. The mechanism of injury to the PLC is due to direct varus stress, hyperextension, or twisting of the knee. These injuries are commonly associated with cruciate ligament tears, but PLC injury are usually overlooked or misdiagnosed. If Left untreated, it can cause chronic pain and residual instability. PLC reconstruction is normally advocated for grade 2 or 3 lesions, as it is superior to conservative treatment. This study is to compare larson’s and laparde techinque. In Larson’s technique there is reconstruction of the fibular collateral ligament and popliteo fibular ligament. In LaPrade technique popliteus graft is reinforced to the PLC. This is a prospective study conducted in 40 patients between April 2016 to January 2018 in Deccan Medical College and Hospitals, to compare the clinical outcome of Laprade and Larson’s techniques in terms of best post-operative stability and function of an isolated PLC injury. Inclusion criteria:age ranging from 18 to 40 years, Posterio lateral corner injury, No previous surgery or damage in the affected knee or the contralateral knee. Exclusion criteria: Patients with medial collateral ligament injury, cruciate ligament injury, generalized ligamentous laxity and arthritis knee. Methods and analysis of results: it is randomized study between Larson’s technique and Laprade’s technique. Postoperative evaluation: is by Lysholm score, IKDC scores and Postoperative complications. In conclusion it revealed that both methods are significant, and equally good at postoperative outcomes.

Embedded applications software code is increasingly growing in size. Whereas the entire code of all control panels in a car provided for roughly a few 100 K code lines a decade ago, a single control panel such as the engine control can now have up to 1million code lines. With these help of good approach, common scenarios are developed for other, even for mobiles, embedded systems like PDA’s, cell phones etc. However, increasing software size requires greater memory and can therefore raise the cost of an embedded system considerably. The starting of this pattern was already established in the early 1990 s. The compressed code is created by compressing the binary numbers using a code compression tool (at the time of design) is stored in the instruction memory of the embedded devices. The compressed instructions are decompressed and implemented by the processor at the time of startup. One of the serious challenges is that the tables will become wide in size and therefore decrease the benefits of compressing the code that could be accessed. Although the whole research in this area has mostly concentrated on improving greater code compression without specifically targeting the issue of wide look-up table sizes.

3D Integration technology is probably the best methodologies among others which suits CMOS applications with in various layers of devices are stacked with high thickness interconnects between the layers. In 3D IC structure electrical and thermal models are introduced for the interface between Through-Silicon-Via’s (TSV’s). TSV’s can be used to enable the 3-D platform; however this TSV’s will represent additional concerns. TSV-to-substrate and TSV-to-TSV noise coupling is assessed inside the 3-D IC’s. A vertical TSV’s design is proposed to reduce the area per TSV, capacitive coupling and effective inductance as compared with the other classical design patterns. TSV’s and substrate noise coupling is one of the major drawbacks in 3D IC. Some of the researchers have tried to overcome the problems in TSV based 3D IC due to noise coupling using different models, materials and different circuit techniques. This paper shows the complete road map for the noise coupling reduction in future IC integration.

IoT provided a unified operating picture across a wide range of modern-day applications. The operating image is accomplished thanks to improvements in wireless sensor network devices that can interact over a network, exchanging data and executing various analyses. The only way to share information and authenticate data in the internet of things is through a central server, which raises security and privacy problems. Device spoofing, incorrect authentication, and a lack of data exchange dependability are all possibilities. A central server idea is abolished, and blockchain technology is used as part of IoT to solve such security and privacy problems. This chapter examines the potential security and privacy concerns associated with component interaction in the internet of things, as well as how the distributed ledger-based blockchain technology might help. Here, in this chapter, the authors discuss the application of BC to certain areas and categories. Various IoT and IoT with BC problems were also highlighted in order to better comprehend blockchain technology's role.

In the present work, the mechanical and the tribological properties of eggshell nanoparticulate epoxy biocomposite were studied. The nanoparticles of eggshell were synthesized by planetary ball milling technique. Synthesized eggshell nanoparticulate were characterized with the aid of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Fabrication of eggshell nanoparticulate epoxy biocomposite was done by hand lay-up technique with different weight percentages (1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%) of eggshell nanoparticles. To examine the solid particle erosion behavior of eggshell nanoparticulate epoxy biocomposite, four different impact angles (30°, 45°, 60°, 90°) and three different velocities (101 m s−1, 119 m s−1, 148 m s−1) were chosen. The effect of eggshell nanoparticles incorporation on the tensile properties, hardness, and the flexural properties was also investigated. The fractured surfaces of the tensile test, flexural test, and erosion test samples were examined with a SEM for morphological analysis. It was found that the eggshell nanoparticulate addition has a fruitful effect on tensile and flexural strength. The maximum tensile strength was found for 2 wt% nanoparticles addition, while the maximum flexural strength was found for 3 wt% of nanoparticles addition. The sand erosion study established a maximum wear rate at 60° of impact angle. The maximum erosion resistance was found in 2 wt% of eggshell nanoparticulate concentration.

The present study focuses on the critical areas of a typical Information Technology in the Private Sector within the USA that has narrowed down economic and national security assurance within the USA. The process of risk management in the IT Sector within the USA in regards to the structuring and management of risk associated with its strategic planning. Thus the article insights on the role of risk management to meet the success rate. The risk environment of the Private Sector's IT in the USA is inherently dynamic and complex. Hence articles highlight each component of risk management and its role to overcome the associated risk.

Poliomyelitis is a rare disease at present, but presentation with its sequalae is not uncommon. In this study we are presenting 5 different cases with 5 different deformities in lower limb, who were managed with arthrodesis, tendon transfer, and osteotomies in combination. All the 5 patients were satisfied with their gait and pain relief after surgery compared with pre-operative status. All patients were followed for period of 2 years post operatively, no major complications were encountered. In conclusion, because of gross muscle power compromise replacement surgeries will not give good results in post residual paralysis patients, so salvage procedures definitely improve the performances of patients with painful unstable joints.

Emerging developments in embedded computer systems and applications demand low energy consumption and high performance. Owing to increased demand for low-voltage computing and lowered technology returns, academia and industry are interested primarily in energy-efficient accelerators. Hardware accelerators have the greatest disadvantage that they are not programmable. It can also be misused for a particular task. The number of accelerators in a device can cause scalability problems. Flexibility and scalability issues are present in programmable accelerators. Coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture (CGRA) design, implementation, computer systems integration and compilation for CGRA are the key contributions in this proposed design. First of all in parallel ultra-low-power processing system (PULP), the CGRA-based integrated programmable array (IPA) is implemented. Second, PULP-NN is a coding library that has been developed for the RISC-V cluster with parallel, high–low storage. The key development in PULP-NN is that the latest move towards aggressive quantization of deep neural network inferences which is a collection of kernels which use bytes and sub-byte information types up to INT-1. The library in the proposed procedure utilizes advanced sign handling expansions in the RISC-V PULP processors and in bunch matches, to accomplish ideal energy effectiveness of estimation execution.

The transformer is considered as vital electrical equipment. Supervising the transformers health had become a difficult task since in case of any damage in the internal properties of the transformer will result in huge drawback. So it is mandatory to regularly keep an eye on the transformer. The main intent of this proposal is to procure live data related transformer health from distinct place by using internet services available through IOT technology. The transformer parameter values such as temperature, current, and oil level are collected. These data will be sent over the internet by using TCP / IP protocol. The user will be notified with an alert message in case of any power failure, and these parameters will be displayed in an android application. By this process, the health of the transformer can be monitored regularly and the necessary steps can be taken to maintain it properly.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Muscle ultrasound (MUS) is an emerging noninvasive tool to identify fasciculations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We assessed the utility of MUS in detecting fasciculations in suspected ALS patients. METHODS Thirty-three patients (25 men) with possible (n = 7), probable (n = 12), or definite ALS according to Awaji criteria were studied. Electromyography was done in biceps brachii, quadriceps, and thoracic paraspinal muscles and MUS in biceps, triceps, deltoid, abductor-digiti-minimi, quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, thoracic paraspinal, and tongue muscles. RESULTS The age at onset and illness duration was 49.73 ± 12.7 years and 13.57 ± 9.7 months, respectively. Limb-onset = 24 patients (72.7%) and bulbar-onset = 9 (27.3%). Totally 561 muscles were examined by MUS. Fasciculations were detected in 84.3% of muscles, 98.4% with and 73% without clinical fasciculations (p

In India, energy meters are electro-mechanical and postpaid. The main drawback of this approach is that a person must walk from street to street, reading each house's energy meter and giving out the charges. According to that reading, the bill was paid. Even when bills are paid on time, issues like an over-billing amount or a provider warning are common. To overcome this problem, we proposed an IoT-based prepaid power recharge unit that will integrate with ordinary household energy meters and be capable of counting down energy use and switching off the main supply once the energy usage countdown hits zero, and a data collecting system using IoT. The recharge info and energy usage from the recharge station are saved in a Data Acquisition server connected to the energy meters to control the main power supply and monitor power consumption in real-time.