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The Multi-Swarm approach allows the use of multiple configurations between two or more populations of particles, where each one can present different approaches (e.g. lbest, gbest, Unified, Guaranteed-Convergence) directed towards improving the optimization process. This article presents a proposal for local/global stochastic interconnection applied to the context of the Multi-Swarm algorithm, as well as for incrementing a local search method for refining previously obtained solutions. Two proposals are introduced for this new Multi-Swarm PSO (MSO). The first one is the inclusion of "counterpart particles", which establishes a sub-topology between inter-swarm particles, accessed by migration and evaluability rules. The other involves using customized crossover operators and is based on the BLX scheme (Blend Crossover) with direction information used as a reference for establish a subspace search around the particles. Performance and robustness of the new approaches were assessed by ten constrained engineering design optimization problems (COPs), as is compared to other solutions already published in the scientific literature. Results indicate significant performance improvements for all 10 COPs when compared to concurrent-based MSOs. By making available new references from other swarms, the counterpart particles approach tends to improve the optimization process in the search space, while an intermediate layer of local search based on a modified directed BLX crossover should provide an extra search around the particle, and thus, refining previously obtained solutions.

Os jogos sérios demonstram ser uma alternativa interessante para treinar habilidades imprescindíveis que são utilizadas nos protocolos do Suporte Básico de Vida. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma proposta desta união entre jogos sérios com a educação na área da saúde, ao detalhar etapas da construção de um jogo digital do tipo novela visual, utilizando a metodologia MAVOC mesclada com o framework MDA para elaboração do documento de Game Design, responsável por nortear as 3 etapas da criação deste software. Além deste detalhamento, este artigo apresenta trabalhos correlatos, pontuando suas diferenças com este projeto, sendo a principal, a preocupação em adequar o protótipo para a realidade brasileira.

Introdução: A parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) tornou-se um grande problema de saúde pública e uma das principais causas de morte no mundo. É uma das principais causas de morte na Europa, afetando cerca de 350.000 a 700.000 indivíduos por ano. Objetivos: identificar, avaliar e sintetizar as evidências científicas sobre os métodos de ensino de Suporte Básico de Vida na formação de profissionais, alunos do ensino superior em saúde, técnicos em saúde e população em geral. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura. Resultados: Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados de 2015 a 2020. Após a análise verificou-se uma grande heterogeneidade nos métodos de treinamento e baixa convergência no que diz respeito às intervenções. Os resultados mostraram os seguintes recursos de treinamento com capacidade de contribuir para melhorar o aprendizado teórico e prático da RCP/SBV, a saber: a apresentação de um breve vídeo de treinamento, uso de manequim de baixo custo, uso de metrônomo para melhorar a taxa de compressão torácica externa, o treinamento com música popular usado como um dispositivo de feedback sonoro, uso de lanterna como mecanismos de feedback visual, estratégias de ensino que envolveram PBL e E-learning, o uso de “auto-interrogatório” e o uso de “Teste mais Reflexão mais Prática”, aplicação de Customer Relationship Management - CRM baseado em computador, “Kit de Instruções + Vídeo + Manequim”. Além de acelerômetro, uso do smartphone, Aprendizado Invertido (Flipped Learning), dispositivo “TrueCPR” e simulação realística em sala de aula/ Classroom. Conclusão: Os dados existentes sobre os métodos de treinamento ideais para SBV ainda são insuficientes. Aumentar o acesso a diferentes modalidades de treinamento oferecem meios alternativos de ensino. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão sistemática são caracterizados por uma heterogeneidade em termos de suas intervenções e avaliações. Ademais consideramos que os estudos analisados sejam de baixa qualidade metodológica. Desta forma recomendamos a partir destes achados que os estudos futuros sejam desenvolvidos de forma a apresentar maior rigor nos seus delineamentos metodológicos, com vista a melhores desfechos.

O presente trabalho compara a aplicação de agentes inteligentes aplicados ao mundo do Wumpus. Os agentes estudados são baseados em regras e algoritmos genéticos (AG). Os experimentos mostram a possibilidade de utilização de ambas técnicas para problemas de busca, bem como um melhor resultado para aquele agente baseado em AG. Além disso, compara variações dos AGs, investigando a utilização de elitismo no processo de seleção da próxima geração.

A partir da experiência do uso da tecnologia disruptiva do blockchain como forma de identificação de refugiados sírios na Jordânia pela ONU a partir de 2017, como parte de um projeto piloto do Programa Mundial de Alimentos - PMA, o presente artigo objetiva demonstrar a necessidade da disciplina desta tecnologia pelo direito, essencialmente o direito internacional, apresentando-se as vantagens e desvantagens práticas de seu uso, as quais terão de enfrentar análises das implicações éticas e jurídicas, essencialmente para a garantia da dignidade da pessoa do refugiado sobre seus direitos de personalidade. O predomínio da metodologia de caráter empírico justifica-se pela possibilidade de expansão do uso dessa tecnologia para efeitos de registros para refugiados em todo o mundo a partir dessa experiência. Assim, faz-se necessária uma abordagem dialético-indutiva de caráter qualitativo. Considera-se, ao fim, a necessidade do direito internacional disciplinar o uso de tal tecnologia, de modo a regulamentá-la, de modo a respeitar e proteger integralmente a pessoa do refugiado que a utilize, fazendo com que essa tecnologia seja utilizada pela ONU como um plus, uma forma de proteção ampliada, sem abertura para lesões de direitos, considerando-se essencialmente o alto grau de vulnerabilidade em que se encontra o refugiado.

Objective: To report the experience of using realistic simulation as a teaching strategy for Basic Life Support for high school students. Method: I report the experience of extension activities, linked to the extension project “Realistic Simulation in Urgency and Emergency” of Universidade da Amazonia (UNAMA), held from April 5 to June 29, 2019, with middle school students from public and private schools in the metropolitan region of Belem, State of Para, Brazil. Results: In total, ten educational interventions were carried out, using as a teaching strategy, the realistic simulation of the Basic Life Support maneuvers. 600 students from the 1st to the 3rd year of high school participated in the educational activities. These were taught to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers, with an emphasis on Basic Life Support for lay people according to the assumptions of resuscitation science proposed by the American Heart Association 2015. It was found that the participants expressed satisfaction and interest in the proposed and applied activity and methodology. Conclusion: It is concluded that there was significant interest on the part of the students, and the proposed and applied active methodology is attributed such interest. In view of the results of this experience, it is recommended that activities of this nature should be encouraged more vigorously in the various contexts of society, as it is believed that it is an educational action with significant potential to make individuals capable of providing care at the first level response to Cardiopulmonary Arrest, reduce mortality and preventable sequelae.

Objective: to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the Basic Life Support training methods in nursing education. Method: it is an integrative literature review. The search was carried out in the PUBMED, LILACS and BDENF databases. 69 articles were initially selected for full reading from the inclusion criteria, considering the time frame from 2010 to 2016, of which nine full texts were listed for in-depth reading and synthesis. Results: there were few publications on the topic as well as a multiplicity and heterogeneity of methods and strategies for the training of Basic Life Support in the training of nurses. Large gaps in knowledge were observed, making it necessary to develop research in this field, especially studies that focus on practical theoretical teaching strategies with the use of simulation in view that these are capable of bringing real impacts on the knowledge and skills of professionals. Conclusion: teaching aimed at the individuality and reality of the target audience, taking into account the epidemiological reality and characteristics of the students is fundamental in this process. Despite the variety of information resulting from the studies, multiplicity and heterogeneity in the approaches and forms of evaluation, we conclude that practical theoretical teaching strategies with the use of simulation, use of dummies and feedback emerge as more effective strategies, capable of promoting learning more effectively other available resources.

Objective: Evaluate the perception of nursing students from a public university regarding the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) on the topic of tuberculosis diagnosis. Method: Quanti-qualitative research, carried out in the Nursing Undergraduate Course of a public university, in june 2019, with the participation of 30 nursing students, who answered a self-administered questionnaire. It was used percentage and Pearson's Chi-square for statistical analysis. For the analysis of qualitative data, the free word evocation technique was used. Results: The study shows that 73.3% of academics reported that the scenario developed in the OSCE exam contributed to the exercise of nursing in the face of tuberculosis diagnosis, 76.7% considered it necessary that Nursing Courses should modify the preparation of academics in relation to tuberculosis and 76.7% recommend developing greater skill for nursing consultations and home visits to patients. Conclusion: It is concluded that the exam's potentialities were highlighted, discussing its benefits in relation to learning needs.

SummaryThis paper presents a modified genetic algorithm (GA) using a new crossover operator (ADX) and a novel statistic correlation mutation algorithm (CAM). Both ADX and CAM work with population information to improve existing individuals of the GA and increase the exploration potential via the correlation mutation. Solution-based methods offer better local improvement of already known solutions while lacking at exploring the whole search space; in contrast, evolutionary algorithms provide better global search in exchange of exploitation power. Hybrid methods are widely used for constrained optimization problems due to increased global and local search capabilities. The modified GA improves results of constrained problems by balancing the exploitation and exploration potential of the algorithm. The conducted tests present average performance for various CEC’2015 benchmark problems, while offering better reliability and superior results on path planning problem for redundant manipulator and most of the constrained engineering design problems tested compared with current works in the literature and classic optimization algorithms.

The evolutionary process of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) depends on several factors, the initialization parameters are some of them [4]. One way to inspect the evolutionary process of a GA is to analyze the maximum, average, and minimum fitness of each generation. This article focused on the use of a machine learning model to predict the maximum, average, and minimum fitness values during the evolutionary process of a GA, and this, only with the knowledge of its initialization parameters. In order to accomplish this goal, a Random Forest model was trained with data from different GA executions for a given problem. The prediction process was performed with a very promising performance, where the challenge of predicting the evolutionary process of a GA was fulfilled with low error rates. This approach opens up several opportunities for advances in the segment, and in a way, contributes to the investigation and improvement of GAs, as well as demonstrating the importance of monitoring and storing the information generated during their evolutionary process.

In this work we investigate the use of a Gaussian membership function as a technique to improve the steps of feature extraction and classification in brain-computer interface (BCI) systems based on motor imagery (IM). The main idea of this approach is to filter the spectral information of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal via parameterized covariance matrices to highlight features that contribute to signal classification through a classifier based on Riemann’s distance. The results, in relation to the accuracy performance, acquired in this work arevalidated from dataset 2a of the IV International ICM Competition. The results obtained suggest that the spectral filtering performed using the Riemann Geometry approach can positively affect the performance of the ICM system, increasing its flexibility.

Ransomware é um malware que afeta a segurança de dados de sistemas ou dispositivos. Ele bloqueia os arquivos de usuários criptografandoos e exige um resgate em troca da chave de descriptografia. Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma solução que visa detectar essa ameaça, em sistemas Linux, por meio de agentes estáticos. São utilizados algoritmos feitos em Python, auxiliados por três programas: inotify, file e strace. Foram realizados testes de validação, na perspectiva de apresentar a eficiência desses agentes.

This article presents a parameter study on the applied game theory in Genetic Algorithm (GA), performing an analysis of the game Prisoner's Dilemma applied in the solution of four constrained Engineering problems. Simulations were applied in four different variations of the game, in order to find the best configuration for the analyzed problems. Then, after obtaining the best configuration of the game, we performed an analysis of the incidence of Alpha and Beta weights, present in GA fitness with Social Interaction, using the game that best suited each problem, employing sixteen different weight configurations. At end, the results obtained authenticated the influence of the Social Interaction process in the essence of GA.

The following paper presents a hybrid Swarm Intelligence algorithm, named Competitive Evolutionary Multi-Colony Optimization (CEMCO). CEMCO is based on the well-known bee inspired algorithm Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), introducing Evolutionary Strategies (ES)under a parallel master-slave architecture utilizing the General Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU)paradigm. The goal of this approach is to enhance the overall performance of the master algorithm, producing high quality solutions, and significant solutions under a reduced processing time. Performance evaluation of CEMCO is performed by two large scale constrained optimization problems: Design of Pressure Vessel (DPV)and Welded Beam Design (WBD). Results obtained are compared against prominent techniques found in the literature.

The following paper demonstrates the possibilities of adapting the Ant Colony Algorithm with Social Interaction coming from Game Theory. This novel algorithm, named Social Interaction Ant Colony Optimization (SIACO), were based on the Ant System Algorithm developed by Dorigo and Social Interaction created by Otavio Teixeira in Genetic Algorithm. A new phase was inserted in the Ant System and the game is performed by two ants inside the colony. Four instances of Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) were used to validate the approach and its results shows that the proposed can be a rival of other algorithms when applied to this class of problems.

The Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is a well-known simple and efficient bee inspired metaheuristic that has been showed to achieve good performance on real valued optimization problems. Inspired by such, a Quick Artificial Bee Colony (QABC) was proposed by Karaboga to enhance the global search and bring better analogy to the dynamic of bees. To improve its local search capabilities, a modified version of it, called Evolutionary Quick Artificial Bee Colony (EQABC), is proposed. The novel algorithm employs the mutation operators found in Evolutionary Strategies (ES) that was applied in ABC from Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO). In order to test the performance of the new algorithm, it was applied in four large-scale constrained optimization structural engineering problems. The results obtained by EQABC are compared to original ABC, QABC, and ABC + ES, one of the algorithms inspired for the development of EQABC.

This paper describes the development of a new hybrid meta-heuristic of optimization based on a viral lifecycle, specifically the retroviruses (the nature's swiftest evolvers'), called Retroviral Iterative Genetic Algorithm (RIGA). This algorithm uses Genetics Algorithms (GA) structures with features of retroviral replication, providing a great genetic diversity, confirmed by better results achieved by RIGA comparing with GA applied to some Real-Valued Benchmarking Functions.

This paper has the purpose to show game theory (GT) applied to genetic algorithms (GA) as a new type of interaction between individuals of GA. The game theory increases the exploration potential of the genetic algorithm by changing the fitness with social interaction between individuals, avoiding the algorithm to fall in a local optimum. To increase the exploitation potential of this approach, this work will present the adjusted crossover operator and compare results to other crossover methods.

The following paper introduces a hybrid algorithm that combines Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC) and a model of Evolution Strategies (ES) found in the Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO), another hybrid metaheuristic. The goal of this approach is to incorporate the effectiveness and simplicity of the ABC with the thorough local search mechanism of the Evolution Strategies in order to devise an algorithm that is able to achieve better optimality in less time than the original ABC applied to function optimization problems. With the intention of assessing this novel algorithm performance and reliability, several unconstrained benchmark functions as well as four large-scale constrained optimization-engineering problems (WBD, DPV, SRD-11 and MWTCS) act as an evaluation environment. The results obtained by the ABC+ES are compared to original ABC and several other optimization techniques.

The following paper introduces a parallel approach to a social variant of the Genetic Algorithm, called Parallel Genetic Algorithm with Social Interaction (PSIGA). The algorithm is based on social games involving game theory, and it is implemented using the OpenMP API, which is based on the shared memory programming model for multiple processor architectures. The main contribution of this approach is the parallelization using the Shared Memory of the Social Interaction Genetic Algorithm (SIGA) in order to achieve faster and better optimality than its nonparallel counterpart for global optimization problems with restrictions. For means of performance assessment, the algorithm is tested on four instances of engineering design problems and the obtained results compared with the Genetic Algorithm with Social Interaction (SIGA) implemented in sequential programming model.

This paper has the purpose of presenting a new hybridization of the Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC) based on the evolutionary strategies (ES) found on the Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO). The main motivation of this approach is to augment the original ABC in a way that combines the effectiveness and simplicity of the ABC with the robustness and increased exploitation of the Evolution Strategies. The algorithm is intended to be tested on two large-scale engineering design problem and its results compared to other optimization techniques.

This paper presents a new bio-inspired algorithm named Competitive Quantum-Behaviour Evolutionary Multi-Swarm Optimization (CQEMSO) based on CUDA parallel architecture applied to solve engineering problems, using the concept of master/slave swarm working under a competitive scheme and being executed over the paradigm of General Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU). The efforts on implementing the CQEMSO algorithm are focused at generating a solution which includes greater quality of search and higher speed of convergence by using mechanisms of evolutionary strategies with the procedures of search and optimization found in the classic QPSO. For performance analysis, the proposed solution was submitted to some well-known engineering problems (WBD, DPV) and its results compared to other solutions found on scientific literature.

In this paper, in order to prove the effectiveness of the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm — a socio-political inspired algorithm-on finding the optimal solution for different kinds of minimization functions as well as different kinds of landscapes. The reliability and quality of solutions for mathematical minimization functions of the ICA is evaluated by seven distinct benchmark functions where each one displays different behaviors, and then the results of each test is compared with two other optimization techniques, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the Differential Evolution (DE).

This paper presents a new Cooperative Evolutionary Multi-Swarm Optimization Algorithm (CEMSO-GPU) based on CUDA parallel architecture applied to solve engineering problems. The focus of this approach is: the use of the concept of master/slave swarm with a mechanism of data sharing; and, the parallelism method based on the paradigm of General Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) with CUDA architecture, brought by NVIDIA corporation. All these improvements were made aiming to produce better solutions in fewer iterations of the algorithm and to improve the search for best results. The algorithm was tested for some well-known engineering problems (WBD, ATD, MWTCS, SRD-11) and the results compared to other approaches.

Evolutionary Computation (EC) is inspired from by evolution that explores the solution space by gene inheritance, mutation, and selection of the fittest candidate solutions. Since their inception in the 1960s, Evolutionary Computation has been used in various hard and complex optimization problems in search and optimization such as: combinatorial optimization, functions optimization with and without constraints, engineering problems and others (Adeyemo, 2011). This success is in part due to the unbiased nature of their operations, which can still perform well in situations with little or no domain knowledge (Reynolds, 1999). The basic EC framework consists of fairly simple steps like definition of encoding scheme, population generation method, objective function, selection strategy, crossover and mutation (Ahmed & Younas, 2011). In addition, the same procedures utilized by EC can be applied to diverse problems with relatively little reprogramming.

This work presents a PSO implemention in CUDA architecture, aiming to speed up the algorithm on problems which has large amounts of data. PSO-GPU algorithm was designed to customization, in order to adapt for any problem that can be solved by a PSO algorithm. By implementing PSO using CUDA architecture, each processing core of the GPU will be responsible for a portion of the overall processing operation, where each one of these pieces are handled and executed in a massive parallel enviroment, opening the possibility for solving problems that require a large processing load in considerably less time. In order to evaluate the performance of PSO-GPU algorithm two functions were used, both global optimization problems, where without constraints (Griewank function) and other considering constraints, the Welded Beam Design (WBD).

This paper has the purpose to present a new hybrid nature inspired metaheuristic developed based on three fundamentals pillars extremely well known: Genetic Algorithms, Game Theory and Fuzzy Systems. This new approach tries to mimic a little bit more closer how a population of individuals evolves along time, like human social evolution emphasizing the social interaction between individuals and the non-binary behavior of human decision making against the classical cooperate-defect behavior present in the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD), for example. In this way it is presented the Social Interaction Genetic Algorithm (SIGA), to establish the necessary basis for the application of fuzzy concepts to get the F-SIGA Algorithm. Besides that, it is also presented the structure of an individual more complex with a genotype composed of two chromosomes, one for the solution of the problem and the other representing its behavior's strategy, which could be binary or fuzzy. At least the F-SIGA approach is presented in details, including all its steps. And finally some results are presented to an instance of the Traveling Salesman Problem.

This work has the purpose to present a new hybrid metaheuristic developed based on three fundamentals pillars extremely well known: Genetic Algorithms, Game Theory and Fuzzy Systems. This new approach tries to mimic a little bit more closer how a population of individuals evolves along time, like human social evolution emphasizing the social interaction between individuals and the non-binary behavior of human decision making against the classical cooperate-defect behavior present in the Prisoner's Dilemma. In this way it is also presented the SIGA Algorithm [9], the approach of an individual more complex with a genotype composed of two chromosomes, one for the solution of the problem and the other representing its strategy, a binary or fuzzy. Finally some results are presented to an instance of the Traveling Salesman Problem.

In this paper, it is presented a new evolutionary algorithm of advanced optimization based in the technique of Artificial Immune Systems and in the Principles of Game Theory, more specifically, in the inclusion of evolutionary characteristics and a phase called "Social Interaction" in the algorithm AISO. In this way some theoretical aspects are presented, the new algorithm proposal and finally some simulation and comparison to Classical Genetic Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm with Social Interaction are made to the Traveling Salesman Problem.

This paper describes the development of a new hybrid meta-heuristic of optimization based on a viral lifecycle, specifically the retroviruses (the nature's swiftest evolvers'), called Retroviral Iterative Genetic Algorithm (RIGA). This algorithm uses Genetics Algorithms (GA) structures with features of retroviral replication, providing a great genetic diversity, confirmed by better results achieved by RIGA comparing with GA applied to some Real-Valued Benchmarking Functions.

In this paper, we present a Fuzzy Influence Function for the CAEP model (Cultural Algorithms with Evolutionary Programming) proposed by Chung [1] and extended by Zhu [6], applied to real-valued function optimization. The proposal makes use of a Fuzzy Inference System 'FIS' to adjust an Influence Factor that represents the intensity of the influence of the Variation operator of the CAEP model. This paper also presents a comparative analysis of the proposed influence function using a set of 17 of the CEC '05 benchmarking functions.

In this paper, it is presented a new way to characterize the phenotype in the context of Genetic Algorithms through the use of Game Theory as a theoretical foundation to define a new phase in the algorithm, named Social Interaction. It is executed before the reproduction phase and allows individuals to fight for their own survival improving their fitness according to the rules of a game. Thereby, a new algorithm is presented and some good results were produced for Traveling Salesman Problem an improvement in Genetic Algorithm execution.

Genetic Algorithms have been successful in several practical appliances and obtained great prominence among the techniques of Evolutionary Computation. A large portion of methods and parameters adopted in its use are heuristic or random choices, which remain unchanged throughout the execution once they are set. This can lead to a certain lack of exploration of the search surface and also compromise the variability of the population. For that matter, this work introduces the implementation of an intelligent agent based on fuzzy logic, enabling dynamic monitoring and regulation of six GA parameters. The results obtained surpass the GA traditional implementation in many aspects, and open a wide new space for research and study.