263 results on '"Christian, Funk"'
Search Results
2. Echocardiography and Lung Ultrasound in Long <scp>COVID</scp> and <scp>Post‐COVID</scp> Syndrome, a Review Document of the Austrian Society of Pneumology and the Austrian Society of Ultrasound in Medicine
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Martin Altersberger, Georg Goliasch, Mounir Khafaga, Matthias Schneider, Yerin Cho, Roland Winkler, Georg‐Christian Funk, Thomas Binder, Gustav Huber, Ralf‐Harun Zwick, and Martin Genger
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Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Abstract
Lung ultrasound has the potential to enable standardized follow-up without radiation exposure and with lower associated costs in comparison to CT scans. It is a valuable tool to follow up on patients after a COVID-19 infection and evaluate if there is pulmonary fibrosis developing. Echocardiography, including strain imaging, is a proven tool to assess various causes of dyspnea and adds valuable information in the context of long COVID care. Including two-dimensional (2D) strain imaging, a better comprehension of myocardial damage in post-COVID syndrome can be made. Especially 2D strain imaging (left and the right ventricular strain) can provide information about prognosis.
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- 2022
3. May I Still Define Myself? Exploring How Dissonance in Displaying Personal Information Through Head-Mounted Augmented Reality Can Affect Personal Information Sovereignty
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Jan Ole Rixen, Christian Funk, Enrico Rukzio, and Jan Gugenheimer
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- 2023
4. Disturbances in sodium and chloride homeostasis predict outcome in stable and critically ill patients with cirrhosis
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Georg Semmler, Bernhard Scheiner, Lorenz Balcar, Rafael Paternostro, Benedikt Simbrunner, Matthias Pinter, Michael Trauner, Marta Bofill Roig, Elias Laurin Meyer, Benedikt Silvester Hofer, Mattias Mandorfer, David James Pinato, Christian Zauner, Thomas Reiberger, and Georg‐Christian Funk
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Hepatology ,Gastroenterology ,Pharmacology (medical) - Published
- 2023
5. The impact of diagnostic delay on survival in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: results from the Austrian Alpha-1 Lung Registry
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Tobias Meischl, Karin Schmid-Scherzer, Florian Vafai-Tabrizi, Gert Wurzinger, Eva Traunmüller-Wurm, Kristina Kutics, Markus Rauter, Fikreta Grabcanovic-Musija, Simona Müller, Norbert Kaufmann, Judith Löffler-Ragg, Arschang Valipour, and Georg-Christian Funk
- Abstract
Background Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder that can manifest as lung disease. A delay between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of AATD is common and associated with worse clinical status and more advanced disease stage but the influence on survival is unclear. Objective We aimed to investigate the impact of diagnostic delay on overall survival (OS) and transplant-free survival (TS) in AATD patients. Methods We analysed 268 AATD patients from the prospective multi-centre Austrian Alpha-1 Lung (AAL) Registry, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square-test as well as univariable (Kaplan–Meier plots, log-rank test) and multivariable survival analysis (Cox regression). Results The predominant phenotype was Pi*ZZ (82.1%). At diagnosis, 90.2% had an AAT level below 0.6 g/L. At inclusion, 28.2% had never smoked, 68.0% had quit smoking and 3.8% continued to smoke. Lung disease was diagnosed in 98.5%, thereof most patients were diagnosed with emphysema (63.8%) and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (44.0%). Median diagnostic delay was 5.3 years (inter-quartile range [IQR] 2.2–11.5 years). In multivariable analysis (n = 229), a longer diagnostic delay was significantly associated with worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.61; 95% CI 1.09–2.38; p = 0.016) and TS (HR 1.43; 95% CI 1.08–1.89; p = 0.011), independent from age, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and long-term oxygen treatment. Furthermore, BMI, age and active smoking were significantly associated with worse OS as well as BMI, active smoking and FEV1 were with worse TS. Conclusions A delayed diagnosis was associated with significantly worse OS and TS. Screening should be improved and efforts to ensure early AATD diagnosis should be intensified.
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- 2023
6. Management of hospitalized influenza A patients during the season 2018/19
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Marianna Traugott, Erich Pawelka, Georg-Christian Funk, Michael Turner, Sara Omid, Boris Lindner, Alexander Zoufaly, Christoph Porpaczy, Sabine Publig, Christoph Wenisch, Tamara Seitz, Hasan Kelani, and Mario Karolyi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Oseltamivir ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Interquartile range ,Internal medicine ,Clavulanic acid ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Humans ,Medical prescription ,Aged ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Amoxicillin ,medicine.disease ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Hospitalization ,Pneumonia ,Pulmonology ,chemistry ,Female ,Seasons ,business ,Cefuroxime ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis and treatment of influenza patients are often provided across several medical specialties. We compared patient outcomes at an infectious diseases (ID), a rheumatology (Rheu) and a pulmonology (Pul) department. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this prospective observational multicenter study we included all influenza positive adults who were hospitalized and treated at flu isolation wards in three hospitals in Vienna during the season 2018/2019. RESULTS A total of 490 patients (49% female) with a median age of 73 years (interquartile range [IQR] 61-82) were included. No differences regarding age, sex and most underlying diseases were present at admission. Frequencies of the most common complications differed: acute kidney failure (ID 12.7%, Rheu 21.2%, Pulm 37.1%, p
- Published
- 2021
7. THE ORCA ECOSYSTEM - ADVANCING THE MISSION OF OER TOGETHER THROUGH COMPETENCES IN THE NETWORK
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Andrea Niemann, Sarah Schotemeier, and Christian Funk
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- 2022
8. Risk of Electrolyte Disorders, Syncope, and Falls in Patients Taking Thiazide Diuretics: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study
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Gregor Lindner, Svenja Ravioli, Shawki Bahmad, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Christoph Schwarz, and Georg-Christian Funk
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors ,Hypokalemia ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Risk Assessment ,Syncope ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Hydrochlorothiazide ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Risk factor ,610 Medicine & health ,Antihypertensive Agents ,Thiazide ,Aged ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,Chlorthalidone ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Water-Electrolyte Balance ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Hypertension ,Accidental Falls ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Hyponatremia ,business ,Switzerland ,Electrolyte Disorder ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Thiazide diuretics are a mainstay in the management of hypertension and often associated with dyselectrolytemias. We investigated the prevalence of and risk factors for hyponatremia and hypokalemia in thiazide users, substance-specific differences, and the association of thiazides with syncope and falls. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis all patients admitted to an interdisciplinary emergency department in Switzerland between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018, with measurements of serum sodium and potassium were included. Data regarding serum electrolytes and creatinine were analyzed to classify for dysnatremias, dyskalemias, and acute kidney injury. Chart reviews were performed to screen for syncope or falls. Results: A total of 1604 patients (7.9%) took thiazides. Acute kidney injury was significantly more common in thiazide users (22.1 vs 7%, P < .0001). Hyponatremia (22.1 vs 9.8%, P < .0001) and hypokalemia (19 vs 11%, P < .0001) were more frequent with thiazides. Thiazide use together with higher age and female sex were independent predictors of hyponatremia and hypokalemia. A dose-dependent effect was found for electrolyte disorders, and there was a variance in risk between the investigated substances with chlorthalidone bearing the highest and hydrochlorothiazide the lowest risk. Patients taking thiazide diuretics had significantly more episodes of syncope and falls. Conclusions: Thiazide use is a clear risk factor for hyponatremia and hypokalemia. The effect appears to be dose-dependent and highly variable depending on the substance. Syncope and falls seem to be causally related to thiazide use. Especially in patients who are elderly, female, and prone to falls, the use of thiazide diuretics should be thoroughly questioned.
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- 2021
9. Fehlermeldung in der Blutgasanalyse
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Stefan Pöchacker, Philip Eisenburger, Georg-Christian Funk, Lukas-Maurice Scheinost, and Anna Steinacher
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business.industry ,Emergency Medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Medical emergency ,Emergency Nursing ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2021
10. Characteristics of very elderly patients in the emergency department – A retrospective analysis
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Gregor Lindner, Svenja Ravioli, Bertram K. Woitok, and Georg-Christian Funk
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Retrospective analysis ,Humans ,Elderly people ,education ,Geriatric Assessment ,Disease burden ,Aged ,Demography ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Polypharmacy ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,General Medicine ,Emergency department ,medicine.disease ,Comorbidity ,Emergency medicine ,Emergency Medicine ,Female ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,business ,Hyponatremia - Abstract
Introduction Elderly people, defined by age 65 years and older, made up 18.45% of the Swiss Population in 2018 and their number is projected to rise continuously. Data investigating specific characteristics of this patient subgroup, especially in the emergency setting, is scarce. Methods Demographic data of admission records from all patients aged 65 years or older admitted to our emergency department (ED) between January 1st 2015 and December 31st 2018 were investigated. Retrospective chart reviews of patients admitted in 2018 were conducted. Comorbidity burden was assessed by Charlson Comorbidity Index. Risk factors for death, longer hospitalization and placement in a nursing facility were identified by multivariate regression. Results The prevalence of elderly patients (≥65 years) admitted to the ED between 2015 and 2018 was rising from 33% in 2015 to 37.8% in 2018. In 2018 709 patients were 90 years and older (3.6%). Age above 90 years and high comorbidity burden were identified as independent risk factors for death. Polypharmacy, hyponatremia and high comorbidity burden were independent risk factors for longer hospitalizations. Advanced age and high comorbidity burden were independent risk factors for placement in a nursing facility. Conclusion The number of elderly patients admitted to our ED is continuously rising. There was no difference in overall disease burden, number of medications and hospital length of stay between octogenarians and nonagenarians. We identified risk factors for mortality, long hospitalizations and need of placement in a nursing facility.
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- 2021
11. Risk stratification and risk-adapted management of acute pulmonary embolism
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Natascha Kohls, Stavros V. Konstantinides, Irene Marthe Lang, Georg Christian Funk, and Kurt Huber
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General Medicine - Abstract
Pulmonary embolism is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular death in Europe. Rapid diagnosis and treatment initiation are essential, especially in hemodynamically unstable patients. For normotensive patients, the diagnostic workflow is based on the clinical probability of pulmonary embolism. Due to numerous differential diagnoses and a highly variable clinical presentation, diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism still remains a clinical challenge. Computed tomography angiography is the common gold standard to confirm pulmonary embolism and bedside echocardiography adds a major impact in clinical decision making. The European Society of Cardiology guidelines serve as a framework for a standardized diagnostic approach and risk prediction. Based on vital signs, clinical scores, biomarkers and imaging results, four risk categories can be defined and treatment is accordingly. To optimize the individual management of critical patients, multidisciplinary pulmonary embolism response teams are increasingly designated in specialized centers. This article provides an overview of the current risk-adapted management of patients with acute pulmonary embolism.
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- 2022
12. Achieving Molecular Profiling in Pleural Biopsies: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study
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Anand, Sundaralingam, Avinash, Aujayeb, Baki, Akca, Clare, Tiedeman, Vineeth, George, Michael, Carling, Jennifer, Brown, Radhika, Banka, Dinesh, Addala, Eihab O, Bedawi, Rob J, Hallifax, Beenish, Iqbal, Poppy, Denniston, Maria T, Tsakok, Nikolaos I, Kanellakis, Florian, Vafai-Tabrizi, Michael, Bergman, Georg-Christian, Funk, Rachel E, Benamore, John M, Wrightson, and Najib M, Rahman
- Abstract
Pleural biopsy findings offer greater diagnostic sensitivity in malignant pleural effusions compared with pleural fluid. The adequacy of pleural biopsy techniques in achieving molecular marker status has not been studied, and such information (termed "actionable" histology) is critical in providing a rational, efficient, and evidence-based approach to diagnostic investigation.What is the adequacy of various pleural biopsy techniques at providing adequate molecular diagnostic information to guide treatment in malignant pleural effusions?This study analyzed anonymized data on 183 patients from four sites across three countries in whom pleural biopsy results had confirmed a malignant diagnosis and molecular profiling was relevant for the diagnosed cancer type. The primary outcome measure was adequacy of pleural biopsy for achieving molecular marker status. Secondary outcomes included clinical factors predictive of achieving a molecular diagnosis.The median age of patients was 71 years (interquartile range, 63-78 years), with 92 of 183 (50%) male. Of the 183 procedures, 105 (57%) were local anesthetic thoracoscopies (LAT), 12 (7%) were CT scan guided, and 66 (36%) were ultrasound guided. Successful molecular marker analysis was associated with mode of biopsy, with LAT having the highst yield and ultrasound-guided biopsy the lowest (LAT vs CT scan guided vs ultrasound guided: LAT yield, 95%; CT scan guided, 86%; and ultrasound guided, 77% [P = .004]). Biopsy technique and size of biopsy sample were independently associated with successful molecular marker analysis. LAT had an adjusted OR for successful diagnosis of 30.16 (95% CI, 3.15-288.56; P = .003) and biopsy sample size an OR of 1.18 (95% CI, 1.02-1.37) per millimeter increase in tissue sample size (P .03).Although previous studies have shown comparable overall diagnostic yields, in the modern era of targeted therapies, this study found that LAT offers far superior results to image-guided techniques at achieving molecular profiling and remains the optimal diagnostic tool.
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- 2022
13. Fractional excretion of sodium or urea as prognostic indicators for acute kidney injury in the emergency department
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Gregor, Lindner, Adrian, Wolfensberger, Aristomenis K, Exadaktylos, Christoph, Schwarz, Georg-Christian, Funk, and Svenja, Ravioli
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Sodium ,Emergency Medicine ,Humans ,Urea ,610 Medicine & health ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,Prognosis - Published
- 2021
14. Dysnatremias in emergency patients with acute kidney injury: A cross-sectional analysis
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Svenja Ravioli, Gregor Lindner, Georg-Christian Funk, Christoph Schwarz, Philipp Walter, and Bertram K. Woitok
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Severity of Illness Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Medicine ,Mortality ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Risk factor ,Thiazide ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Creatinine ,Hypernatremia ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,General Medicine ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Logistic Models ,chemistry ,Diuretics, Potassium Sparing ,Emergency Medicine ,Female ,Diuretic ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,business ,Hyponatremia ,medicine.drug ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Purpose We aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and outcome of hypo- and hypernatremia in emergency patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods In this cross-sectional analysis all emergency patients between January 1st 2017 and December 31st 2018 with measurements of creatinine and sodium were included. Baseline characteristics, medication and laboratory data were gathered. Chart reviews were performed to identify patients with a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to extract baseline creatinine. For all other patients the ADQI backformula was used to calculate baseline creatinine. AKI was graduated using creatinine criteria of the acute kidney injury network. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for appearance of dysnatremias and outcome. Results AKI was found in 8% of patients. 392 patients (23.16%) had hyponatremia, 24 (1.4%) had hypernatremia. Use of potassium sparing diuretics, a medical cause for emergency referral, use of thiazide diuretics and AKI stage were the strongest risk factors for hyponatremia. Loop diuretics, a medical cause for emergency referral and AKI stage were risk factors for hypernatremia. In patients with all classes of hyponatremia, length of hospital stay was significantly longer compared to patients with a normal serum sodium. In the binary logistic regression analysis with death as outcome, hyponatremia as well as severe hypernatremia were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions Dysnatremias are common in emergency patients with AKI. Diuretic medication is a major risk factor for hypo- and hypernatremia. Both hyponatremia and severe hypernatremia were independent risk factors for adverse outcome.
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- 2020
15. Gender differences and influenza-associated mortality in hospitalized influenza A patients during the 2018/19 season
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Georg-Christian Funk, Christoph Wenisch, Tamara Seitz, Hasan Kelani, Erich Pawelka, Alexander Zoufaly, B. Lindner, S. Publig, M. Unterweger, Marianna Traugott, C. Porpaczy, and Mario Karolyi
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Point-of-care testing ,030106 microbiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Malignancy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Influenza A virus ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Influenza a ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Icu admission ,Hospitalization ,Infectious Diseases ,Heart failure ,Female ,Observational study ,business - Abstract
In this study we analyzed gender differences in the clinical presentation of patients with molecular confirmed influenza A. Additionally, we tried to identify predictors of influenza-associated mortality.In this prospective observational multi-center-study we included all influenza-positive patients ≥ 18 years who were hospitalized and treated on flu-isolation-wards in three hospitals in Vienna during the 2018/19 influenza season. Diagnoses were made via Cobas490 Patients (48.8% female) tested positive for influenza A. Female patients were older (median age 76 years vs. 70 years, p 0.001). Male patients had a higher rate of chronic liver disease in history (8.8% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.006), myositis (11.7% vs. 3.1%, p 0.001) and ICU admissions (9.6% vs. 4.6%, p = 0.03). The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.3% and increased to 9.5% during the 90-day follow-up period. Female patients 75 years had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate than ≤ 75-year-old females (9.2% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.019). This effect was not observed in male patients (5.4% vs. 1.9%, p = ns). Age 75 years (OR 5.49, 95% CI 1.10-27.43), acute heart failure (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.03-12.05) and ICU admission (OR 6.1, 95% CI 0.98-37.91) were predictors for in-hospital mortality for female patients, while any malignancy (OR 9.4, 95% CI 1.90-46.54) and ICU admission (OR 7.05, 95% CI 1.44-34.55) were predictors in male patients.Gender is associated with differences in clinical presentation and complications of influenza A virus infection. Women with acute heart failure or aged 75 years have an increased risk of influenza associated in-hospital mortality, while ICU admission and any malignancy are predictors for male patients. Mortality rates in patients 75 years are 5-10 times higher compared to their non-hospitalized influenza-negative Austrian counterparts.
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- 2020
16. Effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with COPD : A pilot study
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Erwin Grasmuk-Siegl, Matthias Helmuth Urban, Sebastian Scherrer, and Georg-Christian Funk
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General Medicine - Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with reduced exercise capacity. In COPD iron deficiency is found in up to 50% of patients and may impair exercise capacity, the potential therapeutic effect is yet unknown. We aimed to estimate the beneficial effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with COPD.In this non-randomized, interrupted time series pilot trial we enrolled outpatients with stable COPD (GOLD II and III) and nonanemic iron deficiency (i.e., ferritin level 100 μg/l or ferritin level 100-300 μg/l if transferrin saturation 20%). Patients with cardiovascular-or inflammatory diseases were excluded. Participants performed 6‑minute walking test (6-MWT) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and completed the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).From 35 screened patients, 11 (72% male, 63 ± 8 years, FEV1%predicted 44 ± 14) were included. Mean ferritin and hemoglobin were 70 ± 41 µg/l and 13.8 ± 1.7 g/dl, respectively. Four weeks after iron administration the 6‑MWT distance increased by 34.7 ± 34.4 m (95% CI, 10.0-59.3); p = 0.011. The VO2max increased by 1.87 ± 1.2 ml/kg/min (95% CI, 0.76-3); p = 0.006. Mean score of SGRQ was reduced by 7.56 ± 6.12 units (95% CI, 3 to 11); p = 0.004. The insignificant alteration in hemoglobin did not correlate with increase in exercise capacity.Administration of intravenous iron was associated with improved exercise capacity and quality of life in stable COPD patients independent of hemoglobin. Our data provide a basis to calculate a statistically sufficient sample size for a randomized controlled follow-up study.
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- 2022
17. Bedeutung des digitalen Wandels für gesundheitsfördernde Hochschulen
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Eike Quilling, Christian Funk, Rüdiger Hoßfeld, Christina Josupeit, Jan Josupeit, Janna Leimann, and Sven Dieterich
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- 2022
18. Engagementprofile in formalisierten und informellen Settings. Ergebnisse des ethnografischen Forschungsprojekts 'Informelles Engagement im Sozialraum' (IZESO)
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Christian Funk and Lisa Scholten
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- 2022
19. Soziale Arbeit in Zeiten gesellschaftlicher Umbrüche
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Anne van Rießen, Lisa Scholten, and Christian Funk
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- 2020
20. A series of new layered lithium europium(II) oxoniobates(V) and -tantalates(V)
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Thomas Schleid, Jürgen Köhler, and Christian Funk
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Magnetism ,Refractory metals ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Paramagnetism ,Crystallography ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Octahedron ,chemistry ,Oxidation state ,Lithium ,0210 nano-technology ,Europium - Abstract
The new Ruddlesden-Popper-related phases A n +1 B n O3 n +1 (n = 3) with the compositions Li2Eu2Nb3O10, Li2Eu1.5Ta3O10, Li2EuKNb3O10, and Li2EuKTa3O10 were synthesized by solid-state reactions from Li2[CO3] (+ K2[CO3]) and the corresponding refractory metals along with their oxides in a high-frequency furnace at temperatures above T = 1600°C. Their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Characteristic features are triple layers of corner-sharing [MO6]7− octahedra (M = Nb and Ta), which are connected via [LiO4]7− tetrahedra. The Eu2+ cations are cuboctahedrally surrounded by 12 oxygen atoms and according to the Eu–O distances of around 275 pm, they have the oxidation state +2, as confirmed by XPS measurements. In the potassium-containing samples they share their positions with K+ cations. The black compounds are stable in air at room temperature. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibilities in the range of T = 5–300 K revealed Li2Eu2Nb3O10, Li2Eu1.5Ta3O10 and Li2EuKTa3O10 to be paramagnetic without any ordering.
- Published
- 2019
21. Interpretation von Säure-Basen-Störungen
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Georg-Christian Funk and Mathis Hochrainer
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Emergency Nursing ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Emergency Medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Acid-base disorders ,Blood gas analysis - Abstract
Fur die Funktionen des Korpers ist es notwendig, den pH-Wert des Bluts in engen Grenzen zu halten. Storungen dieses Gleichgewichts konnen aus unterschiedlichen Grunden auftreten und in lebensbedrohlichen Zustanden resultieren. Deshalb sind die Identifikation und Interpretation von Saure-Basen-(SB)-Storungen vor allem in der Notfall- und Intensivmedizin, aber nahezu auch in samtlichen Bereichen der inneren Medizin von groser Wichtigkeit. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Uberblick uber die unterschiedlichen metabolisch und respiratorisch bedingten SB-Storungen und zeigt praxisnah, wie diese im klinischen Alltag unter Zuhilfenahme des vereinfachten Stewart-Approachs diagnostiziert werden konnen.
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- 2019
22. The impact of diagnostic delay on survival in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency - results from the Austrian Alpha-1 Lung Registry
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Gert Wurzinger, Fikreta Grabcanovic-Musija, Tobias Meischl, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Karin Schmid-Scherzer, Markus Rauter, Georg-Christian Funk, Norbert Kaufmann, Simona Mueller, and Arschang Valipour
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency ,Lung ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Alpha (ethology) ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology - Published
- 2021
23. Beatmung bei COPD: von der Präklinik bis zur außerklinischen Beatmung. Eine Übersicht des Arbeitskreises für Beatmung und Intensivmedizin der österreichischen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie
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Gernot Kühteubl, Theodor Wanke, Eveline Kink, Martin Gäbler, Lorenz Erler, Wilfried Fritz, Otmar Schindler, Georg-Christian Funk, and Florian Krenn
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Gynecology ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,medicine ,Pulmonary disease ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,business - Abstract
Das Positionspapier wurde vom Arbeitskreis Beatmung und Intensivmedizin der Osterreichischen Gesellschaft fur Pneumologie mit dem Ziel erstellt, die Besonderheiten der mechanischen Beatmung bei Patienten mit chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankungen (COPD) zusammenzufassen. Von der akuten respiratorischen Insuffizienz bis zur auserklinischen Beatmung werden die pathophysiologischen Grundlagen sowie die wesentlichen Unterschiede zur Beatmung bei anderer Indikation dargestellt.
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- 2019
24. Mid‐regional pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide independently predicts short‐term mortality in COVID‐19
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Mona Kassem, Alexander O. Spiel, Johann Wojta, Gabriele Aicher, Michael Gschwantler, Susanne Equiluz-Bruck, Amro Ahmed, Georg-Christian Funk, Kurt Huber, Matthias K. Freynhofer, PA Fasching, Christoph C Kaufmann, and Bernhard Jäger
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Clinical Biochemistry ,high‐sensitive cardiac troponin I ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Biochemistry ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID‐19 ,Cause of Death ,Internal medicine ,Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ,Severity of illness ,medicine ,Natriuretic peptide ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Mortality ,Respiratory system ,Hypoxia ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Cause of death ,Aged, 80 and over ,Original Paper ,N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide ,Mid‐regional pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Troponin I ,Confounding ,Case-control study ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Original Papers ,Peptide Fragments ,Hospitalization ,ROC Curve ,Case-Control Studies ,disease severity ,Female ,Observational study ,business ,Atrial Natriuretic Factor - Abstract
Background Mid‐regional pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide (MR‐proANP) is a strong prognostic marker in several inflammatory, respiratory and cardiovascular conditions, but has not been studied in COVID‐19 yet. Methods This prospective, observational study of patients with COVID‐19 infection was conducted from 6 June to 26 November 2020 in different wards of a tertiary hospital. MR‐proANP, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and high‐sensitive cardiac troponin I levels on admission were collected and tested for their association with disease severity and 28‐day mortality. Results A total of 213 eligible patients with COVID‐19 were included in the final analyses of whom 13.2% (n = 28) died within 28 days. Median levels of MR‐proANP at admission were significantly higher in nonsurvivors (307 pmol/L IQR, [161 ‐ 532] vs 75 pmol/L [IQR, 43 ‐ 153], P
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- 2021
25. Organizing pneumonia following Covid19 pneumonia
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Caroline Nell, Gernot Rainer, Arschang Valipour, Georg-Christian Funk, Birgit Thaler, and Wolfgang Pokieser
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Short Report ,Interstitial lung disease ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Pulmonary function testing ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pulmonary infection ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory system ,Lung ,Long Covid ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Pneumonia ,medicine.disease ,Fibrosis ,respiratory tract diseases ,Inflammatory lung disease ,Organizing pneumonia ,business ,Complication - Abstract
SummaryThe potential mid-term and long-term consequences after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections are as yet unknown. This is the first report of bronchoscopically verified organizing pneumonia as a complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid19). It caused persisting dyspnea, impaired pulmonary function, and radiological abnormalities over 5 weeks after onset of symptoms. While organizing pneumonia frequently requires treatment with systemic corticosteroids, in this case it resolved spontaneously without treatment after 6 weeks. Healthcare professionals should consider organizing pneumonia in patients with persisting respiratory symptoms after Covid19.
- Published
- 2021
26. High Fluctuation Between Anticoagulants, Frequent Off-Label Dosing, and No Difference Concerning Outcomes: Results of a Real-Life Cohort Study
- Author
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Ana Antelo, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Gregor Lindner, Georg-Christian Funk, and Corinne M. Eschler
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Administration, Oral ,Hemorrhage ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Dabigatran ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Edoxaban ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Dosing ,610 Medicine & health ,Aged ,Ischemic Stroke ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Rivaroxaban ,business.industry ,Anticoagulants ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Emergency department ,Off-Label Use ,Venous Thromboembolism ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Apixaban ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background Recently published studies indicated a high proportion of patients taking direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are off-label under- or overdosed. The present study aimed at investigating whether off-label dosages are corrected over time and whether off-label doses are associated with differences in bleeding rates, ischemic stroke, or venous thromboembolism. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, patients presenting to our emergency department between January 1 and December 31, 2018, with therapeutic oral anticoagulation were included (ie, vitamin-K antagonists [VKAs], rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran) and follow-up for a maximum of 2 years until December 31, 2019, was made. Detailed chart reviews were performed for each case concerning characteristics, indication, bleeding complications, or changes in the used substance or dosage. Results We reviewed 2588 consultations of 1228 patients receiving therapeutic oral anticoagulation. During the maximum follow-up period of 2 years vitamin K antagonists and rivaroxaban lost the largest proportions in favor of apixaban. The overall distribution of dosage correctness remained almost unimproved (correct dosing in 62.5%, underdosing in 23.6%, coverdosing in 13.9%).The corresponding outcomes did not differ with respect to bleeding events, ischemic stroke, or venous thromboembolism among various anticoagulants as well as between correct and off-label doses. Conclusions A rising proportion of existing oral anticoagulation regimes was changed to apixaban, while the proportion of off-label dosages of all oral anticoagulants remained stable. No difference in bleeding rates, de novo strokes, or thromboembolisms was found between anticoagulants as well as between correct and off-label doses.
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- 2021
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27. Electrolyte disorders in stable renal allograft recipients
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Georg Beilhack, Christoph Schwarz, Georg-Christian Funk, Rossella Monteforte, and Gregor Lindner
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Hypercalcaemia ,business.industry ,Renal function ,Metabolic acidosis ,General Medicine ,Electrolyte ,medicine.disease ,Allografts ,Kidney ,Gastroenterology ,Kidney Transplantation ,Transplantation ,Electrolytes ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Concomitant ,Internal medicine ,Renal allograft ,Medicine ,Humans ,business ,Electrolyte Disorder - Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid base and electrolyte disorders are frequently reported in the early period after renal transplantation. No comprehensive data exist on the prevalence and patterns of, and contributing factors to, electrolyte disturbances in patients with stable long-term allograft function. METHODS We analysed 576 renal transplant recipients (serum creatinine level
- Published
- 2020
28. Dürfen Privatuniversitäten Honorarprofessuren verleihen?
- Author
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Bernd-Christian Funk, Diana zu Hohenlohe, and Konrad Lachmayer
- Published
- 2022
29. Characteristics of patients with homogeneous and heterogeneous emphysema
- Author
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Marina Duller, Arschang Valipour, Kelly Groß, Mostafa Bakeer, and Georg-Christian Funk
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Homogeneous ,Medicine ,Radiology ,business - Published
- 2020
30. Arterial blood gases changes after endoscopic lung volume reduction
- Author
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Kelly Groß, Arschang Valipour, Marina Duller, Mostafa Bakeer, and Georg-Christian Funk
- Subjects
Lung volume reduction ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Arterial blood ,business - Published
- 2020
31. Dyskalemias in patients with acute kidney injury presenting to the emergency department are common and independent predictors of adverse outcome
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Philipp Walter, Georg-Christian Funk, Svenja Ravioli, Gregor Lindner, Emanuel Pluess, Christoph Schwarz, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, and Bertram K. Woitok
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Hyperkalemia ,Prevalence ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Stage (cooking) ,610 Medicine & health ,Retrospective Studies ,Creatinine ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,General Medicine ,Emergency department ,Acute Kidney Injury ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Hypokalemia ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,chemistry ,medicine.symptom ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,business ,Switzerland ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background No data concerning the prevalence and risk factors of dyskalemia in acute kidney injury (AKI) exist. We investigated (a) prevalence rates, (b) risk factors and (c) outcome of hypo- and hyperkalemia in emergency patients. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis, all patients admitted to the emergency department of a large public hospital in Switzerland between January 1st 2017 and December 31st 2018 with measurements of creatinine and potassium were included. Baseline characteristics, medication and laboratory data were extracted. Chart reviews were performed to identify patients with a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to extract their baseline creatinine. For all other patients, the ADQI backformula was used in order to calculate baseline creatinine. AKI was graduated using creatinine criteria of the acute kidney injury network. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for appearance of hyperkalemia and outcome. Results AKI was found in 8% of patients. Hyperkalemia was present in 13% and hypokalemia in 11% of patients with AKI. AKI stage, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors and underlying CKD were the strongest risk factors for hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia as well as profound hypokalemia were independently associated with prolonged length of stay and in-hospital mortality. The study is limited by its dependency on chart review data in order to identify patients with chronic kidney disease and by limitations of the ADQI backformula to calculate baseline creatinine. Conclusions Dyskalemias are common in emergency patients with AKI and are independent risk factors for adverse outcomes. Potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE-inhibitors, AKIN stage and CKD are predictors of hyperkalemia in AKI.
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- 2020
32. Prevalence and impact on outcome of sodium and potassium disorders in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: A retrospective analysis
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Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Gregor Lindner, Svenja Ravioli, Georg-Christian Funk, and Rebecca Gygli
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hyperkalemia ,medicine.drug_class ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Community-acquired pneumonia ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Sodium ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Emergency department ,Pneumonia ,Loop diuretic ,medicine.disease ,Hypokalemia ,Community-Acquired Infections ,Potassium ,Hypernatremia ,medicine.symptom ,Hyponatremia ,business - Abstract
Disorders of sodium and potassium are common and predictors of adverse outcome. Prevalence and impact on outcome of hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia and hypernatremia were investigated in emergency patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Patients ≥18 years presenting to our emergency department between January 1st 2017 and December 31st 2018 with on-admission electrolyte measurements were included. Chart reviews were performed to identify patients with CAP.19.948 cases had measurements of sodium and potassium of which 469 had CAP (2.4%). Prevalence of hypo- and hypernatremia was significantly increased in patients with compared to those without CAP (hyponatremia: 28.8% vs. 10.5% respectively, p0.0001; hypernatremia: 1.9% vs. 0.6% respectively, p=0.002). The prevalence of hypo- and hyperkalemia was significantly higher in patients with than without CAP (hypokalemia 15.6% vs. 11.4% respectively, p=0.004; hyperkalemia: 4.5% vs. 2.0% respectively, p=0.001). Hyponatremia was significantly associated with longer hospital stay in patients with CAP (regression coefficient 0.194, standard error 0.079, p=0.015). None of the investigated electrolyte disorders were predictive of 30-day re-admission and 180-day pneumonia recurrence rates. Use of loop diuretics was an independent predictor for 30-day re-admission (OR 2.351 (1.099-5.03). p=0.028). Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) risk class was an independent predictor of 180-day pneumonia recurrence (OR 1.494 (1.022-2.184), p=0.038).Dysnatremias and dyskalemias are common findings complicating CAP in emergency patients. Prevalence of hyponatremia was highest followed by hypokalemia. Hyponatremia was an independent predictor of prolonged length of hospital stay. Loop diuretic use was associated with 30-day readmission and PSI risk class with 180-day pneumonia recurrence.
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- 2020
33. Bronchoscopic diagnosis and treatment of endobronchial carcinoid: case report and review of the literature
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Irene Firlinger, Georg-Christian Funk, Ulrike Setinek, Arschang Valipour, Michael Meilinger, Julian Domayer, Konstantinos Kostikas, and Anastasia Papaporfyriou
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Atelectasis ,Bronchi ,Lymph node metastasis ,Carcinoid Tumor ,Bronchoscopy ,medicine ,Humans ,Carcinoid tumour ,Pneumonectomy ,Lymph node ,lcsh:RC705-779 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Bronchial Neoplasms ,lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system ,Gold standard (test) ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Younger adults ,Diagnostic assessment ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
Carcinoid tumours are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms that mostly occur in younger adults with low tendencies to metastasise. Based on their histological characteristics, they are divided into typical and atypical subtypes. The most common presenting symptoms are due to central airway obstruction. The first step in the diagnostic assessment should be a computed tomography (CT) scan, as it provides information both for local tumour extent and lymph node involvement. Bronchoscopy is the main tool for histological confirmation, evaluation of bronchial wall invasion and removal of endobronchial manifestation with subsequent resolution of atelectasis. Endobronchial ultrasound may be necessary to rule out lymph node metastasis. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in combination with CT can rule out further metastatic disease.Surgical resection using parenchyma-sparing techniques remains the gold standard for treatment. For selected patients, endobronchial therapy could be an alternative for minimal invasiveness. Long-term follow-up is suggested due to the high likelihood of recurrence.Here, we describe our clinical experience in a 35-year-old male patient who originally presented with haemoptysis and a central polypoid tumour in the left main bronchus revealed by a CT scan. The histological characteristics were indicative of a typical carcinoid. The patient was treated using an endobronchial approach only. No complications and no recurrences have been observed in a follow-up of 2 years.
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- 2020
34. Effects of roflumilast on arterial stiffness in COPD (ELASTIC): A randomized trial
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Andreas Gleiss, Sylvia Hartl, Matthias Urban, Otto C. Burghuber, Georg-Christian Funk, and Nicole Kreibich
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Cyclopropanes ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aminopyridines ,Placebo ,Systemic inflammation ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,0302 clinical medicine ,Vascular Stiffness ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pulse wave velocity ,Roflumilast ,Aged ,COPD ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Comorbidity ,Intention to Treat Analysis ,Treatment Outcome ,030228 respiratory system ,Benzamides ,Cardiology ,Arterial stiffness ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Biomarkers ,medicine.drug ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background and objective Cardiovascular risk is substantially increased in patients with COPD and can be quantified via arterial stiffness. The PDE-IV inhibitor roflumilast revealed a potential reduction of COPD-related cardiovascular risk. We aimed to investigate the effects of roflumilast on arterial stiffness by quantification of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in stable COPD. Methods In this randomized placebo-controlled trial, 80 COPD patients received roflumilast or placebo for 24 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in cf-PWV. Secondary outcomes comprised markers of vascular function (e.g. Aix and RHI), systemic inflammation (e.g. IL-6 and TNF-α) and clinical characteristics of COPD (e.g. CAT and 6MWT). Results A total of 33 and 34 patients completed the roflumilast and placebo arm, respectively (age, median (IQR): 64.5 (61-69.5) vs 64.5 (56-72) years; FEV1 , median (IQR): 34.5 (25.5-48.6) vs 35.3 (27-46.8) % predicted; 6MWT, median (IQR): 428 (340-558) vs 456 (364-570) m). Change from baseline PWV did not show a significant difference between roflumilast and placebo (+5.0 (95% CI: -2.0 to +13.0) vs 0.0 (95% CI: -7.0 to +7.0)%, P = 0.268). Roflumilast did not improve markers of vascular function or systemic inflammation. We observed a significant improvement in change from baseline 6MWT with roflumilast versus placebo (+53.0 (95% CI: +19.1 to +86.9) vs -0.92 (95% CI: -35.1 to +33.3) m, P = 0.026). Conclusion Our study revealed no beneficial effects of roflumilast on arterial stiffness. Further studies are needed to test a potential improvement of exercise capacity with roflumilast in COPD.
- Published
- 2020
35. Old and New Insights into Structure and Properties of Eu2[SiO4]
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David Enseling, Joris van Slageren, Thomas Jüstel, Jürgen Köhler, Krystian Roleder, Iwona Lazar, Annette Bussmann-Holder, Heiko Bamberger, Thomas Schleid, Dariusz Kajewski, Christian Funk, and Jürgen Nuss
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Phase transition ,Materials science ,Birefringence ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Crystallography ,Hysteresis ,chemistry ,General Materials Science ,Orthorhombic crystal system ,0210 nano-technology ,Europium ,Single crystal ,Monoclinic crystal system - Abstract
Lemon-yellow single crystals of Eu2[SiO4] were obtained by reaction of elemental europium with Eu2O3 in the presence of SiO2 carried out in evacuated silica ampules at 1373 K for 48 h followed by constant cooling to room temperature with 120 K per hour. Eu2[SiO4] crystallizes at room temperature in the larnite-type structure of β-Ca2[SiO4] (monoclinic, P21/n) with parameters a = 565.02(5), b = 709.15(6), c = 975.84(8) pm, β = 92.614(3)° for Z = 4. At 452 K it undergoes a reversible phase transition to an incommensurate structure similar to the isotypic compounds Sr2[SiO4] and K2[SeO4]. The phase transition energy was determined to 0.54(2) J·g–1 by DSC measurements and temperature dependent birefringence measurements show that the phase transition exhibits a significant hysteresis. Refinements of the structure of Eu2[SiO4] based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data show that the high temperature modification crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma(α00)0ss with a = 710.16(6), b = 566.93(5), c ...
- Published
- 2018
36. Normal saline versus a balanced crystalloid for goal-directed perioperative fluid therapy in major abdominal surgery: a double-blind randomised controlled study
- Author
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Barbara Kabon, Gregor Lindner, Carmen A. Pfortmueller, Oliver Zotti, Christian Reiterer, Georg-Christian Funk, A. Schrott, and Edith Fleischmann
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Resuscitation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hemodynamics ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Perioperative Care ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,030202 anesthesiology ,law ,Intensive care ,Abdomen ,medicine ,Humans ,Vasoconstrictor Agents ,Prospective Studies ,Saline ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Crystalloid Solutions ,Perioperative ,Middle Aged ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Blood pressure ,Surgical Procedures, Operative ,Anesthesia ,Fluid Therapy ,Female ,Saline Solution ,Acidosis ,business ,Goals ,Abdominal surgery - Abstract
Background This double-blind randomised controlled trial investigated whether normal saline or a balanced crystalloid has distinct effects on vasopressor use in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Methods Patients received either normal saline 0.9% or an acetate-buffered crystalloid for intraoperative volume replacement in a goal-directed fashion. The primary outcome was need for vasopressors; the secondary outcomes were the total dose of catecholamines, total perioperative fluid, and unplanned intensive care admissions. Results This study was terminated early for safety reasons. A total of 60 out of the planned 240 patients were randomized. Thirty patients received normal saline and 30 patients received the balanced crystalloid, with a total volume of 3427 (2732–4130) ml and 3144 (1673–4926), respectively. The normal-saline group developed hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis. More patients needed vasopressors for circulatory support in the normal-saline group compared with the buffered crystalloid group (97% vs 67%, respectively; P=0.033). The median weight and anaesthesia duration-adjusted dose of norepinephrine were 0.11 (0.00–0.45) ng kg−1 min−1 and 0.00 (0.00–0.00) kg−1 min−1 in the normal-saline and balanced-crystalloid groups, respectively (P=0.003). Cox regression revealed that the need for vasopressors was related to a high volume of administered fluid, normal-saline resuscitation, and lower mean arterial blood pressure. There was no difference between the groups in total perioperative fluid and unplanned intensive-care-unit admissions. Between-group differences in the duration of anaesthesia did not influence the necessity for a vasopressor. Conclusions Compared with patients receiving a balanced crystalloid, normal saline in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery was associated with an increased need for vasopressor support. This should be interpreted in view of the large volume of fluid resuscitation and the small sample size because of the preliminary termination of the study. Clinical trial registration EudraCT 2014-004867-19, NCT 02414555.
- Published
- 2018
37. Increased brachial intima-media thickness is associated with circulating levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with COPD
- Author
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Otto C. Burghuber, Matthias Urban, Philipp Eickhoff, Michael Wolzt, Arschang Valipour, and Georg-Christian Funk
- Subjects
Male ,Brachial Artery ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Systemic inflammation ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Lung ,Original Research ,Ultrasonography ,COPD ,Framingham Risk Score ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Smoking ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,comorbidity ,Cardiology ,biomarker ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Inflammation Mediators ,medicine.symptom ,Tunica Media ,Blood drawing ,cardiovascular risk ,Spirometry ,medicine.medical_specialty ,subclinical atherosclerosis ,International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,Arginine ,Risk Assessment ,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Inflammation ,business.industry ,Atherosclerosis ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,030228 respiratory system ,Intima-media thickness ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,Asymptomatic Diseases ,Multivariate Analysis ,Linear Models ,Tunica Intima ,Asymmetric dimethylarginine ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Matthias Helmut Urban,1 Philipp Eickhoff,2 Georg-Christian Funk,1 Otto Chris Burghuber,1 Michael Wolzt,3 Arschang Valipour1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria; 3Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. However, the mechanisms for this association are yet unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between brachial intima-media thickness (B-IMT), an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk, systemic inflammation, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, in patients with COPD and respective controls. Methods: The study sample consisted of 60 patients with stable COPD, free from overt cardiovascular disorders, as well as 20 smoking and 20 nonsmoking controls. Ultrasound assessment of B-IMT, spirometry, venous blood sampling for quantification of inflammatory markers and ADMA levels were carried out, and individual cardiovascular risk was calculated via the Framingham risk score. Results: Patients with COPD showed significantly higher B-IMT compared to smoking (P=0.007) and nonsmoking controls (P=0.033). COPD patients with elevated B-IMT had a twofold increased calculated 10-year risk for cardiovascular events compared to those below the recommended cutoff (P=0.002). B-IMT was significantly associated with systemic inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6]; r=0.365, P=0.006) and ADMA (r=0.331, P=0.013) in COPD. Multivariate linear regression revealed male sex and ADMA as independent predictors of B-IMT in this study sample. Conclusion: B-IMT is significantly increased in patients with COPD and is associated with systemic inflammation and ADMA levels. Keywords: cardiovascular risk, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, comorbidity, subclinical atherosclerosis, biomarker
- Published
- 2017
38. Oral Anticoagulation in Patients in the Emergency Department: High Rates of Off-Label Doses, No Difference in Bleeding Rates
- Author
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Gregor Lindner, Volker Maier, Corinne M. Eschler, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Bertram K. Woitok, Philipp Walter, and Georg-Christian Funk
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vitamin K ,Pyridines ,Pyridones ,Administration, Oral ,Hemorrhage ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Dabigatran ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rivaroxaban ,Edoxaban ,Internal medicine ,Atrial Fibrillation ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,610 Medicine & health ,Stroke ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aspirin ,business.industry ,Anticoagulants ,Atrial fibrillation ,General Medicine ,Emergency department ,Off-Label Use ,medicine.disease ,Thiazoles ,chemistry ,Pyrazoles ,Apixaban ,Female ,business ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Empirically, a significant proportion of patients using direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC) take off-label reduced doses. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, indications, dosages, and bleeding complications of oral anticoagulants on admission to the emergency department. Methods In this retrospective analysis, patients presenting to our emergency department between January 1 and December 31, 2018, with therapeutic oral anticoagulation were included (ie, vitamin-K antagonists, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran). A detailed chart review was performed for each case concerning characteristics, indication, and bleeding complications. Results A total of 19,662 consecutive cases in the emergency department were reported: 1721 (9%) had therapeutic oral anticoagulation. Vitamin-K antagonists (41%), rivaroxaban (36%), and apixaban (19%) were the most common. Stroke prophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation (63.2%) and venous thromboembolism (24.1%) were the most common indications. In 27 cases (1.6%), no indication could be identified; further, 32% of patients were classified to have either off-label doses of DOACs or an international normalized ratio (INR) out of range (in vitamin-K antagonists), whereas 20% were classified as off-label underdosed and 12% as overdosed. No difference in the likelihood of bleeding on admission could be found between the respective drugs. Only concomitant use of aspirin was significantly associated with presence and higher severity of bleeding. Conclusions Vitamin-K antagonists are still the most widely used drug followed by rivaroxaban. A significant proportion of patients are being prescribed off label-doses. While no difference was found for the respective anticoagulants with respect to bleeding, concomitant aspirin use was a significant predictor for bleeding in our collective.
- Published
- 2019
39. Covid-19 – Herausforderungen für den Gesetzgeber
- Author
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Bernd-Christian Funk
- Abstract
Eine Auseinandersetzung mit juristischen und rechtsokonomischen Aspekten der Pandemie erfordert die Anwendung kommunikativer Methoden, mit denen die Gepflogenheiten fachlicher Verstandigung uber Recht und Wirtschaft in methodisch kontrollierter Weise kombiniert werden. Hervorgehoben werden die Bedeutung der Rule of Law, des – nicht anwendbaren – Staatsnotrechts, der weittragenden, einer Kompetenz-Kompetenz angenaherten Zustandigkeit des Bundes, des Grundsatzes der Verhaltnismasigkeit als zentrale Maxime aller grundrechtlichen Bindungen, der „Legitimation des Verfahrens“ und der rechtsgestaltenden Kraft der Judikatur des VfGH.
- Published
- 2021
40. A new class of mixed-valent europium halide ortho-oxoborates: Eu6X[BO3]4 (X = Cl and Br)
- Author
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Francis J. DiSalvo, Oliver Janka, Armin Schulz, Olaf Reckeweg, Christian Funk, Steffen Klenner, Rainer Pöttgen, and Thomas Schleid
- Subjects
Materials science ,Bromine ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,Infrared spectroscopy ,Halide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Magnetic susceptibility ,0104 chemical sciences ,Sodium bromide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallography ,Sesquioxide ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Bromide ,Materials Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Europium - Abstract
Attempts to obtain Eu5Br[BO3]3 by the reaction of europium sesquioxide (Eu2O3) and elemental boron (B) at 1323 K in the presence of sodium bromide (NaBr) acting as flux and bromine source for 72 h in a silica-jacketed niobium capsule yielded single crystals of Eu3[BO3]2 and the hitherto unknown bromide oxoborate Eu6Br[BO3]4 by serendipity. Optimizing the starting reactant ratios and variations of the fluxes gave access to isotypic Eu6X[BO3]4 representatives with X = Cl and Br. Their hexagonal crystal structures was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and adopt the non-centrosymmetric space group P63mc with lattice parameters in the range of a = 1052–1061 p.m. and c = 681–685 p.m. at 298 K as well as a = 1050–1059 p.m. and c = 680–682 p.m. at 100 K for Z = 2. Eight- and nine-fold coordinated europium cations have planar [BO3]3– triangles and one of these also two halide anions as neighbors. The Raman and IR spectra of both compounds were acquired and compared to literature data to confirm the presence of isolated [BO3]3– anions. Additionally, Mosbauer spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements confirmed the simultaneous presence of di- and trivalent europium cations according to (Eu2+)5(Eu3+)(X–)([BO3]3–)4 with X = Cl and Br.
- Published
- 2020
41. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes: imprint on pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy
- Author
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Arschang Valipour, Mostafa Bakeer, and Georg-Christian Funk
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,COPD ,business.industry ,Treatment options ,Pulmonary disease ,General Medicine ,Disease ,Human physical appearance ,medicine.disease ,Phenotype ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,medicine ,Review Article on Lung Emphysema ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Pathological ,Non pharmacological - Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Over the past few years, there has been cumulating interest in describing this heterogeneity and using this information to group patients into different COPD phenotypes. The term phenotype is defined as single or combination of disease attributes that describe differences between individuals with COPD as they relate to clinically meaningful outcomes. It describes also the physical appearance or biochemical characteristics which result from the genotype-environment interaction. Furthermore, it clearly identifies subgroups with a significant impact in the prognosis. Recently, approaches to COPD phenotyping have been significantly enhanced in tandem with developments in understanding the disease's various pathological, clinical and genetic features. This knowledge inspired the researchers to investigate more tailored therapeutic strategies that could not only give a more potent effect but also help to avoid the traditional therapy's undesirable side effects. Eventually, it could be said that the phenotypic approach to COPD in the last decade had a huge impact on daily practice and management delivered to COPD patients. In this review, we highlight the impact of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options on COPD outcomes, using a personalized treatment strategy based on different phenotypes.
- Published
- 2020
42. Nichtinvasive und invasive außerklinische Beatmung beim chronisch respiratorischen Versagen
- Author
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Sylvia Hartl, Petra Schandl, Ernst Eber, Beatrice Oberwaldner, Peter Heininger, Markus Stein, Georg-Christian Funk, Ingrid Schmidt, Andreas Pfleger, Gernot Kühteubl, Wilfried Fritz, Ulrike Pachernigg, Peter Schenk, and Eveline Kink
- Subjects
Out of hospital ,Obesity hypoventilation syndrome ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,Ambulatory care ,Emergency medicine ,Breathing ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory physiotherapy ,Airway ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Chronic respiratory failure - Abstract
The current consensus report was compiled under the patronage of the Austrian Society of Pneumology (Osterreichischen Gesellschaft fur Pneumologie, OGP) with the intention of providing practical guidelines for out-of-hospital ventilation that are in accordance with specific Austrian framework parameters and legal foundations. The guidelines are oriented toward a 2004 consensus OGP recommendation concerning the setup of long-term ventilated patients and the 2010 German Respiratory Society S2 guidelines on noninvasive and invasive ventilation of chronic respiratory insufficiency, adapted to national experiences and updated according to recent literature. In 11 chapters, the initiation, adjustment, and monitoring of out-of-hospital ventilation is described, as is the technical equipment and airway access. Additionally, the different indications-such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, thoracic restrictive and neuromuscular diseases, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and pediatric diseases-are discussed. Furthermore, the respiratory physiotherapy of adults and children on invasive and noninvasive long-term ventilation is addressed in detail.
- Published
- 2016
43. Therapiezielfindung als Beitrag zu MitarbeiterInnen- und PatientInnensicherheit im interprofessionellen Team
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Dilara Gündüz, Georg-Christian Funk, Magdalena Eitenberger, Klara Doppler, Stefan Dinges, and Maria Kletecka-Pulker
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General Mathematics - Abstract
Der Gesetzgeber hat in den letzten Jahren zunehmend rechtliche Instrumente geschaffen, damit PatientInnen auch antizipiert Behandlungsentscheidungen treffen konnen. Jegliche Instrumente dieses sog advance care planning, also der vorausschauenden Gesundheitsplanung erfolgen auf Grundlage eines strukturierten Prozesses, fur welchen spezifische rechtliche Bestimmungen, medizinische Indikation, und der PatientInnenwille in Form eines informed consent die Grundlage bilden.
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- 2020
44. Effects of dynamic hyperinflation on left ventricular diastolic function in healthy males – a randomized study
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Anna Katharina Mayr, Matthias Urban, Ingrid Schmidt, Georg-Christian Funk, and Otto C. Burghuber
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medicine.medical_specialty ,COPD ,Cardiac cycle ,business.industry ,Diastole ,medicine.disease ,Tachypnea ,Stenosis ,Internal medicine ,Heart rate ,medicine ,Breathing ,Cardiology ,medicine.symptom ,Dynamic hyperinflation ,business - Abstract
Background: Impaired left ventricular diastolic function is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Among several potential mechanisms dynamic hyperinflation might affect left ventricular filling through mechanical constraint on the heart and right to left ventricular interaction. Aims: We aimed to investigate the isolated effects of induced dynamic hyperinflation on left ventricular filling in healthy males in order to exclude other potential mechanisms. Methods: In a randomized cross-over interventional study we induced dynamic hyperinflation by the novel method Expiratory Stenosis Breathing (ESB) combining tachypnea and expiratory stenosis in healthy males (n=14). Dynamic hyperinflation was verified by intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi). The effects on diastolic filling were measured by echocardiographic assessment of E/A-ratio and E/e9-ratio. Results: During ESB peak A-velocity increased and E/A-ratio adjusted for heart rate 60/min decreased from 1,90 (1,66 to 2,14) during spontaneous breathing (SB) to 1,63 (1,49 to 1,77) during maximum ESB (p=0,009). Septal E/e9-ratio increased from 6,2 (5,7 to 6,8) during SB to 7,1 (6,2 to 8,0) during maximum ESB (p=0,023). Higher PEEPi was correlated with lower E/A-ratio (p=0,001). Conclusions: Dynamic hyperinflation altered left ventricular filling in healthy males through increases in late diastolic filling during atrial systole and left ventricular filling pressure. This could be the result of increased constraint on the heart by the hyperinflated lungs. Our observations underline the role of dynamic hyperinflation as a determinant of left ventricular filling in patients with COPD.
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- 2018
45. Expiratory stenosis breathing – a novel model of dynamic hyperinflation
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Anna Katharina Mayr, Otto C. Burghuber, Georg-Christian Funk, Ingrid Schmidt, and Matthias Urban
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Stenosis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Breathing ,Cardiology ,medicine.disease ,Dynamic hyperinflation ,business - Published
- 2018
46. Differences in Outcomes Reported by Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases vs Their Health Care Professionals
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Valérie E.H. Pittet, Michel H. Maillard, Thomas Simonson, Nicolas Fournier, Gerhard Rogler, Pierre Michetti, Claudia Anderegg, Peter Bauerfeind, Christoph Beglinger, Stefan Begré, Dominique Belli, José M. Bengoa, Luc Biedermann, Beat Bigler, Janek Binek, Mirjam Blattmann, Stephan Boehm, Jan Borovicka, Christian P. Braegger, Nora Brunner, Patrick Bühr, Bernard Burnand, Emanuel Burri, Sophie Buyse, Matthias Cremer, Dominique H. Criblez, Philippe de Saussure, Lukas Degen, Joakim Delarive, Christopher Doerig, Barbara Dora, Gian Dorta, Mara Egger, Tobias Ehmann, Ali El-Wafa, Matthias Engelmann, Jessica Ezri, Christian Felley, Markus Fliegner, Montserrat Fraga, Pascal Frei, Remus Frei, Michael Fried, Florian Froehlich, Christian Funk, Raoul Ivano Furlano, Suzanne Gallot-Lavallée, Martin Geyer, Marc Girardin, Delphine Golay, Tanja Grandinetti, Beat Gysi, Horst Haack, Johannes Haarer, Beat Helbling, Peter Hengstler, Denise Herzog, Cyrill Hess, Klaas Heyland, Thomas Hinterleitner, Philippe Hiroz, Claudia Hirschi, Petr Hruz, Rika Iwata, Res Jost, Pascal Juillerat, Céline Keller, Christina Knellwolf, Christoph Knoblauch, Henrik Köhler, Rebekka Koller, Claudia Krieger-Grübel, Gerd Kullak-Ublick, Patrizia Künzler, Markus Landolt, Rupprecht Lange, Frank Serge Lehmann, Andrew Macpherson, Philippe Maerten, Christine Manser, Michael Manz, Urs Marbet, George Marx, Christoph Matter, Rémy Meier, Martina Mendanova, Benjamin Misselwitz, Bernhard Morell, Patrick Mosler, Christian Mottet, Christoph Müller, Pascal Müller, Beat Müllhaupt, Claudia Münger-Beyeler, Leilla Musso, Andreas Nagy, Michaela Neagu, Cristina Nichita, Jan Niess, Andreas Nydegger, Nicole Obialo, Carl Oneta, Cassandra Oropesa, Ueli Peter, Daniel Peternac, Laetitia Marie Petit, Franziska Piccoli-Gfeller, Julia Beatrice Pilz, Valérie Pittet, Nadia Raschle, Ronald Rentsch, Sophie Restellini, Jean-Pierre Richterich, Sylvia Rihs, Marc Alain Ritz, Jocelyn Roduit, Daniela Rogler, Jean-Benoît Rossel, Vanessa Rueger, Gaby Saner, Bernhard Sauter, Mikael Sawatzki, Michela Schäppi, Michael Scharl, Sylvie Scharl, Martin Schelling, Susanne Schibli, Hugo Schlauri, Sybille Schmid Uebelhart, Jean-François Schnegg, Alain Schoepfer, Frank Seibold, Mariam Seirafi, Gian-Marco Semadeni, David Semela, Arne Senning, Marc Sidler, Christiane Sokollik, Johannes Spalinger, Holger Spangenberger, Philippe Stadler, Michael Steuerwald, Alex Straumann, Bigna Straumann-Funk, Michael Sulz, Alexandra Suter, Joël Thorens, Sarah Tiedemann, Radu Tutuian, Stephan Vavricka, Francesco Viani, Jürg Vögtlin, Roland Von Känel, Alain Vonlaufen, Dominique Vouillamoz, Rachel Vulliamy, Jürg Wermuth, Helene Werner, Paul Wiesel, Reiner Wiest, Tina Wylie, Jonas Zeitz, Dorothee Zimmermann, and Petit, Laëtitia Marie
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PRO ,Adult ,Diarrhea ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,SF-36 ,Adolescent ,Disease ,Severity of Illness Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Crohn Disease ,Internal medicine ,Physicians ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunologic Factors ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Antidiarrheals ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Crohn's disease ,ddc:618 ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ,digestive system diseases ,Management ,Abdominal Pain ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cohort ,Quality of Life ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Patient-reported outcome ,Colitis, Ulcerative ,Female ,Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors ,Disease Activity Index ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Fecal Incontinence - Abstract
Background & Aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) scoring systems combine patient-reported data with physicians’ observations to determine patient outcomes, but these systems are believed to have limitations. We used real-world data from a large IBD cohort in Switzerland to compare results between patients and healthcare professionals from scoring systems for Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods We collected data from the Swiss IBD cohort, beginning in 2006, using 2453 reports for 1385 patients (52% female, 58% with CD). During office visits, physicians asked patients about signs and symptoms and recorded their answers (health care professional-reported outcomes). On a later date, patients received a questionnaire at home (independently of the medical visit), complete it, and sent it back to the data center. Patients also completed the short form 36 and IBD quality of life (QoL) questionnaires. We calculated Cohen’s kappa (κ) statistics to assess the level of agreement in scores between patients and health care professionals (Δt between reports collected less than 2 months apart). We used Spearman correlation coefficients (ρ) to compare general well-being (GWB) and QoL scores determined by patients vs health care professionals. Our primary aim was to investigate the overall and individual level of agreement on signs and symptoms reported by health care professionals vs patients. Results The best level of agreement (although moderate) was observed for number of stools last week in patients with CD (κ = 0.47), and nocturnal diarrhea in patients with UC (κ = 0.52). Agreement was low on level of abdominal pain (κ = 0.31 for patients with CD and κ = 0.37 for patients with UC) and GWB (κ = 0.23 for patients with CD and κ = 0.26 for patients with UC). Patients reported less severe abdominal pain and worse GWB (CD) or better GWB (UC) than that determined by health care professionals. Patient self-rated GWB correlated with IBD quality of life (ρ = 0.68 for patients with CD and ρ = 0.70 for patients with UC) and SF-36 physical scores (ρ = 0.55 for patients with CD and ρ = 0.60 for patients with UC); there was no correlation between health care professional-rated GWB and QoL. Conclusions In a comparison of patient vs health care provider-reported outcomes in a Swiss IBD cohort, we found that health care professionals seem to misinterpret patients’ complaints. Patients self-rated GWB correlated with QoL scores, indicating that reporting GWB in a single question is possible and relevant, but can vary based on how the data are collected.
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- 2018
47. MOESM3 of Acidâ base status and its clinical implications in critically ill patients with cirrhosis, acute-on-chronic liver failure and without liver disease
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Drolz, Andreas, Horvatits, Thomas, Roedl, Kevin, Rutter, Karoline, Brunner, Richard, Zauner, Christian, Schellongowski, Peter, Heinz, Gottfried, Georg-Christian Funk, Trauner, Michael, Schneeweiss, Bruno, and Fuhrmann, Valentin
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Data_FILES - Abstract
Additional file 3: Table S1.
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Acid-base status and its clinical implications in critically ill patients with cirrhosis, acute-on-chronic liver failure and without liver disease
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Kevin Roedl, Michael Trauner, Andreas Drolz, Richard Brunner, Thomas Horvatits, Peter Schellongowski, Gottfried Heinz, Georg-Christian Funk, Christian Zauner, Valentin Fuhrmann, Bruno Schneeweiss, and Karoline Rutter
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Alkalosis ,Cirrhosis ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Chronic liver disease ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Liver disease ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Hyperchloremic acidosis ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Acid–base ,Mortality ,Acidosis ,business.industry ,Research ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Metabolic acidosis ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,medicine.disease ,Acute-on-chronic liver failure ,Respiratory alkalosis ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Acid–base disturbances are frequently observed in critically ill patients at the intensive care unit. To our knowledge, the acid–base profile of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) has not been evaluated and compared to critically ill patients without acute or chronic liver disease. Results One hundred and seventy-eight critically ill patients with liver cirrhosis were compared to 178 matched controls in this post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data. Patients with and without liver cirrhosis showed hyperchloremic acidosis and coexisting hypoalbuminemic alkalosis. Cirrhotic patients, especially those with ACLF, showed a marked net metabolic acidosis owing to increased lactate and unmeasured anions. This metabolic acidosis was partly antagonized by associated respiratory alkalosis, yet with progression to ACLF resulted in acidemia, which was present in 62% of patients with ACLF grade III compared to 19% in cirrhosis patients without ACLF. Acidemia and metabolic acidosis were associated with 28-day mortality in cirrhosis. Patients with pH values
- Published
- 2017
49. Effects of Roflumilast on subclinical atherosclerosis in COPD - a randomized controlled trial
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Georg-Christian Funk, Nicole Kreibich, Otto C. Burghuber, and Matthias Urban
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medicine.medical_specialty ,COPD ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Systemic inflammation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Arterial stiffness ,Cardiology ,Endothelial dysfunction ,medicine.symptom ,Asymmetric dimethylarginine ,business ,Reactive hyperemia ,Pulse wave velocity ,Roflumilast ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: COPD is associated with an excess atherosclerotic risk. Both, COPD and atherosclerosis are mediated by systemic inflammation. Roflumilast, as an anti-inflammatory drug, revealed potential atheroprotective effects in patients with COPD. Aims: To investigate the effects of Roflumilast on subclinical atherosclerosis (i.e. arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction) and a potential association with systemic inflammation in COPD. Methods: 80 COPD patients were randomized to receive Roflumilast or placebo for 24 weeks. Arterial stiffness was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx). Endothelial dysfunction was assessed via reactive hyperemia index (RHI), circulating levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Systemic inflammation was quantified by C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Results: 67 patients completed the study, 33 of which received Roflumilast and 34 received placebo. The primary endpoint, change from baseline PWV, did not show a significant difference between Roflumilast and placebo (1.07 [95% CI 0.98 – 1.17] vs. 0.99 [95% CI 0.91 – 1.08], p = 0.214). Roflumilast did not improve AIx or markers of endothelial dysfunction (RHI, ADMA, MMP-9) and systemic inflammation (CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha). We observed a significant improvement of 6-minute walking test with Roflumilast compared to placebo (59.2 [95% CI 18.3 – 100] vs. 0.69 [95% CI -39.7 – 42.1], p = 0.045). Conclusions: Our study does not support an atheroprotective effect of Roflumilast. However, there might be an improvement of exercise capacity with Roflumilast in patients with COPD.
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- 2017
50. Acetate-buffered crystalloid infusate versus infusion of 0.9% saline and hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing renal transplantation : Prospective, randomized, controlled trial
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Edith Fleischmann, Carmen A. Pfortmueller, Gregor Lindner, Christian Reiterer, Eva Potura, Wilfred Druml, Florian Luf, Barbara Kabon, and Georg-Christian Funk
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Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hemodynamics ,Crystalloid ,Acetates ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Catecholamines ,Infusion therapy ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Hemodynamic ,Infusions, Intravenous ,Saline ,Aged ,Balanced ,business.industry ,Cumulative dose ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Renal transplantation ,General Medicine ,Perioperative ,Crystalloid Solutions ,Kidney Transplantation ,Transplantation ,Blood pressure ,Anesthesia ,Austria ,Female ,Original Article ,Saline Solution ,business - Abstract
Summary Background Infusion therapy is one of the most frequently prescribed medications in hospitalized patients. Currently used crystalloid solutes have a variable composition and may therefore influence acid-base status, intracellular and extracellular water content and plasma electrolyte compositions and have a major impact on organ function and outcome. The aim of our study was to investigate whether use of acetate-based balanced crystalloids leads to better hemodynamic stability compared to 0.9% saline. Methods We performed a sub-analysis of a prospective, randomized, controlled trial comparing effects of 0.9% saline or an acetate-buffered, balanced crystalloid during the perioperative period in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing cadaveric renal transplantation. Need for catecholamine therapy and blood pressure were the primary measures. Results A total of 150 patients were included in the study of which 76 were randomized to 0.9% saline while 74 received an acetate-buffered balanced crystalloid. Noradrenaline for cardiocirculatory support during surgery was significantly more often administered in the normal saline group, given earlier and with a higher cumulative dose compared to patients receiving an acetate-buffered balanced crystalloid (30% versus 15%, p = 0.027; 68 ± 45 µg/kg versus 75 ± 60 µg/kg, p = 0.0055 and 0.000492 µg/kg body weight/min, ±0.002311 versus 0.000107 µg/kg/min, ±0.00039, p = 0.04, respectively). Mean minimum arterial blood pressure was significantly lower in patients randomized to 0.9% saline than in patients receiving the balanced infusion solution (57.2 [SD 8.7] versus 60.3 [SD 10.2] mm Hg, p = 0.024). Conclusion The use of an acetate-buffered, balanced infusion solution results in reduced need for use of catecholamines and cumulative catecholamine dose for hemodynamic support and in less occurrence of arterial hypotension in the perioperative period. Further research in the field is strongly encouraged.
- Published
- 2017
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